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Sachleben, Mark. "International Human Rights Treaties: Understanding Patterns of Participation and Non-Participation, 1948-2000." Oxford, Ohio : Miami University, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=miami1070910200.
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Weijts, Louisa Bernarda Maria. "Patient participation in gynaecological consultations: studying interactional patterns." Maastricht : Maastricht : Rijksuniversiteit Limburg ; University Library, Maastricht University [Host], 1993. http://arno.unimaas.nl/show.cgi?fid=5938.
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Hoekman, Annie. "Examining patterns of student participation in online discussion boards." Diss., Kansas State University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/35323.
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Doctor of Philosophy<br>Department of Educational Leadership<br>W. Franklin Spikes<br>This research examined the nature of the patterns of communication of discussion board users who were enrolled in undergraduate level online courses. For purpose of analysis, this study used Norman Fairclough’s Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) framework (1992). Data were collected from discussion board posts of eight undergraduate online courses that were offered by a small, private, religiously-affiliated, liberal arts university. An examination of these data was further informed by Garrison, Anderson, & Archer (1999) Community of Inquiry model. Using Garrison et al.’s ideas, the researcher described the nature of the interactions between students and faculty with respect to social, cognitive, and teaching presence in online discussion boards.
The findings of this research suggest that understanding the presence of social, cognitive, and teaching presence as well as the nature of the patterns of communication in the discourse is important in developing quality distance education discussion boards. More specifically, they showed that evidence of social and teaching presence was regularly present in an examination of the online discussion boards. Conversely, the data showed very few examples of cognitive presence. Based upon the findings of this research, ideas for how constituents of online education can continue with and improve upon the practices found here relative to social and teaching presence as well as how to re-envision and improve upon cognitive presence and overall-intention for discussion boards were also offered.
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Ramsey, Adam Perry Booth John A. "Contemporary patterns of democratic norms and political participation in Mexico." [Denton, Tex.] : University of North Texas, 2008. http://digital.library.unt.edu/permalink/meta-dc-9047.
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Ramsey, Adam Perry. "Contemporary Patterns of Democratic Norms and Political Participation in Mexico." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2008. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc9047/.
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Mexico's cultural norms have been the subject of repeated inquiries because democratic and authoritarian patterns appear concomitantly. However, few have focused on the potential demographic and contextual sources of these divergent results. This study attempts to clarify the sources of Mexico's political culture, and then determine the extent to which these factors affect political participation. Statistical analysis of a LAPOP dataset from 2006 makes limited progress to this end. The sources of Mexican political culture remain somewhat a mystery, although some intriguing results were found. Most notably, demographic traits appear to have little influence on political culture variables and political participation rates in Mexico. In fact, political culture norms and political participation appears consistent across Mexico's infamous social and economic lines.
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Jeong, Young-Ok Kwak. "Participation patterns and barriers to participation in adult education activities among international women in Blacksburg, Va., U.S.A." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/90949.
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The purpose of this study was to identify the participation patterns, preferences, and barriers which prevent international students' wives from participating in adult education programs. To obtain the data necessary to answer the research questions posed in this study, a sample of sixty seven respondents was selected.
The results of analysis revealed that women with jobs and women with longer duration of stay in the United States are less likely to participate. The programs in which women participate frequently are unpaid English classes, YMCA programs, International club program, and paid English classes. The programs which international women prefer are unpaid English lessons by private tutors, cooking, swimming, aerobics, and unpaid English classes. Participation in English from an unpaid tutor overall is much less than the indicated preferences. It is concluded that the major barriers are cost, no child care, lack of information, fear of deficiency of communication in English, and not enough time.<br>M.S.
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de, Castro Silva Fernandes Barradas Olga Maria. "Portuguese students in London schools : patterns of participation in community language classes and patterns of educational achievement." Thesis, Goldsmiths College (University of London), 2004. http://research.gold.ac.uk/11308/.
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This study investigates the academic achievement of Portuguese students in the London borough of Lambeth according to their attendance or non-attendance at Portuguese classes. The following questions are addressed: 1- Why do parents make the commitment of taking their children to Portuguese classes? 2- What differences can we find, in terms of academic results, between Portuguese students attending mother tongue classes and those not attending? 3- What factors can be identified that contribute to students' choices to attend? The study combines both quantitative and qualitative methodologies within an ethnographic approach. Data were collected from a larger sample for quantitative analysis (a total of 166 students in years 2,6,9 and 11) and a smaller sample (28 students in years 6,9 and 11) for the ethnographic in-depth analysis. The statistical analysis of the quantitative data collected (in the form of SATs results) indicated significant differences between the end of key stage results attained by the two groups. Students attending mother tongue classes tended to achieve significantly higher results than those not attending. The data obtained in ethnographic interviews with these participants: a) contribute to a characterisation of the Portuguese community in Lambeth, allowing the recognition of issues that affect its members' inclusion in society and b) explore students' and parental views on mother tongue classes and factors affecting their decision to attend or not Portuguese classes. The intention of returning to Portugal, albeit in a distant future, coupled with a dissatisfactory view of the parents' own education were found to be critical determinants for attendance. Issues of school inclusion are also considered and the problem of Portuguese students `drop-out' during compulsory education is investigated through interviews. Social and educational factors leading to students' disaffection are identified. The results obtained in this study indicate that the attendance at Portuguese classes and the parental involvement it requires benefits both individuals and families in terms of social capital, expectations and relationships. They also lend support to existing theories on the development of bilingual children and highlight the need for continued development of the child's linguistic skills and for cognitive and academic development in their mother tongue.
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Taylor, Claire Elizabeth. "A new political world : changing patterns of participation in Athenian democracy." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.615242.
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Smith, Janeal Crane. "Patterns of One-Course Cohort Participation in Online Teacher Education Programs." ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/1865.
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Online higher education is a field that can benefit significantly from further research on innovative pedagogical methods designed to support students and decrease attrition rates. One method shown to improve engagement and retention of students in online environments is to include interactive engagement. This case study explored the patterns of students' interactions and assessment performance in an introductory teacher education one-course cohort. The study used a conceptual framework incorporating Bandura's social learning theory and Siemens' theory of connectivism. The study assessed archival data, from Adobe Connect recordings and records of competency pass rates, on the interactions and patterns of behavior between instructors and participants, and their association with the final assessment results. Data were analyzed by type and frequency of interaction, organized with NVivo software. The findings were that the pattern of understanding and applying level questions, as classified by Bloom's Revised Taxonomy, provoked the most responses, comments, and questions from the participants. Applying had the highest direct response and suggested an interpretation about online students wanting to respond to questions from instructors that prompt higher-level thinking skills and stimulate interactions. No patterns of behavior were evident between the student interactions and final assessment performance. The results indicate positive implications for social change in the role of the instructor to facilitate understanding and among participants who engage in positive learning interactions. The education profession could benefit from further research with a focus on content questioning best practices, retention methods, and the nature of social and learning interactions in online education.
