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Quinn, Tyler, Jung-Hyun Kim, Yongsuk Seo, and Aitor Coca. "Comparison of Thermal Manikin Modeling and Human Subjects’ Response During Use of Cooling Devices Under Personal Protective Ensembles in the Heat." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 33, no. 3 (2018): 279–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x18000328.
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AbstractIntroductionPersonal protective equipment (PPE) recommended for use in West Africa during the Ebola outbreak increased risk for heat illness, and countermeasures addressing this issue would be valuable.Hypothesis/ProblemThe purpose of this study was to examine the physiological impact and heat perception of four different personal cooling devices (PCDs) under impermeable PPE during low-intensity exercise in a hot and humid environment using thermal manikin modeling and human testing.MethodsSix healthy male subjects walked on a treadmill in a hot/humid environment (32°C/92% relative humidity [RH]) at three metabolic equivalents (METs) for 60 minutes wearing PPE recommended for use in West Africa and one of four different personal cooling devices (PCDs; PCD1, PCD2, PCD3, and PCD4) or no PCD for control (CON). The same ensembles were tested with thermal manikin modeling software in the same conditions to compare the results.ResultsAll PCDs seemed to reduce physiological heat stress characteristics when worn under PPE compared to CON. Both the manikin and human testing provided similar results in core temperature (Tc) and heat sensation (HS) in both magnitude and relationship. While the manikin and human data provided similar skin temperature (Tsk) characterization, Tskestimation by the manikin seemed to be slightly over-estimated. Weight loss, as estimated by the manikin, was under-estimated compared to the human measurement.ConclusionPersonal cooling device use in conjunction with impermeable PPE may be advantageous in mitigating physiological and perceptual burdens of heat stress. Evaluation of PCDs worn under PPE can be done effectively via human or manikin testing; however, Tskmay be over-estimated and weight loss may be under-estimated. Thermal manikin testing of PCDs may provide fast and accurate information to persons recommending or using PCDs with PPE.QuinnT,KimJH,SeoY,CocaA.Comparison of thermal manikin modeling and human subjects’ response during use of cooling devices under personal protective ensembles in the heat.Prehosp Disaster Med.2018;33(3):279–287.
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Palomino-Durand, Carla, Marco Lopez, Frédéric Cazaux, Bernard Martel, Nicolas Blanchemain, and Feng Chai. "Influence of the SolubleInsoluble Ratios of Cyclodextrins Polymers on the Viscoelastic Properties of Injectable ChitosanBased Hydrogels for Biomedical Application." Polymers 11, no. 2 (2019): 214. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11020214.
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Injectable pre-formed physical hydrogels provide many advantages for biomedical applications. Polyelectrolyte complexes (PEC) formed between cationic chitosan (CHT) and anionic polymers of cyclodextrin (PCD) render a hydrogel of great interest. Given the difference between water-soluble (PCDs) and water-insoluble PCD (PCDi) in the extension of polymerization, the present study aims to explore their impact on the formation and properties of CHT/PCD hydrogel obtained from the variable ratios of PCDi and PCDs in the formulation. Hydrogels CHT/PCDi/PCDs at weight ratios of 3:0:3, 3:1.5:1.5, and 3:3:0 were elaborated in a double–syringe system. The chemical composition, microstructure, viscoelastic properties, injectability, and structural integrity of the hydrogels were investigated. The cytotoxicity of the hydrogel was also evaluated by indirect contact with pre-osteoblast cells. Despite having similar shear–thinning and self-healing behaviors, the three hydrogels showed a marked difference in their rheological characteristics, injectability, structural stability, etc., depending on their PCDi and PCDs contents. Among the three, all the best above-mentioned properties, in addition to a high cytocompatibility, were found in the hydrogel 3:1.5:1.5. For the first time, we gained a deeper understanding of the role of the PCDi/PCDs in the injectable pre-formed hydrogels (CHT/PCDi/PCDs), which could be further fine-tuned to enhance their performance in biomedical applications.
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Eljarrat, Ethel. "Effects of Sewage Sludges Contaminated with Chlorinated Aromatic Hydrocarbons on Sludge-Treated Areas (Soils and Sediments)." Scientific World JOURNAL 2 (2002): 1729–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/tsw.2002.880.
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The fate of PCDDs, PCDFs, and PCBs in sewage sludges after different management techniques — such as agricultural application, land restoration, and marine disposal — was studied. Changes observed in the concentrations, in the ratio between PCDD and PCDF levels, and in the isomeric distribution suggest the influence of the sewage sludge on the sludge-treated areas (soils and sediments). Whereas land application techniques seem to produce no serious environmental consequences, marine disposal practices produce considerable increases in the levels of contamination in marine sediments.
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Du, Han, Hu Xu, Yun Zhao, Dan Li, and Yuhong Wang. "Mercury Ions Mediated Phosphorus Containing Carbon Dots as Fluorescent Probe for Biothiols Screening." Nano 13, no. 10 (2018): 1850116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793292018501163.
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In this study, we report the mercury ions (Hg[Formula: see text]) mediated phosphorus-containing carbon dots (PCDs) as a selective “off–on” fluorescence probe for glutathione (GSH), cysteine (Cys) and homocysteine (Hcys). PCDs obtained by hydrothermal reaction are sensitive to Hg[Formula: see text] ions and its fluorescence can be significantly quenched owing to the electron transfer from the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) of PCDs to Hg[Formula: see text]. Interestingly, the weak fluorescence of Hg[Formula: see text]-mediated PCDs could be gradually recovered with the addition of GSH, Cys and Hcys. This can be attributed to the formation of Hg[Formula: see text]–S complex due to the super affinity of Hg[Formula: see text]–sulfydryl bond. The formation of Hg[Formula: see text]–S complex extremely reduces the oxidation ability of Hg[Formula: see text] that inhibits the electron transfer from LUMO of PCDs to Hg[Formula: see text] and re-opens the native electron transition from LUMO to the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) of PCDs. Thus, the green fluorescence of PCDs is switched on. Furthermore, the present Hg[Formula: see text]-mediated PCDs assay exhibits a high selectivity for GSH, Cys and Hcy and has been successfully used to detect the total biothiols content in human urine samples.
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Ávila-Vitor, Maria Regina do Carmo, and Maria Nivalda de Carvalho-Freitas. "Valores organizacionais e concepções de deficiência: a percepção de pessoas incluídas." Psicologia: Ciência e Profissão 32, no. 4 (2012): 792–807. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1414-98932012000400003.
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O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar, do ponto de vista das pessoas com deficiência (PcDs) inseridas no trabalho, se havia relação entre a percepção que elas tinham dos valores organizacionais e as formas como viam a deficiência no trabalho. O estudo foi realizado em uma empresa referência em inclusão. Foram utilizados o Inventário de Concepções de Deficiência em Situações de Trabalho e o Inventário de Valores Organizacionais. Também foram feitas entrevistas com PcDs, seus gestores e coordenadores do programa de inclusão. Verificou-se que existe uma correlação negativa entre a percepção que as PcDs têm sobre o prestígio e a forma como é vista a normalidade pela empresa, isto é, as PcDs relacionam o prestígio da empresa a uma concepção de deficiência que não as coloca como um desviante de um padrão normal de ser humano. Além disso, foi possível identificar aspectos considerados importantes no processo de inserção de PcDs, como o reconhecimento da inclusão como valor organizacional, a necessidade de adequação das condições de trabalho, o papel das PcDs no processo de inclusão e a importância da convivência com PcDs em um cenário favorável ao seu desempenho.
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Wong, Sophia Isako. "Justice and Cognitive Disabilities." Essays in Philosophy 9, no. 1 (2008): 21–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/eip20089117.
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The question of how to treat people with cognitive disabilities (PCDs) poses an important problem for Rawlsian theories of justice because it is unclear whether PCDs are included within the scope of moral personhood. Rawls’s Standard Solution focuses on nondisabled adults as the fundamental case, while later addressing PCDs as marginal cases. I claim that the Standard Solution has two weaknesses. First, it relies on a dichotomy between nondisabled and disabled that is tenuous and difficult to defend. Second, it makes the theory circular in a vicious way.I argue that Rawls’s theory can be revised so that it solves the problem of how to treat PCDs while avoiding the two weaknesses of the Standard Solution. There are three constraints on any successfully revised Rawlsian theory: 1) it must be resourcist rather than welfarist; 2) it must provide some principled basis for limiting our obligations to PCDs; and 3) it must address the whole range of PCDs, including the most severely disabled individuals.
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Campin, D. N., S. J. Buckland, D. J. Hannah, and J. A. Taucher. "The Identification of Dioxin Sources in an Integrated Wood Processing Facility." Water Science and Technology 24, no. 3-4 (1991): 65–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1991.0463.
