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Journal articles on the topic 'Patriotism in poetry'
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1
Greene, Maxine. "Poetry and Patriotism." Phi Delta Kappan 87, no. 8 (April 2006): 596. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/003172170608700814.
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Klein, Joachim. "Russia Triumphant: War Poetry in the Eighteenth Century." Slovene 7, no. 1 (2018): 174–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.31168/2305-6754.2018.7.1.9.
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This paper deals with a variety of lyric poetry that was widely cultivated under Catherine II — the poetry of war. This poetry was written almost always as oc- casional court poetry; it flourished in the general context of festivities organized in celebration of the Russian successes in the numerous wars of the period. The analysis takes into account not only the main poets, but also the minor poets in order to receive a fuller picture of the period’s mentality. Presenting themselves as loyal subjects, the poets dedicated their texts mostly to Catherine II, congratulating her on her victories and praising her multifarious virtues. This panegyric element sheds a light on the cult of the empress and the specifics of her contemporary image. But the poets addressed their works not only to Catherine, but also to her victorious generals and in some cases also to the armed forces. In practicing this kind of poetry, the authors not only showed their patriotism, but also their poetic virtuosity and their erudition: their poetic task was to translate the well-known military facts into the solemn “language” of the “high style”. Writing a victory ode was a celebratory act sui generis: according to a venerable tradition of classical antiquity, the poetic word was able to transcend time, ensuring eternal glory. Remaining close to official doctrine, the poets were nevertheless able to express their own patriotic view on the ongoing wars. This patriotism came in two kinds; each one represented a certain attitude to war. The first was a radical patriotism that advocated the pursuit of national glory by the ruthless use of military power in foreign politics. The second kind was a moderate patriotism that saw war as a necessary evil; it obsessively strove to reconcile Catherine’s bellicose politics with the traditional ideal of а “just war”. The article closes with a discussion of war poetry in its relation to the peace-loving ideals of European Enlightenment.
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Chouhan, Sandhya. "Patrioitic Note in Sarojini Naidu’s Poetry." Journal of Advanced Research in English and Education 05, no. 02 (February 19, 2021): 8–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.24321/2456.4370.202006.
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Sarojini lived and created in those stirring times when India was passing though the stages of her struggle for freedom. It was the age of such great patriots and freedom-fighters as Gandhi, Nehru, Gokhale, Tilak and many others and she had close contacts with all these heroic personalities. Patriotism was in the air so to say, and Sarojini could not remain unaffected by the spirit of the times. After her meeting with Gandhi in 1914, she herself plunged into the thick of the bottle, and her letters and speeches are full of her deeply felt love for her motherland. This love is also reflected at every step in her poetry. India was is her blood; it was as part and parcel of herself, and the note of patriotism is struck in numerous poems written at different periods. It is expressed in her poems, ‘To India’, ‘The Gift of India’, ‘An Anthem of Love’, ‘Lokman Tilak’, etc.
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Fairer, D. "Patriotism and Poetry in Eighteenth-Century Britain." Essays in Criticism 53, no. 1 (January 1, 2003): 74–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eic/53.1.74.
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Dix, R. "Patriotism and Poetry in Eighteenth-Century Britain." Notes and Queries 50, no. 1 (March 1, 2003): 128–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nq/50.1.128.
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Moore, A. "Robert Lowell and Marvell: Poetry and Patriotism." English 53, no. 206 (June 1, 2004): 117–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/english/53.206.117.
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Dix, Robin. "Patriotism and Poetry in Eighteenth‐Century Britain." Notes and Queries 50, no. 1 (March 1, 2003): 128–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nq/500128.
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Bell, Hazel K. "Subject Indexes to Poetry: Historical : (See Patriotism. )." Journal of Scholarly Publishing 38, no. 3 (2007): 162–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/scp.2007.0012.
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Żytek, Joanna. "„Myż to, Polacy, owych mężów plemię…” — miejsce liryki patriotycznej w twórczości Franciszka Dionizego Kniaźnina." Prace Literackie 58 (April 28, 2020): 31–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/0079-4767.58.4.
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Franciszek Dionizy Kniaźnin, although known primarily as the author of love and religious poetry, devoted many of his texts to patriotism. His view on the issues of the fatherland evolved — from works which praised great ancestors and stigmatized national flaws, through lyric poems filled with hope inspired by the events of 1791–1794, through catastrophic visions related to the partitions of Poland, to the complete cessation of poetic activity after the fall of his homeland. Kniaźnin’s patriotic work also clearly announces the advent of Romanticism, evident in its presentation of the key role that poets should play in the nation, the artist’s discussions with God, the positive reception of Ossianism and the special mission that women have of shaping bringing up citizens devoted to their homeland.
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Mera, Arnaldo. "La poesía de Palma ante el monumento del general San Martín el 28 de julio de 1890:." Aula Palma, no. 18 (December 30, 2019): 97–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.31381/ap.v0i18.2597.
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ResumenEl presente artículo busca ahondar en un aspecto poco conocido del patriotismo de nuestro insigne tradicionista, en circunstancias de profunda congoja y dolor, como acaeció en nuestra capital días despuésde las exequias solemnes a los héroes de la Guerra del Pacífico y de las que Palma también fue víctima al perder en el incendio del pueblo de Miraflores su valiosa biblioteca. Dedicarle unas líneas en su poema alvencedor de la reciente guerra fue un acto de noble patriotismo cuando aún nuestro país sufría por los compatriotas inmolados en dicha gesta.Palabras clave: poesía, Palma, General San Martín, Guerra del PacíficoAbstract:This article seeks to delve into a little-known aspect of the patriotism of our illustrious traditionalist, during circumstances of deep sorrow and pain, as happened in Lima days after the solemn funeral of the heroes of the War of the Pacific, Palma being also, a victim when he lost his valuable library in the fire of Miraflores. To dedicate a few lines in his poem to the victor of the recent war was an act of noble patriotism when our country still suffered for the fellow countrymen immolated in that feat.Keywords: Poetry, Palma, General San Martín, War of the Pacific
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Raham Dil Khan and Dr. Khan Sardaraz. "Socio-literary Study of Robert Browning and Darwesh Durrani’s Dramatic Monologues: A Comparative Literary Approach." sjesr 2, no. 2 (April 4, 2020): 125–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.36902/sjesr-vol2-iss2-2019(125-143).
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Previous literature is laden with research on Browning’s dramatic monologues from various perspectives. This paper will compare Browning’s dramatic monologues with Derwesh Durrani’s poetry from socio-literary perspective. Literary theories of analogy and variation will be used to find out similarities and differences in their poetry. Two poems from each poet have been selected for analysis through close reading technique on the model of theories of variation and analogy. Stratified sampling technique was used for taking the representative sample from the data. The findings reveals that Darwesh’s poetry exhibits most of the dramatic features of Browning’s dramatic monologues, but his poetry is more poetic, while Browning’s poetry is more dramatic; Browning invigorates the past, Darwesh recreates the present. In addition, Browning’s poems deals with domestic issues like gender violence, love and marriage, Darwesh’s poetry deals with social issues and patriotism, and contrary to Browning, he stands for women’s rights and sensibilities. This paper suggests further studies purely from socio-cultural perspective of Darwesh’s dramatic monologues, which will contribute to the existing literature on dramatic monologues.
