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Journal articles on the topic 'PCoC'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 11 January 2025

Last updated: 19 July 2025

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Cho, Kyung-Hyun, Ashutosh Bahuguna, Ji-Eun Kim, and Sang Hyuk Lee. "Efficacy Assessment of Five Policosanol Brands and Damage to Vital Organs in Hyperlipidemic Zebrafish by Six-Week Supplementation: Highlighting the Toxicity of Red Yeast Rice and Safety of Cuban Policosanol (Raydel®)." Pharmaceuticals 17, no. 6 (2024): 714. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph17060714.

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Policosanol is a mixture of long-chain aliphatic alcohols (LCAAs) derived from various plant and insect origins that are marketed by various companies with distinct formulations and brand names. Policosanols offer several beneficial effects to treat dyslipidemia and hypertension; however, a comprehensive functionality comparison of various policosanol brands has yet to be thoroughly explored. In the present study five distinct policosanol brands from different origins and countries, Raydel-policosanol, Australia (PCO1), Solgar-policosanol, USA (PCO2), NutrioneLife-monacosanol, South Korea (PCO3), Mothernest-policosanol, Australia (PCO4), and Peter & John-policosanol, New Zealand (PCO5) were compared via dietary supplementation (1% in diet, final wt/wt) to zebrafish for six weeks to investigate their impact on survivability, blood lipid profile, and functionality of vital organs under the influence of a high-cholesterol diet (HCD, final 4%, wt/wt). The results revealed that policosanol brands (PCO1–PCO5) had a substantial preventive effect against HCD-induced zebrafish body weight elevation and hyperlipidemia by alleviating total cholesterol (TC) and triglycerides (TG) in blood. Other than PCO3, all the brands significantly reduced the HCD’s elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). On the contrary, only PCO1 displayed a significant elevation in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) level against the consumption of HCD. The divergent effect of PCO1–PCO5 against HCD-induced hepatic damage biomarkers, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT), was observed. PCO1, PCO2, and PCO4 efficiently curtailed the AST and ALT levels; however, PCO3 and PCO5 potentially aggravated the HCD’s elevated plasma AST and ALT levels. Consistently, the hepatic histology outcome revealed the least effectiveness of PCO3 and PCO5 against HCD-induced liver damage. On the contrary, PCO1 exhibited a substantial hepatoprotective role by curtailing HCD-induced fatty liver changes, cellular senescent, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) production. Likewise, the histological outcome from the kidney, testis, and ovary revealed the significant curative effect of PCO1 against the HCD-induced adverse effects. PCO2–PCO5 showed diverse and unequal results, with the least effective being PCO3, followed by PCO5 towards HCD-induced kidney, testis, and ovary damage. The multivariate interpretation based on principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) validated the superiority of PCO1 over other policosanol brands against the clinical manifestation associated with HCD. Conclusively, different brands displayed distinct impacts against HCD-induced adverse effects, signifying the importance of policosanol formulation and the presence of aliphatic alcohols on the functionality of policosanol products.

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Shreya, Bhattacharya, Roy Santanu, and Roy Rini. "Utilisation of cupric engulfment by Escherichia coli for PcoC (a superoxide dismutase) induction." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 87, Aug 2010 (2010): 975–79. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5801134.

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Department of Microbiology, Lady Brabourne College, P-1/2, Suhrawardy Avenue, Kolkata-700 017, India E-mail : shreya84@gmail.com, for_rini_roy@yahoo.co.in post Graduate Department of Microbiology, Acharya Prafulla Chandra College, New Barrackpur, Kolkata-700 131, India E-mail: forsroy@yahoo.co.in Manuscript received 25 June 2008, revised 4 January 2010, accepted 25 February 2010 Cu has been used as an inducer or PcoC (SOD) in E. coli to screen the time for achieving maximum activity. This SOD can be isolated from bacterial system and purified to serve as a source for use in medicines for humans since SOD proteins or humans and E. coli share significant sequence similarity. Copper engulfment capacity of E. coli bas been utilised to induce PcoC (SOD) which bas been measured by estimating the activity of the two proteins, PcoA and PcoC (Pco stands for plasmid borne copper resistance operon) with variation In concentration of CuII in the medium and duration of incubation. CuII engulfment capacity of E. coli through liposome is greater in case of PcoC than PcoA.

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Gao, Peng Fei, Xiao Kui Liu, Chao Yin Nie, Xiao Fang Jia, and Ling Li Zhao. "Study on Polarization of the Cold-Rolled Steel Strip in the Process of Electrolytic Cleaning." Applied Mechanics and Materials 44-47 (December 2010): 2954–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.44-47.2954.

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The electrochemical behaviors of the cold-rolled steel strip were investigated at the range of ordinary current density (10A/dm2-30A/dm2). The power consumption, which is caused by overpotential of the cold-rolled steel strip per unit area (PCOC), was used to evaluate the energy consumption which is caused by polarization effectively. The effects of electrolysis time, current density, temperature and the concentration of electrolyte on the PCOC were examined. The PCOC increased with time, but the growth rate of the PCOC decreased with time. After about 8 seconds, the increasing rate of the PCOC closed to zero. The value of the PCOC was in direct proportion to current density, and there was a significant increase when the current density is beyond 25A/dm2. Both raising temperature and increasing the concentration of electrolyte are effective ways of decreasing the PCOC.

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Lee, Hyun Ju, Janice M. Bahr, Pincas Bitterman, et al. "Polycystic Ovarian Condition May Be a Risk Factor for Ovarian Tumor Development in the Laying Hen Model of Spontaneous Ovarian Cancer." Journal of Immunology Research 2018 (November 25, 2018): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/2590910.

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Chronic inflammation and long-standing oxidative stress are potential predisposing factors for developing malignancies, including ovarian cancer (OVCA). Information on the association of ovarian chronic abnormal conditions, including polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), with the development of OVCA is unknown. The goal of this study was to examine if polycystic ovarian conditions are associated with OVCA development. In the exploratory study, 3–4-year-old laying hens were randomly selected and examined for the presence of polycystic ovaries with cancer (PCOC). In the prospective study, hens were monitored by ultrasound scanning to detect the incidence of a polycystic ovaries and subsequent development of OVCA. Tissues from normal ovaries and PCOC were examined for macrophage infiltration, expression of interleukin-16, and superoxide dismutase 2. The exploratory study detected spontaneous PCOC at early and late stages in hens. PCOC in hens were accompanied with influx of macrophages (17.33 ± 2.26 in PCOC at the early stage and 24.24 ± 2.5 in PCOC at the late stage in 20 mm2 areas of tissue as compared with 6.77 ± 1.58 in normal hens). Expression of interleukin-16 was more than 2.5-fold higher and superoxide dismutase 2 was approximately 3-fold higher in PCOC hens than normal hens. The prospective study showed the development of OVCA in some hens with polycystic ovarian condition (PCO). PCOC development in hens was associated with chronic inflammation in the ovary. Laying hens may represent a potential model for the study of spontaneous PCOS and its long-term risk of PCOC development.

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Susarla, Sridhar, G. V. Bhaskar, and S. M. Rao Bhamidimarri. "Competitive Adsorption and Desorption of 2,4-D and PCOC in a Volcanic Soil." Adsorption Science & Technology 8, no. 4 (1991): 184–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026361749100800402.

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The competitive adsorption and desorption of 2,4-D and PCOC, two of the commonly used phenoxy herbicide chemicals, in a volcanic soil has been examined. A Freundlich-type isotherm incorporating competition between the solutes was used to analyze the adsorption and desorption data. The competition coefficients for 2,4-D and PCOC were linearly dependent on the initial concentration for adsorption and on the amount adsorbed for desorption. The adsorption capacities of 2,4-D and PCOC in a bicomponent system were reduced by 10% and 8%, respectively, in comparison to their single-component values. The desorption studies showed that both 2,4-D and PCOC were difficult to desorb in a bicomponent system.