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A study was undertaken of the PCDD and PCDF export vectors from a major facility that comprises a bleached kraft pulp mill, paper mills, and previously, a timber processing sawmill. The PCDD and PCDF levels in pulps, untreated effluent, the final effluent, sludges, and discharge to the receiving waters, were studied. The total toxic equivalents were calculated, and the individual PCDD and PCDF profiles showed that there were several contributing sources of dioxins. The various effluent streams that contribute to the final effluent were studied, including the bleached effluent, the other kraft mill effluents, and site effluents from other processing areas. Mass balances of PCDDs and PCDFs from the effluent treatment systems are presented. The paper outlines the use of full PCDD and PCDF profile measurements as a means of identifying the point sources of dioxin contamination from within the facility, and outlines the procedures that are being implemented to control the emission of dioxins in the final effluent.
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Chmil, V. D., O. V. Golokhova, D. Yu Vydrin, and V. I. Kruk. "Relevance of the problem of dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) determination in baby food products." One Health and Nutrition Problems of Ukraine 52, no. 1 (2020): 32–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.33273/2663-9726-2020-52-1-32-39.
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The Aim of the Article. Analysis of the current state of the problem of the dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) determination in baby food products and the development of sample preparation methods for determining these xenobiotics in food products for infants and young children. Dioxins form a group of structurally and chemically related chlorinated tricyclic oxygen-containing aromatic compounds (congeners), which includes 75 polychlorinated dibenzo-para-dioxins (PCDDs) and 135 polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs). The most toxic congeners of dioxins, in which chlorine atoms along with other positions are necessarily in 2,3,7,8 positions of benzene rings. Their total number is 17:7 PCDD congeners and 10 PCDF congeners. A group of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) – chlorinated bicyclic aromatic compounds, which consists of 209 different congeners, 12 of which have a spatial and electronic structure and exhibit toxicological properties similar to dioxins, therefore, they are called dioxin-like PCBs (DL-PCBs). In addition, when monitoring food products as a marker, a group of 6 PCBs was selected that did not exhibit dioxin-like toxicity and therefore did not belong to dioxin-like PCBs (NDL-PCBs). Thus, of the total number of 419 PCDDs, PCDFs and PCBs, only 35 are toxicologically significant, therefore, these compounds are subject to control in baby food products. To control the content of the amount of dioxins, the amount of dioxins and DL-PCBs and the amount of NDL-PCBs in foods for infants and children from one to three years in Ukraine, the maximum levels of these compounds on the basis of the order of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine No. 368 of 05/13/2013 were harmonized with the maximum allowable levels in foods for infants and young children in accordance with Commission Regulation (EU) No. 1259/2011. Methods for the analysis of dioxins and PCBs. Two instrumental analysis methods are used to determine dioxins and dioxin-like PCBs in foods for baby food: 1) a combination of high-resolution (capillary) gas chromatography with high-resolution mass spectrometry (GC/MS); 2) a combination of GCHR with tandem mass spectroscopy (GC/MS/MS). High-resolution (capillary) gas chromatography is used to determine non-dioxin-like (marker) PCBs. The stage of sample preparation, including the stages of extraction and purification, is key in determining dioxins and PCBs. Conclusions. The stage of sample preparation using automatic devices (liquid extraction under pressure, an automated extract purification system) and chromatographic columns was developed to further determine the mass concentration of dioxins and PCBs in baby food products. The developed procedures using devices for the automatic extraction and purification of the obtained extracts from baby food samples will make it possible in the future to determine PCDDs/PCDFs, ortho-unsubstituted, mono-ortho-substituted and marker PCBs in one sample. Key Words: dioxins, polychlorinated biphenyls, baby food.
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Wu, Jing, Wenjing Wang, and Zonghua Wang. "Porphin-Based Carbon Dots for “Turn Off–On” Phosphate Sensing and Cell Imaging." Nanomaterials 10, no. 2 (2020): 326. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10020326.
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Porphin-based carbon dots (denoted as PCDs) are prepared through a one-step hydrothermal method by using meso-tetra (4-carboxyphenyl) porphin (TCPP), citric acid, and ethanediamine as precursor. PCDs give rise to the optimal photoluminescence at λex/λem = 375/645 nm, exhibit an excitation-independent property, excellent water solubility, and good biocompatibility, which provide red emission and avoid the autofluorescence as an efficient fluorescent imaging probe. On the other hand, when Eu3+ is added into PCDs, the carboxylate groups located on the surface of PCDs exhibit high affinity to Eu3+, resulting in the fluorescence of PCDs turning off via static quenching. In the presence of phosphate, owing to the strong coordination with Eu3+, the fluorescence of PCDs turns on. Based on this performance, a novel “turn off–on” phosphate sensing system is developed. The detection limit of this sensing system can attain 3.59 × 10−3 μmol L−1. This system has been utilized for the detection of phosphate in real samples successfully, which further demonstrates potential applications in biological diagnostic and environmental analysis.
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Craig, Kate, and Ruth Glover. "CPD for PCDs." Vital 1, no. 2 (2004): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/vital079.
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Liu, Yuan, Ting Lin, Cui Cheng, et al. "Research Progress on Synthesis and Application of Cyclodextrin Polymers." Molecules 26, no. 4 (2021): 1090. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26041090.
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Cyclodextrins (CDs) are a series of cyclic oligosaccharides formed by amylose under the action of CD glucosyltransferase that is produced by Bacillus. After being modified by polymerization, substitution and grafting, high molecular weight cyclodextrin polymers (pCDs) containing multiple CD units can be obtained. pCDs retain the internal hydrophobic-external hydrophilic cavity structure characteristic of CDs, while also possessing the stability of polymer. They are a class of functional polymer materials with strong development potential and have been applied in many fields. This review introduces the research progress of pCDs, including the synthesis of pCDs and their applications in analytical separation science, materials science, and biomedicine.
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Barbosa Sak, Laís Teixeira, Pedro Pulzatto Peruzzo, and Silvio Beltramelli Neto. "Proteção do trabalho das pessoas com deficiência no âmbito internacional: [des]conexões entre Organização Internacional do Trabalho e o Comitê Internacional sobre os direitos das pessoas com deficiência." Revista Videre 13, no. 27 (2021): 332–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.30612/videre.v13i27.13314.
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Apesar de a Organização Internacional do Trabalho (OIT) ter dedicado grande atenção ao tema do Trabalho Decente desde o ano 2000, esta não tem feito alusão às pessoas com deficiência (PcDs) nos principais documentos internacionais sobre este tema, sendo, pois, “Trabalho Decente” e “pessoas com deficiência” tratados reiteradamente em agendas distintas. Em 2020, um documento da OIT sobre condições de trabalho das PcDs durante a pandemia ocasionada pelo COVID-19 foi embrionário neste sentido por aludir que as decisões no momento de pandemia repercutiriam no acesso de tais pessoas ao Trabalho Decente. Considerando o compromisso de cooperação internacional e, especialmente, as diversas orientações do Comitê Internacional sobre Direitos das Pessoas com Deficiência (Comitê), criado pela ONU em 2007, acerca do direito ao trabalho e emprego das PcDs, analisar-se-á se é possível afirmar que há alguma convergência entre as orientações da OIT e do Comitê em relação ao Trabalho Decente para as PcDs. Foram empregados os métodos hipotético-dedutivo e documental (análise qualitativa), sendo assumida como hipótese a inexistência de convergência conceitual entre os dois organismos internacionais quanto à promoção do Trabalho Decente. O trabalho analisa vários documentos destes organismos sobre “Trabalho Decente”, “trabalho e PcDs”, incluindo convenções, declarações e outros documentos, bem como o diretório “jurisprudência do Comitê”. Embora os organismos possuam expressões diferentes, conclui-se que há certa convergência entre ambos para promover condições dignas de trabalho às PcDs, mas falta interação para mútuo conhecimento das barreiras enfrentadas pelas PcDs no trabalho.
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Bairy, Bhavya K., Aurobind Ganesh, Sandeepa Kaur, et al. "Capacity Building in Mental Health for Bihar: Overview of the 1-Year Blended Training Program for Nonspecialist Medical Officers." Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice 12, no. 02 (2021): 329–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1722842.
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Abstract Objective The aim of this study is to give an experiential overview of a 1-year blended training program for nonspecialist medical officers (primary care doctors; PCDs) of Bihar State of India. The training program was aimed to enable PCDs identify, diagnose, and treat commonly presenting psychiatric disorders in primary care Methods PCDs had a brief onsite orientation program to psychiatric practice at National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro-Sciences (NIMHANS), followed by 10 months of online blended training. The online program followed the NIMHANS Virtual Knowledge- Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes (ECHO) model, that is, a hub and spokes model of training Results Twenty-two PCDs participated in this program. Eleven of them got accredited at the end. The onsite orientation consisted of exposure to various psychiatry facilities at NIMHANS, in addition to learning psychiatric history taking and mental status examination. The ECHO model of online learning consisted of fortnightly sessions, lasting 2 hours each. There were 20 such sessions. Each session consisted of a didactic lecture by the psychiatrist followed by a case discussion. The cases were presented by PCDs, moderated by the hub specialists (NIMHANS). At the end of the training, participants rated an average of 4.5/5 on the mode, content and relevance of training and increase in knowledge due to the training. Around 23,000 patients were cared for during the said 1 year by the trained PCDs. Conclusion Training PCDs in a manner that enables retaining the learnt skills is feasible. However, rigorous evaluation protocols are needed in order to test this in a systematic fashion.
