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Journal articles on the topic 'Paunch'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Adegunloye, Deke Victoria, and Ebunoluwa Omopariola. "Electricity Generation Potential of Cow Paunch from Abattoirs in Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria." International Journal of Advance Research and Innovation 9, no. 4 (2021): 9–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.51976/ijari.942102.

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The potential for electricity generation from cow paunch was investigated using microbial fuel cell. The cow paunch was collected from two (2) abattoirs; BOD, COD, Total Solids, Total Volatile Solids, Total Organic Carbon, pH, temperature, and electrical conductivity were evaluated. Isolation and identification of microorganisms from the cow's paunch was done. Cow paunch was used as the substrate in the anode chamber while potassium ferricyanide was used in the cathode chamber as the electron acceptor. The current and voltage generated in the set up were monitored for 21 days using a digital m

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2

Antille, Diogenes L., Bernadette K. McCabe, Wilmer Van Der Spek, and Craig P. Baillie. "An Investigation into the Fertilizer Potential of Slaughterhouse Cattle Paunch." Transactions of the ASABE 61, no. 1 (2018): 87–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/trans.12342.

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Abstract. In Australia, recycling of paunch waste to farmland has been suggested as a cost-effective and practicable environmental option, but little is known about its agronomic value. Experimental work was undertaken to assess potential risks due to weed seed contamination, determine the agronomic response of ryegrass ( L.) to soil incorporation of paunch, and investigate short-term greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Five types of paunch with compost ages between 2 and 16 weeks were compared with urea (46% N) and applied at field equivalent rates of 0 (control), 150, and 300 kg ha-1 N. The risk

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3

Chan, Clement Matthew, Darren Martin, Emilie Gauthier, Paul Jensen, Bronwyn Laycock, and Steven Pratt. "Utilisation of Paunch Waste as a Natural Fibre in Biocomposites." Polymers 14, no. 18 (2022): 3704. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14183704.

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Paunch is a fibrous solid residue consisting of partially digested feed from the stomachs of processed cattle. It is the largest untapped solid waste stream from animals at meat processing plants, and potentially a valuable source of fibres for the production of sustainable and potentially higher-value natural biocomposite materials. Paunch was obtained from the waste effluent of a red meat processing plant, and the fibre characteristics of the as-obtained material were studied and benchmarked against wood flour and ground buffel grass, with a view to evaluating the potential of paunch as a fi

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4

Miller, Ranee A., and William B. Smith. "406 Reduce Reuse Rerumen: Reduction of Eschericia coli, coliform bacteria, Enterobacteriaceae, and yeast and mold colonies in dried paunch manure." Journal of Animal Science 97, Supplement_3 (2019): 164–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skz258.338.

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Abstract The discovery of novel by-product feeds for animals, especially cattle, supports an economically viable agricultural community and enhanced stability in the United States food chain. By-products of livestock processing (in this case, paunch manure, or rumen content) could provide the tools necessary to achieve this goal. Paunch manure, the material from ruminant stomachs at the time of harvest, is a waste product of the meat industry and represents a final loss due to cost of disposal. Our objective in this study was to determine the microbial content of fresh versus dried paunch manu

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5

Gill, M. John, and Nikola J. Ostrop. "Pooch protease paunch." Lancet 353, no. 9169 (1999): 2078. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(05)77908-3.

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6

Hayden, Gene. "Canada’s “Paunch corps”." Ageing International 22, no. 3 (1995): 37–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03032533.

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7

Martin, Cyrus. "The ancestor's paunch." Current Biology 22, no. 17 (2012): R698—R702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2012.08.027.

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Garcia, Taylor J., Jeffrey A. Brady, Kimberly A. Guay, James P. Muir, and William B. Smith. "9 Reduce Reuse ReRumen: Variability in nutritive value of paunch manure." Journal of Animal Science 97, Supplement_1 (2019): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skz053.031.

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Abstract Ruminant animals develop a diverse and complex microbial ecosystem for digesting fibrous feedstuffs, but this material represents a cost to the industry when bound for rendering at harvest. Our objective was to determine the feed value of paunch manure recovered from an abattoir. Twelve paunch samples were collected from slaughtered cattle at the Tarleton State University Meat Laboratory, Stephenville, TX. Samples were dried under forced air at 55°C to a constant weight and ground to pass through 2-mm screen. A subsample was ground to 1-mm and assayed for DM, CP, and sequential NDF an

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Garcia, Taylor J., Jeffrey A. Brady, Kimberly A. Guay, James P. Muir, and William B. Smith. "175 Reduce Reuse ReRumen: Variability in nutritive value of paunch manure." Journal of Animal Science 97, Supplement_1 (2019): 55–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skz053.125.

