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Duclot, Florian. "Rôle de l'acétyltransférase PCAF dans la plasticité cérébrale physiologique et pathologique : analyse de souris PCAF knock-out." Montpellier 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009MON20244.
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Cautain, Satia. "Etude des mécanismes d'usure en oxygène liquide." Thesis, Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ECAP0012/document.
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L’oxygène liquide est utilisé principalement dans le domaine de la propulsion spatiale et la connaissance des mécanismes d’usure dans cet environnement est donc indispensable pour le développement des différents moteurs. Ce domaine est mal connu car l’oxygène liquide est un des rares fluides à associer trois propriétés spécifiques pouvant influencer les mécanismes du contact. Ces trois propriétés tribologiques spécifiques sont l’état liquide, la réactivité et la température cryogénique. Une campagne d’essais a été réalisée dans le cadre du projet européen In Space Propulsion-1 (ISP-1) afin d’identifier l’influence de chacune de ces propriétés sur un contact PCTFE/métal. Plusieurs comportements ont ainsi été explicités. D’abord, la présence de lubrification limite a été mise en évidence dans le cas d’un contact en azote liquide. Ensuite,la rugosité de la piste s’est révélé un paramètre fortement influent sur l’usure, les frottements ainsi que sur la formation d’un film de transfert de PCTFE sur le disque. Ce transfert de PCTFE a une grande influence sur le contact. Son épaisseur ainsi que sa régularité influencent directement les mécanismes du contact et plus particulièrement l’usure. Enfin, ces films de transfert se forment rapidement et leur épaisseur augmente avec la distance de glissement, changeant ainsi la vitesse d’usure. Tous ces mécanismes sont très dépendants de la température de surface au niveau du contact qui peut modifier les paramètres des matériaux. L’étude a donc été complétée en comparant une évaluation théorique de la température de surface avec une extrapolation de cette même température à partir des données mesurées dans le pion pendant la réalisation des essaisLiquid oxygen is mainly used for space propulsion. The knowledge of the wear mechanisms in this environment is therefore essential for the development of the engines. Wear mechanisms in liquid oxygen are not well known because liquid oxygen is one of the few fluids combining three tribological properties that can influence contact mechanisms. These three specific tribological properties are the liquid state, the reactivity and the cryogenic temperature. A test campaign was performed in the frame of the European project In Space Propulsion-1 (ISP-1) to identify the influence of each one of these properties on the PCTFE/metal contact. Several behaviors have been explained. First, boundary lubrication has been demonstrated for contactin liquid nitrogen. Then, we confirmed that disk roughness was greatly affecting wear, friction and PCTFE transfer film formation on the disk. This PCTFE transfer film has a great influence on the contact properties. Its thickness and its regularity directly influence contact mechanisms, especially wear. Finally, the transfer film is easily formed and the thickness increases with the sliding distance, thereby changing the wear rate. All these mechanisms are highly dependent on the surface temperature at the contact interface, which can modify the materials parameters.The study was completed by comparing a theoretical evaluation of the surface temperature with an extrapolation of this same temperature from the measured data in the pin during the experiments
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Yang, Yun. "Temperature dependent PCDD/PCDF product distributions from phenols." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/20182.
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Mateo, González Francesca. "Regulació del complex ciclina A-CDK2 per l'acetilasa PCAF." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/914.
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Els complexes ciclina-CDK són elements clau perquè el cicle cel·lular es doni de manera ordenada. Estan regulats a diferents nivells ja que les seves funcions són essencials per a la correcta progressió del cicle. El primer nivell de regulació és la interacció entre la ciclina i la CDK. En segon lloc, aquestes proteïnes poden experimentar fosforilacions i defosforilacions activadores i inhibidores. En tercer lloc, aquests complexes poden ser inhibits per la interacció amb CKIs (CDK Inhibitors). Finalment, la localització subcel·lular també és una manera de regular l'activitat d'aquests complexes, ja que només són actius al nucli de la cèl·lula.En aquest treball presentem un nou mecanisme de regulació dels complexes ciclina-CDK. Concretament hem observat que els membres del complex ciclina A-CDK2 interaccionen amb l'acetilasa PCAF. Aquesta proteïna ha estat generalment considerada com a un co-activador transcripcional gràcies a la seva capacitat d'acetilar histones i activar la transcripció gènica. Tanmateix, també s'ha vist que és capaç d'acetilar proteïnes no-histones com ara p53 o MyoD, i com a conseqüència està implicada en altres funcions cel·lulars com la diferenciació o la resposta a dany al DNA. L'acetilasa PCAF s'uneix al complex ciclina A-CDK2 tot inhibint la seva activitat quinasa. A més, acetila la ciclina A, cosa que comporta la seva degradació pel sistema ubiquitina-proteasoma. PCAF també acetila CDK2 a la lisina 33, la qual es troba molt conservada a la família de les CDKs, ja que és un aminoàcid crucial per a la interacció amb l'ATP. L'acetilació de CDK2 a la lisina 33 comporta la inhibició de la seva activitat quinasa i la seva separació de la ciclina A.
En conclusió, els resultats d'aquesta tesi aporten un nou nivell de regulació dels complexes ciclina-CDK desconegut fins ara, i que cal tenir en compte com a possible mecanisme d'acció dels fàrmacs basats en compostos inhibidors de deacetilases els quals, d'altra banda, estan donant bons resultats en el tractament de malalties hematològiques i tumors sòlids.
"REGULATION OF CYCLIN A-CDK2 COMPLEX BY ACETYLATION"
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Cell cycle proteins are regulated in different ways, being phosphorylation one of the most important and more studied mechanisms of regulation. On the other hand, acetylation is another kind of post-translational modification that was discovered in histones and initially it was associated with transcriptionally active chromatin. However, different studies indicate that acetylation can also play a role in the regulation of non-histone proteins and it has been linked to oncogenesis and cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases.
In this work we report that cyclin A/cdk2 complex, which is crucial for cell cycle progression during S phase, is acetylated by the acetyltransferase P/CAF. Cyclin A directly interacts with P/CAF and is acetylated at lysines 54, 68, 95 and 112. Maximal acetylation occurs simultaneously to ubiquitylation at mitosis, indicating a role of acetylation on cyclin A stability. A non-acetylatable mutant in which these lysines were substituted by arginines (cycA 4R) cannot be ubiquitylated, is more stable than cycA wild-type and arrests cell cycle at mitosis.
Increased expression of cyclin A has been detected in many types of cancers and it has a prognostic value to predict survival or early relapse. Our results indicate that acetylation is able to cause a decrease in the levels of cyclin A, suggesting that treatment with HDAC inhibitors (which potentiate acetylation in the cell) could be considered to treat this kind of tumors.
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Pucella, Riccardo R. "Investigations on relative definability in PCF." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=24036.
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The focus of this thesis is the study of relative definability of first-order boolean functions with respect to the language PCF, a paradigmatic typed, higher-order language based on the simply-typed $ lambda$-calculus. The basic core language is sequential. We study the effect of adding construct that embody various notions of parallel execution. The resulting set of equivalence classes with respect to relative definability forms a supsemilattice analoguous to the lattice of degrees in recursion theory. Recent results of Bucciarelli show that the lattice of degrees of parallelism has both infinite chains and infinite antichains. By considering a very simple subset of Sieber's sequentiality relations, we identify levels in the lattice and derive inexpressibility results concerning functions on different levels. This allows us to explore further the structure of the lattice of degrees of parallelism and show the existence of new infinite hierarchies. We also identify four subsemilattices of this structure, all characterized by a simple property.
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Flynn, Kimberly C. Grassco Colleen E. Boorom Eric W. "Paperless Contract Folder's (PCF) DoD 5015.2 certification." Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2010. http://edocs.nps.edu/npspubs/scholarly/JAP/2010/Jun/10Jun%5FFlynn%5FJAP.pdf.
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"Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Contract Management from the Naval Postgraduate School, June 2010."Advisor(s): Doelling, Michael C. ; Brinkley, Douglas E. "June 2010." "Joint applied project"--Cover. Joint authors: .Grasso, Colleen E. ; Boorom, Eric W. Description based on title screen as viewed on July 14, 2010. Author(s) subject terms: Paperless Contract Folder's (PCF) DoD 5015.2 certification Includes bibliographical references (p. 97). Also available in print.
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Flynn, Kimberly C., Eric W. Boorom, and Colleen E. Grasso. "Paperless Contract Folder's (PCF) DoD 5015.2 certification." Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/10522.
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Joint Applied ProjectThe objective of this project is to conduct an analysis of the CECOM Contracting Center's Paperless Contracting Folder program in regards to maintaining its DoD 5015.2 certification. The desired outcomes will be the creation of a File Plan and User Guide to assist with DoD 5015.2 certification.
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Da, Silva Pereira Luis Miguel. "Combinatorics of Singular Cardinals and PCF structures." Paris 7, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA077100.
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Ce travail est centré sur la théorie PCF de Shelah. Nous étudions la connexion entre la topologie des espaces PCF et les notions standard de la théorie PCF. Nous démontrons une généralisation du résultat qui dit que les espaces PCF séparables sont séquentiels et nous obtenons comme corollaire qu'il existe beaucoup de suites qui ont une vrai cofmalité modulo l'idéal des ensembles finis. Nous démontrons que ce corollaire est optimal. Nous donnons aussi une démonstration topologique d'estimatives cardinales obtenues précédemment par l'utilisation de la norme de Galvin-Hajnal. Nous étudions une conséquence de la négation de la conjecture PCF de Shelah appelé la Propriété des Ensembles Livres Approximables (PELA). Nous notons que la PELA est incompatible avec l'existence d'échelles continus en forme d'arbre et nous prouvons la consistance de ces échelles avec l'existence des plus grands des grands cardinaux établissant ainsi que la PELA n'est pas impliqué par les grands cardinaux. Nous étudions l'existence d'échelles continus en forme d'arbre et la négation de la PELA en plusieurs extensions de Prikry de l'universThis work is centered on Shelah's PCF theory. We study the connection between the topology of PCF spaces and standard PCF theory notions. We prove a generalization of the result that says that separable PCF spaces are sequential and obtain as a corollary that there exist many sequences that have true cofinality modulo the ideal of finite sets. We prove that this corollary is optimal. We also give a topological proof of cardinal estimates previously obtained through the use of the Galvin-Hajnal norm. We study a consequence of the negation of Shelah's PCF conjecture called the Approachable Free Subset Property (AFSP). We note that AFSP is incompatible with the existence of tree-like continuous scales and prove the consistency of these scales with the largest large cardinal axioms thus establishing that AFSP is not implied by large cardinals. We study the existence of tree-like continuous scales and the negation of AFSP in several Prikry extensions of the universe
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Perearnau, Garcia Anna. "lmplicacló de p27 i PCAF en la regulació de la transcripció." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/291434.
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En el nostre grup s’ha demostrat la interacció directa entre l’inhibidor de ciclines-CDKs p27 i l’acetiltransferasa PCAF. Aquesta interacció es produeix entre el domini HAT de PCAF i la regió que compren els aminoàcids 91-120 de p27. Aquesta regió conté un PRD (Proline Rich Domain, 91-96aa), un domini característic d’interacció entre proteïnes. En aquest treball hem comprobat que PCAF acetila la lisina en posició 100 de p27 in vivo. L’acetilació de p27 afecta la seva estabilitat, afavorint-ne la seva trasnlocació del nucli al citoplasma, al inici de la fase G1, on serà degradada (Pérez-Luna et al., 2012).