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Mungkarndee, P., S. M. Rao Bhamidimarri, A. J. Mawson, and R. Chong. "The role of a metabolic intermediate in the biodegradation of inhibitory substrates." Water Science and Technology 36, no. 10 (1997): 27–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1997.0352.

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Biodegradation of the mixed inhibitory substrates, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and para-chloro-ortho-cresol (PCOC) was studied in aerobic batch cultures. Each substrate added beyond certain concentrations inhibited the degradation of the other. This mutual inhibition was found to be enhanced by 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) which is an intermediate metabolic product of 2,4-D. When 2,4-DCP accumulated to approximatelY 40 mg/l degradation of all compounds in the mixed 2,4-D and PCOC substrate system was completely inhibited. The degradation of 2,4-D and PCOC individually was also found to be inhibited by elevated concentrations of 2,4-DCP added externally, while PCOC inhibited the utilization of the intermediate.

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Daveson, Barbara A., Samuel Frederic Allingham, Sabina Clapham, et al. "The PCOC Symptom Assessment Scale (SAS): A valid measure for daily use at point of care and in palliative care programs." PLOS ONE 16, no. 3 (2021): e0247250. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0247250.

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Background Very few measures are used successfully as part of routine care within national palliative care outcome programs. Only a handful of studies examine these measures. The aim of this study is to evaluate the validity of a measure used in a national outcomes program: the Palliative Care Outcomes Collaboration Symptom Assessment Scale (PCOC SAS). Methods A retrospective multi-site cohort study with secondary analysis of routinely collected patient-level data to assess PCOC SAS’s internal consistency, construct validity, reliability, interpretability, acceptability and sensitivity. The analyses used two sets, with data collected by inpatient and community palliative care services registered with the Australian national PCOC. Results Dataset one included 1,117 patients receiving palliative care from 21 services. Dataset two included 5,294 patients receiving palliative care from 119 PCOC services. PCOC SAS demonstrated the ability to detect and discriminate distress by palliative care phase, functional status and diagnosis. Excellent and good convergent and discriminant validity were demonstrated. Fair through to substantial inter-rater and intra-rater reliability levels were evidenced. Sufficient interpretability resulted along with necessary levels of acceptability and sensitivity. Conclusion PCOC SAS is a valid and reliable patient-reported outcome measure suitable for use in routine clinical care with patients requiring palliative and or end-of-life care, including in national outcomes programs.

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Eagar, Kathy, Prue Watters, David C. Currow, Samar M. Aoun, and Patsy Yates. "The Australian Palliative Care Outcomes Collaboration (PCOC) - measuring the quality and outcomes of palliative care on a routine basis." Australian Health Review 34, no. 2 (2010): 186. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah08718.

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Australia is leading the way in establishing a national system (the Palliative Care Outcomes Collaboration – PCOC) to measure the outcomes and quality of specialist palliative care services and to benchmark services across the country. This article reports on analysis of data collected routinely at point-of-care on 5939 patients treated by the first fifty one services that voluntarily joined PCOC. By March 2009, 111 services have agreed to join PCOC, representing more than 70% of services and more than 80% of specialist palliative care patients nationally. All states and territories are involved in this unique process that has involved extensive consultation and infrastructure and close collaboration between health services and researchers. The challenges of dealing with wide variation in outcomes and practice and the progress achieved to date are described. PCOC is aiming to improve understanding of the reasons for variations in clinical outcomes between specialist palliative care patients and differences in service outcomes as a critical step in an ongoing process to improve both service quality and patient outcomes. What is known about the topic?Governments internationally are grappling with how best to provide care for people with life limiting illnesses and how best to measure the outcomes and quality of that care. There is little international evidence on how to measure the quality and outcomes of palliative care on a routine basis. What does this paper add?The Palliative Care Outcomes Collaboration (PCOC) is the first effort internationally to measure the outcomes and quality of specialist palliative care services and to benchmark services on a national basis through an independent third party. What are the implications for practitioners?If outcomes and quality are to be measured on a consistent national basis, standard clinical assessment tools that are used as part of everyday clinical practice are necessary.

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Currow, David Christopher, Hiromichi Matsuoka, Samuel Allingham, et al. "Comparability of the Cancer Supportive Care Clinical Studies Collaborative (CSCCSC) study population to national referrals to other specialist palliative care services." Journal of Clinical Oncology 36, no. 34_suppl (2018): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2018.36.34_suppl.63.

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63 Background: There are no agreed national nor international criteria for referral to palliative care. Key population characteristics have been defined to aid the generalizability of research findings in palliative care clinical studies. To codify differences in key demographic factors between patients with cancer participating in the Australian national Cancer Supportive Care Clinical Studies Collaborative (CSCCSC) phase III symptom control studies and the population referred to other Australian palliative care services. Methods: This study compares two contemporaneous consecutive cohorts generated through clinical trial participation and the national palliative care clinical quality improvement registry in Australia. Age, sex, cancer diagnosis, language, and socio-economic status were compared. Results: Cohorts were people with cancer: enrolled in CSCCSC phase III clinical studies (n=902; 17 sites); and registered by the Australian national Palliative Care Outcomes Collaboration (PCOC; n=75,240; 117 sites). Participants in CSCCSC studies were younger than those of PCOC (median 71 (IQR 62, 79) versus median 73 (IQR 63, 81); p=0.003 respectively). There was no significant difference in sex (p=0.483). Patients who spoke English accounted 95.0% of enrollees in the CSCCSC group and 92.2% in the PCOC group (p = 0.004). Clinical study participants had higher socioeconomic status that the PCOC group (p=0.022). Conclusions: Overall, the slightly different demographic patterns are reflective of the differences often seen between phase III trials and the populations to whom the results will be applied. Age differences particularly need to be taken into account when considering the best way to apply each study’s findings.

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Santana-Arenas, Karla Lizeth, Israel Guardado-Luevanos, Miguel Padilla-Rosas, and Mario Nava-Villalba. "Extraosseous Calcifying Odontogenic Cyst Initially Interpreted as a Parulis." Case Reports in Dentistry 2024 (January 12, 2024): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2024/8966953.

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Extraosseous variants of odontogenic cysts are an infrequent clinical finding, although they have a relatively indolent biological behavior compared to their intraosseous counterparts; due to their nature and clinical appearance, these lesions can be confused with multiple entities that affect soft tissues, so their diagnosis can only be achieved through surgical removal and subsequent histopathological analysis. The extraosseous/peripheral variant of calcifying odontogenic cyst (E/PCOC) has a heterogeneous clinical presentation mainly in terms of size and involvement or not of adjacent anatomical structures such as bone and teeth; in addition, there are few cases reported to date; thus, there are still clinical features to be elucidated. This report presents a child affected by E/PCOC in an unusual location, as well as its therapeutic management, which at first time was suspected of endodontic nature, due to a history of dental trauma.

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Djoko, Karrera Y., Zhiguang Xiao, and Anthony G. Wedd. "Copper Resistance inE. coli: The Multicopper Oxidase PcoA Catalyzes Oxidation of Copper(I) in CuICuII‐PcoC." ChemBioChem 9, no. 10 (2008): 1579–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbic.200800100.

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Bian, Xiaohua, Yifan Cao, Ximin Zhi, and Ni Ma. "Genome-Wide Identification and Analysis of the Plant Cysteine Oxidase (PCO) Gene Family in Brassica napus and Its Role in Abiotic Stress Response." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 14 (2023): 11242. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241411242.

