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Journal articles on the topic 'Peace and Conflict Studies'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 26 January 2023

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1

Jaelani, Achmad, Uus Ruswandi, and Mohamad Erihadiana. "CONFLICT STUDIES TOWARDS PEACE STUDIES (CONFLICT RESOLUTION)." IJGIE (International Journal of Graduate of Islamic Education) 2, no. 1 (March 4, 2021): 40–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.37567/ijgie.v2i1.343.

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The purpose of writing this article is to study and understand the study of conflict towards peace. This research is motivated by the diversity of ethnicity, ethnicity, language, culture, religion and other differences that cause conflicts between people. The impact and changes that occur after this conflict raise the question of how this conflict can make changes that give birth to various forms and patterns of conflict and provide solutions for resolution. This paper will explain several subjects which will later illustrate the position of conflict studies towards the study of peace. The first part of the writing will discuss the conflict and the dynamics of the conflict. In the second part of the discussion will focus on the relationship between conflicts with solutions to resolution and the variety of conflicts that arise from changes that occur.
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Aji, M. Prakoso, and Jerry Indrawan. "UNDERSTANDING PEACE STUDIES AS PART OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS." Jurnal Pertahanan & Bela Negara 9, no. 3 (December 13, 2019): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.33172/jpbh.v9i3.645.

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<p>Peace Studies is a discipline that is derived from International Relations. With the development of International Relations, they are dealing with cases related to conflicts and wars between states, as well as states with non-states. For this reason, Peace Studies was born so that it can focus on discussing issues surrounding conflict, war, and resolution efforts. Peace Studies in general are associated with the concept of conflict resolution. One method of conflict resolution in Peace Studies is the concept of conflict transformation. Conflict transformation is not only aimed at stopping conflict and to change patterns of negative relations between conflicting parties, but also to change the political, social and economic structure that causes the patterns of negative relations. Peace Studies offers a new analysis of how International Relations should look at the complexity of relations between actors. The author did not conduct field research related to this article, but conduct a conceptual research through literature study. The purpose of this article is to see how Peace Studies can help answer problems in International Relations related to conflicts or wars that occur internationally.</p><p><strong>Keywords:</strong> peace studies, conflict, armed conflict, violence, and conflict transformation</p>
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3

LeBillon, Philippe, and Rosaleen V. Duffy. "Conflict ecologies: Connecting political ecology and peace and conflict studies." Journal of Political Ecology 25, no. 1 (July 31, 2018): 239. http://dx.doi.org/10.2458/v25i1.22704.

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Conflict is at the core of many political ecology studies. Yet there has been limited engagement between political ecology and the field of peace and conflict studies. This lack of connection reflects in part the broader disciplinary context of these two fields. Whereas political ecology research mostly comes from disciplines that eschewed environmental determinism, such as human geography, much of peace and conflict studies is associated with political science using positivist approaches to determine the causal effects of environmental factors on conflicts. Yet greater connections are possible, notably in light of political ecology's renewed engagement with 'materialism', and peace and conflict studies’ increasingly nuanced mixed-methods research on environment-related conflicts. Furthermore, political ecology's emphasis on uneven power relations and pursuit of environmental justice resonates with the structural violence approaches and social justice agenda of peace and conflict studies. This paper provides an overview of the differing conceptualizations and analyses of environmental conflict under the labels of political ecology and peace and conflict studies, and points at opportunities for closer connections.
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Chowdhury, Arjun. "Conflict and Peace Studies." Millennium: Journal of International Studies 36, no. 2 (April 2008): 376–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/03058298080360020207.

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Cooper, Robin. "Peace and Conflict Studies." Peace Review 26, no. 4 (October 2, 2014): 514–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10402659.2014.972250.

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6

Habibal, Omar. "Evolution of International Peace and Conflict Resolution Studies." International Journal of Social Science Research and Review 2, no. 3 (December 1, 2019): 8–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.47814/ijssrr.v2i3.23.

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In this paper review of the International Peace literature, specifically exploring the contemporary trends that function to align International Peace theory and practice with dominant interests. I begin with a critical historical overview of the development of this field, looking at the primary influences that have shaped and continue to impact it. A variation on this, peace studies (irenology), is an interdisciplinary effort aiming at the prevention, de-escalation, and solution of conflicts by peaceful means, thereby seeking "victory" for all parties involved in the conflict. This is in contrast to military studies, which has as its aim on the efficient attainment of victory in conflicts, primarily by violent means to the satisfaction of one or more, but not all, parties involved. Disciplines involved may include philosophy, political science, geography, economics, psychology, sociology, international relations, history, anthropology, religious studies, and gender studies, as well as a variety of others. Relevant sub-disciplines of such fields, such as peace economics, may be regarded as belonging to peace and conflict studies also. This establishes a power disparity between the conflict actors and the conflict resolution theorists/ practitioners, exacerbating the distance between the two groups and privileging the latter.
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7

KATZ, NEIL H. "Conflict Resolution and Peace Studies." ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 504, no. 1 (July 1989): 14–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002716289504001002.