PCAF és un co-activador transcripcional que actúa acetilant histones, factors de trasncripció i altres proteïnes. Per altra banda, recentment s’ha descrit que p27 actúa com a regulador transcripcional, bàsicament com a repressor transcripcional de la transcripció de determinats gens diana. Així doncs, com PCAF acetila p27, en aquest treball ens hem centrat en confirmar la col·laboració de p27 i PCAF en la regulació transcripcional dels seus gens diana. Per aconseguir aquest objectiu hem identificat els programes transcripcionals regulats per p27 i PCAF en cèl·lules humanes de càncer de còlon (HCT116), mitjançant experiments de ChIP-seq. Determinem que p27 i PCAF s’uneixen a regions diferents de la cromatina en els seus gens diana. Un cop identificats els gens diana comuns de p27 i PCAF, s’ha analitzat l’expressió de 14 d’aquests gens i hem pogut concloure que p27 i PCAF en regulen la seva transcripció de forma antagònica. p27 reprimeix i PCAF activa l’expressió de la majoria dels gens diana analitzats. Aquest efecte és degut a la unió de p27 i PCAF a elements reguladors de la transcripció en la cromatina. Hem descrit que p27 s’uneix a elements amb efecte activador de la transcripció en la cromatina dels seus gens diana, inhibint-los. Per contra, PCAF s’uneix a elements amb efecte silenciador sobre la transcripció del seus gens diana. Finalment hem demostrat la interacció de p27 i PCAF amb els factors de transcripció PAX en cèl·lules HCT116.Our group has demonstrated the direct interaction between the cyclin-CDK inhibitor p27 and the acetyltransferase PCAF. This interaction occurs between the HAT domain of PCAF and the region comprising aa 91-120 of p27. This region of p27 contains a PRD (Proline Rich Domain, 91-96aa) a characteristic protein interacting domain. In this study we found that PCAF acetylates the lysine at position 100 of p27 in vivo. The acetylation of p27 affects its stability, promoting its translocation from the nucleus to the cytoplasm early in the G1 phase, where it will be degraded (Pérez-Luna et al., 2012). PCAF acts as a transcriptional coactivator by acetylating histones, transcription factors and other proteins. On the other hand, it has been reported that p27 acts as a transcriptional regulator, basically by repressing transcription of certain target genes. Therefore, since PCAF acetylates p27, in this thesis we focus on confirming the collaboration of p27 and PCAF in the transcriptional regulation of their target genes. To pursue this goal we have identified the transcriptional programs regulated by p27 and PCAF in HCT116 cells by ChIP -seq experiments. We found that p27 and PCAF binds to different regions of the chromatin of their target genes. Once the common target genes of p27 and PCAF were identified, their expression was analyzed. We concluded that p27 and PCAF regulate the transcription of their target genes antagonistically. p27 represses and PCAF activates the expression of most of their target genes, due to its binding to transcription regulatory elements in the chromatin. p27 binds to transcription activating elements, thus inhibiting the transcription of the target gene. On the contrary, PCAF binds to transcription silencing elements, thus activating the transcription of the target gene. Finally we demonstrated the interaction of p27 and PCAF with transcription factors PAX in HCT116 cells.
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Silva, Wanderley Pereira da. "Análise da especialização tecnológica do Brasil por meio da verificação de pedidos de patentes pela via PCT entre os anos de 2000 a 2019." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/21652.
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Mestrado em Economia e Gestão de Ciência, Tecnologia e InovaçãoEsta dissertação analisa o perfil tecnológico brasileiro no período de 2000 a 2019. A partir da construção de uma base de dados com solicitações de patentes pela via PCT provenientes do Banco de Dados Estatísticos da Organização Mundial de Propriedade Intelectual – OMPI, propõe-se explicitar as transformações ocorridas na especialização tecnológica do Brasil, bem como revelar sua evolução. Os resultados obtidos são comparados com os pedidos de residentes em Brasil no escritório nacional de patentes o Instituto Brasileiro de Propriedade Industrial – INPI. Interessante observar que muitos campos tecnológicos que apresentam vantagem tecnológica revelada são comuns em ambos escritórios de patentes. Pelo índice de diversificação é possível verificar que, no período analisado, o Brasil conseguiu aumentar o número de campos tecnológicos especializados. Esse avanço foi significativopois permite que o país progrida para novos processos de aprendizagem eacúmulo de novas competências tecnológicas.
This master´s thesis analyzes the Brazilian technological specialization from 2000 to 2019. Based on a database developed by the author with patents applications via PCT from the Statistical Database of the World Intellectual Property Organization– WIPO, the aim is to explain the transformations that occurred in Brazil´s technological specialization, as well as to characterize its evolution. The results obtained are compared with the applications from residents in Brazil at the national patent office the Brazilian Institute of Industrial Property - INPI. It is interesting to note that many technological fields that present revealed technology are common in both patent offices. Through the diversification index, it is possible to verify that, in the analyzed period, Brazil managed to increase the number of specialized technological fields. This advance is significant because it allows the country to progress to new learning processes and the accumulation of new technological skills.
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Zhu, Cailei. "Characterization of tumor suppressing function of PCAF in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2007. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/HKUTO/record/B39557480.
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祝彩磊 and Cailei Zhu. "Characterization of tumor suppressing function of PCAF in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2007. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B39557480.
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Forrester, Hsuan-Hsiou. "High strain rate compression testing of polymers : PTFE, PCTFE, PVC and PMMA." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2013. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/13624.
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The mechanically compressive flow stress sensitivities of various polymers are investigated at high strain rates above 103 s-1. Temperatures near the glass transition temperature are investigated and the polymer stress-strain responses have been studied from ambient temperature to 100°C. Previous work has reported peaks in flow stress as a function of strain rate [Al-Maliky/Parry 1994, Al-Maliky 1997]. The analyses showed rapid increases of flow stress followed by a sudden drop at elevated strain rates, which is unlike the well known linear relationship documented at the low strain rates. The mechanics and stipulation of what bring about this phenomenon, or the types of polymers influenced are still unclear. Two fluoropolymers, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE), and two vinyl polymers, polyvinylchloride (PVC) and polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), are chosen for this study. PTFE, PCTFE and PVC are semi-crystalline polymers with different percentage of crystallinity contents, whereas PMMA is an amorphous polymer. The glass transition temperature, Tg, is the characteristic of the amorphous content in polymers, which has been suggested to influence the flow stress peaks [Swallowe/Lee 2003]. Tg of the semi-crystalline polymers are within the test temperature range. High strain rate compression tests have been carried out using the split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB). This is a well-established method for determining the stress, strain, and strain rate of materials. The strain rate range of interest is 103 s-1 to 105 s-1 where the strain rate sensitivity has previously been identified [Al-Maliky/Parry 1994, Al-Maliky 1997, Walley/Field 1994]. Two thermal analyses techniques are used to quantify the dependency of the viscoelastic behaviour in relation to time and temperature. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measures the enthalpy of the polymers to show how the materials are affected by heat, and Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) is used to characterise the time-temperature dependence of the elastic storage and loss moduli of the polymers A total of 42 PCTFE, 44 PTFE, 45 PVC and 55 PMMA specimens were tested using the SHPB system, with the strain rate varying between 1600 s-1 and 6100 s-1. Initial results for PMMA have been reported [Forrester/Swallowe 2009]. The rate of strain where specimens begin to show crazing is identified. The value of yield stress increases with the increase of strain rate and the decrease in temperature. Large strain hardening can be seen in all three semi-crystalline polymers at higher strain rates. The temperature rise during plastic flow of compression is calculated by the stress-strain rate curves. In this thesis, the emphasis is on the relation of yield/flow stress to strain rate as the polymers deform under high strain compression. The mechanism behind the cause of high strain rate deformation responses for amorphous to semi-crystalline polymers in ductile state is discussed, with a view to understanding the sensitivity of yield/flow stresses as a function of strain rate. Also, the modelling of the polymers has been carried in order to alleviate doubts about the validity of the real experimental results that may arise due to the nature of the decomposition of the polymers. It has been shown that the strain energy density pulses through the sample in response to the compression wave in various circular intensities.
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Liu, Hua-Wu. "Traitement biologique anaérobie-aérobie d'effluents de mise en pâte chimico-thermomécanique (PCTM)." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 1995. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/6801/1/000622970.pdf.
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Oefelein, Michael Felix. "Procalcitonin (PCT) bei Kindern mit Fieber während onkologischer Therapie." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2003. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=96894373X.
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Greyling, Neville. "An investigation into PCF-DCF behaviour of 802.11b networks." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/4118.
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Thesis (MScEng (Electrical and Electronic Engineering))--University of Stellenbosch, 2010.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: In recent years the demand for bandwidth has dramatically increased because of new applications for data and multimedia, and wireless technology has prevailed as a prominent technology for data connectivity, especially for home, office and last mile services. As wireless communications are dependant upon spectrum availability, which is communal, this scarce commodity in communication has to be used as efficiently as possible. Some aspects of this requirement are addressed in this project. We chose the IEEE 802.11b standard for this particular investigation because of its widespread use, the vast amount of applicable literature, the variety of software simulation tools and the ease with which equipment can be obtained. The IEEE 802.11 standard specified the Point Coordination Function as the de- terministic protocol. Recently research into this aspect has stagnated, and it was the purpose of this project to investigate how existing infrastructure networks could be improved by optimising some modes of the 802.11 protocol. The investigation also hoped to determine when to change between Distributed Coordination Function (DCF) and Point Coordination Function (PCF), and to provide an adaptive protocol to do so. This thesis presents mathematical models for the operation of DCF and PCF modes, which is compared with results from a network simulator (ns2), for theoretical veri- fication. A protocol is also proposed to dynamically switch between DCF and PCF, to harness the advantages they present.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die afgelope paar jaar het die aanvraag na bandwydte dramaties verhoog as gevolg van nuwe toepassings vir data en multimedia, en draadlose tegnologie het voorgekom as ’n dominante tegnologie vir data konnektiwiteit, veral vir die huis, kantoor en laaste myl dienste. Omdat draadlose kommunikasie afhanklik is van spektrum beskikbaarheid, wat gemeenskaplik is, moet hierdie skaars kommoditeit in kommunikasie so effektief moontlik gebruik word. Sekere aspekte van die vereiste sal in die tesis ondersoek word. Dit is besluit om die IEEE 802.11b standard vir die spesifieke ondersoek te gebruik as gevolg van die wye toepassing, die groot hoeveelheid beskikbare literatuur, die verskeidenheid simulasie sagteware en die gemak waarmee die toerusting bekom kan word. Die IEEE 802.11 standaard spesifiseer the Punt Koordinasie Funksie (PCF) as die deterministiese protokol vir die betrokke standaard. Onlangs het navorsing oor hierdie aspek gestagneer, en dit is die doel van die projek om te ondersoek hoe bestaande infrastruktuur netwerke moontlik verbeter kan word deur optimering van sekere modusse van die 802.11 protokol. Die ondersoek hoop ook om te bepaal wanneer die oorgang van die Distrubusie Koordinasie Funksie (DCF) en Punt Ko- ordinasie Funksie sal plaasvind, en om ’n dienooreenstemmende protokol te on- twikkel. Die tesis verskaf wiskundige modelle vir die werking van die DCF en PCF modusse, wat vergelyk word met resultate uit ’n netwerk simulator (ns2), vir teoretiese ver- ifikasie. ’n Protokol word ook voorgestel om dinamies te wissel tussen DCF and PCF, om die voordele wat die protokolle verskaf te gebruik.
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Streiff, Gérard. "Jean Kanapa, 1921-1978 : une singulière histoire du PCF /." Paris ; Budapest ; Torino : l'Harmattan, 2001. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb38855551c.
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Er-Rhaimini, Karim. "Constructions par forcing d'espaces LCS et de structures PCF." Paris 7, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA077196.
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La thèse concerne la théorie PCF et l'arithmétique des cardinaux. Dans le premier chapitre, on expose une version simplifiée de la théorie PCF qui permet de donner une preuve complète du théorème de Shelah et ainsi de justifier l'étude des structures PCF. Le second chapitre concerne la fonction rho, introduite par Todorcevic. Ce chapitre permet de préparer la construction de forcing effectuée au chapitre trois. Il reprend les travaux de Todorcevic en ne gardant que ce qui est nécessaire au chapitre trois, ce qui permet de simplifier les preuves pour une lecture plus facile. Dans le troisième chapitre, qui est le cœur de la thèse, on expose tout d'abord la théorie des espaces LCS et on propose une nouvelle façon de forcer des espaces LCS de taille n'importe quel ordinal inférieur à omega_3. Enfin, on explique le lien entre espaces LCS et structures PCF et la construction de forcing exposée précédemment permet, au prix d'une modification mineure de forcer des structures PCF de taille n'importe quel ordinal inférieur à omega_3. Ce résultat améliore le précédent résultat connu, qui permettait de construire des structures PCF de taille omega_2This thesis is about PCF theory and arithmetic cardinal. In chapter one, we give a simple but complete proof of Shelah's Theorem trough a simplified version of PCF theory. This theorem is in itself a justification for the study of PCF structures. In chapter two, we present the rho-fimction wich was introduced by Todorcevic. This chapter is a preparation to the forcing construction in chapter three. We mainly reproduce Todorcevic's work but in a simplified version, only keeping what is strictly necessary to our purpose. Thus, the proofs are simpler and make the reading easier. In chapter three, which is the main chapter of the thesis, we first expose the theory of LCS spaces and we show a new way to force LCS spaces of height any ordinal less than omega_3. At last, we explain the link between LCS spaces ans PCF structures and the previous forcing construction allows, by a slight modification, to force PCF structures of height any ordinal less than omega_3. This result improves the previous known result which permitted to force PCF structures of height omega_2
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Ashour, Hassan. "Novel DNA damage induced pathways to cancer : the role of PCAF histone acetyltransferase." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2014. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/novel-dna-damage-induced-pathways-to-cancer-the-role-of-pcaf-histone-acetyltransferase(88b6b778-6ab5-49d9-8a44-1e1d49fb3caf).html.