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Plant Cysteine Oxidase (PCO) is a plant O2-sensing enzyme catalyzing the oxidation of cysteine to Cys-sulfinic acid at the N-termini of target proteins. To better understand the Brassica napus PCO gene family, PCO genes in B. napus and related species were analyzed. In this study, 20, 7 and 8 PCO genes were identified in Brassica napus, Brassica rapa and Brassica oleracea, respectively. According to phylogenetic analysis, the PCOs were divided into five groups: PCO1, PCO2, PCO3, PCO4 and PCO5. Gene organization and motif distribution analysis suggested that the PCO gene family was relatively conserved during evolution. According to the public expression data, PCO genes were expressed in different tissues at different developmental stages. Moreover, qRT-PCR data showed that most of the Bna/Bra/BoPCO5 members were expressed in leaves, roots, flowers and siliques, suggesting an important role in both vegetative and reproductive development. Expression of BnaPCO was induced by various abiotic stress, especially waterlogging stress, which was consistent with the result of cis-element analysis. In this study, the PCO gene family of Brassicaceae was analyzed for the first time, which contributes to a comprehensive understanding of the origin and evolution of PCO genes in Brassicaceae and the function of BnaPCO in abiotic stress responses.

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Rey, Carine, Laurent Guéguen, Marie Sémon, and Bastien Boussau. "Accurate Detection of Convergent Amino-Acid Evolution with PCOC." Molecular Biology and Evolution 35, no. 9 (2018): 2296–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msy114.

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Song, Zhen, Wen Yuan, Ze Bai, Mingong Wang, and Ruijie Huang. "Conformational study of intermediate in the unfolding of PcoC." Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy 244 (January 2021): 118805. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.saa.2020.118805.

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Ramos, Márcio Silveira, Afonso Henriques, and Elisângela Silva Farias. "Análise de práticas efetivas de alunos em geometria espacial mediada por descrições prévias de técnicas de representação de sólidos geométricos em ambiente papel/lápis." Educação Matemática Pesquisa : Revista do Programa de Estudos Pós-Graduados em Educação Matemática 24, no. 1 (2022): 523–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.23925/1983-3156.2022v24i1p523-555.

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Neste artigo, temos como objetivo analisar as práticas efetivas de alunos do 2o ano do Ensino Médio quando realizam tarefas sobre a representação de sólidos geométricos no ambiente papel/lápis, a partir da manipulação de modelos de Projetos de Construção de Objetos Concretos (PCOC) “que se leem peceocê”, obtidos por prototipagem rápida na impressora 3D. Para tanto, nos apropriamos da Análise Institucional e Sequência Didática como metodologia de pesquisa. Mergulhamos os estudos no quadro teórico constituído pela Teoria Antropológica do Didático, com ênfase na sua abordagem praxeológica, para fornecer-nos elementos de análise das técnicas e discursos tecnológico-teóricos, em Geometria Espacial, mobilizados pelos alunos nas suas práticas efetivas. Os resultados obtidos revelam que os alunos conseguem representar os sólidos considerados no ambiente papel/lápis, mas não indicam e nem descrevem as técnicas que utilizam nas referidas representações durante a realização das suas práticas efetivas. Este é, portanto, um problema da instituição de referência, em particular o 2o ano do Ensino Médio, que não fornece uma formação aos alunos envolvendo as referidas indicações e descrições, conforme procedemos no desenvolvimento da nossa análise a priori em torno dos PCOC que trabalhamos com estes alunos.

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Ahlawat, Kiran, Ramavtar Jangra, Shivam Chaturvedi, et al. "Photocatalytic oxidation conveyor “PCOC” system for large scale surface disinfection." Review of Scientific Instruments 93, no. 7 (2022): 074101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0082222.

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In this paper, we present a surface decontamination system that substitutes traditional chemicals and scrubbing agents, which will be useful for the general public during a pandemic. The technique is based on a hybrid process in which UV-C light and its photons interact with metal oxide nano-catalysts to generate hydroxyl radicals, which can enhance the deactivation process, and the system can work even in the shadow regions via a dry process. The optimum number of UV light sources in combination with TiO2 nanoparticles catalysts on aluminum plates have been used synergistically in the system. The UV dose in the disinfection chamber has been optimized, which is between 60 and 500 mJ/cm2 throughout the disinfection chamber. The concentration of hydroxyl radicals is reported more than 25 000 ions/cm3 within the disinfection chamber. These ions are circulated throughout the disinfection volume. The disinfection efficiency has been tested on bacteria and spores, and the obtained results are correlated. Around 8 log reductions in the counts of the test bacteria of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae have been achieved in just 2 min of exposure in the continuous operation of the system. Tests have also been performed on Geobacillus stearothermophilus spores, and the method described here is the result of multiple tests, a review of the scientific literature, and the incorporation of current laboratory practice. The deactivation tested in the system is larger than that of known bacteria and viruses in terms of UV-doses, signifying its utility during the pandemic.

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Hsiao, Wen-Hsuan, Chun-Li Wang, Lung-Chun Lee, Szu-Pei Chien, Chin-Chu Hsu, and Wei-Min Chu. "Exploring Risk Factors of Unexpected Death, Using Palliative Care Outcomes Collaboration (PCOC) Measures, among Terminal Patients Receiving Palliative Care in Taiwan." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 20 (2022): 13294. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192013294.

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Palliative care has the ability to relieve both physical discomfort and psychological distress in terminally ill patients. However, unexpected death may still occur in palliative care settings. This study aimed to utilize Palliative Care Outcomes Collaboration (PCOC) data to better determine any associated factors which may surround unexpected death in palliative care settings. Data were extracted from the PCOC database by the palliative care team within Taichung Veterans General Hospital (TCVGH). Data of deceased patients were extracted during the period from January 2021 to December 2021 from multiple palliative care settings. The deaths of patients whose last recorded palliative phase was 1–3 were defined as unexpected. A total of 280 deceased patients were included, with mean age at death being 67.73, 61% being male, and 83.2% cancer patients. We discovered that shortness of breath, as assessed by the Symptom Assessment Scale (SAS), decreased risk of unexpected death (OR: 0.91, 95% CI: 0.84–0.98), while impending death discharge (OR: 3.93, 95% CI: 1.20–12.94) and a higher Australia-modified Karnofsky performance status (AKPS) score (OR: 1.15, 95% CI: 1.10–1.21) were associated with unexpected death. Thus, medical staff must inform the family of patients early on regarding any risk factors surrounding unexpected death to help everyone involved be prepared in advance.

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Huffman, David L., Jennifer Huyett, F. Wayne Outten, et al. "Spectroscopy of Cu(II)-PcoC and the Multicopper Oxidase Function of PcoA, Two Essential Components ofEscherichia coli pcoCopper Resistance Operon†." Biochemistry 41, no. 31 (2002): 10046–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bi0259960.

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Ran, Xin Quan, Yu Long Gao, Shi Long Chou, and Rui Zhang. "Oilfield Digital Management Innovation and Practice." Advanced Materials Research 271-273 (July 2011): 264–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.271-273.264.

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Digital management of PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company (PCOC) was a modern management mode for "three-low" oil and gas reservoir economic development. Based on the establishment of digital management "three terminals and five systems", supported by digital technology, we set up one unified platform for production operation management, production operation scheduling, and emergency response and rescue, which provided an efficient collaborative work environment for management decision-making and scientific research. Combined digital technology with management, we promoted a shift in terms of labor organization structure, production organization and production operation mode.

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Grigsby, Timothy J., Andrea Lopez, and Ying Guo. "Development and preliminary validation of the positive consequences of cannabis (PCOC) scale." Addictive Behaviors 152 (May 2024): 107977. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.107977.