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8

Ryan, Stephen. "Peace and conflict studies today." Global Review of Ethnopolitics 2, no. 2 (January 2003): 75–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14718800308405138.

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9

Hogbladh, S. "Peace agreements in armed conflicts: focusing on finding a solution to the conflict incompatibility." Pathways to Peace and Security, no. 2 (2021): 11–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/2307-1494-2021-2-11-23.

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The Uppsala Conflict Data Program’s (UCDP) Peace Agreement Dataset was first published in 2006. Its main goal was to provide the research community with a dataset on peace agreements that was not linked to conflict termination, i. e. included both successful and failed agreements. The latest update of the dataset includes 355 peace agreements concluded in the 1975–2018 period. A number of studies have been based on the dataset over the years. The dataset is unique in its strict connection to the UCDP conflict data and in its focus on the conflict dyad, actors, and the conflict incompatibility. The dataset’s focus on only those agreements that involve the dyadic relationship between primary warring parties – between governments and rebel groups or between two governments – has direct policy implications, as it is exactly these parties who need to change their stances on incompatibilities in order to solve a conflict. Also, the Peace Agreement Dataset’s focus on agreements that address the key incompatibilities contested by the parties allow it to distinguish peace agreements on other negotiated deals, including ceasefires, and to differentiate between full, partial and peace process agreements. Finally, the analysis of key trends in peace agreements is presented. It shows that in contrast to the previous historical peak in the number of armed conflicts back in the early 1990s that corresponded to the peak in annual numbers of peace agreements, the new peak in annual numbers of armed conflicts in the late 2010s was not matched by a similar rise in peace agreements.
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10

Sinulingga, Anita Afriani, Abdul Halim, and Putiviola Elian Nasir. "Bencana dan Konflik: Pelajaran dari Aceh dan Sri Lanka." Andalas Journal of International Studies (AJIS) 9, no. 2 (November 30, 2020): 203. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/ajis.9.1.203-217.2020.

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Several academic studies have given birth to the notion that natural disasters and conflicts have a close relationship. Under certain conditions, the disaster functions to bring peace in conflict areas. However, it has not explained how the peace process can affect the dynamics of conflict. This paper aims to analyze the factors that cause conflict in a disaster area to transform into peace or vice versa. The prolonged social conflicts in the Indonesian provinces of Aceh (1976–2005) and Sri Lanka (1983–2009) are examples of cases where the tsunami disaster in December 2004 led to a peace agreement in Aceh, which was not long in the future while failing to bring peace to Sri Lanka. The research conduct with descriptive qualitative methods and internet-based literature study techniques. This paper finds that disaster is a catalyst for the peace process, not determining peace. The transformation of conflict into peace influence by four factors: poverty, state capacity, negotiations, and internationalization of conflicts. These factors that can create peace also depend much on pre-disaster and post-disaster peace efforts.
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11

Dr. Bakht Rawan and Syed Inam ur Rahman. "Comparative Frame Analysis of Coverage of Kashmir Conflict in Indian and Pakistani Newspapers from War/Peace Journalism Perspective." sjesr 3, no. 2 (June 28, 2020): 338–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.36902/sjesr-vol3-iss2-2020(338-345).

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The study analyzes press coverage of Kashmir conflict in Indian and Pakistani leading English newspapers from war/peace journalism perspective. The results show that print media of both the countries were more war-oriented than peace. They were following respective national policies in reporting the Kashmir conflict. War journalism indicators in the coverage of the conflict had outnumbered the peace-journalism indicators. The results confirm previous research studies’ findings regarding the role (negative) of national media in de-escalation of inter-state conflicts. It indicates that conventional media prioritizes coverage of possible conflict scenario in war frames and ignores peace approaches and hence fuels the conflicts further.
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12

Johns, Michael. "Book Review: Conflict and Peace Studies." Millennium: Journal of International Studies 37, no. 2 (December 2008): 492–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/03058298080370021404.

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Glaesel Frontani, Heidi. "Book Review: Conflict and Peace Studies." Millennium: Journal of International Studies 38, no. 1 (August 2009): 180–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/03058298090380010108.

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14

Karcic, Harun. "Book Review: Conflict and Peace Studies." Millennium: Journal of International Studies 38, no. 2 (December 2009): 460–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/03058298090380021301.

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15

Chandler, David. "Book Review: Conflict and Peace Studies." Millennium: Journal of International Studies 38, no. 3 (May 2010): 843–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/03058298100380031301.

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16

Horesh, Andrew. "Book Review: Conflict and Peace Studies." Millennium: Journal of International Studies 35, no. 1 (December 2006): 214–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/03058298060350010507.

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17

Brown, Rory Stephen. "Book Review: Conflict and Peace Studies." Millennium: Journal of International Studies 35, no. 2 (March 2007): 468–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/03058298070350020908.

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18

Petersen, Karen Lund. "Book Review: Conflict and Peace Studies." Millennium: Journal of International Studies 36, no. 3 (May 2008): 657–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/03058298080360031407.