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Cell cycle checkpoints act as surveillance system and following DNA damage caused by ultraviolet (UV) or ionising irradiation (IR), ATM and ATR phosphorylate various downstream substrates that preserve the genome integrity. The tumor suppressor protein p53 is a target for ATM/ATR kinases and modulates the expression of target genes involved in DNA damage response and promotes DNA repair, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis. ATM/ATR and Chk2 phosphorylates p53 at Ser15 and Ser20 respectively. PCAF belongs to histone acetyltranferases (HATs) family and they acetylate nucleosomal and free histones as well as non-histone proteins such as p53. PCAF acetylates p53 at Lys320 which enhance p53 binding affinity to target genes and increasing p53 mediated transcriptional activity respectively. Our hypothesis is that the ATM/ATR induced pathway might modulates PCAF activation since PCAF protein sequence has shown to contain four putative ATM/ATR target sites as well as two Chk1/Chk2 sites. Also, p53 contributes in PCAF regulation. Our results show that PCAF regulation is cell specific and different cellular stresses introduce different post-translational modifications on PCAF. p21 is known to be targeted by p53 and PCAF following DNA damage, and our results have shown an elevation in p21 mRNA levels in U2OS (p52+/+) cells and a decrease in Saos-2 (p53-/-) and pEBS7(ATM-/-) cells following etoposide treatment, which suggests that both ATM and p53 are required for PCAF to be fully activated in ATM induced pathway. PCAF and PCAF k-r mutant, which lack the auto-acetylation region, were over-expressed and assessed under different cellular stresses by measuring the p21 tagged promoter for luciferase (p21 luc) and p21 mRNA levels. Following UV treatment, both the p21 mRNA and p21 luc levels were highly elevated in PCAF k-r over-expression in U2OS cells. Also, PCAF defective mutant, PCAF∆HAT, has shown different impact on PCAF activity under different genetic insults in comparison to PCAF k-r mutant. . . Our findings suggest that ATM, ATR induced pathways andChk2 kinase negatively regulate PCAF activity since the co-expression of the latter kinases with PCAF, downregulated PCAF proteins abundance and p21-luc levels in etoposide treated cells following the over-expression of PCAF. In UV induced pathway, Chk1 kinase seems to have a positive effect on PCAF as p21 luc promoter levels were downregulated in U2OS cells co-expressed with Chk1 kinase dead mutant. Our chromatin immunoprecipitation data indicates that p53 is highly recruited on PCAF’s own promoter in U2OS cells following etoposide treatment, which suggests a regulatory role of p53 on PCAF regulation. Moreover, the recruitment of PCAF and p53 on p21 promoter seems to be determined by the nature of the damage signal.
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Neumann, Stefan. "Reduzierte Produkte von Halbordnungen eine Verallgemeinerung der Shelahschen pcf-Theorie /." [S.l. : s.n.], 2000. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=960012982.
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Borchers, H. J., J. Yngvason, and yngvason@thor thp univie ac at. "On the PCT-Theorem in the Theory of Local Observables." ESI preprints, 2000. ftp://ftp.esi.ac.at/pub/Preprints/esi965.ps.
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Campo, Silvina. "Le PCF et les usages du passé résistant (1944-1974)." Thesis, Paris 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA010587.
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Les usages politiques du passé de la Résistance sont au cœur de cette thèse. Cette recherche n’entend donc pas se centrer sur la Résistance au sens strict, mais sur les formes d’instrumentalisation de ce passé, au sein d’un groupe : le Parti Communiste Français. Parmi les passés choisis par le PCF, la Résistance occupe une place déterminante, en raison du réel engagement communiste dans l’armée des ombres, ainsi qu’en raison du brevet de patriotisme qu’elle offrait à une formation créditée d’une fidélité aveugle à Moscou. La participation des communistes à l’épopée résistante leur a permis de reconquérir de la crédibilité et de consolider leur position dans un espace public où ils risquaient d’être disqualifiés en raison des positions adoptées par le parti en 1939-1941. La pluralité des significations attachées à ce passé et la fluidité des interprétations attribuées ont permis l’adaptation à la réalité dans laquelle agissaient les communistes. Ainsi, il a été possible de répondre aux objectifs divers que s’assignait le PCF. La période étudiée s’ouvre en 1944, avec la libération d’une grande partie du territoire français, même si la guerre n’est alors pas finie. L’étude s’achève avec l’année 1974, date significative que signale le XXXème anniversaire de la Libération dans le contexte national de la fin des Trente GlorieusesThe political exploitation of its involvement in the resistance movement is the subject of this thesis. The objective of this study is not the Resistance per se but how it was used for political purposes by the French Communist Party. The Resistance is an essential period for the FCP not only because of its real involvement in the Resistance movement but also because this involvement was used to hide its blind alliance to Moscow. The involvement of the FCP in the Resistance allowed it to regain credibility and to strengthen its position in despite the errors committed between 1939 and 1941. The multiple interpretations and exploitations of its involvement in the Resistance were adapted by the party according to its political objectives and needs in any given moment. The historical period of this research begin in 1944 with the Liberation and ends in 1974, the 30th Anniversary of this date
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Chisholm, A. M. "Oxford City PCG and PCT : a case study of collaboration." Thesis, Oxford Brookes University, 2007. http://radar.brookes.ac.uk/radar/items/c8b866a0-5bf4-b06a-dcfd-3d59e8093840/1.
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In 1997 the New Labour government instigated a period of radical reform for the National Health Service, a key element of which was the establishment across England of Primary Care Groups (PCGs), which subsequently became Primary Care Trusts (PCTs). These were local statutory governance bodies with responsibility to deliver and develop primary care and to improve the health of their local population: complex functions requiring collaboration with a range of organisations and agencies. The central aim of this study was to investigate whether and how PCG/Ts developed and facilitated collaboration within primary care, and between it and other NHS and non-NHS bodies, and to identify factors which enabled and inhibited collaboration. Using a theoretical framework which draws on a critical realist tradition, an approach was adopted to the analysis of organisational change which was attentive not only to rational, incremental processes of change but which took into account the political, cultural and economic context in which PCG/Ts operated. A key element of this context was the strong resemblance between New Labour's prominent `third way' discourse of collaboration and the defining characteristics of a network mode of governance: trust, loyalty, reciprocity and voluntariness. Inductive and deductive approaches were combined to test and develop theory about the interactions between context and organisational form, using multiple qualitative methods within a longitudinal nested case study. The study demonstrated that the locality-wide base of PCG/Ts, their explicit health improvement remit, budgetary arrangements and the presence of clinicians on their governing bodies were aspects of their organisational forms which equipped them to facilitate collaboration. However, over time, certain contradictions became apparent in New Labour's approach to organising the NHS which undermined many of the PCG/T's collaborative processes. This thesis argues that the alignment of the third way discourse with a network mode of governance exemplified 'symbolic politics. ' What was presented as a rational response to complex social problems and fragmentation of public services, was in fact largely a pragmatic political manoeuvre designed to distance itself from the perceived failure of previous administrations' hierarchy and market modes of governance.
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Kadwani, Pankaj. "Pulsed Tm-Fiber Laser for Mid-IR Generation." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2013. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/5955.
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Thulium fiber lasers have attracted interest based on their long emission wavelength and large bandwidth (~1.8 – 2.1 &"181;m) relative to more established ytterbium and erbium fiber lasers. In addition, Tm:fiber lasers offer the potential for high efficiencies (~60 %) and high output power levels both in cw as well as pulsed regimes. These attributes are useful particularly in applications such as remote sensing, materials processing and mid-infrared generation. This dissertation describes the development of novel nanosecond pulsed thulium fiber laser systems with record high peak power levels in order to pump nonlinear mid-infrared generation.
The peak power scaling in thulium fiber lasers requires new fiber designs with ultra large mode field area (MFA). Two different classes of prototype thulium doped photonic crystal fibers (PCF) were investigated for high peak power generation. The first prototype is a flexible-PCF with 50 ?m core diameter, and the second is a rod-type PCF with 80 ?m diameter core. A robust single stage master oscillator power amplifier (MOPA) source based on flexible-PCF was developed. This source provided narrow linewidth, tunable wavelength, variable pulse duration, high peak power, and high energy nanosecond pulses. The PCF-rod was implemented as a second stage power amplifier. This system generated a record level of ~1 MW peak power output with 6.4 ns pulse-duration at 1 kHz repetition rate. This thulium doped PCF based MOPA system is a state of the art laser source providing high quality nanosecond pulses.
The single stage MOPA system was successfully implemented to pump a zinc germanium phosphide (ZGP) crystal in an optical parametric oscillator (OPO) cavity to generate 3 - 5 &"181;m wavelengths. The MOPA source was also used to demonstrate backside machining in silicon wafer.
The PCF based laser system demonstrated an order of magnitude increase in the peak power achievable in nanosecond thulium doped fiber laser systems, and further scaling appears possible. Further increases in the peak power will enable additional capabilities for mid-IR generation and associated applications.Ph.D.
Doctorate
Optics and Photonics
Optics and Photonics
Optics
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Liu, Yue. "Regulation of p53 and p73 function by PCAF and adenovirus E1B 55-kDa oncoprotein." Thèse, Sherbrooke : Université de Sherbrooke, 2002. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/4172.
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Faresse, Nourdine. "Identification de PCTA, un nouvel effecteur de la voie de signalisation du TGF-beta." Paris 6, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA066428.
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La stimulation des cellules au TGF- entraîne l’assemblage des protéines cytoplasmiques Smad2/3 avec Smad4. Ce complexe activé se transloque dans le noyau et régule la transcription des gènes cibles du TGF-. Dans le noyau, le complexe Smad peut soit recruter un co-répresseur tel que TGIF. Le TGIF peut inhiber la transcription dépendante du TGF- par différents mécanismes. Récemment, il a été démontré que le TGIF est capable de séquestrer la protéine cytoplasmique cPML dans le noyau inhibant ainsi la phosphorylation de Smad2/3. Dans cette étude, nous avons identifié un nouveau partenaire du TGIF que nous avons nommé PCTA (PML Competitor for TGIF Association). PCTA s’associe à TGIF dans les cellules de mammifères et cette association est stimulée par le TGF-. L’expression de PCTA stimule la transcription induite par le TGF-, une activité qui est due à l’inhibition de la séquestration nucléaire de cPML à travers une compétition de liaison au TGIF. Par ailleurs, nous avons démontré que la surexpression de PCTA peut inhiber la progression tumorale. Ces résultats nous permettent de classer PCTA comme une nouvelle protéine anti-tumorale effectrice de la voie du TGF-.
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Khan, Md Kaisar. "NUMERICAL MODELING OF WAVE PROPAGATION IN NONLINEAR PHOTONIC CRYSTAL FIBER." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2008. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4096.