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Miller, Catherine Mansfield. "Cultivating leisure, moving from arrest in habitual patterns to participation in conscious choice." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ32693.pdf.
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Chow, Kong Meng Vincent. "The impact of road-user charging on households' mobility and activity participation patterns." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.427310.
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Eley, Diann S. "Personal and environmental influences on performance and participation patterns in adolescent female runners." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.284842.
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Miller, Camille. "Patterns of Social Participation: Assessing the Long-Term Effects of Creating Social Capital." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2008. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd2587.pdf.
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Petrenchik, Theresa. "Patterns of participation in out-of-school activities among children in homeless shelters." Diss., NSUWorks, 2005. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/hpd_ot_student_dissertations/20.
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"Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, in the Occupational Therapy Department College of Allied Health and Nursing Nova Southeastern University December 2004."
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Petit, Guillaume. "Pouvoir et vouloir participer en démocratie : sociologie de l'engagement participatif : la production et la réception des offres institutionnelles de participation à l’échelle municipale." Thesis, Paris 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA01D094/document.
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Les élus locaux veulent associer les citoyens, qui veulent pouvoir être entendus et peser dans les décisions. Ces propositions résument les enjeux d'une démocratie participative, à la fois comme idéal de gouvernement et comme norme de l'action publique locale. La thèse revient sur la mise à l'épreuve de l'impératif délibératif à l'échelle municipale, depuis les années 1990. L'enquête repose sur l'analyse des conditions sociales de la production et de la réception d'offres institutionnelles de participation, dans trois communes de 20 000 habitants. Au travers d'une approche inductive et pluri-méthodologique, nous proposons une sociologie de l'engagement participatif, entre études sur la socialisation politique et sur l'action publique locale. L'attention portée aux contextes, aux acteurs et aux formats de l'offre de participation, permet d'en constater l'institutionnalisation inaboutie et les appropriations socialement situées. Nous argumentons en faveur d'une compréhension dispositionnelle et situationnelle des parcours de participation et de non-participation, pour élaborer une théorie ancrée de l'engagement participatif, entre pouvoir et vouloir. Dans ce cadre, la possibilité intermittente d'une participation réalisée ne se comprend qu'au regard d'un engagement distancié, critiqué, empêché ou évité. En toute fin, si elle est une voie d'intéressement à un intérêt local commun, l'offre de participation voit sa portée sociale et politique fondamentalement limitée par l’encastrement de la participation dans la représentation<br>This thesis studies political participation at local level and its implications for citizen engagement in public policy. Local elected representatives want to engage citizens in governance, citizens want to be heard and to influence policy making. Thus participatory democracy and deliberative imperative are considered as an ideal for government and a best practice in public action. This thesis focuses on "offers of participation" - opportunities for participation created by authorities for citizen - in French municipalities since 1990. I argue that these "offers" swing between thwart institutionalising and continuous experimenting. Empirical data are derived from the study of policies for implementing participatory democracy in three cities of 20 000 inhabitants. I discuss the social-historical anchorage of these political-administrative constructions, the effects of their various design and the social conditions of their differentiate appropriations by citizens. I suggest a grounded theory of citizen engagement based on an inductive and multi-method approach. The analytical framework is based on the concepts of social dispositions and situations, in order to determine social conditions of patterns of participation and non-participation, as both faces of a similar phenomenon. The opportunity for an effective intermittent participation can only be understood in relation with a distanced, impeached, prevented or avoided participation. "Offers of participation" are a way to mobilise citizens on a common local interest. Though, their impact is narrowed by the fact that participation is imbedded in the system of political representation
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Grillo, Alberto. "Essays in Political Economics : On the Determinants and Patterns of Voter Turnout." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020TOU10006.
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Cette thèse se compose de trois chapitres en économie politique. Le thème central qui relie les chapitres est l'analyse de la participation électorale. Le premier chapitre étudie la participation au vote et les stratégies des candidats dans un modèle de compétition politique. La motivation étique à participer au vote est mise en relation avec l'abstention motivée par l'indifférence ou l'aliénation - celle de citoyens qui se placent à la même distance de tous les candidats ou trop loin de chacun d'eux. Contrairement au théorème de l'électeur médian, les candidats s'éloignent du centre si les citoyens sont polarisés et enclins à l'aliénation. Ils proposent ainsi des politiques extrêmes pour mobiliser leurs supporters à participer. Au niveau individuel, l'analyse montre comment les électeurs peuvent partager les coûts de vote pour leur candidat, en fonction de l'intensité de leur préférence. Les résultats de statique comparée sont conformes à l’évidence empirique sur la participation électorale et sur la polarisation des électeurs et des candidats. Le deuxième chapitre est motivé par l'évidence d'un effet « bandwagon » dans les jeux de vote expérimentaux, souvent dû à un taux de participation plus élevée parmi les membres de la majorité. Cette évidence est cependant en contraste avec le modèle du vote pivot, qui prédit un taux de participation plus élevé au sein du groupe minoritaire, dû à une plus haute probabilité d'être décisif. L'article résout cette contradiction en montrant qu'un effet bandwagon peut être généré par des fonctions d'utilités concaves, ce qui rend la participation électorale plus coûteuse pour les supporters du probable perdant. L'analyse établie ainsi le rôle de l'aversion au risque comme déterminant d'un effet bandwagon. Le troisième chapitre étudie un modèle de vote dans lequel les électeurs s'intéressent à la légitimité du gouvernement formée par le groupe gagnant. Une mesure de « mandat légitime » est introduite en fonction de la marge de victoire et du taux de participation total. Le résultat principal montre que la relation entre légitimité et taux de participation peut être renversée à l'équilibre : une augmentation de l'importance de la participation peut ainsi la réduire tout en augmentant la légitimité du mandat. Cet effet est issu d'un changement de taux de participation des groupes concurrents, ce qui amène à une marge de victoire plus élevée à la majorité. Le modèle offre une justification additionnelle à un effet bandwagon, dû à une faible participation de citoyens qui ne veulent pas contribuer à la légitimité d'un gouvernement adverse<br>This thesis consists of three chapters in political economics. The central theme spanning all chapters is the analysis of voter turnout. This first chapter studies voter turnout and candidates' strategies in a spatial model of political competition. The framework combines citizens' ethical motivation to vote with abstention due to indifference and alienation, i.e. from voters equally close to the competing candidates or too far from all of them. In contrast to a median voter result, candidates diverge from the center if voters are polarized and prone to alienation, by proposing radical policies as a mobilization strategy to increase their supporters' turnout. The analysis of participation at the individual level sheds light on how ethical supporters can share the costs of voting for their candidate, depending on the intensity of their preference. Comparative statics results are in line with the empirical evidence on electoral participation and polarization of voters and candidates. The second chapter is motivated by the evidence of bandwagon effects in voting experiments, driven by higher turnout rates among the members of the majority group. This evidence is, however, in contrast with a standard pivotal voter model of electoral participation, which predicts that minority supporters should participate at a higher rate, given the higher probability of casting a pivotal vote. The model reconciles this discrepancy by showing that a bandwagon effect can be generated within the pivotal voter model by concavity in the voters' utility function, which makes electoral participation more costly for the expected loser supporters. Given the strict relationship between concavity and risk aversion, the paper establishes the role of risk aversion as a determinant of bandwagon. The third chapter studies a model of costly voting in which citizens care about the legitimate mandate of the government formed by the winning group. Such a measure of mandate depends on both the margin of victory and the total turnout rate. The main result highlights that the supposed positive relationship between turnout and mandate can be reversed in equilibrium: an increase in the relative importance of turnout for the mandate can decrease the former but increase the latter, moving the two variables in opposite directions. The mechanism at play is a shift in the relative participation of the competing groups, which yields a higher margin of victory for the majority group. The model offers an additional reason for a bandwagon effect, due to the lower participation of minority voters who do not want to increase an opposing government's mandate
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Lilley, Terry Glenn. "The collective display of war-related ribbons as symbolic participation Social patterns of engagement /." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 136 p, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1400423521&sid=8&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Sujon, Zoetanya. "New technologies and the idea of citizenship : patterns of public participation in two cases." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2010. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3017/.
