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1
Kuemmel, David A., John R. Jaeckel, Alexander Satanovsky, Stephen F. Shober, and Mitzi M. Dobersek. "Noise Characteristics of Pavement Surface Texture in Wisconsin." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1544, no. 1 (January 1996): 24–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198196154400104.
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Twelve portland cement concrete pavement (PCCP) test sections were constructed to compare with standard PCCP and asphaltic concrete pavement (ACP) to quantify the effects of the pavement surface texture on noise, safety, and winter maintenance. Asphalt pavements studied included a Strategic Highway Research Program asphalt, stone matrix asphalt (SMA), and Wisconsin standard asphalt. A dependency between the pavement textures and their noise characteristics was observed. Noise measurements indicated that uniformly transverse tined PCCP created dominant noise frequencies that were audible adjacent to the road and inside the test vehicles. Careful design and construction of transversely tined PCCP can reduce tire-road noise. No significant acoustical advantages of open-graded asphalts over the standard dense asphalt were found. The results of this research are preliminary and have not yet been approved by the Wisconsin Department of Transportation Council on Research.
2
Robbins, Mary, Nam Tran, and Audrey Copeland. "Determining the Age and Smoothness of Asphalt and Concrete Pavements at the Time of First Rehabilitation using Long-Term Pavement Performance Program Data." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2672, no. 40 (August 29, 2018): 176–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198118792120.
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Initial performance period is an important input in life-cycle cost analysis (LCCA). An objective of this study was thus to determine actual initial performance periods, as the pavement age at first rehabilitation, for asphalt and concrete pavements using Long-Term Pavement Performance (LTPP) program data. In addition, most agencies use International Roughness Index (IRI), a measure of pavement roughness applicable to both asphalt and concrete pavements, in their decision-making and performance-evaluation process. A secondary objective was, therefore, to determine the pavement roughness condition at the time of first rehabilitation using the same dataset. Based on surveys of highway agencies, initial performance periods frequently used in LCCA for asphalt pavements are between 10 and 15 years, while the average asphalt pavement age at time of first rehabilitation in the LTPP program was found to be approximately 18 years. For concrete pavements, most initial performance periods used in LCCA are between 20 and 25 years, whereas the average concrete pavement age at the time of first rehabilitation in the LTPP program is about 24 years. This suggests initial performance period values used for LCCA do not adequately represent the actual age of asphalt pavements at the time of first rehabilitation, while they are generally representative of actual concrete pavement age at the time of first rehabilitation. Also, it was found that asphalt pavements are typically rehabilitated when they are in good or fair condition according to Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) IRI criteria whereas concrete pavements are typically not rehabilitated until the pavement is in fair or poor condition.
3
Chen, Zheng, Shao Peng Wu, Mei Zhu Chen, and Jin Gang Wang. "Evaluation on Solar Heat Reflective Coatings to Reduce Asphalt Concrete Temperature." Materials Science Forum 620-622 (April 2009): 181–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.620-622.181.
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As the development of civil construction, the heat island effect in large cities of China has gradually become a social issue. Pavements, especially asphalt pavements, are considered to be one of the main causes of the heat island effect as they cover wide area of cities. In some regions, the surface of asphalt pavements can even be heated up to more than 70°C by solar irradiation in summer times due to the excellent heat-absorbing property of asphalt concrete. In this paper, a solar heat reflective coating on asphalt pavement was investigated to reduce asphalt pavements temperature and mitigate the heat island effect. A solar heat reflective coating was synthesized with certain component contents of resin, pigments, fillings and additives on the basis of the principles of heat reflection. The surface temperatures of the concrete covered by solar heat reflective coating and the reference were compared. Meanwhile, an accelerated loading test with loaded vehicles was performed for these two asphalt concretes. The influence of the reduction in the surface temperature on the air temperature was simulated. The research results indicate that the solar heat reflective coating can obviously reduce the surface temperature of asphalt concrete for its high light-reflection rate in the infrared and visible wavelength region. Furthermore, the accelerated loading test also suggests that this coating improves the rutting resistance of the asphalt concrete compared to the reference when exposed to the same irradiation strength. Therefore, this solar heat reflective coating on asphalt pavement could be adopted as a countermeasure against the heat island effect.
4
Al-Qadi, Imad L., Samer Lahouar, Kun Jiang, Kevin K. McGhee, and David Mokarem. "Accuracy of Ground-Penetrating Radar for Estimating Rigid and Flexible Pavement Layer Thicknesses." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1940, no. 1 (January 2005): 69–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198105194000109.
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In this paper, the accuracy of ground-penetrating radar (GPR) for estimating pavement layer thicknesses is studied on the basis of the investigation of 17 pavement sites in Virginia. The considered sites have different types of pavement systems (flexible, continuously reinforced, jointed concretes, and composite) and different ages (0 to 5 years; 10 to 15 years; older than 20 years with a surface less than 10 years; and older than 20 years with a surface older than 10 years). Because of the diversity of the test sections considered, the accuracy of the GPR thicknesses was studied for pavement age for the same type of pavement and against pavement type for sites of the same age category. For flexible pavements, the GPR thickness error was found to increase as the pavement's age increased (4.4% error for pavements 0 to 5 years old versus 5.8% error for pavements older than 20 years with surfaces older than 10 years). Moreover, for the same age category, flexible pavements were found to have a relatively high thickness error (4.4%) compared with the continuously reinforced concrete pavements (3.0%) and with the jointed plain concrete pavements (2.3%) because of the relative homogeneity of concrete for electromagnetic wavelength when compared with the different dielectric profile of aged hot-mix asphalt layer.
5
Niederquell, Michael, Gilbert G. Baladi, and Karim Y. Chatti. "Rubblization of Concrete Pavements: Field Investigation." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1730, no. 1 (January 2000): 150–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1730-18.
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Substantial resources are required to preserve aging highway systems. Various alternatives have been used for the rehabilitation of concrete pavements, including bonded and unbonded overlays, full-depth repair, crack and seat and asphalt overlay, joint and crack repairs, asphalt overlay, and rubblization with asphalt surface overlay. Presented are the results of extensive field investigation of rubblized concrete pavements. Various trenches were made in the rubblized pavements before the asphalt surface was placed. Some trenches were made at midslab, and others were made at old joints and cracks. In some trenches, permeability tests were conducted. Advantages and shortcomings of the rubblization procedures are presented and discussed. It is shown that well-executed rubblization procedures lead to durable pavements and that, for certain concrete pavements, rubblization is not a viable option because it may lead to inadequate pavement performance.
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Smirnov, Denis, Sergey Stepanov, Ruslan Garipov, Timur Garayev, and Tagir Sungatullin. "Influence of the porosity structure of road concrete on its durability." E3S Web of Conferences 274 (2021): 04009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202127404009.
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Cement-concrete pavements of roads and airfields are the most durable type of pavement. The design service life of cement-concrete pavements is 40-50 years, in Russia this period is 20-25 years, and for asphalt-concrete pavements is 10-15 years. The real, actual overhaul period of asphalt concrete pavements, is much lower than the design one (according to the Federal Road Agency of Russia «Rosavtodor», on average, 3-5 years or even less), therefore, work aimed at increasing the durability of cementconcrete pavements is of particular relevance. The main technical parameters of road concrete that characterize its durability are compressive strength, flexural tensile strength, water absorption and others. The most important parameter is the frost resistance of concrete, which is primarily influenced by the structure of the pore space. This paper shows the way of obtaining concretes based on aggregates, the frost resistance of which is lower than the frost resistance of the resulting concrete.