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In this dissertation, we propose numerical techniques to explain physical phenomenon of nonlinear photonic crystal fiber (PCF). We explain novel physical effects occurred in PCF subjected to very short duration pulses including soliton. To overcome the limitations in the analytical formulation for PCF, an accurate and efficient numerical analysis is required to explain both linear and nonlinear physical characteristics. A vector finite element based model was developed to precisely synthesize the guided modes in order to evaluate coupling coefficients, nonlinear coefficient and higher order dispersions of PCFs. This finite element model (FEM) is capable of evaluating coupling length of directional coupler implemented in dual core PCF, which was supported by existing experimental results. We used the parameters extracted from FEM in higher order coupled nonlinear Schrödinger equation (HCNLSE) to model short duration pulses including soliton propagation through the PCF. Split-step Fourier Method (SSFM) was used to solve HCNLSE. Recently, reported experimental work reveals that the dual core PCF behaves like a nonlinear switch and also it initiates continuum generation which could be used as a broadband source for wavelength division multiplexing (WDM). These physical effects could not be explained by the existing analytical formulae such as the one used for the regular fiber. In PCF the electromagnetic wave encounters periodic changes of material that demand a numerical solution in both linear and nonlinear domain for better accuracy. Our numerical approach is capable of explaining switching and some of the spectral features found in the experiment with much higher degree of design freedom. Numerical results can also be used to further guide experiments and theoretical modeling.Ph.D.
School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
Engineering and Computer Science
Electrical Engineering PhD
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Silva, Kelyane da. "Patentes académicas no Brasil : um novo panorama de contribuição das universidades na via PCT." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/6535.
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Mestrado em Economia e Gestão de CiênciaA presente dissertação analisa o patenteamento académico no Brasil à luz dos pedidos de patentes na designada via PCT (Patent Cooperation Treaty). Os dados obtidos indicaram que a contribuição do setor académico brasileiro é mais intensa quando analisada sob a ótica do inventor do que institucional. Em uma amostra de 3106 pedidos de patentes publicados na via internacional para o período de 2002 a 2012, identificou-se que 38,5% das patentes académicas não estão em titularidade das universidades, mas em posse de empresas, órgãos governamentais, instituições sem fins lucrativos ou do próprio inventor de maneira independente. A comparação dos dados aqui apresentados com os de alguns países da Europa e com os EUA evidenciou a similaridade do patenteamento académico no Brasil ao panorama verificado nos EUA.
This study analyzes the number of patent applications filed under the PCT (Patent Cooperation Treaty) which stem from inventive activities carried out by universities and their staff in Brazil. According to the collected data, the contribution of the Brazilian academic sector is higher when one takes the inventors? perspective than the institutions? perspective. From a sample of 3106 PCT patent applications published internationally for the period 2002-2012, 38.5% of the patents with academic inventors are not owned by the universities, but by companies, government agencies, and non-profit institutions or yet, by the inventors themselves. The comparison of the relative weight of academic patents in Brazil with what exists in EU countries and the US reveals that the Brazilian panorama is much closer to what is found in the US.
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Massaro, Karin Schmidt Rodrigues. "Procalcitonina (PCT) como indicador de infecção grave em adultos neutropênicos febris." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5167/tde-10032008-155628/.
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Introdução: Neutropenia febril é uma emergência médica que demanda um diagnóstico precoce e administração de antibióticos o mais breve possível. A procalcitonina (PCT) é um marcador inflamatório que vem sendo utilizado como um indicador de infecção bacteriana grave. A detecção precoce do quadro séptico é difícil, principalmente numa população heterogênea como no caso dos neutropênicos febris. A possibilidade de um único exame laboratorial poder identificar precocemente os quadros de sepse contribuiria de forma significativa para melhorar o prognóstico destes pacientes. Objetivo: Avaliar os níveis de PCT como marcador de infecção sistêmica comparados aos níveis de proteína C-reativa (PCR) em pacientes neutropênicos febris. Métodos: Foram estudadas amostras de 65 pacientes com a finalidade de determinar as concentrações séricas de PCT, PCR e outros parâmetros hematológicos em três momentos diferentes: antes da febre, no momento da febre e 72 após o término da febre. Os pacientes foram divididos inicialmente em quatro grupos: com infecção sistêmica comprovada laboratorial ou clinicamente (I), com febre de origem indeterminada - FOI- (II), com infecção localizada (III) e com infecção fúngica confirmada (IV). Posteriormente, os grupos I e IV foram denominados de 1 (com infecção sistêmica) e os grupos II e III de 2 (sem infecção sistêmica). Treze pacientes não apresentaram febre durante a internação sendo excluídos da comparação PCT/PCR. Resultados: A concentração de PCT mostrou estar associada com o diagnóstico de infecção grave e neutropenia febril. Não houve correlação entre os níveis de PCT e PCR. Conclusão: Fica evidente que a PCT demonstrou ser um marcador útil para o diagnóstico de infecção sistêmica em neutropenia febril, sendo provavelmente, superior à PCR. Pode-se caracterizar a PCT como um auxiliar de indicador de infecção sistêmica já no primeiro dia de apresentação da febre. A PCT, ao contrário da PCR, foi capaz de distinguir entre infecção sistêmica e infecção localizada ou febre de origem indeterminada, tendo boa capacidade diagnóstica. Entretanto, a PCT não se correlacionou com o prognóstico, possivelmente pelo pequeno tamanho da amostra, apesar da curva ROC da PCT do grupo com infecção sistêmica com evolução para óbito ter delimitado uma área estatisticamente diferente da esperada pelo acaso.Introduction: Febrile neutropenia is a medical emergency that calls for a precocious diagnosis and the administration of antibiotics as soon as possible. The procalcitonin (PCT) is an inflammatory marker that has been used as an indicator of severe bacterial infection. Considering that neutropenic population is heterogeneous, an early and only reliable laboratory test that could identify septic patients would be of great value to improve its outcome. Objective: Assess the diagnostic value of PCT as a marker of systemic infection, comparing with C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in febrile neutropenia. Methods: Sixty-five adults patients were enrolled in the study. Blood sample was collected in order to determine the serum concentrations of PCT, CRP and other hematological parameters at three different moments: before the beginning of fever, at the onset of fever and 72 hours after cessation of it. Firstly, the patients were divided into four groups: with clinical or laboratorial proven systemic infection (I), with fever of undetermined origin (FUO) (II), with localized infection (III) and with proven fungal infection (IV). After that, the groups I and IV were named as 1:- with systemic infection. The groups II and III were named 2:- without systemic infection. Thirteen patients did not present fever during evolution and were excluded from the PCT/PCR comparison among febrile patients. Results: The PCT concentration showed it was associated with the diagnosis of severe infection in febrile neutropenia. No correlation could be found between the levels of PCT and CRP. Conclusion: PCT seems to be an useful marker for the diagnosis of systemic infection in febrile neutropenia, probably better than CRP. We could assume that PCT could indicate systemic infection at the very first day of the outcome of fever. Only PCT (and not CRP) could be able to distinguish between systemic infection and localized infection or FUO, with excellent diagnostic capacity. However none of the markers (PCT and CRP) could be correlated to prognosis, possibly due to the small size of the sample. Nevertheless, PCT ROC curve for evolution to death as a result of systemic infection limit an area under the curve statistically different that expected by chance.
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Azam, Nicolas. "Se confronter à "l'Europe" : prises de position et recompositions du PCF." Thesis, Paris 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA010315.
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Cette thèse est une étude de la production des prises de position partisanes sur l'intégration européenne. Elle entend rompre avec la logique classificatoire privilégiée dans les travaux sur « l'euroscepticisme ». Pour ce faire, elle adopte une approche relationnelle de la compétition politique attentive aux contextes international, interpartisan et intrapartisan. A partir de ce cas particulier qu'est le Parti communiste français, il s'agit de restituer l'émergence progressive d'une catégorie « Europe » associée à la construction européenne, et la manière avec laquelle le problème communautaire et les enjeux afférents ont été construits, les grilles de lecture à travers lesquels ils ont été interprétés. Ainsi, elle interroge à nouveaux frais les changements occasionnés par l'intégration européenne sur les espaces nationaux en montrant des dynamiques de spécialisation et l'éclosion d'un personnel politique spécifiquement en charge de ces questions au sein d'un parti politique pourtant souvent classé parmi les partis hostiles ou critiques envers le processus d'intégration européenne. Par ce biais, elle met aussi en évidence les recompositions plus générales dont ce parti politique est l'objetThis thesis is a study of the production of party positions about the European integration. It stands out from the classificatory approach of the research on « euroscepticism». It takes a relational approach of the political competition which takes account of the international context, external and internal party politics. By examining a specific case, the French Communist Party, it observes the progressive emergence of a category « Europe » which ties into the building of Europe, and the modalities of the construction of a EC/EU problem and political issues. It revisits the question of the changes caused by the European integration on the national spaces. It highlights process of specialization and the advent of a political staff in charge of these questions within a political party which is frequently classified as hostile towards European integration process. It brings to light the large recompositions affecting this political party
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Di, Labio Loredana. "Methods for manufacturing PCF and doped step-index fibres and their characterisation /." Bern, 2008. http://opac.nebis.ch/cgi-bin/showAbstract.pl?sys=000251255.
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Erdoǧan, Sultan. "Experienced EFL teachers' personal theories of good teaching : a PCT-based investigation." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2005. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/2624/.
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The importance of understanding teachers' cognition has been frequently stressed in connection with an ongoing debate regarding the need for a new knowledge base in English language teacher education. However, as is indicated in Chapter One of the present thesis, there has so far been relatively little actual research into teachers' cognition in the field of ELT, and the majority of studies have focused on pre-service and novice, rather than experienced teachers. Research into experienced teachers has tended to rest on the questionable assumption that characteristics of `experts' can be identified and their knowledge prescribed to novices. Additionally, most studies have been carried out in ESL contexts, not the secondary school EFL contexts in which most teachers of English in the world work. This justifies the focus in the present study on identifying experienced (but not necessarily `expert') teachers' personal theories of good teaching in an EFL secondary school context in Turkey. Both the contents and the overall nature (structure and sources) of such teachers' theories are investigated, as is the extent to which their classroom practices are congruent with their theories. The study adopts a Personal Construct Theory (PCT) perspective which is justified and explained in Chapter Two, and employs repertory-grid and follow-up interviews, and stimulated recall interviews based on video-recordings of lessons (as explained in Chapter Three). Four teachers, whose years of experience range from eleven to twenty-five years, are particularly focused upon. Findings are presented and discussed in four chapters, which focus, respectively, on: participants' core constructs relating to `Significant others' in their past and present experience (Chapter Four); shared views (as revealed by content analysis) relating to professional development, and roles and relationships (Chapter Five); both shared views and individual constructs relating specifically to classroom practice and pedagogy (Chapter Six); and, finally, how the participants' personal theories are put into practice and situational constraints are perceived (Chapter Seven). In Chapter Eight I discuss how the personal theories of the participants in this study appear relatively unaffected by formal theories of teaching and learning but are particularly informed by core constructs which have moral and affective significance. These core constructs have deep roots in participants' personal biographies, and they have, to varying extents, developed ways of mediating them into their practice. This process is explained with reference to PCT, and original findings are also offered regarding the overall structure of teacher cognition and the way teachers respond differently to common constraints. The thesis ends (Chapter Nine) with a summary of implications and limitations of the study, suggestions for future research, and final reflections on theory-practice dissonance.
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Kamaludin, Kamilah Saiyedah. "Integrated governance as an organisational change : a case study of alpha pct." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.511635.
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The integrated governance model was introduced in NHS organisations as part of the government's initiative to improve governance arrangements which were in silos. Alpha, as part of the larger NHS, embarked on the implementation of integrated governance immediately after it was publicised. This thesis explores the various aspects of organisational change involved in the adoption of a new governance framework. In particular, this thesis focuses on understanding the underlying reasons which trigger the need for change, explaining the process of change involved in the conceptualisation and installation of the integrated governance approach, and understanding organisational responses to change and the subsequent implications of the operationalisation of the new governance approach to the functioning of the board. The sensemaking approach is set out as an overarching theoretical framework to explain the empirical findings at Alpha. The sensemaking approach also borrows insights from the 'institutional context' and 'active agency' arguments to reinforce understanding of the factors that shape organisational change. Furthermore, it highlights the notion of ambiguity as an antecedent for sensemaking. This thesis argues that the adoption of integrated governance is a strategic response to institutional pressure to gain legitimacy from its higher governing bodies. The timing of the adoption, which was almost instantaneous despite the lack of guidelines from the government, suggests that the substantial driving force pushing the integrated governance agenda was internal. This argument led to the identification of the role of the institutional entrepreneur as the main impetus for organisational change. The ambiguous notion of integrated governance also triggers the sensemaking process enacted by the institutional entrepreneur. The seven properties of the sensemaking process (Weick, 1995) were appraised in explaining integrated governance change. Some properties were appraised more explicitly and appeared more relevant than others in explaining the change occurrence. Because of the context in which the board operated, the use of the integrated governance approach to inform the board process during public board meetings was downplayed. Arguably, understanding the operationalisation of integrated governance inadvertently sheds light onto the actual processes, challenges, complexities and dilemmas of the workings of a public sector board like Alpha's. In conclusion, studying the integrated governance change exemplifies the external and internal factors that jointly explain the nature, form and timing of change at Alpha. And appraising the outcome of change penetrates the 'black box' myth of board working, giving insights into what happens behind the closed doors of the boardroom. 8
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Ramos, Breno Guimarães. "Análise de dispersão em fibras PCF com o método dos elementos finitos." Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2005. http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/6202.
