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Journal articles on the topic 'PCPA'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 17 February 2022

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1

Cai, Mian, and Luying Xun. "Organization and Regulation of Pentachlorophenol-Degrading Genes in Sphingobium chlorophenolicum ATCC 39723." Journal of Bacteriology 184, no. 17 (2002): 4672–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.184.17.4672-4680.2002.

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ABSTRACT The first three enzymes of the pentachlorophenol (PCP) degradation pathway in Sphingobium chlorophenolicum (formerly Sphingomonas chlorophenolica) ATCC 39723 have been characterized, and the corresponding genes, pcpA, pcpB, and pcpC, have been individually cloned and sequenced. To search for new genes involved in PCP degradation and map the physical locations of the pcp genes, a 24-kb fragment containing pcpA and pcpC was completely sequenced. A putative LysR-type transcriptional regulator gene, pcpM, and a maleylacetate reductase gene, pcpE, were identified upstream of pcpA. pcpE was

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Glover, David T., Susan K. Hollingshead, and David E. Briles. "Streptococcus pneumoniae Surface Protein PcpA Elicits Protection against Lung Infection and Fatal Sepsis." Infection and Immunity 76, no. 6 (2008): 2767–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.01126-07.

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ABSTRACTPrevious studies have suggested that pneumococcal choline binding protein A (PcpA) is important for the full virulence ofStreptococcus pneumoniae, and its amino acid sequence suggests that it may play a role in cellular adherence. PcpA is under the control of a manganese-dependent regulator and is only expressed at low manganese concentrations, similar to those found in the blood and lungs. PcpA expression is repressed under high manganese concentrations, similar to those found in secretions. In this study, we have demonstrated that PcpA elicits statistically significant protection in

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Buell, Thomas J., Dale Ding, Daniel M. S. Raper, et al. "Posterior circulation perforator aneurysms: a proposed management algorithm." Journal of NeuroInterventional Surgery 10, no. 1 (2017): 55–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/neurintsurg-2016-012891.

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IntroductionSubarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) from posterior circulation perforator aneurysms (PCPAs) is rare and its natural history is unknown. Diagnosis may be difficult, acute management is poorly defined, and long-term recurrent SAH rates and clinical outcome data are lacking.MethodsWe searched our institution's records for cases of PCPA rupture and analyzed patient demographics, Hunt and Hess (HH) grades, diagnostic imaging, management, and clinical outcomes. We conducted telephone interviews to calculate modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores.ResultsWe identified 9 patients (6 male, 3 female) w

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A, Gula, Xian Li, Budao Su, et al. "Effect of Mongolian warm acupuncture on the gene expression profile of rats with insomnia." Acupuncture in Medicine 37, no. 5 (2019): 301–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/acupmed-2016-011243.

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Background: The mechanism of Mongolian warm acupuncture (MWA) for the treatment of insomnia has not been previously reported. Objective: To investigate the effect of MWA on gene expression profile in the p-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA)-induced rat model of insomnia. Methods A rat model of insomnia was established and the animals were divided into five groups: control, PCPA (untreated), PCPA+estazolam, PCPA+MA (manual acupuncture), and PCPA+MWA. The rats were euthanased at 7 days after treatment, and hypothalamic tissue was harvested to extract total RNA for the analysis of gene expression profile

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Kaur, Ravinder, Naveen Surendran, Martina Ochs, and Michael E. Pichichero. "Human Antibodies to PhtD, PcpA, and Ply Reduce Adherence to Human Lung Epithelial Cells and Murine Nasopharyngeal Colonization by Streptococcus pneumoniae." Infection and Immunity 82, no. 12 (2014): 5069–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.02124-14.

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ABSTRACTStreptococcus pneumoniaeadherence to human epithelial cells (HECs) is the first step in pathogenesis leading to infections. We sought to determine the role of human antibodies againstS. pneumoniaeprotein vaccine candidates PhtD, PcpA, and Ply in preventing adherence to lung HECsin vitroand mouse nasopharyngeal (NP) colonizationin vivo. Human anti-PhtD, -PcpA, and -Ply antibodies were purified and Fab fragments generated. Fabs were used to test inhibition of adherence of TIGR4 and nonencapsulated strain RX1 to A549 lung HECs. The roles of individual proteins in adherence were tested usi

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Rocchi, Angela, and Fergal Mills. "ACTIVITIES OF THE PAN-CANADIAN PHARMACEUTICAL ALLIANCE: AN OBSERVATIONAL ANALYSIS." Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology 25, no. 2 (2018): e12-e22. http://dx.doi.org/10.22374/1710-6222.25.2.2.

