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Journal articles on the topic 'PBLs model'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 17 February 2022

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1

Lopez-Coto, Israel, Micheal Hicks, Anna Karion, et al. "Assessment of Planetary Boundary Layer Parameterizations and Urban Heat Island Comparison: Impacts and Implications for Tracer Transport." Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 59, no. 10 (2020): 1637–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jamc-d-19-0168.1.

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AbstractAccurate simulation of planetary boundary layer height (PBLH) is key to greenhouse gas emission estimation, air quality prediction, and weather forecasting. This paper describes an extensive performance assessment of several Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model configurations in which novel observations from ceilometers, surface stations, and a flux tower were used to study their ability to reproduce the PBLH and the impact that the urban heat island (UHI) has on the modeled PBLHs in the greater Washington, D.C., area. In addition, CO2 measurements at two urban towers were comp

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Li, Lixian, Zijing Yang, Yawen Hou, and Zheng Chen. "Moving beyond the Cox proportional hazards model in survival data analysis: a cervical cancer study." BMJ Open 10, no. 7 (2020): e033965. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-033965.

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ObjectivesThis study explored the prognostic factors and developed a prediction model for Chinese-American (CA) cervical cancer (CC) patients. We compared two alternative models (the restricted mean survival time (RMST) model and the proportional baselines landmark supermodel (PBLS model, producing dynamic prediction)) versus the Cox proportional hazards model in the context of time-varying effects.Setting and data sourcesA total of 713 CA women with CC and available covariates (age at diagnosis, International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage, lymph node metastasis and radi

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3

Kim, Hyung-Yong, Jason Mott, Ning Zhi, Tomoko Tajima, and Yasuko Rikihisa. "Cytokine Gene Expression by Peripheral Blood Leukocytes in Horses Experimentally Infected with Anaplasma phagocytophila." Clinical and Vaccine Immunology 9, no. 5 (2002): 1079–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cdli.9.5.1079-1084.2002.

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ABSTRACT Human granulocytic ehrlichiosis (HGE), a tick-borne zoonosis, is caused by an obligatory intragranulocytic bacterium, the HGE agent, a strain of Anaplasma phagocytophila. The equine model of HGE is considered valuable in understanding pathogenic and immune mechanisms of HGE. In the present study, cytokine mRNA expression by peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs) in horses was examined during the course of infection by intravenous inoculation of A. phagocytophila or by allowing feeding by infected ticks. The p44 genes encoding the major outer membrane protein P44s of A. phagocytophila were

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Lutz, Eric R., Srikanta Jana, Lakshmi Rudraraju, et al. "Superior Efficacy of CAR-T Cells Using Marrow-Infiltrating Lymphocytes (MILsTM) As Compared to Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes (PBLs)." Blood 134, Supplement_1 (2019): 4437. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2019-130629.

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Background The type of T cell used in generating chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells is an important choice. Evidence suggests that T cells that are early in the effector/memory differentiation pathway with more stemness and greater potential to persist are better than more differentiated T cells with less stemness that are more readily exhausted and have less potential to persist. Marrow-infiltrating Lymphocytes (MILsTM) is a novel form of adoptive T cell therapy composed of patient-autologous, polyclonal CD4 and CD8 T cells that are activated and expanded from the bone marrow. Geneticall

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Utomo, Supri Wahyudi, Soetarno Joyoatmojo, Sri Jutmini, and Nunuk Suryani. "Improving Higher Order Thinking Skills Through Problem Based Learning with a Scientific Approach." Dinamika Pendidikan 14, no. 1 (2019): 76–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/dp.v14i1.18776.

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This study aims to describe the effectiveness of the problem-based learning model with a scientific approach to improve higher order thinking skills. The type of research used in this study was quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test group design. The study was conducted by using one control class and one experimental class. The study was conducted on vocational students with a sample of 64 students consisting of 32 students in experimental class and 32 students in control class. The essay test was used as an instrument for retrieving data. Descriptive analysis and t-test were used to d

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Tishon, Antoinette, Marianne Manchester, Friedrich Scheiflinger, and Michael B. A. Oldstone. "A model of measles virus–induced immunosuppression: Enhanced susceptibility of neonatal human PBLs." Nature Medicine 2, no. 11 (1996): 1250–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm1196-1250.

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Korin, Yael D., David G. Brooks, Stephen Brown, Andrew Korotzer, and Jerome A. Zack. "Effects of Prostratin on T-Cell Activation and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Latency." Journal of Virology 76, no. 16 (2002): 8118–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.76.16.8118-8123.2002.

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ABSTRACT Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication is linked to cellular gene transcription and requires target cell activation. The latent reservoir of HIV-1 in quiescent T cells is thought to be a major obstacle to clearance of infection by highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Thus, identification of agents that can induce expression of latent virus may, in the presence of HAART, allow elimination of the infected cells by the immune response. We previously used the SCID-hu (Thy/Liv) mouse model to establish that activation-inducible HIV can be generated at high frequency during

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McGrath-Spangler, E. L., A. Molod, L. E. Ott, and S. Pawson. "Impact of planetary boundary layer turbulence on model climate and tracer transport." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 14, no. 23 (2014): 31627–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-14-31627-2014.

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Abstract. Planetary boundary layer (PBL) processes are important for weather, climate, and tracer transport and concentration. One measure of the strength of these processes is the PBL depth. However, no single PBL depth definition exists and several studies have found that the estimated depth can vary substantially based on the definition used. In the Goddard Earth Observing System (GEOS-5) atmospheric general circulation model, the PBL depth is particularly important because it is used to calculate the turbulent length scale that is used in the estimation of turbulent mixing. This study anal

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McGrath-Spangler, E. L., A. Molod, L. E. Ott, and S. Pawson. "Impact of planetary boundary layer turbulence on model climate and tracer transport." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 15, no. 13 (2015): 7269–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-7269-2015.

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Abstract. Planetary boundary layer (PBL) processes are important for weather, climate, and tracer transport and concentration. One measure of the strength of these processes is the PBL depth. However, no single PBL depth definition exists and several studies have found that the estimated depth can vary substantially based on the definition used. In the Goddard Earth Observing System (GEOS-5) atmospheric general circulation model, the PBL depth is particularly important because it is used to calculate the turbulent length scale that is used in the estimation of turbulent mixing. This study anal

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Massart, C., J. Gibassier, M. L. Raoul, et al. "Action of peripheral or intrathyroidal lymphocytes on autologous thyrocytes cultured in follicles in collagen gel." Journal of Molecular Endocrinology 18, no. 2 (1997): 137–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/jme.0.0180137.

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ABSTRACT We have studied the action of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) and intrathyroidal lymphocytes (ITLs) on the biochemical and hormonal metabolism of autologous thyrocytes cultured in follicles in a collagen gel. The production of tumour necrosis factor α (TNF-α) in culture was also measured. Thyroid tissues and lymphocytes were obtained from ten patients with Graves' disease and from five control subjects. Lymphocyte-induced cytotoxicity was evaluated in autologous thyrocytes cultured in a collagen gel by several tests: neutral red uptake, lactate dehydrogenase activity and glutathio

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Coniglio, Michael C., James Correia, Patrick T. Marsh, and Fanyou Kong. "Verification of Convection-Allowing WRF Model Forecasts of the Planetary Boundary Layer Using Sounding Observations." Weather and Forecasting 28, no. 3 (2013): 842–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/waf-d-12-00103.1.

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Abstract This study evaluates forecasts of thermodynamic variables from five convection-allowing configurations of the Weather Research and Forecasting Model (WRF) with the Advanced Research core (WRF-ARW). The forecasts vary only in their planetary boundary layer (PBL) scheme, including three “local” schemes [Mellor–Yamada–Janjić (MYJ), quasi-normal scale elimination (QNSE), and Mellor–Yamada–Nakanishi–Niino (MYNN)] and two schemes that include “nonlocal” mixing [the asymmetric cloud model version 2 (ACM2) and the Yonei University (YSU) scheme]. The forecasts are compared to springtime radios

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Bunnoy, Anurak, Uthairat Na-Nakorn, and Prapansak Srisapoome. "Development of a Monoclonal Antibody Specific to the IgM Heavy Chain of Bighead Catfish (Clarias macrocephalus): A Biomolecular Tool for the Detection and Quantification of IgM Molecules and IgM+ Cells in Clarias Catfish." Biomolecules 10, no. 4 (2020): 567. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom10040567.

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Catfish is a commonly-cultivated freshwater fish in Thailand and many Southeast Asian countries. The molecular data obtained for the IgM heavy chain (IgMH) of catfish have been useful for distinguishing monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). A mAb specific to Cμ1 of the IgMH of catfish (IgMHCμ1 mAb) was developed in a rabbit model using sequence information from bighead catfish (Clarias macrocephalus). The IgMHCμ1 mAb strongly recognized the IgM heavy chain of the tested catfish, namely, bighead catfish, African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) and their hybrid (C. macrocephalus × C. gariepinus), in immuno

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Sutrisna, Putu Belly, Cokorda Bagus Jaya Lesmana, I. Made Jawi, I. Wayan Suka Yasa, and I. Gusti Bagus Wirawan. "Review on Internet Addiction in Adolescent: Biomolecular, Hatha Yoga Intervention, COVID-19 Pandemic and Immune Systems." Journal of Clinical and Cultural Psychiatry 2, no. 1 (2021): 15–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.36444/jccp.v2i1.16.

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Internet addiction in adolescent during pandemic COVID-19 will be predicted to be increased more than ever. There is need prevention or intervention program to solve this problem. Hatha yoga is considered to be impact mind-body stress relieving exercise found that improve the internet addiction sign and symptoms, but lack of evidence reviews about neurobiology model that effect Hatha yoga and internet addiction. This present review summarizes about Hatha yoga epigenetic mechanism effects could improve in internet addiction. PubMed, ResearchGate and Google scholar have been searched with the fo

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14

Hamid, Md Kaysher, and Azharul Islam. "Financial Management of Private Commercial Bank in Bangladesh : An Empirical Study on Prime Bank Limited." American Journal of Economics and Business Management 2, no. 2 (2019): 27–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.31150/ajebm.vol2.iss2.61.

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This paper purposes to explore the financial management practices of private commercial bank in Bangladesh based on the information provided in the financial statements. For this, Prime Bank Limited (PBL), a reputed private commercial bank operating in Bangladesh, has been studied for 2010-14. This study finds that major contributor of PBL’s operating revenue is funded income, major areas of fund employment are Secured overdraft / Quard against TDR, Cash credit / Murabaha, and Loans (General) while the major fund source is Term deposits / Mudaraba term deposits. PBL has always maintained highe

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Chen, Xuelong, Bojan Škerlak, Mathias W. Rotach, et al. "Reasons for the Extremely High-Ranging Planetary Boundary Layer over the Western Tibetan Plateau in Winter." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 73, no. 5 (2016): 2021–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-15-0148.1.

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Abstract The planetary boundary layer (PBL) over the Tibetan Plateau (with a mean elevation about 4 km above sea level) reaches an unmatched height of 9515 m above sea level. The proximity of this height to the tropopause facilitates an exchange between the stratosphere and the boundary layer. However, the underlying mechanisms responsible for this unique PBL have remained uncertain. Here, the authors explore these mechanisms and their relative importance using measurements of the PBL, the associated surface fluxes, and single-column and regional numerical simulations, as well as global reanal

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Frischer, JM, M. Reindl, B. Künz, et al. "TIRC7 and HLA-DR axis contributes to inflammation in multiple sclerosis." Multiple Sclerosis Journal 20, no. 9 (2014): 1171–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1352458514521516.

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Background and objective: Interactions between TIRC7 (a novel seven-transmembrane receptor on activated lymphocytes) and its ligand HLA-DR might be involved in the inflammatory process in multiple sclerosis (MS). Methods: Methods comprised immunohistochemistry and microscopy on archival MS autopsies, proliferation-, cytokine-, and surface-staining assays using peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) from MS patients and an in vitro model. Results: TIRC7 was expressed in brain-infiltrating lymphocytes and strongly correlated with disease activity in MS. TIRC7 expression was reduced in T cells and i

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Shin, Hyeyum Hailey, Yi Ming, Ming Zhao, Jean-Christophe Golaz, Baoqiang Xiang, and Huan Guo. "Evaluation of Planetary Boundary Layer Simulation in GFDL Atmospheric General Circulation Models." Journal of Climate 31, no. 13 (2018): 5071–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-17-0543.1.

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This study describes the performance of two Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL) atmospheric general circulation models (AGCMs) in simulating the climatologies of planetary boundary layer (PBL) parameters, with a particular focus on the diurnal cycles. The two models differ solely in the PBL parameterization: one uses a prescribed K-profile parameterization (KPP) scheme with an entrainment parameterization, and the other employs a turbulence kinetic energy (TKE) scheme. The models are evaluated through comparison with the reanalysis ensemble, which is generated from European Centre for

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Lai, Shao-Wen, Jen-Hsou Lin, Shiow-Suey Lai, and Ying-Ling Wu. "Influence of Ganoderma lucidum on Blood Biochemistry and Immunocompetence in Horses." American Journal of Chinese Medicine 32, no. 06 (2004): 931–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0192415x04002533.

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The characteristic ingredients of Ganoderma lucidum, such as polysaccharides, triterpenoids, nucleic acids and small proteins, have been found and proved to have many special pharmacological properties. Mice and rats have been extensively used to investigate the effects of G. lucidum. Experiments with horses as an animal model for investigating the effects of G. lucidum have never been reported. The purpose of this investigation was to understand the influence of G. lucidum feeding on blood biochemistry and immunocompetence in horses. Complete blood count (CBC) and blood biochemistry were surv

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Tacken, Paul J., I. Jolanda M. de Vries, Karlijn Gijzen, et al. "Effective induction of naive and recall T-cell responses by targeting antigen to human dendritic cells via a humanized anti–DC-SIGN antibody." Blood 106, no. 4 (2005): 1278–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2005-01-0318.

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AbstractCurrent dendritic cell (DC)–based vaccines are based on ex vivo–generated autologous DCs loaded with antigen prior to readministration into patients. A more direct and less laborious strategy is to target antigens to DCs in vivo via specific surface receptors. Therefore, we developed a humanized antibody, hD1V1G2/G4 (hD1), directed against the C-type lectin DC-specific intercellular adhesion molecule 3–grabbing nonintegrin (DC-SIGN) to explore its capacity to serve as a target receptor for vaccination purposes. hD1 was cross-linked to a model antigen, keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH). W

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Shoenfeld, Y., and L. Ziporen. "Lessons from experimental APS models." Lupus 7, no. 2_suppl (1998): 158–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096120339800700234.

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Several animal models for antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) have been reported in the literature. These experimental models have contributed significantly in resolving enigmas in this multisystemic disease. We, and others have previously shown the pathogenicity of anticardiolipin (aCL) antibodies in pregnancy outcome. We have expanded our studies to show the pathogenicity of aCL antibodies in renal dysfunction and neurological and behavioral impairments in animals with experimental APS. Animals immunized with aCL or with the cofactor β2GPI developed clinical manifestations of APS, including feta

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Kitamura, Takuya, Yukihito Kabuyama, Akihisa Kamataki, et al. "Enhancement of lymphocyte migration and cytokine production by ephrinB1 system in rheumatoid arthritis." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 294, no. 1 (2008): C189—C196. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.00314.2007.

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Although the etiology of early events in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) remains undefined, an anomaly in T cell homeostasis and hyperproliferation of synovial-lining cells are involved in the disease process. Since it has been reported that the ephrin/Eph receptor system plays important signaling roles in inflammation processes, we attempted to examine ephrinB molecules in T cells and synovial cells derived from RA in this study. The expression level of ephrinB1 was significantly high in synovial fibroblasts and CD3-positive exudate lymphocytes in synovial tissues derived from patients with RA comp

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Duchosal, M. A., P. J. McConahey, C. A. Robinson, and F. J. Dixon. "Transfer of human systemic lupus erythematosus in severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice." Journal of Experimental Medicine 172, no. 3 (1990): 985–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.172.3.985.

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To study the role of peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) in the pathogenesis of human systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), we transferred PBL from 5 SLE patients into 15 severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mice. Such reconstituted mice showed long-term presence of auto-antibodies characteristic of the donor in their sera, as well as human immunoglobulin deposition, and in some cases mouse C3, in the renal glomeruli. SCID mice repopulated with PBLs from normal donors do not develop serologic abnormalities or immunodeposits. It is concluded that human SLE serology and some associated renal chan

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Yao, Mao-Sung, and Ye Cheng. "Cloud Simulations in Response to Turbulence Parameterizations in the GISS Model E GCM." Journal of Climate 25, no. 14 (2012): 4963–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-11-00399.1.

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Abstract The response of cloud simulations to turbulence parameterizations is studied systematically using the GISS general circulation model (GCM) E2 employed in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change’s (IPCC) Fifth Assessment Report (AR5). Without the turbulence parameterization, the relative humidity (RH) and the low cloud cover peak unrealistically close to the surface; with the dry convection or with only the local turbulence parameterization, these two quantities improve their vertical structures, but the vertical transport of water vapor is still weak in the planetary boundary la

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Novikasari, Ifada. "Pre-service teacher’s mathematical knowledge for teaching in problem-based learning." JRAMathEdu (Journal of Research and Advances in Mathematics Education) 5, no. 2 (2020): 160–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.23917/jramathedu.v5i2.10556.

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Mathematical Knowledge for Teaching (MKT), comprising Mathematics Content Knowledge (MCK) and Mathematics Pedagogy Content Knowledge (MPCK), is essential for pre-service teachers. However, numerous studies have shown that pre-service teachers are weak in content and difficult to plan to teach. Therefore, a shifting effort dealing with the learning activities within the teacher training program from a teacher-centered to student-centered approach should be made. One learning model succeeding in the student-centered approach is Problem-Based Learning (PBL). Studies on PBL as an effort to improve

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Ahlgrimm, Maike, and David A. Randall. "Diagnosing Monthly Mean Boundary Layer Properties from Reanalysis Data Using a Bulk Boundary Layer Model." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 63, no. 3 (2006): 998–1012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas3669.1.

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Abstract The mixed-layer approach to modeling the planetary boundary layer (PBL) is particularly well suited to inversion-topped PBLs, such as the stratocumulus-topped boundary layer found off the west coast of America in the subtropical Pacific Ocean at northern and southern latitudes. However, a strong temperature inversion near 850 hPa (the trade wind inversion) is not confined to the stratocumulus regimes, but has been observed over most parts of the subtropical–tropical Pacific Ocean. In this paper, the authors test the ability of a simple bulk boundary layer model (BBLM) to diagnose entr

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Hegarty, Jennifer D., Jasper Lewis, Erica L. McGrath-Spangler, et al. "Analysis of the Planetary Boundary Layer Height during DISCOVER-AQ Baltimore–Washington, D.C., with Lidar and High-Resolution WRF Modeling." Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 57, no. 11 (2018): 2679–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jamc-d-18-0014.1.

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AbstractThe daytime planetary boundary layer (PBL) was examined for the Deriving Information on Surface Conditions from Column and Vertically Resolved Observations Relevant to Air Quality (DISCOVER-AQ) Baltimore (Maryland)–Washington, D.C., campaign of July 2011 using PBL height (PBLH) retrievals from aerosol backscatter measurements from ground-based micropulse lidar (MPL), the NASA Langley Research Center airborne High Spectral Resolution Lidar-1 (HSRL-1), and the Cloud–Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP) on the Cloud–Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observatio

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McGrath-Spangler, E. L., and A. Molod. "Comparison of GEOS-5 AGCM planetary boundary layer depths computed with various definitions." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 14, no. 5 (2014): 6589–617. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-14-6589-2014.

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Abstract. Accurate models of planetary boundary layer (PBL) processes are important for forecasting weather and climate. The present study compares seven methods of calculating PBL depth in the GEOS-5 atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM) over land. These methods depend on the eddy diffusion coefficients, bulk and local Richardson numbers, and the turbulent kinetic energy. The computed PBL depths are aggregated to the Köppen climate classes, and some limited comparisons are made using radiosonde profiles. Most methods produce similar midday PBL depths, although in the warm, moist climat

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McGrath-Spangler, E. L., and A. Molod. "Comparison of GEOS-5 AGCM planetary boundary layer depths computed with various definitions." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 14, no. 13 (2014): 6717–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-6717-2014.

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Abstract. Accurate models of planetary boundary layer (PBL) processes are important for forecasting weather and climate. The present study compares seven methods of calculating PBL depth in the GEOS-5 atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM) over land. These methods depend on the eddy diffusion coefficients, bulk and local Richardson numbers, and the turbulent kinetic energy. The computed PBL depths are aggregated to the Köppen–Geiger climate classes, and some limited comparisons are made using radiosonde profiles. Most methods produce similar midday PBL depths, although in the warm, moist

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Ben-Ami Shor, Dana, Jordan Lachnish, Tomer Bashi, et al. "Immunomodulation of Murine Chronic DSS-Induced Colitis by Tuftsin–Phosphorylcholine." Journal of Clinical Medicine 9, no. 1 (2019): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9010065.

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Helminths or their products can immunomodulate the host immune system, and this phenomenon may be applied as the basis of new anti-inflammatory treatments. Previously, we have shown the efficacy of tuftsin–phosphorylcholine (TPC), based on a helminth product, in four animal models of autoimmune diseases: arthritis, colitis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. We demonstrated that TPC reduced inflammatory process ex vivo in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) and in biopsies from giant-cell arteritis. In the present study, we assessed the therapeutic pot

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Zhang, Hong, Jing Yu Yang, Fan Zhou, et al. "Seed Oil ofBrucea javanicaInduces Apoptotic Death of Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells via Both the Death Receptors and the Mitochondrial-Related Pathways." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2011 (2011): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/965016.

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Seed oil ofBrucea javanica(BJO) is extracted from the seeds of herb medicineBrucea javanica(L.), and its emulsion formulation (BJOE) has been used clinically to treat carcinomas for many years in China. The antileukemia potential of BJO was investigated in human acute myeloid leukemia cell lines (AML) U937 and HL-60in vitroand in a mouse U937 xenograft tumor model. BJO induced AML cell apoptosis through activation of caspase-8 and modulation of apoptosis-related proteins. Meanwhile, the inhibition of survivin and XIAP increased the cytotoxicity of BJO. Consistent with these findings, BJO also

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Kretz-Rommel, A., N. Dakappagari, F. Qin, et al. "Immune evasion by CD200: New approaches to targeted therapies for chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)." Journal of Clinical Oncology 24, no. 18_suppl (2006): 2519. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2006.24.18_suppl.2519.

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2519 Background: Although the human immune system is capable of raising an immune response against many cancer types, that response is insufficient to eradicate the cancer in most patients, possibly due to immune evasion through negative regulation of the immune system by the tumor. We identified the immune-suppressive molecule CD200 to be upregulated 1.5–5.4-fold on CLL cells in all 80 patients examined. Interaction of CD200 with its receptor alters cytokine profiles from Th1 to Th2 in mixed lymphocyte reactions, and results in the induction of regulatory T cells, which are thought to hamper

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Fais, Stefano, Caterina Lapenta, Stefano M. Santini, et al. "Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Strains R5 and X4 Induce Different Pathogenic Effects in hu-PBL-SCID Mice, Depending on the State of Activation/Differentiation of Human Target Cells at the Time of Primary Infection." Journal of Virology 73, no. 8 (1999): 6453–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.73.8.6453-6459.1999.

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ABSTRACT In a previous study, we had found that the extent of T-cell dysfunctions induced by a T-tropic strain of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in SCID mice reconstituted with human peripheral blood lymphocytes (hu-PBLs) (hu-PBL-SCID mice) was related to the in vivo state of activation of the human lymphocytes. In this article, we compared the effect of infection of hu-PBL-SCID mice with either T-tropic (X4) or M-tropic (R5) strains of HIV-1 by performing virus inoculation at either 2 h or 2 weeks after the hu-PBL transfer, when the human T cells exhibited a marked activation sta

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Mohajeri, Soraya, Hamidi Abdul Aziz, Mohamed Hasnain Isa, Mohammad Ali Zahed, Mohammed J. K. Bashir, and Mohd Nordin Adlan. "Application of the central composite design for condition optimization for semi-aerobic landfill leachate treatment using electrochemical oxidation." Water Science and Technology 61, no. 5 (2010): 1257–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2010.018.

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In the present study, Electrochemical Oxidation was used to remove COD and color from semi-aerobic landfill leachate collected from Pulau Burung Landfill Site (PBLS), Penang, Malaysia. Experiments were conducted in a batch laboratory-scale system in the presence of NaCl as electrolyte and aluminum electrodes. Central composite design (CCD) under Response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to optimize the electrochemical oxidation process conditions using chemical oxygen demand (COD) and color removals as responses, and the electrolyte concentrations, current density and reaction time as con

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Miao, J.-F., D. Chen, and K. Borne. "Evaluation and Comparison of Noah and Pleim–Xiu Land Surface Models in MM5 Using GÖTE2001 Data: Spatial and Temporal Variations in Near-Surface Air Temperature." Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 46, no. 10 (2007): 1587–605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jam2561.1.

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Abstract In this study, the performance of two advanced land surface models (LSMs; Noah LSM and Pleim–Xiu LSM) coupled with the fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University–National Center for Atmospheric Research Mesoscale Model (MM5), version 3.7.2, in simulating the near-surface air temperature in the greater Göteborg area in Sweden is evaluated and compared using the GÖTE2001 field campaign data. Further, the effects of different planetary boundary layer schemes [Eta and Medium-Range Forecast (MRF) PBLs] for Noah LSM and soil moisture initialization approaches for Pleim–Xiu LSM are inves

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Zhang, Y., Z. Gao, D. Li, et al. "On the computation of planetary boundary-layer height using the bulk Richardson number method." Geoscientific Model Development 7, no. 6 (2014): 2599–611. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-7-2599-2014.

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Abstract. Experimental data from four field campaigns are used to explore the variability of the bulk Richardson number of the entire planetary boundary layer (PBL), Ribc, which is a key parameter for calculating the PBL height (PBLH) in numerical weather and climate models with the bulk Richardson number method. First, the PBLHs of three different thermally stratified boundary layers (i.e., strongly stable boundary layers, weakly stable boundary layers, and unstable boundary layers) from the four field campaigns are determined using the turbulence method, the potential temperature gradient me

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Zhang, Y., Z. Gao, D. Li, et al. "On the computation of planetary boundary layer height using the bulk Richardson number method." Geoscientific Model Development Discussions 7, no. 3 (2014): 4045–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmdd-7-4045-2014.

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Abstract. Experimental data from four intensive field campaigns are used to explore the variability of the critical bulk Richardson number, which is a key parameter for calculating the planetary boundary layer height (PBLH) in numerical weather and climate models with the bulk Richardson method. First, the PBLHs of three different thermally-stratified boundary layers (i.e., strongly stable boundary layer, weakly stable boundary layer, and unstable boundary layer) from the four field campaigns are determined using the turbulence method, the potential temperature gradient method, the low-level j

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Rowe, M., L. S. Young, J. Crocker, H. Stokes, S. Henderson, and A. B. Rickinson. "Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated lymphoproliferative disease in the SCID mouse model: implications for the pathogenesis of EBV-positive lymphomas in man." Journal of Experimental Medicine 173, no. 1 (1991): 147–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.173.1.147.

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When human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) from Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-seropositive donors are injected intraperitoneally into SCID mice, EBV+ B cell tumors develop within weeks. A preliminary report (Mosier, D. E., R. J. Gulizia, S. M. Baird, D. D. Richman, D. B. Wilson, R. I. Fox, and T. J. Kipps, 1989. Blood. 74(Suppl. 1):52a) has suggested that such tumors resemble the EBV-positive malignancy, Burkitt's lymphoma. The present work shows that generally the human (hu) PBL-SCID tumors are distinct from Burkitt's lymphoma and instead resemble lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) generated by

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Wu, Mei, Yang Zhou, Sheng-Lan Qin, et al. "Fuzheng Huayu Capsule Attenuates Hepatic Fibrosis by Inhibiting Activation of Hepatic Stellate Cells." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2020 (May 13, 2020): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/3468791.

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Aim. To investigate the mechanisms of Fuzheng Huayu (FZHY) Capsule in the treatment of hepatitis B (HBV)- associated fibrosis, HBV patients were divided into two groups, 50 cases were in the nucleotide analogues (NAs) group, while additional 50 cases were in the NAs + FZHY group. Methods. We assessed the curative effects of antifibrosis through liver function, FibroScan test, and liver biopsy and detected the ratio of lymphocyte subsets by flow cytometry. Peripheral blood lymphocyte and CD8+T, CD4+T, and natural killer cell subsets collected from patients were cocultured with LX-2 cells. Activ

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Li, Dingdong, Barry Gross, Yonghua Wu, and Fred Moshary. "Correlation Study of Planetary-Boundary-Layer-Height Retrievals from CL51 and CHM15K Ceilometers with Application To PM2.5 Dynamics in New York City." EPJ Web of Conferences 237 (2020): 03010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202023703010.

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Planetary-boundary-layer-height (PBLH) plays a critical role in the study of urban air quality, weather and climate. Continuous observation is critical in understanding air pollution processes and evaluation of air quality/ weather models in the complex urban environment. In this study, we observe the PBLH variation using multiple ceilometers and lidar in New York City (NYC) during both the summer and winter time and explore the potential correlation with ground PM2.5. An automated quality control and quality assurance (QC/QA) method is developed to optimize the PBLH determination from the cei

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Goldstein, Matthew J., Joshua Brody, and Ronald Levy. "TLR-9 Activated Lymphoma B Cells Induce Anti-Tumor Immunity in a Murine Model." Blood 112, no. 11 (2008): 4992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v112.11.4992.4992.

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Abstract Background: Tumor vaccines typically combine unique, tumor antigens with immune stimulants in an effort to elicit a tumor-specific immune response. In prior work we have described a vaccination maneuver that combines cytotoxic chemotherapy to release tumor antigens with intra-tumor injection of a Toll-like Receptor 9 (TLR9) ligand, CpG oligonucleotide (Li and Levy, J. Immunology, 2007). In this therapy, CpG can activate both host antigen presenting cells as well as the tumor itself. Stimulation of tumor B cells through TLR9 induces up-regulation of immune co-stimulatory molecules incl

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Huszar, Peter, Jan Karlický, Jana Ďoubalová, et al. "The impact of urban land-surface on extreme air pollution over central Europe." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 20, no. 20 (2020): 11655–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-11655-2020.

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Abstract. This paper deals with the urban land-surface impact (i.e., the urban canopy meteorological forcing; UCMF) on extreme air pollution for selected central European cities for present-day climate conditions (2015–2016) using three regional climate-chemistry models: the regional climate models RegCM and WRF-Chem (its meteorological part), the chemistry transport model CAMx coupled to either RegCM and WRF and the “chemical” component of WRF-Chem. Most of the studies dealing with the urban canopy meteorological forcing on air pollution focused on change in average conditions or only on a se

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Chawla, Ila, Krishna K. Osuri, Pradeep P. Mujumdar, and Dev Niyogi. "Assessment of the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model for simulation of extreme rainfall events in the upper Ganga Basin." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 22, no. 2 (2018): 1095–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-1095-2018.

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Abstract. Reliable estimates of extreme rainfall events are necessary for an accurate prediction of floods. Most of the global rainfall products are available at a coarse resolution, rendering them less desirable for extreme rainfall analysis. Therefore, regional mesoscale models such as the advanced research version of the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model are often used to provide rainfall estimates at fine grid spacing. Modelling heavy rainfall events is an enduring challenge, as such events depend on multi-scale interactions, and the model configurations such as grid spacing, ph

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LeMone, Margaret A., Bingcheng Wan, Michael Barlage, and Fei Chen. "The Influence of Fire-Induced Surface Changes on the Diurnal Temperature Changes over the Hayman Fire Scar." Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 56, no. 1 (2017): 45–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jamc-d-16-0132.1.

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AbstractDuring the 2010 Bio–Hydro–Atmosphere Interactions of Energy, Aerosols, Carbon, H2O, and Nitrogen (BEACHON) experiment in Colorado, nighttime temperatures over a site within the 2002 “Hayman” fire scar were considerably warmer than over the “Manitou” site that was located outside the fire scar. Temperature differences reached up to 7 K at the surface and extended to an average of 500 m AGL. Afternoon temperatures through the planetary boundary layer (PBL) were similar at the two locations. PBL growth during the day was more rapid at Manitou until 1300 local time, after which the two day

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Malek, Sharafat. "A Re-design Proposal for the ‘Occupational’ & ‘Environmental’ Medicine syllabus under ‘Community Medicine’ subject of the third-year MBBS curriculum in Bangladesh: Suggesting to apply ‘PBLs’, ‘Blended-learning (or, flipped classroom)’ and ‘Guest-lectures’." Bangladesh Journal of Medical Education 12, no. 1 (2021): 50–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjme.v12i1.52309.

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The reported illnesses and injuries attributed to environmental and occupational factors is a major health challenge being experienced globally over the years.1 In current decade, Bangladesh has experienced a number of environmental and occupational health-related hazards that not only have cost huge government involvement, medically and financially but also caused international bodies to intervene into local affairs (see Table 1). These unprecedented events often question how prepared are young Bangladeshi doctors if they are to receive and manage disaster-victims at real time.2 Globally, ‘Oc

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De Pascalis, Roberto, Lara Mittereder, Nikki J. Kennett, and Karen L. Elkins. "Activities of Murine Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes Provide Immune Correlates That Predict Francisella tularensis Vaccine Efficacy." Infection and Immunity 84, no. 4 (2016): 1054–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.01348-15.

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We previously identified potential correlates of vaccine-induced protection againstFrancisella tularensisusing murine splenocytes and further demonstrated that the relative levels of gene expression varied significantly between tissues. In contrast to splenocytes, peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs) represent a means to bridge vaccine efficacy in animal models to that in humans. Here we take advantage of this easily accessible source of immune cells to investigate cell-mediated immune responses against tularemia, whose sporadic incidence makes clinical trials of vaccines difficult. Using PBLs f

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Sobrinho, J. L. G., and P. Augusto. "Stellar mass primordial black holes as cold dark matter." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 496, no. 1 (2020): 60–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa1437.

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ABSTRACT Primordial black holes (PBHs) might have formed in the early Universe due to the collapse of density fluctuations. PBHs may act as the sources for some of the gravitational waves recently observed. We explored the formation scenarios of PBHs of stellar mass, taking into account the possible influence of the QCD phase transition, for which we considered three different models: crossover model, bag model, and lattice fit model. For the fluctuations, we considered a running-tilt power-law spectrum; when these cross the ∼10−9–10−1 s Universe horizon they originate 0.05–500 M⊙ PBHs that co

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Zilitinkevich, S. S., I. N. Esau, and A. Baklanov. "Atmospheric boundary layers in storms: advanced theory and modelling applications." Advances in Geosciences 2 (March 29, 2005): 47–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/adgeo-2-47-2005.

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Abstract. Turbulent planetary boundary layers (PBLs) control the exchange processes between the atmosphere and the ocean/land. The key problems of PBL physics are to determine the PBL height, the momentum, energy and matter fluxes at the surface and the mean wind and scalar profiles throughout the layer in a range of regimes from stable and neutral to convective. Until present, the PBLs typical of stormy weather were always considered as neutrally stratified. Recent works have disclosed that such PBLs are in fact very strongly affected by the static stability of the free atmosphere and must be

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Sharma, Ratnesh Kumar, and Bechan Sharma. "In-VitroCarbofuran Induced Genotoxicity in Human Lymphocytes and Its Mitigation by Vitamins C and E." Disease Markers 32, no. 3 (2012): 153–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/194502.

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Various efforts have been made in past in order to predict the underlying mechanism of pesticide-induced toxicity usingin vitroand animal models, however, these predictions may or may not be directly correlated with humans. The present study was designed to investigate the carbofuran induced genotoxicity and its amelioration by vitamins C and E by treating human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) with different concentrations (0, 0.5, 1.25, 2.5, 3.75 and 5.0 μM) of this compound. The treatment of PBLs with carbofuran displayed significant DNA damage in concentration dependent manner. The carb

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Kanda, Reiko, Yi Shang, Satsuki Tsuji, Kiyomi Eguchi-Kasai, and Isamu Hayata. "An Improved Culture System of Mouse Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes for Analysis of Radiation-Induced Chromosome Aberrations." Bioscience Reports 24, no. 6 (2004): 641–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10540-005-2798-4.

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There is an incentive to develop a culture system of mouse peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) to serve as models for studying genotoxic effects in humans exposed to mutagens, including ionizing radiation. However, many past approaches have been laborious, complex and only partly reproducible. In the present study, we established an improved culture system of mouse PBLs by removing blood and/or plasma, which was found to inhibit in vitro mitotic stimulation or proceeding cell cycles of lymphocytes. We compared the reactions of isolated PBLs to mitogens between the classical method and the pres

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Li, Chuan, Yee Peng Phoon, Keaton Karlinsey, et al. "P853 Single cell transcriptome analysis identifies unique features in circulating CD8+ T cells that can predict immunotherapy response in melanoma patients." Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer 8, Suppl 1 (2020): A5.1—A5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/lba2019.7.

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BackgroundImmune checkpoint blockade (ICB) has greatly advanced the treatment of melanoma. A key component of ICB is the stimulation of CD8+ T cells in the tumor. However, ICB therapy only benefits a subset of patients and a reliable prediction method that does not require invasive biopsies is still a major challenge in the field.MethodsWe conducted a set of comprehensive single-cell transcriptomic analyses of CD8+ T cells in the peripheral blood (mPBL) and tumors (mTIL) from 8 patients with metastatic melanoma.ResultsCompared to circulating CD8+ T cells from healthy donors (hPBL), mPBLs conta

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