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Alieva, Fatima Abdulovna. "CREATIVE ACHIEVEMENTS OF THE POET-SONGWRITER OF MODERNITY MAZHID AKHMEDOV." Herald of the G. Tsadasa Institute of Language, Literature and Art, no. 22 (June 15, 2020): 28–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.31029/vestiyali22/4.
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The article analyses the poetry of Kubachi poet-songwriter Mazhid Akhmedov, whose work has found artistic embodiment of the burning problems of modernity, his poems tell about good and evil, about honor and dishonor, about patriotism, hard work, love for his native land, fellow villagers. The collection especially richly presents love lyrics, which use all kinds of poetic devices and means – epithets, metaphors, comparisons, and figurative expressions characterized by special expressiveness, as well as bearing the imprint of ethnicity.
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CONNELL, PHILIP. "BRITISH IDENTITIES AND THE POLITICS OF ANCIENT POETRY IN LATER EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY ENGLAND." Historical Journal 49, no. 1 (February 24, 2006): 161–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x0500508x.
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This article examines the scholarly recovery and popular reception of ‘ancient poetry’ in later eighteenth-century England, with a view to elucidating the relationship between cultural primitivism and more overtly politicized discourses of national identity. The publication of the poems of Ossian, in the early 1760s, gave a new prominence to the earliest cultural productions of Celtic antiquity, and inspired the attempts of English literary historians, such as Thomas Percy and Thomas Warton, to provide an alternative ‘Gothic’ genealogy for the English literary imagination. However, both the English reception of Ossian, and the Gothicist scholarship of Percy and Warton, were complicated by the growing strength of English radical patriotism. As popular political discourse assumed an increasingly insular preoccupation with Saxon liberties and ancient constitutional rights, more conservative literary historians found their own attempts to ground English poetic tradition in some form of Gothic inheritance progressively compromised. The persistence of ancient constitutionalism as a divisive element of English political argument thus curtailed the ability of Gothicist literary scholarship to function as an effective vehicle for English cultural patriotism.
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Karian, Stephen. "Patriotism and Poetry in Eighteenth-Century Britain by Dustin Griffin." Scriblerian and the Kit-Cats 37, no. 1 (2004): 62–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/scb.2004.0021.
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O'Brien, Karen. "Review: Patriotism and Poetry in Eighteenth‐Century Britain Dustin Griffin." History Workshop Journal 55, no. 1 (2003): 231–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hwj/55.1.231.
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Alieva, Fatima Abdulovna, Fatyma Khamzaevna Mukhamedova, and Aigul' Muratovna Bekeeva. "Artistic system of the children’s poetic folklore of Dagestan." Litera, no. 11 (November 2020): 42–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-8698.2020.11.34158.
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The subject of this research is the artistic system of children's folklore of Dagestan. Based on the analysis the example of cradlesongs, play poetry, and calendar songs, the author determines their thoughtful humanistic and democratic motif, high ideological focus, and aesthetic perfection. The article covers the ideological, thematic and artistic content, and highlights the archaic elements of cradlesong poetry, which enjoys most popularity among other genres of the poetic folklore. The author’s special contribution consists in explication of specificity of artistic means and aesthetic foundations of the folk worldview and culture reflected in folk poetry; as well as in analysis of compositions of various folklore genres as the elements of single literary system, which indicates their focus on labor, strong ideals of patriotism, kindness and continuity throughout the entire social practice of the people. The oriented towards a young developing individual, children's poetic folklore reconstructs the work and life experience in a form comprehensible to a child. This is why were created the cradlesongs, nursery rhymes, games that involved poetry, and all these word-creating activities, which in their centuries-long evolution led to higher imagery, infused and gifted each upcoming generation truly humanistic values. Children's poetic folklore that reflects the questions of folk pedagogy based on life experience of the mountaineers, had a major impact upon the development Dagestan children's literature.
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Samchuk, T. "THE LITERARY INTERESTS OF ST. VLADIMIR UNIVERSITY STUDENTS: POETRY (1834-1863)." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. History, no. 141 (2019): 38–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2640.2019.141.8.
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The article depicts the poetry interests of in the life of St.Vladimir University students in the years 1834-1863. The main task of publication was to show the significance and role of poetry in the students’ life. It was defined which poetry was popular among students. The main peculiarities of student’s poetry creativity were highlighted in the article. The author points out that the students' interest in the poetry of this period was formed under the influence of the romanticism ideas and the specifics of the literary and artistic life of the region. The author admits that the most popular among students were Polish, Russian and Ukrainian romantic poets. Ukrainian folklore had a significant influence on the poetry of students. In general, student poetry was diverse in terms of genres and subjects. The main themes of students lyrics were love, philosophical reflections, patriotism (especially among polish students), etc. Quite often, students used historical themes in their poems. The so-called “bursch poetry”, in which humorous student adventures were described, was a unique genre of students poems. In poetry were reflected values, outlook, and political views of students. Sometimes students’ poems were converted into songs and become very popular among them. Usually, they sang these songs on common gatherings that help to unite some groups of students and create a feeling of corpocracy. The students had no unity about poetic preferences. The preferences of poles students were distinguished among others. They prefer to read Polish authors and most of them wrote poems in Polish. It should be noted, the period which we chose is one of the most active in students’ poetic creativity. During the next period of life of students of St. Vladimir we couldn’t find so high level of literary creativity.
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Aliyeva, Jala. "The theme of patriotism and national liberation in contemporary Turkish poetry." Azerbaijan Journal of Educational Studies 1, no. 1 (2020): 326–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.29228/edu.257.
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Twaranowicz, Halina. "Да праблемы развiцця беларускай духоўнай паэзii: творчасць Зьнiча (Алега Бембеля)." Studia Wschodniosłowiańskie 20 (2020): 113–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.15290/sw.2020.20.08.
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The article analyses the biographical and creative path of Znicz, the Belarusian poet, philosopher and conservatory graduate. His poems consistently express spiritual search, which is characterized by the author’s dominant theocentric worldview (in 1996 Aleh Biembiel took the monastic vows of Zhyrovichy Monastery). Znicz’s poetry continues the excellent tradition of his great predecessors – ascetics and penitents. His poetry reveals the pursuit of reconciliation on the basis of unquestionable millennium-old Christian values with the fundamental values of the nation state, especially within the understanding of the concept of patriotism.
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Solanke, Stephen O. "A Fete of Lamentations." Matatu 49, no. 1 (2017): 72–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18757421-04901005.
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The Nigerian political milieu has, for more than five decades since independence, been bedevilled by adventurist civilian and military leaders, coups d’ état, and a seemingly ‘docile’ citizenry (who receive the ‘fallout’ of bad governance). This political landscape saw a handful of democratic governments (two overthrown by putsch). These leadership swaps have resulted in no major changes in the socio-political and economic lives of the led. In his poem collection Songs of Odamolugbe, Ademola Dasylva explores imagery, realistic symbolism, and revolutionary poetry to paint, recall, and re-live various past and present debilitating national issues engendered by groups and personalities. This essay draws on Sigmund Freud’s psychoanalytical theory of the unconscious. Freud distinguishes between psychoanalysis as i) a method for investigating unconscious mental processes and ii) a method for treating neurotic disorders. There is the subtle examination of the mental workings of the leadership and the led in and towards governance. This essay seeks to explore how Dasylva exposes leaders’ mental flaws, egoistic behaviour, and wrongly placed ‘patriotism’ and seeks redeeming positives in his poetry of social protest and resistance. The poetry rejects the cerebral, laissez-faire ‘sit-down-look’ attitude of the people, encouraging instead a different type of analytical and active ‘patriotism’ imbued with the fresh spirit of ‘Naija’. The essay affirms that there should be full and positive participation in the polity and development of the country by both the leaders and the led.