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Currow, David C., Kathy Eagar, Samar Aoun, Dave Fildes, Patsy Yates, and Linda J. Kristjanson. "Is It Feasible and Desirable to Collect Voluntarily Quality and Outcome Data Nationally in Palliative Oncology Care?" Journal of Clinical Oncology 26, no. 23 (2008): 3853–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2008.16.5761.

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Hospice/palliative care is a critical component of cancer care. In Australia, more than 85% of people referred to specialized hospice/palliative care services (SHPCS) have a primary diagnosis of cancer, and 60% of people who die from cancer will be referred to SHPCS. The Palliative Care Outcomes Collaboration (PCOC) is an Australian initiative that allows SHPCS to collect nationally agreed-upon measures to better understand quality, safety, and outcomes of care. This article describes data (October 2006 through September 2007) from the first 22 SHPCS, with more than 100 inpatient admissions annually. Data include phase of illness, place of discharge, and, at each transition in place of care, the person's functional status, dependency, and symptom scores. Data are available for 5,395 people for 6,379 admissions. After categorizing by phase of illness and dependency, there remain at the end of each admission 12-fold differences (mean, 26%; range, 4% to 52%) in the percentage of patients who became stable after an unstable phase; seven-fold differences (mean, 22%; range, 6% to 41%) in the percentage of patients with improved symptom scores, five-fold differences (mean, 25%; range, 12% to 64%) in discharge back to the community, four-fold differences (mean, 10%; range, 4% to 16%) in improved function, and three-fold differences in the length of stay (mean, 14 days; range, 6 to 19 days). PCOC shows it is feasible to collect quality national palliative care outcome data voluntarily. Variations in outcomes justify continued enrollment of services. Benchmarking should include all patients whose cancer will cause death and explore observed variations.

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Peariso, Katrina, David L. Huffman, James E. Penner-Hahn, and Thomas V. O'Halloran. "The PcoC Copper Resistance Protein Coordinates Cu(I) via Novel S-Methionine Interactions." Journal of the American Chemical Society 125, no. 2 (2003): 342–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja028935y.

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Drew, Simon C., Karrera Y. Djoko, Lianyi Zhang, et al. "Electron paramagnetic resonance characterization of the copper-resistance protein PcoC from Escherichia coli." JBIC Journal of Biological Inorganic Chemistry 13, no. 6 (2008): 899–907. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00775-008-0377-4.

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Sorato, Daniela B., and Flávia L. Osório. "Coping, psychopathology, and quality of life in cancer patients under palliative care." Palliative and Supportive Care 13, no. 3 (2014): 517–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1478951514000339.

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AbstractObjective:To assess hopelessness, anxiety, depression, and quality of life in cancer patients undergoing palliative treatment by comparing their scores at the onset of treatment and one month later and by assessing possible correlations with coping strategies.Method:Participants included 85 patients of both genders (56.5% female) diagnosed with advanced cancer who did not have curative therapeutic options who were assessed with self-applied instruments (the Beck Hopelessness Scale, the European Organization for the Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Core Questionnaire–Cancer 30, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and the Coping Strategies Inventory by Folkman and Lazarus) at two timepoints: first before their appointment with doctors and other professionals in their first visit to the palliative care outpatient clinic (PCOC) and then as soon as patients arrived at the PCOC for their first medical follow-up visit (approximately 30 days after the first appointment).Results:The scores for hopelessness, anxiety, and depression remained stable (p = 0.24). The results were the same for the quality-of-life (QoL) variables, except for the fatigue and pain scores, which decreased (p = 0.01), and social impairment, which increased (p = 0.03). Analysis of the correlations between the coping mechanisms used after the onset of palliative treatment showed that confronting coping, seeking social support, and positive reappraisal were inversely correlated with hopelessness. Seeking social support, planful problem solving, and positive reappraisal were inversely correlated with indicators of depression. In contrast, use of the escape–avoidance strategy and reduced use of the planful problem-solving strategy were associated with increased anxiety.Significance of results:The employment of problem-focused coping strategies exerted a positive impact on the end-of-life process and, above all, protected patients from the negative experiences associated with psychiatric symptoms, thus enabling them to look for alternative solutions for experiencing the end-of-life process in a more well-adjusted manner.

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Cho, Kyung-Hyun, Ji-Eun Kim, Hyo-Seon Nam, Seung-Hee Baek, and Ashutosh Bahuguna. "Consumption of Policosanol (Raydel®) Improves Hepatic, Renal, and Reproductive Functions in Zebrafish: In Vivo Comparison Study among Cuban, Chinese, and American Policosanol." Pharmaceuticals 17, no. 1 (2023): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph17010066.

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The current study compared three policosanols from Cuba (sugarcane, Raydel®, policosanol (1), China (rice bran, Shaanxi, policosanol (2), and the USA (sugarcane, Lesstanol®, policosanol (3) in the treatment of dyslipidemia and protection of the liver, ovary, and testis in hypercholesterolemic zebrafish. After twelve weeks of supplementation of each policosanol (PCO, final 0.1% in diet, w/w) with a high cholesterol diet (HCD, final 4%, w/w), the Raydel policosanol (PCO1) group showed the highest survivability, approximately 89%. In contrast, Shaanxi policosanol (PCO2) and Lesstanol policosanol (PCO3) produced 73% and 87% survivability, respectively, while the HCD alone group showed 75% survivability. In the 12th week, the PCO1 group demonstrated the most modest increase in body weight along with significantly lower levels of total cholesterol (TC) and triglycerides (TG) in comparison to the HCD control group. Additionally, the PCO1 group exhibited the highest proportion of high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol within TC. Notably, the PCO1 group displayed the lowest level of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase, minimal infiltration of inflammatory cells, reduced interleukin (IL)-6 production in the liver, a notable decline in reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and mitigated fatty liver changes. HCD supplementation induced impairment of kidney morphology with the greatest extent of ROS production and apoptosis. On the other hand, the PCO 1 group showed a remarkably improved morphology with the least ROS generation and apoptosis. Within the ovarian context, the PCO1 group exhibited the most substantial presence of mature vitellogenic oocytes, accompanied by minimal levels of ROS and apoptosis. Similarly, in the testicular domain, the PCO1 group showcased optimal morphology for spermatogenesis, characterized by the least interstitial area and diminished production of ROS in testicular cells. At week 8, the PCO1 group showed the highest egg-laying ability, with around 244 eggs produced per mating. In contrast, the HCD alone, PCO2, and PCO3 groups showed significantly lower egg-laying ability (49, 59, and 86 eggs, respectively). The embryos from the PCO1 group exhibited the highest survivability with the fastest swimming ability and developmental speed. These results suggest that PCO1 consumption significantly enhanced the reproduction system, egg-laying ability, and embryo survivability. In conclusion, among the three policosanols, Cuban (Raydel®) policosanol had the strongest effect on survivability, improving dyslipidemia, liver protection, kidney, ovary, and testis with a restoration of the cell morphology, and the least ROS production and apoptosis-induced by HCD supplementation.

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Oliveira, Jennifer de Sousa Melo, Joana Talita Galdino Costa, José Ytalo Gomes Silva, et al. "Efeito sinérgico do ácido p-metoxicinâmico (PCOC) associado ao exercício físico no tratamento do diabetes mellitus." Brazilian Journal of Health Review 3, no. 3 (2020): 6994–7009. http://dx.doi.org/10.34119/bjhrv3n3-233.

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Wernimont, Amy K., David L. Huffman, Lydia A. Finney, Borries Demeler, Thomas V. O'Halloran, and Amy C. Rosenzweig. "Crystal structure and dimerization equilibria of PcoC, a methionine-rich copper resistance protein from Escherichia coli." JBIC Journal of Biological Inorganic Chemistry 8, no. 1 (2003): 185–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00775-002-0404-9.