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Tutka, P., R. Nagórski, P. Radziszewski, M. Sarnowski, and M. Złotowska. "Durability of concrete pavement strengthened with asphalt layer with FRP fibres." Archives of Civil Engineering 64, no. 3 (September 1, 2018): 81–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ace-2018-0031.
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SummaryPavements made of cement concrete, used for road constructions, are damaged during use. This applies to both the pavements of rural and forest roads with very low traffic loads, as well as road pavements with high traffic loads. One of the most effective ways of repairing damaged concrete cement pavements is through placing an asphalt overlay on a concrete slab. In order to increase the fatigue life of the asphalt overlay, asphalt mixtures are modified with fibres. One technological solution is to use FRP (Fiber Reinforced Polymer), an innovative material with improved properties. The aim of this paper is to assess the impact of asphalt overlays modified with a new type of fibres to strengthen the durability of weakened cement concrete pavement structures. On the basis of the conducted analyses, it was shown that the use of an asphalt layer reinforcement increases fatigue life, for both 15 cm thick prefabricated slabs and a typical road pavement for average traffic made of 25 cm doweled and anchored concrete slabs. There was a significant increase in the fatigue life of the concrete pavement structure as a result of modifying the overlaid asphalt mixture with FRP fibres.
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Souder, Nicole C., John W. DeSantis, Julie M. Vandenbossche, and Steven G. Sachs. "Modeling the Development of Permanent Deformation in Asphalt Interlayers of Unbonded Concrete Overlays of Concrete Pavements." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2674, no. 9 (July 26, 2020): 489–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198120930013.
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Unbonded concrete overlay of concrete pavement (UBOL) is an effective rehabilitation method involving the construction of a new concrete pavement over a deteriorated concrete pavement, separated by an interlayer. While UBOL is used in practice to improve the structural capacity of existing concrete pavements, the performance of the interlayer is not currently accounted for in the pavement mechanistic–empirical design process. Therefore, the objective of this research is to improve prediction of UBOL performance by accounting for the effects of asphalt interlayer consolidation on the development of longitudinal cracks in the wheelpath. First, a laboratory investigation was performed using beams cut from in-service pavements in Michigan, Minnesota, and Pennsylvania to assess the susceptibility of permanent deformation of asphalt interlayers. This data was utilized in conjunction with a finite element analysis to develop/calibrate a permanent deformation prediction model for dense graded asphalt interlayers. The framework of the model follows that of the permanent deformation prediction model for asphalt surface pavements incorporated into the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) Mechanistic–Empirical Pavement Design Guide. In addition, a field analysis was conducted, using the Long-Term Pavement Performance (LTPP) database, to assess longitudinal cracking in the wheelpath caused by permanent deformation in asphalt interlayers. The laboratory-calibrated permanent deformation model was then validated using the performance data for UBOLs in the LTPP database and deformation thresholds for asphalt interlayers were established. This research resulted in the development of a framework for the prediction of longitudinal crack development in UBOLs because of permanent deformation in the asphalt interlayer.
9
Radziszewski, Piotr, Wioletta Jackiewicz-Rek, Michał Sarnowski, and Marek Urbański. "Fortification of Damaged Asphalt Pavements with Cement Concrete Slabs Reinforced with Next-Gen Bars – Part I: Laboratory Study." Archives of Civil Engineering 64, no. 3 (September 1, 2018): 67–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ace-2018-0030.
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AbstractOver the course of operation, asphalt road pavements are subjected to damage from car traffic loads and environmental factors. One of the possible methods of strengthening damaged asphalt pavements may be the application of an additional rigid layer in the form of a cement concrete slab with continuous reinforcement.This paper presents a material-technological and structural solution for composite pavement where a cement concrete slab with continuous HFRP bar reinforcement is used for strengthening. Based on laboratory tests, the serviceability of composite bar reinforcement of rigid pavement slabs was shown. A design for strengthening asphalt pavement with a concrete slab with steel bar and corresponding HFRP bar reinforcement was developed. The composition of a pavement cement concrete mix was designed, and experimental sections were formed. Based on laboratory tests of samples collected from the surfaces of experimental sections and the diagnostic tests carried out in “in situ” conditions, the authors will try, in the nearest future (Part II: In situ observations and tests), to confirm the effectiveness of strengthening asphalt pavements with cement concrete slabs with HFRP components.
10
Yan, Ke Zhen, and Zou Zhang. "Study on Mechanical Behavior of Asphalt Concrete Pavements with Non-Uniformity Gradient Materials." Advanced Materials Research 243-249 (May 2011): 4334–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.243-249.4334.
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Generally speaking, the asphalt concrete pavement will be affected by the temperature and aging when it is in the use, which makes the modulus of asphalt mixtures change as non-uniformity gradient. This paper assumes the different changes on the modulus of surface layer with different gradient and then researched the mechanical characteristics of asphalt concrete pavements with cracks and no cracks by the finite-element method . Moreover, the research focused on the stress and K I & K II of the asphalt concrete pavements affected by the modulus of surface layer changed as non-uniformity gradient. The results demonstrated that the larger the gradient on the modulus of the surface layer,the bigger the tensile stress and K I and K II of the asphalt concrete pavements, and K IIis even much bigger than K I. Consequently, it is of great importance to take into account the effect of the modulus of surface layer changed as non-uniformity gradient. It also makes a great significance for the revision of pavement design and the analysis of pavement damage mechanism.
11
Marques, Vagner da Costa, Bismak Oliveira de Queiroz, Diego Meira de Lacerda, Antônio Marcos de Araújo Gouveia, and Ricardo Almeida de Melo. "Mechanical Performance of Asphalt Mixtures with Natural Aggregates and Recycled Aggregates for Surface Course." Key Engineering Materials 600 (March 2014): 657–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.600.657.
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The recycled aggregates of construction and demolition solid waste can be used on pavements to decrease environmental impacts in cities. Thus, this study aimed to compare the mechanical performance of asphaltic mixtures made with natural aggregates and concrete recycled aggregates for surface course of pavements. The materials were collected in an asphalt mixing plant and in a construction and demolition solid waste recycling plant located in João Pessoa/PB, Brazil. The Marshall asphalt mix design was chosen to determine optimum asphalt content and evaluate mechanical performance of asphaltic mixtures. The asphalt mixtures specimens were composed of natural aggregates, and afterwards of recycled aggregates with percent contents of 25, 50 and 100. The optimum asphalt contents were 5.7 and 7.5%, Marshall stability of 1,070 and 790 Kgf, flow of 6.2 and 5.7 mm for natural aggregate asphalt mixtures and asphalt mixtures with 25% recycled aggregates, respectively. Moreover, percent air voids and percent voids filled with asphalt met the Brazilian DNIT: ES 031/2006 specified standard. However, the asphalt mixtures with 50 and 100% recycled aggregates did not meet the specified standard. Therefore, it was concluded that the replacement of natural aggregates with 25% recycled concrete aggregates in asphalt mixtures can be technically viable to build asphalt surface course on pavements, besides lowering pavement costs and decreasing environmental impacts.
12
Laurinavičius, Alfredas, and Donatas Ďygas. "THERMAL CONDITIONS OF ROAD PAVEMENTS AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON MOTOR TRAFFIC." TRANSPORT 18, no. 1 (February 28, 2003): 23–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/16483840.2003.10414059.