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Abstract Ruminant animals develop a diverse and complex microbial ecosystem for digesting fibrous feedstuffs, but this material represents a cost to the industry when bound for rendering at harvest. Our objective was to determine the feed value of paunch manure recovered from an abattoir. Twelve paunch samples were collected from slaughtered cattle at the Tarleton State University Meat Laboratory, Stephenville, TX. Samples were dried under forced air at 55°C to a constant weight and ground to pass through 2-mm screen. A subsample was ground to 1-mm and assayed for DM, CP, and sequential NDF an

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10

Cuezzo, Carolina, and David A. Nickle. "A new genus and species of termites (Isoptera, Termitidae, Nasutitermitinae) from the rainforest of northern Peru." ZooKeys 159 (December 23, 2011): 1–9. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.159.2311.

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A new genus and species of nasutitermitine termites are described and illustrated, based on soldier and worker characters. <em>Sinqasapatermes </em><strong>gen. n.</strong>, can be distinguished from all other nasutitermitine genera by its singular worker gut coiling and enteric valve characters: distal margin of the enteric valve not everted into the paunch but bending towards the ileum, that is, directed against the flow of food; enteric valve armature with one ring of six equal subtriangularly-shaped ridges, each ridge with short spines on the entire surface; enteric valve armature situated

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11

Toolan, D. P., M. Sheehan, M. C. McElroy, P. Flynn, R. Weld, and M. McClure. "Congenital paunch calf syndrome in Ireland." Veterinary Record 175, no. 5 (2014): 124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vr.g4882.

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12

Aboubakar, Moussa Wari, Gratien Boni, and Placide Cledjo. "Essai D’evaluation Des Gisements De Dechets Organiques Animaux D’abattage Dans La Perspective D’une Planification De Leur Gestion Durable Dans Le Grand Nokoue Au Sud-Benin." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 14, no. 30 (2018): 477. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2018.v14n30p477.

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The slaughterhouse of Cotonou and the surfaces of slaughtering of Porto-Novo, Abomey-Calavi, Sèmè-Kpodji and Ouidah constitute sources of animal solid matter flow in Large Nokoué. Within the framework of this research, it is refers to the contents of paunches considered for their potential of valorization in the production of biogas and the compost. Then, the quantitative evaluation their layers is a contribution to the efficient use of those as resources or raw materials, for a planning of future management. The methodological approach used is centered on the document retrieval, the datagathe

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13

Mohammed, Mona Khidir, G. A. Gasmelseed, and Mohammed H. Abuuznien. "Production of Biogas from Cattle Paunch Manure." European Journal of Engineering Research and Science 4, no. 4 (2019): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejers.2019.4.4.1140.

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Slaughter house waste contains high levels of organic matter and pollutants. These pollutants can affect the ecosystem and public health negatively, to minimize the effects of these pollutants many treatments are used, one of these is biological treatment methods. In this study potential of biogas production from cattle paunch manure (stomach digestion content) was investigated using a batch process laboratory scale of liters digester size. Three replicate of total solid concentration of (5%, 7%) of cattle paunch manure were mixed with (10%v/v) inoculums with control units for each concentrati

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Mohammed, Mona Khidir, G. A. Gasmelseed, and Mohammed H. Abuuznien. "Production of Biogas from Cattle Paunch Manure." European Journal of Engineering and Technology Research 4, no. 4 (2019): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejeng.2019.4.4.1140.

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Slaughter house waste contains high levels of organic matter and pollutants. These pollutants can affect the ecosystem and public health negatively, to minimize the effects of these pollutants many treatments are used, one of these is biological treatment methods. In this study potential of biogas production from cattle paunch manure (stomach digestion content) was investigated using a batch process laboratory scale of liters digester size. Three replicate of total solid concentration of (5%, 7%) of cattle paunch manure were mixed with (10%v/v) inoculums with control units for each concentrati

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15

Banik, S., S. Naskar, P. K. Pankaj, N. R. Sahoo, M. K. Tamuli, and A. Das. "Effect of different body measurements on body weight in Ghungroo pigs." Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 82, no. 9 (2012): 1094–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v82i9.23679.

