Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Patrimoine culturel – Protection – Éthiopie'
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Tadesse, Wessen Shiferaw. "Cultural Heritage Protection in Ethiopia : A Historical Trajectory of Institutions and Legal Frameworks." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019EHES0058.
Full textThis dissertation investigates the general conditions under which the institutionalization of cultural heritage protection has taken place in a historical perspective with particular emphasis on the twentieth century. Its main objective is to study and reconstruct a historical trajectory of cultural heritage policies and institutions in Ethiopia. Based primarily on archival documents and legislative texts, which I collected from archives in Ethiopia and France, it argues that the institutionalization of cultural heritage protection in Ethiopia has undergone through centuries of social and political influences. It claims that the series of cultural heritage policies and institutions put in place under the last three political regimes- the imperial government, the socialist government and the federal government- reflect the basic sociopolitical structure and ideological assumptions of the respective regimes. This doctoral thesis explores the historical trajectory of cultural heritage policies and institutions in Ethiopia with a particular emphasis on the 20th century. Based primarily on archival documents and legislation that were collected in archives in Ethiopia and France, this study shows how the institutionalization of cultural heritage protection in Ethiopia has incorporated various cultural, political and economic models over the centuries. The heritage policies implemented under the last three political regimes - the imperial government, the socialist government and the federal government - reflect the basic socio-political structure and ideological assumptions of the respective regimes. Unlike in some European countries, where the State has confiscated cultural heritage and assumed responsibility for its management, the protection of cultural heritage in Ethiopia has largely remained outside the framework of State institutions, both in the ecclesiastical and secular spheres. In addition to the historical evolution of the legal and institutional frameworks of cultural heritage in Ethiopia, the thesis also examines the etymological significance of heritage in some Ethiopian languages and explores the various manifestations of heritage perception and practice in the country. The thesis argues that the ambition, rhetoric and practice of modernization since the early 20th century have left a deeper impact on the conception of cultural heritage and the institutionalization of its protection. By restoring notions relating to heritage over a long period of time specific to Ethiopia, the thesis aims to contribute to ensuring that policies for the protection of cultural heritage do not depend solely on exogenous models of development and management, but can respect local conceptions and practices that themselves are part of the national heritage
Woldeyohannes, Hiluf Berhe. "Aksoum (Ethiopia) : an inquiry into the state of documentation and preservation of the archaeological and heritage sites and monuments." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU20126/document.
Full textAksum is the capital of ancient Aksumite Kingdom and one of the most important archaeological site in Ethiopia. It has been registered on World Heritage List in 1980. Its archaeological and cultural heritage continues to be a victim of urbanization, development, erosion and deposition. Despite increased awareness and issues within the field of archaeology, the destruction of archaeological and cultural heritage sites of Aksum has been staggering. Although considered as an outstanding universal heritage site, very little focused cultural heritage management has been undertaken in Aksum. All archaeological excavations conducted thus far in Aksum focused on unearthing elite tombs and palaces. Both acts of destruction are relevant to current research on the cultural heritage management aspect in Aksum in general. This research provides an analysis of the destruction of the archaeological and heritage sites and monuments in Aksum based on ancient documents, archaeological excavations and field observation. It examines the extent the sites have been excavated, documented and preserved. Three sites have been selected for case study for the present research. The research revealed that the archaeological and heritage sites in Aksum have been deeply affected by urbanization in general. Evidently, the absence of integrated development planning by the municipality, lack of professionals in the field of archaeology and lack of public education have contributed significantly to the loss of the archaeological record. This thesis attempts to evaluate the current state of documentation and preservation of the cultural heritage resource in Aksum
Kianguebeni, Ulrich. "La protection du patrimoine culturel au Congo." Thesis, Orléans, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ORLE0001/document.
Full textCongolese cultural heritage law is recent due to the young age of legal tools. In fact, this law that is inspired by French law because of cultural assimilation from French colonization. Instituted in a particular historical context, current conception of cultural heritage in Congo has been an emanation of colonial administrators and missionaries. This conception is essentially based in French cultural values. As a metropolis, France instituted the application of its laws in the colonies. An application not followed of actions because of the lack of heritage in the western understanding in Congo. When Congo got its independency in 1960, new Congolese elite graduated in French schools opted for a legal and institutional imitation to rule the State but also to protect cultural heritage. Consequently, first laws that illustrate this imitation are the Law 32/65 of August 12th 1968 providing the state with the possibility to create organs to develop culture and arts and the Decree 68-45 of February 19th 1968 fixing the operation procedures of the Law32/65 of August 12th 1968. This imitation revealed gaps because Congolese social and cultural conditions have not been taken into account. Therefore at the end of the 1970’s, there has been an attempt to come back to the traditional conception of cultural heritage, with for example the affirmation of Congolese cultural heritage. Congo still emphasizes this interest for the protection of cultural heritage by cultural development policies and adoption of two laws: the Law N°8-2010 of July 26th 2010 on the protection of national cultural and natural heritage and the Law N°09-2010 of July 26th 2010on the orientation of cultural policy in Congo. This is an additional walk towards the protection of cultural heritage, although this is still embryonic and very insufficient. However, it must be stressed that protection of cultural heritage encounters many difficulties linked to human and financial resources. This is why this work proposes some measures and initiatives in favor of an effective protection and management of Congolese cultural heritage
Delivré, Cendrine. "Finances publiques et protection du patrimoine culturel." Lyon 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004LYO33043.