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The article presents the analysis of climatic conditions in the Republic of Lithuania and describes their influence on road asphalt concrete pavement. Dependence of the main properties of asphalt concrete mixtures on tempera~re is described with the help of carried out experiments. Research findings show that the probability of plastic defomations (rutting and corrugation) in asphalt concrete pavement is higher when the pavement temperature IS 20-40 C. Ptactical application of the presented conclusions and recommendations will enable to reduce the occurrence of undesirable deformations in asphalt concrete pavements and to improve traffic conditions on the roads.
13
Mun, Sungho. "Sound absorption characteristics of porous asphalt concrete pavements." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 37, no. 2 (February 2010): 273–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l09-142.
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This study investigates the sound absorption characteristics of porous asphalt concrete (PAC) pavements using an impedance tube to assess noise reduction performance. It is clearly shown that an improved attenuation of sound wave energy is achieved by adjusting the air void content, aggregate gradation, and PAC pavement thickness, based on measurements of sound absorption coefficients. In addition, traffic noise measurements taken from PAC pavements in the field are compared to those taken from dense-graded asphalt concrete (DGAC), which is widely used in pavement materials.
14
Chen, Mei Zhu, Wei Wei, and Shao Peng Wu. "On Cold Materials of Pavement and High-Temperature Performance of Asphalt Concrete." Materials Science Forum 620-622 (April 2009): 379–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.620-622.379.
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With global climate becoming warmer more and more attention is being paid to cold materials. Lower surface temperature contributes to decrease the temperature of the ambient air as heat convection intensity from a cooler surface is lower. Such temperature reductions can have significant impacts on cooling energy consumption in urban areas, a fact of particular importance in hot climate cities. The black surface of asphalt pavement absorbs more heat from the sun, and higher temperature of pavement surface contributes to increase the effect of the urban heat island, but affects the performance and life span of a pavement. Asphalt pavements form an integral part of any transportation system and are typically engineered to last 15 years or more, but many have been failing early due to potholes, cracks, raveling and other problems. Cool pavement are mainly aimed to decrease the effect of asphalt pavement on the urban heat island, but the influence of cold materials on the high-temperature performance of asphalt concrete pavement is paid little attention relatively. In this paper, it’s discussed that the effect of asphalt-pavement high temperature and its improving measures. And the mechanism of cool pavements is introduced, and possible technologies applied to asphalt pavements are reviewed. The idea of asphalt concrete pavement with automatic temperature-control is put forward.
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Gschwendt, Ivan. "Extending the Service Life of Pavements." Slovak Journal of Civil Engineering 26, no. 1 (March 1, 2018): 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/sjce-2018-0004.
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Abstract The cost of road construction and expenditures on the maintenance of pavements, i.e., their whole life cost, represents a lot of money. The paper describes a procedure for a pavement management system with degradation models and estimates the length of time for the rehabilitation of an asphalt pavement. Using a theory of pavement mechanics, we calculated the stresses and strains on the layers of two pavement models. High modulus asphalt concrete, an asphalt mix with a high binder content, and an asphalt mix with binder modifications are new road building materials. Prolonging the time for the rehabilitation of pavements is possible.
16
Yue, Zhong Qi, and Otto J. Svec. "Effects of tire – pavement contact pressure distributions on the response of asphalt concrete pavements." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 22, no. 5 (October 1, 1995): 849–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l95-103.
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The paper presents the development of a computer program VIEM for the elastic analysis of multilayered elastic pavements under the action of arbitrary tire–pavement contact pressure distributions. The techniques adapted in VIEM primarily involves the use of a two-dimensional numerical integration to integrate point load solutions over the distributed pressure after discretizing the contact area into a finite number of triangular or quadrilateral elements. Values of contact pressure are inputted at the node points of discretized area. Numerical verification of VIEM indicates that numerical solution of high accuracy can be efficiently calculated for the elastic response of multilayered asphalt pavements. As a result, the determination of displacements and stresses (strains) can be achieved using a personal computer. With the use of VIEM, a theoretical investigation is further performed to illustrate the effects of tire–pavement contact pressure distributions on the response of asphalt concrete pavements. An in situ measured tire–pavement contact pressure distribution is utilized in the investigation. The response of asphalt concrete pavements due to the action of this measured contact pressure distribution is examined and compared with that due to the action of a uniform and circular contact pressure distribution by taking into account the influences of moduli and thicknesses of structural layers. The results of this investigation confirm theoretically a general consensus that details of the contact pressure distribution affect stresses and strains near the surface of the pavement, whereas the response in the lower layers depends mainly on the overall load. In particular, the contact pressure distributions have a significant effect on the horizontal tensile strains at the bottom of thin asphalt concrete layer which control the fatigue failure of asphalt pavements. Key words: tire–pavevment interaction, three-dimensional stress analysis, asphalt concrete pavements, numerical integration, multilayered elastic solids, point load solution.
17
Smith, K. L., K. D. Smith, T. E. Hoerner, and M. I. Darter. "Effect of Initial Pavement Smoothness on Future Smoothness and Pavement Life." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1570, no. 1 (January 1997): 60–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1570-08.
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Initial pavement smoothness has an effect on the future smoothness and life of asphalt concrete (AC) and portland cement concrete (PCC), as well as AC overlays of existing AC and PCC pavements. Initial pavement smoothness has a significant effect in 80 percent of new construction (both AC and PCC pavements) and in 70 percent of AC-overlay construction. Furthermore, using two different analysis techniques, added pavement life can be obtained by achieving higher levels of initial smoothness. Combined results of roughness-model and pavement-failure analyses indicate at least a 9 percent increase in life corresponding to a 25 percent increase in smoothness from target profile index (PI) values of 7 and 5 in./mi (0.11 and 0.08 m/km) for concrete and asphalt pavements, respectively.
18
Junwei, Zhang, Li Jinping, and Quan Xiaojuan. "Thermal Stability Analysis under Embankment with Asphalt Pavement and Cement Pavement in Permafrost Regions." Scientific World Journal 2013 (2013): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/549623.
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The permafrost degradation is the fundamental cause generating embankment diseases and pavement diseases in permafrost region while the permafrost degradation is related with temperature. Based on the field monitoring results of ground temperature along G214 Highway in high temperature permafrost regions, both the ground temperatures in superficial layer and the annual average temperatures under the embankment were discussed, respectively, for concrete pavements and asphalt pavements. The maximum depth of temperature field under the embankment for concrete pavements and asphalt pavements was also studied by using the finite element method. The results of numerical analysis indicate that there were remarkable seasonal differences of the ground temperatures in superficial layer between asphalt pavement and concrete pavement. The maximum influencing depth of temperature field under the permafrost embankment for every pavement was under the depth of 8 m. The thawed cores under both embankments have close relation with the maximum thawed depth, the embankment height, and the service time. The effective measurements will be proposed to keep the thermal stabilities of highway embankment by the results.
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Xie, Tao, Yan Jun Qiu, Ze Zhong Jiang, and Bo Lan. "Study on Crack Propagation Behavior of Asphalt Concrete under Uniaxial Compression Load by Using CT." Key Engineering Materials 348-349 (September 2007): 289–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.348-349.289.