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The present investigation was carried out to study the effect of different body measurement traits on pre-weaning body weight of 264 records of Ghungroo pigs maintained at the Institute Farm of National Research Centre on Pig, Guwahati, Assam by path analysis. The result showed that maximum variability in pre-weaning body weight was explained by height at fore leg (20.98%); followed by body length (19.50%), heart girth (6.60%) and paunch girth (5.80%). Though there is high correlation of height at hind leg with body weight, but its direct effect is negative. Effect of height at shoulder is als

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16

Mehta, S. C., P. K. Vij, B. K. Joshi, R. Sahai, and A. E. Nivsarkar. "CHARACTERIZATION AND CONSERVATION OF THE MALPURA SHEEP BREED." Animal Genetic Resources Information 16 (April 1995): 75–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1014233900000523.

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SUMMARYObservations were recorded on morphological characteristics, body weights and body measurements of 344 Malpura sheep belonging to nine age groups during a survey conducted in 18 randomly selected villages of three blocks of the Chittorgarh district of Rajastha. The body weights at birth, 1, 3, 6 and 9 months and adult weight averaged 3.3, 6.7±0.88, 12.9±0.71, 16.4±0.71, 21.0±1.00 and 31.4 kg respectively. Height, body length, chest girth, paunch girth, face length, face width, tail length and ear length of adult Malpura sheep averaged 63.6, 66.8, 77.1, 80.9, 20.7, 9.8, 30.3 and 6.3 cm r

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17

Murgiano, Leonardo, Gianfranco Militerno, Fiorella Sbarra, et al. "KDM2B ‐associated paunch calf syndrome in Marchigiana cattle." Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine 34, no. 4 (2020): 1657–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jvim.15789.

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18

Costa-Leonardo, Ana Maria, and Silva Iago Bueno da. "Gut anatomy and ultrastructural features of the paunch epithelium in the Neotropical termite Serritermes serrifer (Blattaria, Isoptera, Serritermitidae)." Zoologischer Anzeiger 300 (September 30, 2022): 75–81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2022.07.004.

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Costa-Leonardo, Ana Maria, da Silva, Iago Bueno (2022): Gut anatomy and ultrastructural features of the paunch epithelium in the Neotropical termite Serritermes serrifer (Blattaria, Isoptera, Serritermitidae). Zoologischer Anzeiger 300: 75-81, DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2022.07.004, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2022.07.004

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19

Jat, Ganesh Ram, and Mahesh Datt. "A Study on Early Growth and Morphometric Parameters in Sirohi Goat Kids Born in Different Seasons." Journal of Scientific Research and Reports 31, no. 5 (2025): 857–63. https://doi.org/10.9734/jsrr/2025/v31i53081.

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Body weight in goats is a key parameter that plays a vital role in selection, feeding management, and overall health care. Thus, the present study was conducted under the Rastriya Krishi Vikas Yojana (RKVY) project at the Sirohi Goat Research Unit, S.K.N. College of Agriculture, SKNAU, Jobner, Jaipur district, Rajasthan, India. The objective was to assess the effect of birth season (autumn vs. winter) on early growth and morphometric traits of Sirohi goat kids. A total of 40 kids were monitored from birth to three months of age. Parameters recorded included body weight, body length, height at

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20

Nutsch, T. A., R. D. Hunter, and James S. Drouillard. "Dehydrated paunch and vegetable by-products for growing beef cattle." Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports, no. 1 (January 1, 1999): 99–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.4148/2378-5977.1860.

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21

Japtok, Martin. "Socialism and Ethnic Solidarity: Samuel Ornitz's Haunch, Paunch and Jowl." MELUS 24, no. 3 (1999): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/468037.

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22

Murgiano, L., C. Drögemüller, F. Sbarra, M. Bolcato, and A. Gentile. "Prevalence of paunch calf syndrome carriers in Italian Romagnola cattle." Veterinary Journal 200, no. 3 (2014): 459–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.03.020.

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23

Lawal, A. A., A. U. Dzivama, and M. K. Wasinda. "Effect of inoculum to substrate ratio on biogas production of sheep paunch manure." Research in Agricultural Engineering 62, No. 1 (2016): 8–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/30/2014-rae.