Full textThis thesis intends to study the relations between public finance, understood widely as tax rules and financing, and protection of cultural heritage defined as the group of goods proving cultural interest and revealing social worthy to inheritance purpose. Protection of cultural heritage takes place in the French law by means of numerous juridical instruments, more particularly financial and fiscal ones. The diversification of financial and fiscal instruments related to the protection of cultural heritage has been improving since the end of the old regime. These variegate tools need a well-ordered description. Afterwards, an analysis of the public finance action in favour of the protection of cultural heritage was undertaken in order to elucidate the recent objective-oriented financial and fiscal mechanisms
Zhao, Zhiyong. "La protection juridique du patrimoine culturel en Chine." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013CLF10408.
Full textChinese cultural heritage consists of a multitude of tangible and intangible assets. It embodies the vitality and creativity of the Chinese Nation, and also participates in the pursuit of Chinese civilization Cultural heritage is the main problem of contemporary Chinese society. According to political developments, legal measures have been adopted. Because of current challenges for the Government and local authorities, specific regulations have been put in place to ensure the protection of cultural heritage. They are constantly being added to and improved in with the Global Heritage phenomenon, under the Convention Concerning the Protection of World Cultural and Natural Heritage and the Convention for the safeguarding of Intangible Cultural Heritage. The application of the law for the protection of Cultural Relics and the law for the safeguarding of Intangible Cultural Heritage and the intervention of jug allow appreciating its effective range
Jote, Kifle. "International legal protection of cultural heritage /." Stockholm : Juristförlaget, 1994. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37165744h.
Full textAlassimone, Catherine. "Protection du patrimoine intangible et politique culturelle au Japon." Bordeaux 3, 1999. https://extranet.u-bordeaux-montaigne.fr/memoires/diffusion.php?nnt=1999BOR30001.
Full textJapan's cultural policy is officially conducted by the agency for cultural affairs. Preserving japanese cultural assets remains a national priority, with a predilection for preserving traditional arts. Intangible cultural assets consist of crafts and performing arts' techniques and know-how. The holders of such assets are best known under the name + national living treasures ;. If an in-depth study of the national living treasures' situation shows their difficulties for ensuring the survival of their know-how, the japanese government maintains the discourse on tradition coexisting with modernity ; reviving thereby the old ideological theory of a unique millennial tradition, thrust of modernity. Actions taken to preserve intangible cultural assets fit into the + arrival of the age of culture ; through which the japanese government would first seek not to stimulate traditional arts inside japan, but to compensate for a heavy communication gap abroad. This would not be an autonomous change nor a self-made decision. Ii would rather correspond to the necessity of adapting to foreign pressure, and to an official recognition by which japan would give its economic power a meaning. After an attempt to spread the secrets of japanese uniqueness - through the discussions of japanese identity - outside japan, in order to improve international exchange (mainly trade), japan is currently getting involved in an international cultural cooperation strategy
Kwon, Cherry. "La protection du patrimoine culturel : une comparaison entre la France et la Corée." Thesis, Paris 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA010321.
Full textCultural heritage is by its own nature an exposition of national identity as well as a symbol of sovereignty. Thus a comparative study on it would give rise to implications beyond the relevant institutions. The cultural heritage system of France, a culmination of the Revolution, has indeed held an enduring reputation as the most sophisticated one in the world. Korea, on the other side of the globe, has been pursuing ambitious reform measures, ever since the enactment on the Protection of Cultural Property in 1962. Emphasis in the present work has been placed on the cultural heritage and the land. The reason is that the unique relationship of the two is believed to be fertile ground for comparison. Traditional attachment in France to the land in case of tangible or material cultural “patrimoine” would very well bring about fresh perspectives to Korea. It is to be noted that those cultural properties, not classified as “protected” ones thus falling out of the umbrella, are also dealt with rather extensively. One may find that state intervention or engagement is much more conspicuous in case of cultural heritage, as compared to other areas of culture. Decentralization epitomizes the administration of cultural “patrimoine” in France since 1980s, whereas role of the central government dominates in Korea, although foundations, associations and MECENATs are on the rise in numbers and activities. Lastly the task of interest-coordinations are highlighted in every facet of the protection : namely public v. private, national v. regional/local, past/present generation v. future generation
Boucetta, Abbès. "Le statut du patrimoine culturel en droit international : contribution à l'étude de la notion de patrimoine culturel de l'humanité." Aix-Marseille 3, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989AIX32006.