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Various asphalt pavement distresses, such as longitudinal cracking, thermal (transverse) cracking, and reflective cracking, are directly related to the fracture properties of the asphalt materials used in the pavement layers. The fracture resistance of asphalt materials significantly influences the service life of asphalt pavements and consequently affects the maintenance and rehabilitation costs of the pavement network. Therefore, there is significant interest in understanding the mechanism of fracture in asphalt pavements and in developing analysis tools that would lead to the selection of asphalt materials with increased fracture resistance. This paper reports a research effort of dynamic observation of the micro-fracture process of asphalt mixture under uniaxial compressed condition by using CT (computerized tomography) method. CT images were analyzed to investigate the process of micro-fracture of asphalt concrete. Research results show that the abnormal belt of density damage of asphalt concrete is the initiation belt of cracking and the turning point in the curve of stress and density distress increment is the point of cracking failure of asphalt concrete.
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Wei, Lian Yu, Kai Wang, Shi Ning Li, Shi Bin Ma, and Yang Feng Wu. "Temperature Stress Analysis of Concrete Overlay on Old Asphalt Pavement." Advanced Materials Research 255-260 (May 2011): 3416–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.255-260.3416.
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Temperature is one of the most important factors affecting the design and performance of both flexible and rigid pavements. The functional as well as the structural performance of flexible and rigid pavements is highly dependent on the temperature regime to which these pavements are exposed. Temperature variations within pavement structure contribute to distress and possible failure of that structure. According to pavement temperature stress calculation principle, based on general finite element software ANSYS, the paper adopt three-dimensional finite element method analysed temperature stress in concrete overlay on old asphalt pavement,in which discussed influence law of overlay thickness and modulus, equivalent rebound modulus on base course top and overlay structure parameters to temperature stress, providing theoretical principle and basis for old asphalt concrete pavement overlay method base on reliability.
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Stroup-Gardiner, Mary, David E. Newcomb, Roger Olson, and Jerry Teig. "Traffic Densification of Asphalt Concrete Pavements." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1575, no. 1 (January 1997): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1575-01.
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A 5-year study of newly constructed pavements showed that a reduction in in situ air voids occurred both within and between wheelpaths for highways with an average daily traffic (ADT) load of less than 10,000 vehicles. Regardless of the level of voids immediately after construction, mixtures in the upper 65 mm (2.5 in.) within the wheelpath indicated a reduction in voids by 3 to 5 percent (e.g., from 10 to 6 percent voids), and by between 2 to 4 percent between the wheelpaths. Because only limited densification occurred below this depth for lower–traffic-volume facilities, reducing the mix design level of air voids from 4 percent to 2 percent for the lower lifts was suggested so that lower initial voids could be obtained during construction. An evaluation of older pavements indicated that moisture damage to the lower pavement layers was typical; thus, a change in mix design procedures might also help improve durability by increasing the film thickness. Pavements with high traffic volumes (>50,000 ADT) consistently indicated an increase in voids over time in the upper lift [40 mm (1.5 in.)], little change in the middle 65 mm (2.5 in.), and a decrease in the bottom 65 mm (2.5 in.). The hypothesis suggested to explain these findings was that a loss of material in the upper lifts was occurring, most probably due to moisture damage as the upper, more permeable wear course, commonly used in Minnesota, allowed water trapping at the wear and binder course (i.e., less permeable) interface. A further investigation of in situ void changes on an interstate indicated that for a pavement constructed with the same fine gradation in all lifts, traffic compacted the mixtures in a manner similar to that in low-volume roads. When the initial in situ voids increased from around 7 percent to nearly 10 percent, the influence of traffic on the densification was substantially increased.
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Hossain, Mustaque, Affan Habib, and Todd M. Latorella. "Structural Layer Coefficients of Crumb Rubber–Modified Asphalt Concrete Mixtures." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1583, no. 1 (January 1997): 62–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1583-08.
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Structural layer coefficients for crumb rubber–modified (CRM) asphalt concrete mixtures were developed from the backcalculated moduli values using the falling weight deflectometer (FWD) test results on in situ pavements. Several test sections of recently built crumb rubber–modified pavements on three routes in Kansas (I-135, K-32 and US-56) were selected for this study. I-135 is a newly built asphalt pavement and the other two are gap-graded CRM overlays. Deflection data were collected with a Dynatest 8000 FWD at 21 locations at 7.5-m intervals on each test section on I-135, 22 locations on K-32, and 11 locations on US-56. For CRM asphalt mix overlays, the average surface layer coefficients from the equal mechanistic approach of analysis were found to vary between 0.11 and 0.46 with most values falling around 0.30. This indicates a lower structural layer coefficient value for the asphalt-rubber mix compared with the conventional asphalt concrete. For newly constructed CRM asphalt pavements, the structural layer coefficients varied from 0.25 to 0.48, with the average value around 0.35. These values are close to the design layer coefficient values used for conventional asphalt concrete layers. Large variabilities in computed structural layer coefficients for the rubblized jointed reinforced concrete pavement were observed. The structural layer coefficients computed for this layer varied from 0.10 to 0.35.
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Vaitkus, Audrius, Judita Gražulytė, Rita Kleizienė, Viktoras Vorobjovas, and Ovidijus Šernas. "Concrete Modular Pavements – Types, Issues And Challenges." Baltic Journal of Road and Bridge Engineering 14, no. 1 (March 28, 2019): 80–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.7250/bjrbe.2019-14.434.
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According to the European Asphalt Pavement Association, more than 90 per cent of the European road network is paved with asphalt. Constantly increasing traffic volume and climate change accelerate deterioration of current pavements. As a result, there arises a need to rehabilitate them prematurely. Repair and rehabilitation work lead to traffic congestion, which is one of the most significant concerns in highly trafficked roads and urban streets. Concrete modular pavements consisting of precast concrete slabs are a reasonable solution to deal with the road works since their construction, as well as repair, is time-saving. Repair works typically are implemented during a low traffic period (usually at night). A primary purpose of concrete modular pavements is heavily trafficked roads and other transport areas. This paper focuses on concrete modular pavements, their types, issues and challenges related to their design, slab fabrication and pavement construction. The conducted analysis revealed 15 different types of concrete modular pavements that differ from the techniques of slab joints and load transfer between the adjacent slabs. More than 20 issues and challenges related to the design of modular elements, slab fabrication and pavement construction were identified. Finally, the existing practice of concrete modular pavements was summarised and the gaps of scientific knowledge, as well as a need for comprehensive research, were defined.
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Shi, Bao Hua, Wen Pu Ning, Han Wei Wang, and Tao Sun. "Covering and Reinforcement Key Technologies of Airport Old Cement Concrete Pavement." Applied Mechanics and Materials 193-194 (August 2012): 843–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.193-194.843.
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Cement concrete pavements were used in most airports built early in China. Nowadays the main task of airports is how to cover and reinforce damaged pavements. To ensure the life-span of pavement after covering, on the basis of analyzing the treatment methods of original cement concrete pavement, cement and asphalt concrete were used to realize the covering and reinforcement of old cement concrete pavement, and key technologies of Preventing reflective cracks of concrete pavement were put forward, which had a good result in practice
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Bekheet, Wael, Yasser Hassan, and AO Abd El Halim. "Modelling in situ shear strength testing of asphalt concrete pavements using the finite element method." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 28, no. 3 (June 1, 2001): 541–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l01-011.