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Previous issue date: 2005-06-29In the present work, the full vectorial, total anisotropic, Finite Element Method was implemented, using second order nodal base functions for the electric field longitudinal component discretization, and Nedelec base functions, quadratic normal and linear tangencial (QNLT), for the discretization of the magnetic field transversal component, applying triangular elements in the domain of solution. Through this implementation, it was studied several configurations of Photonic Cristal Fibers (PCF), making changes in the diameter of the holes and in the distance between then, also called pitch. The intention was to show how feasible and practical is the control of the ultraflattened dispersion profile for this new model of optical fiber, as was reported in recent works. The calculated dispersion results shown that is possible to get dispersion profile completely flat in a range of wavelength of 200 nm, and with the possibility to add offsets in this profiles, making it negative (for applications related to dispersion compensation), or yet, making it flat in a region as close as possible to zero, what is very useful for WDM multiplexing systems. In addition to the dispersion evaluation, the method developed also allows to calculate the effective modal area and also features a graphical presentation of the electric field distribution, or the magnetic field distribution, of the guided modes in the fiber. Concerning the tailoring of the dispersion curve, applying finite element simulation, it was validated the use of empiric equations for dispersion computations from scaling operations in the structure of PCF fibers. These equations can simplify even more the procedure of dispersion tailoring, because the number o simulations by finite element method is reduced considerably. It was also important to analyze the behavior of the propagating wave in the fiber s interior. For this, it was implemented the Beam Propagation Method (BPM) using two different approaches. Initially, it was applied Crank-Nicholson method, which didn/ t show good results because it was not possible to stabilize the propagation process. As a second option, the Newmark method was used, but it was only possible to make the propagation process stable with a simulation step which had the same order of magnitude of the wavelength applied. Thus, unfortunately it was not possible to observe any phenomena of interest during the guiding process
Neste trabalho, foi efetuada a implementação do método dos elementos finitos, vetorial completo, com anisotropia total, utilizando funções de base nodais de segunda ordem para discretizar a componente longitudinal do campo elétrico, funções de base de Nedelec, quadrática normal e linear tangencial (QNLT), para discretizar a componente transversal do campomagnético, e elementos triangulares. Através desta implementação, efetuou-se a análise do comportamento da dispersão em fibras PCF (Photonic Cristal Fibers) para várias configurações de diâmetro dos buracos e do afastamento entre eles (pitch). O objetivo foi comprovar a praticidade de ajuste de perfis de dispersão ultra-aplainado nestas fibras, fato relatado em trabalhos recentes. Os resultados de dispersão encontrados demonstraram a possibilidade de se obter perfis planos num intervalo de comprimento de onda de até 200 nm, com opção de se ajustar a faixa plana da curva para um valor negativo (aplicação para compensação de dispersão), ou ainda para dispersão zero (aplicação em sistemasWDM). Além do cálculo da dispersão, o método desenvolvido também permite calcular a área efetiva do modo e ainda apresenta de forma gráfica a distribuição do campo elétrico, ou do campo magnético, dos modos guiados na fibra. Ainda no aspecto de ajuste de curva de dispersão, pela simulação via elementos finitos foi demonstrada a validade de equações empíricas para o cálculo da dispersão a partir de operações de escalamento na estrutura de uma fibra PCF. Estas equações podem simplificar ainda mais o procedimento de ajuste de dispersão, pois diminuem o número de simulações necessárias pelo método dos elementos finitos. Para visualizar o comportamento da onda propagante no interior da fibra, foi implementado o método BPM (Beam Propagation Method) através de duas técnicas distintas. Primeiramente com o método de Cranck-Nicholson, com o qual não foi possível estabilizar o processo de propagação, e em seguida com o método de Newmark, com o qual apenas foi possível estabilizar o cálculo da propagação fazendo o valor do passo de avanço no guia da mesma ordem de grandeza que o comprimento de onda propagado. Desta forma, não foi possível observar fenômenos de interesse durante o processo de guiamento
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Matonti, Frédérique. "La double illusion, la "Nouvelle critique" : une revue du PCF (1967-1980)." Paris 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA010259.
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C'est à partir d'une interrogation sur le rapport des intellectuels à l'autorité partisane que nous nous sommes intéressés à la nouvelle critique. Revue communiste intellectuelle, née dans l'orthodoxie en 1948, elle est devenue dès le milieu des années 60 et, en particulier lors de la mise en place de sa nouvelle formule en 1967, l'un des instruments de l'aggiornamento du PCF. Devenue progressivement critique à l'égard de la politique communiste après la rupture de l'union de la gauche, partie-prenante de la contestation des intellectuels en 1978, elle a été supprimée en 1980. Elle permet donc d'observer l'ensemble des rapports à l'autorité (coopération, obéissance, insoumission, hétérodoxie impalpable. . . ). Aussi, la thèse se propose non pas seulement de raconter l'histoire de la revue, mais grâce à une triple méthode (étude du contenu, enquête ethnographique, dépouillement d'archives inédites) d'étudier le lien particulier qui se tisse dans la conjoncture historique et intellectuelle des années 60-70 entre les intellectuels communistes et la fraction de la direction du PCF la plus engagée dans le processus de rénovation du parti communiste. Cet accord repose sur un "contrat implicite" entre les intellectuels et les politiques, favorise par les positions indissociablement sociales et intellectuelles des membres de la NC, positions qu'on s'est applique à éclairer. En échange de leur obéissance, de leur capacité à élaborer les thèses philosophiques, historiques ou sociologiques adéquates à la ligne définie par les politiques, et de leur participation active aux processus d'exclusion (affaire Garaudy), les intellectuels communistes accèdent alors au rôle de "conseiller du prince". Cette participation des intellectuels a la politique du parti permet de rompre avec le modèle du PCF comme institution totale. La suppression de la nouvelle critique permet enfin d'étudier la dernière modalité du rapport des intellectuels à l'autorité : l'insoumission. En effet, cet accord implicite des intellectuels et des politiques reposait sur des croyances politiques communes et unitaires. Il reposait plus profondément sur une illusion doublement partagée : la possibilité d'une rénovation interne du PCF. Dès lors que la fraction politique la plus engagée dans la politique d'ouverture renonce à cette stratégie, le contrat implicite ne peut que se briserOur interest in la nouvelle critique was inspired by the question of relations between intellectuals and party authority. From its orthodox beginnings in 1948, this intellectual communist review was to become, by the mid 1960's and more particularly after the introduction of its new formula in 1967, one of the french communist party's aggiornamento instruments. Progressively more critical of communist policy after the breakdown of the union of the left, actively involved in the intellectual contestation of 1978, the review was finally suppressed in 1980. Its study consequently reveals the full range of attitudes toward authority : co-operation, obedience, insubordination, intangible heterodoxy. The present thesis endeavours not only to relate history of the review but, thanks to a threefold method (contend study, ethnological research, and examination of unpublished archives), to trace the special link, in the intellectual and historical context of the 1960's and 1970's, between communist intellectuals and the faction of the french communist party leadership most committed to communist party renovation. This cooperation is founded upon an "implicit contract" between intellectuals and politicians, favoured by the indissociably social and intellectual positions of la nouvelle critique's members, which we have also endeavoured to clarify. In exchange for their obedience, their ability to elaborate philosophical, historical or sociological theses to match the line defined by the politicians, along with their active participation in the exclusion process (cf. Garaudy affair), the communist intellectuals accede to the role of "privy counsellor". Such participation by intellectuals in party policy brings to an end the concept of the french communist party as a total institution. Finally, the suppression of la nouvelle critique gives the opportunity to study the last stage in the relationship between intellectuals and authority : insubordination. In effect, this implicit understanding between intellectuals and politicians has rested on common unitarian political beliefs, and more deeply still on a doubly-shared illusion : the possibility of renovation of the french communist party from within. Once this strategy was abandoned by the political faction most committed to reform, the implicit contract could no longer survive
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Santos, Mónica Cristina Barão Costa. "PCT e PCR no apoio ao diagnóstico de sépsis no recém-nascido." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/10891.
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Mestrado em Bioquímica - Bioquímica ClínicaApesar de uma significativa diminuição nas últimas décadas, os processos infeciosos mantêm-se como uma das principais causas de mortalidade/morbilidade neonatal, um fato em parte devido à imaturidade do sistema imunológico do recém-nascido (RN) e ao crescente número de natos prematuros de reduzido peso corporal. O diagnóstico precoce de quadros de sépsis e a apropriada intervenção terapêutica representam deste modo um desafio diário em neonatologia. Dos diversos marcadores biológicos utilizados no apoio ao diagnóstico de sépsis, as proteínas de fase aguda procalcitonina (PCT) e proteína C-reactiva (PCR) têm mostrado considerável utilidade clínica. Devido à sua rápida cinética após estímulo imunológico, são considerados marcadores biológicos precoces de sépsis, permitindo uma resposta em tempo útil inferior ao tempo necessário para a identificação do agente etiológico por exame cultural. Pretendeu-se com este trabalho reavaliar a utilidade dos marcadores biológicos PCT e PCR no apoio ao diagnóstico de sépsis no RN. Adicionalmente foi também avaliada a possível correlação entre o padrão de variação dos referidos biomarcadores e a etiologia dos agentes infeciosos. O estudo baseou-se na recolha de dados relativos aos parâmetros PCT e PCR em RN com suspeita de sépsis, seguindo-se o seu tratamento e análise estatística. As amostras foram processadas no Centro Hospitalar Entre Douro e Vouga (CHEDV) dizendo respeito ao intervalo de tempo compreendido entre Janeiro de 2011 e Abril de 2012. Os resultados obtidos corroboram com outros estudos feitos para o mesmo efeito, em que a PCT e a PCR em conjugação com uma cuidadosa avaliação clínica, fornecem uma informação de grande valia no diagnóstico de sépsis no RN. Relativamente aos resultados dos exames culturais pedidos nas primeiras horas de vida dos 84 RN do estudo, 99% foram negativos e 1% foram positivos. Estes resultados sustentam crescentes dúvidas acerca da utilidade/validade dos exames culturais.
In the last recent decades, the infectious processes have been decreasing significantly; however, they are still one of the leading causes of neonatal mortality / morbidity, in part due to the immaturity of the newborn immune system and to the increasing number of premature births, whose infants are of low birth weight. Early diagnosis of sepsis and the appropriate therapeutic intervention represent, therefore, a daily challenge in neonatology units. Among all the different biological markers used to support the diagnosis of sepsis, acute phase proteins, procalcitonin (PCT) and C-reactive protein (CRP) have shown to be of considerable clinical value. Due to their rapid kinetics after immune stimulation, these molecules are considered early markers of sepsis, as they provide the needed answers earlier than the time usually needed for the identification of the etiologic agents done by culture exam. The aim of this study was to reassess the utility of the biomarkers PCT and CRP in order to help in the diagnosis of newborn sepsis. Additionally, it was also evaluated the possible correlation between the variation profile of these biomarkers and the etiology of the infectious agents. The study was based on the data collection of the PCT and CRP parameters in neonates, who were under sepsis suspicion, followed by the treatment and statistical analysis. The samples were processed in the Centro Hospitalar Entre Douro e Vouga (CHEDV), which comprise the analysed cases from January 2011 till April 2012. The results corroborate other studies done for the same effect, in which the PCT and CRP in conjunction with a careful clinical assessment, provide valuable information in the diagnosis of sepsis in neonates. In what culture test results ordered in the first 84 hours of life of infants in the study is concerned, 99% were negative and 1% was positive. These results support the growing doubts about the usefulness / validity of the cultural tests.