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Németh, Ferenc. "Intercultural Reflections on Translating Petőfi onto Serbian Language." Acta Universitatis Sapientiae, Philologica 6, no. 1 (December 1, 2014): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ausp-2015-0002.
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Abstract Only six years subsequent to Petőfi’s disappearance, i.e. his death, in 1855 the Petőfireception took on in Serbian literature, when Jovan Jovanović Zmaj translated the poem A csárda romjai (Razorena čarda [The Ruins of the Inn]). From that point on, Petőfibecame part of Serbian literature as well: famous and popular, to such an extent that there was hardly a Serbian poet who would not engage in translating at least one of Petőfi’s poems. Sava Babić, who made an account of the Petőfitranslations published between 1855 and 1980, listed as many as 658 entries in his bibliography. Translating Petőfi’s poems, according to literary historians, “proved an outstanding bridge between the lives of the two neighbouring nations” (Nagy 1994).1 These poems substituted for what Serbian literature lacked-the Serbian folk epic poem. Towards the end of the 19th century, the reception of Petőfi’s poetry in Serbian literature virtually bloomed into a cult, namely because his poems of patriotic and social themes as well as his revolutionary poetry quite complied and were even consonant with the increasingly aggressive patriotism of the so-called New Serbian Youth (Nova omladina). In the second half of the 20th century, the receptive attitude towards his poetry waned significantly. The study looks into the characteristics and effects of the translations of Petőfi’s poetry from its ‘literary transfer,’ its receptive situation, up to the intensification of its popularity and folklorization. In fact, it analyzes the literary/cultural transfer which fulfilled certain needs and conjunctures, but which was surprisingly integrated into the Serbian literary tradition of the late 19th and early 20th century.
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Yan, Ma, and Wang Feng. "Patriotism in Li Bai's Tang Poetry and its Influence on the English World." International Journal of English Literature and Social Sciences 5, no. 4 (2020): 1226–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijels.54.58.
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M. A. Alshammary, Assist prof Hafidh. "Commitment in the poetry of Sayyid Qutb." ALUSTATH JOURNAL FOR HUMAN AND SOCIAL SCIENCES 216, no. 1 (November 10, 2018): 54–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.36473/ujhss.v216i1.586.
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The varying degrees of commitment, and may be raised in this area, the aesthetics of language, the fact that beauty alone is the spirit of literature, not what distinguishes literature from other form of knowledge but the boundary between literature and the language of scientific language is a beauty. the poet SayyidQutb through his poetry obligated to live up his ideas and objectives tagged to maintain that poetry that has not only written in his ownburning blood, until it snaps dictated by what his heart for others. The poet has made vocabulary glowing vibrant tender. We introduced us spaces lover of freedom and patriotism and the defense of the crucial issues of the people . Introduced the poet through his poetry squeezer committed his ideas to be a light to the generations. He was ordained in his poetry stand it deserves approach and analysis, being a breeding carries the tastes of the people, and to maximize the virtues and altruism for the unity of the community and dedication to work To survive to be hope for future generations and for the fulfillment of its freedom and dignity and unity
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Nida, Nushrotun. "حقائق الحياة الفلسطينية في الشعر "يوميات جرح فلسطين" لمحمود درويش." Journal of Arabic Literature (Jali) 2, no. 2 (June 30, 2021): 135–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.18860/jali.v2i2.12065.
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Talking about Mahmud Darwis works is as if we were invited to see the real world reality. In this study, the researcher used the object of Mahmud Darwis' poetry entitled "yaumiyyatu Jurhi Falistin" because the poem depicts the real life of the Palestinian people, which is full of sadness and suffering. Therefore, this study aims to determine the real life of the Palestinian people which is described in the poem “yaumiyyatu jurhi falistiin” with the sociology of literature theory by Alan Swingewood and descriptive qualitative methods. The results of the reality of the life of the Palestinian people are described in Mahmud Dawis poetry, namely war, sadness, death and also the patriotism of the Palestinian people in defending their country.
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Öztaş, Sezai. "A Literary Genre in Value Education in History Courses: Poems." Journal of Education and Training Studies 6, no. 5 (March 25, 2018): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/jets.v6i5.3078.
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One of the objectives of education in schools is to acquire values. In this sense, history courses are among the important courses in which students can acquire values. Students can acquire values such as justice, peace, honesty, empathy, tolerance, human rights, respect, love, responsibility, charity, patriotism, etc. through history courses. There are many materials in history courses that support value education and that can be used in value education. One of these materials is poetry. It is possible to detect the historical events of the period they were written and the values of society. From this perspective, it is important to use poems in value education in history education. Different learning environments will be granted for students through the use of poetry in value education in history courses. Furthermore, the use of such different materials in the acquisition of values in history lessons will enable further internalization of values. In this study, the fact that value education could be carried out via the use of poetry in history courses was tried to be explained. With this purpose in mind, a theoretical framework for the relation between values and poetry was aimed to be put forward and how poetry could be used in value education in history courses was tried to be explained.
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Kusumawati, Aning Ayu. "PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER BANGSA DALAM PUISI “MALU (AKU) JADI ORANG INDONESIA” KARYA TAUFIQ ISMAIL." Adabiyyāt: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra 12, no. 2 (December 31, 2013): 332. http://dx.doi.org/10.14421/ajbs.2013.12206.
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Object of discussion in this study is the Taufik Ismail's poem, which entitled “Malu (Aku) Jadi Orang Indonesia” (MAJOI). Core issues to be addressed in this study can be formulated as follows: the themes related to the value of the nation's main character education at work MAJOI Taufiq's poems and the work of key themes of character education in the nation's poetry Taufiq Ismail MAJOI. To answer the above formula researchers uses thematic studies. In reviewing the themes in the poetry MAJOI the researcher refers to the values of the nation's character issued by the Guidelines for Character Education, Ministry of National Education of Jakarta in 2011. This research finds fourteen social themes and two key themes, namely the collapse of morals and a sense of nationalism as well as patriotism.
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Consalvo, Deborah McWilliams. "Thomas Moore and Victorian Ireland." Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 4, no. 1 (1992): 46–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/jis199241/23.
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This essay examines the political environment in Ireland during the nineteenth century and evaluates the impact of national patriotism upon the social landscape. In analyzing the changing topography of Victorian Ireland, religious ideology played a significant role in carving out the model of Irish culture at the close of the century. Thomas Moore's poetry reflects the cultural significance of both political and religious ideals by his use of imagery and language to unite these two social forces and represent them as thematic cooperatives essential to the identity and survival of Irish nationhood.
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Consalvo, Deborah McWilliams. "Thomas Moore and Victorian Ireland." Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 4, no. 1 (1992): 46–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/jis199241/23.