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Background The pan-Canadian Pharmaceutical Alliance (pCPA) was established in 2010 to negotiate confidential prices for drugs coming forward from Canada’s centralized health technology assessment (HTA) agency reviews, on behalf of the participating public drug plans. Objective To analyze the activities of the pCPA, to determine: alignment of HTA agency recommendations and pCPA negotiation decisions; the role of health economics in pCPA activities; and patterns of implicit prioritization. Methods The analysis was based on the archive of drugs handled through the pC

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Suzuki, Takahisa, Takahiro Shimizu, Joonbeom Kwon, et al. "Role of the serotonergic system in urethral continence reflexes during sneezing in rats." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 315, no. 1 (2018): F79—F85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00614.2017.

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To clarify the role of serotonin (5-HT) in the prevention of stress urinary incontinence (SUI) during sneezing, we investigated the effect of intraperitoneal application of p-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA; a serotonin synthesis inhibitor) and intravenous application of CP-809101 (a 5-HT2C agonist) or LP44 (a 5-HT7 agonist) using female rats, in which the neurally evoked continence reflex during sneezing was examined. Amplitudes of urethral pressure response during sneezing (A-URS), urethral baseline pressure (UBP) at the middle urethra, and sneeze-induced leak point pressure (S-LPP) were measured

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Medeiros, Magda A., Ricardo H. Costa-e-Sousa, Emerson L. Olivares, Wellington S. Côrtes, and Luís C. Reis. "A reassessment of the role of serotonergic system in the control of feeding behavior." Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências 77, no. 1 (2005): 103–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0001-37652005000100008.

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The role of serotonergic system in the feeding behaviorwas appraised by electrolytic lesions in the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) and administration of para-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA, 3 mg/5 mul, icv). Chronic evaluations were accomplished through 120 and 360 days in PCPA-injected and DRN-lesioned rats, respectively. Acute food intake was evaluated in fasted rats and submitted to injection of PCPA and hydroxytryptophan (LHTP, 30 mg/kg, ip). DRN-lesioned rats exhibited 22-80% increase in food intake up to sixth month, whereas the obesity was evident and sustained by whole period. In PCPA-injected

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Jahan, K., KK Pillai, and D. Vohora. "Serotonergic mechanisms in the 6-Hz psychomotor seizures in mice." Human & Experimental Toxicology 38, no. 3 (2018): 336–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0960327118814149.

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Serotonin (5-hydroxytrytamine (5-HT)) plays an important role in experimental seizures. Recently, we reported the depletion of 5-HT by parachlorophynylalanine (PCPA) in whole brain to enhance 6-Hz psychomotor seizures in mice. In the present work, we investigated the effect of 5-HT depletion in cortex and hippocampus, brain regions relevant for epilepsy, on behavioral and ultra-structural changes following 6-Hz psychomotor seizures in mice. In addition, we studied the effect of sodium valproate (SVP) on behavioral, biochemical, and ultra-structural effects induced by 6 Hz. Behavioral changes i

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Wang, Yu-Cheng, and Tin-Chih Chen. "A Partial-Consensus Posterior-Aggregation FAHP Method—Supplier Selection Problem as an Example." Mathematics 7, no. 2 (2019): 179. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math7020179.

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Existing fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) methods usually aggregate the fuzzy pairwise comparison results produced by multiple decision-makers (DMs) rather than the fuzzy weights estimations. This is problematic because fuzzy pairwise comparison results are subject to uncertainty and lack consensus. To address this problem, a partial-consensus posterior-aggregation FAHP (PCPA-FAHP) approach is proposed in this study. The PCPA-FAHP approach seeks a partial consensus among most DMs instead of an overall consensus among all DMs, thereby increasing the possibility of reaching a consensus. S

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Deryabina, Irina B., Viatcheslav V. Andrianov, Lyudmila N. Muranova, Tatiana K. Bogodvid, and Khalil L. Gainutdinov. "Effects of Thryptophan Hydroxylase Blockade by P-Chlorophenylalanine on Contextual Memory Reconsolidation after Training of Different Intensity." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 6 (2020): 2087. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21062087.

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The processes of memory formation and its storage are extremely dynamic. Therefore, the determination of the nature and temporal evolution of the changes that underlie the molecular mechanisms of retrieval and cause reconsolidation of memory is the key to understanding memory formation. Retrieval induces the plasticity, which may result in reconsolidation of the original memory and needs critical molecular events to stabilize the memory or its extinction. 4-Chloro-DL-phenylalanine (P-chlorophenylalanine-PCPA) depresses the most limiting enzyme of serotonin synthesis the tryptophan hydroxylase.