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Tafas, Jihad. "An algorithm for two-dimensional density reconstruction in proton computed tomography (PCT)." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2007. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/3281.
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The purpose of this thesis is to develop an optimized and effective iterative reconstruction algorithm and hardware acceleration methods that work synonymously together through reconstruction in proton computed tomography, which accurately maps the electron density.
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Martins, Rosa Maria Fernandes. "O director de turma como gestor curricular: elaboração/implementação/avaliação do PCT." Master's thesis, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Escola Superior de Educação, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10198/6850.
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Este trabalho, visa caracterizar e reflectir sobre as práticas na elaboração, implementação e avaliação do Projecto Curricular de Turma, e em que medida o mesmo contribuirá, de forma significativa, para a igualdade de oportunidades, em suma para a missão da escola.
Na primeira parte do presente trabalho, integra-se a fase de revisão de literatura, e consequente delimitação de conceitos, no sentido de elucidar a temática da gestão flexível do currículo, através da construção/implementação/avaliação dos projectos curriculares de turma e a importância dos mesmos para o sucesso educativo. Esta revisão da literatura tornou-se numa mais-valia pelos conhecimentos que nos acrescentou, para a consolidação da reflexão que pretendemos levar a cabo e cujo problema central é: Como elaborar e implementar o Projecto Curricular de Turma? e, Qual o papel do Director de Turma na Coordenação Curricular?
Na segunda parte deste trabalho procedemos a um estudo quantitativo/qualitativo, num Agrupamento do Distrito de Bragança. Realizámos este estudo inquirindo por questionário anónimo, os 21 Directores de Turma/Professores Titulares de Turma de um Agrupamento de escolas, apresentando os resultados e as conclusões desse estudo. Apresentámos, nesta parte do trabalho, a análise documental realizada às actas de todos os conselhos de turma do Agrupamento, e a todos os Projectos Curriculares de Turma do Agrupamento, apresentando as conclusões a que chegámos.
O principal objectivo a alcançar com o estudo desta problemática será o de perceber como elaborar o projecto curricular de turma de forma a que favoreça uma efectiva implementação, conducente ao incremento do sucesso da aprendizagem dos diferentes alunos/turmas.
Sendo o Projecto Curricular de Turma uma forma de responsabilizar os professores pelo desenvolvimento curricular, torna-se indispensável o trabalho de reflexão/investigação. This work aims to characterize and reflect on practices in the design, implementation and evaluation of the class project, and to what extent it will contribute significantly to equal opportunities, for the school's mission. The first part of this work, integrates the literature review phase and the subsequent delineation of concepts, in order to elucidate the issue of flexible management of the curriculum through the construction/implementation/evaluation of the class project and its importance for educational success. This literature review has become an added value, by the knowledge that we added to the consolidation of reflection that we intend to carry on: How to design and implement the class curriculum? and, What is the role of Director of Curriculum Coordination in Class? In the second part of this work we carried out a quantitative /qualitative study, in a school of the district of Bragança. We conducted this study by asking an anonymous questionnaire, a sample of 21 directors of Class and we present the results and conclusions of this study. We presented in this part of the study, the document analysis carried out to the minutes of all boards of the Group classes, and all the class projects of the group with the conclusions we have reached. The main objective to be achieved with the study of this problem will be to develop the class curriculum in order to implement effectively the class project, and leading to increases in learning achievement of different students/classes.
As the class project is a way to make teachers responsible for curriculum development, it is essential the work of reflection/research on it.
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Willetts, Lynsey Clare. "Studies on the substrate specificity of the transcriptional acetylase pCAF, and the biological consequences of acetylation." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.415780.
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Brooks, Jeanne Kaye. "To Degrade or Not to Degrade: The Role of P300/CBP-Associated Factor (PCAF) in Ciita Stability and Ubiquitination." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2009. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/biology_theses/21.
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The ubiquitin-proteasome pathway plays vital roles in multiple cellular processes including protein turnover and transcription regulation. The fate of a ubiquitinated protein is determined by the number of ubiquitin molecules added and the site to which they are added. Monoubiquitinated proteins are stabilized and often activated, while polyubiquitinated proteins are rapidly targeted for degradation. Major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC II) molecules are a vital part of the immune response and are responsible for presenting antigens to CD4+ T cells. The class II transactivator (CIITA) is the master regulator of MHC II transcription and has been shown to have increased transactivity when monoubiquitinated. The focus of this thesis is on the impact of ubiquitination on CIITA stability and MHC II gene expression through the identification of an E3 ligase that targets and ubiquitinates CIITA.
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Nabi, Muaz Un. "Media Access Control for Wireless Sensor and Actuator Networks." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Kommunikationssystem, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-79348.
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In a wireless network, the medium is a shared resource. The nodes in the network negotiate access of the shared resource using the Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol. The design of a MAC protocol for a sensor node is not the same as that for a wireless transceiver. Due to the transceiver characteristics, the MAC protocol design is limited in terms of medium access methods. However, in most cases, the protocols rely on simple access methods i.e. Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) or Carrier Sense Multiple Access / Collision Avoidance (CSMA / CA). Control and monitoring applications, running over a wireless network, are typical examples of Wireless Sensor Actuator Network (WSAN) application in industries. In an industrial network, the message deliveries must be time-bounded otherwise, they are of no use. This report aims to present the thesis work carried out at ABB AB, Västerås. The purpose of this thesis was to compare the performance of WLAN and WirelessHART when it comes to control applications. For the purpose of WLAN, the media access schemes are analyzed in terms of deadline misses. There are other metrices for the performance evaluation but our focus was on the latency, since it is very important in the field of industrial automation. NS-2 was used for the purpose of MAC layer analysis and it is also shown that PCF gives better performance as compared to DCF, in terms of deadline misses. Finally, WLAN is proven to accommodate more control loops as compared to WirelessHART for a given scenario.
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Escardó, Martín H. "PCF extended with real numbers : a domain-theoretic approach to higher-order exact real number computation." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/509.
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We develop a theory of higher-order exact real number computation based on Scott domain theory. Our main object of investigation is a higher-order functional programming language, Real PCF, which is an extension of PCF with a data type for real numbers and constants for primitive real functions. Real PCF has both operational and denotational semantics, related by a computational adequacy property. In the standard interpretation of Real PCF, types are interpreted as continuous Scott domains. We refer to the domains in the universe of discourse of Real PCF induced by the standard interpretation of types as the real numbers type hierarchy. Sequences are functions defined on natural numbers, and predicates are truth-valued functions. Thus, in the real numbers types hierarchy we have real numbers, functions between real numbers, predicates defined on real numbers, sequences of real numbers, sequences of sequences of real numbers, sequences of functions, functionals mapping sequences to numbers (such as limiting operators), functionals mapping functions to numbers (such as integration and supremum operators), functionals mapping predicates to truth-values (such as existential and universal quantification operators), and so on. As it is well-known, the notion of computability on a domain depends on the choice of an effective presentation. We say that an effective presentation of the real numbers type hierarchy is sound if all Real PCF definable elements and functions are computable with respect to it. The idea is that Real PCF has an effective operational semantics, and therefore the definable elements and functions should be regarded as concretely computable. We then show that there is a unique sound effective presentation of the real numbers type hierarchy, up to equivalence with respect to the induced notion of computability. We can thus say that there is an absolute notion of computability for the real numbers type hierarchy. All computable elements and all computable first-order functions in the real numbers type hierarchy are Real PCF definable. However, as it is the case for PCF, some higher-order computable functions, including an existential quantifier, fail to be definable. If a constant for the existential quantifier (or, equivalently, a computable supremum operator) is added, the computational adequacy property remains true, and Real PCF becomes a computationally complete programming language, in the sense that all computable functions of all orders become definable. We introduce induction principles and recursion schemes for the real numbers domain, which are formally similar to the so-called Peano axioms for natural numbers. These principles and schemes abstractly characterize the real numbers domain up to isomorphism, in the same way as the so-called Peano axioms for natural numbers characterize the natural numbers. On the practical side, they allow us to derive recursive definitions of real functions, which immediately give rise to correct Real PCF programs (by an application of computational adequacy). Also, these principles form the core of the proof of absoluteness of the standard effective presentation of the real numbers type hierarchy, and of the proof of computational completeness of Real PCF. Finally, results on integration in Real PCF consisting of joint work with Abbas Edalat are included.
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Nieke, Franziska. "Beeinflussung der intestinalen Folatresorption durch Umweltkontaminanten am Beispiel eines humanen in vitro Modells." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-154886.
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Folate sind als Überträger von C1-Fragmenten verschiedener Oxidationsstufen direkt an der Nukleinsäuresynthese beteiligt und spielen somit eine entscheidende Rolle im Zellstoffwechsel. So kann ein suboptimaler Folatstatus zur Ausprägung einer klinischen Symptomatik führen, die sich primär in Zellen mit hoher Teilungsrate manifestiert. Dabei gilt die megaloblastäre Anämie als Leitsymptom für einen akuten Folatmangel. Herausragende Bedeutung besitzen Folate in der Schwangerschaft, wo ihnen bei der Entwicklung des fetalen Nervensystems eine besondere Rolle zukommt. Bei einem zu niedrigen Serumfolatspiegel der Mutter steigt das Risiko für embryonale Missbildungen wie Neuralrohrdefekte stark an. Die weitere medizinische Relevanz der Folate steht momentan im Fokus der Forschung, wie z. B. der protektive Effekt in Bezug auf bestimmte Krebsformen, die Risikoreduktion für verschiedene kardiovaskuläre Erkrankungen sowie Zusammenhänge zwischen dem Folatstatus und neurologischen Störungen (Alzheimer, Depressionen). Allerdings kann Folat als essentielles Vitamin von Säugetieren nicht selbst synthetisiert werden, sondern muss aus externen Quellen über den Verdauungstrakt aufgenommen werden. Die Resorption aus dem Darm erfolgt nach aktuellem Kenntnisstand insbesondere über den Reduced Folate Carrier (RFC, SLC19A1) und den Proton-Coupled Folate Transporter (PCFT, SLC46A1). Trotz der Existenz dieser spezifischen Transporter ist der Folatmangel des Menschen der häufigste Vitaminmangel in Mitteleuropa. Er lässt sich durch eine ausschließlich ernährungsphysiologische Problematik nur unzureichend erklären. Interessanterweise besitzen sowohl das PCFT-Gen als auch das RFC-Gen in ihrer Promoterregion verschiedene Regulationselemente, unter anderem auch funktionell aktive DREs (Dioxin Response Element), die als Bindungsstelle für einen ligandenaktivierten Transkriptionsfaktor, den nukleären Arylhydrocarbon-Rezeptor (AhR), dienen. DREs wurden bisher hauptsächlich bei fremdstoffmetabolisierenden Enzymen wie z. B. Cytochrom P450-Isoenzymen gefunden und vermitteln bekanntermaßen die toxischen und karzinogenen Effekte von AhR-Liganden. Von besonderem Interesse sind in diesem Zusammenhang ubiquitär verbreitete Umweltkontaminanten wie die polyzyklischen und die halogenierten aromatischen Kohlenwasserstoffe (PAK, HAK), da sie in der Umwelt sehr persistent sind und sich dadurch in der Lebensmittelkette anreichern. Infolgedessen wurde im Rahmen dieser Studie der mögliche Einfluss von AhR-Liganden wie TCDD (2,3,7,8-tetrachlordibenzo-p-dioxin) und B[a]P (Benzo[a]pyren) auf die carriervermittelte intestinale Folatresorption beim Menschen untersucht sowie die Regulation der Transportproteine RFC und PCFT auf transkriptioneller Ebene experimentell überprüft. Als adäquates in vitro Modell diente dabei die humane Kolonzelllinie LS180, für die zunächst eine Charakterisierung erfolgte. Mittels RT-PCR wurde der Nachweis erbracht, dass alle am Folattransport beteiligten Import-und Exportcarrier auf mRNA-Ebene exprimiert werden. Für die Transportproteine