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This essay examines the political environment in Ireland during the nineteenth century and evaluates the impact of national patriotism upon the social landscape. In analyzing the changing topography of Victorian Ireland, religious ideology played a significant role in carving out the model of Irish culture at the close of the century. Thomas Moore's poetry reflects the cultural significance of both political and religious ideals by his use of imagery and language to unite these two social forces and represent them as thematic cooperatives essential to the identity and survival of Irish nationhood.
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Janicka, Anna. "Tamara Karren. Próby biograficzne." Bibliotekarz Podlaski Ogólnopolskie Naukowe Pismo Bibliotekoznawcze i Bibliologiczne 48, no. 3 (November 1, 2020): 143–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.36770/bp.523.
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The author of the article analyses the work of Tamara Karren (1918–1997), Polish writer and publicist associated after the Second World War with London’s emigration for independence. Karren is the author of two dramas, a volume of poetry, many journalistic articles, unpublished letters and Memoirs. However, her literary creation didnot manage to reach a wider audience and is poorly known in Poland. The text is therefore an introduction to the works of the writer, whose personality is determined by her biography, Jewish origin, Polish patriotism and immigrant status.
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طه, أبو صالح محمد. "تأثير الشعر العربي الحديث في الحريّة (The Influence of Modern Arabic Poetry in achieving freedom)." Journal of Islam in Asia (E-ISSN 2289-8077) 16, no. 3 (December 30, 2019): 191–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.31436/jia.v16i3.911.
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الحريّة حقّ للناس لا فضل، والدولة الحرة أو المنطقة الحرة نشّطت قيم الناس الوطنية وصداقتها للوطن، وشعوره للنفس من جديد، وقد تحطم العالم العربي في النصف الأخير من القرن التاسع عشر من الناحية السياسية والاقتصادية، وقد سعى وتسلط كل من الفرنسيين والبريطانيين والروس على العالم العربي ونجحوا في ذلك، وكانت الخلافة التركية حينذاك ضعيفة جدا في زمن استعباد الامّة العربية ظهر بعض شعراء العربية الذين أصدروا الموضوعات الجديدة في شعرهم، وظهر في شعرهم الدعوة إلى حريّة البلاد والسيادة المطلقة والصداقة للوطن، واستقرار الحالة السياسية والاقتصادية المعاصرة؛ إذ إن الشاعر معروف الرصافي كتب قصيدة عن حكومة الانتداب ودمشق تندب أهلها والحرية في سياسة المستعمرين وغيرها، وكذلك كتب محمود سامي البارودي وحافظ إبراهيم وأحمد شوقي وغيرهم من الشعراء فيها، وتوسّع نفوذ هذه الأشعار في الامّة العربية، وتنبه الناس إليها، وحصلت الامّة العربية على حريّة بلادها، وبدأ تبعث حب الوطن، والنشاط في بث الروح الوطنية، لتكون البلاد سالمة وآمنة من خطر من الإرهاب والفساد، وهذا هو تصوير هذه المقالة.
الكلمات المفتاحية: الشعر، مراحل الشعر، الإسلام، الشعراء، الحرية.
Abstract
Freedom is a right for people, not a grace. A free state or zone can revitalize the national values of the people, their patriotism and self-consciousness. The Arab world fell into serious political and economic crisis in the second half of the nineteenth century. In such juncture, France, the Great Britain and the Russia each of them, tried to establish their dominance on the Arab world and they became successful due to the weak administration of the Ottoman Empire. In this colonial era, poet and literary men have flourished their literary works introduced in a new horizon. In their poetry there was a call for freedom, sovereignty, patriotism and the stability of the contemporary political and economic situation. For example, the poet Maarof Al-Rasafi wrote about mandatory government, and how Damascus cried for their people and freedom in the policy of colonial. The same themes were written by other poets such as Mahmood Sami Al-Barudi. These all are portrayed in this paper.
Keywords: Poetry, stages of poetry, Islam, poets, freedom.
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Hutsuliak, Svitlana. "The image of mother in Mykhailo Tkach’s songs." Vìsnik Marìupolʹsʹkogo deržavnogo unìversitetu. Serìâ: Fìlologìâ 12, no. 21 (2019): 22–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.34079/2226-3055-2019-12-21-22-28.
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M. Tkach is seen as a poet with a lyrical type of worldview, with a lyrical voice that remained unchanged even after political transformations. His literary heritage contains the big layer of wonderful intimate poems, some of which became songs and even folk songs. The book «Song for you» which could be called M. Tkach’s swan song (it was published in 2002, to the poet's 70th birthday) represents pretty accurate his entire song poetry in its thematic and image variety. This book includes patriotic and intimate lyrics, and love songs make the major part of the second group. But there is the one more part which claims to have a separate significant place within intimate lyrics. We mean the songs about mother. The purpose of this article is to analyse them. The characteristic features of M. Tkach’s image of mother (such as sacrality, melancholy, didactism, etc.) are highlighted in this article and it is also proved that the image of mother is the axis of rotation of so-called «mother’s world» – one of the main concepts of M. Tkach’s poetry. M. Tkach traced the origins of the idea of Ukrainian patriotism from parents’ house. But it must be noted that the image of father is rare in M. Tkach’s poetry, as well as the generalized image of parents, in contrast to the image of the parents’ doorstep, for example. All the life ways lead Tkach’s lyrical hero from home, in other words – from mother (the images of home and mother are often superimposed), or back home, into mother’s world. The «mother’s world» metaphor is poet’s true imaginative achievement. It is hard to find more appropriate image to describe the completeness of patriotic feelings of lyrical hero. On the one hand, the poet often compares Ukraine with mother, on the other – mother is the most important part of the inner life of lyrical hero. This part is in the centre, the most precious memories of lyrical hero (of his native village and his childhood) are structured around it. They are mother-centred, so the lullaby is called mother’s and the house is called mother’s and the well too. M. Tkach presents the native land as the place unique in different meanings (geographical, cultural, personal, etc.). In such a way he talks about mother, what is emphasized by using the construction «only mother» and others like that. But the main thing we must admit is the uniqueness of M. Tkach’s songs about mother as the literary and musical phenomenon.
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Easterling, Stuart. "Gender and Poetry Writing in the Light of Mexico's Liberal Victory, 1867-ca. 1890." Mexican Studies/Estudios Mexicanos 27, no. 1 (2011): 97–142. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/msem.2011.27.1.97.
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This article studies the relationship between gender and poetry writing as it was understood by Mexican poets and critics of the late nineteenth-century. From 1867 on they were witness to a renaissance in Mexican literary and intellectual life, which included a significant increase in writing and publishing by women. In this period, influential men of letters encouraged their peers to produce an explicitly masculine verse, one connected to formal politics and Mexican patriotism. However, both male and female poets also sought inspiration from a different Muse: that of female domesticity, and the seclusion, sentimentality and emotion they associated with it. This ideal of domesticity created constraints for Mexican women who wished to write, constraints which they both accepted and challenged in verse and in prose.
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Leporati, Matthew. "‘More than mortal fervour’: Patriotism and Democracy in John Thelwall's Epic The Hope of Albion." Romanticism 26, no. 1 (April 2020): 50–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/rom.2020.0447.