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Many kinds of social, participatory and citizen oriented platforms make up today's media landscape. Many claim that open source and collaborative media change the ways we think about citizenship (Jenkins). Tim O'Reilly claims that Web 2.0 applications "have a natural architecture of participation" (2005). Yet social constructionists, feminists and sceptics caution against attributing new technologies with these kinds of natural characteristics. Drawing from the cultural history of early internet and mobile technologies, this research asks what, is meaningful about technologically specific ideas of citizenship. In order to answer this question, I draw from theories of standard and cultural citizenship; analyze a sample of technologically specific ideas of citizenship (e.g. netizenship, e-citizenship, technological citizenship, cyber citizenship); and conduct in depth empirical analysis of two case studies. Theoretically, this research synthesizes and builds upon citizenship theories beginning with T. H. Marshall and followed by cultural citizenship (e.g. Pakulski 1997; Isin and Wood 1999; Stevenson 2001; 2003). From this conceptual frame, the empirical patterns of connection are analyzed along three primary axes: membership systems; rights and obligations; and participatory strategies. Technologically specific ideas of citizenship fit well with theories of cultural citizenship and cultural rights closely resemble most of those rights that are also technologically specific such as rights to: participate, ideational and symbolic spheres, voice, to representation and to innovate. The cases are of two citizenship initiatives using internet or mobile platforms: the BBC's iCan project and Proboscis' Urban Tapestries project. While these projects emerged on the cusp of social media, both cases are early iterations of participatory media. Both cases provide insights into articulations of changing ideas of citizenship and participatory practices. Technologically specific ideas of citizenship are conditional. Project users engage different kinds of membership than producers and there is an uneven distribution of cultural rights which favours producers. As a result, users engage different and mostly shallow patterns of public participation. In contrast, producers have broader membership networks, stronger protection of rights and show more variation in deeper more collectively oriented participatory strategies. In the case of limited or partial forms of participation, findings suggest that citizenship language is used as an active manipulative strategy to centralize media organizations as dominant public sites. I argue that the characteristics of technologically specific ideas of citizenship mark a distinct moment in the history of media and citizenship; a moment characterized by the emergence of "public citizenship." The idea of public citizenship attempts to capture the ways in which technologically specific ideas of citizenship, at least in practice, involve making space for ordinary people in cultural institutions.
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Liu, Zhan. "A cross-cultural analysis of children's attitudes toward physical activity and patterns of participation." Virtual Press, 1990. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/722188.
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The purpose of this study was to examine attitudes toward physical activity and patterns of involvement among Chinese and American children. Participants were children in grades 3 and 8 in Central China (n=170) and in the Midwestern United States (n=100). Data were obtained by administering a revised inventory for children's attitudes toward physical activity (CATPA), a new CATPA inventory appropriate for grade 3, and a physical activity questionnaire. Separate 2 (Country) X 2 (Gender) X 2 (Age) MANOVAS, follow-up ANOVAs and descriptive statistics were employed to analyze the data. Unlike previous findings, this study indicated that Chinese participants have more positive attitudes toward physical activity while American participants reported more involvement in physical activity. Age and gender differences in attitudes toward physical activity were also found with younger children and girls expressing more positive attitudes. Marked gender and nationality differences in both participation patterns andphysical activity preferences were also evident. The results of the present study supported previous findings that attitude is a function of age and gender.<br>School of Physical Education
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Corver, Mark. "Patterns of young participation in higher education : a geographical analysis of England, 1994-2000." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1983/f2b77f2b-64b4-405b-a5b6-a6fe2eaae5e9.
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Sindall, Paul Adam. "Physiological demands and court-movement patterns of wheelchair tennis." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2016. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/21941.