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19

Kriesberg, Louis. "CONFLICT RESOLUTION APPLICATIONS TO PEACE STUDIES." Peace & Change 16, no. 4 (October 1991): 400–417. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0130.1991.tb00677.x.

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20

Fernando, Jude Lal. "Framings of Religion, Conflict and Peace." International Journal of Asian Christianity 4, no. 2 (August 27, 2021): 177–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/25424246-04020002.

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Abstract The dominant discourse on the interplay of religion, conflict, and peace is constructed on a Western liberal peace agenda which marginalises many voices for just peace. In analysing the role of Christianity in conflict and peace in Asia, the authors of this issue have adopted a critically self-reflective methodology by listening to the deep yearnings of the afflicted ones in conflict zones in West Asia, South Asia, South East Asia and East Asia. These seven articles critique not only exclusionary politics and religious identities, but also identify alternative theological practices for just peace while contributing to the public debate on the role of religion in both conflict and peace.
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21

Tripathi, Siddharth, and Kristina Roepstorff. "Decentering Peace and Conflict Studies: Conceptualisations of Peace in India." Zeitschrift für Friedens- und Konfliktforschung 9, no. 1 (July 26, 2019): 79–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42597-019-00014-z.

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22

Svyrydenko, Denys, Weizhen Gao, and Chengzhang Zou. "HIGHER EDUCATION AS A TOOL OF PEACEBUILDING AND DECOLONIZATION: UKRAINIAN CASE AND GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE." Educational Discourse: collection of scientific papers, no. 14(6) (July 15, 2019): 45–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.33930/ed.2019.5007.14(6)-4.

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The conceptualization of the possibilities of Ukrainian higher education as an instrument of peace-building is proposed to be based on a multidimensional approach that has to combine the approaches of modern philosophy of education, educational policy, cultural studies, history, law and political science fruitfully. The experience of educational peace-building is an entire powerful area at modern war and peace studies, and the educational practices of peace-building offered by the other countries’ (Israeli, etc.) education system are valuable to a number of societies included in conflicts. As one of the mentioned educational practices of Israeli education, that could have been implemented in the Ukrainian conflict and, hopefully post-conflict reality (schools of peace, education camps for peace, etc.).
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23

Putri, Penny Kurnia. "Manajemen Konflik dan Resolusi Konflik: Sebuah Pendekatan Terhadap Perdamaian." Papua Journal of Diplomacy and International Relations 2, no. 1 (May 30, 2022): 16–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.31957/pjdir.v2i1.1945.

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Although much literature has examined conflict management and conflict resolution, there have not yet been systematic studies that focus on their discrepancies. This article aims to explore the difference between conflict management and conflict resolution in the context of international relations. The discussion includes the theoretical and practical aspects of both approaches to peace based on a literature review of primary texts in Security and Peace Studies. This study adopts a qualitative descriptive method to shed light on the difference between the two approaches. In reference to the concept of negative and positive peace, theoretically, conflict management is engaged in negative peace, and conflict resolution in positive peace. Conflict management has the output to open room for peace processes such as negotiations, and conflict resolution to create peace agreements. Both approaches contribute significantly as keys to the transition towards peace through peace operations and supporting mechanisms to bring the finest negotiations. KEYWORDSConflict Management; Conflict Resolution; Negotiation; Peace
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24

Genyk, Mykola. "Methodological problems of interdisciplinary peace research." Political Studies, no. 1 (2021): 8–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.53317/2786-4774-2021-1-1.

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The increase in international tensions and the threat of global selfdestruction has determined the appearance of new interdisciplinary sciences aimed to investigate ways of contradictions resolving and raising the peace process’s effectiveness. Since the Second World War, issues of peace have become the object of study for several disciplines: polemology, eirenology, conflict resolution, and peace studies. They coexisted and rivalled in questions of methods and ways of cognition and achievement of peace. From 1960 to 1980, peace studies had been taking the first place. It had broadened and deepened the object and methods of peace research and been transformed into a separate interdisciplinary scientific field for studying and analyzing the preconditions for forging a lasting peace. Peace studies has combined conflict studies, development studies, philosophical-ethical reflections, historical context, and the international relations theory. Within peace research, two main schools have coalesced. The American traditional school (J. Burton) went in for peace keeping through predominantly analyzing international relations, arms control, disarmament, balance of power, and methods to establish peace „from the top”. The Scandinavian critical school (J. Galtung, B. V. A. Rolling, K. Boulding), based on updated social doctrine of the catholic church (the encyclicals of Pope John XXIII and Pope Paul VI), studied the underlying basis of conflict, having developed the theory of positive peace as a state of absence of not only direct but also of structural violence. Since the beginning of the 21st century, over 300 academic institutions and universities have been engaged in peace studies. Current peace research focuses on problems of global climate change, terrorism, sustainable development, failed states, and violation of human rights. At the same time, unsteady terminology is a significant problem of peace studies. R. Seidelman spoke about peace studies as a discipline in its infant stage. Evidently, a hybrid type of warfare, novel compound risks and threats to international security will promote the appearance of new directions of peace research. Key words: war, conflict, peace studies, peace research, peace process, conflict resolution, polemology.
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Akinola, Adeoye O., and Ufo Okeke Uzodike. "Ubuntu and the Quest for Conflict Resolution in Africa." Journal of Black Studies 49, no. 2 (October 28, 2017): 91–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021934717736186.