RFC und PCFT erfolgte über den Western Blot auch der Nachweis auf Proteinebene. Die Funktionalität der AhR-Signalkaskade, die über methylcholanthrenartige Induktoren wie TCDD zur Induktion von Cytochrom P450 führt, konnte im Folgenden mittels Ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase-Assay (EROD) überprüft werden. Es zeigte sich nach Induktion mit TCDD (0,01 - 10 nM) oder B[a]P (0,01 - 1 μM) über 12 – 96 h ein hochsignifikanter, dosis- und zeitabhängiger Effekt auf die Cyp1A1 vermittelte Enzymaktivität der Ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase in den LS180-Zellen. Dabei konnten ligandenabhängige Unterschiede im Induktionsmuster ermittelt werden. Im Anschluss wurde im intestinalen Zellmodell die initiale konzentrations- und zeitabhängige Folataufnahme bei pH 5.5 über funktionelle Aufnahmeversuche mit Tritium-markierter Folsäure untersucht und charakterisiert. Sie stellte sich als aktiver, sättigbarer Prozess dar, wobei in den unbehandelten LS180-Zellen ca. eine Verdreifachung der intrazellulären Radioaktivität über einen Zeitraum von 2,5 min beobachtet werden konnte. Als kinetische Parameter wurden ein Km-Wert von 27,91 μM sowie ein Vmax-Wert von 281,2 pmol/min berechnet. Nachfolgende Untersuchungen mit den spezifischen Inhibitoren Raltitrexed (RTX) und Pemetrexed (PMX) konnten zeigen, dass sowohl PCFT als auch RFC an der funktionellen Folsäureaufnahme bei einem pH-Wert von 5.5 in dem gewählten Versuchsaufbau beteiligt sind. Der RFC scheint jedoch einen etwas höheren Anteil an der Gesamtaufnahme zu haben als der PCFT. In LS180-Zellen, die vorher mit den Modellsubstanzen TCDD (1 bzw. 10 nM) oder B[a]P (0,1 bzw. 1 μM) über 24 - 120 h inkubiert wurden, konnte eine zeit- und dosisabhängige, statistisch signifikante Reduktion der carriervermittelten Folatresorption beobachtet werden, wobei die maximale Verminderung der Aufnahmerate ca. 75 % betrug. Da sich dieser Effekt durch die AhR-Antagonisten Salicylamid (SAL) und CH-223191 (CH) dosisabhängig umkehren ließ, erfolgt die Regulation vermutlich über den AhR-Signalweg. Um den Mechanismus der Regulation zu klären, wurde mit Hilfe der quantitativen qRT-PCR unter Verwendung von TaqMan-Sonden die Genexpression von RFC und PCFT nach Vorbehandlung mit 1 - 10 nM TCDD oder 0,1 – 1 μM B[a]P über 12 - 120 h untersucht. Analog zu den Aufnahmeversuchen konnte hier eine zeit- und dosisabhängige Reduktion beider Transporter auf transkriptioneller Ebene beobachtet werden. Auch führte eine Vorbehandlung mit CH und SAL wiederum zu einer Umkehr des Effektes, wobei CH wahrscheinlich einen ligandenselektiven AhR-Antagonisten darstellt. Zusammenfassend konnte durch die vorliegende Arbeit nachgewiesen werden, dass Cytochrom P450-Induktoren über die AhR-Signalkaskade die carriervermittelte Folatresorption in humanen Kolonzellen herabregulieren. Es erscheint anhand der gewonnen Erkenntnisse möglich, dass die Folathomoöstase durch verschiedene Umweltkontaminanten wie z. B. TCDD negativ beeinflusst werden kann und als Folge daraus auch eventuell der Folatmangel der Bevölkerung in Industrienationen zumindest teilweise erklärbar wird. Es ist darüber hinaus denkbar, dass auch andere Fremdstoffe die Folataufnahme beeinflussen, da große planare Strukturen häufig über den AhR-Weg wirken. Weiterführende Studien sind notwendig, um das Verständnis für den Einfluss von Umweltkontaminanten auf die intestinale Folataufnahme zu verbessern.
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Yu, Hao. "Matériaux hydrures pour le stockage irréversible ou réversible de l’hydrogène." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO10247.
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L’utilisation des combustibles fossiles (énergies non renouvelables) est responsable de l’augmentation de la concentration en gaz à effet de serre dans l’atmosphère. Lors de l'examen des solutions de rechange, l’hydrogène comme vecteur énergétique est le plus séduisant. Le stockage de l’hydrogène en phase solide sous forme d’hydrures, est l’une des solutions non polluantes futures pour le stockage et le transport de l’énergie. Parmi les matériaux candidats, le borohydrure de sodium (NaBH4) et l’hydrure de magnésium (MgH2) ont été sélectionnés au vu de leur capacité gravimétrique élevée en hydrogène. La réaction d'hydrolyse de NaBH4 a été étudiée dans un calorimètre en phase liquide couplée à un compteur à gaz, afin de suivre en même temps, la cinétique de production d’hydrogène et l’évolution de la chaleur de réaction. Nous avons préparé des catalyseurs à base de cobalt supporté sur différents supports (hydrotalcites, KF/Al2O3, hétéropolyanions) ayant des propriétés acido-basiques différentes. Les supports et les catalyseurs à base de cobalt ont été caractérisés par DRX, MEB+EDX, ICP et BET. Co/hétéropolyanions a montré une cinétique très élevée pour la production d'hydrogène accompagnée d'une conversion totale dans la réaction d'hydrolyse. L’absorption et la désorption de l’hydrogène ont été étudiées sur l’hydrure de magnésium. Afin d’améliorer la cinétique de sorption de MgH2, nous avons préparé des mélanges MgH2-MT (MT = métal de transition Co, Ni, Fe, Cr, Mn), MgH2-MTmélangé (MT = métal de transition Co, Ni, Fe,), MgH2-MTnano (MT = métal de transition Conano, Ninano, Fenano, Cunano, Znnano) et MgH2-nLiBH4-MTnano (MT = métal de transition Conano, Ninano, Fenano) par broyage à billes de haute énergie. Leurs propriétés physico-chimiques ont été étudiées par DRX et MEB+EDX. La température de désorption de l’hydrogène et la quantité d’hydrogène dégagée ont été étudiées par TPD. La cinétique d’absorption de l’hydrogène et la réversibilité du stockage de l’hydrogène ont été étudiées par isotherme PCT pour le système MgH2-MTnano. MgH2-10-Ninano présente la meilleure propriété de stockage réversible de l’hydrogène, MgH2-10-Conano et MgH2- 10-Fenano sont aussi de bons candidats potentielsThe use of fossil fuels (non-renewable) is the main raison of increasing the green house in the atmosphere. Among the considered alternatives, hydrogen is seen as the most attractive energy carrier. The storage of the hydrogen in the solid phase in the form of hydrides is one of the clean future solutions for storage and transport of energy. Among potential materials, sodium borohydride (NaBH4) and magnesium hydride (MgH2) were selected regarding their high hydrogen gravimetric capacity. The hydrolysis reaction of NaBH4 was studied in a liquid phase calorimetry coupled to a gas-meter, in order to monitor simultaneously the kinetics of the hydrogen production and the evolution of the reaction heat. We prepared cobalt supported catalysts using various supports (hydrotalcites, KF/Al2O3, heteropolyanions) with different acid-base properties. The supports and the catalysts were characterized by XRD, SEM+EDX, ICP and BET. Co/heteropolyanions showed a very high kinetics for the production of hydrogen accompanied by a total conversion in the hydrolysis reaction. The absorption and desorption of hydrogen were studied using magnesium hydride. In order to improve the sorption kinetics of MgH2, we have prepared the MgH2-MT (MT= transition metal Co, Ni, Fe, Cr, Mn), MgH2-MTmixture (MT= transition metal Co, Ni, Fe), MgH2-MTnano (MT = transition metal Conano, Ninano, Fenano, Cunano, Znnano) and MgH2-nLiBH4-MTnano (MT = transition metal Conano, Ninano, Fenano) mixtures by high energy ball milling. Their physicochemical properties were studied by XRD and SEM+EDX. The temperature of hydrogen desorption and the amount of hydrogen generated were investigated by TPD. The kinetics of hydrogen absorption and the reversibility of hydrogen storage were investigated with PCT isotherm for the system of MgH2-MTnano. The sample MgH2-10-Ninano presents the best property for reversible hydrogen storage; MgH2- 10-Conano and MgH2-10-Fenano are also good potential candidates
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Bergaglio, Cecilia. "Identités et stratégies politiques du PCI et du PCF : une comparaison entre le Triangolo Industriale en italie et la région industrielle du Rhônes - Alpes en France." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAL029.
Full textAbstract:
Les objectifs du projet de recherche ont leur fondement dans la tentative de répondre à quelques questions essentielles concernant l'identité du Parti Communiste italien et du Parti Communiste français en tant que sujets politiques complexes, multiformes et dynamiques.On a d'abord crée deux laboratoires d'analyse, l'un en Italie, le deuxième en France, en tant que lieux d'observation, d'étude et de dénouement des thèmes les plus significatifs liés à l'identité, la stratégie et la culture communiste.En ce qui concerne l'Italie, on a tout naturellement choisi le Triangle Industriel qui constitue une macro zone aux caractères sociaux et économiques communs où le PCI a joué un rôle important et tout à fait différent par rapport aux autres zones sub-culturelles de la péninsule dans les années de l'après-guerre.Il m'a paru de plus en plus évident que la région Rhône-Alpes se caractérisait par des aspects économiques, sociaux, géographiques et anthropiques intéressants qui la rapprochaient au Triangle Industriel avec lequel, d'ailleurs, il existait une proximité territoriale.D'après un regard plus attentif au tissu socio-économique de la région, on s'aperçoit que les trois plus importantes villes - Grenoble, Lyon, Saint Etienne- se caractérisent par le même mélange d' « ingrédients » sur lesquels se fonde le caractère particulier des chefs-lieux du Triangle Italien. Il s'agit d'une très forte vocation industrielle, d'une société hétérogène, d'un équilibre parmi les forces politiques protagonistes du débat local (ou, au moins, pas de supériorité nette et durable de l'une par rapport aux autres), de Fédérations à même de marquer, d'une manière nette et durable, l'histoire, l'identité, la mentalité des inscrits et des électeurs, enfin d'une partie considérable de la société.Après les domaines, les temps de la recherche. La Libération, ou mieux encore, l'année 1946 s'est imposée d'une manière tout à fait naturelle comme « incipit ». Il s'agissait d'une césure chronologique évidente pour le début d'un parcours ; une date naturelle mais pas infranchissable, plutôt osmotique avec le passé des militants et des cadres qui, par leur mémoire personnelle, reviennent à la période précédant la naissance du parti.C'est un parcours long, sinueux, complexe dont on a repéré la fin, d'une manière tout à fait subjective mais bien motivée, en 1976, en ce qui concerne l'Italie et en 1978, en ce qui concerne la France. Les deux dates sont très représentatives des deux Pays et des deux partis communistes.On est bien dans les années de l'apogée après lequel va commencer la chute.Deux évènements vont caractériser ce moment : le doublement raté en Italie et la débâcle électorale en France. Il s'agit d'une histoire différente mais de là on va assister à un déclin lent et inexorable. C'est une conjoncture qui nous implique tous et qui change, irrémédiablement, la destinée de nos microcosmes.Les sources utilisées pour ce travail de recherche se divisent en trois groupes différents. Appartiennent au premier groupe les données quantitatives concernant la base militante et les Comités Fédéraux de chacune des Fédération faisant l'objet de la recherche.Un deuxième groupe de sources se compose, par contre, de la documentation officielle concernant les débats intérieurs au parti. Il s'agit de congrès, de réunions du Comité Fédéral, de rapports préparatoires, une masse de documents produits par les Fédérations qui a été tout à fait indispensable dans la reconstruction des stratégies politiques poursuivies sur les territoires.Le troisième et tout dernier groupe de sources est sans doute celui qui m'a fascinée davantage par sa richesse et par ses infinies possibilités d'interprétation et par le passage du plan quantitatif au qualitatif aussi. Il s'agit de biographies rédigées par les cadres au moment de l'inscription au parti ou bien pendant la participation à l'une de ses écolesThe aim of the research project is the attempt to answer some basic questions about the identity of the Italian and French Communist parties, considered as complex and dynamic political subjects.The first step was to select two case studies, one in Italy and one in France, as places where to observe and deal with the most meaningful themes linked to the identity, the strategies and the political communist cultures.As far as Italy is concerned, I chose the so-called Triangolo Industriale. It represents a macro-area with economic and social common features and where the Pci played an important role, different from the other sub- cultural areas of Italy in the second post-war period.I realized that the Rhône-Alpes had the economic, social, geographical and anthropic features approaching it to the Triangolo Industriale, with which also as a geographical proximity.Going deeper into the social and the economic texture of the three most important cities – Grenoble, Lyon, Saint Étienne - I discovered that they have the same mixture of “ingredients” compared to Milan, Turin and Genua: well-rooted industrial vocation, heterogeneous society, a good balance among the political forces, local communist Federations able to mark the identity, the history and the cultural of their members and the electors.The research has as starting point the year 1946. Natural chronological caesura but overcome by the memories of the militants and political leaders, which date back until the previous period to the birth of the party.It is a long and complex process lasting until 1976 for Italy and 1978 for France. These dates are extremely representative for both communist parties because they constitute the apogee moment, before the beginning of the decline. Two events characterize this moment: the failed “sorpasso” in Italy and the electoral defeat in France. It is a crucial point implying a radical change also in our two micro-cosmos.The sources used in this research can be divided in three groups: the first group is represented by the statistic data about militants and political local structures. The second is represented by the official documents of the internal party debates, useful to reconstruct the political strategies pursued in every territory.The third and last source is the one that has struck me more for the infinite interpretative possibilities and for the passage from the quantitative to the qualitative level. They are the biographies written by the communist leaders at the moment of their adhesion to the party or when they attended the political schools of the party.STAR
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Enel, Morgane. "Nouvelles perspectives pour les complexes de lanthanides dérivés du squelette PCTA[12] : synthèse, propriétés photophysiques et relaxométriques." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU30337/document.