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Rutting is one of the well-recognized road surface distresses in asphalt concrete pavements that can affect the pavement service life and traffic safety. Previous studies have shown that the shear strength of asphalt concrete pavements is a fundamental property in resisting rutting. Laboratory investigation has shown that improving the shear strength of the asphalt concrete mix can reduce surface rutting by more than 30%, and the SUPERPAVE mix design method has acknowledged the importance of the shear resistance of asphalt mixes as a fundamental property in resisting deformation of the pavement. An in situ shear strength testing facility was developed at Carleton University, and a more advanced version of this facility is currently under development in cooperation with the Transportation Research Board and the Ontario Ministry of Transportation. In using this facility, a circular area of the pavement surface is forced to rotate about a normal axis by applying a torque on a circular plate bonded to the surface. The pavement shear strength is then related to the maximum torque. This problem has been solved mathematically in the literature for a linear, homogeneous, and isotropic material. However, the models for other material properties are mathematically complicated and are not applicable to all cases of material properties. Therefore, developing a model that can accurately analyze the behaviour of asphalt concrete pavements during the in situ shear test has proven pivotal. This paper presents the development of a three-dimensional finite element model that can simulate the forces applied while measuring the shear strength of the asphalt concrete pavement. A comparison between the model results and those obtained from available analytical models and field measurements proved the accuracy of the developed model.Key words: shear strength, in situ testing, finite element, asphalt, pavement, modelling.
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Divandary, Hasan, and Yaser Bashkoul. "Evaluate the use of Recycled Asphalt Pavement (RAP) in the Construction of Roller Compacted Concret Pavement (RCC)." Civil Engineering Journal 4, no. 5 (June 3, 2018): 1157. http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/cej-0309164.
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One of the issues and problems of today's world is the massive amount of debris and trashes, especially asphalts resulting from the removal of worn-out pavements of urban roads. Recycled asphalt crumbs (RAP) are waste materials that certainly have significant undesirable effects on the surrounding environment. Given the properties reported by these materials, there are various ways to reuse these materials. One of the applications that has been considered by researchers is the use of these materials in cement mixtures, including concrete production. This is while a large amount of asphalt fragment is continuously produced in the repair and maintenance of roads. It is therefore desirable to be used in conventional mixtures used in construction of road pavements. In this regard, the present study investigates the use of recyclable asphalt materials in pavement roller shuttle (RCC) with the aim of reducing waste and its negative impacts on the environment. By examining the documentation and performing numerous experiments, it has been found that roller concrete made from recycled asphalt can be used as a suitable pavement for low traffic and rural roads, as well as for the final covering of a wide range of sidewalks.
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Arudi, Rajagopal S., Issam Minkarah, Krishna Kandula, and Archana Gosain. "Performance Evaluation of Asphalt Overlays on Broken and Seated Concrete Pavements." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1543, no. 1 (January 1996): 55–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198196154300107.
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Evaluating the effectiveness of breaking and seating concrete pavements prior to asphalt overlay is a subject of great importance for pavement rehabilitation. A number of studies reported that breaking and seating delayed reflection cracking, but some indicated that, after 4 to 5 years, the cracking of the asphalt overlays on broken and seated sections increased and was about the same as in the other sections. Structural analysis of these pavements confirmed a significant loss of structural support. A controlled experimental project in Ohio investigated the effectiveness of breaking and seating jointed reinforced concrete pavements before asphalt overlay. Four miles of in-service composite pavements carrying heavy traffic were rehabilitated by milling the original asphalt layer, breaking and seating the concrete slabs, and constructing new asphalt overlays. Four more miles of the same sections were constructed in the same way except for breaking and seating. After 2 ½ years of study, the results confirm the previous findings regarding the effectiveness of breaking and seating in delaying reflection cracks and reduction in structural capacity, increase in surface deflection, and loss of flexural strength. This study indicates that the type of breaking equipment used and the extent of breaking are the most significant factors affecting the performance of these pavements.
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Lee, Sang Ho, Hee Bum Pyun, Chae Sung Gee, and Jong Bin Park. "Development of Environmental-Friendly Water-Retentive Asphalt and its Characteristics." Materials Science Forum 620-622 (April 2009): 201–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.620-622.201.
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Urban area may be warmer than surrounding regions due to asphalt and concrete for roads, buildings, and other artificial structures. Especially, pavements have become an important contributor to this effect by altering land-cover over significant portions of an urban area. Therefore, researchers have studied ways to reduce the heat island effect such as cooling pavement, porous pavements such as water-retentive or water absorbing pavements. Accordingly, this study aims at the development of water-retention asphalt pavement for urban areas in order to solve problems related to the distortion of water cycle and the heat island phenomena. Experimental results indicated that asphalt pavement using developed water retaining material was effective to decrease its surface temperature compare to other pavements. A correlation between air temperature and surface temperature of the pavement was obtained to estimate the efficiency of the developed pavement materials.
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Pyun, Hee Bum, Ree Ho Kim, Sang Ho Lee, and Jong Bin Park. "Study on Thermal Environmental Characteristics of Water-Retentive Asphalt Pavement." Materials Science Forum 658 (July 2010): 264–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.658.264.
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Urban area may be warmer than surrounding regions due to asphalt and concrete for roads, buildings, and other artificial structures. Especially, pavements have become an important contributor to this effect by altering land-cover over significant portions of an urban area. Therefore, researchers have studied ways to reduce the heat island effect such as cooling pavement, porous pavements such as water-retentive or water absorbing pavements. Accordingly, this study aims at the development of water-retention asphalt pavement for urban areas in order to solve problems related to the distortion of water cycle and the heat island phenomena. Experimental results indicated that asphalt pavement using developed water retaining material was effective to decrease its surface temperature compare to other pavements. A correlation between air temperature and surface temperature of the pavement was obtained to estimate the efficiency of the developed pavement materials.
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Cao, Xing Song, Dong Wei Cao, Shi Xiong Liu, Xio Qiang Yang, and Lin Lan. "Performance Evaluation of a Novel High Durability Epoxy Asphalt Concrete for Bridge Deck Pavements." Applied Mechanics and Materials 488-489 (January 2014): 550–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.488-489.550.
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A novel high durability epoxy asphalt concrete for bridge deck pavements is introduced in this paper, including the manufacturing process of epoxy asphalt binder and laboratory evaluation for this material. Various laboratory tests were conducted to evaluate the pavement performance of the materials, such as fatigue test, wheel tracking test, moisture susceptibility test and thermal stress restrained specimen test. Test results show that epoxy asphalt concrete has 20137 cycles/mm dynamic stability at 70°C, and-28.4 °C fracture temperature. The fatigue equations of epoxy asphalt concrete at different temperatures were obtained. Findings from the research indicate that the epoxy asphalt concrete is a suitable material for the pavement of long-span steel bridges in China due to its profound performance.
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Kara De Maeijer, Patricia. "Special Issue: Recent Advances and Future Trends in Pavement Engineering." Infrastructures 5, no. 4 (April 5, 2020): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/infrastructures5040034.
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This Special Issue “Recent Advances and Future Trends in Pavement Engineering” has been proposed and organized to present recent developments in the field of innovative pavement materials and engineering. For this reason, the articles and state-of-the-art reviews highlighted in this editorial relate to different aspects of pavement engineering, from recycled asphalt pavements to alkali-activated materials, from hot mix asphalt concrete to porous asphalt concrete, from interface bonding to modal analysis, from destructive testing to non-destructive pavement monitoring by using fiber optics sensors.
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Boulbibane, M., I. F. Collins, D. Weichert, and L. Raad. "Shakedown analysis of anisotropic asphalt concrete pavements with clay subgrade." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 37, no. 4 (August 1, 2000): 882–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t00-007.