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Johnston, Jason W., David E. Briles, Lisa E. Myers, and Susan K. Hollingshead. "Mn2+-Dependent Regulation of Multiple Genes in Streptococcus pneumoniae through PsaR and the Resultant Impact on Virulence." Infection and Immunity 74, no. 2 (2006): 1171–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.74.2.1171-1180.2006.

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ABSTRACT The concentration of Mn2+ is 1,000-fold higher in secretions than it is at internal sites of the body, making it a potential signal by which bacteria can sense a shift from a mucosal environment to a more invasive site. PsaR, a metal-dependent regulator in Streptococcus pneumoniae, was found to negatively affect the transcription of psaBCA, pcpA, rrgA, rrgB, rrgC, srtBCD, and rlrA in the presence of Mn2+. psaBCA encode an ABC-type transporter for Mn2+. pcpA, rrgA, rrgB, and rrgC encode several outer surface proteins. srtBCD encode a cluster of sortase enzymes, and rlrA encodes a trans

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Subramaniam, Agatheeswaran, Mehrnaz Safaee Talkhoncheh, Kristijonas Zemaitis, et al. "Inhibition of Lysine-Specific Demethylase 1A (LSD1) Supports Human HSCs in Culture By Preserving Their Immature State." Blood 132, Supplement 1 (2018): 194. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2018-194.

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Abstract The molecular mechanisms that govern hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) fate decisions remain incompletely defined. It has been a long-standing goal in the field to gain a better understanding of the genes and pathways that regulate the self-renewal ability of HSCs in order to develop optimal culture conditions in which HSCs can be expanded for clinical benefit. Lysine-specific histone demethylase 1A (LSD1), also known as lysine (K)-specific demethylase 1A (KDM1A), regulates gene expression by specifically eliminating di- and mono-methyl groups on H3 lysine K4 and K9 residues. Studies in m

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Jahn, G. A., and R. P. Deis. "A possible dual regulation of prolactin release by the serotoninergic system in rats at pro-oestrus and during late pregnancy: role of ovarian hormones." Journal of Endocrinology 112, no. 3 (1987): 367–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1120367.

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ABSTRACT The effect of para-chlorophenylalanine (pCPA), an inhibitor of serotonin synthesis, on prolactin release was studied in rats on the day of pro-oestrus and at the end of pregnancy (day 19). The surges of prolactin normally seen in the afternoon of pro-oestrus in intact rats and in rats ovariectomized on dioestrous day 2 and primed with oestrogen were significantly inhibited by pCPA treatment. Administration of 5-hydroxy-tryptophan reversed the inhibitory action of pCPA on prolactin release. Treatment with progesterone also completely reversed the inhibitory effect of pCPA on prolactin

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Pappius, Hanna M., Ralph Dadoun, and Michael McHugh. "The Effect of p-Chlorophenylalanine on Cerebral Metabolism and Biogenic Amine Content of Traumatized Brain." Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism 8, no. 3 (1988): 324–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/jcbfm.1988.67.

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It was shown previously that focal cortical freezing lesions in rats cause widespread decrease in local cerebral glucose utilization (LCGU) in cortical areas of the lesioned hemisphere. This was interpreted as reflecting a depression of cortical activity. It was then demonstrated that cortical serotonin (5-HT) metabolism was increased throughout the lesioned hemisphere of a focally injured brain. To find out if the changes in the serotonergic system are of functional importance and mediate the observed changes in LCGU, the effects of the inhibition of 5-HT synthesis with p-chlorophenylalanine

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Horn, A. M., та G. Fink. "Parachlorophenylalanine blocks the spontaneous pro-oestrous surge of prolactin as well as LH and affects the secretion of oestradiol-17β". Journal of Endocrinology 104, № 3 (1985): 415–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1040415.

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ABSTRACT The effect of the 5-hydroxytryptamine synthesis inhibitor, parachlorophenylalanine (PCPA), on the spontaneous, pro-oestrous surges of prolactin and LH was investigated in conscious female rats implanted with an intra-atrial cannula. The LH surge was blocked in all animals treated with PCPA, but the prolactin surge was blocked in six out of ten animals and unaffected in four out of ten animals. There was a significant correlation between the plasma concentrations of prolactin and oestradiol-17β, surges of prolactin occurred in animals with plasma oestradiol-17β concentrations of 120 pm

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Zachár, Gergely, Gergely Vakulya, and Gyula Simon. "Bearing Estimation for Indoor Localization Systems Using Planar Circular Photodiode Arrays." Applied Sciences 10, no. 11 (2020): 3683. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10113683.