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Many postcolonial African states have experienced violent conflicts, prompting the quest for viable approaches to conflict resolution and peace-building. Certain groups’ desire to control power and resources at the expense of others lies at the heart of the racism, civil wars, armed insurrections, terrorism, ethnic conflict, genocide, xenophobia, and intracommunity and domestic conflict prevalent in Africa, particularly in countries that experienced prolonged foreign domination. The quest for peace and security led to the resurgence of Ubuntu, an African humanist ideology, as an indigenous approach to conflict resolution and peace-building. This article explores the place of Ubuntu in the continent’s peace and security projects. Despite the utility of Ubuntu’s principles in a few postconflict societies, the article highlights the difficulties involved in its adoption by state institutions, mainly due to the complex interactions exemplified by the modern state. However, adherence to the principles of Ubuntu by state and nonstate actors would drastically reduce threats to peace and security in Africa.
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Chrismas, Robert, and Sean Byrne. "The Evolving Peace and Conflict Studies Discipline." Journal for Peace and Justice Studies 27, no. 2 (2017): 98–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/peacejustice201727215.

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27

McLeod, Laura, and Maria O’Reilly. "Critical peace and conflict studies: feminist interventions." Peacebuilding 7, no. 2 (March 20, 2019): 127–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21647259.2019.1588457.

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28

Lewis, David, John Heathershaw, and Nick Megoran. "Illiberal peace? Authoritarian modes of conflict management." Cooperation and Conflict 53, no. 4 (April 23, 2018): 486–506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0010836718765902.

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In a contested international order, ideas of liberal peacebuilding are being supplanted by state-centric, authoritarian responses to internal armed conflicts. In this article we suggest that existing research has not yet sufficiently recognised this important shift in conflict management practice. Scholarship in peace and conflict studies has avoided hard cases of ‘illiberal peace’, or categorises them simply as military victories. Drawing on accounts of state responses to conflicts in Russia, Sri Lanka, China, Ethiopia, Rwanda and Turkey, we develop an alternative conceptual framework to understand authoritarian conflict management as a form of wartime and post-conflict order in its own right. Although violence is central to these orders, we argue that they are also dependent on a much wider range of authoritarian policy responses, which we categorise in three major domains: firstly, discourse (state propaganda, information control and knowledge production); secondly, spatial politics (both military and civilian modes of controlling and shaping spaces); and thirdly, political economy (the hierarchical distribution of resources to produce particular political outcomes). In conclusion, we propose a research agenda that moves on from discussions of liberal peace to examine hard cases of contemporary conflict and conflict management.
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Clyne, Michael. "The role of linguistics in peace and conflict studies." Australian Review of Applied Linguistics 10, no. 1 (January 1, 1987): 76–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aral.10.1.05cly.

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Abstract This paper discusses various meanings of the word “peace” and its equivalents in a variety of languages. It argues that “peace” has developed as the marked alternative to “war”. It investigates the consequences of this use of language and suggests actions that linguists might take to reduce the markedness of “peace” at the international, national and interpersonal levels.
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Kwashi, Ben. "Conflict, Suffering and Peace in Nigeria." Transformation: An International Journal of Holistic Mission Studies 21, no. 1 (January 2004): 60–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026537880402100113.

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31

Lim, Youngseop, and Dong Jin Kim. "Mobilising Social Movement for Peace." International Journal of Asian Christianity 4, no. 2 (August 27, 2021): 248–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/25424246-04020007.

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Abstract Informed by the resource mobilisation theory, this article conducts a case study on Christianity in Korea, in order to explore the nexus between religion and social movements, and how this nexus could contribute to peace, rather than violence. Given its geopolitical dimensions, involving nuclear weapons and the legacy of the Cold War, the role of religion in the Korean conflict has been under-researched. Nonetheless, Christianity has influenced the Korean conflict, with its association with anticommunism, as well as with peace movements. This article argues that Christian ecumenical organisations in the context of the Korean conflict utilised their social resources for peace and reconciliation, when they rediscovered the just peace tradition in Christianity. This article contributes to theoretical and practical discussions surrounding religion, war, and peace, by conceptualising just peace in the Christian tradition, and by adding empirical substance to the nexus between ecumenism and social movement for just peace.
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Brigg, Morgan, and Nicole George. "Emplacing the spatial turn in peace and conflict studies." Cooperation and Conflict 55, no. 4 (November 26, 2020): 409–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0010836720954488.