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The wheelchair tennis evidence base has developed considerably in recent years. For those with a spinal cord injury (SCI), or severe physical impairment, tennis participation represents an opportunity for skill and motor development, and potential for disease risk reduction (Abel et al., 2008). However, as a complex series of technical, tactical and physical elements are implicated, participation for novice, developmental or low-skill players can be challenging. Hence, extension of the evidence base to consider the responses of such groups during play is of considerable value. Initial experimental studies in this thesis investigated the validity, reliability and applicability of instrumentation for the assessment of wheelchair tennis court-movement. Comparisons were made between a global positioning system (GPS) and the data logger (DL) device (Study 1). GPS underestimated criterion distance in tennis-specific drills and reported lower match-play values than the DL. In contrast, DL placed on the outside wheel offered an accurate representation of distance. However, underestimations for DL were revealed at speeds > 2.50 m·s-1 during treadmill testing. Consequently, Study 2 extended this work with consideration of DL applicability for wheelchair tennis match-play. Examination of speed profiles revealed that time spent below the threshold for accuracy was trivial, confirming DL applicability for court-movement assessment. Further between-group comparisons for rank [highly-ranked (HIGH), low-ranked (LOW)], sex (male, female) and format (singles, doubles) revealed that LOW were stationary for longer than HIGH and spent more time at low propulsion speeds. Time in higher speed zones was greatest for HIGH and doubles players. Between-group differences (rank) were further scrutinised in Study 3 with attention paid to describing the physiological response of competitive match-play aligned to court-movement. Set outcome (result) was also examined. Independent of result, HIGH covered greater overall, forwards, reverse and forwards-to-reverse distances than LOW. Interestingly, HIGH winners covered greater distances than HIGH losers and had a higher mean average and minimum heart rate (HR) than LOW winners. In contrast, LOW losers had a higher mean average and mean minimum HR than LOW winners. Collectively, these outcomes suggest an enhanced ability for HIGH to respond to ball movement and the physiological and skill challenges of match-play. While this thesis confirmed that the activity duration and playing intensity is sufficient to confer health-related effects (Study 3), differences identified for rank suggested that strategies to 4 enable performance improvements in LOW were merited. The International Tennis Federation (ITF) has suggested that all starter players should be able to serve, rally and score from their first lesson (ITF, 2007). The reality however, is that chair propulsion whilst holding a racket is complex, and therefore, tennis play is challenging for novice and developmental players. Hence, the remainder of experimental work focused on interventions to enable increased court-movement and development of wheelchair tennis-specific court-mobility for LOW. The ITF have endorsed the use of a low-compression ball (LCB) for novices. An LCB bounces lower and moves more slowly through the air than a standard-compression ball (SCB). Novel findings from Study 4 revealed that greater total and forwards distances, greater average speeds and less time stationary result from use of the LCB. Increased movement activity occurred without associated increases in physiological cost, but was considered advantageous, with players adopting stronger positions for shot-play. Further examination of the linkage between movement and physiological variables were explored in the final experimental investigation (Study 5). A short period of organised practice enabled higher overall and forwards distances, and peak and average speeds to be achieved during match-play, without associated increases in physiological cost. Changes were desirable and represented enhanced court-mobility and mechanical efficiency (ME). Wheelchair tennis players were also more self-confident in tennis-specific chair-mobility, post-practice. The racket was a constraint, with lower distances and speeds, and a lower peak physiological response, achieved during tennis practice completed with a racket. This thesis advocates the use of an LCB and a short period of pre-match court-mobility practice for the novice wheelchair tennis player. Collectively, these interventions are likely to prompt greater court-movement enabling better court-positioning, develop confidence in court-mobility and shot-play, develop competence in racket handling whilst pushing, and enhancing ME. These characteristics are likely to enable participation with the likely inference being that greater competence, skill and self-confidence promotes greater enjoyment and therefore enhances longer-term compliance. This is of considerable practical significance given that tennis typically attracts new players to the game, but is less successful at retaining them (ITF, 2007).
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Aycock, Katherine Anderson Laura. "GEOGRAPHIC PATTERNS OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION PARTICIPATION AND BMI PERCENTILES: HAVE LEGAL MANDATES MADE A DIFFERENCE?" [Greenville, N.C.] : East Carolina University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10342/2683.
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McDonald, Paula K. "Mapping Patterns and Perceptions of Maternal Labour Force Participation: Influences, Trade-offs and Policy Implications." Queensland University of Technology, 2003. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/15821/.
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This thesis investigated patterns in, and perceptions of, labour force participation (LFP) amongst a group of mothers with dependent children. A mixed-methods (i.e. questionnaires, interviews and documentary evidence), single case study approach involving a series of three studies, was utilised, involving employees and ex-employees from the Queensland University of Technology. Using questionnaire data (N = 283), Study One explored the predictive value of seven structural (age of youngest child, education, childcare costs, wages, partner's income, number of children and social security payments) and four attitudinal (attitudes towards working mothers, sex-role attitudes, attitudes towards exclusive maternal care and career salience) factors, in a hierarchical logistic regression model using full-time / part-time work status as the dependent variable. Associations between these factors and hours worked, were also tested for a sub-sample of women with under school aged children (N = 112). Results showed that the factors leading to greater LFP for both samples were having older children, less access to social security payments and more liberal attitudes towards working mothers. Lower levels of partner's income also predicted full-time status for the larger sample and more liberal attitudes towards exclusive maternal care was associated with hours worked for women with under school aged children. Study Two explored the way in which women with under school aged children describe the influences, benefits and trade-offs associated with their LFP decisions. Analysis of data from interviews with a sub-sample of women from Study One, indicated four major categories of issues influenced LFP decisions and/or contributed to benefits or trade-offs following on from those decisions. These categories included financial issues, personal independence, work-related issues and value of maternal care. The salience of this issues varied across groups of at-home, part-time and full-time working mothers. The most important consideration for at-home women was the emphasis on caring for their children themselves, as opposed to using familial or formal childcare. Part-time women appeared to be the most satisfied with their work and parenting arrangements, because they could fulfil their roles as wives and mothers, but also benefit from spending autonomy and competence, by engaging in paid work. Full-time women reported greater opportunities in the workplace than part-time women, although they experienced substantial ambivalence about their full-time status. This conflict was ameliorated by the availability of flexible work and when partner's had reduced working hours. Based on the salience of work-related factors reported in Study Two, Study Three explored the degree of consistency between the espoused values evident in organisational work-family policy documentation and women's reported experiences of these policies (N = 24). For example, options such as flexible work arrangements and part-time work appear to promote values related to balance and integration of the work and family spheres. However, interview data suggests women's experiences of part-time work were inconsistent with assumptions about job commitment and career progression. The research extends the current understanding of the range of variables that influence maternal LFP and the processes by which LFP decisions are made. The findings are interpreted in light of a number of existing theoretical perspectives, as well as suggesting a preliminary model of decision-making that could be tested in other groups of women in future studies. The current research may also inform public policy on issues such as childcare and social security allowances and organisational human resource policy in terms of the implementation of work-family options.
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Crabtree, Lisa. "Social participation patterns and preferences : a mixed methods study of children on the autism spectrum." Diss., NSUWorks, 2009. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/hpd_ot_student_dissertations/14.
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May 2009.
"Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Occupational Therapy Department, College of Allied Health and Nursing, Nova Southeastern University."
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Printy, Susan M. "Communities of practice : participation patterns and professional impact for high school mathematics and science teachers." The Ohio State University, 2002. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1300291761.
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Passewitz, Gregory R. "Social Exchange Theory and Volunteer Organizations: Patterns of Participation in Four Environmental/Natural Resource Organizations." The Ohio State University, 1991. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1392653996.
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Hernando, Rodríguez Julio César 1988. "Sickness absence trajectories and its relationship with prior Labour Market Participation patterns : a life course approach." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/670310.
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Background: Previous studies have focused on analysing specific labour market
situations and their relationship with sickness absence (SA). However, little is known
about the relationship between mobility between different employment status and the
course of future SA with a life course perspective.
Methods: A cohort study of Spanish affiliated workers, residents of Catalonia, who
accumulated SA days during 2012-2014 (objective 1) or more than 15 SA days in the
same period (objectives 2 and 3). We applied sequence and cluster analysis to identify
patterns of labour market participation (LMP) and latent class growth models to identify
SA trajectories. Finally, we applied multinomial logistic regression models to assess the
relationship between LMP patterns and SA trajectories.