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An inexpensive bearing estimation sensor and a corresponding method has been recently proposed for indoor localization applications. The system utilizes modulated infrared LED sources as light beacons, and a planar circular photodiode array (PCPA) as sensor. The PCPA measures the light intensity of the beacons in multiple channels, from which the bearings of the beacons can be estimated using least squares (LS) method, with an accuracy in the range of 1 degree. In this paper a novel estimation method is proposed, which provides fast bearing estimates from the PCPA measurements using the freque

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Shopsin, Baron. "The clinical antidepressant effect of exogenous agmatine is not reversed by parachlorophenylalanine: a pilot study." Acta Neuropsychiatrica 25, no. 2 (2013): 113–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1601-5215.2012.00675.x.

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ObjectivesTo examine and record the clinical antidepressant effect of exogenous agmatine, an amino acid derived central glutamaergic modulator in endogenously depressed subjects. It was also the author's intention to examine the effects of parachlorophenylalanine (PCPA) in therapeutic responders to determine if serotonergic mechanisms mediate agmatine's antidepressant effect.MethodologyExogenous agmatine was ingested in doses of 2‐3mg/day by depressed subjects with Major Depresssive Disorder (MDD), clinically assessed using the 21 item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM‐D), the Clinical

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Morgan, D. A., P. Thoren, E. A. Wilczynski, R. G. Victor, and A. L. Mark. "Serotonergic mechanisms mediate renal sympathoinhibition during severe hemorrhage in rats." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 255, no. 3 (1988): H496—H502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1988.255.3.h496.

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Hemorrhage in rats produces reflex decreases in heart rate (HR) and renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA). Because serotonergic antagonists attenuate hemorrhage-induced vagal-mediated bradycardia, we determined whether blockade of serotonin synthesis by p-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA) or of serotonin receptors with methysergide would also abolish the renal sympathoinhibition. Mean arterial pressure (MAP), HR, and RSNA were recorded in chloralose-anesthetized rats pretreated with PCPA (300 mg.kg-1.day-1 X 3 days ip, n = 12) or vehicle (0.3 ml saline, n = 9). During hemorrhage, where MAP was main

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Abdul Aziz, Nurul Uyun, Samaila Musa Chiroma, Mohamad Aris Mohd Moklas, Mohd Ilham Adenan, Amin Ismail, and Mohamad Taufik Hidayat Baharuldin. "Antidepressant-Like Properties of Fish Oil on Postpartum Depression-Like Rats Model: Involvement of Serotonergic System." Brain Sciences 10, no. 10 (2020): 733. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10100733.

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Pathophysiology of postpartum depression (PPD) has been associated with many factors, such as neuroendocrine, neuroinflammation and neurotransmitter changes. Fish oil (FO) improves PPD both in humans and animals. However, little is known with regards to its pharmacology on a PPD-like rat model. Hence, the current study aimed at investigating the effects of FO on a PPD-like rat model. Female rats were induced with PPD-like symptoms and then randomly divided into six groups (n = 6) for two experimental protocols. Protocol 1 consisted of PPD-like rats (2 mL distilled water), PPD-like + FO (9 g/kg

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Jahn, G. A., and R. P. Deis. "Effect of serotonin antagonists on prolactin and progesterone secretion in rats: evidence that the stimulatory and inhibitory actions of serotonin on prolactin release may be mediated through different receptors." Journal of Endocrinology 117, no. 3 (1988): 415–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1170415.

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ABSTRACT The serotoninergic regulation of prolactin release was studied in female rats in different reproductive states using ketanserin, a specific S2 receptor blocker, ICS 205-930 ((3α-tropanyl)1H-indol-3-carboxylic acid ester), a specific S3 receptor blocker and p-chlorophenylalanine (pCPA), a serotonin synthesis inhibitor. Administration of ketanserin to pro-oestrous rats inhibited the afternoon prolactin surge; this inhibition was prevented by progesterone. On day 3 of pregnancy, pCPA or ketanserin blocked the afternoon prolactin surge, and administration of oestrogen (on day 2) and proge

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Rocchi, Angela, and Ferg Mills. "PP86 Impact Of Health Technology Assessment On Drug Price Negotiations: Canada." International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 34, S1 (2018): 98–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462318002349.

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Introduction:Subsequent to review by Canada's two central health technology assessment (HTA) agencies, confidential drug prices are negotiated by the pan-Canadian Pharmaceutical Alliance (pCPA) on behalf of public drug plans. This analysis is the first to examine characteristics of drugs considered for negotiation, and the duration of negotiations, from inception in 2011 to August 2017. The objectives were to identify how HTA recommendations impacted price negotiations, and in particular the role of health economics in the process.Methods:The dataset contained 208 drug indications from the pCP

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Nonogaki, Katsunori, and Takao Kaji. "Liraglutide, a GLP-1 Receptor Agonist, Which Decreases Hypothalamic 5-HT2A Receptor Expression, Reduces Appetite and Body Weight Independently of Serotonin Synthesis in Mice." Journal of Diabetes Research 2018 (2018): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/6482958.

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A recent report suggested that brain-derived serotonin (5-HT) is critical for maintaining weight loss induced by glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor activation in rats and that 5-HT2A receptors mediate the feeding suppression and weight loss induced by GLP-1 receptor activation. Here, we show that changes in daily food intake and body weight induced by intraperitoneal administration of liraglutide, a GLP-1 receptor agonist, over 4 days did not differ between mice treated with the tryptophan hydroxylase (Tph) inhibitor p-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA) for 3 days and mice without PCPA treatment

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Xun, L. Y., and C. S. Orser. "Purification of a Flavobacterium pentachlorophenol-induced periplasmic protein (PcpA) and nucleotide sequence of the corresponding gene (pcpA)." Journal of Bacteriology 173, no. 9 (1991): 2920–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.173.9.2920-2926.1991.

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Somfai, T., N. T. Men, H. Kaneko, et al. "62 COMPARISON OF SUGARS, COMBINATIONS OF PERMEABLE CRYOPROTECTANTS, AND EQUILIBRATION REGIMENS FOR THE SOLID SURFACE VITRIFICATION OF IMMATURE PORCINE OOCYTES." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 27, no. 1 (2015): 124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv27n1ab62.

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Cryotop and solid surface vitrification are frequently used methods for the cryopreservation of porcine oocytes. These methods differ not only in the vitrification carrier but also in the cryoprotectant (CPA) treatment including the type of sugar, permeable CPA (pCPA) combinations, and the equilibration regimen. This study compared the distinct points of CPA treatment of these 2 methods to determine the optimum CPA treatment for the solid surface vitrification of immature porcine oocytes. We vitrified and warmed follicular cumulus-oocyte complexes by our method (Somfai et al. 2014 PLoS One 9,

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Kaufman-Parks, Angela M., Alfred DeMaris, Peggy C. Giordano, Wendy D. Manning, and Monica A. Longmore. "Familial Effects on Intimate Partner Violence Perpetration Across Adolescence and Young Adulthood." Journal of Family Issues 39, no. 7 (2017): 1933–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0192513x17734586.

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Research suggests violence in the family-of-origin is a consistent predictor of later intimate partner violence (IPV). However, prior empirical studies have also demonstrated that exposure to violence does not lead deterministically to violent behaviors in young adulthood. Given that family context entails more than simply the presence or absence of abuse, additional aspects of family life warrant examination. One such aspect is the quality of the parent–child relationship. Using five waves of data from the Toledo Adolescent Relationships Study ( N = 950 respondents, 443 males and 507 females)

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Mushiake, H., T. Kodama, K. Shima, M. Yamamoto, and H. Nakahama. "Fluctuations in spontaneous discharge of hippocampal theta cells during sleep-waking states and PCPA-induced insomnia." Journal of Neurophysiology 60, no. 3 (1988): 925–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1988.60.3.925.

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1. The spontaneous activity of hippocampal theta cells in head-restrained cats was recorded during slow-wave sleep (SWS), paradoxical sleep (PS), and the attentive state of bird watching (BW). We also recorded theta cell activity during a state of insomnia with pontogeniculoocipital (PGO) waves, which was induced by the administration of p-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA), a selective inhibitor of serotonin synthesis. 2. The time-dependent structure of fluctuations in theta cell activity was evaluated by power spectral analysis and Markovian analysis. The coefficient of variation for these time seri

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Adams, C. F., N. R. Liley, and B. B. Gorzalka. "PCPA Increases Aggression in Male Firemouth Cichlids." Pharmacology 53, no. 5 (1996): 328–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000139446.

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Cooley, Jo E., Gregory A. Villarosa, Thomas W. Lombardo, Robert A. Moss, Stephen C. Fowler, and Susan Sult. "Effect of pCPA on nicotine-induced analgesia." Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior 36, no. 2 (1990): 413–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0091-3057(90)90425-h.

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Fitzgerald, R. E., R. Oettinger, and K. Bättig. "Reduction of nicotine-induced hyperactivity by pCPA." Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior 23, no. 2 (1985): 279–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0091-3057(85)90570-2.

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Paasivirta, Jaakko, Juhani Tarhanen, and Jaakko Soikkeli. "Occurence and fate of polychlorinated aromatic ethers (PCDE, PCA, PCV, PCPA and PCBA) in environment." Chemosphere 15, no. 9-12 (1986): 1429–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0045-6535(86)90421-2.

