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Journal articles on the topic "PCR-us"
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Shin, H. J., G. Rajashekara, F. F. Jirjis, D. P. Shaw, S. M. Goyal, D. A. Halvorson, and K. V. Nagaraja. "Specific detection of avian pneumovirus (APV) US isolates by RT-PCR." Archives of Virology 145, no. 6 (June 20, 2000): 1239–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007050070123.
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Evans, Andrew, Patsy Whelehan, Alastair Thompson, Colin Purdie, Lee Jordan, Jane Macaskill, Shelley Waugh, Frances Fuller-Pace, Katrin Brauer, and Sarah Vinnicombe. "Prediction of Pathological Complete Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Primary Breast Cancer Comparing Interim Ultrasound, Shear Wave Elastography and MRI." Ultraschall in der Medizin - European Journal of Ultrasound 39, no. 04 (September 21, 2017): 422–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-111589.
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Abstract Background Prediction of pathological complete response (pCR) of primary breast cancer to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) may influence planned surgical approaches in the breast and axilla. The aim of this project is to assess the value of interim shear wave elastography (SWE), ultrasound (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) after 3 cycles in predicting pCR. Methods 64 patients receiving NACT had baseline and interim US, SWE and MRI examinations. The mean lesion stiffness at SWE, US and MRI diameter was measured at both time points. We compared four parameters with pCR status: a) Interim mean stiffness ≤ or > 50 kPa; b) Percentage stiffness reduction; c) Percentage US diameter reduction and d) Interim MRI response using RECIST criteria. The Chi square test was used to assess significance. Results Interim stiffness of ≤ or > 50 kPa gave the best prediction of pCR with pCR seen in 10 of 14 (71 %) cancers with an interim stiffness of ≤ 50 kPa, compared to 7 of 50 (14 %) of cancers with an interim stiffness of > 50 kPa, (p < 0.0001) (sensitivity 59 %, specificity 91 %, PPV 71 %, NPV 86 % and diagnostic accuracy 83 %). Percentage reduction in stiffness was the next best parameter (sensitivity 59 %, specificity 85 %, p < 0.0004) followed by reduction in MRI diameter of > 30 % (sensitivity 50 % and specificity 79 %, p = 0.03) and % reduction in US diameter (sensitivity 47 %, specificity 81 %, p = 0.03). Similar results were obtained from ROC analysis. Conclusion SWE stiffness of breast cancers after 3 cycles of NACT and changes in stiffness from baseline are strongly associated with pCR after 6 cycles.
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Evans, Andrew, Patsy Whelehan, Alastair Thompson, Colin Purdie, Lee Jordan, Jane Macaskill, Shelley Waugh, Frances Fuller-Pace, Katrin Brauer, and Sarah Vinnicombe. "Prediction of pathological complete response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy for primary breast cancer comparing interim ultrasound, Shear Wave elastography and MRI." Senologie - Zeitschrift für Mammadiagnostik und -therapie 15, no. 04 (December 2018): 229–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-0797-4532.
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Abstract Background Prediction of pathological complete response (pCR) of primary breast cancer to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) may influence planned surgical approaches in the breast and axilla. The aim of this project is to assess the value of interim shear wave elastography (SWE), ultrasound (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) after 3 cycles in predicting pCR. Methods 64 patients receiving NACT had baseline and interim US, SWE and MRI examinations. The mean lesion stiffness at SWE, US and MRI diameter was measured at both time points. We compared four parameters with pCR status: a) Interim mean stiffness ≤ or > 50 kPat; b) Percentage stiffness reduction; c) Percentage US diameter reduction and d) Interim MRI response using RECIST criteria. The Chi square test was used to assess significance. Results Interim stiffness of ≤ or > 50 kPat gave the best prediction of pCR with pCR seen in 10 of 14 (71 %) cancers with an interim stiffness of ≤ 50 kPat, compared to 7 of 50 (14 %) of cancers with an interim stiffness of > 50 kPat, (p < 0.0001) (sensitivity 59 %, specificity 91 %, PPV 71 %, NPV 86 % and diagnostic accuracy 83 %). Percentage reduction in stiffness was the next best parameter (sensitivity 59 %, specificity 85 %, p < 0.0004) followed by reduction in MRI diameter of > 30 % (sensitivity 50 % and specificity 79 %, p = 0.03) and % reduction in US diameter (sensitivity 47 %, specificity 81 %, p = 0.03). Similar results were obtained from ROC analysis. Conclusion SWE stiffness of breast cancers after 3 cycles of NACT and changes in stiffness from baseline are strongly associated with pCR after 6 cycles.