Results: SA trajectories were not related to prior ten-year LMP patterns, except in men
from the early working life stage, where an increasing employment pattern was associated
with a lower risk for increased days on SA over time. Nevertheless, considering two-year
LMP patterns, we found associations with SA trajectories in women of the early and
middle stage of working life. The former had U-shaped employment patterns that were
negatively associated with increasing SA trajectories, while the latter had increasing
employment patterns and patterns without coverage that were positively associated with
increasing SA trajectories.
Conclusion: Knowing the evolution of transitions between employment status close to
SA could provide useful information to prevent specific SA courses in the future.<br>Antecedentes: Estudios previos se han enfocado en analizar situaciones del mercado
laboral específicas y su relación con la incapacidad temporal (IT). Sin embargo, se sabe
poco sobre la relación entre la movilidad entre diferentes situaciones de empleo y el curso
futuro de la IT con una perspectiva de curso de vida.
Métodos: Un estudio de cohorte de personas afiliadas españolas, residentes en Cataluña,
que acumularon días en IT durante 2012-2014 (objetivo 1) o más de 15 días en IT en el
mismo período (objetivos 2 y 3). Aplicamos análisis de secuencia y de agrupamiento para
identificar patrones de participación en el mercado laboral (PML) y modelos de
crecimiento de clases latentes para identificar trayectorias de IT. Finalmente, aplicamos
modelos de regresión logística multinomial para evaluar la relación entre los patrones de
PML y las trayectorias de IT.
Resultados: Las trayectorias de IT no estaban relacionadas con diez años de PML previa,
excepto en hombres de la etapa de vida laboral temprana, donde un patrón de empleo
creciente se asocia con un menor riesgo de acumular más días en IT en el tiempo. Sin
embargo, considerando dos años previos de PML se encontraron asociaciones con el
curso futuro de la IT en mujeres de la etapa temprana y media de la vida laboral. Las
primeras tenían patrones de empleo en forma de U que se asociaban negativamente con
trayectorias de IT crecientes, mientras que las últimas tenían patrones de empleo creciente
y sin cobertura que se asociaban positivamente con trayectorias de IT crecientes.
Conclusión: Conocer la evolución de las transiciones entre situaciones de empleo
cercanas a la IT podría proveer información útil para prevenir cursos específicos de IT en
el futuro
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Paragas, Fernando. "Eccentric Networks: Patterns of Interpersonal Communication, Organizational Participation, and Mass Media Use Among Overseas Filipino Workers." Ohio : Ohio University, 2006. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1147119861.
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Hawkey, Colleen. "Patterns of participation, modes of exclusion : undergraduate students’ experience of community at a research-intensive university." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape3/PQDD_0016/NQ56557.pdf.
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Pearson, Ian. "Power and participation in a general union : patterns of organisation and democracy in three GMB regions." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1987. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/3635/.
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This study is about the organisation and government of the General Municipal and Boilermakers' from 1970 to 1985. Its focus is, as far as is known, unique in that it concentrates primarily on government at the regional level, examining the GMB's Birmingham, Liverpool and Northern regions. Rather than focusing explicitly on the policy issues related to recent legislation, it analyses the wider issues of power and participation relevant to the debate on union democracy. The thesis adopts an eclectic approach to union democracy, synthesising previous approaches within the framework of the vertical and horizontal dispersion of decision making developed by Undy et al, which is given a prescriptive dimension. The regional focus, and secondary focuses on intervening variables within the framework, are principally examined through conducting structured interviews with members and officers at all levels of the union. The research work is divided into four chapters, which follow chapters reviewing the literature and presenting the research focus, and giving an historical overview of the union up until the research period commences. The first examines the national level changes since 1970 and membership participation in the national political system. The other three chapters have a specific regional focus analysing regional variations in membership growth and participation at the local level; the locus of regional power and variations in participation in regional government; and membership participation in collective bargaining. The research contributes to knowledge of trade union government at the regional level; an almost completely explored and, it is argued, an important area which requires further research. It demonstrates the significant extent of regional variations within a single union and shows how these have led to markedly different levels of membership participation in decision making structures in the three regions. It shows that the commonly held view that GMB regional secretaries are barons of their own area is misplaced, noting constraints which prevent oligarchic domination of regions. It also highlights the pervasive, but long since neglected, influence of union constitutional provisions as a factor affecting union democracy. Finally, it suggests that the eclectic framework could be usefully adopted by future contributions to union democracy research.
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Wies, Jennifer Rose. "THE CHANGING RELATIONSHIPS OF WOMEN HELPING WOMEN: PATTERNS AND TRENDS IN DOMESTIC VIOLENCE ADVOCACY." Lexington, Ky. : [University of Kentucky Libraries], 2006. http://lib.uky.edu/ETD/ukyanth2006d00531/JRWIES.pdf.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Kentucky, 2006.<br>Title from document title page (viewed on January 24, 2007). Document formatted into pages; contains: vii, 237 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract and vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 211-232).
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Cao, Ge. "Patterns of adolescent-parent conflicts over schoolwork in Chinese families." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2019. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_oa/697.
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According to previous studies, schoolwork is the major source of adolescent-parent conflicts in Mainland China. Adolescents' personal reasoning over schoolwork conflicts reveals their desire for achieving autonomy in schoolwork. Meanwhile, their avoiding and obeying conflict resolution strategies co-exist with self-assertion. Parental psychological control is found among Mainland Chinese parents in the situations about offspring's schoolwork, which has detrimental effects on children's autonomy development. With the theoretical underpinnings of social domain theory, ecological systems theory, self-determination theory and family systems theory, the present study aims to examine the patterns of adolescent-parent conflicts over schoolwork in Ningxia of Mainland China, and explore the role of parental psychological control and the development of teenagers' autonomy in schoolwork conflicts. This study adopted grounded theory approach. Convenience and snowball sampling were conducted at the initial stage of sampling while purposeful and conceptual sampling were adopted to develop the grounded theory. There were 63 parents and teenagers participating in the present research. Specifically, 28 parents and 35 adolescents joined in this research. Data was collected through semi-structured individual interview and joint interview. Coping coding, axial coding and selective coding were used to analyze data. A grounded theory on patterns of conflicts over schoolwork, as well as parental psychological control and teenagers' autonomy revealed in schoolwork conflicts is developed in this study. Adolescents' reasoning about adolescent-parent conflicts over schoolwork is reactive to parental expectation and investment. Their resolution strategies in schoolwork conflicts also respond to parents' strategies in the process of conflict resolution. Psychological control is revealed in parents' conflict resolution strategies, which brings controlled motivation revealed in children's reasoning about schoolwork conflicts. Controlled motivation discourages the development of adolescents' autonomy over schoolwork. Contributions are made to fill up the gaps of adolescent-parent conflicts over schoolwork in Chinese families, as well as the advancement of adolescents' autonomy development in the context of adolescent-parent conflicts over schoolwork in Chinese families
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Bendig, Mirko [Verfasser]. "Empirical Analysis of Participation Patterns in Microfinancial Markets : The Cases of Ghana and Sri Lanka / Mirko Bendig." Frankfurt : Peter Lang GmbH, Internationaler Verlag der Wissenschaften, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1042423997/34.
