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SANTISO, CARLOS. "Promoting Democratic Governance and Preventing the Recurrence of Conflict: The Role of the United Nations Development Programme in Post-Conflict Peace-Building." Journal of Latin American Studies 34, no. 3 (August 2002): 555–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022216x02006508.
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Promoting democracy and strengthening good governance have become core components of post-conflict peace-building initiatives of the United Nations (UN). An often overlooked dimension of the analysis of UN peace support operations has been the crucial role played by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) at the critical juncture linking peacekeeping to sustainable development. UN peace operations in Central America over the last decade have pioneered the organisation's involvement in the uncharted territory of post-conflict peace building. UNDP's Central American experience was the first step in the organisation's evolution away from providing traditional development assistance, towards playing an active and openly political role in post-conflict democracy building and governance reform. This new role of the UNDP has had dramatic repercussions on its mandate, administrative structures, corporate policies and operational strategies. The current institutional renewal of UNDP has its roots in its endorsement of democratic governance as essential dimensions of its mandate to promote sustainable human development. This article assesses the significance, promises and dilemmas of the governance agenda for UNDP and analyses the scope, nature and institutionalisation of democracy and governance programmes within UNDP, using Central America as a case study. It argues that the future of UNDP democracy assistance will largely depend on how successful it is at resolving the inherent tensions between democracy promotion and national sovereignty, while retaining its multilateral approach to peace and democracy.
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Páez, Darío. "Zúñiga, Claudia, and Wilson Lopez-Lopez, ed. 2021. Political psychology in Latin America. Washington: American Psychological Association. 268 p." Deusto Journal of Human Rights, no. 8 (December 28, 2021): 185–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.18543/djhr.2290.
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The book is part of the Psychology in Latin America series of the American Psychological Association (APA) edited by Judith Gibbons and Patricio Cumsille. The book presents a series of chapters written by Latin American researchers from Argentina, Colombia, Chile, El Salvador and Peru on different topics relevant to political psychology in Latin America. The problem of human rights violations and how to confront them, socio-political conflicts and the building of a culture of democracy and peace are transversal axes of the chapters of this book.
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Maguire, Daniel C. "The Abnormality of War: Dissecting the “Just War” Euphemisms and Building an Ethics of Peace." Horizons 33, no. 01 (2006): 111–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s036096690000298x.
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I dedicate this essay to a ten year old Afghan boy, Mohammed Noor. He was having his Sunday dinner when an American bomb struck. He lost both eyes and both hands. Who, with this child in mind, would dare sing “God bless America,” the hymn that would make God a co-conspirator with American war-makers? The sightless eyes of this child should haunt us to the end of our days and sear on our souls the absolute need to not just pray for peace, but to do something to make it happen.
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Wiggins, Eugene A. "That the People May Live: The Cowlitz Tribe's Journey of Peace and Justice." Journal of Pacific Rim Psychology 1, no. 2 (September 1, 2007): 44–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1375/prp.1.2.44.
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AbstractIn an age of conflict and violence, the human family seeks peace-building paradigms. ‘Wisdom’ in traditional Native American culture provides a lens for exploring peace psychology. Native American culture understands ‘wisdom’ to be, ‘that the people may live’. Living implies love of life, love of others' lives, and the right to life and dignity. Here lies wisdom, that people may live with peace and justice. The Cowlitz Indians of western Washington, United States (US), traditionally, based constructive relations on the wisdom of kinship values, an ethic of generosity and reciprocity towards the wider community. Despite land loss and assimilation efforts of the dominant society, the US federal government finally recognised the Cowlitz Nation. This long awaited acknowledgment, won through adherence to traditional wisdom and values, has provided affirmation ‘that the people may live’.
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Gitler, Inbal Ben-Asher. "Reconstructing Religions: Jewish place and space in the Jerusalem YMCA Building, 1919-1933." Zeitschrift für Religions- und Geistesgeschichte 60, no. 1 (2008): 41–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157007308783360543.
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AbstractThis paper discusses the representation of Jewish religion and culture in the architecture of the YMCA Building in Jerusalem, a prominent edifice built by the New York architect Arthur Loomis Harmon for the American YMCA. Within it, Jewish place and space were reconstructed as part of an architecture planned to promote Jewish, Christian and Moslem co-existence through an American secular cultural curriculum and a Christian vision of peace.
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Sellers, Robert P. "Interfaith relations and the Christian disciple: Living with others in the way of Jesus." Review & Expositor 114, no. 1 (February 2017): 34–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0034637317690390.
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People of other faith traditions are our fellow Americans in this religiously-diverse nation. Although some American Christians regrettably are judgmental, suspicious, fearful, or rejecting of the Religious Other in our midst, many do respect and welcome these followers of other spiritual paths and desire to speak of and act toward them in a kind, generous fashion. It is profoundly important that we learn how to live well with our neighbors who are different, not only because such behavior validates the message we preach about love and forgiveness, but also because building personal friendships makes for societal and even global peace. The best role model for how to treat others, including those who are religiously different, is arguably Jesus, who demonstrated in his words and actions why he was rightly called the “Prince of Peace.” If we choose to live with others in the way of Jesus, then at least in our individual “worlds”—and hopefully in the world at large—we will be doing the good work that will bring to reality the astute observation of Hans Küng: “There will be no world peace without peace between the world’s religions.”
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Dalipi, Dr Sc Samet. "American Jewish Altruism in Support of International Humanitarian Intervention and Kosovo Peace-building." ILIRIA International Review 5, no. 1 (June 30, 2015): 245. http://dx.doi.org/10.21113/iir.v5i1.19.
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At the end of 20th century, parts of Europe get caught again by xenophobia’s which were hidden under the rug of the Cold War. Balkans was again at the heart of eruptions of nationalistic ideas and hegemonistic aspirations. In resolving the last unsettled Kosovo case in the Balkans, west democracies corrected the mistake made at the beginning of the same century. In this direction gave input the Jewish community of USA. “We need to come out in defence of the defenceless victims ... cannot let people like Milosevic to continue killing men, women and children. We had to do this earlier, but not later or now”, said Elie Wiesel, the most prominent Jewish Nobel Prize winner, in a meeting with Holocaust survivors and veterans.This was not the only voice of the Jewish members in defence of Kosovo Albanians. A significant number of elite American-Jewish prominent politicians and diplomats, senior U.S. administration, from public life,...have been cautious in pursuit of developments in Kosovo before the war. Altruism within Jewish elite influenced or advised U.S. policy makers on the necessity of intervention in Kosovo, to prevent scenarios prepared by the Serbian regime to de'albanize Kosovo.They decided and implemented the diplomacy of dynamic actions in stopping the repetition of the similarities of holocaust within the same century. What prompted this perfectly organized community in the U.S., with distinctive culture and other religious affiliations to people of Kosovo to support them during exterminating circumstances? Which were the driving factors on influencing the policy of most powerful state in the world in support of Albanians? This paper aims to illuminate some of the answers on the raised question as well as analyze the activities of most prominent AmericanJewish personalities, some of their philanthropic actions that are associated with emotions, their principles and beliefs to prevent human suffering and exodus of Kosovo Albanians, similar to their holocaust but with different actors.
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Lee, Jae-Bong. "Peace Building on the Korean Peninsula Through South Korean-North Korean-American Summits." Religions of Korea 45 (February 28, 2019): 301–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.37860/krel.2019.02.45.301.
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Huda, Qamar-Ul. "Conflict prevention and peace-building efforts by American Muslim organizations following September 11." Journal of Muslim Minority Affairs 26, no. 2 (August 2006): 187–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13602000600937630.
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WESSELING, H. L. "Editorial: the American Century in Europe." European Review 12, no. 2 (May 2004): 123–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1062798704000122.
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In 1999, the Whitney Museum of American Art had a very successful exhibition called The American Century. Indeed, there were two exhibitions, The American Century, Part I about the first half of the 20th century and Part II dealing with the following 50 years. The presentation was divided up into decades, each of them having its own motto. The one for the 1950s was: ‘America takes command’. This may sound rather martial but the motto is indeed very appropriate, as one could argue that as from then on American leadership also included cultural leadership.The name of the exhibition, ‘The American Century’, was of course derived from the title of the famous article that Henry Luce, the editor/publisher of journals such as Life and Time, published in Life on 17 February 1941. Luce wanted the Americans to play a major role in the war for freedom and democracy that was in progress at that time and the building of the better world that would have to come after that. In his article Luce insisted that ‘our vision of America as a world power includes a passionate devotion to great American ideals’. The idea of America as a world power and, indeed, as the world power of the future, is, of course, much older than the concept of the 20th century as the American century. Already in 1902, the British liberal journalist and advocate of world peace through arbitration, W.T. Stead published a book with the title The Americanization of the World, or the Trend of the Twentieth Century. According to Stead, the heyday of the British Empire was over and the US was the Empire of the future. The enormous success of America was due to three things: education, production and democracy. Britain's choice was between subjugation or cooperation. Stead even proposed the merger of the two countries. In the following decade, this idea that America was Britain's successor and that the two countries should – and could – form a union because of their intimate familiarity, became popular among British writers.
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Matitu, Bayani. "Role of Sports in Peace-Building: Insights from NCAA Community." Bedan Research Journal 5, no. 1 (April 30, 2020): 84–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.58870/berj.v5i1.13.
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Sports are not just for fun and recreation but entail responsibilities to promote human development, and peace-building. Through a mixed method causal research that utilized personal interviews, this research summarized the perceptions of combined 113 San Beda University players and coaches - actively involved in Philippines National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA),the associations of variables based on Spearman rho of the levels of characteristics of sports, human development, peace and peace-building efforts. Characteristics of sports relevant to peace and peace-building affect the level of human development of coaches and athletes. The characteristics of sports also affect the level of peace-building efforts. However, characteristics of sports are not associated with the achievement of peace in a broader scope because variety of factors and different actors are involved. The individual coach and athlete’s preference and accessibility on sports are determinants of human development, and peace-building. If the coaches and athletes liked their sports, strongly believed that their sports contributed to physical fitness, mental well-being and social interaction,and strongly believed that sports gave them experiences and enabled them to access individuals or groups of different cultures and levels of ability, then, they also strongly perceived that their sports promoted holistic well-being, and normal life span as healthy people, allowed themselves to express themselves, and be recognized as they enjoyed sports for leisure and affiliation. Coaches and athletes are encouraged to conduct annual orientation and training about infusing the objectives for human development and peace-building, and continuously improve the process. The researcher recommends further study towards higher level of statistical generalization for the NCAA community through quantitative research methods, regression analysis, mediation, and moderation analysis.ReferencesAnderson D. R., Sweeney, D. J., & Thomas, W. A. (2015). Modern business statistics (4th ed.). Cengage Learning Asia Pte Ltd.Blagojevic, B. (2012). Sports and peace, In Gilbert & Bennett (Ed.). Sport, peace and development (pp. 117-130). Common Ground Publishing LLC.Cardenas, A. (2013).Peace building through sport? An introduction to sport for development and peace. Journal of Conflictology, 4(1), 24-33. http://journal-of-conflictology.uoc.eduCardenas, A. (2016). Sport and peace-building in divided societies: A case study on Colombia and Northern Ireland. Peace and Conflict Studies, 23(2), 4. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/pcs/vol23/iss2/4Fram, S. M. (2013). The constant comparative analysis method outside of grounded theory. The Qualitative Report, 18(1), 1-25. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/tqr/vol18/iss1/1Giulianotti, R. (2010). Sport, peacemaking and conflict resolution: A contextual analysis and modelling of the sport, development and peace’ sector. http://mc.manuscriptcentral.com/rers ethnic@surrey.ac.ukGiulianotti, R. (2011). The sport, development, and peace sector: A model of four social policy domains. Journal of Social Policy, 40(4),757-776. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0047279410000930Giulianotti, R., Hognestad, H. & Spaaij, R. (2016). Sport for development and peace: Power, politics, and patronage. Journal of Global Sport Management, 1(3-4),129-141. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/ 24203Ha, J-P. & Lyras, A. (2013). Sport for refugee youth in a new society: The role of acculturation in sport for development and peace programming. South African Journal for Research in Sport, Physical Education and Recreation, 2013, 35(2), 121-140. https://www.researchgate.net/ publication/287776946Institute for Economics & Peace (2018). Positive peace report 2018: Analyzing the factors that sustain peace. http://visionofhumanity.org/reportsInstitute for Economics & Peace (2019). Global peace index 2019: Measuring peace in a complex world. http://vision of humanity.org/reportsLoewenstein, G., Cain, D. M. & Sah, S. (2011). The limits of transparency: Pitfalls and potential of disclosing conflicts of interest. American Economic Review: Papers and Proceedings, 101(3), 423–428. https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.101.3.423Meschoulam, M., Hacker, A. J., Carbajal, F., de Benito, C., Blumenkron, C. & Talia R. (2015). Values, perceptions, and peace-building: An expanded qualitative study in Mexico. International Journal of Peace Studies,20(1).Miller, B. (2014). Free statistics and materials. https://openstat.info/OpenStatMain.htmPluye, P., Gagnon, M. P., Groffiths, F.& Johnson-Lafleur, J. (2009). A scoring system for appraising mixed methods research, and concomitantly appraising qualitative, quantitative and mixed methods primary studies in mixed studies reviews. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 46, 529-546. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.ijnurstu.2009.01.009Nygard, H. M. & Gates, S. (2013). Soft power at home and abroad: Sport diplomacy, politics and peace-building. International Area Studies Review, 16(3), 235–243. https://doi.org/10.1177/2233865913502971Shrag, M. J. (2012). The case for peace-building as sport’s next great legacy: A literature review, assessment, and suggestions for applying the slow child in the emergent field of sport for development and peace. (UnpublishedPaper). https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/bitstream/handle/2142/31187/Schrag_Myles.pdf?sequence=1Schulenkorf, N. &Sugden, J. (2011). Sport for development and peace in divided societies: Cooperating for inter-community empowerment in Israel. European Journal for Sport and Society, 8(4), 235-256.Schulenkorf, N., Sherry, N. & Rowe, K. (2016). Sport for development: An integrated literature review. Journal of Sport Management, 30, 22-39. https://doi.org/10.1123/jsm.2014-0263Spaaij, R. (2009). The social impact of sport: diversities, complexities and contexts. Sport in Society, 12(9), 1109-1117. https://doi.org /10.1080/17430430903137746Spaaij, R. & Ruth J. (n.d.). Education for social change? A freirean critique of sport for development and peace. Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy, 18(4), 442-457.UN Inter-Agency Task Force on Sport for Development and Peace (2002). Sport as a tool for development and peace: Towards Achieving the United Nations Millenium Development Goals. Report. https://www.un.org/sport2005/resources/task_force.pdfWessa P. (2017). 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Anjum, