Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Pauvreté – Sénégal'
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Khoule, El Hadji Souleymane. "Politiques et stratégies de lutte contre la pauvreté au Sénégal." Perpignan, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PERP1028.
Full textThe question of poverty is one of the biggest concerns of this century. Poverty is a complex universal reality, deeply rooted and present in all societies. No country is completely protected against this curse. The international organizations discover that this problem is not solved. Even if we can notice an improvement of life conditions in Northern countries, the Southern societies suffer from poverty becoming more and more worrying. Our work treats policies and strategies of fighting against poverty in Senegal. But fighting poverty means being able to define the concept of poverty and to delimit the real causes, as well as formulating the operational strategies of struggle against this plague in its multi dimensions. In this essay we have on the one hand analyzed the globalization of poverty and on the other hand we show that the elimination of poverty in Senegal is for certain a difficult exercise but not an impossible one as miseries and poverty are controllable. So there is no excuse as for the expansion and it is not acceptable to stop acting before having eradicated this curse
Wilane, Momath. "Réformes de la fiscalité indirecte et réduction de la pauvreté au Sénégal." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/30078/30078.pdf.
Full textNdiaye, Abdourahmane. "Essai de quantification et d'identification des déterminants de la pauvreté à Dakar : des concepts aux réalités." Paris 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA020065.
Full textNgoyi, Pierre Nkulu. "Alphabétisation et pauvreté: Le cas d'un projet de développement au Sénégal." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/26726.
Full textRobert, Pierre. "Une économie politique de la pauvreté énergétique : le cas du Sénégal." Thesis, Lille 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIL12017.
Full textThis thesis presents an analysis of the energy poverty in Senegal, from a political economy point of view. Our research aims at analyzing this phenomenon by looking at the energy consumption (effective demand) in relation with energy needs (social demand). The institutional theoretical framework of this thesis allows us to identify and articulate these two aspects: In the first instance, with the help of the Convention Economics we will show that the social demand for energy may be analyzed with the help of an energy services convention. This convention supports the state’s course of action in the energy sector. We study the dynamics of this convention through a historical analysis of the public policies for more than a century. In the second instance, we will use the Sen capabilities approach and “sustainable rural livelihood” in order to contemplate the social demand with two case studies in rural areas. The empirical work involves studying points of vulnerability and the energetic circumstances of households, thanks to fieldwork led in the groundnut basin and in the Niayes zone. We will show two main results: First, we demonstrate that the rural populations are the most affected by the energy poverty in Senegal as they are not involved in the political process formulating the social demand. Second, we show that the process of energy access starts with a degradation of the energy natural resources, leading to an institutionalisation of the scarcity and ultimately leading to an expansion of market relations
Sy, Ibrahima. "La pauvreté au Sénégal : une évaluation multidimensionnelle de la pauvreté et des disparités interrégionales entre 2001 et 2006." Phd thesis, Toulon, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01015944.
Full textSy, Ibrahima. "La pauvreté au Sénégal : une évaluation multidimensionnelle de la pauvreté et des disparités interrégionales entre 2001 et 2006." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulon, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOUL2001.
Full textThis paper analyzes different approaches in poverty in Senegal, relying in particular on data provided by the last two household surveys (ESPS-2-2002 and ESAM 2006) conducted by the National Agency of Statistics and Demography in partnership with the World Bank.In the analysis of monetary poverty, we reveal important differences in terms of poverty lines in regions with at extremes, Dakar 923,55 F CFA (1,40 €) and Tambacounda 515,70 FCFA (0,78€), suggesting little relevance to the use of a threshold at national level alone. On basis of these thresholds, the indices of poverty stemming from the Foster's generic formula, to Greer and Thorbecke (FGT) reveal a reduction in the rate of poverty between 2002 and 2006 from the 57.1 % to 50.8 %, that is 6.9 in the whole of country and a gap in the poverty's line passing from 18 % to 16,4 %. This decline is particularly observed in the regions of Dakar, Diourbel, Kaolack, Saint-Louis and Thies. At the departmental level, poverty rates show a significant concentration in rural areas and the existence of pockets of poverty enclaved in urban areas. The estimation of a spatial econometric model highlights the socioeconomic factors that may explain the interdepartmental differences in poverty rates observed in 2006, including the level of regional economic development (urbanization, employment) and household behavior related at infrastructure (education, health and fertility). Furthermore, we propose a dichotomous model from which it is possible to identify the determinants of income poverty of household heads. The results show that female-headed households are not the poorest layer. In general way, differences of poverty apparent between urban and rural areas are largely correlated with disabilities in terms of education and unequal access to information and communication resources.We are entering a multidimensional analysis of poverty in Senegal, through an estimate of the degree of deprivation of some basic household needs. The approach by the theory of fuzzy sets used for this purpose shows that poverty declined slightly: 1% against 7% for monetary poverty. Unlike the monetary approach, the observed decrease from non-monetary poverty affects other regions as Kolda and Ziguinchor and Kaolack and Diourbel saw an increase. The estimation of one-dimensional fuzzy indexes allowed identifying the domains in which the households post the degree of largest deprivation: the quality of housing, education and information and communication technologies, beyond income.The profiles of monetary poverty as well as multidimensional are excellent tools to target the most destitute groups of the population. However, these tools remain dumb on the perception of these poor people as for their own socioeconomic situation. In this sense, an econometric analysis of the determinants of poverty felt in Senegal in 2006 brings up the importance of certain non-economic dimensions (social exclusion, cultural and lack of consultation of stakeholders on policy development and cutter fight poverty)
Perthuis, de Laillevault François-Xavier de. "La perception de la pauvreté à Dakar (Sénégal) : entre approches théoriques et réalité observée." Paris, EHESS, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013EHES0044.
Full textThis thesis deals with the perception of poverty in Dakar (Senegal) through the development of adaptation strategies implemented in poverty context in the Senegalese capital. Considering the study of poverty in Senegal, researches are at the crossroads of economics, sociology and anthropology. To capture the economic and social manifestations of poverty, researches consider a multidisciplinary approach, combining economic and sociological approach, focusing on the analysis of poverty from the experiences of poor populations. The first part focuses on the dominant theoretical approaches in the analysis of poverty and their respective evolution from the 1950s to nowadays. Despite fundamental evolution of theoretical approaches, this part of the thesis demonstrates their limitations in the empirical understanding of poverty when the researcher chooses to analyze poverty from experiences of poor people. In a second part, research threat on the analysis of the evolution of empirical comprehension of poverty through successive development policies implemented in Senegal from the 1980s until 2012. This section describes the evolution of the main causes of poverty in neighborhoods that are subject of research. In a third part, based on experiences of poverty, analysis develops the main manifestations of poverty and strategies used by populations. Research underlines the evolution of strategies in poverty context through transformations of social net, diversification of resources and the evolution of the quality of social relationship. It appears that lack of capacity to elaborate adaptation strategies in poverty context is directly determinate by the quality of social relationship
Diop, Mayoro. "De l'approche monétaire à l'approche par les capabilités : une analyse multidimensionnelle de la pauvreté au Sénégal sur les données de l'Enquête de Suivi de la Pauvreté au Sénégal (ESPS2)." Thesis, Reims, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014REIME003.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to propose a multidimensional analysis of poverty in Senegal, and to show the importance of integrating the capability approach in the analysis of poverty. This thesis aims at showing that the capability approach is an adequate and appropriate framework for identifying the poor and proves to be of real interest in setting up better public policies in order to fight against poverty relating to the MDGs.This study is divided in two parts. The first part deals with the concept of poverty confronting the traditional monetary approach with the capability approach, and shows the interest of the economics of happiness in the analysis of poverty and well being. In a second phase, the objective is to illuminate methodological options in order to treat the extent of poverty empirically and bring the arguments in favor of the capability approach.The essential features of this thesis revolve around three main contributions. The first one is theoretical. It offers an analysis of poverty in Senegal in terms of capabilities. The second is empirical and provides a multidimensional measure based on the theory of fuzzy sets from the monitoring survey of poverty in Senegal (MSPS 2). The third one is methodological and proposes an original approach consisting of building a core of utilitarian poverty (by comparing the monetary and subjective poverty) and then analyzing the evolution of the core according to the distribution of the degrees of poverty capabilities
Diouf, Marie-Louise. "Femmes et pauvreté : les initiatives féminines dans le développement humain : le cas de Kaolack au Sénégal." Bordeaux 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006BOR30035.
Full textIf there are terms whose employment became so frequent and varied that one tests difficulty of finding the true definition, we can say that among these terms, poverty makes party of the most quoted. To understand female poverty in Kaolack, we needed to use not only the general indicators of poverty, but also representations made by people at different social level. Our reflexion related to the problems of the living conditions of the women, ther daily life on socio-spatial and economic plans. We analyzed women's poverty, the causes, and the consequences in particular : prostitution, children in difficult situation, juvenile delinquence. With the impotence of State to fight against this growing poverty, the assiociative movement became an alternative to the economic crisis. We analyzed the role of women associations, of NGO in the fight against poverty promoting sustainable development. It thus led our analysis to the conclusion that the poverty of women involves structural poverty of their children, and development passes by the improvement of the living conditions of the women and the children in the field of the access to education, health, and a balanced food
Dieng, Malick. "Les limites des politiques de lutte contre la pauvreté en Afrique : le cas du Sénégal." Besançon, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BESA1036.
Full textDiallo, Cheikh. "Les dynamiques locales de développement urbain au Sénégal : entre stratégies de reproduction des acteurs et construction d'une nouvelle gouvernementalité : étude de cas sur la ville de Saint-Louis." Paris 8, 2012. http://octaviana.fr/document/179730754#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Full textThis thesis has for general objective to analyze the interactions between the actors in the urban local development with as purpose to determine the degree of efficiency of the cooperation established with regard to the challenges raised by the problems of urban development. In other words, our approach consists in investigating the keys of understanding of these partnership relations at once in the logics developed by the actors, the dynamics and the stakes of power inside organizations in position as well as in the partnership devices. The interest of our analysis lies in the fact that it joins certain aspects as the effects of the globalization, the capacity of the government, the dominant logic of the market as explanatory dimensions into the process of urban development. The impacts of the international system on the local universes make of the consideration of these dimensions an indispensable datum for the understanding of this process of development. By joining these dimensions, this research wants to distance itself from most of those in Anthropology or Sociology who disregard them by making the apology of the local strategies. In fine, it will be question to proceed to a deep analysis of this widely shared consensus according to which the development can only take place with partnership strategies and the application of all these concepts which abound actually in the speeches on the urban. It is clear that this research falls under a critical perspective, not in a sense of an unfavourable judgment but in a sense implying a free examination of the strategies of development in order to see with regard to their context (socially speaking) about implementation and on the conditions which are added to them if they are suited
N'Diaye, Mansor. "L'espace social de la pauvreté : l'exemple des comportements alimentaires dans la zone du Grand Dakar." Paris 8, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA083728.
Full textWhat is poverty? The first answer should be "the lack". This is true but insufficient to illustrate it. One should think that poverty means negativity, such as the lack of wealth, joy and therefore happiness. But what do we really know about the poor? Just a little, otherwise what experts, politicians and academics have told us. Many researchers cannot take off from the traditional ideas used to describe poverty. Those researchers are before all social people inspired by cultural ideas from their predecessors. The point is not the social well-being of the poor but is the social condition they are associated with, i. E. The atmosphere where the poor strive to survive, and without which they are like "a fish outside the water". As Ndiaye Makhtar would say, we are more interested in the source of income than the income itself. Over a simple look on the living condition of the poor this job requires an illumination on the social space. The lattest determines the state of existance of households and renew the structure of society. Using the vision of food, we will try to demonstrate how increasing social inegalities keeps on dividing society into two different classes (the poor and the non-poor class). The word "class" therefore shows a driving direction, a way of viewing reality that gives us the ups and downs associated with the living conditions of the poor. In a social imagination veritably influenced by the economic hierarchy, the poor class wants to keep a certain Senegalese trait meaning some traditional reflexes. This poor class is facing the values of local traditional society. This allows revitalising the negative aspect of poverty
Manirakiza, Elvis. "L'impact de la croissance et de l'inégalité sur l'évolution de la pauvreté au Sénégal." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2007. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/312.
Full textSagna, Marie Rosalie. "Impact de la microfinance sur l'empowerment des femmes et la lutte contre la pauvreté dans la région de Ziguinchor." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26051.
Full textThis present research examines the impact of microfinance on the transformations of the economic, social and political status of the women in the region of Ziguinchor, situated in the southwest of Senegal. The examination covers the social representations which they have of the poverty and the strengthening of their power to act (" empowerment "), at the individual, family and collective level. It is also interested in the strategies developed by the women to meet the requirements of the microfinance. To seize better the logics which base choices and actions of the women, we opted for a qualitative methodology. It is based on structured interviews. Our sampling is non-probability by reasoned choice centered on a voluntary basis. Our criteria of inclusion are the age, the experience and the place of residence. The study was conducted with thirty women and with eight members of staff of organizations of microfinance. The data were also collected by of our observations and secondary sources. The theoretical approaches of "gender and development" and "strategic actor" guided this study. These put the women in the center of the analysis of the relationships of power and the social change. They helped to understand the logics of the women, their représentations, life experiences and strategies, in particular their subjective experience. We can observe three different situations within the results. The first is related with the persistence of a multilevel poverty linked with the large monetary level and the lifestyle conditions level too. The second one shows a limited impact on the empowerment of the women and the living conditions in their families. The third one explains how the economic and political context of Ziguinchor limits the empowerment of women and the improvement of living conditions in their household.
Gassama, Mor. "Microfinance et développement local : le cas du Sénégal." Paris 9, 2011. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2011PA090022.
Full textAccess to finance is one of the Millennium Development Goals. Poor people lack access to funding granted by banks. Microfinance, through microcredit, is trying to meet this challenge. In Senegal, microfinance has seen great success through these large MFIs (CMS, UM-PAMECAS, ACEP) that have reached financial sustainability. However, one can say that microfinance is actively involved in the fight against poverty in Senegal? The micro loans promote local development: they encourage merchants, artisans and entrepreneurs to transform their local micro projects and we know that these small projects have a ripple effect on local economy first and then on the economy all of the country. The thesis examines the links between microfinance and local development in the case of Senegal
Sow, El Hadji. "Les enjeux sociaux du discours sur la pauvreté en milieu rural sénégalais : perceptions du phénomène et production de normes à Niakhar et à Bakel." Paris 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA010530.
Full textRothé, Thomas. "Chronique familiale dans un quartier populaire de Dakar : ajustements individuels et collectifs à la précarité." Amiens, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007AMIE0016.
Full textMbow, Thierno Idrissa. "Représentations sociales et construction de l'identité paysanne : Dynamique des représentations de la richesse et de la pauvreté chez les paysans du Delta du fleuve Sénégal." Paris 11, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA111004.
Full textGoudiaby, Mamadou. "Les parcs agroforestiers en Basse Casamance : Contribution du Parkia biglobosa (néré)à la réduction des risques de pauvreté des ménages de la communauté rurale de Mangagoulack, au Sénégal." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/30035/30035.pdf.
Full textDiallo, Sounkarou. "La délinquance juvénile à Dakar : une nouvelle forme de déviance ?" Montpellier 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005MON30012.
Full textGenerally, one uses the economic crisis to explain the juvenile delinquency. Nevertheless, the social in Senegal presents many facts showing new ways of delinquency. Though the economic crisis can represent the principal of delinquency, new possible ways appear now. The immigration, the inequality in the classic ways of success, the cultural crisis. . . Are as many reasons to talk about way of delinquency. What would be the way to battle the rising of the juvenile delinquency? We, through this thesis, do believe that a new way to live the values and a strong and independent justice would be necessary
Nziengui, Mamboundou Pierre. "Analyse de l'impact des réformes économiques sur les inégalités de genre et la pauvreté en Afrique : Application au Burkina Faso et au Sénégal." Thesis, Normandie, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NORMLH27.
Full textThe fight against gender inequalities and poverty is a central issue for policy makers in Burkina Faso and Senegal.Indeed, we observe high gender inequality level in both countries (in formal labour market and in household work) andhigh poverty level, which affects 40.1% of the population in Burkina Faso and 38% in Senegal (World Bank 2020). It iswhy economic development plan have drawn up based on specific reforms in each country. In Burkina Faso, thechallenge is to increase the public resources allocated to development, which leads to a reform of VAT and oil subsidies.We analyse the effects of these policies on gender inequalities, poverty and food security. In Senegal, the transformationof the economy has been already started, with a particular interest for agriculture sector. We are interested in the effectsof this transformation on gender inequalities and poverty. Using computable general equilibrium models, the results ofthis thesis show that the reforms envisaged in Burkina Faso have negative effects on gender and poverty. In Senegal, thetransformation of the agricultural sector leads to a decrease in gender inequalities and poverty
Sonko, Seedou Mukthar. "Le tourisme rural et la réduction de la pauvreté." Phd thesis, Université Toulouse le Mirail - Toulouse II, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00965268.
Full textSeye, Aliou. "Islam et sécurité humaine. Contribution à l’étude des confréries musulmanes au Sénégal." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO30107.
Full textThis research is intended to observe the place of brotherhood of Islam in the public sphere and the political, economic and social Senegal, with particular emphasis on the concept of human security. Our goal is to integrate thinking about the broadest possible contrasting the different situations facing brotherhood of Islam in this country of 12 million people with over 90% Muslim. The focus is to examine the so-called "Senegalese exceptionalism" with a relatively old democratic tradition and strong. This study explored as general purpose security posed by the organization and functioning of religious brotherhoods in Senegal. It relies on setting comparison of the two major guilds - and Mouride Tidjane - who are Sunni. It includes an angle of approach taking into account the diversity and unique socio-cultural contexts, political, economic and religious in the international order marked by constant threats to security. This perspective of cultural dynamics unique promotes understanding of behavioral logic of assigning meaning to approaches to security "faithful" to the Marabouts and fraternities. It is also evaluating new religious events and their consequences for individuals and groups on the Republic, democracy, secularism and security of the Senegalese nation
Sall, Aminata. "Les stratégies et initiatives des femmes dans le secteur de la microfinance : Le cas du Sénégal." Thesis, Paris 5, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA05H044/document.
Full textWomen's microcredit associations allow Senegalese women to support each other while investing in the microfinance sector. Formal and informal savings and credit systems ensure the families survival and the purchase of goods. These, as well as the flow of cash, are proofs of economic success and a source of prestige in Senegal. Solidarity strategies, along with social and economic networking practices originate from key community leaders (both founders and leaders) with the help of technical and financial partners. The state and associated NGOs provide the biggest part of the financial and technical support. The partnerhip fits into a general fight against poverty where women are understood as resources and profitable investments. However one could argue that associated partners often benefit more from the fight against poverty- and the development of microcredit- than Senegalese women themselves. Using a specific case study, the thesis examines the microcredit practices of Senegalese women involved in the associative sector; the power dynamics behind associations of people and, finally, the objectives of each participant (NGOs, state and women’s associations)
Villar, Paola. "Essays in Family Economics in Senegal." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEH131.
Full textIn the West Africa subregion, poverty is pervasive and social protection at the state-level, as well as formal financial markets poorly function. In such a context, families fulfill important roles, which shape the economic and social life of its members and are key drivers of economic development. How this private institution performs is, however, quite a debate and a growing body of the literature in development economics has focused on the question of the economic inefficiencies of the family institution. My PhD thesis builds upon this literature and contributes to it by shedding light on how individual economic decisions are taken within the family in Senegal, and in which cases the family fails to ensure individual welfare of its members.The first chapter focuses on the individual costs of the informal redistribution that take place within and between social networks, and in particular within the extended family. Using a lab-in the field experiment, we aim at identifying the hidden costs of social obligations for redistribution on individual resource allocation choices. Our results are threefold: (i) we estimate a social tax of about 9\%; (ii) we provide evidence on strong distortions in individual allocation choices; (iii) our results point at people fearing redistributive pressure from the extended family members, but not from within the household or from friends and neighbors. We expand on prior literature by both identifying the individual cost of informal redistribution and then relating it to postexperiment resource-allocation decisions, and by disentangling intra- and interhousehold redistributive pressure. The second chapter investigates how the health environment prevents parents from investing in child health. Its main objective is to investigate whether the health risks faced by children, and in particular their competing nature as mortality risks, depress parental investment in child health. We argue that there are complementarities between disease-specific investments and we test this hypothesis by exploiting recent interventions that made anti-malaria products suddenly affordable to most households in 2009 in Senegal. Our first contribution is to be the first to use data on private health expenditures to validate a model with complementarities between disease-specific investments. Our second contribution is to show that parental behavioral responses clearly complement anti-malaria campaigns, whereby they magnify their impact on all-cause mortality for children. Finally, the third chapter explores how a quite harmful ex-post risk management strategy, child marriage, relates to changes in family structures (mortality shocks). In particular, I investigate whether paternal death induces adverse marriage outcomes for young orphans. I also discuss the channel that could induce such effects. My results underpinned the high vulnerability of this group of children: when the father dies, the young girls are more likely to marry as child brides and to be child mothers than their non-orphan counterparts. Those girls have more frequently broken marital trajectories, in particular due to divorce. This paper builds upon the existing demographic literature and provides at least two contributions. First, it is, to my knowledge, the first to study jointly the timing of the father's death and other dimensions of well-being such as fertility, marital dissolution and consumption. Second, it discusses the extent to which selection on unobservables might bias the analysis, an issue that is discarded in most studies
Kaboré, Émile. "Les enjeux, les pratiques et les perspectives communicationnels de la diplomatie du développement en Afrique : les cas du Burkina Faso et du Sénégal." Paris 8, 2013. http://octaviana.fr/document/204202205#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Full textFor many African nations, up to 50% of the investment budget is essentially provided by foreign aid, and mainly concerns bilateral and multilateral cooperation. In that type of situation, it appears that the diplomatic action is considered as the main axis for the mobilization of resources for African countries. The concept of “diplomacy of development” which is increasingly used as a vital thread for the materialization of foreign policy from most African countries illustrates this observation. For the poor countries choosing that development diplomacy, the issue here is to gather all the existing opportunities on the international scene to meet the challenges to fight poverty. In this new diplomatic scheme, communication now becomes a key stake. In a framework where the “diplomatic battle” has become a “trademark” battle and messages to reach and mobilize the required external resources to fight against poverty and increase development, communication, through its role of promotion, advocacy, negotiation and lobbying, is one of these essential components and one of the major organizational and operational poles of diplomacy. But, how to find out the way to build efficient linkages between diplomacy and communication? That question is the core problem this thesis tries to solve through a comparative approach between Burkina Faso and Senegal
Diongué, Birahime. "Les niveaux et les facteurs explicatifs de la santé au Sénégal de 1960 à 1982." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986CLF10018.
Full textThe purpose of this thesis is first to study the health levels of Senegalese people and secondly to analyze the factors explaining their health standard. In the first part, we used the result indicators such as morbidity rates, based on the ministry of public health data only, since they are no epidemiologic surveys. The trends analysis indicated a strong prevalence of certain diseases, such as malaria, with nevertheless important disparity between the regions. However, despite the eradication of big endemics such as plague, small pox, sleeping disease, others diseases such as malaria, tuberculosis leprosy, sexually transmissible diseases, nutritional and diarrheal diseases, measles, whooping cough, consequences of abortions and deliveries, represent the most important plagues. But the morbidity data do not correspond to the Senegalese reality: in fact, the health infrastructures are almost exclusively settled in towns and consequently, they benefit only to urban population. Moreover, the attraction of traditional medicine is not to be neglected, but it is the opposite. All the reasons led us to believe that the morbidity is not really known and consequently that the indicator can not constitute a study base of the health (or levels) in Senegal. That is why we choose the mortality, which is a incontestable evidence and a more known indicator. We analyzed in a second part the health factors and, in order to so, we used 17 health and socio-economic variables supposed to explain the levels of infant mortality (explained variables). We went on with a differential econometric analysis, at first at the national level, then with a pooling-data analysis including only 6 regions and finally with a model applied to Dakar, then to Ngayokheme. The demographic variables, the availability of the coverage of beds, as much as the schooling rate have been the main explanatory factors of health status in the regions and in Dakar the income per capita did not reveal itself as a significate variable. But, in terms of personnel in Dakar the medical and paramedical (midwives) coverage have been significate variables, when at the region level, the population per nurse indicator only prove significate
N'Diath, Mouhamadoul Hady. "Contribution des TIC à l’amélioration des conditions de vie des populations défavorisées : l’exemple de la rive droite du Fleuve Sénégal, en Mauritanie." Thesis, Paris 10, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA100012.
Full textThis thesis deals with the study of the contribution of ICT to improve the living conditions of disadvantaged populations. From an empirical and spatial framework that is the Law Contrée located on the right bank of the River Senegal, we try to show how populations isolated and poor and abandoned by the public authorities were able to make ICT tools for the improvement of living conditions. Indeed, in this enclave locality, droughts of the 1970s, has destroyed the local economic fabric based on subsistence agriculture. Emigrants who have deserted this locality are found in Europe to meet the needs of families remained in the country. In fact, money transfers for many families are the only way to cope with everyday needs. These money transfers through informal channels through the mobile phone. After reviewing the different types of transfers, empirical study is interested on the impact of this financial windfall in the villages and towns of the basin of river Senegal using, rather than of GDP per capita, but more objective indicators of human development in terms of social benefits. In addition to ensuring the survival of family, immigrants grouped into associations in host communities undertake community-based projects. Urban transformations through real estate projects are also an important indicator. Sites that create employment in small and medium-sized enterprises such as welding, carpentry and hardware. Furthermore, community radio located on the left bank of the River has an impact of populations on the right bank. These radios, extension of Orality, are very close to local concerns. Indeed, announcements and information conveyed through these radios relate to the everyday life of the populations. But at the same time this appropriation of ICTs has resulted in significant socio-culturalchanges in populations and deepened further the social divide by poverty and marginalization. However, oral cultural identity support appears to be spared by this loss of marks because the media like radio and mobile phones are a kind of second Orality", a kind of preservation of traditional communications widely evoked in the empirical part forms
Faye, Abdou Diop. "Analyse des déterminants de l'offre du travail des femmes en milieu urbain sénégalais." Thesis, Artois, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ARTO0101.
Full textThe objective of any economic analysis of the elabor supply is generally to better understand issues related to employment allowing formulating policies towards the labor market. This thesis is not an exception to this objective although it focuses exclusively on women. From the analysis of the present thesis, we have shed new light on the main factors driving or inhibiting the senegalese woman to enter the labor market. The theoretical approaches developed have led us to consider the nature of marital relationships, the different perceptions of work and family obligations corresponding to different types of female behavior of labor supply. Through a dicotomous and multinomial logit model, we have shown that the behavior of labor supply of senegalese women is influenced by individual characteristics such as the age and education level, and standard family characteristics such as the presence of under 5 years old child/children in the household, the presence of a spouce (marital status), the income of the spouse, the householf size, the monetary status indicated by the poverty, the remittances to descendants or ascendants
Séne, Mbaye. "L'accessibilité des populations pauvres aux soins de santé, la contribution des mutuelles au Sénégal." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ60654.pdf.
Full textMalki, Zahia. "L’impact des radios communautaires sur le développement économique et humain dans les pays en développement : la théorie à l'épreuve de la réalité sénégalaise." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM1117.
Full textThe purpose of this thesis is to examine the conviction of international organisations that consider community radios as an effective tool for economic and human development. Community radios are in fact regarded as a new source of growth to stand up to failing states due to their local presence and ability to broadcast information in local language. They are also representative of a participatory development considered as more effective than the traditional development "top-down" axis. This issue, which is quite recent in theoretical level, is very crucial since successive development policies promoted by states and international organisations have generated disappointments in many developing countries, particularly on the African continent.Due to a lack of theoretical literature in regards to the relationship between community radios development and economic and human development, the field survey was the mainstay of our analysis. We chose to perform the field survey in Senegal for reasons of practicalities and representativeness. Supported by statistics, particularly logistic regressions, and by a summary of a rich theoretical literature on development issues, our analysis convincingly argue that if community radios are a good development tool, their impact is nevertheless currently constrained by a number of limits, including their low budget. Once these limitations are identified, we will put forward proposals to allow community radios to become a truly effective tool for economic and human development while considering cooperatives or promoting the development of radio listening clubs
Guéyé, Amy. "Précarité et services d'eau potable et d'assainissement : les quartiers pauvres de Dakar (Sénégal) à l'épreuve des projets communautaires." Nantes, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012NANT3038.
Full textNdione, Babacar. "Contexte local et migration : les dynamiques migratoires internationales dans les quartiers de la ville de Kaolack (Sénégal)." Paris 5, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA05H078.
Full textThe objective of this thesis is to determine the international migratory dynamics in Kaolack under the influence of the local context (quarter of origin). The results indicated that migration relies on economic and sociocultural factors which affect the quarters differently, according to the social cohesion existing in the community. While leaving, the family constitutes an essential resource for the migratory project to be effective. This dimension also works for the accurate welcome of the migrant in the quarters where social relations are weak. Migrants from quarters with very strong community cohesion find in the neighbourhood the necessary supports which enable them to migrate
Sall, Abdoul. "L’Eau au Sénégal : les enjeux actuels de la privatisation, Dakar et Kaolack : essai de géographie sociale." Caen, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005CAEN1415.
Full textCissé, Sanoussy. "L'offre de soins de santé au Sénégal." Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012MON10010.
Full textThe protection of people health is one of the World Health Organization basic principles. Then, reaching health objectives has become the main concern of our time. However, in developing countries such as Senegal, it faces the tricky question of offer and access to treatment chiefly for the most destitute populations and for those living in rural area. Sadly, most of the health facilities cannot provide an effective and efficient care to their patients. Indeed, a lot of effort has been doing in the matter of care offer for years. Unfortunately, the general report is that: populations are still suffering from lack of care access. Authorities should think about health systems which take into account the whole population by granting them access to affordable care quality. To do so, they should solve the problems which are the causes of the degradation of people health among which poverty, illiteracy, and lack of access to drinking water and to adequate and clean accommodations. Among the recommended solutions, one of the most relevant is the integration of herbal remedy into all developing countries health system
Sarr, Makhtar. ""Aller à l'école" : Croyance et mobilisation familiale en milieu populaire au Sénégal." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020BORD0198.
Full textIn Senegal, the Education system has gone through a lot of changes in the 90s. The access to education has become more democratic and no child was supposed to be left behind. Since then, the education system has been facing various challenges due to the enrolment of thousands of kids in suburbs and remote villages. However, two major challenges seem to weigh down on education for all policy. On the one hand, school supply is struggling to meet demand and, on the other hand, there is a mismatch between training and employment. This unprecedented picture of the Senegalese school is at the origin of the nagging question of school dropouts. This raises the problem of the differentiated relationship to school in working-class environments in Senegal. Though families try hard to make their children succeed at school, their difficult living conditions combined with the unsuccessful educational policies of the government don’t help much in coming over the issue of school dropouts. Therefore, the methodology of this study will be based on a monographic perspective and interviews with families, pupils, and teachers. The populations of Yeumbeul Sud, a suburb in Dakar, are targeted to quantify the relationship to school in workingclass environments through existing educational outreach strategies
Diagne, Ndeye Sokhna. "Le développement local, sens et application d’un concept : analyse d’un Fonds de développement local dans les régions pauvres du Sénégal." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MON30071/document.
Full textABSTRACT This research has the ambition to revisit the theories of social action, social capital and those of the territory-actor to capture the dynamic interactions of actors and territories under the territorial development. The need for articulation between theory and practice is also taken into account through the analysis of lessons learned from the Support Programm for Small Local Irrigation (PAPIL) in the light of the above theoretical approaches. The implementation of PAPIL which aims to support people in building a project of sustainable and inclusive territory in a collective perspective and relying on local resources, is in the need to anticipate to accompany the changes taking place at "local societies plagued by de-structuring and restructuring." In its approach, the project is part PAPIL new generations in local development. It aims to encourage and facilitate locally common and shared willingness to emerge a draft territorial development and wealth creation. The geographical scope of the study consists of Fatick, Kolda, Tambacounda, Kédougou considered among the poorest in Senegal about 80 000 km2 and a population estimated at about 2,209,511 million in 2013. The PAPIL intervenes in those territories that have values, beliefs, an experience that must necessarily be taken into account. The social and societal dimensions are decisive in the formulation and implementation of a local development project. In this context, these territories were analyzed from four identity components on which exercises the lever of governance namely the societal, social, international and government / NGO / project. This research has identified for each territory, the actuating levers to implement optimally a local development program. Keywords: local Development - Territories- local Actors - local governance- decentralization- local development projects
Sangaret, Inthy. "Autonomisation des femmes vulnérables participant au Programme national de bourses de sécurité familiale (PNBSF) du Sénégal, demeurant dans la commune de Saint-Louis." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/38109.