Full textThe statute of the cultural patrimony is not to be found in a code. It is to be discovered in scattered legal national and international instruments. The misdeeds of wars and of all kinds of armed conflicts, the foreign occupation man's and time's damages, the spoliations the illicit transfers of property of cultural patrimony are so important and so numerory that they concern all the countries. The international community, in all its components, reacted to help the states to insure the protection and thes safeguard of their cultural patrimony, especially those which present a universal and exceptional interest. This protection should exist in peaceful time as well as in wars. This research and synthesis work establishes the statute of the cultural patrimony in international law, and its material and nonmaterial contents, its also draws the main lines and the main pronciples of the law mechanismes which preside over the imperative of protection and safeguard of all the cultural heritage, of all the oral and non-oral traditions that are devoted to humanity, for they constitute the cultural patrimony of the nations
Ben, Amor Oualid. "La protection des biens culturels en droit international." Lyon 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003LYO33015.
Full textAlbaghdadi, Yousef. "La protection juridique du patrimoine culturel en Lybie (1835-2017)." Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017CLFAD004/document.
Full textThe juristic protection of cultural heritage in Libya has been divided into two distinct periods. The first before 1869 was characterized by the absence of specific legislation. Apparent remains and transportable archaeological pieces were exposed to pillage and bargaining, while intangible heritage was transmitted through a popular memory that lost part of its cultural heritage over time. The second period, from the mid-nineteenth century, is marked for the Libyan heritage by a desire for protection. From 1869 to the present and after independence, it has had different stages and varying degrees in the preservation of cultural property from a legal point of view.This doctoral research is particularly interested in the last 150 years when the definition of the heritage and the vision of the Muslim law on the heritage were taken into account, because the religious heritage remains deeply in the minds of the people and constitutes an obstacle to the acceptance of several forms of cultural heritage.From the various powers that have been exercised in Libyan territory, it is possible to understand the contributions and limits, the influences and developments, the stakes and the actors, the normative provisions and their application during the Ottoman period, Italian occupation and finally the British military administration. These two European countries have focused on the protection of the tangible cultural heritage and its rediscovery. As in other areas, intangible heritage has received special attention from both administrations.After the proclamation of independence, interest in cultural heritage was lessened despite the many laws and resolutions promulgated favorable to the emergence of a national heritage law and intended to protect cultural wealth due to the discovery large quantities of oil. The country then directs its economy towards the exploitation of a rent implying the abandonment of the other resources of the country. The economy was privileged and the state gave no importance to the development of archaeological tourism.In addition, awareness of the importance of heritage as a constituent part of the cultural identity of the people has not been anchored in the minds of most citizens, in particular because of educational programs that do not Heritage issue. On the other hand, they were saturated with discriminatory nationalist subjects to combat internal and external cultural diversity. The propaganda of the old regime has tried to do so over the decades. With the collapse of the regime of Colonel Gaddafi in 2011, a new patrimonial legislation made it possible to take into consideration new areas. Possible developments can be expected from the influence of international conventions.This thesis, by analyzing the evolution of the legal protection of the Libyan cultural heritage and making available the normative corpus elaborated over the centuries, is a first step for future research on cultural heritage and more broadly on the question Of Libyan law
Poli, Jean-François. "La protection des biens culturels meubles." Aix-Marseille 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992AIX32028.
Full textThe goal of this study is to examine closely the different legal regulation, presse -ntly existing on the juridical protection of movables cultural works: cultural work circulation, purchase by state ("dation en paiement), territorial and marin archaelogy, fiscal law. It insists on the social role of cultural works and also on the duties of the state regarding their protection. Sociological and economic approach is considered as well. Finally it studies the role played by the international organisations (unesco) (concil of europe), and possible consequences of the principle of free circulation result of eec treaty, on the protection
Turhalli, Zeynep. "La protection du patrimoine culturel des minorités en droit international." Thesis, Paris 10, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA100188.
Full textThe cultural heritage of minorities comprises the works of its artists, its intellectuals, as well as all the creations arisen from its memory and the collective knowledge, such as the languages, the shared rituals, beliefs, and ways of life, those mark the cultural identity of the group and give the sense to the lives of its members. How to protect the cultural heritage of these groups and ensure their contribution to the common heritage of mankind? The first difficulty in this regard is the presumption that the cultural heritage of these groups is linked to their collective identity. Thus, the protection of the identity depends to the recognition of the group as the subject of international law. From this point of view, international law is a system made by and for the legal entities such as States and the international organizations. The individual finds its place in this order as subject of human rights. Nevertheless, collective entities like peoples, minorities and indigenous peoples need a legal recognition. On the other hand, the generality of the concept of cultural heritage it self is a second obstacle before its legal recognition. In the absence of explicit conventions defining it, the cultural heritage of these groups covers a vast and complex reality hard to recognize in legal terms. In this thesis we analyze how does international law protects the cultural heritage of minorities. We consider, although there is not still any clear and unified legal definition of cultural heritage, recent developments demonstrate the emergence of a customary international law protecting the cultural heritage of these groups
Ballestrero, Fiamma. "Le patrimoine culturel italien : marché illicite et instruments de protection." Paris 10, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA100104.