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Wilson, J. Y., R. F. Addison, D. Martens, R. Gordon, and B. Glickman. "Cytochrome P450 1A and related measurements in juvenile chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) from the Fraser River." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 57, no. 2 (2000): 405–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f99-251.
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Juvenile chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) were captured at six sites on the upper Fraser, Nechako, and Thompson rivers, British Columbia, Canada. Biological responses were measured in the liver to assess the effects of contaminants on the fish before they began migration downstream. Both ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) activity and CYP 1A concentrations were significantly enhanced, being two- to three-fold higher in Fraser River samples compared with those fish from reference sites on the Nechako River. DNA adduct concentrations were two- to four-fold higher in Fraser River fish, although liver histopathology appeared unaffected. Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in the carcasses contributed to total contaminant burdens of less than 1 pg·g-1. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) metabolites were undetectable in nearly all samples of bile. There were strong correlations between EROD activity, CYP 1A induction, and DNA adduct concentrations but no clear correlation between these responses and PCDD, PCDF, or PCB concentrations.
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Agha, Amar, Diarmuid Smith, Francis Finucane, et al. "Attenuation of vasopressin-induced antidiuresis in poorly controlled type 2 diabetes." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 287, no. 6 (2004): E1100—E1106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00214.2004.
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Renal resistance to vasopressin has been demonstrated in type 1 diabetes and in type 2 diabetes with nephropathy. However, renal response to vasopressin in type 2 diabetes without nephropathy has not been studied. We studied 10 subjects with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes (PCDS; Hb A1c >9%), 10 subjects with well-controlled type 2 diabetes (WCDS; Hb A1c <7%), and 10 matched nondiabetic control subjects (NDCS) during a euglycemic 8-h water deprivation test. None of the subjects had nephropathy. Water deprivation caused similar rises in plasma vasopressin concentrations in all three groups, but the rise in urine osmolality in PCDS (280.3 ± 49.7 to 594.4 ± 88.5 mosmol/kgH2O) was lower than in WCDS (360.7 ± 142.8 to 794.1 ± 77.3 mosmol/kgH2O, P < 0.001) or NDCS (336.0 ± 123.3 to 786.5 ± 63.3 mosmol/kgH2O, P = 0.019). Total urine output was higher in the PCDS than in WCDS and NDCS ( P < 0.05). Linear regression analysis showed that, in PCDS, the osmotic thresholds for thirst (291.9 ± 4.6 mosmol/kgH2O) and vasopressin release (291.1 ± 2.9 mosmol/kgH2O) were higher compared with WCDS (286.6 ± 1.8 and 286.0 ± 3.6 mosmol/kgH2O, respectively) and NDCS (286.0 ± 2.4 and 284.1 ± 4.7 mosmol/kgH2O, respectively) (between groups P < 0.001 for both variables). Under conditions of euglycemia, PCDS have impaired renal response to vasopressin and elevated osmotic threshold for thirst and vasopressin release in response to dehydration. Under conditions of chronic hyperglycemia, these abnormalities may significantly contribute to the development of dehydration in PCDS.
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Vasconcelos, Flaviane Santiago de, and Thércia Lucena Grangeiro Maranhão. "Os Desafios das Empresas em Contratar Pessoas com Deficiência: Revisão Sistemática da Literatura / The Challenges of Companies in Hiring People with Disabilities: Systematic Literature Review." ID on line REVISTA DE PSICOLOGIA 14, no. 51 (2020): 754–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.14295/idonline.v14i51.2633.
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O presente artigo tem como objetivo geral avaliar os principais desafios das organizações em contratar pessoas com deficiência PcDs ,e como objetivos específicos o estudo pretende : refletir sobre o processo de inclusão de Pessoas com deficiências nas empresas PcDs; avaliar a maneira de contratação das pessoas com deficiência PcDs nas organizações; entender o impacto das cotas nas contrações de pessoas com deficiências. O método utilizado foi uma revisão sistemática da literatura, realizada por meio de consulta nas bases de dados SciELO, Capes , BDTD e outros materiais como livros e revistas eletrônicas. Dessa forma, foram considerados os critérios de inclusão e exclusão, 20 artigos foram selecionados, cujos os resultados mostraram os principais desafios ligados à contratação de PcDs nas empresas. Portanto, os resultados evidenciaram que, apesar dos esforços para inserção das pessoas com deficiência no mercado de trabalho, a trajetória para a inclusão ainda está recheada de desafios.
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Mcneill, A. "How Accurate are Primary Care Referral Letters for Presumed Acute Stroke?" Scottish Medical Journal 53, no. 4 (2008): 11–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/rsmsmj.53.4.11.
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The introduction of thrombolysis for the treatment of acute ischaemic stroke has increased the importance of prompt and accurate diagnosis. Research has shown a high rate of misdiagnosis of acute stroke in the community by paramedics and primary care doctors (PCDs). In this study, referral letters for presumed acute stroke or Transient Ischaemic Attack (TIA) were audited to assess the diagnostic accuracy of PCDs and the quality of the referral letters. In 30 % of cases, the diagnosis of stroke was correct. Important stroke mimics included sepsis, delirium and functional disorders. PCDs may benefit from a stroke recognition tool to increase diagnostic accuracy.
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Patel, Malini M., Shams B. Bufalino, Anai N. Kothari, Paul C. Kuo, and Sucha Nand. "Increased Risk of Sternal Complications in Patients with Plasma Cell Dyscrasias (PCDs) Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG)." Blood 126, no. 23 (2015): 5319. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v126.23.5319.5319.
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Abstract Introduction: Skeletal events, including fractures, form an important part of the clinical spectrum of PCDs. Skeletal surveys, even though less sensitive than MRI, remain the usual method of screening for lytic lesions and fractures in these patients but may miss subtle abnormalities. Patients undergoing a CABG normally require a midline sternal incision, which may increase the risk of a skeletal event. Patients with PCDs also have an increased risk of infection, thrombosis, and renal failure. To our knowledge, there is no published data about complications of cardiothoracic surgery in these patients. We hypothesized that patients with PCDs will have a higher risk of complications when compared to those without such history. Methods: Data on patients who underwent non-urgent coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery from 2007 to 2011 was obtained by querying the Healthcare Cost and Utilization State Inpatient Databases for Florida and California. Information was available only for the inpatient stay plus a 30-day follow-up period. Diagnoses of multiple myeloma and monoclonal gammopathy of unknown significance (MGUS) were identified using ICD-9-CM codes. Mixed-effects logistic models were used to measure the association between PCDs and postoperative sternal complications controlling for demographics and comorbidity. Secondary outcomes of study in bivariate analysis included postoperative complications and 30-day readmission rates. Results: A total of 54,422 patients who underwent non-urgent CABG were identified. Of those patients, 500 were known to have a PCD. Ninety two percent of those patients (462 out of 500) had a diagnosis of MGUS. Median age was 66.6 years for the control group and 65.4 years in the PCDs group, and the male to female ratio was equal in both cohorts. In the PCD group, there was a statistically significant higher incidence of anemia, obesity, and renal failure prior to surgical intervention. Sternal infections occurred in 519 (1%) of the patients in the control group versus 18 (3.6%) of the patients in PCDs group (p<0.001). The 30-day all cause readmission rate was similar between the two groups but the 30-day sternal complication rate was significantly higher in the PCDs group (6.8% vs 3.7%; p<0.001). The odds ratio of sternal infection was 3.84 (CI 2.38-6.20) and the odds ratio of sternal dehiscence was 3.87 (CI 1.98-7.57) in the PCDs group when compared to the control group, both of which are statistically significant. Similarly, the odds ratio of sternal complications at 30-days was 1.92 (CI 1.35-2.73) in the PCDs group when compared to the control group. There were no statistically significant differences in the rates of postoperative myocardial infarctions, strokes, urinary tract infections, acute kidney injury, pneumonias, deep venous thrombosis, and gastrointestinal complications between the two cohorts. Conclusions: Our data shows that patients with PCDs have a lower hemoglobin level, renal insufficiency, and are obese at the time of coronary bypass surgery. It is important to note that the majority of the subjects in our study population had MGUS, a condition usually associated with little morbidity. Nonetheless, our cohort of patients with PCDs had a significantly increased risk of sternal wound infection and dehiscence. The treating physicians should be aware of these risks and patients should be informed. Prospective studies will be necessary to confirm and extend these findings. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Kulkarni, Karishma, Alur Manjappa Adarsha, Rajini Parthasarathy, et al. "Concurrent Validity and Interrater Reliability of the “Clinical Schedules for Primary Care Psychiatry”." Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice 10, no. 03 (2019): 483–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1697878.
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Abstract Background and Objectives There is limited access to specialized mental health care in countries such as India with a wide treatment gap for psychiatric illnesses. Integrating mental health delivery with primary health-care services is vital. The clinical schedules for primary care psychiatry (CSP) was designed for training primary care doctors (PCDs) to identify and diagnose psychiatric illness in patients presenting to primary care settings. This study aims to study the validity and reliability of the CSP and its hypothesis is that the CSP would help PCDs to identify psychiatric caseness. Methods The study was conducted at three primary health centers of Karnataka. Consented PCDs were briefly trained in the use of CSP and screened patients who were later interviewed by a psychiatrist using a semistructured interview and confirmed by International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 10th edition (ICD-10) symptom checklist. The appropriate statistical analysis was performed. Results A total of 180 patients were included. Agreement was found between diagnoses made by PCDs and psychiatrist for 142 (78. 9%) patients with a Cohen's kappsychiatry pa (K) = 0. 57. The sensitivity was 91. 1% and specificity was 68. 3%. The interrater reliability showed K = 0. 7. Conclusion The CSP helps PCDs to make psychiatric diagnoses. It has a relatively high sensitivity with reasonably high specificity but mayneed clinical training.
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Bai, Si Hong, Zhi Fu Qi, Jie Liu, Tong Chen, Sheng Yong Lu, and Xiao Dong Li. "Effect of Carrier Gas Flow Rate in Thermal Desorption Process of PCBs Contaminated Soil." Advanced Materials Research 878 (January 2014): 731–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.878.731.
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A real PCBs contaminated soil was heated at 500°C using pure nitrogen as carrier gas under different flow rate to investigate the influence of carrier gas flow rate on the thermal desorption process. After 1 hour thermal treatment, the residual PCBs in soil decreased and the removal efficiency (RE) of PCBs is up to 95.1%. The distributions of PCBs in soil under different flow rate were identical. The World Health Organization toxic equivalency quantity (WHO TEQ) of PCBs in soil got its lowest value at 400Nml/min. Tetra-and higher chlorinated PCBs desorbed to carrier gas increased with increased flow rate, while the total amount of PCBs, Tri-and lower chlorinated PCBs first increased then decreased. The distributions of PCBs in carrier gas became more closely to the raw soil with increased flow rate. The TEQ of PCBs in carrier gas increased with increased flow rate. Increased flow rate enhanced the mass transfer of PCBs in the soil but shortened the preheating time of carrier gas and the retention time of carries gas, weakening the mass transfer and degradation process in gas phase. The RE of WHO TEQ of PCDDs in treated soil decreased from 86.7% to 83.2% with increased flow rate while the RE of WHO TEQ of PCDFs decreased from 85.4% to 70.0%. After thermal treatment process, the total amount of PCDD/Fs TEQ in soil and carrier gas increase from 43.8% to 18.6% times of that in raw soil. Considering removal efficiency of PCBs and PCDD/Fs and generation of PCDD/Fs in soil and gas phase, an optimized flow rate should be set at about 400Nml/min.
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Telles, Marcelo Josué, Jorge Luis Victória Barbosa, and Rodrigo Da Rosa Righi. "Um Modelo Computacional para Cidades Inteligentes Assistivas." iSys - Brazilian Journal of Information Systems 10, no. 1 (2017): 52–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/isys.2017.328.
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Este artigo apresenta o MASC, um modelo computacional para criação de cidades inteligentes assistivas. A aplicação da computação ubíqua na acessibilidade oportuniza soluções para pessoas com deficiências (PcDs). Diferente dos trabalhos relacionados, o MASC utiliza as interações das PcDs para composição de trilhas que são oferecidas como serviços. O modelo é genérico, auxiliando em diferentes tipos de deficiências. Além disso, o MASC foi projetado para viabilizar aplicações massivas. A implementação de um protótipo permitiu a avaliação do MASC, considerando-se desempenho e funcionalidade. A avaliação foi realizada com dados gerados por um simulador de contextos em uma região localizada na cidade São Leopoldo - RS. Os resultados apresentados nos testes indicam que os serviços oferecidos pelo modelo podem ser implantados nas cidades inteligentes para colaborar com acessibilidade, auxiliando PcDs, profissionais da saúde e administração pública.
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Fowler, Jacqueline. "Affiliate Membership Scheme for PCDs." Bulletin of The Royal College of Surgeons of England 87, no. 2 (2005): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/147363505x25441.
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Kaneko, Hideo, Eiko Matsui, Shinnji Shinoda, et al. "Effects of dioxins on the quantitative levels of immune components in infants." Toxicology and Industrial Health 22, no. 3 (2006): 131–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1191/0748233706th249oa.
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Dioxins (polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin (PCDD)=polychlorinated dibenzofuran (PCDF)) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are potentially hazardous compounds and have structural similarity with thyroid hormones. Animal studies have demonstrated that PCDDs, PCDFs and PCBs can alter immune functions. However, in humans it is not yet elucidated whether dioxins contained in breast milk have any effects on the immune functions in infants. To investigate the effects of dioxins on the immune system, we compared the quantitative levels of immune components between a breast-fed group and bottle-fed group, in which dioxin concentration is almost zero. Ratios of immune cells, such as CD4= and CD8= T-lymphocytes, as well as B-lymphocytes (CD19= and/or CD20=) and NK cells (CD16=, CD56=) in peripheral blood lymphocytes, serum immunoglobulin level, and level of specific IgE antibody to allergens in the venous blood at 12 months of age were assessed in a subgroup of 281 infants. The relationship of post-natal dioxin exposure via breast feeding with the ratio of immunological markers and the level of humoral antibodies up to 12 month of age was not demonstrated. In conclusion, it would appear that the content of dioxins in breast milk in the Japanese general population is not enough to induce any change in theses-examined immunological parameters during the first year of life, although long-term effects remain to be evaluated.
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Palhares, José Vitor, Ana Augusta Almeida de Souza dos Santos, Marina Estela Almeida Rosa, and Thiago Lima Bahia Santos. "O CARÁTER INCLUSIVO DAS PRÁTICAS DE RECURSOS HUMANOS NAS ORGANIZAÇÕES: UM ESTUDO DE CASO NO SUL DE MINAS GERAIS." Caderno de Administração 27, no. 1 (2020): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4025/cadadm.v27i1.50541.
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O objetivo deste artigo foi analisar as práticas inclusivas de Recursos Humanos existentes em um hospital do sul de Minas Gerais, compreendendo tanto a percepção da gestora de RH como a das PcDs contratadas pela organização. Por meio de uma pesquisa qualitativa, de caráter descritivo, foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com seis PcDs e uma gestora de RH do hospital, e a análise dos dados foi feita por meio da Análise de Conteúdo. Constatou-se que as políticas de inclusão da organização estão mais presentes no discurso da gestora de RH do que nas práticas organizacionais. Nesse sentido, fica evidente a existência de um discurso politicamente correto, com pouca informação consistente a respeito das políticas e práticas de inclusão da instituição e caracterizado pelas divergências entre a realidade visualizada pela gestora e a realidade vivenciada pelas PcDs.
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Chari, Ajai, Soe-Soe Win, Sharon Tindle, and Sundar Jagannath. "Outcomes of Plasma Cell Disorder Patients with Abnormal Hepatitis B and C Screening Tests Prior to Autologous Stem Cell Harvest and Transplantation." Blood 118, no. 21 (2011): 4472. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v118.21.4472.4472.
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Abstract Abstract 4472 Background: High dose melphalan with autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT) is a standard treatment for patients with multiple myeloma (MM) and AL amyloidosis. A standard part of the pre stem cell harvest (SCH)/SCT evaluation at most medical centers is a battery of infection screening tests. While the reactivation of hepatitis B with rituximab is well described, there are limited data on the outcomes or significance of abnormal test results in non-endemic areas in the context of ASCT. Moreover, it is unclear whether patients with plasma cell disorders (PCDs), with their dysregulation of humoral immunity, may have differing rates of abnormal test results on antibody based testing than patients without PCDs. Indeed, one study found hepatitis B seroconversions more commonly with MM post ASCT (Uhm et al, ASBMT 2007). We therefore conducted this retrospective study to examine the outcomes of abnormal infection screening in patients with PCDs and non PCDs undergoing SCH/SCT in the New York Metropolitan area. Method: We reviewed 639 consecutive patients who had autologous hematopoietic stem cell harvests (SCH) done at Saint Vincent Hospital, NY from February, 2000 to March, 2010. Of these patients, 555 had PCDs including multiple myeloma and AL Amyloidosis. The 84 non PCDs included lymphoma and solid tumors patients were used as a comparator group. Result: We first reviewed the rate of positive infectious screening tests and found no difference between PCDs (55 out of 555, 9.9%) and non PCDs (9 out of 84, 10.7%). Of these patients with abnormal screening results, 40 and 7 patients respectively went on to ASCT. 11 patients had more than one infection screening test abnormality, making a total of 76 abnormal tests. As shown in Table 1, 67.1% (51/76) were positive for Hep B core Ab, 19.7% (15/76) for Hepatitis C Ab, 6.5 % (5/76) for syphilis, 5.2 % (4/76) for HTLV and 1.3% (1/76) for HIV. Amongst the 44 patients with PCDs and positive anti-HBc total, 39% (17) were positive antiHBc Ig G antibody but negative for IgM, representing chronic carriers. 9% (4) were negative by both antiHBc Ig M and IgG, which may represent false positive tests, and this pattern was not seen in any of the 7 patients with non PCDs. Of the PCD patients who had Hepatitis B PCR testing, 1 showed chronic active hepatitis and 9 had undetectable viral load. 68.5% of positive Hepatitis B screening patient went on to SCT (including the patient with PCR + but IgM was negative) regardless of the status of test results without any treatment for hepatitis B. Of the 13 PCD patients with positive anti-HCV Ab screening, 46% (6) had active viral replication by PCR and 30% (4) had with undetectable viral load by PCR. 2 patients had negative repeat HCV testing. Only one patient with chronic active HCV infection (146,1200,000 IU/ml) by PCR got treatment by IFN and Ribavirin pretransplant and did not get ASCT. 66.6% of positive Hepatitis C screening patient went on to SCT. Five patients had RBC transfusions during the year preceding infection screening (3 with positive antiHBc total antibody, 1 with HCV antibody and 1 with HTLV antibody). One patient had IVIG transfusion 7 days before screening. There appeared to be no relationship to abnormal screening tests and MM subtype or hypogammaglobulinemia. Of those patients who went on to SCT, transient grade 1 transaminitis during transplant or by day 100 was found in 4 patients (6%) with positive hepatitis B screening. One patient had transient asymptomatic hepatomegaly. We observed no serious hepatic complications in chronic hepatitis B and C carriers without active disease and ASCT appears to be feasible and safe without any anti-viral treatment. Conclusion With the exception of a possible excess of false positive hepatitis B testing in patients with PCDs, there are no other differences in rates of abnormal infection screening tests between PCDs and nonPCDs. The use of more specific viral testing like PCR and Western blot or highly sensitive immunoassay should be considered to avoid false positive results in the analysis of antibody based tests to avoid both unnecessary delays of SCT and anti-viral treatment. In the absence of clinical hepatitis and active viral replication, treatment for chronic Hepatitis B and C carriers does not appear to be required preASCT. Disclosures: Jagannath: Celgene: Membership on an entity’s Board of Directors or advisory committees; Merck: Membership on an entity’s Board of Directors or advisory committees; Millennium: Membership on an entity’s Board of Directors or advisory committees.
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Saban, Rachel, Aimen Vanood, and Gustavo Patino. "Predictors of Post-Concussion Depressive Symptoms in Patients without an Underlying Mood Disorder." Neurology 93, no. 14 Supplement 1 (2019): S32.1—S32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/01.wnl.0000581140.34646.3d.
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ObjectiveTo identify predictors of post-concussion depressive symptoms (PCDS) in patients without baseline depressive symptoms.BackgroundDepression is common after concussion and affects quality of life and recovery. To date, the most reliable predictor for development of PCDS is existence of an underlying mood disorder. However, few predictors for PCDS in patients without an underlying mood disorder have been found.Design/MethodsA systematic search was conducted using PubMed for all original articles on post-concussion syndrome in subjects older than 18 years and depression published up to May 2, 2019. Studies that described baseline characteristics for those with and without post-concussion depression were included. Two independent authors reviewed all titles/abstracts to identify studies that met selection criteria. Studies describing pediatric presentation were excluded.ResultsPost-concussion depressive symptoms appear to be associated with symptoms of the concussion itself and with increased number of symptoms reported. Repeat concussions may also increase the risk of developing depressive symptoms. In those with persistent post-concussive symptoms, symptoms seem to appear in a predictable sequence, such that symptoms later in the sequence are more likely to be present if symptoms earlier in the sequence were already present. As such, patients reporting persistent depressive symptoms were more likely to also report existence of correlated cognitive (difficulty concentrating or remembering, feeling dazed) and somatic (headache, fatigue, sensitivity to noise and/or light) symptoms that appear earlier in sequence (OR 2.2). No association between age and gender and experience of new-onset depressive symptoms following concussion was found.ConclusionsIn patients without underlying depressive symptoms, predictors such as quantity and characterization of post-concussive symptoms may help elucidate patient profiles vulnerable to development of PCDS. Multiple concussions, presence of multiple post-concussive symptoms, and presence of correlated symptoms appear to be predictive. Familiarization with these predictors may lead to earlier detection and optimal treatment of PCDS.
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Ferreira, Aldo Pacheco, and Maria de Fátima Ramos Moreira. "Dioxins and furans in breast milk: a case study of mothers from southern Rio de Janeiro, Brazil." Cadernos de Saúde Pública 31, no. 5 (2015): 1107–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0102-311x00052914.
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A study of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (dl-PCBs) was conducted in a pooled sample of breast milk from 27 primiparous mothers living in 12 locations in the meso-region industrial area of southern Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, between August 2012 and July 2013. Questionnaires with questions regarding food habits, social and economic conditions and places of dwelling were applied. Milk was collected between four and six weeks after delivery from mothers were breast-feeding only one infant. The toxic equivalency (TEQ) of PCDD/Fs, and dl-PCBs were 10.6, 4.77, 6.96 TEQ pg/g, respectively. The understanding and identification of pollution sources may be helpful for applying better counter measures against breast milk dioxin contamination. It is important for pregnant women to have a diet that is as free as possible from chemical contaminants. Further research must be undertaken in the context of epidemiological investigations to more accurately assess the effects of these compounds. The background contamination by PCDD/Fs, and dl-PCBs in mothers living at industrial area in Rio de Janeiro is lower than that generally found in industrialized countries.
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Mallik, Awadesh, Nandadulal Dandapat, Shirshendu Chakraborty, et al. "Characterizations of microwave plasma CVD grown polycrystalline diamond coatings for advanced technological applications." Processing and Application of Ceramics 8, no. 2 (2014): 69–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/pac1402069m.
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Polycrystalline diamond (PCD) coatings ranging from few microns to several hundred microns thickness have been grown by 915MHz microwave plasma reactor with 9000W power. The coatings were deposited on 100mm diameter silicon (Si) substrate from few hours to several days of continuous runs. PCD coatings were made freestanding by wet chemical etching technique. The deposited PCDs were evaluated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electronmicroscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) for physical characterization and compared with authors? earlier work. Refractive index of 2.41 was obtained at 633 nm wavelength and a maximum of 6.6 W?cm-1K-1 value for thermal conductivity could be achieved with the grown coatings. The values are well above the existing non-diamond heat spreading substrates, which makes the grown PCDs as candidates for heat spreaders in different technological applications. High refractive in- dex along with translucent nature of the white freestanding PCDs, make them potential candidate for optical windows.
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Matos, Hamanda De Nazaré Freitas, and Raimundo Wilson Gama Raiol. "PESSOAS COM DEFICIÊNCIA E SEU DIREITO À INCLUSÃO NO MERCADO DE TRABALHO." Revista Eletrônica do Curso de Direito da UFSM 13, no. 3 (2018): 927. http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/1981369431468.
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O presente artigo científico tem como foco discutir as normas de acesso e de permanência das pessoas com deficiência no mercado de trabalho, bem como as dificuldades enfrentadas nesse processo. Tem-se uma legislação brasileira de inclusão muito avançada e que assegura com maestria os direitos das PCDs, de maneira que o problema da efetividade das normas não se dá exatamente por causa do trato jurisdicional. Dá-se, sim, devido ao aspecto comportamental das demais pessoas que, de alguma forma, se relacionam com as PCDs no ambiente de trabalho. Em razão disso, esta pesquisa se desenvolve a partir de uma análise bibliográfica, utilizando-se também de outros instrumentos, tais como dados estatísticos, elementos jurisprudenciais dos tribunais brasileiros e legislação nacional e internacional, com a intenção de descobrir como ultrapassar os obstáculos que impossibilitam ou, pelo menos, dificultam a implementação dessas regras, de forma que, ao menos, encontrem-se medidas alternativas que assegurem os direitos das PCDs ao ingresso e permanência no mercado de trabalho.
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Honda, Masato, Xuchun Qiu, Suzanne Lydia Undap, et al. "Contamination of Heavy Metals, Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-Dioxins/Furans and Dioxin-Like Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Wharf Roach Ligia spp. In Japanese Intertidal and Supratidal Zones." Applied Sciences 11, no. 4 (2021): 1856. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11041856.
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We investigated the pollution levels of 6 heavy metals and 29 dioxins (polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (DL-PCBs)) in intertidal and supratidal zones by using wharf roaches (Ligia spp.) collected from 12 sampling sites on the coast of Northeast Japan from November 2011 to June 2012. The total concentrations of heavy metals ranged from 177 to 377 µg/g-dry weight (dw), and the predominant metals were copper, zinc, and aluminum. The order of the detected level of heavy metals was zinc > aluminum > copper > cadmium > lead > chromium, and this trend was similar to a previous report. The total toxic equivalent (TEQ) value of the PCDD/Fs ranged from less than the limit of detection (<LOD) to 2.33 pg-TEQ/g-dw, and the predominant congener was octachlorodibenzodioxin (<LOD to 110 pg/g-dw). Compared with PCDD/Fs, DL-PCBs were detected at a predominantly higher level (total TEQ value: 0.64–27.79 pg-TEQ/g-dw). Detected levels of dioxins, especially DL-PCBs in the wharf roach, were like those in the bivalves. These results indicate that the wharf roach could reflect heavy metals and dioxin pollution in the supratidal zones and is a suitable environmental indicator for these environmental pollutants. This is the first study to investigate heavy metals, PCDD/Fs, and DL-PCBs pollution in coastal isopods in Japan.
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Jeon, Sang Eun, Sang Won Lee, Kyung Sik Choi, et al. "Pcdd/Fs Concentrations in Blood of Male Chemists Working for Dioxin Analysis." Key Engineering Materials 277-279 (January 2005): 548–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.277-279.548.
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The level of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) concentration in blood of 4 chemists conducting dioxin analysis at a laboratory was estimated. The level of PCDDF/s concentration ranged from 4.48 pg I-TEQ/g-fat to 8.17 pg ITEQ/ g-fat (mean level : 6.19 pg I-TEQ/g-fat, median level : 6.07 pg I-TEQ/g-fat, standard deviation in this study : 1.51 pg I-TEQ/g-fat). The level of PCDD/Fs in bloods of the chemists in this study is not higher compared with other studies in Korea. The portion of PCDFs to the total PCDD/F I-TEQ concentration in this study was found to be over 80%. This is not the case in other countries where the portion of PCDDs to the total TEQ in blood was generally much higher than that of PCDFs. In Korea, the portion of PCDFs to the total PCDD/F I TEQ concentration in food was higher than that of PCDDs. In other countries, the portion of PCDFs was relatively lower. It is considered that the portion of PCDFs in blood has interrelation with that of PCDFs in food in both Korea and other countries.
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Carvalho-Freitas, Maria Nivalda de, Isadora D'Ávila Toledo, Maristela Ferro Nepomuceno, Janayna de Cássia Coelho Suzano, and Luciana Alves Drumond Almeida. "Socialização organizacional de pessoas com deficiência." Revista de Administração de Empresas 50, no. 3 (2010): 264–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0034-75902010000300003.
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O objetivo da pesquisa foi identificar as principais características do processo de socialização das pessoas com deficiência (PCDs) nas organizações. Consideraram-se três dimensões do processo de socialização: biográfica, relacional e organizacional. Identificou-se ações de busca de domínio do trabalho, ações de integração ao grupo de trabalho e ações de conhecimento dos valores da organização realizadas pelas próprias PCDs. As organizações não tinham táticas de socialização sistematizadas. Ficou evidenciada a associação positiva entre táticas de socialização individualizadas e percepção de ações de adequação das práticas e condições de trabalho.
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Santos, José Vitor Palhares dos, Thiago Lima Bahia Santos, Ana Augusta Almeida de Souza, and Ricardo Braga Veroneze. "POLÍTICAS DE INCLUSÃO DE PESSOAS COM DEFICIÊNCIA NO MERCADO DE TRABALHO: uma análise sobre o caso de Lavras (MG)." Revista Foco 8, no. 2 (2016): 04. http://dx.doi.org/10.28950/1981-223x_revistafocoadm/2015.v8i2.173.
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O artigo objetivou verificar as dificuldades e opiniões das pessoas com deficiência (PcDs) que estão inseridos no mercado de trabalho sobre as políticas de inclusão públicas e empresariais. Para tanto, foram realizadas entrevistas e grupos focais com pessoas com deficiência da cidade de Lavras (MG), formalmente inseridas no mercado de trabalho. Os resultados demonstraram que as dificuldades enfrentadas pelas PcDs vão muito além da implantação de políticas afirmativas. Percebeu-se que uma inclusão efetiva desses indivíduos necessita de ações conjuntas entre governo, empresas e sociedade, com vistas à erradicação do preconceito.
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Chessa, Stefano, and Vittorio Giovannetti. "Partially Coherent Direct Sum Channels." Quantum 5 (July 15, 2021): 504. http://dx.doi.org/10.22331/q-2021-07-15-504.
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We introduce Partially Coherent Direct Sum (PCDS) quantum channels, as a generalization of the already known Direct Sum quantum channels. We derive necessary and sufficient conditions to identify the subset of those maps which are degradable, and provide a simplified expression for their quantum capacities. Interestingly, the special structure of PCDS allows us to extend the computation of the quantum capacity formula also for quantum channels which are explicitly not degradable (nor antidegradable). We show instances of applications of the results to dephasing channels, amplitude damping channels and combinations of the two.
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MOREIRA, LILIAN BARROS, MÔNICA CARVALHO ALVES CAPPELLE, and MARIA NIVALDA DE CARVALHO-FREITAS. "A DINÂMICA IDENTITÁRIA DE PESSOAS COM DEFICIÊNCIA: UM ESTUDO NO BRASIL E NOS ESTADOS UNIDOS." RAM. Revista de Administração Mackenzie 16, no. 1 (2015): 40–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1678-69712015/administracao.v16n1p40-61.
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A diversidade é um tema bastante complexo e controverso. Engloba as chamadas "minorias" não em termos numéricos, mas em termos do exercício do poder. Compõem as minorias os negros, pessoas com deficiência, mulheres, indígenas e outros. Embora haja avanços nessa discussão, inclusive na legislação, ainda se observam lacunas quando se fala do trabalho para essas minorias. Para o presente trabalho, escolheram-se, entre as minorias, as pessoas com deficiência (PCDs), pois, segundo a Organização Internacional do Trabalho (2010), elas representam 10% da população mundial, ou seja, cerca de 650 milhões de pessoas, dentre as quais aproximadamente 72% estão em idade produtiva. Nesse sentido, o objetivo do presente artigo foi compreender a dinâmica identitária de PCDs inseridas em organizações de trabalho, localizadas no Brasil e nos Estados Unidos. Para isso, elaborou-se um arcabouço teórico com base na abordagem sociológica da identidade de Dubar (2005). Optou-se pela pesquisa qualitativa e exploratória, a partir de uma abordagem interpretativa. As técnicas de coleta de dados utilizadas foram: entrevista semiestruturada e pesquisa documental. Foram entrevistadas 12 PCDs no Brasil e oito nos Estados Unidos, entre homens e mulheres. As entrevistas foram gravadas, transcritas e analisadas por meio da análise de conteúdo. Constatou-se que, tanto no Brasil como nos Estados Unidos, o trabalho das PCDs entrevistadas configura-se como um importante instrumento para dar sentido a suas vidas, e suas respectivas deficiências se fazem presentes no processo de socialização organizacional. Além disso, uma das principais barreiras enfrentadas pelas PCDs entrevistadas, no que tange ao emprego, era a própria deficiência. Assim, percebeu-se um conflito entre quem o indivíduo é e quem ele acha que deve ser para poder trabalhar. Observou-se que a identidade do indivíduo é resultado de um movimento de construção e reconstrução entre as suas (muitas) identidades e que o indivíduo não consegue se identificar apenas por seus olhos, mas ele necessita se ver pelo olhar do outro.
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Arias Tuapanta, Tanlee Jasmin, and Nadihezka Amanda Cusme Torres. "CUIDADOS PALIATIVOS EN PACIENTES ONCOLÓGICOS PERTENECIENTES A SOLCA NÚCLEO DE TUNGURAHUA." Enfermería Investiga 6, no. 4 (2021): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.31243/ei.uta.v6i4.1202.2021.
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Introducción: Los cuidados paliativos de los pacientes con enfermedades terminales, permiten mejorar la calidad de vida, aliviar la carga de los síntomas, fortalecer la dimensión espiritual y mejorar la comprensión de la enfermedad. Objetivo: Establecer las actividades del personal de enfermería en el cuidado paliativo de los pacientes oncológicos y determinar la validez y fiabilidad de la Escala de Dificultades en los Cuidados Paliativos (PCDS). Métodos: Investigación observacional, descriptiva, de corte transversal, realizada en las instalaciones del Hospital Oncológico del Núcleo de Tungurahua, con una muestra censal de 28 enfermeras. Para la validación del test PCDS se aplicó un análisis factorial exploratorio con la prueba de Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin para comparar el valor de los coeficientes de correlación con la magnitud de los coeficientes de correlación parcial y la prueba Bartlett para evaluar la adecuación de la muestra y la esfericidad del test. Resultados: En las características demográficas se evidenció un predominio género femenino 85.72%, edad 30-39 años 39.28%, nivel educativo licenciadas 42.85%, los cuidados paliativos de los licenciados(as) fueron: tratamiento del dolor 12 (100%), apoyo psicológico y cuidados de la piel 9 (75%), el personal auxiliar realizó apoyo nutricional por vía enteral 16 (100%), higiene y medidas de confort 8 (50%). En la validación de la PCDS: la comunicación en el equipo multidisciplinario α = 0,850, la comunicación con el paciente y la familia α = 0,845, el apoyo de expertos α = 0,857, la reducción de los síntomas α = 0,858 y la coordinación de la comunicación α = 0,871. Conclusiones: las acciones de las enfermeras en los cuidados paliativos incluyen el apoyo terapéutico, psicológico y cuidados de la piel. La consistencia interna de PCDS fue α= 0,81 que indica una fiabilidad adecuada. Palabras Clave: pacientes oncológicos, cuidados paliativos, dificultades de los cuidados paliativos, prácticas de enfermería ABSTRACT Introduction: Palliative care for terminally ill patients allows to improve the quality of life, alleviate the burden of symptoms, strengthen the spiritual dimension and improve understanding of the disease. Objective: To establish the activities of the nursing staff in the palliative care of cancer patients and to determine the validity and reliability of the Palliative Care Difficulties Scale (PCDS). Methods: Observational, descriptive, cross-sectional research carried out in the facilities of the Hospital Oncológico del Núcleo de Tungurahua, with a census sample of 28 nurses. For the validation of the PCDS test, an exploratory factor analysis was applied with the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin test to compare the value of the correlation coefficients with the magnitude of the partial correlation coefficients and the Bartlett test to evaluate the adequacy of the sample. and the sphericity of the test. Results: The demographic characteristics showed a predominance of female gender 85.72%, age 30-39 years 39.28%, educational level graduates 42.85%, palliative care for graduates was: pain treatment 12 (100%), support psychological and skin care 9 (75%), the auxiliary personnel provided nutritional support by enteral route 16 (100%), hygiene and comfort measures 8 (50%). In the validation of the PCDS: communication in the multidisciplinary team α = 0.850, communication with the patient and family α = 0.845, expert support α = 0.857, reduction of symptoms α = 0.858 and coordination of the communication α = 0.871. Conclusions: the actions of nurses in palliative care include therapeutic, psychological and skin care support. The internal consistency of PCDS was α = 0.81 indicating adequate reliability. Keywords: cancer patients, palliative care, difficulties in palliative care, nursing practices
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Baek, Seung-Hong, In-Seok Lee, Minkyu Choi, et al. "Concentrations and Distribution Patterns of PCDDs, PCDFs, DL-PCBs, PBDEs in Sediments from Ulsan Bay." Sea 18, no. 4 (2013): 186–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.7850/jkso.2013.18.4.186.
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Kunisue, Tatsuya, and Shinsuke Tanabe. "Contamination Status and Toxicological Implications of Persistent Toxic Substances in Avian Species." Journal of Disaster Research 3, no. 3 (2008): 196–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2008.p0196.
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The present study reviewed the contamination status and accumulation features of persistent toxic substances (PTSs), such as polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), dibenzofurans (PCDFs), biphenyls (PCBs), and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), in avian species from Japan and open sea areas. PTSs were detected not only in Japanese coastal and inland birds but also in open sea birds, suggesting global-scale pollution by these contaminants. Higher concentrations of PBDEs were observed in Japanese raptor and omnivore species, while PCB levels in piscivorous birds were notably higher than in other species. Interestingly, relatively high concentrations of dioxins and related compounds (DRCs) such as PCDDs, PCDFs, and dioxin-like PCBs (DL-PCBs) were found in open sea birds, such as albatross species. Toxic equivalents (TEQs) of PCDDs, PCDFs, and DL-PCBs, which were calculated using toxic equivalency factors (TEFs) for birds proposed by the World Health Organization (WHO), were greater in albatross eggs than some avian toxicity thresholds, implying possible biochemical alterations by DRCs in albatross embryos. These results indicate that many avian species inhabiting Japan and the open ocean have been exposed to region-specific PTSs that may have put them at risk.
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Simion, Alina, Mitsunori Kakeda, Naoyoshi Egashira, Yoshiharu Mitoma, and Cristian Simion. "A direct method for the decontamination of a fly ash amended wet soil, artificially polluted with dioxins." Open Chemistry 10, no. 5 (2012): 1547–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11532-012-0066-6.
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AbstractWe report hereby the first method of direct treatment of a wet soil containing toxic polychloroderivatives. Using a system with metallic Ca and 5% Rh fixed on charcoal in methanol, soil samples artificially polluted with fly ash containing polychloro-dibenzodioxins (PCDDs), polychloro-dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and coplanar polychlorinated biphenyls (co-PCBs), and having 69.2% to 84.6% moisture content, were successfully treated and decontaminated. This treatment afforded excellent hydrodechlorination yields for the 29 most toxic congeners of PCDDs, PCDFs and PCBs (98.3% degradation yield based on toxic equivalent quotient — or TEQ) after a 24 h treatment, at room temperature.
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Włodarczyk-Makuła, Maria. "Influence of Selected Organic Micropollutants on Organisms." Civil And Environmental Engineering Reports 24, no. 1 (2017): 83–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ceer-2017-0006.
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Abstract This article describes the toxicity of organic micropollutants on tested microorganisms. Itis a current issue because organic micropollutants are identified in all elements of environmental (surface water, ground water, soils) and in food products. The organic micropollutants include: polychlorinated dibenzodioxyns PCDD, polychlorinated dibenzofurans PCDF, polychlorinated biphenyls PCB, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons PAH, halogenated compounds and by-products of water treatment. Some organic compounds cause hazard for health and human life due to their estrogenic biological activity, carcinogenic, mutagenic or teratogenic activity. The influence on organisms indicators of these compounds based on literature data were presented. The level of TEQ (toxic equivalency) in response to organic chlorine derivatives (PCDDs, PCDF, PCBs) is usually determined by toxic equivalency factor (TEF). The International Agency for Research on Cancer classifies organic micropollutants as carcinogenic to humans (Group 1), possibly carcinogenic (Group 2A) or probably carcinogenic to humans (Group 2B).
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Firestone, David. "Determination of Dioxins and Furans in Foods and Biological Tissues: Review and Update." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 74, no. 2 (1991): 375–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/74.2.375.
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Abstract Determination of trace residues of polychlorlnated dlbenzo- p-dloxlns and dibenzofurans (PCDDs and PCDFs) In various matrixes Is carried out by a limited number of laboratories In the United States, Canada, and other countries. Current methods for analysis of foods and biological tissues Include a combination of preparation, extraction, cleanup, isolation, determination, and Identity confirmation procedures. Soxhlet, liquid/liquid, solid-phase, and column extraction procedures are used as well as treatment with acid or base before solvent extraction. Cleanup and isolation steps Include sulfuric acid partitioning; adsorption chromatography on Florlsil, silica gel, or alumina; gel permeation chromatography; multistage column chromatography on sulfuric acid silica and alkali silica; carbon column chromatography; and liquid chromatography fractionation with size exclusion, normalphase, and reverse-phase columns. Activated carbon and multistage chromatographic columns are widely used in cleanup schemes. Isomer-speclflc Identification and quantitation of PCDD and PCDF congeners at parts-per-trllllon levels or lower are carried out by high resolution (capillary) gas chromatography (HRGC) and multiple Ion detection mass spectrometry. In addition to chemical methods, bloassay procedures have been recommended (e.g., use of monoclonal antibodies, for immunoassay determination of PCDDs and PCDFs).
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Crespo, Jorge, Martin Reich, Fernando Barra, Juan Verdugo, and Claudio Martínez. "Critical Metal Particles in Copper Sulfides from the Supergiant Río Blanco Porphyry Cu–Mo Deposit, Chile." Minerals 8, no. 11 (2018): 519. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min8110519.
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Porphyry copper–molybdenum deposits (PCDs) are the world’s most important source of copper, molybdenum and rhenium. Previous studies have reported that some PCDs can have sub-economic to economic grades of critical metals, i.e., those elements that are both essential for modern societies and subject to the risk of supply restriction (e.g., platinum group elements (PGE), rare earth elements (REE), In, Co, Te, Ge, Ga, among others). Even though some studies have reported measured concentrations of Pd and Pt in PCDs, their occurrence and mineralogical forms remain poorly constrained. Furthermore, these reconnaissance studies have focused predominantly on porphyry Cu–Au deposits, but very limited information is available for porphyry Cu–Mo systems. In this contribution, we report the occurrence of critical metal (Pd, Pt, Au, Ag, and Te) inclusions in copper sulfides from one of the largest PCDs in the world, the supergiant Río Blanco-Los Bronces deposit in central Chile. Field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) observations of chalcopyrite and bornite from the potassic alteration zone reveal the presence of micro- to nano-sized particles (<1–10 μm) containing noble metals, most notably Pd, Au, and Ag. The mineralogical data show that these inclusions are mostly tellurides, such as merenskyite ((Pd, Pt) (Bi, Te)2), Pd-rich hessite (Ag2Te), sylvanite ((Ag,Au)Te2) and petzite (Ag3AuTe2). The data point to Pd (and probably Pt) partitioning in copper sulfides during the high-temperature potassic alteration stage, opening new avenues of research aimed at investigating not only the mobility of PGE during mineralization and partitioning into sulfides, but also at exploring the occurrence of critical metals in porphyry Cu–Mo deposits.
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Rodrigues, Luciana, and Bernardo Lazary Cheibub. "Acessível ou não? Eis a questão!" Revista Turismo em Análise 31, no. 2 (2020): 358–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/issn.1984-4867.v31i2p358-380.
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Paraty é um município de patrimônios naturais, históricos e culturais, que lhe renderam o título de Patrimônio Mundial como Sítio Misto, mas que não possibilita que todas as pessoas possam visitá-lo de forma autônoma e segura. A investigação que originou este artigo teve como objetivos reconhecer as barreiras que prejudicam a mobilidade de pessoas com deficiência (PCDs) no Centro Histórico (CH) de Paraty e arredores, bem como analisar se há um paradoxo entre tombamento de patrimônio e acessibilidade. A partir de uma pesquisa qualitativa exploratória de base etnográfica, foram realizadas observações diretas em campo, o acompanhamento da experiência turística in loco de uma pessoa com deficiência física e entrevistas, com roteiro semiestruturado, com agentes sociais do Instituto do Patrimônio Histórico e Artístico Nacional (IPHAN) e da Gestão Pública Municipal. Além disso, foram examinados documentos e legislações acerca da acessibilidade daquela cidade. Conclui-se que, devido às diversas barreiras estruturais e a ausência de ações do poder público, Paraty, uma cidade extremamente turística, não proporciona acessibilidade plena às PCDs. Pretende-se com este trabalho contribuir para a discussão sobre a inclusão das PCDs na sociedade, mostrando a importância da acessibilidade no desfrute de experiências turísticas nos destinos desejados.
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Weeramanthri, Tarun, Shirley Hendy, Christine Connors, et al. "The Northern Territory Preventable Chronic Disease Strategy - promoting an integrated and life course approach to chronic disease in Australia." Australian Health Review 26, no. 3 (2003): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah030031.
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The need for an integrated and life course approach to the prevention and control of chronic diseases is increasinglybeing recognised. This paper describes the development of the Northern Territory Preventable Chronic Disease Strategy(PCDS), the strategic framework and evidence base, the design of implementation and monitoring phases, and earlyoutcomes. The PCDS is premised on the belief that the major chronic diseases, and their common underlying riskfactors, are potentially preventable. The structural challenges to larger jurisdictions taking such an integrated approachare undoubtedly larger, but the benefits are potentially great. Continuing with a series of vertical programs aimed at each single noncommunicable disease will not deliver the desired national health outcomes.
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Majumdar, Sristi, Upama Baruah, Gitanjali Majumdar, Debajit Thakur, and Devasish Chowdhury. "Paper carbon dot based fluorescence sensor for distinction of organic and inorganic sulphur in analytes." RSC Advances 6, no. 62 (2016): 57327–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra07476f.
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da Silva Coelho, Flavio Augusto, Stephanie Gill, Crystal M. Tomlin, Timothy H. Heaton, and Charlotte Lindqvist. "An early dog from southeast Alaska supports a coastal route for the first dog migration into the Americas." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 288, no. 1945 (2021): 20203103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2020.3103.
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The oldest confirmed remains of domestic dogs in North America are from mid-continent archaeological sites dated approximately 9900 calibrated years before present (cal BP). Although this date suggests that dogs may not have arrived alongside the first Native Americans, the timing and routes for the entrance of New World dogs remain uncertain. Here, we present a complete mitochondrial genome of a dog from southeast Alaska, dated to 10 150 ± 260 cal BP. We compared this high-coverage genome with data from modern dog breeds, historical Arctic dogs and American precontact dogs (PCDs) from before European arrival. Our analyses demonstrate that the ancient dog belongs to the PCD lineage, which diverged from Siberian dogs around 16 700 years ago. This timing roughly coincides with the minimum suggested date for the opening of the North Pacific coastal (NPC) route along the Cordilleran Ice Sheet and genetic evidence for the initial peopling of the Americas. This ancient southeast Alaskan dog occupies an early branching position within the PCD clade, indicating it represents a close relative of the earliest PCDs that were brought alongside people migrating from eastern Beringia southward along the NPC to the rest of the Americas. The stable isotope δ 13 C value of this early dog indicates a marine diet, different from the younger mid-continent PCDs' terrestrial diet. Although PCDs were largely replaced by modern European dog breeds, our results indicate that their population decline started approximately 2000 years BP, coinciding with the expansion of Inuit peoples, who are associated with traditional sled-dog culture. Our findings suggest that dogs formed part of the initial human habitation of the New World, and provide insights into their replacement by both Arctic and European lineages.
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Schlenz, Maximiliane Amelie, Victoria Schubert, Alexander Schmidt, Bernd Wöstmann, Sabine Ruf, and Katharina Klaus. "Digital versus Conventional Impression Taking Focusing on Interdental Areas: A Clinical Trial." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 13 (2020): 4725. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17134725.
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Due to the high prevalence of periodontitis, dentists have to face a larger group of patients with periodontally compromised dentitions (PCDs) characterized by pathologic tooth migration and malocclusion. Impression taking in these patients is challenging due to several undercuts and extensive interdental areas (IAs). The aim of this clinical trial was to analyze the ability of analog and digital impression techniques to display the IAs in PCDs. The upper and the lower jaws of 30 patients (n = 60, age: 48–87 years) were investigated with one conventional impression (CVI) using polyvinyl siloxane and four digital impressions with intraoral scanners (IOSs), namely True Definition (TRU), Primescan (PRI), CS 3600 (CAR), and TRIOS 3 (TIO). The gypsum models of the CVIs were digitalized using a laboratory scanner. Subsequently, the percentage of the displayed IAs in relation to the absolute IAs was calculated for the five impression techniques in a three-dimensional measuring software. Significant differences were observed among the impression techniques (except between PRI and CAR, p-value < 0.05). TRU displayed the highest percentage of IAs, followed by PRI, CAR, TIO, and CVI. The results indicated that the IOSs are superior to CVI regarding the ability to display the IAs in PCDs.
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Lewis, Cale E., and Mini Das. "Spectral Signatures of X-ray Scatter Using Energy-Resolving Photon-Counting Detectors." Sensors 19, no. 22 (2019): 5022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19225022.
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Energy-resolving photon-counting detectors (PCDs) separate photons from a polychromatic X-ray source into a number of separate energy bins. This spectral information from PCDs would allow advancements in X-ray imaging, such as improving image contrast, quantitative imaging, and material identification and characterization. However, aspects like detector spectral distortions and scattered photons from the object can impede these advantages if left unaccounted for. Scattered X-ray photons act as noise in an image and reduce image contrast, thereby significantly hindering PCD utility. In this paper, we explore and outline several important characteristics of spectral X-ray scatter with examples of soft-material imaging (such as cancer imaging in mammography or explosives detection in airport security). Our results showed critical spectral signatures of scattered photons that depend on a few adjustable experimental factors. Additionally, energy bins over a large portion of the spectrum exhibit lower scatter-to-primary ratio in comparison to what would be expected when using a conventional energy-integrating detector. These important findings allow flexible choice of scatter-correction methods and energy-bin utilization when using PCDs. Our findings also propel the development of efficient spectral X-ray scatter correction methods for a wide range of PCD-based applications.
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Yap, WeiLuen. "How orthodontists see the role of PCDs." British Dental Journal 194, no. 12 (2003): 673. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.bdj.4810280.
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Lloyd, Jane E., Marilyn J. Wise, and Tarun Weeramanthri. "Changing shape: workforce and the implementation of Aboriginal health policy." Australian Health Review 32, no. 1 (2008): 174. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah080174.
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Thirty-five interviews were conducted in a case study on the implementation of the Northern Territory Preventable Chronic Disease Strategy (PCDS) to explore the role of the health workforce in the implementation of Aboriginal health policy. There was a tendency for the workforce to implement those aspects of the policy that drew on existing skills in treatment and management and to avoid or delay implementation that required the acquisition of new skills in primary prevention. Factors that facilitated the implementation of the PCDS included the addition of new resources, employment of additional staff, training, increased commitment from managers, and the creation of dedicated chronic disease positions. Factors impeding implementation included insufficient numbers of service providers, too little support for current Aboriginal Health Workers, and high staff turnover.