Full textIn order to foster better social and economic development, empowering women appears to be a clear necessity. In Senegal, women play a key role in the smooth running of families. However, their socio-economic living conditions question whether their needs are taken into account. However, their socio-economic living conditions question whether their needs are taken into account. In this context, the Government of Senegal has established the National Family Security Subsidy Program (PNBSF) to ensure more inclusive development for all through a redistribution of national resources in the form of cash transfers to low income households with children, the recipient of which are mothers. In this context, the objective of this research is to identify the obstacles and elements which facilitate women's autonomy and participation in the commune of Saint-Louis, one of Senegal's largest cities. At the same time, it examines the role the PNBSF could play in this regard. To carry out this study, a qualitative methodology was used, involving 21 participants, including 14 women from low-income households who are beneficiaries of the PNBSF grant, five agents of the NGO responsible for implementing this programme in the field and an expert from the Ministry of Health. Three focus groups and one individual interview were conducted to collect the data. The results show that women face economic, psychosocial and cultural barriers as well as political, legal and administrative obstacles. Their vulnerability also affects their health and the education of their children. The study shows that in order to empower these women, it is necessary, among other things, to build their capacity in literacy and vocational skills and to promote their access to a number of resources. The PNBSF could play a role in providing these women with training, counselling and additional financial support.
Timera, Aly Sada. "Les politiques urbaines face à l’habitat précaire à Dakar : Géohistoire des mobilités résidentielles, normes institutionnelles et pratiques populaires de l’espace." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCC157.
Full textThe configuration and functioning of Dakar area are marked by a permanent confrontation between the "institutional norms" and the popular modes of production and consumption of the urban space.The main objective of this work is to analyze the way in which the urban space of Dakar is being developed and built, and more especially the modes of production of residential spaces and how they are shaped by contradictory logics and differentiated actors strategies. The geo-history of urban construction in Dakar, which has served us as a framework, shows that the construction of the Senegalese capital is part of a constant struggle between actors for the appropriation of spatio-territorial resources. These latter are marked by the rejection and the progressive exclusion of social groups that have economically been fragile and whose residential ascendancies, which have often been violently liberated, have been reallocated to social actors with higher incomes.In front of this segregationist policy, a rigorous resistance of the popular social groups is developed and has finally imposed its forms and modalities of spatial consumption becoming dominant so as to produce an urbanity characteristic of a city-specific physiognomic identity.The state has developed, a politico - administrative recovery strategy has been expressed on political plan through the deepening of decentralization with the creation of borough communes covering the era of irregular zones, institutionalized in full - Act III of decentralization.The redeployment of the State is also reflected in the dynamics of making new-territories that it generates with the operations of Restructuring and land Regularization in particular. It is a technical-urbanistic control company which aims a physical and socio-economic integration of the irregular districts to the "legal city".Indeed, the imperative of politico-administrative control (decentralization / devolution) and the technical-urbanist harmonization (land restructuring / regularization) of the city are part of a wider field which aims at expanding the market and consolidating it.It thus appears that by claiming to fight against the territorial exclusions and inequalities, the RRF projects reproduce them in a renewed form, as a field of preparation for the expansion of the market in the informality territories
Legros, Olivier. "Le gouvernement des quartiers populaires : production de l'espace et régulation politique dans les quartiers non réglementaires de Dakar (Sénégal) et de Tunis (Tunisie)." Phd thesis, Université François Rabelais - Tours, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00129096.
Full textSané, Kadessa. "Les talibés mendiants, une catégorie d’enfants de la rue au Sénégal. Pérennisation d’un fait social." Thesis, Paris Est, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PESC0085.
Full textThis research followed the will to lead an inspection about the perennation of children begging in Senegal urban areas. Talibes are children whose parents entrust to some koranic masters. At the very beginning, this kuranic teaching that is a religious tradition was solely organized in rural area. Even so, in the seventies, rural areas faced harsh droughts that empoverished its inhabitants. As a matter of fact, some men and women started leaving their villages in quest for better living conditions in Senegal big cities. Koranic teaching was also affected by these socio-economic mutations because since then, some koranic masters who are first and foremost growers, have set up in cities taking with them children who are meant to be their talibes. However, when the latter arrive in town they spend more time in the streets than into daaras (koranic schools) because their masters ask them to beg daily and to bring them among other things a specific amount of money. Thus, those children are at the same time talibes and beggars. Even though the Senegalese government owns repressive laws against children begging, it shows off an equivocal attitude towards this social phenomenon. In this way, to apprehend the perennation of children begging, this thesis aims to study and to re-examine social practices towards talibes-beggars. Those practices consist mainly in giving them alms. Apart from religious and humanitarian reasons that can justify those practices, the latter can also be operated for more mystical reasons namely after some divinations made by marabouts like fetishs, healers and diviners. The scope therefore is to elucidate and to analyze, through a qualitative methodology, both ambivalences and eventual issues involved in the perannation of talibes begging in most of senegalese cities
Dimé, Mamadou dit Ndongo. "Crise économique, pauvreté et dynamique des solidarités chez les catégories sociales moyenne et popaulaire à Dakar (Sénégal)." Thèse, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/17551.
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