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Dar, Arshud M., Kathy Tune, Shirin Munir, Brundaban Panigrahy, Sagar M. Goyal, and Vivek Kapur. "PCR-Based Detection of an Emerging Avian Pneumovirus in US Turkey Flocks." Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 13, no. 3 (May 2001): 201–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/104063870101300303.
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Lee, Su Hyun, Jung Min Chang, Nariya Cho, and Woo Kyung Moon. "Shear-wave elastography in detection of residual breast cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy." Journal of Clinical Oncology 32, no. 26_suppl (September 10, 2014): 102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2014.32.26_suppl.102.
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102 Background: To evaluate the accuracy of shear-wave elastography (SWE) in detecting residual cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Methods: This retrospective study was approved by our institutional review board and the requirement for written informed consent was waived. From January 2012 to February 2013, 71 women with stage II-III invasive breast cancers who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy and were imaged with B-mode ultrasonography (US), SWE, and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging before surgery were included. Presence of residual cancer was evaluated and categorized according to the morphology on preoperative B-mode US and MR imaging. Quantitative elasticity values (maximum kPa) were acquired for primary lesions depicted on US. Pathological complete response (pCR) was defined as no residual invasive cancer cells. The quantitative SWE values were compared between the pCR and non-pCR group using independent samples t-test. The areas under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC), sensitivities, and specificities of B-mode US, MR, and SWE for detecting residual cancer were compared, with histopathologic examination as the reference standard. Results: Of the 71 women, 15 (21%) achieved pCR. The mean size of residual invasive cancers was 2.2 cm (range 0.1-6.4 cm).The maximum SWE value was significantly higher in the non-pCR group (mean, 122.9 kPa) than in the pCR group (30.6 kPa) (P < 0.001). The AUC of SWE for detecting residual cancer (0.893) was higher than that of B-mode US (0.684) (P = 0.001) and comparable to that of MR (0.884) (P = 0.825). The optimal cut-off value, yielding the maximal sum of sensitivity and specificity, was 98.1 kPa, and the sensitivity and specificity of SWE at that cut-off value were 66% (37 of 56) and 100% (15 of 15). When SWE was added to B-mode US, the AUC value was significantly increased to 0.830 (P = 0.039). Conclusions: SWE was accurate in the detection of residual cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. When SWE was combined with B-mode US, the accuracy was significantly improved.
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Voit, C. A., G. Schaefer, A. Schoengen, A. C. Akkooi, A. M. Eggermont, J. Rademaker, A. Lukowsky, M. Schwuerzer, W. Sterry, and M. Kron. "Ultrasound (US) and US-guided fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) prior to sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) in melanoma patients: Accuracy of US-FNAC and lack of further improvement by RT-PCR of the aspirate." Journal of Clinical Oncology 24, no. 18_suppl (June 20, 2006): 8059. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2006.24.18_suppl.8059.
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8059 Background: We have previously shown that US guided FNAC identifies positive SNs prior to SLND in 19% of cases (Voit et al., Ann Surg Oncol: 2006, in press). Originally, in this prospective study, we had tested the feasibility of in vivo US as screening tool and FNAC for verification of sentinel nodes (SN) prior to SLNB. Here we report the results of tyrosinase RT-PCR examinations of SNs aspirated pre-SLNB and of post-SLNB FNAC of the excised SN. Additionally, pts were followed up by blood sample tyrosinase RT-PCR at regular intervals. Methods: Between 7/2001 and 7/2003, 127 AJCC staged melanoma pts with a median tumor thickness of 2.1mm [0.4–18] underwent a FNAC to verify SN detected by US. Follow-up data are updated until 1/1/2006 (mean/median FU 29/31 (0 - 51) months). In 127 pts 141 SNs have been excised. SN involvement was predicted with a combined sensitivity for US with FNAC of 82% [65–93%] and a specificity of 72% [62–81%]. 19 patients already identified as SN+ by US guided FNAC reduced the need for the SLNB procedure in 16% (19/121). SN Size pre- and post-SLNB was measured by US. Results: US identified the SN in 121/141 (86%). None of the 20 SNs not identified by US were malignant. Median pre-SLNB SN size was 842 mm3 [35–107,272], median post-SLNB SN size was 714 mm³ [32–13,409]. Pre- and post-SLNB SN sizes were virtually identical. 34/121 SNs were histologically malignant. In 7/34 no measurements were made for various reasons. In 27 SNs histological patterns of involvement were examined. 10/27 showed solitary nests in subcapsular/parenchymal or combined localization. 17/27 SN were involved by multiple nests. RT-PCR of the aspirate of SNs was confirmative pos. in 11/27 and false neg. in 16/27. Size analyses of the lesions showed an av. 2.8 mm2 (median 0.5 [0.005–32.0]) in the false neg. pop. and 28.5 mm2 (median 20 [0.003–80.0]) in the confirmative pos. pop. Blood RT-PCR as well as DFS and OS will be updated and provided at the meeting. Conclusions: US guided FNAC is highly accurate. Additional RT-PCR of the aspirate does not further enhance SN pos. identification rate. US-FNAC can reduce the need of SLNB in 16% of patients. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Voit, Christiane A., Gregor Schäfer-Hesterberg, Martina Kron, Alexander C. J. van Akkooi, Juergen Rademaker, Ansgar Lukowsky, Alfred Schoengen, et al. "Impact of Molecular Staging Methods in Primary Melanoma: Reverse-Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) of Ultrasound-Guided Aspirate of the Sentinel Node Does Not Improve Diagnostic Accuracy, But RT-PCR of Peripheral Blood Does Predict Survival." Journal of Clinical Oncology 26, no. 35 (December 10, 2008): 5742–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2007.13.7653.