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Imeri, Luca, Susanna Bianchi, and Mauro Mancia. "Muramyl dipeptide and IL-1 effects on sleep and brain temperature after inhibition of serotonin synthesis." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 273, no. 5 (1997): R1663—R1668. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1997.273.5.r1663.

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The role of the interactions between serotonin (5-HT) and muramyl dipeptide (MDP) and interleukin-1 (IL-1) in sleep control and thermoregulation was evaluated. To this purpose, MDP and IL-1 were injected intracerebroventricularly at dark onset into freely moving rats pretreated twice intraperitoneally with para-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA) (300 mg/kg), which depletes brain 5-HT and causes insomnia. Fever and slow-wave sleep (SWS) enhancement induced by 150 pmol MDP were completely blocked in PCPA-pretreated rats. Only the first phase of the biphasic increase in SWS induced by 2.5 ng IL-1 was sup

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Price, Brian M., Adriane L. Liner, Sukjoon Park, Stephen H. Leppla, Alfred Mateczun, and Darrell R. Galloway. "Protection against Anthrax Lethal Toxin Challenge by Genetic Immunization with a Plasmid Encoding the Lethal Factor Protein." Infection and Immunity 69, no. 7 (2001): 4509–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.69.7.4509-4515.2001.

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ABSTRACT The ability of genetic vaccination to protect against a lethal challenge of anthrax toxin was evaluated. BALB/c mice were immunized via gene gun inoculation with eucaryotic expression vector plasmids encoding either a fragment of the protective antigen (PA) or a fragment of lethal factor (LF). Plasmid pCLF4 contains the N-terminal region (amino acids [aa] 10 to 254) of Bacillus anthracis LF cloned into the pCI expression plasmid. Plasmid pCPA contains a biologically active portion (aa 175 to 764) ofB. anthracis PA cloned into the pCI expression vector. One-micrometer-diameter gold par

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Verhoeven, David, Sheldon Perry, and Michael E. Pichichero. "Contributions to Protection from Streptococcus pneumoniae Infection Using the Monovalent Recombinant Protein Vaccine Candidates PcpA, PhtD, and PlyD1 in an Infant Murine Model during Challenge." Clinical and Vaccine Immunology 21, no. 8 (2014): 1037–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cvi.00052-14.

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ABSTRACTA vaccine consisting of several conserved proteins with different functions directing the pathogenesis of pneumonia and sepsis would be preferred for protection against infection byStreptococcus pneumoniae. Infants will be the major population targeted for next-generation pneumococcal vaccines. Here, we investigated the potential efficacy provided by three recombinant pneumococcal vaccine candidate proteins—pneumococcal histidine triad D (PhtD), detoxified pneumolysin derivative (PlyD1), and pneumococcal choline-binding protein A (PcpA)—for reducing pneumonia and sepsis in an infant mo

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Kloosterman, Tomas G., Robert M. Witwicki, Magdalena M. van der Kooi-Pol, Jetta J. E. Bijlsma, and Oscar P. Kuipers. "Opposite Effects of Mn2+ and Zn2+ on PsaR-Mediated Expression of the Virulence Genes pcpA, prtA, and psaBCA of Streptococcus pneumoniae." Journal of Bacteriology 190, no. 15 (2008): 5382–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.00307-08.

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ABSTRACT Homeostasis of Zn2+ and Mn2+ is important for the physiology and virulence of the human pathogen Streptococcus pneumoniae. Here, transcriptome analysis was used to determine the response of S. pneumoniae D39 to a high concentration of Zn2+. Interestingly, virulence genes encoding the choline binding protein PcpA, the extracellular serine protease PrtA, and the Mn2+ uptake system PsaBC(A) were strongly upregulated in the presence of Zn2+. Using random mutagenesis, a previously described Mn2+-responsive transcriptional repressor, PsaR, was found to mediate the observed Zn2+-dependent de

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Fuller, Nigel J., Dorothy M. Stirling, Stephen Dunnett, Gavin P. Reynolds, and Margaret Ashwell. "Decreased brown adipose tissue thermogenic activity following a reduction in brain serotonin by intraventricular p-chlorophenylalanine." Bioscience Reports 7, no. 2 (1987): 121–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01121875.

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The effects of reducing brain serotonin (5-HT) levels by means of intracerebral-ventricular injections of the tryptophan antagonist p-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA) were investigated in male rats. Six days after the operation, PCPA-treated rats, either fed ad libitum or pair-fed to the food intake of control rats, showed decreased thermogenic activity and capacity in their interscapular brown adipose tissue (BAT) and also increased fat storage in their white adipose tissue (WAT). These results indicate that serotonergic synapses might play a regulatory role in the sympathetic control of BAT thermo

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Wang, Zhen, Dong-Sheng Liu, Han-Hui Zhang, Chang-Cang Huang, Yan-Ning Cao, and Xiao-Hong Yu. "Isomorphous La, Nd, and Gd-PCPA-based polymers." Journal of Coordination Chemistry 61, no. 3 (2008): 419–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00958970701343580.