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Sharma, Ravi, Venkataramana Badarla, and Vinay Sharma. "PCOC: A Fast Sensor-Device Line of Sight Detection Algorithm for Point Cloud Representations of Indoor Environments." IEEE Communications Letters 24, no. 6 (2020): 1258–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2020.2981058.

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Yao, Tingwei, Yang Zhang, Minhao Guo, Zhilin Tuo, Haiyang Wang, and Desheng Zhou. "Case study on diagnosis and identify the degree of bottom hole liquid accumulation in double-branch horizontal wells in PCOC." E3S Web of Conferences 248 (2021): 01071. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202124801071.

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In the process of continuous production of natural gas wells, formation pressure and gas flow rate decrease continuously. The ability to carry liquid decreases continuously, thus gradually forming bottom hole liquid. Bottom hole liquid accumulation is an important reason for the decrease of production or shutdown of natural gas wells. How to diagnose whether there is liquid accumulation in natural gas wells and identify the degree of liquid accumulation, to adopt drainage gas recovery operation in time, is the research focus of efficient development of natural gas reservoirs. In this paper, a method for diagnosing bottom hole liquid accumulation combining production performance curve and modified Fernando inclined well critical liquid-carrying model is designed for a large scale double-branch horizontal well used in unconventional reservoirs. The method is applied to the Well X2 of He 8 Member in PCOC. The application results showed that there was no liquid accumulation in the horizontal and vertical sections of the Well X2. The liquid in the wellbore was generated at the bottom of the inclined section and the liquid accumulation is upward along the wellbore from the bottom of the inclined section, with the height of 3 m.

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Djoko, Karrera Y., Zhiguang Xiao, David L. Huffman, and Anthony G. Wedd. "Conserved Mechanism of Copper Binding and Transfer. A Comparison of the Copper-Resistance Proteins PcoC fromEscherichia coliand CopC fromPseudomonas syringae." Inorganic Chemistry 46, no. 11 (2007): 4560–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ic070107o.

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Yang, Jing, Minhao Guo, Yan Le, Xin Fan, Haiyang Wang, and Desheng Zhou. "Examples of discriminating the downward depth and downward timing of the velocity string in the water-producing gas well." E3S Web of Conferences 248 (2021): 01072. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202124801072.

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The problem of bottom hole effusion is an important reason for the reduction and even shutdown of natural gas wells. Downward velocity string is an important drainage gas recovery process, which can improve the flow rate of gas and discharge more liquid from the wellhead. However, the depth and timing of the velocity string is a technical problem that has been difficult to solve by field engineers. To solve this problem, this paper designs a method to select the depth and timing of the velocity string in the case of highly deviated wells and applies this method to Well X6–2 and Well X2–1 of PCOC in Ordos Basin, China. The optimization results show that when the wellhead pressure is 6.26 MPa, Well X6–2 should lower the 2–1.71 in. or 2.375–1.995 in. velocity string to 3337.9 m before the formation pressure decays to 8.800 MPa, which is most conducive to improve the liquid carrying capacity of gas wells. When the wellhead pressure is 4 MPa, Well X2–1 should lower 2–1.71in. velocity string to 3401.3 m before the formation pressure decays to 5.800 MPa, or lower 2.375–1.995 in. velocity string to 3401.3 m before the formation pressure decays to 5.900 MPa.

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Mohsen, Ahmed M., Rawaa S. A. AL-Azawi, Hawraa H. Naji, Hamzah H. Kzar, and Moaed E. Al-Gazally. "Investigation of the Omentin-1 V109D gene polymorphism as a risk factor for the incidence of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome." Bionatura 7, no. 3 (2022): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.21931/rb/2022.07.03.51.

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This study was conducted to assess the omentin-1 (OME-1) V109D gene SNP in women with PCOS and healthy control and to investigate the possible relationship between this adipokine and metabolic profile. This study includes 50 women in the range of age (19-43 Y) who have been diagnosed with PCOC as a patient group and 40 healthy women in age (17-45 Y) as a control group. Five ml of peripheral blood were drawn from both groups to perform the biochemical and genetic study. Metabolic profiles were assessed by spectrophotometric methods, and PCR-RFLP investigated V109D of OME-1 SNP. The results suggest a statistical decrease in FBG, BMI, TG, TC, and LDL(p-value<0.05) in the control group compared to the PCOS group and a statistical increase in HDL levels in control compared to the PCOS group. Genotyping analysis shows statistically significant differences between DD and VV genotypes in PCOS and control groups (OR=4.66 (CI 95%,1.6-8.3), (OR=2.4 (CI95%,0.7-6.9) respectively. These results suggest statistically significant differences in three genotypes (DD, DV, and VV) of the PCOS group depending on age and BMI (p-value <0.05). DD and VV genotypes of OME-1 V109D SNP have more risk factors for PCOS incidence and changes in metabolic profile in Iraqi women. Keywords: Polycystic ovary syndrome, Omentin-1, risk factor, polymorphism genetic

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Tahsin, Shekha K., Linan Jiang, Neha Sane, et al. "Abstract A073: Human prostate-on-chip models to define stromal and epithelial interactions in normal and cancerous prostate." Cancer Research 83, no. 11_Supplement (2023): A073. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.prca2023-a073.

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Abstract Background: The secretion of morphogenic factors from the stroma, whose production is dependent on stromal androgen receptor (AR) action, is crucial for maintaining glandular structure and homeostatic function of the prostate gland. However, the precise nature of the factors involved, their regulation, and how they impact homeostasis in the human prostate is not clear. We hypothesize that loss of stromal AR function as seen in prostate cancer progression and during androgen-deprivation therapy likely contribute to tumor progression through disruption of this homeostasis. It is important to understand these interactions in the human context to better aid in improving patient outcomes. Approach: Microfluidic-based technology was used to develop the first human Prostate-on-Chip (PoC) where human prostate fibroblasts are co-cultured with human prostate basal epithelial cells under flow. Addition of androgen to the stromal cells is sufficient to induce luminal cell differentiation on top of the neighboring basal cells – recapitulating the cellular architecture of the human gland. To study prostate cancer in this context, we replaced the normal epithelial cells with tumor cells to interrogate the tumor-stromal interactions; thus, generating a human Prostate Cancer-on-Chip model (PCoC). Cytokine arrays and RT-qPCR was used to identify androgen-induced stromal morphogens and tumor cytokines involved in tumor/stromal interactions. Molecular biology approaches were used to identify the mechanisms involved. Results: Within the PCoC model, tumor cells invaded into the stroma and conversely stromal cells invaded into the tumors. This was accompanied by localized CAF conversion of the stroma. Invasion of tumor cells into the stroma could be blocked with an integrin-α6 binding peptide. Strikingly, the level of AR expression in the stroma was also reduced, recapitulating the loss of stromal AR expression seen in patients. A cytokine array identified TNFα and TGFβ as tumor secreted factors responsible for suppressing stromal AR protein and mRNA expression. TNFα suppressed stromal AR expression in the absence of CAF conversion via NF-κB binding to the AR promoter. On the other hand, p38-MAPK signaling suppressed AR expression independent of TNFα. FGF10 and Wnt16, but not KGF, were identified as androgen-induced stromal secreted morphogens. Loss of stromal AR expression, led to suppression of FGF10 and Wnt16, but not KGF expression. Thus, stromal AR inhibition by tumor secreted TNFα or p38-MAPK signaling suppresses the stromal morphogens required to maintain normal prostate homeostasis. Conclusions: We have developed the first human Prostate-on-Chip and Prostate Cancer-on-Chip models which recapitulate the biology of both the normal human prostate as well as prostate cancer stromal interactions. These models can be used to address a range of clinical problems in cancer development, drug response, and biomarker identification in the context of the tumor microenvironment. This model can easily be adapted for personalized medicine approaches. Citation Format: Shekha K. Tahsin, Linan Jiang, Neha Sane, Kailie Szewczyk, Hunain Khawaja, Yitshak Zohar, Cindy K. Miranti. Human prostate-on-chip models to define stromal and epithelial interactions in normal and cancerous prostate [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Advances in Prostate Cancer Research; 2023 Mar 15-18; Denver, Colorado. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(11 Suppl):Abstract nr A073.