Full textAccording to a research of the UNESCO, Italy owns 45% of the word art heritage. Unfortunately, Italy is also top of the list in the illegal trade of works of art. In 1994 the Censis said that such trade was works of art is still nowadays an important social and economic problem. The aim of this thesis is to analyse the present juridical situation of works of art in Italy. The system of juridical protection set up on a national level as well as a European Community and international levels seems defective. In Italy neither the Penal code nor the Code of criminal procedure provide for suitable sanctions concerning the protection of works of art. That is why measures of dissuasion and prevention are rarely carried out. Mafia has not been slack about getting interested in so rich profitable trade, with the consequent strengthening of the links between criminal organizations and illegal trade of works of art. Opening the Community borders has made their exportation far easier. Therefore, it is urgent to find a legislative and institutional solution which allows to prevent the growth of such trade, also because in the last few years a lot of works of art have been found out, but they have never been given back because of the lack of consistent national and international legislation. Italian public opinion is more and more concerned with this problem the consequent impoverishment of the national heritage. That is why lately, a process of improvement has been started and Parliament, regional and local authorities as well as numerous cultural Associations and Foundations have opened the way to reforms
Stavraki, Emmanuelle. "La convention pour la protection des biens culturels en cas de conflit armé : une convention du droit international humanitaire." Paris 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA010290.
Full textBousquet, Jean-Claude. "Le bien culturel en Italie : culture et politique de la sauvegarde du Quattrocento à nos jours." Grenoble 3, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994GRE39080.
Full textThe importance of the italian artistical patrimony (which represents 50% at the very basis of the world wide cultural production according to the unesco), can be explaind mostly by a tense sense of creativeness. This situation accounted for too by the presence of a culture of conservation which we can find its first manifestations during the fifteenth century. We can observe that all state powers tend to impose a certain number of rules concerning the property and the move of various goods which were supposed to show its legitimacy. These laws were promulgated with different grades of intensity by all the states from the peninsula, this during all their historical existence. It appeared to us that a research on the origines, forms, causes and implications of this tradition in the italian history, from the fourteenth century, could help us get better perception of the italian identity, together with a better acknowledge of the notion of cultural heritage, as it is show nowadays in the italian culture
Perrier, Arnaud. "Le Patrimoine culturel en droit privé : l'empreinte de la patrimonialité culturelle." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010CLF10325.
Full textCultural heritage is made up of assets heaving an identifiable value and a collective value for the social group. Legal mechanisms have been instituted with a view to protect and transmit this heritage to future generations. The fact that this heritage is cultural modifies the classical civil rules of private property by conferring rights upon the public. The pluralism of private cultural ownership leads to the acknowledgement of the existence of a “propriété privée mixte”. The private owner of a cultural property is entrusted with the mission of conservation in the prospect of transmitting the cultural heritage to future generations. The constraints he is subjected to in that capacity are justified by the role of he plays as an intermediary for the present generation in the transmission of this heritage between past and future generations. Cultural heritage is a product of the essence of man. “La patrimonialité culturelle” allows a transfer from having to being through identifiable assets
Bories, Clémentine. "Les États et le patrimoine culturel en droit international : les compétences des États à l'égard des éléments du patrimoine culturel." Paris 10, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA100138.
Full textCultural heritage is a complex and miscellaneous phenomenon that international law has to fit together with the characteristics of states so as to organise its protection. Cultural heritage challenges to some extent the traditional definition of state jurisdiction. It is thus necessary to determine which state(s) has(have) jurisdiction over a particular element of cultural heritage, and to define its(their) rights and duties over it. In this respect, this specificities of cultural heritage, including the human and spatial origin of each one of its elements are partly taken into account by international law. Although the competent entity is traditionally the territorial state, it is subject to many international law obligations due to the special nature of cultural heritage. A general principle of international law may therefore be inferred from the existence of a large number of protective duties. Furthermore, human rights are an extra source of obligations in respect of cultural heritage. Non territorial states also have competences. Every state is being recognised, as a representative of the international community, a general duty to protect cultural heritage as a whole. Some states may also have duties regarding cultural elements located outside their own territory. Some might also be considered as states of origin with respect to cultural properties related to their nationals or their territory, which may entitle them to claim them back if they are no longer located within their boundaries
Fondanèche, Judith. "La protection juridique internationale du patrimoine culturel en cas de conflit armé non international." Paris 5, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA05D003.
Full textDamaged, destroyed, cultural heritage rarely goes unscathed out of non international armed conflicts, whence the necessity of assuring its protection. Adopting a positivist approach, this study first considers the two parts of the protection of cultural heritage: its safeguarding, too rare at the national and international levels, and the principle of respect, impeded by the military necessity exception and inapplicable in spite of many conventional and customary improvements. Then this study investigates the State or armed opposition group responsibility for violations of the aforesaid rules and analyzes the individual criminal responsibility in the light of relevant developments related to the war crimes against cultural heritage. This study attempts to determine how far the protection can and must go, by considering the central tensions that arise then between universalism, state sovereignty and people identity
Wagener, Noé. "Les prestations publiques en faveur de la protection du patrimoine culturel." Thesis, Paris 11, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA111007.