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This introduction provides an overview for the following collection of articles that engage with, and aim to extend, recent scholarship emphasising space as a category of analysis in peace and conflict studies. Attempts to ‘spatialise’ this field of enquiry have emphasised the ways actors and ideas travel and transform across scale (from the personal to the local, regional and global) and how agents, actors and identities constitute, and are constituted by, space and place in dynamics of conflict and peace. Attention to space has increased appreciation of the complex nature of nature of war- and peace-‘scapes’, and reflects upon space as material and symbolic, given meaning through peoples’ embodied activity and interactions. The articles in this issue engage with the foundations of the spatial turn and build upon innovations in spatial analysis of peace and conflict by focussing on the idea of ‘emplacement’ and emplaced security as critical to peacebuilding efforts and processes of conflict transition. To do so, we consider place in a relational sense, focussing on attachment, affective connection and narratives of place-identity as these are connected with conflict management, security, governance and political ordering.
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Cohen-Chen, Smadar, Richard J. Crisp, and Eran Halperin. "Hope Comes in Many Forms." Social Psychological and Personality Science 8, no. 2 (September 21, 2016): 153–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1948550616667612.

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In conflicts, political attitudes are based to some extent on the perception of the out-group as sharing the goal of peace and supporting steps to achieve it. However, intractable conflicts are characterized by inconsistent and negative interactions, which prevent clear messages of out-group support. This problem calls for alternative ways to convey support between groups in conflict. One such method is emotional expressions. The current research tested whether, in the absence of out-group support for peace, observing expressions of out-group hope induces conciliatory attitudes. Results from two experimental studies, conducted within the Israeli–Palestinian conflict, revealed support for this hypothesis. Expressions of Palestinian hope induced acceptance of a peace agreement through Israeli hope and positive perceptions of the proposal when out-group support expressions were low. Findings demonstrate the importance of hope as a means of conveying information within processes of conflict resolution, overriding messages of low out-group support for peace.
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Ossai, Emmanuel Chiwetalu. "COVID-19 and Peace in Conflict-Affected Areas." Encyclopedia 2, no. 4 (September 28, 2022): 1678–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/encyclopedia2040114.

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The relationship between COVID-19 and peace has been considered from a variety of perspectives. In addition, different empirical studies on the link between the pandemic and peace in conflict-affected areas exist. However, little work has been performed on examining these studies to highlight key findings on the theme of COVID-19 and peace in conflict-affected areas. A conflict-affected area is a country, or part of a country, where widespread violence or armed conflict was present when COVID-19 emerged in December 2019, or that was transitioning from recent armed conflict to peace by the time the disease arose. What do we know, so far, about how peace has been affected by the COVID-19 pandemic in conflict-affected areas? To address this question, this paper begins by recognizing the multidimensionality of peace and clarifying that the main aspects of peace in conflict-affected areas being considered in the article are relations between conflict parties, peace efforts, and peace processes. Afterwards, the paper discusses existing evidence regarding the impact of COVID-19 and state responses to it on these components of peace in conflict-affected areas. The conflict-affected areas considered include Afghanistan, Colombia, Iraq, Israel-Palestine, Libya, Myanmar, Nigeria, South Sudan, Syria, the Philippines, Yemen, and other zones. The central finding of the article is that the existing studies on COVID-19 and peace in conflict-affected areas present mixed findings. On the one hand, the virus generated opportunities for cooperation between conflict parties in some cases, such as in the West Bank and Gaza Strip of Israel-Palestine. However, on the other hand, it created conditions that enabled conflict and impeded peace efforts and processes in many or most conflict-affected areas. The paper explains that two factors that determined how the disease affected peace in conflict-affected and non-conflict-affected areas are the pre-COVID-19 political and socio-economic conditions in an area, and how state and non-state actors responded to the pandemic. The article closes with a summary of the discussion and identification of its major limitations.
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Manaut, Raúúl Beníítez, Andrew Selee, and Cynthia J. Arnson. "Frozen Negotiations: The Peace Process in Chiapas." Mexican Studies/Estudios Mexicanos 22, no. 1 (2006): 131–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/msem.2006.22.1.131.

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Mexico's democratic transition has helped reduce, if not eliminate, the threat of renewed armed conflict in Chiapas. However, absent more active measures from the government and the Ejéército Zapatista de Liberacióón Nacional (EZLN) to seek a permanent peace agreement and come to terms with the legacies of the past, the conflict will linger on in an unstable déétente, which we term ““armed peace.”” While this situation is far better than the open hostilities of the past, it also belies the promise of a fully democratic society in which all citizens are equally included in the political process. La transicióón democráática en Mééxico ha contribuido a reducir, si no eliminar, la posibilidad de que el conflicto armado en Chiapas se reanude. Sin embargo, sin esfuerzos mas activos por parte del gobierno y del Ejéército Zapatista de Liberacióón Nacional (EZLN) para buscar un acuerdo de paz permanente y saldar cuentas con el pasado, el conflicto permaneceráá en un estado inestable que llamamos ““paz armada””. Aunque esta situacióón es mucho mejor que las tensiones y agresiones del pasado, no cumple los requisitos de una sociedad plenamente democráática en que todos los ciudadanos participan en condiciones de igualdad en el proceso políítico.
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Muscat, Robert J. "Peace and Conflict: Engineering Responsibilities and Opportunities." International Journal of Engineering, Social Justice, and Peace 2, no. 1 (May 30, 2013): 3–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.24908/ijesjp.v2i1.3661.