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Sheep paunch manure was anaerobically digested to study the effect of inoculum to substrate ratio on biogas production rates and accumulation. Inoculum to substrate ratios of 1.37, 2.05 and 4.1 were digested in biodigesters labelled R1, R2 and <br /> R3 respectively. Results showed that inoculum to substrate ratio had a significant effect on biogas production rates and accumulation. Biogas production rates increased to peak in the order of R3 (0.30526 Nm<sup>3</sup>/kg volatile solids (VS) days), R2 (0.15308 Nm<sup>3</sup>/kg VS d) and R1 (0.11009 Nm<sup>3&l

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Garcia, Taylor Jacob, Nichole Marie Cherry, Kimberly Ann Guay, Jeffrey Alan Brady, James Pierre Muir, and William Brandon Smith. "Nutritive Value Variation of Paunch Manure as an Alternative Feed Ingredient." Animals 11, no. 12 (2021): 3573. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11123573.

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Ruminants, which have multi-compartmented stomachs, are adapted to digest cellulosic materials, which constitute the primary expense on ranches and dairies. Industrial byproducts can be repurposed for livestock diets to decrease these costs. Therefore, finding alternative feedstuffs may benefit the economics of livestock production. The goal of this project was to evaluate the variation in nutritive value of ruminal waste as a potential feedstuff. Twelve paunch samples were collected from individual cattle across multiple harvest dates at the Tarleton State University Meat Laboratory, Stephenv

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Hedayati Marzbali, Mojtaba, Amir Saberi, Pobitra Halder, Jorge Paz-Ferreiro, Srinivasaiah Dasappa, and Kalpit Shah. "Mechanistic and kinetic study of the hydrothermal treatment of paunch waste." Chemical Engineering Research and Design 177 (January 2022): 541–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cherd.2021.11.018.

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26

Shahraki, Ahmad Reza. "Severe Head Injury with Blunt Paunch Force Trauma: A Case Report." Middle East Journal of Medical Case Reports 4, no. 03 (2024): 18–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.36348/merjmcr.2024.v04i03.002.

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A brain hemorrhage can occur in any part of the brain, can be caused by various conditions, both traumatic and non-traumatic. Nowadays, more and more teenagers are engaging in riskier sports either at school or in recreational settings. They are thus exposed to a variety of injuries including bruising or skull fractures. We report a case was a teenager 15 years' old that punched in a battle 1 hours ago and her friend bring him to hospital because of head swelling, that remains brain hematoma and Pneumocephalus for him. In head injuries caused by blunt trauma can also cause subarachnoid hemorrh

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Saverettiar, Gwenella, Dan Li, Amit Gross, and Goen Ho. "Hydrothermal Carbonization of Cattle Paunch Waste: Process Conditions and Product Characteristics." Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering 8, no. 6 (2020): 104487. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2020.104487.

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28

Vij, P. K., M. S. Tantia, and A. E. Nivsarkar. "Characteristics of Bonpala sheep." Animal Genetic Resources Information 22 (April 1997): 15–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1014233900000973.

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SummaryBonpala is a dual purpose sheep breed found in Sikkim, Western Bhutan and Eastern Nepal. A sample survey was conducted in east Sikkim to record characteristics of Bonpala sheep. Information was recorded on morphological characteristics, management practices and body measurements. Bonpala sheep have mixed colours ranging from all white, white and black or all black. Measurements were recorded of body length, height, heart girth, paunch girth, rump width, pin width, face length, face width, ear length, tail length, horn length and horn circumference.

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Abdelsalam, E., M. Samer, M. A. Abdel-Hadi, H. E. Hassan, and Y. Badr. "THE EFFECT OF BUFFALO DUNG TREATMENT WITH PAUNCH FLUID ON BIOGAS PRODUCTION." Misr Journal of Agricultural Engineering 32, no. 2 (2015): 807–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/mjae.2015.98653.

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30

Tritt, W. P., and H. Kang. "Ultimate biodegradability and decay rates of cow paunch manure under anaerobic conditions." Bioresource Technology 36, no. 2 (1991): 161–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0960-8524(91)90174-i.

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Bai, Xue, Mario Jr Rebosura, and Paul D. Jensen. "Enhanced anaerobic digestion of lignocellulosic paunch waste using potassium hydroxide pre-treatment." Bioresource Technology 425 (June 2025): 132323. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2025.132323.

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Silva, Luis F. P., Geoff W. Brown, and Peter J. James. "Nutritional Value of Black Soldier Fly Grown on Abattoir Waste." Proceedings 36, no. 1 (2020): 216. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2019036216.