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Purpose This study analyzes (1) the value of tyrosinase reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) of aspirates obtained by ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration cytology (US-FNAC) of sentinel nodes (SNs) in patients with melanoma before sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) and (2) the value of RT-PCR of blood samples of all SLNB patients. Patients and Methods Between 2001 and 2003, 127 patients with melanoma (median Breslow depth, 2.1 mm) underwent SLNB. FNAC was performed in all SNs of all patients pre- and post-SLNB. The aspirates were partly shock-frozen for RT-PCR and were partly used for standard cytology. Peripheral blood was collected at the time of SLNB and at every outpatient visit thereafter. Results Thirty-four (23%) of 120 SNs were positive for melanoma. SN involvement was predicted by US-FNAC with a sensitivity of 82% and a specificity of 72%. Additional tyrosinase RT-PCR revealed the same sensitivity of 82% and a specificity of 72%. At a median follow-up time of 40 months from first blood sample, peripheral-blood RT-PCR was a significant independent predictor of disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS; P < .001). Conclusion US-FNAC is highly accurate and eliminates the need for SLNB in 16% of all SLNB patients. RT-PCR of the aspirate or excised SN does not improve sensitivity or specificity. RT-PCR of blood samples predicts DFS and OS.
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Alberto Menezes, Carlos, Giovanna Lúcia Oliveira Bonina Costa, Rafael Ferreira Barreto, and Victória Santos Oliveira. "Proteína C reativa importante biomarcador de risco cardiometabólico na obesidade infanto-juvenil." Saúde Coletiva (Barueri) 11, no. 65 (June 4, 2021): 5882–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.36489/saudecoletiva.2021v11i65p5882-5895.
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Estabelecer a importância da avaliação da proteína C reativa ultrassensível (PCR-us) como biomarcador em um grupo pediátrico obeso, detectando precocemente possíveis complicações cardiometabólicas. Trata-se de estudo caso-controle envolvendo 342 crianças e adolescentes, do Serviço de Medicina Preventiva, Aracaju-Sergipe, Brasil. Participaram do estudo 235 obesos e 107 controles. A PCR-us apresentou valor médio de 2,36 ± 1,28 mg/dL no grupo obeso e 0,01 ± 0,1 mg/dL no grupo controle. Observou-se correlação significativa do aumento de PCR-us no grupo obeso com achados bioquímicos e antropométricos como: redução do HDL, elevação de triglicérides e com os maiores indicadores de índice de massa corporal e da circunferência abdominal. A homocisteína demonstrou ser um biomarcador pouco especifico neste estudo. Portanto, a proteína C reativa ultrassensível demonstrou ser um biomarcador de risco cardiometabólico, apresentando alta sensibilidade em nossa população pediátrica com obesidade.
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CASTRO, Kamila Almeida de, and Eliene da Silva Martins VIANA. "Avaliação da proteína C reativa ultrassensível em ratos diabéticos tratados com resveratrol." Revista Eletrônica Científica da UERGS 4, no. 1 (April 13, 2018): 03–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.21674/2448-0479.41.03-16.