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In many conflicts, the consequences of engineering projects are among the problems at issue, and engineers are unavoidably parties to the problems. Engineers need to raise their awareness of the potential effects of their projects, especially in situations of serious social and political contention, and to explore alternative designs or engineering solutions, and methods of implementation, that may ameliorate rather than exacerbate tensions. Engineers will also need to dialogue effectively with the many stakeholders affected if these projects are to be politically viable and achieve their technical purposes. The paper draws on several case studies of engineering projects in conflict situations, especially in developing countries. The article offers a check list of factors to take into account when designing and locating power, irrigation, mining, transport, and other types of engineering projects, in areas of conflict or potential conflict. The focus of the paper is primarily, but not entirely, on social conflict.
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Aldea, Claudiu-Bogdan. "Elections as a Mechanism of Peace. The Cases of Liberia and The Central African Republic." Studia Universitatis Babeș-Bolyai Studia Europaea 67, no. 2 (December 30, 2022): 57–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/subbeuropaea.2022.2.03.

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"The paper analyses the normative and empirical capacity of elections to function as a peace mechanism in the early stages of the recovery period. Accordingly, the analysis is based on a theoretical framework that draws attention to the timing of elections in post-conflict societies. Moreover, in order to operationalize such theoretical aspects, the paper focuses on two relevant case studies: the 1997 elections in Liberia (perceived as post-conflict) and the 2020-2021 elections in The Central African Republic (early peace process – not void of conflict). Accordingly, the paper poses the following research questions: How was the prospect of organizing these rounds of election received by the parties involved in the conflict? How did these rounds of election relate to the peace process? Do elections represent an adequate mechanism to achieve positive peace in post-conflict societies? Keywords: elections, peace studies, post-conflict development, peace building, systemic violence."
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Bajon, Theò. "Peace and conflict studies: perspectives from South Asia." International Affairs 97, no. 6 (November 1, 2021): 2015–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ia/iiab131.

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39

Mac Ginty, Roger. "Complementarity and Interdisciplinarity in Peace and Conflict Studies." Journal of Global Security Studies 4, no. 2 (March 19, 2019): 267–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jogss/ogz002.

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40

Bright, Jonathan, and John Gledhill. "A Divided Discipline? Mapping Peace and Conflict Studies." International Studies Perspectives 19, no. 2 (February 23, 2018): 128–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/isp/ekx009.

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41

Suprianto, Bibi. "Religious Conflict and Islamic Strategies of Peacebuilding in Indonesia." ADDIN 16, no. 1 (June 1, 2022): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.21043/addin.v16i1.12877.

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<p align="left">Religious conflict is not only a matter of religion, but also a matter of human life who wants peace in life. By understanding the Islamic strategy in building peace in Indonesia, we can find conflict resolution that must be developed in life. This study argues that conflict and Islam’s strategy in building peace is a study of conflict resolution in overcoming violence and truth claims in religion. Thus, this study formulates the question of how religious conflict and Islamic strategies of peace building in Indonesia are? This study uses the library research to find sources of conflict and Islamic strategies in building peace in Indonesia. The results of this study indicate that conflict and Islamic strategies in building peace provide an overview: (1) the conflict has become a public debate about truth claims and religious violence; (2) religious culture and moderation are the strategy of Islam in building peace in Indonesia. The findings of this study indicate that conflict and Islamic strategies in building peace as conflict resolution exist in Indonesia.</p>
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Quinn, Jason, Madhav Joshi, and Erik Melander. "One Dyadic Peace Leads to Another? Conflict Systems, Terminations, and Net Reduction in Fighting Groups." International Studies Quarterly 63, no. 4 (September 11, 2019): 863–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/isq/sqz073.

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Abstract Governments often fight multiple civil conflicts simultaneously and each conflict can have multiple groups. Prior research on civil war termination and recurrence has been conducted at either the conflict level, once all the groups have been terminated, or the dyadic level, which examines group terminations in a conflict separately as more or less independent processes. Hence, conflict-level studies mostly tell us how to preserve peace once a civil war has already ended, while dyadic studies mostly tell us about the durability of specific group-level terminations within the larger process that led to that ending. As a result, our understanding of how ongoing civil wars are brought to a close is limited, particularly, with respect to multiparty conflicts. In this study, we put forth a systems approach that treats dyadic terminations as connected processes where group terminations influence the future behavior of other groups, incentivizing the system toward greater aggregate peace or conflict. Analyzing 264 dyadic terminations, the findings suggest that the most effective strategy for governments to reduce systemic conflict is to demonstrate to other groups that they have the political will and capacity to implement security, political, and social reforms as part of a larger reform-oriented peace process. Viable implementation can be followed by the concomitant use of military victories against remaining groups with great success. However, military victories achieved in isolation, that is, outside of a reform-process, do not reduce future levels of conflict even if they themselves are durable.
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Suurmond, Jeannine, Alexandros Lordos, and Prakash Mani Sharma. "Blessing or Burden? The Impact of Peace Services on Peace and Violence in Nepal." Journal of Peacebuilding & Development 12, no. 1 (April 2017): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15423166.2017.1281678.

