Journal articles: 'Pavier'

1

JOHNSON, GERALD D. "Thomas Pavier, Publisher, 1600–25." Library s6-14, no. 1 (1992): 12–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/library/s6-14.1.12.

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Hailey, R. Carter. "The Shakespearian Pavier Quartos Revisited." Studies in Bibliography 57, no. 1 (2005): 151–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/sib.0.0007.

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Tymkowicz, Shane, and Robert F. Steffes. "Vibration Study for Consolidation of Portland Cement Concrete." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1574, no. 1 (January 1997): 109–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1574-15.

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The Iowa Department of Transportation has discovered an increase in the occurrence of excessively vibrated portland cement concrete (PCC) pavements. The overconsolidation of PCC pavements has been observed in several projects across the state. Overconsolidation is also believed to be a factor in acceleration of premature deterioration of at least two pavement projects in Iowa. To address the problem, a research project in 1995 documented the vibratory practices of PCC slipform paving in Iowa in order to determine the effect of vibration on consolidation and air content of pavement. Paver speed, vibrator frequency, and air content relative to the location of the vibrator were studied. The study concluded that the Iowa Department of Transportation specification of 5,000 to 8,000 vibrations per minute (vpm) for slipform pavers is effective for normal paver speeds on the three projects that were examined. Excessive vibration was clearly identified on one project where a vibrator frequency of 12,000 vpm was discovered. When the paver speed was reduced to half the normal speed, hard air contents indicate that excessive vibration was beginning to occur in the localized area immediately surrounding the vibrator at a frequency of 8,000 vpm. The study also indicates that the radius of influence of the vibrators is smaller than has been claimed.

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Deng, Jie, and Ye Li. "Design and Analysis of Paver Leveling Control System." Key Engineering Materials 667 (October 2015): 470–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.667.470.

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Asphalt paver is the main machinery and equipment for asphalt paving job, the performance of its automatic leveling control system is the key factors of the pavement. This paper analyzes the effect of deformed arm on paver leveling control system and the main factors influencing leveling system performance. On the basis of that, it proposes structural adjustment programs of paver leveling system to enhance its performance.

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Abidin, AHZ, RC Omar, R. Roslan, Hairin Taha, and KA Sanusi. "Natural Coating from VG2S in Reducing Surface Temperature." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4.35 (November 30, 2018): 656. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.35.23079.

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Urban heat island (UHI) is a condition where urban area experiences increase in temperature than rural area caused by the affect from the modification of land surfaces. In urban areas, roads are one of the main elements that contribute to UHI as roads are mostly paved with dark pavement. When pavements become hotter, the excess heat is radiated back into the atmosphere resulting in a higher surrounding temperature than those in rural areas. The objective of this study is to develop a new coating material for pavers from VG2S that can reduce surface heat. Two methods were used in this study, immersed and layered methods for comparing standard paver with new innovated paver with VG2S coating. FLIR thermal imaging camera and infrared thermometer gun are used for measuring surface heat. The surface heat result shows reduction in surface temperature by 5°C to 10°C compared to uncoated standard sample and white paint color pave sample (control) which are slightly lower by 1°C to 2°C from coating sample. The studies demonstrated that VG2S coating can be applied as cool coatings and contribute to a significant reduction of the cooling demand in warm climates.

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Xiao, Jiang, and Zhou Yan Yu. "The Research on Applying High Precision Ultrasonic Ranging in the Auto-Levelling System of Paver." Advanced Materials Research 443-444 (January 2012): 3–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.443-444.3.

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Paver can finish paving, ramming and pressing in a time, with certain density, thickness, width. It is suitable for various grades of highway, airport and road construction. The auto-levelling system, as an important part of paver, makes paver simple operation, safe and reliable, greatly reduce the loss of raw material and manpower, and the control accuracy directly influences the quality of paving flatness. The problems faced of auto-levelling system are introduced firstly. Secondly, ultrasonic sensor range finder technology at home and abroad and the present situation and basic principle, characteristics of ultrasonic sensor are clarified. Third,the range affecting factors of the ranging accuracy are found and appropriate method is put forward to compensating and correcting. Eventually, the method applied in the CPLD EPM570T100C5N, based on the C8051F040 singlechip , ultrasonic ranging circuit are formed. This paper illustrates the hardware and software design of every circuit module.

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He, Boqian, and Ji Xu. "The application of simultaneous paver liquid cement sprinkling system in the road construction of Yun-Mao Highway." E3S Web of Conferences 233 (2021): 01135. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202123301135.

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The simultaneous paver liquid cement sprinkling system is the combination of a conventional paver and a simultaneous liquid cement sprinkler. During operation, the cement sprinkler can be installed onto a paver with the use of connectors. When paving the stabilization aggregate mixture, this system sprinkles liquid cement on the working surface. This device can effectively solve the common quality issues such as the formation of cement isolation layer and road pollution, as a result of premature hardening of the pre-sprinkled liquid cement during road construction in high-temperature environments.

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Gang, Wei, and Mao Xinbo. "Performance Assessment on Fiberglass-Polyester Paving Mat Being Applied in Asphalt Mixture Complex." Advances in Civil Engineering 2020 (July 20, 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8861475.

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This paper mainly studies performances of the asphalt mixture complex paved with fiberglass-polyester paving mat. We have examined the performances of the complex paved with fiberglass-polyester paving mat by measuring assessment indexes of the asphalt mixture complex such as low-temperature crack resistance, reinforcement strength, soaking shear performance, and fatigue performance and found that a layer of fiberglass-polyester paving mat between the base cement concrete and the topping asphalt mixture can effectively enhance performances of the asphalt mixture complex. First, the bending test and the cleavage test show that complex test pieces paved with fiberglass-polyester paving mat have better flexibility and carrying capacity, thus delaying emergence and extension of reflection cracks in the topping asphalt mixture. Second, the stress control fatigue test and the strain control fatigue test show that complex test pieces paved with fiberglass-polyester paving mat can remarkably prolong fatigue life of the complex, thus prolonging service life of the asphalt pavement. Finally, the soaking shear test and the shear fatigue test show that compared with waterproof roll and glassfiber grid, fiberglass-polyester paving mat can improve shear resistance of the complex test piece more effectively and enhance its durability.

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Nie, Guang Hua, and Peng Fei Cheng. "Research of the Paver Starting Pressure." Applied Mechanics and Materials 341-342 (July 2013): 451–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.341-342.451.

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Asphalt paver usually produces pressure shock in the starting process, makes the velocity fluctuations increase, have great influence on pavement quality. This paper carried out the analysis of the causes of asphalt paver started the process of starting pressure, through simulation software to analyze the influence of different starting time of starting pressure driving system in commonly paving speed, puts forward the measures to reduce the hydraulic impact.

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Lakusic, Stjepan. "Making the asphalt paving process explicit - A fundamental step for quality improvement." Journal of the Croatian Association of Civil Engineers 72, no. 11 (December 2020): 1031–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.14256/jce.2427.2018.

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The objective of the paper is to make explicit the paving operations, the related asphalt temperature and density data, and the logistic process, as a fundamental step to identify improvement opportunities. For that, temperature data, roller compactor trajectories, asphalt density, paver speed, and trucks logistics, were collected. The results, analysis, and feedback received, point to specific opportunities for improvement, including avoiding the paver start-stop cycles, uniform compaction of the entire pavement surface, and definition of roller compaction strategy.

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Santos, Cristiano De Assumpção, Elisandro Pires Frigo, Késia Damaris de Azevedo Frigo, Caroline Thaís Eckert, Jonathan Dieter, Helton José Alves, Luciene Kazue Tokura, and Reginaldo Ferreira Santos. "Impact of pervious pavement in urban areas on catchment basin recovery." Semina: Ciências Agrárias 39, no. 1 (February 16, 2018): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2018v39n1p39.

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Urbanization and disorderly occupation of urban areas have created several environmental problems, such as floods. Among the main causes of these problems is soil sealing associated with urban sprawl. Impervious surfaces provide less precipitation to recharge catchment basins by diverting water that should be restored in that region to other basins. This study compares two existing paving systems: concrete pavers with permeable joints and porous concrete pavers. Our objective was to learn which system better promotes the recovery of catchment basins and, consequently, mitigate problems caused by increasing surface runoff in urban areas. In order to reach the results, precipitations were simulated using lysimeters and a rainfall simulation infiltrometer at rainfall rates of 45, 60, and 90 mm h-1. The analyzed paving systems represented characteristics of public sidewalks. This experiment indicates that porous concrete pavers (99.86%) and concrete pavers (99.59%) present mean infiltration similar to that of grass cover (100%) and thereby can promote water infiltration into soil and the recovery of catchment basins in urban areas.

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Hou, Rong Guo, Bo Tian, and Lei Quan. "The Research on the Temperature Resistance Test of Polypropylene Geotextile in Asphalt Overlay." Applied Mechanics and Materials 178-181 (May 2012): 1287–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.178-181.1287.

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The melting point of polypropylene geotextile is 170 centigrade. However, during the repaving design of the old cement concrete pavement, the paving temperature of the asphalt mixture is often 160-170 centigrade or above. Therefore, it is very important to verify that whether the polypropylene geotextile can be paved under a high temperature. Through the modeling and analysis of temperature fields and relevant temperature tests in the laboratory, the paper has tested the surface temperatures of the polypropylene geotexile when the asphalt mixture is paved under a high temperature. The results show that, under a simulated paving temperature of over 190 centigrade, the highest temperature of polypropylene geotextile is only about 160 centigrade, which is lower than its melting point. Therefore, the polypropylene geotextile can be used for the paving under a high temperature.

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Meera, Miss, B. Durga Vara Prashad, and Supratic Gupta. "Experimental Investigations on Concrete with Fly Ash and Marble Powder for Paver Blocks." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 3.32 (August 26, 2018): 120. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.32.18410.

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The construction industry is capable of absorbing large amounts of wastes by utilizing them in other useful products. Thermal power plants and marble industries produce huge quantities of bi-products which causes environmental problems. Utilization of these in concrete will save natural resources to some extent and solve the disposal. Interlocking concrete block pavements are simple to construct and maintain. The main objective of this research is to develop an eco-friendly paver block while considering the economy as a defining parameter. In this research, experimental investigations were carried out on the paver blocks to know the feasibility of using fly ash and marble powder. For paving block concrete, it is partly replaced with cement and aggregates with fly ash and waste marble powder. Various tests for mechanical and durability properties were conducted. All the properties were improved when compared to the control mix. Utilization of fly ash and marble powder in concrete reduces the cost of paver blocks and making it economical and eco-friendly.

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Nguyen, Vanliem, Zhenpeng Wu, Beiping Zhang, and Zhang Jian Run. "Vibration Analysis and Control of a Vibration Screed System for Asphalt Pavers." International Journal of Acoustics and Vibration 25, no. 3 (September 30, 2020): 363–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.20855/ijav.2020.25.31649.

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To reduce shaking of a vibration screed system (VSS) and improve the paving performance of an asphalt paver (AP), the root-mean-square (RMS) acceleration responses at points on the front and rear screed floors are analyzed via an experimental method. A 3D nonlinear dynamic model of the VSS is also built to evaluate the influence of the dynamic parameters of the VSS on the compression efficiency, paving quality, and working stability of the AP based on the objective functions of the vertical, pitching, and rolling RMS values at the centre of gravity of the screed. The angular deviations, $alpha$ and $gamma$, of the tamper are then controlled to improve the paving performance. The research results show that the excitation frequency, $f_{t}$, and both angular deviations, $alpha$ and $gamma$, of the tamper strongly affect the paving performance. The compression efficiency is quickly enhanced, while both paving quality and working stability are significantly reduced with increasing the excitation frequency $f_{t}$ and reducing the angular deviations. $alpha$ and $gamma$. and vice versa. Additionally, the screed shaking and paving performance of the AP are remarkably improved by control of the angular deviations, $alpha$ and $gamma$, under different working conditions.

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Sun, Jian, and Gui Yun Xu. "Dynamics Analysis of Double-Tamper Mechanism for Asphalt Paver." Applied Mechanics and Materials 130-134 (October 2011): 566–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.130-134.566.

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Owing to the tamping mechanism of paving machines, the shocks towards flatiron-box are produced by compound motion of tamping beam. This significantly influences the road paving quality. In this paper, the dynamics model of double-tamper mechanism is established and the vibration process is simulated by the numerical analysis software—Matlab. Through the analysis of double-tamper mechanism, we can get the impact regularity of the vibrating beam inertia force and moment of inertia as a result of the vibration frequency and amplitude. It provides a reference for the design of double-tamper mechanism for asphalt paver and the adjustment of construction parameters.

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Nogueira, Xavier Rojas, and Jeremy Mennis. "The Effect of Brick and Granite Block Paving Materials on Traffic Speed." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 19 (October 1, 2019): 3704. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16193704.

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Slowing traffic speed in urban areas has been shown to reduce pedestrian injuries and fatalities due to automobile accidents. This research aims to measure how brick and granite block paving materials, which were widely used historically prior to the use of asphalt paving in many cities, may influence free flow traffic speed. Traffic speeds for 690 vehicles traversing street blocks paved with asphalt, granite block, and brick materials were measured using a radar gun on a sample of 18 matched pair (asphalt and historic paving material) street blocks in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Fixed effects linear regression was used to estimate the effect of paving material on vehicle speed after controlling for the street class (e.g., arterial versus local road) and the matched pair. Results indicate that brick reduced speeds by approximately 3 mph (~5 km/h) and granite block reduced speeds by approximately 7 mph (~11 km/h), as compared to asphalt paved city streets, which we attribute to drivers intentionally slowing due to road roughness. This research suggests that brick and granite block paving materials may be an effective traffic calming strategy, having implications for reducing negative health outcomes associated with pedestrian–automobile collisions.

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Hindarto, Bagus, Fadelan Fadelan, and Muhammad Malyadi. "RANCANGAN ALAT PEMOTONG PAVING KAPASITAS 275 POTONG/JAM DILENGKAPI PENGUKUR SUDUT." KOMPUTEK 1, no. 1 (October 17, 2017): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.24269/jkt.v1i1.39.

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Implementation of a project there are three main aspects which is an indicator of the sustainability of cost, schedule and quality. The project succeeds when the time and cost of the implementation are as planned. One of them is paving installation project. The average paving cut process takes 90 seconds for 1 paving d using a cutting grinder. Disadvantages of cutting grinding is a long time, but it also causes dust and noisy sound, resulting from knife blades with paving. The current tool is not equipped with an angle meter, for cutting with a certain angle only forecasting only. The use of arcs manually takes a longer time.The purpose of this plan is to accelerate the process of cutting paving according to the shape and size of the Pav- ing cutting will be more efficient when equipped with angle measurement. The planning of this tool using a mechanical system, work by clamping the object to be cut and only one press for cutting 1 paving. The result of the planning of the paving cutter with angle engraver is ob- tained by the difference of cutting time for paved rectangular paved 15o, 30 °, 40 ° 45o each 81 seconds, 75 seconds, 75 seconds, 83 seconds time difference for paving rectangle with cut length 10cm and 20cm are respectively 66 seconds and 86 seconds while the time difference for paving the hexagon with a length of 160m and 22 cm is 72 seconds respectively and To sec. The average time required for each cutting ± 13 seconds cut.

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Luo, Tian Hong, Xin Fu Gan, and Wen Jun Luo. "Simulation Technologies for Tamper System of Asphalt-Paver Based on AMESim." Advanced Materials Research 129-131 (August 2010): 1098–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.129-131.1098.

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Tamper mechanism is one of the most important parts in all of Asphalt-pavers. In this article, the mathematical model of the tamper system has been established and the stability of the system has been analyzed by using Matlab. According to the operating principle of tamper system of Asphalt-paver, the simulation model of tamper system of Asphalt-paver has been established by using AMESim. The main parameters of the model were set, and then, the simulation results were analyzed, which show that the system is stable and the dynamic performance of system will be improved, when accumulator and PID controller were equipped. Besides, the tamping frequency of hammer is very important to the performance of system. When tamping frequency of hammer over 20HZ, the performance of system will go bad.

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Jian, Sun. "Structure Analysis and Optimization for Compacting System of Asphalt Paver." Open Mechanical Engineering Journal 9, no. 1 (February 20, 2015): 86–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874155x01509010086.

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Compound motion of double-tamper mechanism causes an impact force on the frame of flatiron-box, which affects the quality of the load when the asphalt paver is running. Different from the previous simplified model, in this paper, the double-tamper mechanism with two parallel slider-cranks is considered. According to the analysis of the structure and principle of the mechanism, and considering the size and mass distribution of each component, the inertia force balance optimization for the double vibrating mechanism is calculated. According to the results of optimization, the vibration experiments were carried out on real screed. The experimental results show that, the harmful inertial force produced by the dual tamping mechanism has been significantly reduced, and the stability of vibration can be effectively improved when screed is paving. The research could provide reliable theoretical method and basis for design, manufacturing and use of asphalt concrete paver.

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Raut, Sandesh S., and Abhijit Warudkar. "Pervious Concrete Paver Blocks." Journal of Advances and Scholarly Researches in Allied Education 15, no. 2 (April 1, 2018): 506–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.29070/15/56878.

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Tao, Wu. "Digital Walking Control System Study for Asphalt Paver Based on DSP." Advanced Materials Research 621 (December 2012): 309–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.621.309.

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The digital control system of the walking system of the asphalt paver based on the TMS320LF2407 DSP is introduced in this paper. The paper accomplishes the software and hardware design of the control system, integrates the PID and fuzzy control into the design of the digital control system so as to conduct constant-velocity control under paving. The thesis proves fuzzy-adjustable-PID control is superior to traditional PID control by simulation and analysis. The feasibility and rationality of control system design are proved by the test.

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Chang, George K., Kiran Mohanraj, William A. Stone, Daniel J. Oesch, and Victor (Lee) Gallivan. "Leveraging Intelligent Compaction and Thermal Profiling Technologies to Improve Asphalt Pavement Construction Quality: A Case Study." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2672, no. 26 (June 1, 2018): 48–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198118758285.

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Intelligent compaction (IC) is an emerging technology with rollers equipped with global navigation satellite system (GNSS), an accelerometer-based measurement system, and an onboard color-coded display for real-time monitoring and compaction control. Paver-mounted thermal profiling (PMTP) is used to monitor asphalt surface temperatures behind a paver with a thermal scanner, and to track paver speeds, stops, and stop durations. Leveraging both IC and PMTP technologies allows for paving and compaction controls in real time, and for executing appropriate adjustments as needed. A case study is used to demonstrate the advantage of using both IC and PMTP over conventional operations. Postconstruction asphalt coring and tests, as well as pavement profile surveys were conducted to provide asphalt density data and pavement smoothness acceptance data for comparison and correlation analysis with IC and PMTP data. The data from 2 days of operations, one without the Material Transfer Vehicle (MTV) and another with the MTV, were analyzed and compared to illustrate the benefits of using IC, PMTP, and MTV for producing quality pavement products. Durability and smoothness are two key construction qualities for agencies and users of hot mix asphalt (HMA) pavements. These two factors also affect the long-term structural and functional pavement performance.

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Silva, Fabiana Maria, Vânia Regina Ferreira Santos, Lubienska Cristina L. J. Ribeiro, Marta Siviero Guilherme Pires, Rosa Cristina Cecche Lintz, and Luísa Andréia Gachet-Barbosa. "Interlocking Tactile Concrete Paver with Addition of Steel Fibers." Applied Mechanics and Materials 467 (December 2013): 253–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.467.253.

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This work deals with the investigation of the performance of concrete with addition of steel fibers for production of interlocking paver. Was accomplished an experimental dosage of concrete and the addition fibers contents were 40Kg/m3, the molded pavers with conventional concrete and with addition of steel fibers and were accomplished tests of compression strength and water absorption, through the preliminary results, we verified that are satisfactory and achieve the specifications of Brazilian standard (ABNT NBR 9781:2013) and some international (ASTM-C936:1996 e CSA A231.2:1995).

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Tripathy, Devashree, Amirali Abdolrashidi, Laxmi Narayan Bhuyan, Liang Zhou, and Daniel Wong. "PAVER." ACM Transactions on Architecture and Code Optimization 18, no. 3 (June 2021): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3451164.

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The massive parallelism present in GPUs comes at the cost of reduced L1 and L2 cache sizes per thread, leading to serious cache contention problems such as thrashing. Hence, the data access locality of an application should be considered during thread scheduling to improve execution time and energy consumption. Recent works have tried to use the locality behavior of regular and structured applications in thread scheduling, but the difficult case of irregular and unstructured parallel applications remains to be explored. We present PAVER , a P riority- A ware V ertex schedul ER , which takes a graph-theoretic approach toward thread scheduling. We analyze the cache locality behavior among thread blocks ( TBs ) through a just-in-time compilation, and represent the problem using a graph representing the TBs and the locality among them. This graph is then partitioned to TB groups that display maximum data sharing, which are then assigned to the same streaming multiprocessor by the locality-aware TB scheduler. Through exhaustive simulation in Fermi, Pascal, and Volta architectures using a number of scheduling techniques, we show that PAVER reduces L2 accesses by 43.3%, 48.5%, and 40.21% and increases the average performance benefit by 29%, 49.1%, and 41.2% for the benchmarks with high inter-TB locality.

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Tang, Guo Qi, Dong Wei Cao, Ke Zhong, and Xiao Qiang Yang. "Technological Study on Interlayer Bonding of Double-Layer Porous Asphalt Pavement." Applied Mechanics and Materials 405-408 (September 2013): 1725–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.405-408.1725.

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The interlayer bonding of double-layer porous asphalt pavement will show more variations with different construction technologies, such as one-step molding by double-layer (hot on hot) paver, or paving layer by layer (hot on cold) with or without tack coat, and the variations will definitely have influences on pavement structure. Different interlayer technologies are studied in this paper on three levels including simulation experiments on specimen by indoor preparation, calculation of pavement mechanics, and construction of testing road, so that optimal interlayer bonding technology for double-layer porous asphalt pavement is discussed in combination with its effect on permeability.

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Wang, Lian Xi, Guang Hui Pan, Fu Yong Li, Hai Ming Wang, and Guo Zhong Li. "Research in the Preparation of Paving Bricks with Construction Garbage." Advanced Materials Research 712-715 (June 2013): 917–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.712-715.917.

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Construction garbage paving bricks were made of recycled coarse and fine aggregates which were prepared by the waste concrete. The influence of replacement rate of recycled coarse aggregates, water-binder ratio and excitation agent dosage on the compressive strength and flexural strength of construction garbage paving bricks were researched. The experimental results show that optimum replacement rate of recycled coarse aggregates, water-binder ratio and excitation agent dosage were 100%, 0.43 and 1.5% respectively. In this proportion, the 7d, 28d compressive strength of the products were 15.6MPa, 37.5MPa respectively, and the 7d, 28d flexural strength were 2.0MPa, 4.3MPa respectively, which fit the requirements of the Cc30 level of compressive strength and the Cf4.0 level of flexural strength involved in JCT 446-2000 "concrete pavers".

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Santos, Vânia Regina Ferreira, Fabiana Maria Silva, Lubienska Cristina L. J. Ribeiro, Marta Siviero Guilherme Pires, Rosa Cristina Cecche Lintz, and Luisa Andréia Gachet-Barbosa. "Contribution from the Use of Alternative Materials in Concrete for Accessibility on Sidewalks." Advanced Materials Research 905 (April 2014): 306–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.905.306.

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This study aims to address the question of accessibility on sidewalks in accordance with Rule 9050 of the Brazilian Association of Technical Standards (ABNT NBR 9050:2004) and analyze the feasibility of using alternative materials (steel fibers, construction waste and rubber) to produce Interlocking tactile concrete paver. It was performed an experimental dosage of concrete with 04 specimens: reference, with steel fiber, with rubber and with steel fiber and construction waste. The pavers molded with conventional concrete and with the addition of alternative materials were tested as for compression strength and water absorption and the results were satisfactory, meeting the specifications of the Brazilian standard.

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Mu, Ke, Zhiwei Gao, Xin Shi, and Yanwei Li. "Interface Behavior of Asphalt Pavements Constructed by Conventional and Double-Decked Paving Methods." Materials 13, no. 6 (March 17, 2020): 1351. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13061351.

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Asphalt pavement consists of multiple layers of asphalt with a progressive decrease of nominal maximum aggregate size from the bottom to the top, which can be constructed by the double-decked or the conventional paving method (i.e., layer by layer). Reliable interface strength between the fine- and the coarse-grained layer of asphalt mixture is prerequisite to ensure the serviceability of the asphalt pavement. This study aims to compare the interface behavior of the asphalt pavement constructed by the conventional and the double-decked paving methods through laboratory and trial pavement tests. Laboratory test results show that the interface strength of the specimen prepared by the double-decked paving method is mainly contributed by the interlocking of the coarse- and the fine-grained asphalt mixture, fundamentally different from the conventional paving method, in which the interface strength is mainly provided by the tack coat oil. More importantly, the interface shear strength and the uniaxial tensile strength of specimens prepared by the double-decked paving method are about 1.5–1.8 times larger than that of specimens prepared by the conventional paving method. To verify the applicability of laboratory experimental findings to the practical engineering, a trial road was paved in situ using both double-decked and conventional paving methods. Cored specimens were collected from the trial road and their interface strengths are tested. Comparisons of the interface strength obtained from cored specimens further prove that the asphalt pavement constructed by the double-decked paving method has larger interface strength than that of the asphalt pavement constructed by the conventional paving method.

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Crispino, Maurizio, Emanuele Toraldo, Filippo Giustozzi, and Edoardo Mariani. "Recycled Concrete Mixes for Slip-Form Paving of Roads and Airports." Key Engineering Materials 711 (September 2016): 730–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.711.730.

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Slip-form paving is gaining consensus in road and airport construction due to high production rates and automation of the process. Concrete slabs are extruded by pulling the forms continuously through and surrounding the plastic concrete mass. The technology uses low-slump cement concrete mixes so that the fresh mass is able to hold its shape once the slip-form paver has passed; besides low-slump, several other parameters should be considered for a proper slip-form concrete mix, especially at the fresh state. To date, recycling is being commonly adopted in concrete mixes to address sustainability in construction of transport infrastructures. Recycled Concrete Aggregates (RCA) are used to reduce the consumption of virgin materials although their increased porosity leads to higher absorption and generally lower mechanical performance. The present study aimed at evaluating the compatibility of 100% recycled concrete mixes with slip-form paving; recycled concrete was tested to evaluate the fresh-state properties as well as the hardened strength. Results showed that slip-form effective and high-resistance mixes could be prepared by using high content of RCA.

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Gupta, Rishi, Neeta Raj Sharma, Caterina Valeo, Mohit Garg, Ashutosh Sharma, Sakshi Aneja, Shiv O. Prasher, and C. Peter Constabel. "Novel Integration of Geopolymer Pavers, Silva Cells and Poplar Trees for In-Situ Treatment of Car-Wash Wastewater." Sustainability 12, no. 20 (October 14, 2020): 8472. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12208472.

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This paper presents an eco-friendly, low-impact development (LID) approach, developed and implemented at a car wash site for a cleaner and greener environment. In this approach, the contaminated water discharged after car washing is treated as it is directed through an engineered, ecology-based water-management design. The design involves poplar (Populus deltoides) trees, Silva Cells®, and Fly-ash based Geopolymer concrete pavers working collectively to minimize the percolation of contaminants into the soil. In this novel system, each component has a vital role. For instance, the extensive roots of the poplar trees enable water filtration owing to phytoremediation effect; while the Silva Cells® promote stormwater management, planting of poplar trees and serve as a foundation for paver blocks. Lastly, the paver blocks made from industrial waste allow it to withstand urban load and infiltrate water runoff, thereby reducing runoff quantities. To evaluate the efficacy of contaminant uptake by this system, pH, electrical conductivity and turbidity, which are indicators of water quality levels, were monitored pre- and post-treatment. The percentage change in total dissolved solids indicates the potential of this treatment system for effective treatment of the contaminated car wash water.

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Starke, P., P. Göbel, and W. G. Coldewey. "Effects on evaporation rates from different water-permeable pavement designs." Water Science and Technology 63, no. 11 (June 1, 2011): 2619–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2011.168.

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The urban water balance can be attenuated to the natural by water-permeable pavements (WPPs). Furthermore, WPPs have a 16% higher evaporation rate than impermeable pavements, which can lead to a better urban climate. Evaporation rates from pavements are influenced by the pavement surface and by the deeper layers. By a compared evaporation measurement between different WPP designs, the grain size distribution of the sub-base shows no influence on the evaporation rates in a significant way. On the contrary, a sub-base made of a twin-layer decreases the evaporation by 16% compared to a homogeneous sub-base. By a change in the colour of the paving stone, 19% higher evaporation rates could be achieved. A further comparison shows that the transpiration-effect of the grass in grass pavers increases the evaporation rates more than threefold to pervious concrete pavements. These high evapotranspiration rates can not be achieved with a pervious concrete paving stone. In spite of this, the broad field of application of the pervious concrete paving stone increases the importance in regard to the urban climate.

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Wang, Dong Qing, En Rong Mao, and Xiu Jie Yin. "Research on Deviation Correction Control Technique of the Paver’s Traveling System." Advanced Materials Research 490-495 (March 2012): 1777–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.490-495.1777.

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In order to improve the performance of crawler paver’s traveling and reduce the paver’s straight traveling deviation, a new control plan of paver’s traveling system was proposed. In the control plan, the left wheel control method adopted velocity closed loop control in order to keep constant-speed moving of the paver. The right wheel control method adopted the series structure of fuzzy control and PID control in which the fuzzy controller slightly adjusted the right wheel set point of PID controller according to the distance difference variable and velocity difference variable of paver’s left wheel and right wheel. In the working condition of straight paving, the real time deviation correction is achieved to assure paver’s straight traveling.

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Deng, Changqing, Yingjun Jiang, Zhanchuang Han, Hongwei Lin, and Jiangtao Fan. "Effects of Paving Technology, Pavement Materials, and Structures on the Fatigue Property of Double-Layer Pavements." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2020 (October 3, 2020): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/5038370.

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Double-layer paving technology, which is a new technology for construction asphalt pavements, has received increasing research attention for several years. However, few studies have focused on the effect of asphalt pavement layer thickness and mixture-type combinations on the fatigue properties of a double-layer pavement. Therefore, the fatigue properties of the double-layer and traditionally paved asphalt pavements were studied in this work. The effects of two paving technologies, three mixture combinations, and two asphalt layer thickness combinations on the fatigue properties of asphalt pavements were studied through bending beam tests, and a fatigue equation of different asphalt pavements was established using the two-parameter Weibull distribution. Subsequently, the fatigue lives of different pavements were compared and analyzed under the same cyclic load. Results indicate that the flexural strength and fatigue life of the double-layer pavement increased by at least 10% and 54%, respectively, compared with those of a traditionally paved pavement structure. The goodness of fit of the equation established using the Weibull distribution exceeded 0.90. For the traditional paving technology, compared with the pavement structure combination of 4-cm AC-13 surface layer/6-cm AC-20 bottom layer, the fatigue life of a 3-cm AC-13 surface layer/7-cm AC-20 bottom layer can be increased by at least 8%, while the fatigue lives of other pavement structures are reduced significantly. The results also indicate that the fatigue life of the double-layer pavement structure with the 3-cm AC-13 surface layer/7-cm AC-20 bottom layer can be increased by at least 114% compared with that of the traditionally paved pavement structure (4-cm AC-13 surface layer/6-cm AC-20 bottom layer). Additionally, the fatigue lives of other pavement structures can be improved. To effectively improve the fatigue life of an asphalt pavement, a double-layer pavement structure with the 3-cm AC-13 surface layer/7-cm AC-20 bottom layer combination is recommended.

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Castro, L. C., K. M. Degues, M. G. Cypriano, M. R. Rocha, O. R. K. Montedo, and E. Angioletto. "Evaluation of the thermal performance of different cold materials for urban paving." Cerâmica 63, no. 366 (April 2017): 203–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0366-69132017633662063.

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Abstract The phenomenon of the warming of cities at high temperature levels, the so-called “heat island”, has been studied around the world. Apart from generating thermal discomfort, this urban phenomenon has been causing an increase in the demand for energy for cooling the environments. In response to the environmental impact generated by this phenomenon, researchers from different nations have developed techniques for warming mitigation, developing new materials, technologies, and constructive systems. In this context, urban paving is responsible for a significant contribution to the occurrence of heat islands in cities. The use of pavements called “cold materials”, which help to lower the surface temperature, constitutes an important solution to mitigate the effects of the heat flow in cities and the planet. Thus, the purpose of this study was to develop, test and evaluate new cold materials for use in paving. Such cold materials proved to present better thermal performance than conventional ones, such as asphalt and reference concrete (commercial paver). In fact, this work showed that the composition with 90% concrete+10% talc can be considered cold material, with energy savings of up to 16% in comparison to asphalt.

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Djekic, Jelena, Petar Mitkovic, Milena Dinic-Brankovic, Milica Igic, Petar Djekic, and Mihailo Mitkovic. "The study of effects of greenery on temperature reduction in urban areas." Thermal Science 22, Suppl. 4 (2018): 988–1000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci170530122d.

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Urban landscape is largely characterized by high degree of built space, high share of artificial surface material and the reduction of green areas, which leads to changes in the microclimate and the deterioration of thermal comfort in out-door urban space. One of the most important roles of urban greenery is the impact on the reduction of air temperature due to less heating of green space com-pared to paved surfaces and due to tree shading. The paper analyses the influence of urban greenery on temperature reduction. Aim of the study was to measure the difference in warming up of grassy surfaces and paving materials commonly used for public areas and to evaluate the impact of tree shading on the surface cooling during the day. For this purpose, measuring of surface temperatures was performed during the summer months in 2015 in the central city zone of the city of Nis. The measuring included: grass, asphalt as most commonly used paving material, and concrete tiles commonly used for pedestrian areas. Results show the temperature of grass is significantly lower than the temperature of paved surface at any time of day. In the case of paved surfaces, temperature of shaded or partially shaded material is lower than the temperature of surface exposed to sunlight during the whole day, a temperature difference exists even after nocturnal cooling. The results indicate the importance of green areas for cooling of urban spaces, due to their lower warming and surface shading from tree canopy.