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Pesquisas têm demonstrado o importante papel do resveratrol, na prevenção de doenças, principalmente aquelas ligadas ao sistema cardiovascular. Este estudo teve como objetivo a avaliação da ação do resveratrol sobre a PCR-us e a variação da glicemia em ratos diabéticos. No estudo foram utilizados 24 ratos machos, Wistar, adultos e divididos em 4 grupos: 1: Controle: Animais saudáveis, sem nenhum tratamento especial; 2: Animais diabéticos não tratados; 3: Animais diabéticos tratados com hipoglicemiante (Glibenclamida) e 4: Animais diabéticos tratados com Resveratrol. Observou-se que o grupo de animais diabéticos não tratados apresentou uma perda de peso 41,90% em relação ao seu peso inicial. Embora os níveis glicêmicos dos animais tratados com resveratrol não terem diminuído na mesma proporção que o grupo tratado com glibenclamida, representou, ao final do experimento, uma redução positiva da PCR-us. Como os estudos ainda são escassos na literatura, relacionando a ação do resveratrol sobre a PCR-us, faz-se necessário mais pesquisas.
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Bando, H., M. Ishii, E. Tohno, and E. Ueno. "Real-time ultrasound elastography for monitoring tumor response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in primary breast cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 25, no. 18_suppl (June 20, 2007): 14023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.14023.
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14023 Background: Response to neoadjuvant treatment is vital to predict a patient’s long-term survival. Precise detection of residual tumor cells after neoadjuvant chemotherapy would allow a better cosmetic results avoiding over surgery and reduce second operation due to positive margin status. Moreover, accurate prediction of pathological CR will yield no surgical intervention in certain population. Recently, a new generation of ultrasound platforms with real-time freehand elastography that enables the imaging of elasticity of the lesion by using the extended combined autocorrelation method (CAM) has become available. We are currently applying this technology to our patients with primary breast cancer in an attempt to assess response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in comparison with MRI, conventional ultrasound and pathological findings. Methods: A total of 38 patients with primary breast cancer who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy and following surgical resection From May 2005 to Dec 2006 were included in this study. Board certified radiologists assessed the tumor response by MRI, US and US Elastography prior to surgery. Positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) for pathological CR (pCR) was assessed. Tsukuba Elastography score was applied for the assessment of Elastography. Results: 11/38 patients (28.9%) achieved a pCR in breast to neoadjuvant chemotherapy while no patients demonstrated progressive disease. The PPV for pCR of MRI and US was 54.5% and 36.3% respectively. The NPV of MRI and US was both 90.9%. None of the residual tumor mass with score 4 or 5 cases diagnosed by Elastography achieved pCR. When residual tumor image was detected by US, pCR was present in all 4 cases with score 1 or 2 Elatography. If the cut-off line is determined between score 3 and 4, the PPV and NPV for pCR by Elastography was 100% and 66.6% respectively. Conclusions: Elastography is easy to perform and it can provide an inexpensive, non-invasive, real-time tool for assessment of response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy among patients with primary breast cancer. In particular, Elastography might more effectively diagnose pathological CR. More patients are needed to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of this new technology. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "PCR-us"
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Castro, Vania Penha Pinto. "Comparação interlaboratorial entre metodologias e estabilidade da amostra na dosagem do perfil lipídico e PCR-US." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2015. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=8432.
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Segundo O`Kane et al, em 2008, foi demonstrado que 88,9% dos erros laboratoriais são realizados na fase pré-analítica. No laboratório de análises clínicas, o sistema de controle da qualidade pode ser definido como toda a ação sistemática necessária para dar confiança e segurança em todos os exames e prevenir a ocorrência de erros. O tempo de armazenamento pode variar de dias a meses ou mesmo anos, influenciando na definição da temperatura de estocagem. O armazenamento de longo prazo pode resultar na criopreservação inadequada para determinados analitos e pode desnaturar as lipoproteínas. Objetivos: Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a fase pré-analítica, controle da qualidade interno e também avaliar o efeito do congelamento (- 80C) quanto ao tempo de armazenamento do soro e plasma de sangue colhido com ácido etilenodiamino tetra-acético (EDTA). As dosagens foram realizadas no Laboratório de Lípides LabLip, e estocadas em - 80 C por três anos, as mesmas foram redosadas no Serviço de Patologia Clínica da Policlínica Piquet Carneiro da UERJ com metodologias iguais e realizada a comparabilidade dos resultados. Foram analisados o perfil lipídico (CT, HDLc e TG) e PCR-US de 103 amostras, 73 no soro e 30 no plasma em dois laboratórios altamente qualificados. Discussão: Após redosagem foram encontrados nas dosagens de HDLc e CT resultados diminuídos respectivamente (correlação coeficiente no soro 0,48 e 0,62) teste t pareado no soro (CT p 0,0012 e HDLc p 0,0001). Conclusões: Os dados obtidos nas avaliações dos resultados de diferentes laboratórios e tempo de estocagem revelaram que as amostras quando armazenadas por um longo período após redosagem no soro, apresentaram diferenças em certos analitos, tais como CT e HDLc, no qual obteve-se resultados significativamente diminuídos, diferentemente no plasma, que após três anos de estocagem a -80C foram redosados e aplicados no teste t pareado, os analitos CT e PCR-US mantiveram a estabilidade.According O`Kane et al in 2008, it was demonstrated that 88.9% of the laboratory errors are made in the pre-analytical phase. In the clinical laboratory, quality control system can be defined as any systematic action needed to give confidence and security in all examinations and prevent the occurrence of errors. The storage time can vary from days to months or even years, influencing the definition of storage temperature. The long-term storage can result in inadequate cryopreservation for certain analytes can denature and lipoproteins. This study aimed to evaluate the pre-analytical phase, internal quality control and also evaluate the effect of freezing (- 80 C) and the serum storage time and plasma blood collected with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) . The measurements were performed in Lipids Laboratory - LabLip, and stored in - 80 C for three years, they were re-dosed at the Clinical Pathology Department of Polyclinic Piquet Carneiro da UERJ with the same methodologies and held the comparability of results. We analyzed the lipid profile (TC, HDL-C and TG) and hsCRP 103 samples, 73 serum and 30 plasma in two highly qualified laboratories. After redosagem were found in dosages of HDL-C and CT results decreased respectively (correlation coefficient serum 0.48 and 0.62) paired t test serum (CT p 0.0012 and HDLc p 0.0001). The data obtained in the evaluation of results of different laboratories and storage time showed that the samples kept for a long period after redosagem serum, showed differences in certain analytes, such as CT and HDLc, which gave results significantly decreased, unlike in the plasma, which after three years of storage at -80 C were applied in redosados and paired t-test analytes CT and hsCRP maintained stability.
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Suassuna, Paulo Giovanni de Albuquerque. "Efeito de baixas doses de sinvastatina sobre marcadores inflamatórios e nutricionais de pacientes em hemodiálise." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2007. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/3206.
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INTRODUÇÃO: Os fatores de risco cardiovasculares tradicionais e os relacionados à Doença Renal Crônica contribuem para a alta taxa de mortalidade cardiovascular na população em diálise. A coexistência nesta população de desnutrição, inflamação, aterosclerose, anemia e calcificação vascular têm enorme impacto na sobrevida dos pacientes. Como na população geral, as estatinas reduzem a mortalidade geral e cardiovascular na população em diálise através da redução lipídica e seus efeitos pleiotrópicos, destacadamente a capacidade de reduzir a resposta inflamatória crônica destes pacientes, evidenciada pela redução dos níveis de Proteína CReativa ultra-sensível (PCR-us). O grupo de pacientes em hemodiálise com baixo LDL-colesterol (LDL-c), níveis elevados de PCR-us e anemia apresentam alto risco cardiovascular e ainda não existem evidências definitivas de benefício com uso de estatinas. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a eficácia de uma baixa dose de sinvastatina que visa apenas efeitos pleiotrópicos em comparação com uma dose padrão na redução da resposta inflamatória evidenciada pelos níveis de PCR-us, parâmetros hematimétricos, resistência à eritropoetina (IR-EPO), índice de massa corpóreo (IMC) e escore de inflamação-desnutrição (MIS). MÉTODO: Quarenta e dois pacientes estáveis em hemodiálise há mais de seis meses, maiores de 18 anos e sem evidência de processos inflamatórios foram divididos segundo os níveis de LDL-c. Os pacientes com LDL-c<100mg/dl receberam apenas 20mg de sinvastatina após hemodiálise (HD) (grupo-1), enquanto os pacientes com LDL-c>100mg/dl (grupo-2) receberam 20mg/dia durante oito semanas. Antes e após o tratamento foram medidos os níveis de PCR-us, hemoglobina (Hb), hematócrito (Hct) e calculado o IR-EPO, IMC e MIS. Os dados foram analisados com o programa estatístico SPSS. Foi considerado significante p<0.05. RESULTADOS: Houve redução significativa dos níveis de LDL-c e PCR-us em ambos os grupos, sendo a redução do LDL-c significantemente maior no grupo-2 (16,26±17,51% vs 37,73±11,73%, p<0,0001) enquanto a redução da PCR-us foi equivalente em ambos os grupos (35,97±49,23% vs 38,32±32,69%, p=0,86). Houve também queda da IR-EPO e melhora dos parâmetros hematimétricos. Não houve mudança no IMC ou MIS. CONCLUSÃO: A baixa dose de sinvastatina mostrou-se tão eficaz quando a dose usual em reduzir os níveis de PCR-us, a IR-EPO e melhorar os parâmetros hematimétricos, apontando para uma importante redução do risco cardiovascular nestes pacientes.