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John Thelwall published extracts from his epic fragment The Hope of Albion (1801) during an unprecedented revival of epic poetry in Britain. The revival saw writers from across the political spectrum promoting various ideas of national identity and examining Britain's developing role as an imperial power. This article positions Thelwall's fragment alongside poems of his contemporaries, including epics by Joseph Cottle and Henry James Pye (both titled Alfred and published in 1800 and 1801). Examining how Thelwall differently revises tropes from classical and Miltonic poems, I argue that he uses the epic genre to explore how the nation could be transformed as an answer to tyranny and oppression. At the same time, formal tensions in the poem suggest the limitations of the very hope that comprises Thelwall's subject.
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Prakharenka, Liudmila. "LINGUISTIC ASPECT OF A. PYSIN’S LYRICS." Philological Review, no. 1 (May 31, 2021): 111–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.31499/2415-8828.1.2021.232708.
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The article is devoted to one of the important problems in Philology. Research was carried out to identify linguistic means of creating poetic images in the works of A. Pysin, one of the most famous Belarusian poets of the second half of the twentieth century.
Partial linguistic analysis gave rich material for determining the role of Pysin’s epithets, metaphors, various figurative meanings of the word in poetic context. Also attention is drawn to the apt descriptive expressions, conciseness and richness of content, capacity and soaring poetic expressions of A. Pysin.
The content of the considered poems by A. Pysin and the nature of their linguistic interpretation are extremely important in terms of educating pupils (students) such feelings as citizenship, patriotism and other positive qualities of the individual.
The purpose of this study is to identify the place of a poetic word in the context, its meaning in the content of the expression, the nature of this meaning, semantic compatibility with other words, etc.; trace the author’s search for the right word for the greatest semantic accuracy and imagery of expression.
The following research methods were used: descriptive, contextual analysis. The material of the research was the linguistic means of the poetic image of the lyricist A. Pysin.
A textual analysis of A. Pysin’s lyrics helps to better understand the meaning of individual figurative images of works, reveals the possibilities of the vocabulary of the language to improve the harmony of the ideal and material in the field of poetry.
An analysis of the texts of poems shows the poet’s careful concern for the accuracy of the word in his poetry. Many laconic figurative statements of A. Pysin are easy to remember, emotionally impressive and can be perceived as winged sayings.
The linguistic analysis of only a small part of the poems involves the wide use and variety of linguistic means to create highly poetic images that are impressive and memorable. These are, first of all, epithets, metaphors, paraphrases, phrases and other fixed expressions.
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Sydiachenko, Natalia. "CZESŁAW MIŁOSZ’S «DOLINA ISSY» AS A POETIC STORY OF THE FORMATION OF HUMAN IDENTITY." Polish Studies of Kyiv, no. 35 (2019): 38–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/psk.2019.35.38-44.
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In the paper – taking into account general understanding of poetry (poetry is something that is beautiful, sublime, unusual) – the textual structures of the novella that perform a poetic function have been analyzed; besides, the factors that determine the formation of the identity of the protagonist have been spotlighted. The poetic expression of the text, which introduces the developing of the plot into the natural and historical background, has been highlighted. From the poetics point of view, various portraits of heroes have been analyzed: external, psychological, and metaphysical; descriptions of the appearance and behavior of animals, birds, reptiles have been provided. What is more, in the aspect of poetic semantics and connotations, descriptions of landscapes, interiors have been analyzed; narrations about various processes of the ordinary and routine life and objects around the protagonist have been noticed. Poeticism is also represented in such textual structures as reasoning, especially concerning the fundamental issues of life and death. Taking into account the author’s strategy of reproducing the factors of identity creation, the protagonist explores his nature (and the human nature in general) through binary oppositions. Parents, environment, ancestors, history, motherland, and the home place, where he was born and where he grew up have influenced the formation of protagonist’s identity. This last telluric identity factor mostly shapes the peculiarity of Tomas’s worldview, as well as his Creator. Being a story about Lithuania at the beginning of the twentieth century, «The Issa Valley» is the story about true Lithuanian beliefs, customs, myths that existed that time; such senses make the text written in prose, poetic in its essence. Characteristics of the protagonist’s identity have been outlined: he is a person endowed with a talent of poetic vision of the world; he has religion feelings by the way, he also «tasted Manichaean poison»; patriotism rooted in nobility and in his small country – Lithuania. This is a being who becomes an organic part of the mental paradigm an animal – a human being – God.
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Abba, Abba A. "Christopher Okigbo’s Poetics and the Politics of Canonization." Matatu 49, no. 2 (December 20, 2017): 260–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18757421-04902002.
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Abstract Christopher Okigbo conveyed in his poetry the sense of patriotism and personal anguish at the monstrosity of a benighted nation. Some critics have argued that Okigbo was not only obsessive in his depictions of metaphors that incarnated the recurring trope of death, but also embodied a death wish culminating in his death in the Nigeria–Biafra war. They further argue that he embodied a suicidal impulse that motivated his general conduct and death in that battle. Unfortunately, only a handful of scholars have sought to contest this view and to illuminate Okigbo’s self-immolation in the name of a higher duty. To be sure, suicide and martyrdom may go beyond the question of dying to the problem of laying one’s death dramatically at someone else’s door. Following Kant’s theory of the ethical act, this paper undertakes a critical intervention that reappraises some of Okigbo’s poetry as well as documented accounts of his life in order to identify him appropriately: is he a genuine martyr or a mere suicide who presides ritually over his own dismemberment, or both? Examining lines of his poetry that have been misread as embodying his ‘haunting’ death-wish, on the one hand, and evidence of his self-giving impulse, on the other, the paper seeks to articulate how Okigbo as a tragic poet transcends his destiny by submitting to it—victor and victim at once. In its conclusion, the paper reconciles Okigbo’s will to heroic action with the symbolic meaning that is locked in his poetry in order to justify his ascension to the rank of martyr.
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Noorani, Yaseen. "Estrangement and Selfhood in the Classical Concept of Waṭan." Journal of Arabic Literature 47, no. 1-2 (July 11, 2016): 16–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1570064x-12341321.
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The modern Arabic term for national homeland, waṭan, derives its sense from the related yet semantically different usage of this term in classical Arabic, particularly in classical Arabic poetry. In modern usage, waṭan refers to a politically defined, visually memorialized territory whose expanse is cognized abstractly rather than through personal experience. The modern waṭan is the geopolitical locus of national identity. The classical notion of waṭan, however, is rarely given much geographical content, although it usually designates a relatively localized area on the scale of a neighborhood, town, or village. More important than geographical content is the subjective meaning of the waṭan, in the sense of its essential place in the psyche of an individual. The waṭan (also mawṭin, awṭān), both in poetry and other types of classical writing, is strongly associated with the childhood/youth and primary love attachments of the speaker. This sense of waṭan is thus temporally defined as much as spatially, and as such can be seen as an archetypal instance of the Bakhtinian chronotope, one intrinsically associated with nostalgia and estrangement. The waṭan, as the site of the classical self’s former plenitude, is by definition lost or transfigured and unrecoverable, becoming an attachment that must be relinquished for the sake of virtue and glory. This paper argues that the bivalency of the classical waṭan chronotope, recoverable through analysis of poetic and literary texts, allows us to understand the space and time of the self in classical Arabic literature and how this self differs from that presupposed by modern ideals of patriotism.