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Ortiz-Castillo, Esther María. "Physical Activity Patterns and Factors Influencing Physical Activity Participation among Adolescents with Physical Disabilities in Urban Communities." The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1313424343.
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Siouta, Eleni. "Communication Patterns in Consultations Between Patients with Atrial Fibrillation and Health Professionals." Licentiate thesis, Hälsohögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, HHJ. Kvalitetsförbättring och ledarskap inom hälsa och välfärd, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-19834.
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Background Patients’ preferences, needs and desires are important when discussing treatment. In consultations between patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and health professionals, knowledge, understanding and insight about communication patterns are of vital importance for strengthening patient involvement in decision-making about their care and treatment. Aim The general aim of this thesis was to describe communication patterns in consultations between patients with AF and health professionals. Specific aims (1) To describe (i) the topics patients with AF and their nurses and physicians discuss; (ii) the use of discursive space in consultations between these participants; and (iii) the frequencies with which patients and nurses/physicians introduce the identified topics. (2) To describe the types of patient resistance to accepting treatment with warfarin and how cardiologists respond to such resistance. Methods An inductive design was used. In study I, the sample consisted of 23 consultations between patients with AF (13 women and 10 men) and health professionals (5 women and 5 men) who were employed in six different cardiologic outpatient clinics. Content analysis was used to obtain a description of topics discussed. The patterns of dominance for the various topics and participant were explored from the framework of an analysis of dominance (I). In study II, the sample consisted of 11 consultations between patients with AF (7 women and 4 men) and cardiologists (2 women and 3 men). Conversation analysis was used to describe interactions concerning resistance to treatment with warfarin. Findings Study I. Four topics were introduced by both nurses and physicians during the consultations. These were “pathophysiology”, “treatment”, “diagnostic procedures”, and “activity”. In the nurse–patient consultations an additional topic, “routines related to the physician’s responsibilities”, emerged. With respect to the number of words and turns, the distribution of the discourse space was almost equal between nurses and patients, and unequal between physicians and patients. The patients were the dominant initiators of the topic “activity”, which refers to adaptation of activities in daily life in relation to AF. Study II. There were four types of patient resistance to accepting treatment with warfarin. These included “Giving reasons for their resistance”, “Suggesting other treatment options”, “Stating treatment preferences” and “Questioning or challenging the cardiologist’s treatment recommendations”. The cardiologists’ responses to the patients’ resistance included “Repeating the treatment recommendation”, “Negotiation with the patient”, “Providing additional information about the recommended treatment” and “Extending their explanation of the purpose of the treatment”. Conclusions The medical-driven agenda dominated over the patient-driven agenda in consultations between health care professionals and patients with AF. During conversations in consultations with nurses, the patients initiated discussion of living with AF and were more talkative than they were with physicians. An awareness of types of patient resistance to treatment would enable cardiologists to consider patients’ experience-based views about their treatment;
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Simmons, Anne Harris. "The Association Between Selected Health Characteristics and Participation in Learning Projects by Retired Educators." Thesis, North Texas State University, 1985. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc332340/.
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This study identified the number of learning projects undertaken by thirty-eight retired educators and examined the extent to which these experiences were associated with the body weight and the exercise patterns of the subjects. A list of 1091 names of retired educators was obtained and 400 names were randomly selected to receive a brief survey seeking responses to demographic, personal and miscellaneous questions relating to their efforts to continue to pursue learning. Interviews were arranged with thirty-eight subjects who met established criteria. The 19 8 3 Metropolitan Height and Weight Tables were used to estimate weight characteristics and a probe sheet was designed to identify the number of hours spent exercising in activities vigorous enough to increase heart beat. In-depth interviews were conducted by the investigator using the questions from Tough's Interview Schedule for Studying Some Basic Characteristics of Learning Projects, and the probe sheet designed by the investigator. The interviews focused on the efforts to continue learning during the past twelve months and on the participation in vigorous exercise during the past twelve months. Findings were analyzed by computing t-tests for independent means and the Pearson product moment method of correlation. Comparisons of the results from this study were made with the results from two previous studies, "The Older Adult and Learning," by Roger Hiemstra, ancj "A Comparative Study of Professionally Related Learning Projects of Secondary School Teachers," by N. E. Kelly. The results of this study indicate that much learning is continued past retirement and that all learning is not focused on self; some relate to the needs of the community and of churches. The data supports Hiemstra's premise that health related obstacles diminish learning activity. The Theory that older adults pursue less learning than young adults was not supported by this study.
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Woodman, Edward Charles. "Patterns of participation in alcohol and other drug education/prevention programs among students in grades six through twelve /." The Ohio State University, 1993. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487848891511517.
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Hilton, Claudia. "Relationship of motor skills and social skills to out-of-school activity participation patterns in children with Asberger Syndrome." Diss., NSUWorks, 2006. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/hpd_ot_student_dissertations/19.
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"Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Occupational Therapy Department, College of Allied Health and Nursing, Nova Southeastern University"
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Stone, Roy Charles. "Does the homogenous classroom setting perpetuate masculine conversational participation patterns : Aspects of gender identity examined in the homogenous classroom setting." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för pedagogik, didaktik och utbildningsstudier, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-176162.
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Drawing on a Norwegian empirical study of girls’ and boys’ teacher-led classroom conversation participation, this paper focuses on how students attending an upper secondary school vocational programs, participate in classroom discussion when observed in homogenous groups. This quantitative study has shown that gender identities associated with heterogeneous conversational patterns as exaggerated when observing homogenous classroom participation. The discussion describes not only the influences of class and peer group pressure to explain this phenomenon, in addition clarifies the contextual difference in quality when girls take the floor in a homogenous classroom setting.
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Normore, Alison M. F. "Exploring patterns and correlates of social participation in a low-income neighbourhood, impacts of a community-based primary prevention project." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0006/NQ43269.pdf.
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Raha, Debadayita. "Dynamics of gender and participation patterns within rural development policy implementation : case studies of public private partnerships from two districts, India." Thesis, University of Reading, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.590144.