BACKGROUND: The traditional cardiovascular risk factors and the Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) related risk factors contribute to the extremely high rate of cardiovascular mortality seems in dialysis population. The coexistence of malnutrition, inflammation, accelerated atherosclerosis, vascular calcification and anemia has an enormous impact in the life span of these patients. As in the general population, statins reduce cardiovascular mortality in dialysis population through lipid lowering and its pleiotropic effects, mainly by the chronic inflammatory process reduction capacity, shown up by the high-sensitive C-reactive protein levels (CRP-hs) reduction. The group of dialysis patients with low LDL-cholesterol (LDL-c), elevated CRP-hs levels and anemia present the highest cardiovascular risk and there are no definite evidences of benefit with statins use. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of a low dose of simvastatin that aims only pleiotropic effects in comparison with a standard dose in CRP-hs levels reduction, hematimetric parameters, erythropoietin resistance (EPO-RI), body mass index (BMI) and inflammation score (MIS). METHODS: Forty-two stable dialysis patients with more than six months on maintenance dialysis program, with more than 18 years old and without inflammation evidence were divided based on LDL-c basal levels. The patients with LDL-c <100mg/dl received only 20mg of simvastatin after hemodialysis session (HD) (group-1), while the patients with LDL-c >100mg/dl (group-2) received 20mg/day during eight weeks follow-up phase. Before and after the statin use, the CRP-hs levels and hematimetric parameters was measured and calculated the EPO-RI, BMI and MIS. The data were analyzed with the SPSS statistic program, through. Was considered significant p<0.05. RESULTS: We found a significant reduction of LDL-c and CRP-hs levels in both groups, but the LDL-c levels reduction was significantly bigger in group-2 (16,26±17,51% vs 37,73±11,73%, p<0,0001) while the PCR-hs levels reduction was equivalent in both groups (35,97±49,23% vs 38,32±32,69%, p=0,86). Lowering of EPO-RI and improvement of hematimetric parameters were also observed. There were no changes in BMI or MIS. CONCLUSION: The pleiotropic dose showed itself as efficient as the usual dose in CRP-hs levels, EPO-RI reduction and improvement of hematimetric parameters, showing an important cardiovascular risk reduction in these patients.
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Queiroz, Francisca Andrade de. "Detecção e genotipagem do papilomavírus humano em mulheres com citologia indeterminada (asc-us) e lesão intraepitelial cervical de baixo grau (lsil)." Universidade Federal do Amazonas, 2012. http://tede.ufam.edu.br/handle/tede/2224.
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Previous issue date: 2012-06-27The human papillomavirus (HPV) is recognized as a major risk factor related to cervical cancer. The identification of HPV types of high risk can aid in the prevention of malignant lesions of the cervix. This study aims to determine and genotype HPV in women with a cytological result of ASC-US and LSIL. This is a cross-sectional study with an analytical component in women attended the Fundação Alfredo da Matta - FUAM. The patients were selected from the file examination of the Laboratory of Cytology of FUAM from January 2009 to July 2011 and requested to attend the DST clinic through active search in order to make a new collection of material for revaluation cytological, molecular detection and genotyping of HPV. Molecular detection was performed by Nested-PCR targeting the L1 region of the viral capsid. PCR products were analyzed on an agarose gel. Out of 100 patients selected, 70% (70/100) participated in the study, 34 of them had the cytological result of ASC-US and LSIL of 36. After reevaluation cytological 8 (11.4%) patients had cytology within normal limits, 33 (47.2%) inflammatory cytology, 22 (31.4%) ASC-US, 6 (8.6%) LSIL, 1 (1.4%) HSIL. HPV was identified in 28.6% (20/70) of the samples. Of the 20 patients HPV DNA-positive 1 had cytology within normal limits, 6 inflammatory cytology, 10 ASC-US and 2 LSIL and 1 HSIL. After the genotyping were identified the following HPV types 6, 16, 58, 61, 70, 83, 84 and 85. The most prevalent HPV 25% was HPV 58. The presence of HPV high-risk oncogenic stresses the importance of actions aimed at preventing the transmission of this virus and tracking of diseases in the city of Manaus.