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Tebegenov, Т., and S. Asilbekuli. "ARTISTIC CHARACTER OF ZHUMEKEN NAZHIMEDENOV'S POETRY." BULLETIN Series of Philological Sciences 74, no. 4 (December 9, 2020): 344–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.51889/2020-4.1728-7804.70.
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The article analyzes the artistic features of lyrical and ethical works in the poetry of the outstanding poet, laureate of the State prize of the Republic of Kazakhstan Zhumeken Nazhimedenov. The poet's poetry is dominated by civil-Patriotic lyric poetry, psychological and philosophical integrity of the sung questions: the native land of the great Steppe, the sacred homeland, the continuity of generations, respect for ancestors, etc. At the same time, the author analyzes the poetic and aesthetic semantic features of artistic images in lyrical poems about nature in the poet's poetry (personification, metaphor, epithet, comparison, symbol, allegory, psychological parallelism, etc.). the Lyrical and psychological nature of civil dedications to things and phenomena in nature is determined by text analysis. We also analyzed critical motives expressed by images of irony and sarcasm in the poet's poems, which assessed gaps and shortcomings in the system of relations in the domestic and social environment. Differentiated features of the historical-philosophical, aesthetic-poetic artistic solution of the poem in the epic poetry of the poet in the generalization and reflection of the reality of life with artistic reality. The research is highlighted in the context of a new consideration of the text analysis of the poetic features of works in the poet's poetry.
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Svіtlenko, Sеrhii. "Taras Shevchenko in Reflections of the Cyril and Methodius Society Members." Roxolania Historĭca = Historical Roxolania 2 (December 28, 2019): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/30190201.
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The article aims to study the personality of Taras Shevchenko in the reflections of the Cyril and Methodius Society Members. The investigators of the figures of the Cyril and Methodius Society, the epistolary and memoir legacy of the participants of the Ukrainian National Movement and their sympathizers are analyzed. As a result, it is argued that the Cyril and Methodius Society Members had fruitful intellectual contacts with T. Shevchenko, knew well and highly respected his work, realized the importance of the poet as a true Ukrainian populist, who made a significant contribution to the national-cultural revival of Ukrainian culture and the creation of a Ukrainian national consciousness It was proved that the activities of the Cyril and Methodius completely coincided with the meaning of Shevchenkoʼs poetic creativity, while the charismatic personality of Kobzar organically entered into the intellectual core of the Cyril and Methodius Society circle, and made a powerful moral and psychological influence on the conscious Ukrainian youth. Members of the Cyril and Methodius Society appreciated the uncompromisingness, courage, radicalism, and deep folk of Shevchenkoʼs poetry. Ukrainian patriotism, patriotism for the fate of the native people united T. Shevchenko with other figures of the society, despite some ideological differences. Progressive Ukrainian youth valued Kobzar for great poetry talent, artistic plastic, extraordinary melodic singing, penetrating mind, deep vital sensibility and, at the same time, unique comic, humor and satire. At the same time, communicating with ideological supporters gav T. Shevchenko a new creative inspiration. During this period the Ukrainian poet was in a state of creative exaltation. It is concluded that the reflections of the Members of the Cyril and Mefodius Society, especially M. I. Kostomarov, P. O. Kulish, G. L. Andruzsky, V. M. Bilozersky, M. I. Gulak, O. D. Tulub, and others, written as during the life of T. Shevchenko, and retrospectively, is an important historical source of life and activity of Kobzar, one of the most prominent representatives of the Ukrainian national elite. The empirical article is written on various documentary and narrative primary sources, for the first time actualizes the problem of historical memory in the Ukrainian national movement at the beginning of its cultural-political stage, contains the original generalizations and conclusions regarding T. Shevchenko as a Ukrainian nation рорulist and harbinger of the Ukrainian national idea in reflections of the Cyril and Methodius Society Members. The material of the article may have practical application in scientific studios on the history of the Ukrainian national movement and the educational process of higher education.
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Shryock, Andrew J. "Popular Genealogical Nationalism: History Writing and Identity among the Balga Tribes of Jordan." Comparative Studies in Society and History 37, no. 2 (April 1995): 325–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s001041750001968x.
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The proprietors of Amman's publishing houses do a brisk trade in books about politics and religion. They have also, in recent years, begun to profit from the growing demand for “tribal literature.” This new market, which emerged in the late 1970s, expanded greatly in the 1980s. It includes folkloric monographs (al ʿAbbadi 1989; al-ʿUzayzi 1984), genealogical compendia (Abu Khusa 1989), Bedouin poetry (al-ʿUzayzi 1991), introductions to tribal law (Abu Hassan 1987; al-ʿAbbadi 1982), and studies which, combining elements of all these genres, are packaged as “historical” works (al-ʿAbbadi 1984, 1986). The advent of a popular literature about the Jordanian tribes written by and for local Bedouin has been hailed in Jordan's national press as a new form of “patriotism,” and the oral traditions now being adapted to print are thought to convey a uniquely Jordanian heritage.
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Mikulich, M. U. "“From the depths of the native land...” (Unknown poems by the West Belarusian poet Janka Malanka)." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Humanitarian Series 66, no. 3 (August 5, 2021): 343–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.29235/2524-2369-2021-66-3-343-348.
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The article analyzes the unknown poems of the West Belarusian poet, prose writer, publicist and artist Yanka Malanka (1895 – 1938). Considering the characteristic features of the creative personality of Ya. Malanka, the author notes the richness of the problem-thematic content, as well as the variety of genre-structural forms of the poet’s works, who wrote not only poetry, but also sketches, stories, fairy tales, jokes, feuilletons, political ditties, etc. others. Sincerity and warmth presupposed in them a characteristic internal mobilization and tension were supplemented by an offensive logic of thinking, lyrical ridicule was intensified by the pathos of civic spirit and patriotism, as well as humorous-satirical revealing and exposure.The leading motives and images of Ya. Malanka’s poetic creativity are revealed. At the same time, it is emphasized that a cheerful mood, categorical invectives, heightened emotionality were intensified in him by hyperbolized images and grotesque drawings. Ya. Malanka combined the accuracy of realistic reflection of phenomena and events with the peculiarities of the romantic elevation of the hero’s aspirations and impulses, lyrical spontaneity and penetration were complemented by journalistic and satirical sharpness. Attention is drawn to a certain sketchiness of the word-image of the poet, “primitive accuracy” of his ideas and thoughts, roughness of style and linguistic constructions.
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Hashim, Heba Maher Attia, and Walid Alobeid. "The Arab Girl's Pride of Her National Identity: A Reading of Suad Al-Sabah's Poetry." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 13, no. 32 (November 30, 2017): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2017.v13n32p38.
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The main aim of this paper is to show how the Arab girl as a spokesperson of her fellow young people in the Arab world is proud of her national identity and of her belonging to the Arab nation. This idea is clearly reflected in the poems written by the Arab poet Suad Al-Sabah who feels proud of her Arab nationalism whose heroes she glories and celebrates in her poetry; yet she blames her Arab people for going away from the true national ideals that were unifying them and providing them with power and authority. Therefore, her national voice breaks the silence of her Arab people urging them to go back to the roots of their Arab identity, the most effective remedy that can heal their present wounds. Proud of her belonging to the Arab nation, Al-Sabah looks for her national identity within the hopes and pains of her Arab homeland. Aware of her role as a spokesperson for the Arab nation as a whole, Al-Sabah as an Arab poet has decided to visit and examine the Arab past in order to praise and glorify the patriotism of her ancestors and reflect it in her poetry. This enthusiastic female speaker in her poems asserts her ability to achieve this task and speak with the national tongue of her Arab people, simply because she is an Arab from top to bottom as the female speaker in her poems proudly states.