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Meat processing plants generate a range of solid and liquid wastes, including manure, paunch solids, and biological solids from wastewater treatment. There is growing interest in alternative technologies for treating abattoir waste, including using insects to transform waste into high-value products. Black Soldier Fly (BSF) larvae may be a competitive source of digestible amino acids and, depending on the protein digestibility, can be used as a replacement for fish meal, soybean meal or cottonseed meal in livestock and aquaculture rations. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect

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33

Köhler, Tim, Carsten Dietrich, Rudolf H. Scheffrahn, and Andreas Brune. "High-Resolution Analysis of Gut Environment and Bacterial Microbiota Reveals Functional Compartmentation of the Gut in Wood-Feeding Higher Termites (Nasutitermes spp.)." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 78, no. 13 (2012): 4691–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00683-12.

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ABSTRACTHigher termites are characterized by a purely prokaryotic gut microbiota and an increased compartmentation of their intestinal tract. In soil-feeding species, each gut compartment has different physicochemical conditions and is colonized by a specific microbial community. Although considerable information has accumulated also for wood-feeding species of the genusNasutitermes, including cellulase activities and metagenomic data, a comprehensive study linking physicochemical gut conditions with the structure of the microbial communities in the different gut compartments is lacking. In th

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34

Santra, A., S. Parthasarathy, and S. A. Karim. "Effect of defaunation on body conformation changes, wool yield and fibre characteristics of growing lambs in a hot semiarid environment." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 47, no. 7 (2007): 789. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea05106.

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The efficacy of sodium laurel sulfate as a defaunating agent, as well as effect of defaunation on body confirmation changes, wool yield and fibre characteristics, were evaluated in growing lambs in a 90-day feeding experiment. Forty-five Malpura male weaner (90-day old) lambs were divided into three equal groups: defaunated, refaunated and faunated. The lambs of defaunated and refaunated groups were defaunated by oral administration of sodium laurel sulfate at the rate of 8 g/100 kg liveweight as a 10% aqueous solution. Six days after defaunation, all the lambs of the refaunated group were ref

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Kushwaha, B. P., Riyazuddin, R. N. Singh, and S. Parthasarathy. "Characteristics of Munjal sheep." Animal Genetic Resources Information 25 (April 1999): 27–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s101423390000345x.

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SummaryMunjal is a mutton-type sheep found in some districts of the Haryana, Punjab and Rajasthan states. A sample survey was conducted in two districts of Rajasthan and one district of Punjab to record characteristics of Munjal sheep. Information was recorded on morphological characteristics, body measurements and body weight. Munjal sheep are quite big in size, tall, rectangular and massive with a dark brown face. Measurements were recorded of body length, height, heart girth, paunch girth, ear length and tail length. Adult body weights were also recorded. Wool samples were collected and ana

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Tantia, M. S., P. K. Vij, RK Vijh, et al. "SIRI: THE CATTLE OF EASTERN HIMALAYAS." Animal Genetic Resources Information 19 (April 1996): 37–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1014233900000778.

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SUMMARYA pilot survey was conducted in the western d.istrict of Sikkim to monitor the status of the Siri cattle breed. Data was recorded on certain morphological characters, management practices and performance of Siri animals. Measurements were recorded of body length, heart girth, body height, paunch girth, hip width, pin width, face length, face width, ear length and horns on 89 animals of age groups up to 1 year,1 to 3 years and adult. It was noted that pure Siri animals were reared only in the remote inaccessible areas. Extensive crossbreeding with Jersey semen/bulls is progressively erod

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Nkemka, Valentine Nkongndem, Douglas H. Marchbank, and Xiying Hao. "Anaerobic digestion of paunch in a CSTR for renewable energy production and nutrient mineralization." Waste Management 43 (September 2015): 123–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2015.05.016.

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38

Spence, Jennifer, David Buttsworth, Bernadette K. McCabe, Craig Baillie, Diogenes L. Antille, and Brad Carter. "Investigation into thin layer drying rates and equilibrium moisture content of abattoir paunch waste." Renewable Energy 124 (August 2018): 95–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2017.07.082.

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Spence, Jennifer, David Buttsworth, and Brad Carter. "Energy content, bulk density, and the latent heat of vaporisation characteristics of abattoir paunch waste." Energy 248 (June 2022): 123645. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2022.123645.