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The essence of a shakedown analysis is to determine the critical shakedown load for a given pavement. Pavements operating above this load are predicted to exhibit increased accumulation of plastic strains under long-term repeated loading conditions that eventually lead to incremental collapse (e.g., deep ruts). Those pavements operating at loads below this critical level may exhibit some initial distress, but will eventually settle down to a steady state in which no further mechanical deterioration occurs. Conventional pavement design procedures assume that the pavement deteriorates indefinitely. However, there is now ample field evidence that this is not always true and that steady-state conditions are frequently achieved. The materials in the various layers of the pavement are modeled as elastic-plastic Mohr-Coulomb materials. Anisotropic strength effects are studied as well as the influences of variable temperature, stiffness, strength, and thickness of the asphalt concrete layer. A lower bound approach is used to provide safe estimates of the critical shakedown load.Key words: shakedown theory, multilayered pavements, anisotropy.
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Nishizawa, Tatsuo, Shigeru Shimeno, Akinori Komatsubara, and Masashi Koyanagawa. "Temperature Gradient of Concrete Pavement Slab Overlaid with Asphalt Surface Course." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1730, no. 1 (January 2000): 25–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1730-04.
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In the structural design of composite pavement with a concrete pavement slab overlaid with an asphalt surface course, it is very important to estimate the temperature gradient in the concrete slab. An asphalt surface course reduces the temperature gradient in an underlaid concrete slab, resulting in the reduction of thermal stress of the concrete slab. This effect was investigated by temperature measurement in model pavements and by thermal conductivity analysis. Thermal properties were estimated by a backanalysis by using measured temperatures over 1 year. From the numerical simulations varying the thickness of asphalt surface and concrete slab, the relationship between the reduction effect and the asphalt thickness was derived as a function of the thickness of asphalt surface course, which can be used in the structural design of the composite pavement.
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Owusu-Antwi, Emmanuel B., Lev Khazanovich, and Leslie Titus-Glover. "Mechanistic-Based Model for Predicting Reflective Cracking in Asphalt Concrete–Overlaid Pavements." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1629, no. 1 (January 1998): 234–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1629-26.
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One of the most common types of pavement on the national highway system is composite asphalt concrete (AC) over portland cement concrete (PCC). With a large percentage of PCC pavements either approaching or at the end of their design lives, AC overlay of PCC pavements has become one of the most common methods of rehabilitation. This has resulted in several thousand kilometers of composite AC/PCC pavements. As the level of heavy truck traffic loading continues to increase on a majority of pavements, it is likely that the total length of composite pavements in the nation will continue to increase considerably in the coming years. A common type of distress that occurs on these composite pavements is reflective cracking. This occurs when the joints or cracks in the underlying PCC pavement reflect through the AC overlay. A performance model that can be used to predict accurately the amount of reflective cracks in composite AC/PCC pavements has enormous potential uses. The development of a mechanistic-based performance model for predicting the amount of reflective cracks in composite AC/PCC pavements is described. Data from the Long-Term Pavement Performance database were used to develop the model. Using the principles of fracture mechanics, it is illustrated that a mechanistic-based model can be developed that closely models the real-life behavior of composite pavements and predicts the amount of reflective cracks. Because of the mechanistic nature of the model, it is particularly effective for performance prediction for design checks and pavement management. Also, since the model can take into account the relative damaging effect of the actual axle loads in any traffic distribution, it has great potential for application in cost allocation.
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Alland, Kevin, Julie M. Vandenbossche, John W. DeSantis, Mark B. Snyder, and Lev Khazanovich. "Comparing the Bonded Concrete Overlays of Asphalt-Mechanistic Empirical Design Procedure and the Short Jointed Plain Concrete Pavement Module in the Pavement Mechanistic Empirical Design Procedure." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2672, no. 40 (October 12, 2018): 242–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198118798724.
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Bonded concrete overlays of asphalt pavements (BCOA) consist of a concrete overlay placed on an existing asphalt or composite pavement. This technique is intended as a cost-effective rehabilitation solution for marginally distressed in-service asphalt or composite pavements. BCOA with panel sizes between 4.5 ft and 8.5 ft have become popular as they reduce curling stresses while keeping the longitudinal joints out of the wheelpath. The BCOA-ME (mechanistic empirical) design procedure and Pavement ME short jointed plain concrete pavement (SJPCP) module can both be used to design BCOA with mid-size panels. However, these design procedures differ in the assumptions used to develop the mechanistic computational model, fatigue models used to predict failure, treatment of environmental conditions, estimate of asphalt stiffness, consideration of structural fibers, the application of traffic loading, and the calibration process. This results in the procedures producing different overlay thicknesses and predicted distresses. The strengths and limitations of each procedure are evaluated and comparisons are made between the design thicknesses obtained from them.
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Fang, Yingwu, and Michel Sargious. "Combined effect of repeated loads and low temperatures on asphalt pavements." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 21, no. 4 (August 1, 1994): 674–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l94-067.
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This research was undertaken to study the combined effect of repeated vehicle loads and low temperatures on the design thickness for both recycled and virgin asphalt pavements. It included three parts of work: theoretical analysis, laboratory tests, and computation. In the theoretical analysis, the finite layer method was used instead of the conventional layered theory to obtain the relationship between vehicle loads and the mechanical parameters in the pavement layers. In the laboratory tests, the behaviour of a recycled asphalt concrete mix consisting of 42% reclaimed and 58% new material was compared with that of a virgin asphalt concrete mix of similar characteristics. Finally, a computer program FPAVE was developed to determine the pavement thicknesses directly and conveniently. These thicknesses were then plotted in the form of curves for comparing the two types of pavements as well as for comparison with the thickness at 22 °C. Key words: asphalt pavement, fatigue, pavement design, recycling, temperature.
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Lukashevich, Viktor, Igor Efanov, Viktor Vlasov, and Olga Lukashevich. "Asphalt concrete pavement reinforced with chemical fibers." MATEC Web of Conferences 216 (2018): 01013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201821601013.
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Asphalt concrete pavement which is currently built in accordance with the existing requirements does not withstand the standard service life. Various kinds of damages occur. Fiber reinforcement of asphalt concretes is one of the effective means to deal with deformations and fractures of road pavements, such as rutting, buckling, crack formation and shear. Chemical fibers serving as reinforcement are of great concern herein. The major purpose of this work was evaluation of reinforcement fibers resistance to natural environment and climatic impacts within the conditions of experimental production construction and studying compactibility of asphalt concrete mixture with fiber reinforcement. Infrared spectroscopy and physical-chemical investigations of fibers were used to study changing properties of fiber-forming polymer. Compactibility of asphalt concrete mixture with fiber reinforcement was determined upon compaction factor. Research results revealed insignificant influence of natural environment and climatic impacts on the properties of fiber reinforcement material. In order to obtain the standard compaction factor of asphalt concrete additional compacting impact is not required.
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Greene, James, Ohhoon Kwon, Abdenour Nazef, and Bouzid Choubane. "A Long-Term Performance Evaluation of an Experimental Concrete Overlay." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2672, no. 40 (July 21, 2018): 275–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198118787632.