O Papillomavírus humano (HPV) é reconhecido como o principal fator de risco relacionado do câncer cervical. A identificação de tipos de HPV de alto risco pode auxiliar na prevenção de lesões malignas do colo do útero. Este estudo tem como objetivo determinar e genotipar o HPV em mulheres com resultado citológico de Lesão Intraepitelial de Baixo grau (LSIL) e Células Escamosas Atípicas Significado Indeterminado (ASC-US). Trata-se de um estudo de corte transversal com componente analítico em mulheres atendidas na Fundação Alfredo da Matta - FUAM. As pacientes foram selecionadas a partir do arquivo de exames do Laboratório de Citologia da FUAM no período de janeiro de 2009 a julho de 2011 e solicitadas a comparecer ao ambulatório de DST por meio de busca ativa, a fim de fazer uma nova coleta de material para reavaliação citológica, detecção molecular e genotipagem do HPV. A detecção molecular foi realizada pela técnica de Nested-PCR tendo como alvo a região L1 do capsídeo viral. Os produtos da PCR foram analisados em gel de agarose. Do total de 100 pacientes selecionadas, 70% (70/100) participaram do estudo, sendo que 34 delas tinham resultado citológico de ASC-US e 36 de LSIL. Após reavaliação citológica 8(11,4%) pacientes apresentaram citologia dentro dos limites da normalidade, 33(47,2%) citologia inflamatória, 22(31,4) ASC-US, 6(8,6%) LSIL, 1(1,4%) HSIL. O HPV foi identificado em 28,6% (20/70) das amostras examinadas. Das 20 pacientes HPV-DNA positivas 1 caso apresentou citologia dentro do limite da normalidade, 6 citologia inflamatória, 10 ASC-US, 2 LSIL e 1 caso apresentou HSIL. Após a genotipagem foram identificados os seguintes tipos de HPV: 6, 16, 58, 61, 70, 83, 84 e 85. O HPV mais prevalente com 5 casos em 20 positivos foi o HPV 58. A presença do HPV de alto risco oncogênico destaca a importância de ações voltadas para a prevenção na transmissão desse vírus e no rastreamento das doenças relacionadas, na cidade de Manaus.
Book chapters on the topic "PCR-us"
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Erlich, Henry. "In the Beginning." In Silent Witness, 15–33. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190909444.003.0002.
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Chapter 1 reviews the history of DNA analysis for individual identification in criminal cases. The principles underlying Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and their application in the first cases in the US and the UK in the mid-‘80s are discussed. The differences between these two DNA technologies (RFLP and PCR) are discussed and the evolution of new PCR-based genotyping methods for analyzing length and sequence polymorphisms is reviewed. The first DNA exoneration, which used the PCR-based HLA-DQ alpha test, is discussed in the context of exclusionary and inclusionary DNA results. The statistical issues involved in interpreting a match (inclusion) between the genetic profile of the evidence and the reference samples by calculating the Random Match Probability metric is discussed. Finally, the contentious history of the debate about the admissibility of DNA results in the courtroom, known as the “DNA Wars” is reviewed.
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Kabbara, Sami, Neil Kelkar, Mandi D. Conway, and Gholam A. Peyman. "Endogenous Endophthalmitis: Etiology and Treatment." In Eye Infections - Recent Advances in Diagnosis and Treatment [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.96766.
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This chapter comprehensively covers all aspects of endogenous endophthalmitis from systemic infectious agents, with an emphasis on reported and newer etiologies to broaden the diagnostic and investigative acumen of treating ophthalmic providers. The discussion includes the etiology of metastatic endophthalmitis and diagnostic investigations, including polymerase chain reaction (PCR), for identification of bacterial and viral infections involving the eye in both immunosuppressed in non-immunosuppressed patients. Additionally, we present clinical and diagnostic findings of fungal infections, protozoal infections, and helminthic infections. Pediatric cases are also reported and etiologies described. We discuss both etiology and diagnostic challenges. Current therapeutic modalities and outcomes are reviewed. While no two cases of metastatic endophthalmitis are the same, some similarities may exist that allow us to generalize how to approach and treat this potentially sight- and life-threatening spectrum of diseases and find the underlying systemic cause.