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40

Jensen, Paul D., Chirag M. Mehta, Chris Carney, and D. J. Batstone. "Recovery of energy and nutrient resources from cattle paunch waste using temperature phased anaerobic digestion." Waste Management 51 (May 2016): 72–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2016.02.039.

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Nkemka, Valentine Nkongndem, and Xiying Hao. "Start-up of a sequential dry anaerobic digestion of paunch under psychrophilic and mesophilic temperatures." Waste Management 74 (April 2018): 144–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2016.06.022.

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42

Hedayati Marzbali, Mojtaba, Sazal Kundu, Savankumar Patel, et al. "Hydrothermal carbonisation of raw and dewatered paunch waste: Experimental observations, process modelling and techno-economic analysis." Energy Conversion and Management 245 (October 2021): 114631. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2021.114631.

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43

He, Shaomei, Natalia Ivanova, Edward Kirton, et al. "Comparative Metagenomic and Metatranscriptomic Analysis of Hindgut Paunch Microbiota in Wood- and Dung-Feeding Higher Termites." PLoS ONE 8, no. 4 (2013): e61126. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0061126.

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44

Hamawand, Ihsan, Pam Pittaway, Larry Lewis, et al. "Waste management in the meat processing industry: Conversion of paunch and DAF sludge into solid fuel." Waste Management 60 (February 2017): 340–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2016.11.034.

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Raja, K. N., A. Jain, G. Singh, Luv Kumar, H. K. Yadav, and R. Arora. "Ramnad White sheep—Phenotypic and genetic characterization." Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 82, no. 9 (2012): 1082–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v82i9.23676.

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The phenotypic and genetic characterization of Ramnad White, an important mutton type sheep breed of Tamil Nadu state is presented. The animals are medium sized with hairy fleece and predominantly white coat colour. Average flock size is 113. Measurements were recorded for body weight, body length, height at withers, chest girth, paunch girth, ear length, horn length and tail length in 290 adult animals. The genetic variability in 57 DNA samples of Ramnad White breed using microsatellite markers was assessed in terms of observed number of alleles, observed heterozyosity, expected heterozygosit

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Mckague, Cathleen. "“Pedant Needs More Paunch”: Reviving Robertson Davies’s Annotations from his Performance Copy of The Taming of the Shrew." Theatre Research in Canada 39, no. 2 (2018): 174–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/tric.39.2.174.

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Bai, Xue, Maria Grassino, and Paul D. Jensen. "Effect of alkaline pre-treatment on hydrolysis rate and methane production during anaerobic digestion of paunch solid waste." Waste Management 171 (November 2023): 303–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2023.08.027.

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Spence, Jenny, David Buttsworth, Brad Carter, and Abdurazaq Amar. "Determination of deep bed drying rates for abattoir paunch waste using revised co-efficients for the Hukill equation." Thermal Science and Engineering Progress 49 (March 2024): 102461. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tsep.2024.102461.

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Sugrue, K., G. Kiely, and E. McKeogh. "A Pilot Plant Study of the Anaerobic Digestion of a Mixture of Municipal Sewage and Industrial Sludges." Water Science and Technology 26, no. 9-11 (1992): 2465–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1992.0763.

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Abstract:

With up to 100 tonnes/day of municipal sewage sludge, the municipality of Cork County Council had a problem of disposal. Spreading on agricultural land was the most common method of disposal until the 1986 EC Directive 86/278/EEC imposed severe restrictions on such a method. For industry in the county, the method of disposal was sometimes landfilling, but more often disposal at sea. The Helsinki Agreement terminates sea disposal. An evaluation of treatment and disposal means identified anaerobic digestion as an alternative to land and sea disposal. After anaerobic digestion, the sludge is suff

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M. Heavenlin, I. Kanitha Christy, and C.Gunasekaran. "DETECTION OF NITRATE ACCUMULATION IN FORAGE CROP (SORGHUM) OF SALEM DISTRICT." EPH - International Journal of Science And Engineering 1, no. 1 (2015): 26–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.53555/eijse.v1i1.21.

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Nitrates transpire in drought conditions in poor pastures and reduce forage yields. Producers use barren or low producing grain crops as replacement forage. These forages may be toxic due to high nitrate level accumulation from water. Nitrate analysis from Panamarathupatti zone of Salem district revealed high level of prevalence and hence veterinarians and livestock owners should be aware of the prevailing nitrate contents in forage which would decline the health of livestock.  Nitrate, Sorghum forage and livestock health. Nitrates in forages do not in themselves cause the poisoning of f

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