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Flexible pavements are often rehabilitated by milling distressed asphalt and placing new asphalt at a thickness that accounts for expected traffic growth and pavement life. However, there are many reported benefits to concrete overlays as a method to rehabilitate and preserve distressed asphalt pavements. In 1988, the Florida Department of Transportation designed and constructed an unbonded concrete overlay on US-1 between Daytona Beach and Titusville. The 1.9-mile concrete overlay was part of a larger 8-mile milling and resurfacing of a deteriorated asphalt pavement. The concrete overlay test sections were divided into three groups based on design thicknesses of 6, 7, and 8 inches. Each of these groups included subsections with three joint spacing levels and two dowel bar configurations consisting of standard 12-inch spacing and wheel path only. The overlay sections are still in service with no major rehabilitation effort. The primary distress is pavement roughness found in sections with wheel path dowels only. The section with the most cracked slabs had joint spacings of 20 ft, which is no longer recommended. This paper documents the experimental program and presents the analysis and findings.
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Dong, Ying Na, Qiang Huang, and Hua Ping Wang. "Thermal Effect Mechanism on Composite Pavement Consisted of Asphalt Surface Overlay and Concrete Layer." Applied Mechanics and Materials 178-181 (May 2012): 1532–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.178-181.1532.
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Composite pavement consisted of flexible asphalt surface overlay and rigid concrete base layer has come up. Though it occupies advantages of asphalt and concrete pavements, still there are problems containing thermal cracking, rutting deformation and pothole which result from the out-sync shrinkage of temperature. Therefore, influence of temperature on the composite pavement structure has been analyzed with methods of theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. And results indicate that the thickness of asphalt layer in some sense determines the influence extent of temperature and worst case happens at the concrete joints, which means that the optimal asphalt (Here, the best choice of asphalt thickness equals 16cm) and suitable joints should be designed.
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Jiang, Ze Zhong, Tao Xie, Yan Jun Qiu, and Bo Lan. "Crack Propagation Behavior of Asphalt Concrete; Part II: A Study into Influence of Loading Rates." Key Engineering Materials 385-387 (July 2008): 301–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.385-387.301.
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Cracking has long been accepted as a major mode of premature failure in flexible pavements. Expected life of pavements, pavement condition and maintenance cost are directly related to pavement cracking. It is crucial to have a sufficient understanding of cracking mechanism in order to produce a sound and safe material and structural design of asphalt pavements. Simulation, surveying, observation, and measurement of cracking in pavement structures have been reported in literature in last three decades. However, cracking process in asphalt mixtures in a three dimensional scale is still a great challenge to road engineers. Using SIEMENS SOMATOM plus X-ray CT (computerized tomography) and multi-functional testing rig, a dynamic observation of cracking propagation of hot mix asphalt was conducted in this research. Marshall samples of AC20 were used under uniaxial compressive stress state. Stress and strain behavior was observed during the compressive failure process of asphalt mixtures. Cracking propagation in the samples can be clearly observed and failure mode and stress-strain behavior can then be simulated. Research results show that loading rate is a critical factor influencing cracking velocity and cracking density.
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Radziszewski, P., M. Sarnowski, A. Plewa, and P. Pokorski. "Properties of Asphalt Concrete with Basalt-Polymer Fibers." Archives of Civil Engineering 64, no. 4 (December 1, 2018): 197–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ace-2018-0052.
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Abstract Asphalt mixtures are commonly used for the pavement construction for national roads with a high traffic load, as well as local roads with low traffic load. The constructions of local road pavement consisting of thinner, more flexible layers located on less stable subbase than the pavement of national roads, require reinforcement with asphalt layers characterized by increased fatigue life. Technologies that allow quick repairs and reinforcements, while improving the durability of the road pavement are being sought. Such technologies include the use of modifications of asphalt mixtures with special fibers. The paper presents the results of investigations of the properties of asphalt mixtures modified with innovative basalt-polymer fibers FRP. On the basis of the obtained test results according to the Marshall method, stiffness modulus and fatigue durability, the technical properties of asphalt mixtures with FRP fibers addition were improved. This technology significantly increases the fatigue life of asphalt concrete dedicated for repairs and reinforcements of road pavements.
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Траутваин, Анна, Anna Trautvain, Андрей Акимов, Andrey Akimov, Василий Денисов, Vasiliy Denisov, Максим Лашин, and Maksim Lashin. "FEATURES OF THE METHOD OF SURROUNDED DESIGN OF ASPHALT-CONCRETE ON SUPERPAVE TECHNOLOGY." Bulletin of Belgorod State Technological University named after. V. G. Shukhov 4, no. 3 (April 10, 2019): 8–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.34031/article_5ca1f62f6b9a09.67742444.
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The article describes the technology of designing asphalt pavements, according to the Superpave method. The Superpave System (SUperior PERforming Asphalt PAVEments) is developed by the US Strategic Highway Research Program (SHRP). The goal of the program is to search for new ways of designing asphalt concrete pavements that will work better under extreme temperatures and intensive traffic loads. The Superpave system is primarily concerned with two problems associated with road surface: constant deformation, which is a consequence of insufficient strength of asphalt concrete in shear at high temperatures; and low-temperature damage, which is formed during the compression of the asphalt concrete pavement, the tensile stress exceeds the tensile strength. The solution of these problems is carried out by the most rational selection of components of the asphalt concrete mix. This technology has interested Russia relatively recently. In 2016, preliminary national standards have been translated and issued. They describe requirements of materials for design and selection of the mixture. The article reviews technical documentation in order to develop a methodology for the selec-tion of asphalt mix. In the course of the research, the technological features of selection and design of the asphalt mix using the given method are considered and a block diagram is made for the selection of asphalt composition. This system makes it possible to design the fine-grained and gravel-mastic as-phalt mixes. The introduction of foreign experience in the construction of roads can contribute to the quality improvement of Russian highways
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Ullah, Rafi, Imran Hafeez, Syed Bilal Ahmed Zaidi, Jamal Jamal, and Safeer Haider. "Study the Effect of Substitution Filler on performance of Asphalt Mixture." Civil Engineering Journal 6, no. 9 (September 1, 2020): 1704–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/cej-2020-03091576.
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The major distresses in asphalt pavements are rutting, fatigue, and adhesion loss (moisture susceptibility). In this research study, two substitution fillers (Cement and Lime) were used with two different aggregate quarries (based on minerals composition) to evaluate the relatively most beneficial combination of both fillers as well as an aggregate quarry to enhance the performance life of asphalt pavements, especially in under-developed countries. Four basic tests, (Asphalt Pavement Analyzer, Four Points Bending Beam, Dynamic Modulus, and Rolling Bottle Test) that used for the most desired properties of any asphalt pavement, were utilized to access the performance properties of modified asphalt mixture. Based on all laboratory test results this research study concludes that replacement of aggregate filler with hydrated lime and cement has a beneficial effect on asphalt mix performance and to save investment by using raw material. Substitution filler improves the high-temperature rut performance and intermediate temperature fatigue performance of asphaltic concrete mixture up to 25% to that of the conventional mixture. At the same time, substitution filler has more beneficial to improve 70% adhesion properties to that of the conventional mixture.
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Ai, Chang Fa, Yan Jun Qiu, Tao Xie, and Bo Lan. "CT Real-Time Analysis of Meso-Damage Propagation Law of Asphalt Concrete." Key Engineering Materials 348-349 (September 2007): 305–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.348-349.305.