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Bacalja, Robert, and Mirisa Katić. "Dječja poezija u zadarskom dječjem listu prijatelj malenih (1915. – 1917.)." Magistra Iadertina 14, no. 2 (November 16, 2020): 33–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.15291/magistra.3145.
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The paper analyzes the content of the children’s Eucharistic bulletin Prijatelj malenih, launched in Zadar in 1915 and published until 1917. The editor was a Franciscan, Hugolin Didon (supported by the Archbishop of Zadar Vinko Pulišić in the first issue), with the publishing being intended “for small clerks and clerks of the Blessed Sacrament, for young Croatian learners from Christian families of both sexes”. We interpret the literary articles on religious and educational topics signed by associates under pseudonyms: Rosanda, Anjeza, Tiehomir f…, Levina, Karla, Pere Milošev, A. Kontin and others. The collaboration of Ljubimir Jurić is emphasized, once a superintendent in Biograd, and later in Zadar at Voštarnica. He was a consistent and the most productive author of predominantly occasional children’s poetry in a religiously oriented newspaper, having also created content of instructive and entertaining character. In accordance with the instructive-oriented Catholic doctrine, many topics are discussed: the life of Jesus, the lives of saints, diligence, selflessness, patriotism, war, obedience, etc.
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Hermeston, Rod. "‘The Blaydon Races’: lads and lasses, song tradition, and the evolution of an anthem." Language and Literature: International Journal of Stylistics 20, no. 4 (November 2011): 269–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0963947011398281.
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In this article I examine the evolution of the Tyneside song, ‘The Blaydon Races’, into a local anthem, with a focus on the contribution of the plurals lads and lasses to this status. I consider the obstacles to the dialect song becoming an anthem, in particular its origins in non-respectable 19th-century music hall. Existing scholarship on 19th-century dialect song or poetry often sees such material as enhancing solidarity at the levels of class or region (Beal, 2000; Wales, 2002, 2006). Influenced by the work of Coupland (2006) and Eckert (2005), however, I posit a more fluid conception of identity within popular entertainment spaces, which may operate alongside, contribute to, or undermine categories such as class or region. I use an electronic corpus of 19th-century Tyneside song to investigate the collocation of lads in particular with Tyneside, and its role in fostering local patriotism. I also consider the pragmatic function of lads as a term of address or apostrophe to sporting heroes in song. I then examine the terms of address lads and lasses within the already intimate context of shared music hall song choruses, recalling, nevertheless, the controversies surrounding the institution. This function of lads in the chorus of ‘The Blaydon Races’, and the cultural ‘resonance’ of references to ‘lads an’ lasses’ are seen potentially to enhance solidarity from the outset. However, increasingly with locally patriotic functions, they can enhance group bonding within evolving contexts of shared singing – within the later music hall, among troops in both World Wars, and among Newcastle United football supporters.
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Romanova, Natalya. "Reprezentation of emotions in the texts of «Younger Edda»." Vìsnik Marìupolʹsʹkogo deržavnogo unìversitetu. Serìâ: Fìlologìâ 12, no. 21 (2019): 157–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.34079/2226-3055-2019-12-21-157-165.
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The article considers the emotions of Icelandic ethnic group of the first half of the 18th century. Its poetic vision is presented in the collection of skaldic poems by Snorre Sturluson «Younger Edda». The Skaldic verses were created by some experienced, famous Norwegian and Icelandic skalds, dedicated not so much to a king or a military leader as to his feuds in order to satisfy young skalds’ need for knowledge. This poetry is equated with mastery, it is both transparent and difficult to understand, simple and tricky, it reports only facts, albeit in an incomplete volume and not very clearly. The facts record peacefulness, tolerance, judiciousness, thrift, decency, patriotism, a passion for power, honors, wealth, pomp and crowded feasts, as well as cowardice, indecision, inconstancy, superficial feelings, deceit, enmity, aggression, cruelty, anger, cowardice. For a song of praise, the skald could receive from the hero both a reward, for example, weapons (sword, shield), uniforms (chain mail), and exile or violent death. From some other skalds, one could hear constructive criticism, and even ridicule. Structurally, «Younger Edda» consists of three parts, which are very different from each other in form and content: «Prologue», «Vision of the Gulvi», «Language of Poetry». The fourth part – «List of sizes» – unfortunately, has not been translated into Russian. The status of emotions - highlighted «Christian» and «pagan» ones – is defined only for the first and second parts. «Christian emotions» are objectified by lexical (emotive, emotive-evaluative vocabulary), phraseological (idioms), syntactic (part of a sentence, complex sentences) means and stylistic techniques (word order, hyperbole, comparison), verbalization of «pagan emotions» provide phraseological (variant idioms, turns), lexical (connotative, emotive-evaluative, emotive, emotional, stylistically colored vocabulary), syntactic (simple, complex (hypotaxis, parataxis), complicated sentences), with supersentence (saying) units, proper names (hydronyms, theonyms, zoonyms, mifonimys, hrononimys, pragmatonimys, hrematonimys) and stylistic devices (metaphor, simile, hyperbole, sarcasm, quasi-rhetorical question, repetition, anaphora, transfer). The ambivalence and philosophical nature of «Christian emotions», based on human cognitive activity and magic, the unique mythological and poetic nature of «pagan emotions», focused on natural phenomena of the surrounding world, wild and sacred animals, wild animals, and sacral animals, are revealed. The authors examine the corpus of «Christian emotions and their variants» including wonder, happiness, passion, sympathy, respect, doubt, greed, disrespect, unwillingness, distrust, superficiality and «pagan emotions and their variants», namely: interest, love, laughter, fun, pleasant, anger, rage, anger, aggression, sarcasm, hatred, revenge, fear, misery, unpleasant, not fear, shame.
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Wechselblatt, Martin. "Dustin Giffin. Patriotism and Poetry in Eighteenth-Century Britain. New York: Cambridge University Press. 2002. Pp. X, 316. $60.00. ISBN 0-521-81118-X." Albion 35, no. 3 (2003): 494–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4054094.
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Раджабов, Бохир Мукаммилович. "PECULIARITIES OF LOIK SHERALI’S LITERARY CRITIQUE." Bulletin of the Chuvash State Pedagogical University named after I Y Yakovlev, no. 4(109) (January 26, 2021): 114–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.37972/chgpu.2020.109.4.013.