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Recent literature highlights the potential of infrastructures for peace for peacebuilding and violence prevention. An increasing number of studies examine cases of infrastructures for peace, yet little is known about the services individuals actually use when facing conflict. This study investigates local agency in the context of infrastructures for peace in Nepal. Adopting a quantitative approach, we explore the relationship between use of third party support for dealing with conflict (‘peace services’) and individual experiences of peace and violence. Results show that the more respondents reported use of services that actively engage their recipients in dealing with their conflicts, such as mediation, the more peace they experienced in different dimensions of their lives and the lower their propensity for violence was. In contrast, the more respondents reported use of services that require only passive involvement and do not directly focus on the conflict at hand, such as sharing information, the less intrapersonal and intercommunity peace they experienced and the higher their propensity for violence was. Encouraging the use of active peace services could allow more people to enjoy their benefits and ultimately prevent violence and strengthen peace. Future research could further explore the linkages between everyday use of third party support and people's experience of peace and violent behaviour, including direction of effect.
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Ekpe, Dickson E. "The United Nations Security Council Resolution 1325 (Unscr 1325) and The Challenges of Women Participation in Peace Building and Conflict Resolution in Nigeria: Critical Analysis." Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal 6, no. 12 (January 2, 2020): 224–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/assrj.612.7332.

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In 31 October, 2000, the United Nations Security Council adopted and signed SC Resolution 1325 on Women Peace and Security. Resolution 1325 recognizes that civilian, particularly women and children are the worst affected by conflict. Resolution 1325 call for women participation in conflict prevention and resolution initiative, the integration of gender perspective in peace building, peace keeping mission and the protection of women in regions of conflict. The resolution reaffirms the important role of women in the prevention and resolution of conflicts, peace negotiations, peace-building, peace keeping, humanitarian response and in post-conflict reconstruction; stressing the importance of equal participation in peace and security. In Africa, women participation in policy making, peace building and conflict resolution is still faced with setbacks despite the passing of the SCR 1325 two decades ago. Findings from this study has shown that, women have been subjected to domination by men as a result of persisting cultural stereotypes, abuse of religious and traditional practices, patriarchal societal structures in which economic, political and social power are dominated by men while women played the role of followers of male decision-makers. The study identifies such challenges for a change or reforms them. The paper reviewed many of the extant studies on the role and potentials of women in peace building and conflict resolution. Analyzing those challenges inhibiting the participation of women in peace process. The paper adopted the qualitative approach whereby data collected from secondary sources were reviewed, explained and analyzed within the purview of the study. The paper conclude, the views that bringing women into the peace process, as participation of women makes it sustainable and reduces possibility of inadequate outcome or failure of the entire process, may be an illusion. Unless the women are economically and politically empowered, as one of the outstanding equality of peace-makers or negotiators is the amount of political and economic influence they possessed. Only elite centric gender blind composition of negotiation and peace process team cannot ensure sustainable peace process as there could be no peace with one side so disadvantaged.
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Krause, Ulrike, and Nadine Segadlo. "Conflict, Displacement … and Peace? A Critical Review of Research Debates." Refugee Survey Quarterly 40, no. 3 (August 13, 2021): 271–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rsq/hdab004.

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Abstract The nexus of violent conflict and forced migration has received continuous scholarly attention since the 1980s, but what are the focus areas and key strands in these research debates? Based on a semi-systematic review of research published between 1980 and 2020, this article examines debates about conflict, displacement, and peace. The review leads to the identification of three main strands that are closely connected: the structural links outlining how conflicts contribute to displacements; the various prevailing risks of violence; and the individual and collective strategies of displaced people to cope with dangers and experiences especially in host countries and regions. Despite this broad and still-growing body of literature, peace is found to have been insufficiently addressed in debates thus far. Only few studies attend to peace, and they mainly connect it to return to places of origin, peace(building) education by aid actors, or partly displaced people being potential destabilisers of peace processes. Hence, the roles of peace and displaced people’s practices to support peace constitute key areas requiring further research going forwards.
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Sharma, Aparajita. "Education for Peace: Transforming the Culture of Violence." Space and Culture, India 1, no. 1 (May 1, 2013): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.20896/saci.v1i1.15.