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Kekez, Ivana, Mihovil Faletar, Mario Kekez, et al. "Copper Binding and Oligomerization Studies of the Metal Resistance Determinant CrdA from Helicobacter pylori." Molecules 27, no. 11 (2022): 3387. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27113387.

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Within this research, the CrdA protein from Helicobacter pylori (HpCrdA), a putative copper-binding protein important for the survival of bacterium, was biophysically characterized in a solution, and its binding affinity toward copper was experimentally determined. Incubation of HpCrdA with Cu(II) ions favors the formation of the monomeric species in the solution. The modeled HpCrdA structure shows a conserved methionine-rich region, a potential binding site for Cu(I), as in the structures of similar copper-binding proteins, CopC and PcoC, from Pseudomonas syringae and from Escherichia coli, respectively. Within the conserved amino acid motif, HpCrdA contains two additional methionines and two glutamic acid residues (MMXEMPGMXXMXEM) in comparison to CopC and PcoCbut lacks the canonical Cu(II) binding site (two His) since the sequence has no His residues. The methionine-rich site is in a flexible loop and can adopt different geometries for the two copper oxidation states. It could bind copper in both oxidation states (I and II), but with different binding affinities, micromolar was found for Cu(II), and less than nanomolar is proposed for Cu(I). Considering that CrdA is a periplasmic protein involved in chaperoning copper export and delivery in the H. pylori cell and that the affinity of the interaction corresponds to a middle or strong metal–protein interaction depending on the copper oxidation state, we conclude that the interaction also occurs in vivo and is physiologically relevant for H. pylori.

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Thommandra Rishika, Veeramalla Vishnu Vardhan, Nadipelly Sai Kiran, Mr. Baradur Kumar, and Dr. M. Ramesh. "CystoPredict: Advanced Prediction for PCOD/PCOS Management." International Research Journal on Advanced Engineering Hub (IRJAEH) 3, no. 05 (2025): 2616–20. https://doi.org/10.47392/irjaeh.2025.0387.

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Polycystic Ovarian Disease (PCOD) and Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome(PCOS) are prevalent hormonal disorders that impact women's reproductive health, metabolic functions, and overall well-being. Given the complexities associated with these conditions, early detection is crucial to prevent long-term complications such as infertility, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. This project aims to develop a machine learning-driven system for the early detection, prediction, and classification of PCOD/PCOS. The system integrates multiple medical data inputs, including blood test results and hormonal profiles, to accurately diagnose the condition. Machine learning algorithms analyze these inputs to identify patterns indicative of PCOD/PCOS, offering a reliable diagnosis at an earlier stage. The system also predicts the likelihood of the disease's progression based on key indicators such as hormone levels and metabolic markers. Furthermore, the condition is classified into various stages based on severity—ranging from mild to severe—taking into account symptom intensity and hormonal imbalances. Once the stage is determined, the system generates customized diet and exercise plans tailored to the individual's health status and condition stage. These personalized management strategies aim to regulate hormonal imbalances, promote weight management, and mitigate the symptoms of PCOD/PCOS. By integrating early detection, prediction, and personalized intervention plans, the system offers a comprehensive approach to managing the disorder, ultimately improving patient outcomes and quality of life.

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Gatera, Richard, Samantha Strelzer, Febronie Mushimiyimana, et al. "Functional outcomes and clinical characteristics of children discharged from pediatric intensive care unit of a low- and middle-income countries: A single-center prospective observational cohort study from Rwand." Journal of Pediatric Critical Care 11, no. 5 (2024): 200–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jpcc.jpcc_36_24.

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Abstract Background: The development of pediatric intensive care units (PICUs) has contributed to the improvement in the survival of critically ill children; however, the long-term functional outcome of these children is often unknown in many low-/middle-income countries including Rwanda. This study aimed to describe incidence and type of long-term functional outcomes and associated clinical characteristics among PICU survivors during a 5 years’ period (2015–2019). Subjects and Methods: This was a single-center, prospective observational cohort study conducted in the PICU of University Teaching Hospital in Rwanda. A Pediatric Cerebral Performance Category (PCPC) and Pediatric Overall Performance Category (POPC) scales were used to screen for long-term functional outcomes. The results were evaluated by telephone interview and statistically analyzed using logistic regression. Results: Out of 158 children, 53.2% had overall disability while 33.6% had some level of cognitive disability after PICU discharge. Out of 41 (2`5.9%) deaths during study period, three (7.3%) occurred during the hospital stay, while 8 (19.6%) occurred after the first year of hospital discharge. Disability screened by two scales, PCPC and PCOC, was comparable for mild (13.3% vs. 23.4%), moderate (11.4% vs. 20.3%), and severe (5.1% vs. 5.7%) categories. PICU admission for patient with at least one preadmission comorbidity had significantly greater disability at discharge (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Despite a high survival rate, residual functional disability is prevalent among children after discharge from the PICU in Rwanda. The presence of at least one preadmission comorbidity was independently associated with greater disability at discharge.

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Rao, Bhagya Venkanna. "PCOD and PCOS: Are they same or Different???" Indian Journal of Pharmacy Practice 15, no. 4 (2022): 256–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5530/ijopp.15.4.46.

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Brougham, Tom, and Nicolás E. Campione. "Body size correlates with discrete-character morphological proxies." Paleobiology 46, no. 3 (2020): 304–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/pab.2020.23.

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AbstractPrincipal coordinates analysis (PCoA) is a statistical ordination technique commonly applied to morphology-based cladistic matrices to study macroevolutionary patterns, morphospace occupation, and disparity. However, PCoA-based morphospaces are dissociated from the original data; therefore, whether such morphospaces accurately reflect body-plan disparity or extrinsic factors, such as body size, remains uncertain. We collated nine character–taxon matrices of dinosaurs together with body-mass estimates for all taxa and tested for relationships between body size and both the principal axis of variation (i.e., PCo1) and the entire set of PCo scores. The possible effects of body size on macroevolutionary hypotheses derived from ordinated matrices were tested by reevaluating evidence for the accelerated accumulation of avian-type traits indicated by a strong directional shift in PCo1 scores in hypothetical ancestors of modern birds. Body mass significantly accounted for, on average, approximately 50% and 16% of the phylogenetically corrected variance in PCo1 and all PCo scores, respectively. Along the avian stem lineage, approximately 30% of the morphological variation is attributed to the reconstructed body masses of each ancestor. When the effects of body size are adjusted, the period of accelerated trait accumulation is replaced by a more gradual, additive process. Our results indicate that even at low proportions of variance, body size can noticeably affect macroevolutionary hypotheses generated from ordinated morphospaces. Future studies should thoroughly explore the nature of their character data in association with PCoA-based morphospaces and use a residual/covariate approach to account for potential correlations with body size.

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Tripathi, Pooja Pandey. "Effect of Wolly Workout in PCOS and PCOD Patients as Part of Management." SSR Institute of International Journal of Life Sciences 9, no. 4 (2023): 3281–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.21276/ssr-iijls.2023.9.4.7.