Conference papers on the topic "PCR-us"
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Seth, Sahil, Gaiane M. Rauch, Beatriz Adrada, Helen Piwnica-Worms, Lei Hou, Alastair M. Thompson, William F. Symmans, et al. "Abstract PD9-05: A tiered algorithm using mid-therapy ultrasound (US) response assessment and a novel gene expression signature (GES) improves the prediction of pathologic complete response (pCR) to neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC): Results from the ARTEMIS trial (NCT02276443)." In Abstracts: 2020 San Antonio Breast Cancer Virtual Symposium; December 8-11, 2020; San Antonio, Texas. American Association for Cancer Research, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs20-pd9-05.
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Nguyen, Thien Duy, John Craig Wells, Paritosh Mokhasi, and Dietmar Rempfer. "POD-Based Estimations of the Flowfield From PIV Wall Gradient Measurements in the Backward-Facing Step Flow." In ASME 2010 3rd Joint US-European Fluids Engineering Summer Meeting collocated with 8th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm-icnmm2010-30657.
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In this paper, particle image velocimetry (PIV) results from a backward-facing step flow, of which Reynolds number is 2800 based on free stream velocity and step height (h = 16.5 mm), are used to demonstrate the capability of proper orthogonal decomposition (POD)-based estimation models. Three-component PIV velocity fields are decomposed into a set of spatial basis functions and a set of temporal coefficients. The estimation models are built to relate the low-order POD coefficients, determined from an ensemble of 1050 PIV fields by the “snapshot” method, and the time-resolved wall gradients, measured by a near-wall measurement technique called stereo interfacial PIV. These models are evaluated in terms of reconstruction and prediction of the low-order temporal POD coefficients of the velocity fields. In order to determine the coefficients of the estimation models, linear stochastic estimation (LSE), quadratic stochastic estimation (QSE), principal component regression (PCR) and kernel ridge regression (KRR) are applied. In addition, we introduce a possibility of multi-time POD-based estimations in which past and future information of the wall gradient events is used separately or combined. The results show that the multi-time estimation approaches can improve the prediction process. Among these approaches, the proposed multi-time KRR-POD estimation with optimized time duration of wall gradient information in the past yields the best prediction.
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Ritzi-Lehnert, Marion, Jan Claussen, Eva Schaeffer, Ole Wiborg, Isabell Wick, Klaus S. Drese, Ralf Himmelreich, et al. "New Lab-on-a-Chip System for Infectious Disease Analysis." In ASME 2010 8th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels collocated with 3rd Joint US-European Fluids Engineering Summer Meeting. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm-icnmm2010-31048.
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Early diagnosis followed by personalised efficient therapy of infectious diseases (e.g. respiratory diseases, meningitis, sepsis) can lead to considerable reduction of costs in health care. Point-of-care testing (POCT) can provide early detection since this kind of decentralised analysis can be done by unskilled personnel at any time. Other advantages of automated miniaturised Lab-on-a-Chip systems (LoC) are reduction of time and reagents, elimination of cross-contamination and enhanced reproducibility due to enhanced process control. Such Lab-on-a-Chip systems will establish themselves on market only when sensitivity and specificity meet clinical requirements. An integrated cost-efficient lab-on-a-chip system is presented which allows performing all diagnostic process steps for pathogen analysis of respiratory viruses from nasopharyngeal samples. The microfluidic disposable chip comprises structures for lysis of nasopharyngeal swab samples, preparation of total nucleic acids using magnetic silica beads, reverse transcription followed by QIAplex PCR technology and labelling of the nucleic acids by hybridisation with LiquiChip Beads and streptavidin-R-phycoerythrin. Labelled target sequences are transferred for analysis into a QIAGEN LiquiChip 200 workstation. The core of the instrument is a construction based on rotating heating bars allowing for fast cycling. All chemicals needed for performing of 24 analyses are either stored freeze-dried on the single-use disposable microfluidic chip (processing cartridge) or as liquids in a separate reagent cartridge. After introducing the sample into the lysis chamber of the microfluidic chip and inserting the chip into the device all steps are done automatically. To realise these steps, fluidic control in terms of light barriers and turning valves are integrated into the injection moulded disposable chip. This includes metering structures as well as magnetic stir bars for mixing. The functionality was proven by direct comparison of samples processed manually vs. automatically using the “ResPlex Panel II” for detection of respiratory viruses from nasopharyngeal samples. The efficiency of the automated LoC system yields at about 30–60% as compared to the manually performed reference experiments. Comparing the performance of the instrument with commercially available kits and nucleic acid preparation devices showed slightly weaker but clearly positive final signal intensities obtained from the prototype device even without protocol optimization.