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Marks, Gerald A., and Howard P. Roffwarg. "PGO waves and insomnia in PCPA-treated rats." Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior 31, no. 3 (1988): 509–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0091-3057(88)90223-7.

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Chen, Li, Yimei Zhao, Xinyu Sun, Jun Jiang, Fengshou Wu та Kai Wang. "Synthesis, singlet oxygen generation and DNA photocleavage of β,β′-conjugated polycationic porphyrins". Journal of Porphyrins and Phthalocyanines 23, № 06 (2019): 655–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1088424619500378.

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In this paper, three [Formula: see text],[Formula: see text]-conjugated cationic porphyrin compounds were designed and synthesized. The structure of the intermediates and desired porphyrins were confirmed by UV, IR, 1H NMR, MS and elemental analysis. The interaction modes between these porphyrins and ct-DNA were studied by UV-vis spectroscopy and fluorescence emission spectroscopy. The results showed that PCP 1 had an external binding mode with DNA at low DNA concentration and could intercalate DNA with the increase of concentration. PCP 2 interacted with DNA through an external binding mode,

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Conde, GL, D. Renshaw, SL Lightman, and MS Harbuz. "Serotonin depletion does not alter lipopolysaccharide-induced activation of the rat paraventricular nucleus." Journal of Endocrinology 156, no. 2 (1998): 245–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1560245.

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We have investigated the effects of serotonin depletion on immune-mediated activation of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Corticotrophin-releasing factor (CRF) mRNA, c-fos mRNA and Fos peptide responses in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) together with circulating levels of corticosterone were assessed in response to i.p. injections of three doses of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) both in control animals and animals pretreated with p-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA). Conscious animals received either an i.p. injection of 0.5 ml saline or 200 mg/kg PCPA in 0.5 ml saline on 2 consecutive days.

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Humppi, Tarmo. "Synthesis of polychlorinated phenoxyphenols (PCPP), phenoxyanisoles (PCPA), dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDD), dibenzofurans (PCDF) and diphenyl ethers (PCDE)." Chemosphere 15, no. 9-12 (1986): 2003–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0045-6535(86)90502-3.

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Faria, Melissa, Eva Prats, Marina Bellot, Cristian Gomez-Canela, and Demetrio Raldúa. "Pharmacological Modulation of Serotonin Levels in Zebrafish Larvae: Lessons for Identifying Environmental Neurotoxicants Targeting the Serotonergic System." Toxics 9, no. 6 (2021): 118. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics9060118.

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This study examines the effects of acute pharmacological modulation of the serotonergic system over zebrafish larvae’s cognitive, basic, and defense locomotor behaviors, using a medium to high throughput screening assay. Furthermore, the relationship between behavior, enzyme activity related to neurotransmitter metabolism, neurotransmitter levels, and gene expression was also determined. Modulation of larvae serotonergic system was accomplished by 24 h exposure to single and opposite pharmacodynamics co-exposure to three model psychopharmaceuticals with antagonistic and agonistic serotonin sig

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Borges, Igor C., Dafne C. Andrade, Maria Regina A. Cardoso, et al. "Natural Development of Antibodies against Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis Protein Antigens during the First 13 Years of Life." Clinical and Vaccine Immunology 23, no. 11 (2016): 878–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cvi.00341-16.

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ABSTRACTConserved protein antigens have been investigated as vaccine candidates against respiratory pathogens. We evaluated the natural development of antibodies againstStreptococcus pneumoniae,Haemophilus influenzae, andMoraxella catarrhalisproteins during childhood. Serum samples were collected from 50 healthy children from their first months to age 13 years (median sampling interval, 6 months). We also analyzed serum samples from 24 adults. Serum IgG antibodies against eight pneumococcal proteins (Ply, CbpA, PspA 1 and 2, PcpA, PhtD, StkP-C, and PcsB-N), threeH. influenzaeproteins, and five

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Rowland, Neil E., Jonathan D. Roth, Megan R. McMullen, Aashish Patel, and Anna T. Cespedes. "Dexfenfluramine and norfenfluramine: comparison of mechanism of action in feeding and brain Fos-ir studies." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 278, no. 2 (2000): R390—R399. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.2000.278.2.r390.