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Dagogo, Daibi Wellington, and Saheed K. Ajadi. "PRIVATE COST OF CAPITAL AND INCREMENTAL BUSINESS VALUE OF MID-MARKET FIRMS." Vol. 16, Number 1, 2021 16, Number 1 (2021): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.32890/ijbf2021.16.1.1.

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This study examined the implications of private cost of capital on the incremental business value (IBV) of middle market firms in Nigeria. Specifically, three costs were identified as follows: private cost of debt (PCD), private cost of equity (PCE), and overall private cost of capital (PCOC). The purpose was to investigate the extent to which private cost of capital, which is calculated differently from weighted average cost of capital for large enterprises, could contribute to incremental business value of middle market (mid-market) firms. Two panel data regression models were specified with one dependent variable (incremental business value). The first model has private cost of equity and private cost of debt as independent variables, while the second has private cost of capital as the independent variable. The panel comprised 10 middle market enterprises registered as members of the Nigerian Association of Stock Dealers (NASD). Middle market enterprises are operators in the private sector whose total assets (excluding land and building) are above one hundred and fifty thousand USD but not more than one million five hundred thousand USD. The study adopted the fixed effect model as the best linear estimator after a model validation with the aid of the Hausman test. We found that private cost of debt, private cost of equity, and overall private cost of capital have negative and significant effects on the incremental business value of middle market firms. We concluded that incremental business value is more elastic to changes in private cost of equity than private cost of debt, and that this is as a result of two phenomena: firstly, higher explicit private cost of equity than debt, and secondly, greater proportion of private equity than private debt in the capital structure of middle market firms in Nigeria.

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Tanwar, Sonia, Debasmita Sarkar, Kanak Gupta, Aaditya -, and Shiksha Singh. "A Review in Changes in Lifestyle to Prevent PCOD and PCOS." International Journal of Recent Research and Review XVI, no. 4 (2023): 41–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.62233/ijrrr5.

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Endocrine disorders that are common and impact a considerable section of the female population are Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) and Polycystic Ovary Disorder (PCOD). Lifestyle decisions are critical in the beginning and advancement of many conditions, even if hormonal and genetic factors play a part in their development. In order to prevent PCOD and PCOS, a thorough lifestyle modification approach is presented in this abstract along with its essential elements. Targeted dietary, exercise, stress-reduction, and sleep pattern modifications are all part of the suggested intervention. The key to controlling insulin levels and fostering hormonal balance is eating a well-balanced, nutrient-rich diet that emphasizes whole foods and minimizes processed carbohydrates and saturated fats. Frequent exercise is emphasized for the benefits it offers to managing weight, sensitivity to insulin, and general health. Techniques for reducing stress, including mindfulness and getting enough sleep, are essential to reducing the negative effects of long-term stress on hormone variations. The importance of good sleep hygiene is underscored by the connection between insulin resistance and hormonal dysregulation that accompany PCOD and PCOS, as well as insulin resistance. The abstract also discusses the significance of education and awareness campaigns to provide people the information they need to make wise lifestyle decisions. It is advised that public health programs be implemented to support early intervention, encourage better lifestyle choices, and lower the prevalence of PCOS and PCOD in the general population. In conclusion, by addressing food choices, physical exercise, stress management, and sleep hygiene, the suggested lifestyle modification strategy offers a comprehensive framework for preventing PCOD and PCOS. These adjustments, when combined with educational programs, have the potential to lower the incidence and severity of these prevalent endocrine problems, improving the health of women all over the world in the process.

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Singh, Rahul. "Evidence Based Treatment of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome/Diseases (PCOS/PCOD) with Homoeopathy." Acta Scientific Medical Sciences 3, no. 11 (2019): 105–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.31080/asms.2019.03.0447.

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Xiao, Youcheng, Mengjiao Wang, Di Bao, et al. "Performance of Fuel Electrode-Supported Tubular Protonic Ceramic Cells Prepared through Slip Casting and Dip-Coating Methods." Catalysts 13, no. 1 (2023): 182. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal13010182.

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Fuel electrode-supported tubular protonic ceramic cells (FETPCCs) based on the BaZr0.4Ce0.4Y0.15Zn0.05O3−δ (BZCYZ) membrane electrolyte was fabricated through a two-step method, in which the polyporous electrode-support tube was prepared with a traditional slip casting technique in a plaster mold, and the BZCYZ membrane was produced by a dip-coating process on the outside surface of the electrode-support tube. The dense thin-film electrolyte of BZCYZ with a thickness of ~25 μm was achieved by cofiring the fuel electrode support and electrolyte membrane at 1450 °C for 6 h. The electrochemical performances of the FETPCCs were tested under different solid oxide cell modes. In protonic ceramic fuel cell (PCFC) mode, the peak power densities of the cell reached 151–191 mW·cm−2 at 550–700 °C and exhibited relatively stable performance during continuous operation over 100 h at 650 °C. It was found that the major influence on the performance of tubular PCFC was the resistance and cathode current collectors. Additionally, in protonic ceramic electrolysis cell (PCEC) mode, the current densities of 418–654 mA·cm−2 were obtained at 600–700 °C with the applied voltage of 2.0 V when exposed to 20% CO2–80% H2 and 3% H2O/air. Using distribution of relaxation time analysis, the electrolytic rate-limiting step of the PCEC model was determined as the adsorption and dissociation of the gas on the electrode surface.

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Anjali, Dhami* Sarita Rawat Abhijeet Ojha Arun Kumar Singh. "Emerging Role of Herbal Plants in The Management Of PCOS: A Literature Review." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 3, no. 3 (2025): 683–95. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14996312.

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Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine and metabolic disorder in which multiple cysts can be seen in the ovaries of affected one. It is the complex syndrome of hormonal imbalance, metabolic dysfunction, and reproductive irregularities shows significant challenges in its management. PCOS is associated with various clinical symptoms such as irregular mensuration, infertility, androgen growth, hirsutism, insulin resistance, acne, obesity. Herbal medicines are currently most preferred way of treatment due to their perceived efficacy and less adverse effects compared to allopathic treatment. The abstract explores about the emerging role of herbal plants in the management of PCOS. Moreover, this abstract highlight the evidence-based efficacy of select herbal plants, such as Vitex agnus-castus, Foeniculum vulgare, Zingiber officinale, Cinnamomum zeylanicum, Withania somnifera, Aloe barbedensis, Mentha spicate Linn and Glycyrthiza glabra. With the comprehensive survey of current literature, the active chemical constituents present in various herbal remedies are explained, along with their mechanisms of action in the management of polycystic ovary syndrome such as Aloe barbedensis improve fertility by increasing the number of ovarian follicles, vitex agnus-castus reduce hirsutism by reducing testosterone and androgen levels. It has also shown that Cinnamomum zeylanicum and Glycyrthiza glabra improve the adverse effects on diabetes caused due to PCOS by lowering lipid and blood glucose levels.  Furthermore, the abstract discusses about the challenges and opportunities related to introduction of herbal medicine into PCOS management. So it is concluded that the herbal plants are mostly preferred for the management of PCOS. However, more research and study including randomized controlled trials and long-term safety assessments, is required to validate their efficacy, safety and potency.  

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Narula, Namita, and Ishita U. Bharadwaj. "Exploring the experiences of Indian women in diagnosis and treatment of PCOS/PCOD." Indian Journal of Health Sexuality and Culture 10, no. 1 (2024): 25–32. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13762309.