Full textThe thesis has made the methodological choice of reducing the action of the State for the protection of cultural heritage to a simple series of "services". Taking the neoliberal perspective literally, it intends to study all State interventions in this area, regardless of the shapes they assume (enactment of regulation and provision of services). In doing so, the scientific challenge of the thesis is to get to determine why the State acts in cultural heritage, and more specifically why it acts in a certain way rather than another. This functional interrogation, rarely asked by lawyers in France, is of interest as it questions the particular ways in which specific categories of law help to produce - much more than to describe - the choice of a particular cultural heritage protection. Thus, the diachronic observation of services, since the French Revolution, shows that on multiple occasions, these services have found, in all seriousness, their source outside the State, specifically in a community right. Also, beyond a progressive etatization process (which is not in itself very original), a complex reversal of the relation of the State to the society emerges : during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, the State frees itself from the society, helped by a massive work of doctrinal reconceptualizations. It is only between World War I and World War II, after the failure of theories of social law, that the legal explanation of State services for the protection of cultural heritage is finally locked in the antagonism between the authority of the State and fundamental rights
Négri, Vincent. "L'édification du droit du patrimoine culturel : évolutions et tensions." Paris 11, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA111007.
Full textBoul, Maxime. "Le patrimoine immatériel des personnes publiques." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU10016.
Full textThe public intangibles deeply shift the public property law. The report « The economy of the intangible: tomorrow’s growth » published in 2006 started an awareness of intangibles in the public heritages resulting on the establishment in 2007 of the Agency for Public Intangibles ofFrance (APIE), a government agency with national authority attached to Treasury Directorate General and Public Finances Directorate General. The rising interest for intangibles manifests a political will to value because they are an underutilized wealth. These assets are complexly identified in law because “intangible asset” is an accounting concept. Moreover, Intangibles law is built in the margin of the general Code on public property adopted in 2006, which is mute on its applicability to these intangible goods. Intangibles’ inclusion in the public estates consequently raises the issue of their incorporation in the public domain. The hypothesis of an intangible public domain means that the characteristics of condition and legal structures of these goods has to be studied, as well as its compatibility with economic valuation’s imperatives among other public utilities
Guyomarc'h, Armelle. "La décentralisation de la protection et de la gestion du patrimoine culturel." Paris 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA010262.
Full textThe extension of local government for the protection and the administration of the cultural common inheritance of a nation looks like a paradox. The protection's juridical system of the classified historical monuments is based on a very strong administrative centralization. The 1887' and 1913' laws can be considered as the keyes of the administrative system. The public interest has available the only juridical intervention of the central state to protect the historical monuments by administrative procedures which are the classification or the inventory's inscription of culturel objects, realities or personnalities. This kind of protection is based on the special administrative police procedure which can be very compellable for the private or public owners. The cultural regionalism movement has pre-existeed to the political regionalism movement. This matter of fact has allowed local organizations to realize the importance of their own cultural historical monuments which was not protected by the classical laws ; of the nation. The historical monument's law based on the administrative policy doesn't give any possibility to the local organizations to protect by themselves whereas the majority of the cultural historical monuments belong to them. The extension of local governement since 1982 has allowed the local organizations to become public law's legal entities with rights and obligations. The competences' transfer in the cultural field has been minor, the classified historic monuments's juridical protectionhas been clearly ignored in this policy. The competence's transfer has been only reached in two categories : the archives' and public libraries' administration. Facing this juridical blank, the local organization has developped other juridical ways to protect and manage their historical cultural objects. The extension of local governement in the town planning has given them new methods of protecting their historical monuments. They also open out new institutionnal and operationnal means of management for their cultural objects (local civil servant, contracts. . . ). The expansion of communautary policy is a new challenge for them. But the rules are still commanded by the central organization
Khalaf, Husam. "Le droit du patrimoine culturel en Irak : approche locale et internationale." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013CLF10424.
Full textIn the twentieth and twenty-First centuries, the idea of protection of tangible and intangible heritage and cultural properties developed tremendously at both national and international levels. This idea is specially coming out by defining the properties to protect, developing the standards necessary and establishing the institutions mandatory for this purpose.This study focuses on the formation of cultural heritage law in Iraq in a historical perspective by tracing the genesis of concepts related to cultural heritage, evolution of the legislation but also by analyzing the institutions and legal Contemporary rules developed to ensure the protection. In case of Iraq, especially with the recent conflicts, the embargo years and the damage caused to the cultural heritage, the effectiveness of national and international provisions remains questionable.From an analysis of committed violations despite international conventions, determination an implementation of the responsibility for the cultural heritage may be considered. Since 2003, a strategy is established to strengthen the protection, to conserve and valuate this precious heritage with the support of international cooperation. Using all these elements, this thesis suggests recommendations to contribute to further possible developments
Alketbi, Mohamed. "La proctection juridique du patrimoine culturel en France et aux Emirats." Thesis, Paris 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA01D028.
Full textDevices heritage protection is put in place in France and the United Arab Emirates in recent years. But it was really the eighty was born a public heritage policy with the creation of the concept of historical monument years. Throughout the twentieth century, the law of protection of heritage fabric and accompanies the evolution of the same design heritage. This heritage is now composed of tangible and intangible assets. Internationally under the aegis of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) is set up in the seventies the idea of world heritage. In this context, laws on heritage protection were adopted in France, and again Bill legislation are still waiting to be adopted in the United Arab Emirates. These laws and draft laws aim to make protective devices "more readable and better adapted to current and future challenges
Girard, Alain. "Expériences touristiques et régime du patrimoine culturel-naturel : éléments pour une sociologie critique du tourisme." Aix-Marseille 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996AIX10040.