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В статье предпринимается попытка определения направлений и особенностей литературной критики таджикского поэта Лоика Шерали, который начиная со второй половины 60-х годов ХХ века до конца своей творческой деятельности, кроме поэтических произведений, написал около 150 критических и публицистических работ - статей, рецензий, интервью, выступлений, вступительных слов, предисловий, писем, послесловий и т.п., подтверждающих его значительное место в литературно-критической публицистике и литературной критике. Благодаря своей деятельности в качестве публициста, критика, историка и социолога Л. Шерали завоевал особое место не только в поэзии, но и в литературоведении, лингвистике, публицистике и литературной критике. Основными методами исследования послужили историко-сравнительный анализ материалов и описательный метод. Материал исследования составили сборники научно-публицистических статей Л. Шерали, публицистические произведения и литературно-критические статьи его современников.Размышляя над проблемами художественной литературы и литературной критики, Лоик Шерали акцентирует внимание на роли поэта и назначении поэзии, особенно с учетом социально-политических условий. В статьях Л. Шерали значительное место занимает критика творчества начинающих поэтов. В своих рассуждениях он настаивает на необходимости искусного владения языком, эрудированности, знания творчества классиков и правил сочинения стихов, законов аруза, метрики, логики, средств художественного выражения и т.п. В его критических произведениях прослеживаются социальные мотивы, отражаются проблемы национальных традиций и родного языка, имеют место проявление патриотизма и обращение к исторической теме, а также осмысляются вопросы литературных взаимосвязей и перевода. The author of the article makes an attempt to determine the streamlines and peculiarities of literary criticism of the Tajik poet Loik Sherali, who had written (besides poetic works) about 150 critical and publicistic literary works (articles, reviews, interviews, speeches, welcoming remarks, prefaces, letters, epilogues, etc.) since the late 60s of the 20th century to the end of his career, thus, confirming his significant place in literary critical journalism and literary criticism, in general. Owing to his activity as a publicist, critic, historian and sociologist, Sherali holds a special place not only in poetry, but in literary criticism, linguistics, journalism and literary criticism.The main research method is a comparative-historical analysis of materials as well as a descriptive one. The research material was compiled by the collections of L. Sherali's scientific-journalistic articles, his contemporaries’ publicistic works and literary critical articles. Reflecting on the problems beset with belles-lettres literature and literary criticism, Loik Sherali pays his particular attention to the poet’s role and his poetry target taking into consideration socio-political conditions. Criticism of the works of novice poets occupies a significant place in L. Sherali’s articles. Sherali insists on the need for erudition, knowledge of the classics and the rules for composing poetry, the laws of aruz, metrics, logic, means of artistic expression, language, etc. in his reasoning. The influence of social motives and the problems of national traditions and the native language, manifestation of patriotism, an appeal to a historical theme are reflected in his critical literary works. The issues in regard to literary interrelations and translation are taken into account as well.
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Vrcić-Mataija, Sanja, and Jasminka Troha. "Zavičajnost u hrvatskoj dječjoj književnosti." Magistra Iadertina 11, no. 1 (November 8, 2017): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.15291/magistra.1331.
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The paper interprets selected genre of diverse texts that belong to Croatian children′s literature connected by the theme of indigeneity. The concept of indigeneity, characterized by linguistic-stylistic features, prominent emotionality and desire for the awareness of indigenous identity (language, landscape, customs, history) could be read to children recipients from children′s poetry, picture books, topologically diverse stories and tales. Literary theory and culture analysis have identified the importance of native and regional identity based on knowing and promoting native values and patriotism. Motive-related, linguistic, compositional and stylistic differences have been noticed in selected writings, all based on the genre specifics. In their literary texts authors mostly use autobiographical discourse of their own childhood and life experience connected to their homeland. Besides the narrative realism resulting from the projection of one's own childhood, a significant interference of the elements of fairy-tales, as well as the need of mythical vision of the homeland have been noticed. Indigenous themes are usually realized through spatial topophilia: from emotional description of rural and urban localities, through historical digressions, to the narration about important persons whose life and work have become recognizable parts of the homeland identity and cultural heritage of a particular region. Linguistically, some of the literary texts are written in standard language, while others use dialects, regional and local speech as a means of determining the affiliation with a particular region and promoting the preservation of native dialectological values.
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Adil qızı Kazımova, Gülnarə. "Glorifying of the patriotic and international ideas in Nizami Ganjevi's poems." SCIENTIFIC WORK 65, no. 04 (April 21, 2021): 109–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.36719/2663-4619/65/109-111.
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The article deals with the glorifying of the patriotism in N.Ganjevi's creation.The poet's works are analysed just from this standpoint. It is emphasized that Nizami as one of the most progressive thinkers of that period who loved sincerely the picturesque towns, flowering fields, meadows, mountains with snow-white peaks of his native country spoke about the necessity of its defence from the foreign invaders. In the poet's opinion the place a person was born and grew up in is the dearest for him. Nizami believing in his poetic power hoped to glorify his motherland and expressed all his feelings in his works. Key words: poet, patriotism, motherland, idea, international, poem
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Artemenko, Inna. "The motif of personal resistance in the dramatic interpretation of the Revolution of Dignity." Synopsis: Text Context Media 26, no. 2 (2020): 24–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.28925/2311-259x.2020.2.2.
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The Subject of the study is personal resistance, which occupies an important place among the objects of philosophical understanding. Therefore, its implementation in fiction, especially in the Ukrainian drama of the last decade, is quite relevant. The Revolution of Dignity has made its adjustments in understanding the motives of resistance, compared to previous revolutions and coups, because that experience took place with completely different information and technical capabilities, and they are important for the organization of people. In addition, the motive of resistance has its own tradition in Ukrainian literature, consisting of works by Taras Shevchenko, poets of “Visnyk”, sixtiers, and dissidents. However, it is mainly journalism and poetry. A new wave of Ukrainian resistance poured into literature. But it is especially important to study the motive of resistance in the dramatic sense, because it is a somewhat new experience. Any resistance movement has a number of organizational and psychological conditions under which it takes place. These conditions are reflected, if not differently, then with shifted accents in the texts of the plays. The article considers dramatic works written before, during and after the Revolution of Dignity. The aim of the article is to trace how the artistic understanding of the social causes and identity of the participant of the resistance movement has changed in the plays dedicated to the Maidan in 2013–2014 and the events taking place in Ukraine as a result of the Revolution. Special attention is paid to the formation of the image of a hero, fighter, patriot. The development of personal resistance in accordance with the described events and the time of their action are considered. Methods of plot and textual analysis, conflict studies and intertextual methods have been used to achieve the set tasks. The study is based on two anthologies of modern Ukrainian drama “Maidan. Before and after” and “Labyrinth of ice and fire”. Due to their structure, these collections allow us to consider personal resistance as a dream, as a real acting image and as a heroic, patriotic feat. Also, the article traces the literary means of creating such an image, and how these means change depending on the development of the image in the texts. All dramas create a generalized image of a Ukrainian, who has all the best qualities, impulses and views, he has high patriotism, willpower, courage, etc., and is thus the image of the Ukrainian who “lacks” the country. This is a dream hero. However, in different sections of the collections, this image changes, transforms and improves. And at the same time the motive of the participant's resistance changes. For the first time, it is traced how Ukrainian playwrights felt and understood the reasons and the course of social, including personal, resistance that led to the Revolution of Dignity. Particular attention is paid to differences in the artistic interpretation of the same motive of social and personal resistance. Also, for the first time, the connection of the resistance motive with the artistic conflicts of the plays of the collections “Maidan. Before and after” and “Labyrinth of ice and fire” is retraced. The material can be used for further in-depth research on this topic, such as the study of texts of epic genres about the Maidan and even poetry collections.