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The paper narrates the conceptual framework of ‘Education for Peace’ and its need especially in regions, which have seen ethnic conflicts. In Education for Peace, the educator and the educand are seen as transformative agents and not mere passive recipients. Their role is not restricted to the close precincts of the classroom and the ‘schooled’ world but to the larger community and the lived experiences of the educand and the educator. Its importance in the curriculum of school education is widely felt as well. In conflict prone or post conflict regions where collective memories of the past conflict and collective hopes of the future are contested, understanding the views and collective hopes of the ‘other’ becomes imperative. In this context, I would like to explain the concept of ‘Education for Peace’, its approaches and prerequisites and locate the contesting spaces, structure, content, images, processes in school education by reviewing empirical and theoretical studies on ‘Education for Peace’. It further delves into ethnicity and ethnic conflicts and probes how it makes different meaning in different contexts. The paper leaves scope for exploring educator-educand relationship, identity construction rather reinforcement though school education for transforming violence of culture in regions which is facing identity crisis and conflict.
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Conrad, Courtenay R., Jacqueline HR DeMeritt, Daniel W. Hill, Ryan M. Welch, and Joseph K. Young. "Will H. Moore’s enduring contribution to peace and conflict studies." Conflict Management and Peace Science 36, no. 6 (October 11, 2019): 563–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0738894219881424.

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This special issue is dedicated to Will H. Moore’s enduring influence on peace science research and the community of peace science scholars. The five pieces in this special issue exemplify Will’s dedication to the development of rigorous concepts and theories that generate testable hypotheses about political violence and are evaluated using novel, fine-grained data. Will’s pioneering contributions to the study of peace science were both direct—through his scholarship—and indirect—through the mentorship of his students. All of the articles in this special issue were written by former students or scholars directly influenced by Will’s research and mentorship.
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Meagher, Kristen, Hala Mkhallalati, Nassim El Achi, and Preeti Patel. "A missing piece in the Health for Peace agenda: gender diverse leadership and governance." BMJ Global Health 7, Suppl 8 (October 2022): e007742. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2021-007742.

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The purpose of this paper is to explore how gender diverse leadership and governance of health systems may contribute to the Health for Peace Agenda. Despite recent momentum, the evidence base to support, implement and evaluate ‘Health for Peace’ programmes remains limited and policy-makers in conflict settings do not consider peace when developing and implementing interventions and health policies. Through this analysis, we found that gender diverse leadership in health systems during active conflict offers greater prospects for sustainable peace and more equitable social economic recovery in the post-conflict period. Therefore, focusing on gender diversity of leadership and governance in health systems strengthening offers a novel way of linking peace and health, particularly in active conflict settings. While components of health systems are beginning to incorporate a gender lens, there remains significant room for improvement particularly in complex and protracted conflicts. Two case studies are explored, north-west Syria and Afghanistan, to highlight that an all-encompassing health systems focus may provide an opportunity for further understanding the link between gender, peace and health in active conflict and advocate for long-term investment in systems impacted by conflict. This approach may enable women and gender minorities to have a voice in the decision-making of health programmes and interventions that supports systems, and enables the community-led and context-specific knowledge and action required to address the root causes of inequalities and inequities in systems and societies.
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Himmer, Michael. "Alpaslan Özerdem – Roger Mac Ginty (eds.)." Czech Journal of International Relations 57, no. 2 (October 5, 2022): 81–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.32422/cjir.7.

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This book offers a comparative survey of 18 contemporary peace processes conducted by leading international scholars. There is no standard model of peace processes and all will vary according to the context, type of conflict, timing, national and global economic climate, and factors like natural disasters. Therefore, making comparisons between peace processes is difficult, but it is beneficial – indeed, imperative – and is the principal motivation behind this volume. What works in one context may not work in another, but it can be modified and adapted to fit another context. The book is structured to maximise comparison between processes, and the case studies chosen are topical and span the major regions of the world. The concluding chapter systematically compares the case studies around 11 variables that cover the conflict context, peace process procedures, the responsiveness of the peace process to demands, and levels of participation and inclusion. Each peace process is then given a numeric score according to each of these variables, and the book thereby reaches judgements on whether each case can be termed a ‘success’ or a ‘failure’. This book will be essential reading for students of peace studies, conflict resolution, war and conflict studies, security studies, and IR.
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Cárdenas, Magda Lorena. "Exploring women’s vision(s) of peace: towards feminist peace in Myanmar and Georgia?" European Journal of Politics and Gender 5, no. 1 (February 1, 2022): 7–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/251510821x16334463779354.

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This article contributes to the discussion of what feminist peace entails and how women peace activists in different contexts understand it. By analysing the work of three women’s organisations in Myanmar and Georgia, I highlight diversity in the conceptualisation of feminist peace. I argue that the idea of gender equality as an intrinsic aspect of peace constitutes a common feature of these organisations’ peace work. However, this goal can be pursued through different political strategies and arenas. In particular, visions of feminist peace are shaped by the context of conflict and the position of women’s organisations in relation to the conflict parties. The findings reveal substantial differences in how feminist peace is envisioned, from a militant approach focused on conflict settlement, to an alternative means of conflict transformation that seeks to reimagine key conflict issues.
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