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Meunier, Geneviève, and Claude Lavoie. "Roads as Corridors for Invasive Plant Species: New Evidence from Smooth Bedstraw (Galium mollugo)." Invasive Plant Science and Management 5, no. 1 (March 2012): 92–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/ipsm-d-11-00049.1.

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AbstractRoads function as prime habitats and corridors for invasive plant species, and can contribute significantly to the spread and establishment of weeds inside protected areas. Smooth bedstraw (Galium mollugo) populations have recently expanded in the abandoned agricultural fields of Bic National Park (Quebec, Canada), and may represent a threat to the preservation of plant diversity and to the quality of visitor experience. The main objective of this study was to map the distribution of the species in the park and to delineate factors influencing the abundance of the plant in fallow fields. We hypothesized that road proximity was the main factor explaining the presence and abundance (frequency of recording) of smooth bedstraw in fields. Vegetation surveys were conducted in abandoned agricultural fields, and two logistic regression models were built to examine the relationship between the presence and abundance of smooth bedstraw and environmental and historical variables. Smooth bedstraw populations were also mapped along transportation corridors. The abundance of smooth bedstraw significantly increases within 125 m (410 ft) of a paved road. The recent proliferation of smooth bedstraw in Bic National Park is likely associated with the construction of road embankments during the paving of gravel roads. The paved road network has probably acted as a dispersal corridor for smooth bedstraw, while the abandoned agricultural fields located close to the paved roads provided suitable habitats facilitating population establishment over large areas. We recommended to the park's authorities to cease paving all remaining gravel roads in the park, not only to stop smooth bedstraw invasion, but also the spread of other invasive species of concern.

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Zanzotto, Ludo, Jiri Stastna, and Otakar Vacin. "Thermomechanical Properties of Several Polymer Modified Asphalts." Applied Rheology 10, no. 4 (August 1, 2000): 185–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/arh-2000-0012.

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Abstract Costly deterioration of many roads and highways paved with asphalt generates a growing interest in polymer modified asphalts (PMA). Although asphalt represents only a fraction of asphalt paving mix, it is believed that it has a significant effect on the thermomechanical properties of asphalt pavements. Currently there is no consensus on the type of tests and specifications for polymer modified asphalts; however, it is clear that such specifications should be based on rheological testing of these systems. As a viscoelastic material asphalt is usually characterized by its dynamic material functions. An advantage of the use of modified loss tangent function in PMA systems is discussed in this contribution. Three polymer modifiers (SBS, EVA and EGA) commonly used in the asphalt paving industry were blended with base asphalt and various relaxations in the base, and its blends are studied here.

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Allen, Mathews F. "Howard Thurman: Paradoxical Pavior." Journal of Negro History 77, no. 2 (April 1992): 84–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3031485.

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Ryu, Byung-Hyun, Sojeong Lee, and Ilhan Chang. "Pervious Pavement Blocks Made from Recycled Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET): Fabrication and Engineering Properties." Sustainability 12, no. 16 (August 7, 2020): 6356. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12166356.

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The importance of permeable and pervious pavements in reducing urban stormwater runoff and improving water quality is growing. Here, a new pervious pavement block material based on recycled polyethylene terephthalate (PET) waste is introduced, which could contribute to reducing global plastic waste via PET’s utilization for construction material fabrication. The engineering properties and durability of recycled PET aggregate (RPA) pervious blocks are verified through flexural tests, in situ permeability tests, clogging tests, and freeze-thaw durability tests, and their cost-effectiveness is assessed by comparison with existing permeable/pervious pavers. Their engineering and economic characteristics confirm that the RPA pervious blocks are suitable for use in urban paving.

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Kuckian, Sachin, and Aaqib Dalvi. "Strength Possibilities on Fly ash Based Interlock Pavers." Applied Mechanics and Materials 897 (April 2020): 12–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.897.12.

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Interlocking Concrete Block Pavement (ICBP) poses as the most suitable alternative to traditional pavement construction techniques. This is because of the increased advantages in countries wherein durability, and operational or environmental constraints limit the efficiency of the conventional process. The construction industry everywhere faces problems and significant challenges including manpower, quality of productivity, preservation of the environment, mass transportation, water management, raw materials, durability and design life of construction products, chemical resistance, etc. The increased expense on the raw materials for construction is the primary focus of the study. The study aims to search for suitable alternatives that would allow sustainable development. The study emphasizes on the rising costs of construction materials and the necessity to work towards sustainability, alternative construction techniques and materials. Indigenous production of interlocks with mineral admixtures raises the potential applicability of the interlock pavers. To enhance the strength property and keeping sustainability in point of view, fly ash is used as a mineral admixture and partially replaced with cement in various proportions like 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30% and 35%. Fourty eight interlock concrete paver blocks were cast and compressive strength for all specimens was calculated and later compared. A notable rise in the strength of the interlock pavers was observed at 15% and 20% replacement levels with fly ash. The optimum level for replacement was determined as 20% of the fly ash.

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MacLeod, Daryl, Susanna Ho, Ryan Wirth, and Ludo Zanzotto. "Study of crumb rubber materials as paving asphalt modifiers." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 34, no. 10 (October 1, 2007): 1276–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l07-056.

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Waste tire crumb rubber materials (CRM) were used to modify paving asphalts. The mixing time, hot-storage stability, Superpave grades, pumping and handling properties, phase separation tests, and repeated creep properties of the modified asphalts were studied using base asphalts of different hardness. Applying the Long-Term Pavement Performance (LTPP) program and the Transportation Association of Canada (TAC) model, optimal levels of CRM and suitable base asphalts were selected for the climatic conditions of Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada. High-temperature grade bumping protocol, regarding traffic volume and speed, was also considered. With joint efforts from the Tire Recycling Management Association of Alberta (TRMA), Husky Energy, and the City of Lethbridge, three test sections in different Lethbridge locations with various traffic volumes were paved from the years 2003 to 2005. So far, the City of Lethbridge is pleased with the initial performance of the test sections.Key words: waste tire, crumb rubber materials (CRM), paving asphalt, recycled, modification, Superpave, repeated creep, field test.