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The three mains concepts in this research were participation, gender relations and governance, producing the main research question: how was PPP initiatives achieving the objectives of women's partcipation and changing the lives of women? Government of India's neo-liberal strategies included implementation of developmental policies in collaboration with the private sector and/or non-state actors. These institutional linkages, known as Public Private Partnerships (PPP), established collaborative roles and responsibilities for policy initiatives. Originally engaged in policies pertaining to the infrastructure and healthcare sectors, recent PPP initiatives were increasingly utilised for developmental policies in the social sector. Another neo-liberal strategy has been engaging in policy implementation through a gender mainstreaming approach. This approach recognises the differential impact policy implementation has on men and women within the community. Using a case study approach, two PPP initiatives were explored, in Bhilwara District of Rajasthan (North-Western State of India) and Puri District of Orissa (coastal Eastern State). The conceptual framework established a scalar dimension for understanding (1) the interaction between policy implementation and contextual institutions effecting women's participation; (2) the combination of PPP structures with intra-household dynamics was creating opportunities for women; and (3) role of everyday state implementing PPP impacting changes in women's lives. A multi-disciplinary methodological approach applied both quantitative and qualitative participatory data collection tools including Focus Group Discussions and Semi-structured Interviews. Data was collected from men and women participants and non-participants in the activities of the PPP initiatives, and from key actors in the public and private institutions. The study established that women's participation was influenced by formal and informal governance structures determining entitlement to resources, and the relative adaptability of men and women to change. Secondly, there was a gap between policy intentions or rhetoric, and policy implementation in tenns of changes in intra-household gender relations. Thirdly, for PPP initiatives within rural India's traditional patriarchal contexts, policy implementation initiatives must construe contextual detenninants, seeking to effectively combine both women-only and gendered approaches. This would make women active participants in certain activities giving them the confidence to transform their traditional subservient roles as passive participants and become active participants within the patriarchal domain. In conclusion, the patriarchal context required gender main streaming approaches conjoining gender neutral activities with women only initiatives to encourage women to engage in activities related to policy implementation. PPP initiatives as vehicles of policy implementation require being redefined as not merely 'partnerships' between the 'public' and 'private', but as 'partnerships' between 'public'; 'private' and the 'people'. The inclusion of this fourth 'P' would determine the effectiveness of PPPs by engaging both men and women, thereby recognising gender dynamics (interaction and inter-relations) improving women's access and participation in policy initiatives.
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Gisgård, Hannah. "The Lifelong Consequences of Protesting : A Longitudinal Analysis of the Gendered and Intergenerational Effects of Protest Participation on Individuals’ Life-Course Patterns." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-432850.
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Protesting is a common tactic used by social movements and the outcomes are widely researched in social movement studies. This thesis examines the biographical consequences of protest participation on individuals’ life-course patterns from a gendered and intergenerational perspective. The study employs regression analysis and a longitudinal dataset collected from the Swedish Level of Living Survey, which includes six panel waves in total stretching from 1968 to 2010. It consists of a nationally representative sample of the Swedish population between the ages of 15–75, in which the last two panel waves include the respondents’ children in the ages of 10–18. The results show that protest participants are likely to become more educated than non- participants and that they continue to remain active in political and union activities. Further, there is evidence of gender-based differences between protesters as women do not continue to uphold the same level of involvement in political organisations in comparison to men. No support is given to the expectation that protesting will have intergenerational effects. The results show that participating in protests may have long-lasting consequences for individuals and that there seems to be gender-based differences between protesters, which might have implications for individuals’ further involvement in political activities.
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Mowell, Barry D. "Degree and Patterns of Formal NGO Participation within the United Nations Economic and Social Committee (ECOSOC): An Appraisal of NGO Consultative Status Relative to Political Pluralism." FIU Digital Commons, 2017. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3213.
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The United Nations (UN) has invested increasing levels of effort in recent decades to cultivate a more effective, diverse and democratic institutional culture via the inclusion of and interaction among international civil society organizations (CSOs) and nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) to supplement the traditional role of states as the primary transnational actors. The principle vehicle for the UN-civil society dynamic is the consultative status (CS) program within the Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC), wherein a diverse range of nearly 5,000 transnational organizations ostensibly participate.
This research examined patterns of participation and the nature/level of CSO/NGO involvement within the UN, with particular focus upon ECOSOC. In examining participation patterns, the research identified patterns related to geographical/proportional representation among developed and developing regions and world regions in general and also as related to policy/issue areas represented. In terms of involvement, the research sought to assess the types and degree of contributions being made by CSOs/NGOs in association with the UN. To address both areas, the research employed a two-prong methodology including (1) a detailed analysis of the UN’s online integrated Civil Society Organizations (iCSO) database and (2) a comprehensive survey questionnaire mailed to a randomly-selected sample of 10% of all organizations holding consultative status with UN-ECOSOC.
The findings challenge the assumption that UN association with international civil society has realized pluralist ideals in that substantial variations were found to exist in the representation of policy/issue areas, with some areas far better represented than others. Perhaps more importantly, the research revealed that only a minority of organizations in the ECOSOC-CS program appear to be actively/regularly engaged with the UN, with a large minority of CS-accredited organizations engaged only periodically or to a more limited extent, and a substantial minority not participating/interacting in any way. Rather than exemplifying pluralism within the constructivist tradition, findings imply support for liberal institutionalist theories in that decades-long expansion of IGO influence has facilitated a corollary expectation of expanding international civil society and an associated expectation of linkages between transnational governance and democratic institutions on the one hand and transnational civil society on the other as a standardized norm.
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Merrick, Meg. "Patterns of Time, Place, and Culture: Land Use Zoning in Portland, Oregon, 1918-1924." PDXScholar, 1998. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/2874.
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Until recently, few have questioned the notion that the separation of uses in land use zoning is inherently correct. Many observers of the city are now suggesting that zoning, as it has been practiced in this country over the last 80 years, has created cities that are fractured and function poorly. Others propose that zoning should be reconsidered as a remedy for urban dysfunction. They suggest that the whole notion of zoning be rethought.
The purpose of this study is to uncover some of the underlying rationales and methodologies that set the model for zoning. This study examines the rationales behind the classification and location of land use zones in a fast-growing area of Portland, Oregon, for its first zoning ordinance through history, culture, and geography.
Between 1919 and 1924, two ordinances were prepared using two very different methodologies. The first of these was designed by nationally known consultant, Charles H. Cheney, using the latest scientific methods. After its rejection in the polls, a second ordinance was developed by a prominent group of realtors in conjunction with the city planning commission using more intuitive methods. This “realtors’ code” (MacColl 1979) was approved by the Portland electorate in 1924. Some fifty years later, the Portland planning commission would identify zoning as having played a significant role in the deterioration of the Buckman neighborhood in the study area.
The comparison of the rationales and methods behind the locations of zone boundaries in both ordinances against the locations of actual uses in the study area, reveals the powerful influences of social Darwinism, laissez-faire attitudes, and newly developing social science methods on the association of zoning with the separation of uses and the land use patterns that were created.