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Abstract Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)/Polycystic Ovary Disorder (PCOD) can have a substantial influence on the quality of life, which is why research into its diagnosis and treatment, with a special emphasis on the issues faced by women in the context of healthcare, is critical. The study's goal was to explore and understand the experiences of Indian women with PCOS/PCOD regarding their diagnosis and treatment. The data was collected from 12 women in their early twenties with PCOS/PCOD with the help of snowball sampling. The interviews were narrative, and the data was subjected to Reflexive thematic analysis (Braun & Clarke, 2006, 2019).The main 3 themes were-1) Communicating about the diagnosis, 2) Experiences with the healthcare professionals, and 3) Treatment and Acceptance. The study concluded with the need for sensitizing healthcare professionals to the problems of women with PCOS/ PCOD, also making them aware of the psycho-social impact of it on women’s lives. The limitation of this study is the homogeneity of the as the participants were mainly women who were educated and belonged to high-income families, which restricted the kind of experience and responses the researcher got in the study. This study can be used in making various interventions for women with PCOS/PCOD

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Nema, Palak, Jeslin Joseph, Prince Mal, and Anupam Shukla. "PCOS/PCOD as result of lifestyle and stress among college-going female students." Indian Journal of Health Sexuality and Culture 10, no. 1 (2024): 40–48. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13309345.

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Abstract This study aims to investigate PCOS/PCOD in collegegoing female students of the present time as a major health challenge at personal, familial and societal levels. This study is divided into two phases, which examine lifestyle and stress as characteristics and determinants of PCOS/PCOD in college-going females. The sample includes college-going female students, aged between 18-25 years, of undergraduate and postgraduate classes of all disciplines of Higher Education Centres, Bhopal. Purposive sampling was used. Simple quantitative analysis (analysis of percentage and conversion of scores into levels) has been done to get the comparative picture of various dimensions of life style factors. Phase I investigates lifestyle factors by using a selfdeveloped 5-point interview schedule, which includes 10 lifestyle dimensions. Results of phase I suggest that excessive screen time, unregulated sleep patterns and poor dietary habits play a contributing role among females with PCOD/PCOS. Since adolescence is characterized by stress (Stanley Hall's 4s), it was deemed essential to plan a second phase of this study employing ex post facto research design with causal factors of stress comparing college-going females with PCOS/PCOD with two healthy controls (comparative groups). Phase II of this study explores perceived stress levels using a perceived stress questionnaire (PSQ). One-way ANOVA revealed no significant difference among the above-mentioned three groups. The results are discussed in the light of Adlerian theory and the bio-psycho-social model of health, with a specific emphasis on belief systems and lifestyle as well as its implications on health.

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Rastrick, Samuel P. S., Victoria Collier, Helen Graham, Tore Strohmeier, Nia M. Whiteley, and Øivind Strand. "Feeding plasticity more than metabolic rate drives the productivity of economically important filter feeders in response to elevated CO2 and reduced salinity." ICES Journal of Marine Science 75, no. 6 (2018): 2117–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsy079.

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Abstract Climate change driven alterations in salinity and carbonate chemistry are predicted to have significant implications particularly for northern costal organisms, including the economically important filter feeders Mytilus edulis and Ciona intestinalis. However, despite a growing number of studies investigating the biological effects of multiple environmental stressors, the combined effects of elevated pCO2 and reduced salinity remain comparatively understudied. Changes in metabolic costs associated with homeostasis and feeding/digestion in response to environmental stressors may reallocate energy from growth and reproduction, affecting performance. Although these energetic trade-offs in response to changes in routine metabolic rates have been well demonstrated fewer studies have investigated how these are affected by changes in feeding plasticity. Consequently, the present study investigated the combined effects of 26 days’ exposure to elevated pCO2 (500 µatm and 1000 µatm) and reduced salinity (30, 23, and 16) on the energy available for growth and performance (Scope for Growth) in M. edulis and C. intestinalis, and the role of metabolic rate (oxygen uptake) and feeding plasticity [clearance rate (CR) and absorption efficiency] in this process. In M. edulis exposure to elevated pCO2 resulted in a 50% reduction in Scope for Growth. However, elevated pCO2 had a much greater effect on C. intestinalis, with more than a 70% reduction in Scope for Growth. In M. edulis negative responses to elevated pCO2 are also unlikely be further affected by changes in salinity between 16 and 30. Whereas, under future predicted levels of pCO2C. intestinalis showed 100% mortality at a salinity of 16, and a &gt;90% decrease in Scope for Growth with reduced biomass at a salinity of 23. Importantly, this work demonstrates energy available for production is more dependent on feeding plasticity, i.e. the ability to regulate CR and absorption efficiency, in response to multiple stressors than on more commonly studied changes in metabolic rates.

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Nagar, Rajeev. "Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) and Polycystic Ovarian Disease (PCOD): An evidence-based homeopathic perspective." International Journal of Homoeopathic Sciences 9, no. 2 (2025): 363–64. https://doi.org/10.33545/26164485.2025.v9.i2.g.1523.

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Lobo, Rogerio A. "A disorder without identity: “HCA,“ “PCO,“ “PCOD,” “PCOS,” “SLS”. What are we to call it?!" Fertility and Sterility 63, no. 6 (1995): 1158–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)57589-x.

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Li, Meng, Xiwen Simon Qin, Huiqin Liu, et al. "Palliative care burden and specialist service utilisation for individuals with cardiovascular disease in Australia: a national population-based observational study." BMJ Open 15, no. 5 (2025): e096435. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2024-096435.

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BackgroundCardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major cause of death globally. In advanced stages, patients with CVD often require palliative care due to reduced health-related quality of life from physical, psychological and spiritual symptoms, along with physical disability.ObjectivesTo investigate (1) the symptom and function burden of patients with CVD on their first admission to specialist palliative care services and (2) how these care burdens, and other clinical characteristics, affected patients’ utilisation of community-based versus inpatient services.DesignA national population-based observational study using point-of-care outcomes sourced from the Australian palliative care outcomes and collaboration (PCOC).SettingsCommunity-based and inpatient Specialist palliative care services across Australia registered in the PCOC.ParticipantsPatients who required specialist palliative care principally for CVD, and whose death occurred between 1 January 2013 and 31 December 2022.MethodsFive validated clinical instruments were used to collect point-of-care outcomes on each individual’s function (Resource Utilisation Groups - Activities of Daily Living (RUG) & Australia-modified Karnofsky Performance Status (AKPS)), symptom distress (Symptoms Assessment Scale & Palliative Care Problem Severity Score) and other clinical characteristics (Palliative Care Phases). Multivariable logistic regression was applied to evaluate how patients’ functional and symptom burden influenced their use of inpatient versus community-based palliative care services.ResultsOur analysis included 17 002 patients with CVD, with 7539 (44.3%) receiving community palliative care services and 9463 (55.7%) accessing inpatient palliative care services. On admission to palliative care services, patients often exhibit significant physical functional impairments and substantial symptom burdens, particularly related to fatigue and breathing difficulties. In comparison, patients accessing inpatient services tended to have greater functional impairment (p<0.001) but commonly reported lower symptom burdens (p<0.001). Our analysis indicated that greater functional impairment (ORs ranged from 2.53 to 6.02, p<0.001 for RUG; ORs ranged from 1.72 to 5.02, p<0.008 for AKPS), poorer overall health condition (OR ranged from 1.28 to 17.60, p<0.001) and referrals by a community service (OR=0.16, 95% CI: 0.14 to 0.18, p<0.001) were a negative predictor of inpatient services use. Surprisingly, higher levels of symptom distress and challenges in symptom management were associated with a decreased likelihood of using inpatient services compared with community-based services.ConclusionPatients with CVD frequently require support to manage decreased functional abilities, as well as symptoms like fatigue and breathing difficulties. With greater investment in community-based supportive services and a skilled palliative care workforce, more individuals with advanced CVD could potentially receive palliative care in community settings.

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