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Academic literature on the topic 'Pauvreté – Madagascar (île) – Antananarivo (Madagascar)'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Pauvreté – Madagascar (île) – Antananarivo (Madagascar)"
Rabemalanto, Nathalie. "Vulnérabilité résidentielle des ménages et trappes à pauvreté en milieu urbain. Les "bas-quartiers" d'Antananarivo." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLV022/document.
Full textThis thesis aims at clarifying how the precarious dwelling areas generate residential poverty traps. Through multidimensional and multiscale approaches, we demonstrate how some external factors, including the habitat, may contribute to the households’ vulnerability. In fact, studying vulnerability in such areas requires addressing a wide range of factors that determine their capabilities sets when confronted to social, economic or environmental risks. Those latter are particularly numerous in precarious areas and compromise the households’ possibilities to get out of poverty. We build a typology of households’ vulnerability based on cumulative risks. We compare the results from a statistical survey to households’ discourse analyses. As for the statistical database, we refer to a survey conducted for the Participatory Slum Upgrading Programme (PSUP) on habitat conditions in the precarious districts of Antananarivo. The discourses are used to carry a retrospective analysis of the households’ trajectories. These approaches will finally allow a reflection on the urban policy designed to fight against the “urban poverty trap effect” and address the challenge of a socially sustainable development
Ognard, Carole. "Approche de la complexité des risques sanitaires hydriques dans les quartiers précaires d'Antananarivo : la notion de contexte à l'épreuve des pratiques et représentations citadines." Thesis, La Réunion, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LARE0032/document.
Full textThe geographical study of the health risks related to water in Antananarivo, metropolitan capital of Madagascar, a tropical country with a low level development, is articulated through the access conditions to the water resources, the evaluation of supplied water quality and the domestic practices performed until its consumption. This thesis seeks to illustrate via the hydric determinant how complex are the issues at the intersection of health and environment in an urban developing area. This complexity is due to the integration of the various components of the pathogenic system and the connections between them. In Antananarivo, our analyses show that the disparities of health as regards hydric risks are the reflection of a dichotomic social configuration inherited between the lower and the upper city and thus strongly impregnated by the social representations. To understand the mechanisms at the origin of these disparities of health, life environment in the precarious districts of Antananarivo is studied as a risk factor. These places are subjected to effects which are identified in the literature like contextual effects (relating to the characteristics of the territory) and compositional effects (relating to the characteristics of the individuals). In Antananarivo, the quantitative approach confirms the predominance of the contextual effects over the compositional effects. However, our fieldwork moderates this static and deterministic vision of the surveyed territories through the observation of the coping strategies developed by the populations to mitigate the failures of the urban services of health, water and sanitation. In agreement with recent publications, this research, argues that it exists a more complex and retroactive relation between the practices of the populations and the territories. This relation is in perpetual evolution. The individuals by their practices adapt and modify the configuration of the territories and conversely
Raharinjanahary-Chevillard, Rindra. "Les déchets à Antananarivo : étude géographique." Perpignan, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PERP0718.
Full textCities in eveloping countries are facing the issue of rubbish acumulation in urban areas. This due to lack of good collecting organization. In addition, the application of the rubbish dump which is the only proposed way of eliminating trash still remains a short term solution to the problem. Based on the case of the city of antananarivo, our ypothesis lies on the idea that the promotion of material constitutes an appropriate means to treat waste. The qualitative and quantitatie studies concerning rubbish production in the city allows us to state that the inhabitants of antananarivo produce a more or less low quantity of biodegradable wase purchase vital and households keep and reuse plastic package. Despite this, rubbish is still accumulating in cities as, on one hand they lack or have inefficient technical and financial collecting system? and on the other had because of their practices and how the population of antananarivo perceives garbage. We observed that the promotion of material generates revenues and is considered as important by a large part of people living i antaanarivo and particularly poor households (0,7% of the urban workers). In spite of social phenomenon such as exclusion and exploitation? this activity allows those who pratice it to have honest job and it creates a social connection. We suggest that this discipline be organized and well organized in order to improve his actor’s conditions and the piling up of rubbish in cities of developing countries
Deville, Flora. "Pauvreté et mobilité dans l'agglomération d'Antananarivo." Aix-Marseille 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AIX24016.