Full textAbstract:
Le ligand PCTA[12], un macrocycle à 12 chaînons intégrant dans sa structure un noyau pyridine intracyclique et trois groupements aminoacide acétique, constitue une alternative intéressante aux ligands traditionnels tels que le DTPA, le NOTA ou le DOTA pour des applications en imagerie biomédicale. Sa potentialité à agir comme agent de contraste pour l'IRM a déjà été reportée, et certains de ses dérivés ont été évalués avec succès pour l'imagerie optique ou nucléaire. En raison de ces résultats encourageants, la synthèse de familles de dérivés du ligand PCTA[12] a été entreprise en vue de l'amélioration des propriétés des différents complexes Ln(III) (Ln = Eu, Gd, Tb) qui leurs sont issus. Dans un premier temps, la synthèse multi-étape du PCTA[12] a été reconsidérée et a permis d'atteindre un rendement global de 64% en ligand contre un rendement maximum de 36% pour les méthodologies classiques. La stratégie développée a, par la suite, été employée à la synthèse de ligands à fonctions mixtes acétate/amide ou acétate/phosphinate, mais également de ligands bifonctionnels chélatants porteurs de fonctions hydroxyle, ester, acide carboxylique, hydroxyméthyle ou amine. L'introduction de groupements chromophores de type carbostyrile et benzimidazole en position para de la pyridine a pu être réalisée et une amélioration des propriétés photophysiques a été observée dans le cas du complexe d'europium à motif benzimidazole ((λex = 322 nm et Փ = 9,2%). La dernière modification a consisté en la substitution du noyau pyridine du ligand PCTA[12] par un noyau phénol. La synthèse du composé désiré conduit à la formation conjointe du dimère correspondant. Une amélioration conséquente des propriétés relaxométriques (r1 = 5,7 s-1.mM-1 et τM = 3,1 ns) et fluorescentes (Փ = 22%) des complexes Gd(III) et Tb(III) de la forme monomère a été mise en évidence. Le complexe de terbium du macrocycle dimère analogue a, quant à lui, permis l'obtention d'un excellent rendement quantique de fluorescence de 43% en milieu aqueuxThe PCTA[12] ligand is a 12-membered macrocycle containing an intracyclic pyridine ring and three amino acid acetic groups in its structure, and is an interesting alternative to traditional ligands such as DTPA, NOTA or DOTA for biomedical imaging applications. Its potential to act as a contrast agent for MRI has already been reported, and some of its derivatives have been successfully evaluated for optical or nuclear imaging. Because of these encouraging results, the synthesis of families of derivatives of the PCTA[12] ligand has been undertaken in order to improve the properties of their derived Ln (III) complexes (Ln = Eu, Gd, Tb). At first, the multi-step synthesis of PCTA[12] was reconsidered and able to reach an overall yield of 64% ligand against a maximum yield of 36% for conventional methodologies. The strategy developed was subsequently used to synthesize acetate/amide or acetate/phosphinate mixed-function ligands, but also chelating bifunctional ligands bearing hydroxyl, ester, carboxylic acid, hydroxymethyl or amine functions. The introduction of carbostyril or benzimidazole chromophores at the para-position of the pyridine moiety has been carried out and an improvement in the photophysical properties was observed in the case of the benzimidazole europium complex ((λex = 322 nm and Փ = 9.2%). The last modification consisted in the substitution of the pyridine moiety of the PCTA[12] ligand by a phenol core. The synthesis of the desired compound leads to the formation of the corresponding dimer. A consequent improvement of the relaxometric (r1 = 5.7 s-1.mM-1 and τM = 3.1 ns) and fluorescence (Փ = 22%) properties of the Gd(III) and Tb(III) complexes of the monomeric form has been demonstrated. The terbium complex of the dimeric macrocycle has, for its part, made it possible to obtain an excellent fluorescence quantum yield of 43% in aqueous medium
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Moore, Paul 1962. "The Analysis of PCDD and PCDF Emissions from the Cofiring of Densified Refuse Derived Fuel and Coal." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1990. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc330690/.
Full textAbstract:
The United States leads the world in per capita production of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW), generating approximately 200 million tons per year. By 2000 A.D. the US EPA predicts a 20% rise in these numbers. Currently the major strategies of MSW disposal are (i) landfill and (ii) incineration. The amount of landfill space in the US is on a rapid decline. There are -10,000 landfill sites in the country, of which only 65-70% are still in use. The Office of Technology Assessment (OTA) predicts an 80% landfill closure rate in the next 20 years. The development of a viable energy resource from MSW, in the form of densified Refuse Derived Fuel (dRDF), provides solutions to the problems of MSW generation and fossil fuel depletions. Every 2 tons of MSW yields approximately 1 ton of dRDF. Each ton of dRDF has an energy equivalent of more than two barrels of oil. At current production rates the US is "throwing away" over 200,000,000 barrels of oil a year. In order to be considered a truly viable product dRDF must be extensively studied; in terms of it's cost of production, it's combustion properties, and it's potential for environmental pollution. In 1987 a research team from the University of North Texas, in conjunction with the US DOE and Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), cofired over 550 tons of dRDF and bdRDF with a high sulfur Kentucky coal in a boiler at ANL. This work examines the emission rates of polychlorinated dioxins (PCDDs) and furans (PCDFs) during the combustion of the dRDF, bdRDF, and coal. Even at levels of 50% by Btu content of dRDF in the fuel feedstock, emission rates of PCDDs and PCDFs were below detection limits. The dRDF is shown to be an environmentally acceptable product, which could help resolve one of the major social and environmental problems facing this country today.
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Giovaninetti, Marc. "50 ans au coeur du système communiste : Raymond Guyot, un dirigeant du PCF." Paris 13, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA131010.
Full textAbstract:
Parmi la dizaine de grands dirigeants historiques du Parti communiste français, Raymond Guyot (1903-1986) est un des plus méconnus. Sa carrière politique fut pourtant exceptionnelle par sa longévité et sa diversité. Parvenu dans les strates dirigeantes du Parti au tout début des années 1930, il s’y est maintenu jusqu’aux années 1970, sous les secrétariats généraux successifs de Maurice Thorez, de Waldeck Rochet et de Georges Marchais. Du premier, il fut le plus fidèle soutien au Bureau politique, et il a scrupuleusement suivi sa trajectoire politique, en partageant les succès et les déboires : d’abord comme Secrétaire général ou Président des Jeunesses communistes, puis comme dirigeant de la Fédération parisienne du PCF, enfin comme responsable de sa Section de Politique extérieure. À ce dernier titre, il était un des hommes clé du mouvement communiste international à l’époque de Khrouchtchev et de Brejnev. Mais il avait déjà avant la guerre occupé une place importante au Komintern sous Staline et Dimitrov, comme secrétaire général de l’Internationale communiste des Jeunes, et pendant la guerre en assurant un des plus sûrs contacts entre Moscou et la France occupée. Il resta aussi presque jusqu’au bout un des hommes influents du Conseil mondial pour la Paix, investi de la confiance de l’URSS et de ses alliés communistes et progressistes, malgré certaines rudes épreuves. Durant toutes ces années, il a multiplié les déplacements internationaux, particulièrement entre Paris et Moscou. Sa fidélité à l’URSS a pourtant été progressivement ébranlée, surtout à cause des événements tchécoslovaques qui l’ont personnellement affecté, mais sans qu’il ne la renie jamais ouvertementAmong about ten big historic leaders of the French communist Party, Raymond Guyot (1903-1986) is one of the most underestimated one. His political career was nevertheless exceptional for its longevity and variety. He reached the ruling strata of the Party at the very beginning of the 1930s, and he remained there until the 1970s under Maurice Thorez’s, Waldeck Rochet’s and Georges Marchais’s successive posts of General Secretaries. Of the first one of these men he was the most faithful support for the Political Bureau, and he scrupulously followed his political line, sharing the successes and the setbacks: at first as General Secretary or President of the Communist Youths, then as leader of the Parisian Federation of the PCF (French Communist Party), finally as the man in charge of the Foreign Policy Section. As such, he was one of the key men of the international communist movement at the time of Khrushchev and Brejnev. But before the war he had already held an important place at the Comintern under the leaderships of Stalin and Dimitrov, as General Secretary of the Young Communist International, and during the war by assuring one of the safest contacts between Moscow and the occupied France. Up to the end he also remained one of the most influential men of the World Peace Council, empowered with the trust of the USSR and of its communist and progressist allies, in spite of some hard events. During all these years he increased the number of his international trips, particularly between Paris and Moscow. His loyalty to the USSR was nevertheless gradually shaken, especially because of the Czechoslovak events which affected him personally, but he never renounced it openly
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Thews, Brennan Nicholas. "Measurement of Temperature, Refractive Index, or Axial Acceleration with Etched PCF Microfiber Structure." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/54583.
Full textAbstract:
In the field of optical fiber sensors, one of the most versatile structures is the Fabry-Perot interferometer. This thesis will present a novel sensor based on an Intrisnic Fabry-Perot Inferferometer (IFPI) cavity to measure axial acceleration, refractive index, and temperature. The sensor structure is based on previous work done by R. Wang at the Center for Photonics Technology. This work suggests its flexibility in many different roles with a sensitivity to axial acceleration of 70 pm/unit of acceleration, to refractive index of 60 nm/Refractive Index Unit, and to temperature of 7.8 pm/°C. Future work is also discussed in measuring tangential acceleration with direction using a PM fiber as the lead-in and observing the reflections on the slow and fast axes.Master of Science
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Wadia, Khursheed. "The PCF and the question of intellectual workers : the crisis of social ideology." Thesis, Aston University, 1986. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/10293/.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this thesis is to examine the approach of the Parti Communiste Franc cais (from 1956 to 1982) to the emergence of new strata of salaried `intellectual workers' (technicians, engineers, low to middle managers in industry and commerce, scientific researchers, teachers etc) parallelled by the gradual diminution of the traditional industrial working class which forms the core of the Party's support base. This examination is carried out in the context of the debate in France (initiated in the 1950s by social theorists of the Left) on the class membership and role of these strata. The reason for the emergence of such a debate is that in a society given to both a rapid evolution of its social structure and an increased polarisation between Left and Right, a precise knowledge of the objective and subjective determinations of new strata would enable parties to the Left to make proper distinctions between potential allies and adversaries. The thesis posits the view that the PCF has failed to make correct distinctions between its potential allies and adversaries and has thus pursued unsuccessful alliance strategies. The thesis contributes towards a scientifically-based understanding of one of the reasons governing the PCF's steady decline since the 1950s.