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Regan, William. "William Kenneth Amedee Paver." Australasian Journal of Dermatology 52, no. 4 (November 2011): 309–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-0960.2011.00824.x.

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Mustonen, Jyri, Janne Lintilä, and Tauno Mäkiö. "Turning Deteriorated Paved Roads Back into Gravel Roads: Sheer Lunacy or Sustainable Maintenance Policy?" Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1819, no. 1 (January 2003): 96–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1819a-15.

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In the late 1980s, many Finnish low-volume gravel roads were paved. This option was reasonable at that time because the price of bitumen was exceptionally low. No heavy structural rehabilitation was carried out on these roads before paving. It was assumed that these cheap and light pavements would last some 5 years. Now many of those roads have reached 10 to 15 years in age, still without any proper reconstruction, and are becoming increasingly deteriorated. For almost a decade now, the Finnish government has been reducing its spending on public roads. Maintenance and repair efforts have been concentrated on the main road network, and the minor network has deteriorated more and more. Calculations show that from the road agency’s point of view, upkeep of gravel roads is economically feasible compared with maintaining paved roads that are in poor condition. Therefore, road authorities have converted some of these paved low-volume roads back to gravel roads. In 2001, the Häme, Turku, and Uusimaa road districts agreed on common principles for these actions. Furthermore, they described minimum requirements for each case in which a paved road in poor condition was turned into a gravel road. Public opposition and political resistance were quite strong before these actions, since the gravel roads are seen as a decline of service level. People living along the road, however, generally admit that new gravel roads are more comfortable to drive on throughout the year than old deteriorated pavements. The road agency still has to focus on problems such as dust.

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Wünsche, Isabel. "Pavel Chistiakov and Jan Ciągliński: New Approaches to Art Pedagogy in Nineteenth- and Early Twentieth-Century Russia." Russian History 46, no. 4 (December 23, 2019): 305–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18763316-04604006.

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Abstract This essay looks at art education in Russia in the nineteenth century, specifically at artist-training practices at institutions such as the Imperial Academy of Fine Arts and the Imperial Society for the Encouragements of the Arts in St. Petersburg. Particular emphasis is on the role and significance of Pavel Chistiakov and Jan Ciągliński, charismatic teachers who developed their distinct art-pedagogical systems as an alternative to the existing academic system and paved the way for the emergence of modern art and the avant-garde in Russia.

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Arsod, Mr Nitin D. "A Paper on Experimental Investigation on Concrete Paver Block and Plastic Paver Block." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 7, no. 3 (March 31, 2019): 2151–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2019.3397.

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Di Mascio, Paola, Alberto De Rubeis, Claudio De Marchis, Antonello Germinario, Giovanni Metta, Rosario Salzillo, and Laura Moretti. "Jointed Plain Concrete Pavements in Airports: Structural–Economic Evaluation and Proposal for a Catalogue." Infrastructures 6, no. 5 (May 11, 2021): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/infrastructures6050073.

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Although the design of jointed plain concrete pavements could be solved by commercial software, there is still a need for simple tools to be used in feasibility studies and preliminary cost–benefit analyses. This paper analyzed and verified jointed plain concrete pavements for airports composed of square slabs without tie and dowel bars. The examined slabs are laid on a cement-treated base layer and a stabilized granular subbase layer. The finite element software FAARFIELD was used to design the JPCP pavements when they are subjected to the design of the airplane (i.e., turboprop C-130J Hercules) under different conditions. Seven subgrade load bearing capacity values, twenty traffic levels, and two construction hypotheses (i.e., constant or variable thickness of the two deeper layers) were designed and then verified with the Westergaard theory in order to present a proposal for a catalogue. Finally, the construction cost per unit surface area was calculated for different construction methods of paving (by slip form paver or by fixed form). The obtained results provide a simple and fast procedure to design preliminary airport JPCPs.

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SHARMA, SANJAY K., and HIMMI GUPTA. "DEVELOPMENT OF PAVER BLOCK BY USING FOUNDRY SAND BASED GEOPOLYMER CONCRETE." JOURNAL OF TODAY'S IDEAS - TOMORROW'S TECHNOLOGIES 3, no. 2 (December 2, 2015): 129–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.15415/jotitt.2015.32009.

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Tihonov, A., and V. Velichkin. "Paver automation for road surfacing." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 90 (October 2017): 012148. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/90/1/012148.

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Marićević-Balać, Jelena. "Birds in Dictionary of the Khazars by Milorad Pavić." Зборник радова Филозофског факултета у Приштини 48, no. 4 (2018): 111–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/zrffp48-19201.

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Umashankar, H. N., and B. V. Pramod. "The Study Involving Partial Replacement of Slag Sand in Polymer Modified Concrete and its Application in Interlocking Concrete Paver Block (ICPB)." International Journal of Research in Engineering, Science and Management 3, no. 10 (October 11, 2020): 20–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.47607/ijresm.2020.328.

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The idea of Carriageway design and maintenance needs to be such that it bears loads due to the climate change and also for the social comfort which caters the all range of people who use the road way. In this study the potential of the paver blocks is evaluated in the laboratory. Styrene-Butadiene rubber induced paver blocks will have greater tension, good ductility and also, good impact strength because of the 3D polymer network. The bridging between cracks and also due to voids filling nature, the porosity decreases. A Styrene-Butadiene rubber polymer induced along with granular slag sand in ICPB to improve the ductility and flexure of polymer modified concrete (PMC). The structural properties of PMC in paver blocks are studied, the study is divided into two series, Series 1 is to cast paver blocks solely of granular slag sand and Series 2 is to cast paver blocks of PMC where fine aggregates with few parts replaced with Granular slag sand. The comparative study is done for various strength parameters. The study concludes that the paver blocks with PMC concrete with 15% of Granular slag sand replaced with fine aggregates.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Pavier'

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