Full textThis thesis explores links between poverty and mobility and tries to explain in what ways the conditions of mobility could be a poverty factor and how their improvement can contribute to reduce poverty. It particularly deals on poor city-dwellers in Antananarivo's agglomeration, on their access to jobs and education. Our results show that the weakness of urban poor resources doesn't allow them to have access to motorised travel and they essentially go by foot for their daily activities in a space restricted by the spatial reach of the walking. In poor areas where public utilities are inefficient, access to jobs and education for urban poor is therefore problematic. This thesis pleads for a better recognition of urban mobility of the poor which is an important issue to escape from poverty but neglected by policies that struggle against poverty which give priority to growth
Fournet-Guérin, Catherine. "Vivre à Tananarive : crises, déstabilisations et recompositions d'une citadinité originale." Paris 4, 2002. https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01705528.
Full textThe identity of the inhabitants of Antananarivo, Madagascar's capital city, is complex. The urban dimension of their lives is changeable and rather difficult to define. This ambiguity may be explained through many elements, which are : the systematic reference to the models from an idealized Merina past, the difficulty turning away from the rural world's references, the impact of the long economic crisis which deeply changed all the traditional landmarks, and the rise of even stronger barriers dividing a compartmentalized society with well-organized groups similar to casts. Studying the urban landscapes, their lives of the people of Antananarivo as well as their approach to the city shows that the geographical space in Antananarivo is not only segregated but is also a reflection of increasing political or social tensions
Wachsberger, Jean-Michel. "L' intégration sociale hiérarchisée : l'exemple d'une métropole en développement : Antananarivo." Paris, EHESS, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009EHES0046.
Full textThe main hypothesis of this work is that, if individuals manage to getting by and getting ahead in the capital of one of the poorest country, it's because they have supports, such of protection, recognition or e1se moral comfort, coming from their social integration. We then study the ways and determining factors of integration in five main spheres (family, neighborhood, labor market, religious community and State), put in an obvious the links between this spheres and analyses the integration effects on individual well¬being. It emerges that, although based on different social schemes, communal attachment (affective investment of the family and neighborly life) and systemic integration (labor market, national life and religious life participation) are partially substitutable: the latter leads to drive away from the family and neighborhood spheres when, on the contrary, the economic, religious and politic marginalization leads individuals to find refuge in this spheres. It also turns out that supportive capacities of the different spheres are unequal: the more integrated in modern spheres the individuals are, the more important their individual well-being is. At least, although multi-stratified and multi-dimensional, social integration appears in Antananarivo sharply organized into a hierarchy, based on the education level but also on the gender
Randrianantoandro, Hiarivelo. "Le mouvement des forces vives à Antananarivo : sociologie de la protestation collective à Madagascar." Paris 7, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA070025.
Full textTo deal with collective protest in Madagascar supposes to open and enlarge the field of the areas studies andl reconsider the validity of the pre-existing theoretical tools of the sociology of social movements which aim to encompass and explain the social components and interactions that characterize industrially developed countries. Taking into account the concepts that sustain the sociology of social movements, this analysis helps to comprehend and explain a particular protest movement confronting a political system so repressive that its eventual success seemed very dubious. Our aim was to grasp and define the constituents of the emergence, growth and impetus of the "Hery Velona" movement ("Vital Forces Movement") within the context of an authoritarian system. The first part consists of an historical survey of the political, economical and social life of Madagascar, from the times of the Independence to the 1991 crisis, explaining the background of the formation of the "Hery Velona" movement. Then, taking into account the organizational approach, the importance of the mobilization organizers that were previously active, as well as the various forms of their endeavours are detailed (2nd Part). Last but not least, it is attempted to characterize the components of the actors of the mobilization and their motivations; within this mainframe, a particular attention is devoted to the influence of the Churches considered both as organizing bodies and leaders influencing the perception, representation, and affirmative cohesion of the actors themselves
Coury, Diane. "De l'école au premier emploi : le poids de l'éducation et de l'origine sociale au cours du temps à Antananarivo." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000IEPP0021.
Full textN'Dienor, Moussa. "Fertilité et gestion de la fertilisation dans les sytèmes maraîchers périurbains des pays en dévelopeement : intérêts et limites de la valorisation agfricole des déchets urbains dans ces systèmes, cas de l'agglomération d'Antananarivo (Madagascar)." Paris, Institut national d'agronomie de Paris Grignon, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006INAP0034.
Full textGondard, Delcroix Claire. "La combinaison des analyses qualitative et quantitative : pour une étude des dynamiques de pauvreté en milieu rural malgache." Bordeaux 4, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006BOR40017.
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