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Petts, Richard James. "Family, Religion, and Well-Being from Adolescence to Young Adulthood: Patterns of Religious Participation and the Influence of Family and Religious Characteristics on Trajectories of Well-Being." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1214234577.
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Brooks, Frank B. "Patterns of instruction and student participation in small-group, learner-to-learner speaking opportunities in a Spanish conversation course at the college level : a social interaction perspective /." The Ohio State University, 1989. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1340906488.
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Hyde, Sara Alexandra. "Do I Date My Dance Partner: An Examination of Marital Satisfaction Among Serious Leisure Participants in Partner Dancing." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2014. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/4213.
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The purpose of this study was to compare marital satisfaction among serious leisure participants in partner dancing and their spouses based on their participation patterns in dance (both dancers or only one dancer), with covariates of spousal support, satisfaction with leisure, and leisure-family conflict. This study not only found a significant relationship between marital satisfaction and participation patterns for dancers (participating together β =.2125), but the averages for joint and individual participation patterns fell on either side of the non-distressed versus distressed cut-off score for marital satisfaction, suggesting that participation in a serious leisure activity, like partner dancing, without your spouse was associated with marital distress, and participating with your spouse can help reduce or avoid that stress. Results also suggest that it is role support felt for a specific leisure activity (in this case, dance) that was related to marital satisfaction (β =.4925), but not support felt for general leisure activities or levels of support given. Finally, retiring to bed at the same time was confirmed as an important couple ritual that positively relates to marital satisfaction (β =.1548).
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Ali, Hayat. "Towards a pattern language for e-participation processes (PL4eP)." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2010. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/towards-a-pattern-language-for-eparticipation-processes-pl4ep(d6f00776-0d5a-4f59-b748-96282386d486).html.
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The role of ICTs in political life and civic participation is now widely accepted and further validated through the massive use of social media, which has led to an increasing expectation of involvement by citizens through what is often termed e-Participation: the use of ICT to enable citizens' participation in the process of central or local governmental decision making. Increased involvement has created the need to consider the design of participatory processes beyond a single event, such as voting, towards more complex situations which may involve a series of events conducted over a period of time. However, e-Participation is a challenging system to put into operation, as there are three major problems inherent to its application: 1) the process, in which the participation process is not a single activity but a series of activities of different types and formats, such as workshops, focus groups or voting, which become more complex as the level of citizen participation increases; 2) the complexity of designing the participation processes requires skills, experience and knowledge which would require governments to hire or train skilled consultants. This would be very expensive and constrained by the availability of the resources; and 3) the difficulty of choosing the appropriate technologies from the wide range available. Choosing appropriate tools, that are both effective and accessible to citizens, will be of crucial importance to any e-Participation scheme. This research seeks to develop a structured approach to designing public participation processes based upon the concept of the pattern language to overcome complexities in the public participation process field, by combining knowledge from pattern languages for e-Business, which concerns itself with mapping from real world problems to ICT solutions, with that of Collaboration Engineering, which concerns the design of collaboration processes.The approach to addressing the above problems is based on that of Design Science Research (DSR), which provides an iterative method of problem solving. In this research, four design cycles were followed to design a PL4eP through five proposed processes of DSR: awareness of problems, suggestion, development, evaluation and conclusion. The pattern language was evaluated by experts and practitioners in the field who found that the language provides a promising design approach that is a beneficial starting point for non-experienced designers to design public participation processes. Thus, the language enables the designers to think about their scope and objectives before engaging in the participation process and shows them the choices available against their objectives through its logical topology, presented in terms of the five steps. The contribution of this research is in recognising the potential complexity of participatory processes and in bringing together aspects of two bodies of work on patterns to propose a new pattern language for designing e-Participation processes, thePL4eP. From its two viewpoints, the conceptual views in terms of layers, and the users' view in terms of the five design steps delivered through a website, the PL4eP contributes to both theory and practice.
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Schwanenberger, Laurie Anne 1958. "Nutritional patterns of pre-adolescents participating in a summer food service program." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/278616.
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This study examined the nutritional patterns of 26 preadolescents (7-10 years of age) who participated in a summer food service program and determined whether the program met one-third of their daily nutrient intake. Visual plate waste and 24-hour dietary recalls were taken on five days at three ethnically different sites. Food consumed at lunch provided more than one-third of total intake for all nutrients studied, with the exception of carbohydrate intake in girls, and carbohydrate, iron and thiamine intake in boys. Average amount of food consumed at lunch by participants exceeded one-third of the RDA for all nutrients except Kcalories and iron. Additionally, mean total Kcalories consumed over a 24-hour period by participants met only 66 percent of the RDA.
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Jonsson, Anna. "How to cook a caddie - To develop a design pattern for a participation manual." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för teknik och naturvetenskap, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-93161.
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The purpose of this study was to develop a design pattern for a manual that corresponds to the conditions of the international EU-funded Caddies project. The Caddies-project is working with issues regarding communication among inhabitants and their housing company, local cooperation and involvement of and between the inhabitants. This work is a qualitative case study. The design process is described step by step. In order to create a user-centric design, the starting point was to get to know the target group and develop a pattern based on their needs. Therefore, a fictional audience representative (a persona) is used, and a fictitious scenario about how the persona would use the manual was created. A design workshop was held early in the designers work to get an idea of what the audience is attracted to. Based on the results from the workshop, three concepts were designed and subsequently tested on the target group through interviews. The design was then developed from the interview results. The description of the design pattern is divided using the headings style and feel, layout, format, colors and fonts. It is supplemented with a sample solution that is presented visually and with text.<br>Syftet med detta examensarbete var att ta fram ett designmönster till en manual som motsvarar det internationella EU-finansierade Caddieprojektets förutsättningar. Caddie-projektet arbetar med frågor rörande kommunikation mellan boende och deras bostadsbolag samt lokalt samarbete och deltagande av och mellan de boende. Detta arbete är en kvalitativ fallstudie. Designprocessen är beskriven steg för steg. För att skapa en användarcentrerad design är utgångspunkten i arbetet att lära känna målgruppen och utveckla ett mönster utifrån deras behov. Därför har en fiktiv målgruppsrepresentant (en persona) använts och ett påhittat scenario som handlar om hur målgruppsrepresentanten skulle använda manualen har skapats. En designworkshop hölls tidigt i arbetet för att börja få en uppfattning om vad målgruppen attraheras av. Utifrån resultatet efter detta tillfälle togs tre koncept fram som i sin tur testades på målgruppen genom intervjuer. Designmönstret togs sedan fram utifrån intervjuresultat. Beskrivning av designmönstret är uppdelat under rubrikerna stil och känsla, layout, format, färger och teckensnitt. Det är kompletterat med ett exempel på lösning som presenteras visuellt samtmed text.