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Cracking is one of the major distress types of asphalt pavements. Expected life of pavements, pavement condition and maintenance cost are directly related to pavement cracking. It is necessary to promote the understanding of cracking mechanism of hot mix asphalt (HMA) based on fracture mechanics. Simulation, surveying, observation, and measurement of cracking in pavement structures have been reported in literature in last three decades. However, cracking process in asphalt mixtures in a three dimensional scale is still a great challenge to road engineers. This paper reports a research effort of dynamic observation of the micro-fracture process of asphalt mixture under compressed condition using CT (computerized tomography) method. Through CT scanning, the clear CT images, which include the microcrack compressed, growth, bifurcation, development, the crack fracture, and the asphalt concrete sample failure were obtained. The CT numbers, CT images and the other data were analyzed. Analysis of the relationship between of CT number and volumetric strain suggests that damage value at zero volumetric strain can be used as threshold point in damage analysis. Corresponding stress value can be used as maximum allowable stress in design practice.
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Gharaibeh, Nasir G., and Michael I. Darter. "Probabilistic Analysis of Highway Pavement Life for Illinois." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1823, no. 1 (January 2003): 111–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1823-13.
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The Illinois Department of Transportation has periodically conducted pavement longevity studies to assess the longevities and the traffic loadcarrying capacities of these new and rehabilitated pavements so that any needed improvements to design, construction, or rehabilitation could be identified and implemented in a timely manner. The results of the latest round of pavement longevity studies in Illinois provide performance data updated through 2000 for new hot-mix asphalt concrete (HMAC), jointed reinforced concrete pavement (JRCP), and continuously reinforced concrete pavement (CRCP) construction as well as the asphalt concrete (AC) overlays (first, second, and third overlays) of these original pavements. These studies were conducted on more than 2,000 centerline miles of Interstate and other freeways that were constructed beginning in the 1950s in Illinois. Significant findings on the performance of the original pavements and overlays were obtained, and these findings will be of value to designers and managers to improve pavement cost-effectiveness and life. Survival curves have an economic impact on the agency. Key findings show the impact of pavement type (HMAC, JRCP, or CRCP), slab thickness, geographic location (north or south), durability cracking (D-cracking), and AC overlay thickness (coupled with preoverlay condition) on longevity and load-carrying capacity. The results of the probabilistic analysis illustrate the wide variation in pavement life and traffic carried. The study also provides models for predicting the probability of survival for various designs of original pavements and AC overlays in Illinois for use in pavement management.
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Hall, Kathleen T., and Amy Schutzbach. "Implementation Feasibility of Asphalt Concrete–Overlaid Portland Cement Concrete Pavement Rehabilitation Guidelines." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1568, no. 1 (January 1997): 155–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1568-19.
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Illinois Highway Research Study IHR-532 was conducted to develop project-level guidelines for evaluation, rehabilitation selection, and rehabilitation design for existing asphalt concrete–overlaid portland cement concrete (AC/PCC) pavements in Illinois. Use of these guidelines depends on data that are not normally available for network-level analysis. A study was conducted to assess the feasibility of implementing these guidelines in network-level decision making and to assess the effects that implementing these guidelines for selection of rehabilitation methods for existing asphalt-overlaid concrete pavements would have on the overall rehabilitation budget requirements for a district network of Interstate pavements, the overall network condition, and pavement network remaining life. These objectives were met by comparing the IHR-532 rehabilitation strategy (which identifies one or more rehabilitation options) with the Illinois Department of Transportation’s current rehabilitation policy, which is an AC overlay thickness of 83 mm (3.25 in.). This feasibility analysis indicated that the selection of the preferred rehabilitation strategy was strongly related to the type and condition of the existing pavement. It also indicated that the IHR-532 rehabilitation strategy and the single rehabilitation strategy yielded similar networkwide results when compared on the basis of average condition at the end of the analysis period. However, the IHR-532 rehabilitation strategy indicated greater benefit than the single rehabilitation strategy, at any budget level, when compared on the basis of network average remaining life at the end of the analysis period.
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Xiao, Feipeng, Serji Amirkhanian, and C. Hsein Juang. "Rutting Resistance of Rubberized Asphalt Concrete Pavements Containing Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement Mixtures." Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering 19, no. 6 (June 2007): 475–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0899-1561(2007)19:6(475).
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Di Mascio, Paola, Giuseppe Loprencipe, and Laura Moretti. "Technical and Economic Criteria to Select Pavement Surfaces of Port Handling Plants." Coatings 9, no. 2 (February 18, 2019): 126. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings9020126.
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A port is an intermodal system in which many logistics activities requiring properly constructed areas occur. The large extension of these areas poses a major problem in choosing materials with technical and economic implications. Choice and design of pavements are directly related to the port handling systems and procedures for the disposal of the cargo units. The paper presents the design and verification procedures for three equivalent pavements for a handling pavement in an Italian medium-sized port trafficked by reach stackers moving containers. An asphalt pavement, a concrete pavement, and a concrete block pavement have been considered during the 20-year service life. Empirical and analytical methods have been adopted to design and verify the pavements. The structures have been examined in terms of economic concerns during the overall service life, considering both construction and maintenance costs, in order to determine the most cost-effective option. The results demonstrate the inappropriateness of asphalt pavement, in the examined case, from a construction costs point of view. Furthermore, the overall discounted costs show an inversion of convenience between block concrete pavement and cast in situ concrete: the latter is the cheaper solution. The proposed methodology can balance often conflicting objectives in matters of durability and funds management, providing answers to a complex topic.
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Horvath, Arpad, and Chris Hendrickson. "Comparison of Environmental Implications of Asphalt and Steel-Reinforced Concrete Pavements." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1626, no. 1 (January 1998): 105–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1626-13.
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The public, industry, and governments have become increasingly interested in green design and sustainable development. Construction activities affect the environment significantly, so environmental issues should be considered seriously. Thousands of miles of roads are paved every year with asphalt and steel-reinforced concrete. What are the environmental effects of the two materials? If asphalt has been used overwhelmingly over concrete, is it a better choice for sustainable development? We present results of a life cycle inventory analysis of the two materials based on publicly available data. We find that for the initial construction of equivalent pavement designs, asphalt appears to have higher energy input, lower ore and fertilizer input requirements, and lower toxic emissions, but it has higher associated hazardous waste generation and management than steel-reinforced concrete. When accounting for the uncertainty in the data and when annualizing environmental effects based on assumed average service lives of the two pavement types, the resource input requirements and the environmental outputs are roughly comparable for the two materials. However, asphalt pavements have been recycled in larger quantities than concrete pavements, with consequent resource savings and avoided pollution, which suggests that asphalt may be a better choice from a sustainable development viewpoint. Of course, special functional requirements or economics may dictate the use of one material over the other in particular applications regardless of the overall environmental effects.
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Huang, Xiao Lan, and Jun Xiong. "Performance of Permeable Asphalt Pavement during Rainfall Infiltration." Applied Mechanics and Materials 90-93 (September 2011): 774–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.90-93.774.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this paper is to summarize the performance of permeable asphalt pavements (PAP) and to recommend future areas of research and development. The development of PAP as an integral part of sustainable drainage systems is reviewed in the context of traditional and modern urban drainage. The difference between the permeable asphalt pavement and the ordinary bituminous concrete pavement is discussed. A description of the seepage calculation model based on the structural characteristics of PAP is presented. And also water level fluctuations of both the water permeable asphalt pavement and the ordinary bituminous concrete pavement are analyzed by comparing their numerical simulation results. Finally the drainage performance of the water permeable asphalt pavement is demonstrated. The long-term effectiveness of permeable pavement as an alternative to traditional impervious asphalt pavement is examined. The simulation results could provide significant guidance for the structure design of water permeable asphalt pavement.