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Dexfenfluramine (dF) and dexnorfenfluramine (dNF), its metabolite, are anorectic agents that release serotonin (5-HT) and may have a direct postsynaptic action. The effects on the anorectic effects of dF and dNF of either acute ( p-chlorophenylalanine, PCPA) or chronic (5,7-dihydroxytryptamine, 5,7-DHT) brain 5-HT depletions were studied in rats and compared with the actions of a 5-HT uptake inhibitor (fluoxetine) and 5-HT1B/2C receptor agonists [1-(3-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-piperazine and 1-(3-chlorophenyl) piperazine]. The anorexia caused by these agonists was enhanced in rats with 5,7-DHT l

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Mattingly, Bruce A., James E. Gotsick, and E. Brooks Applegate. "Serotonin, Septal Lesions, and Shock-Escape Learning in Rats." Psychological Reports 58, no. 1 (1986): 3–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1986.58.1.3.

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The involvement of reduced serotonin in deficient leverpress, shock-escape performance of rats with septal lesions was assessed in two studies. In Exp. 1, rats were treated with either para-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA) or saline and then tested in a leverpress, shock-escape task. In Exp. 2, rats with septal lesions and sham-operated control rats were treated daily with either 5-hydroxytryptophan (5HTP) or saline and tested on the same shock-escape task. Primary findings were as follows: (a) rats treated with PCPA learned to escape shock as quickly as saline control rats; (b) the shock-escape per

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Kaufman-Parks, Angela M., Alfred DeMaris, Peggy C. Giordano, Wendy D. Manning, and Monica A. Longmore. "Parents and partners." Journal of Social and Personal Relationships 34, no. 8 (2016): 1295–323. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0265407516676639.

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Prior work examining intimate partner violence (IPV) among young adults often has emphasized familial characteristics, such as parent–child physical aggression (PCPA), and romantic relationship dynamics, such as jealousy and controlling behaviors, but has not considered these two domains simultaneously. Likewise, research examining how these two domains affect IPV perpetration over time for young adults is still limited. Using five waves of data from the Toledo Adolescent Relationships Study ( N = 950), the present study examined the influence of parent–child relationship factors and romantic

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Yang, Y. F., and M. T. Lin. "Brain serotonin depletion attenuates diabetogenic effects of streptozotocin." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 268, no. 5 (1995): E839—E844. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.1995.268.5.e839.

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The diabetogenic effects of streptozotocin (STZ) were studied on blood glucose, plasma insulin, feeding and drinking, body weight, islet morphology, and hypothalamic serotonin (5-HT) release in vehicle-pretreated rats and in rats pretreated with either intracerebroventricular injection of 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine (5,7-DHT; a 5-HT nerve fiber depletor), intraperitoneal injection of p-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA; a tryptophan hydroxylase inhibitor), or intraperitoneal injection of p-chloroamphetamine (PCA; a neurotoxin for 5-HT nerve fiber). At four days after STZ administration, vehicle-treated ra

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Bellot, Marina, Melissa Faria, Cristian Gómez-Canela, Demetrio Raldúa, and Carlos Barata. "Pharmacological Modulation of Behaviour, Serotonin and Dopamine Levels in Daphnia magna Exposed to the Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor Deprenyl." Toxics 9, no. 8 (2021): 187. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics9080187.

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This study assessed the effects of the monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitor deprenyl in Daphnia magna locomotor activity. The mechanisms of action of deprenyl were also determined by studying the relationship between behaviour, MAO activity and neurotransmitter levels. Modulation of the D. magna monoamine system was accomplished by 24 h exposure to two model psychotropic pharmaceuticals with antagonistic and agonistic serotonin signalling properties: 10 mg/L of 4-chloro-DL-phenylalanine (PCPA) and 1 mg/L of deprenyl, respectively. Contrasting behavioural outcomes were observed for deprenyl and PC

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Hong, Jiajing, Jian Chen, Junming Kan, Mingjun Liu, and Dongyu Yang. "Effects of Acupuncture Treatment in Reducing Sleep Disorder and Gut Microbiota Alterations in PCPA-Induced Insomnia Mice." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2020 (October 29, 2020): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/3626120.

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Chronic insomnia without intervention will do harm to people’s physical and psychological health as well as the quality of life. While ensuring efficacy, traditional Chinese medicine therapy, such as acupuncture, overcomes the side effects of drugs. However, the molecular mechanism of traditional medicine is unclear and it encounters many obstacles in repetitiveness and popularization. On the other side, the placebo effects also need to be eliminated during the intervention. In this study, a number of indicators such as duration of sleep latency, serum markers, pineal gland immunohistochemistr

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Buchanan, Cathleen P., Eric M. Shrier, and Wendy L. Hill. "Time-dependent effects of PCPA on social aggression in chicks." Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior 49, no. 3 (1994): 483–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0091-3057(94)90059-0.

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