Full textLanglais, Dominique. "La cybermuséologie: Défis face à la protection at la diffusion du patrimoine culturel." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/27526.
Full textNguyen, Van Quân. "La protection du patrimoine historique et esthétique face à la mondialisation : l'exemple de la France et du Vietnam." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOU10071/document.
Full textThe heritage, which often leads to the notion of legacy transfer, is the result of a series of choices made upon the definition that a society or a group of people want to give themselves. Expressing both that identifies and differentiates it from other groups or societies, heritage involves some interpretation or even reconstruction of the past based on present issues. This way of conceiving heritage is directly tied to a past that is socially and historically constructed: invented in the West during the modern era, it was then extended to other societies. This extension of the concept of heritage seen as such is supported by the intensification of exchanges that characterizes the new global context for the past century. Indeed, in a context of globalization marked by the acceleration of international exchanges and the questioning of some traditional institutional frameworks, the heritage sector experiences a number of changes in both forms of its management and its valuation. Given the role of heritage on national identity and its increasing impact on the economy, heritage policy always plays an important role in the cultural policy of the State. Facing a world without borders, the state’s heritage policy undergoes significant changes. The considerable changes of the globalized world as we know do require new measures to protect, conserve and enhance the cultural heritage
Trifescu, Valentin. "Le régionalisme dans l'historiographie de l'art : valorisation du patrimoine artistique de l'Alsace et de la Transylvanie dans la 1ère moitié du XXe s." Strasbourg, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013STRAG041.
Full textTouzeau-Mouflard, Line. "Architecture contemporaine et patrimoine : intérêt public et propriété en droit de la culture." Paris 11, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA111019.
Full textNoblet, Christel de. "Protection du patrimoine architectural et initiative privée : étude de droit comparé sur la protection du patrimoine architectural par l'initiative privée à but non lucratif, aux États-Unis et au Royaume-Uni." Paris 11, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA110024.
Full textRidings, Meryll. "Le droit de l'urbanisme et l'intérêt culturel juridiquement protégé." Avignon, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AVIG2016.
Full textCultural goods are protected because they are endowed with cultural interest. Cultural interset can entail patrimonial interest inasmuch as it allows a possession to be termed cultural. A given possession can evince cultural interest. For various reasons, e. G. Historically, artistically, literarily, aesthetically, etc. It behoves the legal and political authorities to determine what possessions carry specific cultural interest, and of what nature. The purpose of this study is to inquire into the manifestation of cultural interest in town-planning law. Town-planning laws protect architectural complexes consisting mostly of smaller units whose patrimonial interest lies their being part of complexes. Such a policy, which purports to safeguard and valorize urban property, makes it possible to defend architectural beauty. In town-planning legislation , therefore, aesthetic interest is a patrimonialization criterion and relates to cultural interest, which is protected by town-planning laws
Delayer, Maxime. "Des sites historiques inscrits par l'UNESCO et leurs politiques patrimoniales : l'exemple de Porto, de Lyon et de Vérone." Phd thesis, Université Jean Moulin - Lyon III, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00232995.
Full textBidault, Mylène. "La protection internationale des droits culturels." Paris 10, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA100080.
Full textSince the adoption of the first international instruments on human rights, our conception of cultural rights has changed. New standards regarding minorities and indigenous peoples, cultural diversity and cultural heritage have drawn increased attention to the issue of cultural identities in the human rights system. Encompassing a large number of rights and freedoms, beyond the distinction between “civil and political rights” and “economic and social rights”, cultural rights are the right of every person, alone or in community with others, to freely determine and express his or her cultural identity, and to access resources to that end. Analysis of standards and practice of supervisory bodies, both at the international and at the regional level, leads to the conclusion that cultural rights are of central importance. They are indispensable to the construction of multicultural societies respectful of the rights of all persons, and invite us to reflect further upon the interconnection between freedom, equality and diversity
Duvillier, Ghislaine. "L'hétérogéneité de la protection des biens culturels objets de cession." Nice, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002NICE0044.
Full textCutural property is different from ordinary goods owing to its artistic an historic interest. A genuine art market developed in the XXth century and the internalisation of the exchanges in this field has favoured the illicit an the fraudulent dealings encouraged by certain professionals. Thus, the application of a system of adapted protection is justified. To that purpose a judicial apparatus made of a mosaic of rules constituting a heterogeneous whole is an answer. In order to maintain it, the free traffic of property has been restricted. If the voluntary sales of personal estate by auction have formed the subject of a reform, the sales by mutual agreement are still ruled by the system of common law concerning contracts or special legislations. In spite of the reinforcing of the penal dispositons with regard to the receiving and concealing of stolen goods, the questions relating to the genuineness of the goods concerned and the lawful character of their origins remain to be settled
Aouci, Mira. "Béjaia la ville lumière, dilemme entre valorisation et protection d’un patrimoine naturel et culturel millénaires." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/28346.
Full textIogna-Prat, Paul. "Le patrimoine culturel entre le national et le local : chances et limites de la décentralisation." Phd thesis, Université d'Angers, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00435144.
Full textJuno-Delgado, Edwin. "Le patrimoine au Pérou en questions : réflexions dans une perspective comparative latino-américaine." Dijon, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005DIJOD001.
Full textBy overcoming differences of culture, civilization, and by exceeding the limits of space and time, the concept of cultural heritage is essential everywhere in the world. This concept, which in recent years has made great strides, benefiting from the context of universalization and cultural and environmental crisis, is in the process of rapidly widening and adapting to new data and new actors. Trying to shed light on this evolution implies certainly the study of the action of time, on a given space. Peru, together with Brazil and Mexico, is one of the most privileged Latin-American countries with a number of sites on the UNESCO World Heritage List. The geographical framework and the historical evolution have forged an immense variety of objects, sites and monuments, natural and cultural, but also of immaterial cultural events. All these forms of heritage are laid claim to by the Nation-State as belonging to a single vast entity called national heritage. However, other actors - in particular the indigenous peoples – lay to claim to a heritage which is their own. Today, this heritage is in search of recognition. This recognition goes hand in hand with the historical evolution of the recognition of the basic rights of the indigenous peoples and it constitutes one of the cornerstones of the construction of a multicultural Nation-State in Peru. Moreover, most of the heritage in Peru has survived thanks to the presence and to the methods of the indigenous peoples. These methods are a viable alternative of protection and safeguarding of the heritage in opposition to the failure of the national system of protection of the heritage
Charvier, Fanny. "Les compétences des collectivités décentralisées en matière de patrimoine culturel : étude comparée, France, Italie, Belgique." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO30068.
Full textThe need to develop policies dedicated to the preservation of cultural heritage has been proven. Today the issue of cultural heritage raises a new problem related to the distribution of powers between different public authorities. In France, it seems that there is a centralizing vision of heritage protection that carries on. Therefore we can ask ourselves how heritage public policies are organized in neighboring countries, especially in the states with a different legal and administrative structure and also more particularly, which position do decentralized authorities get. The comparison between France, as unitary State, Italy, as regional State, and Belgium, as federal State shows similarities and differences. Thus despite a substantially similar historical evolution, the legal framework of which the powers of decentralized communities are part of, is very different from one state to another. It can be seen through sources and criteria of heterogeneous powers repartition.Beyond a diverse context, this three States come together with exercise of powers by decentralized authorities. These have limited autonomy in specific legislation heritage. But it seems that these authorities are more freedom in legislation more general. These heritage policies are in addition to policies based on traditional instruments of preservation
Pouey, Colette. "Saint-Louis du Sénégal : patrimoine national ou patrimoine mondial ?" Bordeaux 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008BOR30060.
Full textStudying the protection of the city of Saint –Louis du Sénégal leads us to take an interest in the heritage process of former colonial towns, in the relevance of the use of juridical tools inherited from the colonization (avec un s à la place du z si tu veux faire plus anglais et moins américain), and in the universality of the 1972 UNESCO World Heritage Convention. The historical heart of Saint-Louis is protected by Senegal since 1976 and the colonial town was included on the World Heritage list in 2000. Juridical texts, studies and projects follow one another while buildings deteriorate, laws are not respected, and renovation work does not seem to constitute a priority for the Senegalese, foreign contributors being more active than national ones. This situation leads us to question the weight of identities, of the economy, and of tourism in this process, as well as the confusion generated by international intervention and the heritage overload created by the World Heritage listing. The heritage process of the former capital of Senegal and the A. O. F. Underlines the technical difficulties linked to the absence of original materials that are necessary in order to respect the condition of authenticity required by the UNESCO. Unless the prospect of touristic activity eventually comes to constitute a foundation on which to build a heritage policy for colonial towns
Tosi, Philippe. "La notion française de trésor national." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM1005/document.
Full textThe aim of our thesis is to enlighten the sense of the French notion of national treasure, a specific category of cultural goods, which are not submit to the classical rules of the free movements of goods in the European Union
Ferrarini, Davide. "La reconstruction après les conflits armés et la protection des biens culturels." Montpellier 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003MON10036.
Full textChang, Wan-Chen, and Michel Van-Praët. "La Chine a-t-elle une approche de la notion de patrimoine ?" Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000MNHN0011.
Full textCominelli, Francesca. "L'économie du patrimoine culturel immatériel : savoir-faire et métiers d'art en France." Thesis, Paris 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA010003.
Full textThis thesis provides an economic analysis of a new category of heritage: Intangible Cultural Heritage (ICH). The research initiates with an in-depth analysis of the structure of tangible heritage, followed by a literature survey and field work allowing a theoretical and practical examination of the evolution of the concept of cultural heritage and the importance of extending it to include intangible expressions and practices. Main results: -analysis of the major differences between tangible and intangible heritage, emphasizing that ICH is deeply rooted in territories and communities, it is held by specific members, and it is not static, but continually transforms and innovates. -highlights the strategic role of ICH in contemporary global and knowledge economics as a critical factor for economic, cultural, social and sustainable development. -understanding of teh main causes of deterioration, disappearance and destruction of ICH elements, principally related to formal and informal processes of transmission of knowledge and skills, and including effects of intellectual property measures, the lack of material resources, and the degradation of the natural and social environments. -analysis of the main existing policies for ICH. -awareness of the idea that ICH can be considered, from an economic point of view, a cultural commons, thus increasing the realization that inadequate uses might destroy it and that alternative ways of governance can exist
Ferreira, Farias Bernadette. "La législation brésilienne de protection du patrimoine historique : étude comparée avec la législation française." Université Robert Schuman (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991STR30011.
Full textIt deals with a comparative study of the jury system of protection of the brasilian historic und artistic public interest, foreseen in the brasilian federal constitution of 1988, with the french legislation of may 2nd 1930 on the protection of historic artistic sites with a general interest. We hope to introduce into brasilian environmental law, some new administrative procedures to be implemented in the domaine of the brasilian political territory
Fresnais, Jocelyne. "Au regard de l'histoire contemporaine : la protection du patrimoine culturel en République populaire de Chine (1949-1989)." Paris, EHESS, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990EHES0020.
Full textThe protection of the cultural heritage in china from 1949 to 1989 is the result of successive policies which have been undertaken by the chinese governement. This synthesis of research examines the effects of procedural, legal and administ rative frameworks on the conservation of chinese monuments and sites. It also set out to study the bounds of the preserv ation of property as historical relics exposed to the danger of cultural nationalism itself. Rules of procedure, financial resources, technical activities, economic development and its problems are discussed toget her with actual cases; emphasis is on urban conditions, their potential importance or danger for the development of cons ervation in china
Bridonneau, Marie. "Lalibela, une petite ville d’Éthiopie amarrée au monde : analyse des recompositions spatiales, sociales et politiques dans une petite ville patrimoniale, sacrée et touristique." Thesis, Paris 10, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA100025.
Full textThis thesis questions the spatial, social and political reshaping going on in a small, holy, with a rich heritage touristic town. Lalibela is a small town with its churches, registered in the UNESCO World Heritage List, linking intensely the town to theworld. This research is largely based on a field survey resolutely qualitative, with participative observation work and interviews. Space is analyzed in the particular context of a resettlement, that is to say in a time of crisis with the eviction of the inhabitants who lived around the churches and their relocation in the outskirts of the city. The analysis of the legitimization and of the implementation of the resettlement highlights the weight of public power and of different international actors in the reorganization of the local space. With other spaces and other particular times such as religious celebrations, cultural festivals and public consultations, it seems that Lalibela is a small town in which international actors but also Ethiopian actors particularly linked to globalized space are boosting an opening to the world. The internationalization of Lalibela is also achieved locally. It establishes itself in landscapes and new spatial forms with the objectiveof reinforcing touristic attractiveness. In addition, some dwellers are creating a new connection to the world and are reaping advantages from the possibility of interaction with foreigners offeredby touristic activity. But as internationalization grows, Ethiopian political space still remains meaningful in local dynamics. This research shows that spatial, social and political recombination in Lalibela correspond to a three-cornered relationship between local social space, the importance of the State and of an Ethiopian political culture, and the globalized logics and actors
Martin, François-René. "Politique et culture : les musées et le patrimoine." Université Robert Schuman (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995STR30013.
Full textThis thesis analyses the relationship between politics and culture (museums and heritage (m&h) from a historic-hermeneutic perspective. The first historical stage we study is the shift to the public sphere of museums in the 18th century, inseparable from a culture critical of politics and self-contained in its relation to politics. The second stage is the politization of m&h achieved through bureaucratization around 1900. The third stage saw the implementation of democratization programs. This form of politization, which developed after 1945, relied on welfare-state type quantification. Nowadays the relations between politics & culture is going trough a new phase : the state no longer holds total sway over cultural policies but has to cooperate with other public actors. Finally, the difficult - emergence of forms of public debate on and support of culture on a european scale is redefining the relationship
Souiah, Karim. "La mise en scène du patrimoine : évolution des politiques de mise en valeur du patrimoine en Charente-Maritime, 1830-1976." Phd thesis, Université de La Rochelle, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00569368.
Full textBas, Jean-Arnaud. "Essai sur l'État et le patrimoine archéologique : l'exemple de la France." Saint-Etienne, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997STETT040.
Full textIn this study, we have developed how has been realised the constitution of archeological patrimony. The first stage is caracteristed by the simple attention to the archeological objects who denoted the birth of a public preoccupation with often a political mental reserve. The second stage appears at the end of the XIXth century with the decline of the liberal ideology : the simple attention is replaced by a public intervention. We have established that the archeological patrimony is incorporated in the large notion of "historical heritage" until the 27 september 1941's law about archeological excavations. After the Second World War, it continues to be up to the state to protect and to conserve the archeological patrimony. We have showed that, under the Ve republic, the public intervention is reinforced by the consecration of the cultural interest. At this evolution's end, we have developed how the public power intervenes into the archeological patrimony's domain. Through the conservation, we have established that the intervention has two complemental aspects; indeed, the conservation includes the ideas of gestion and protection. Beyond the classical constraints of gestion and protection, some new constaints exist now in connexion with the territory parcelling out and the supranational dimension of the archeological patrimony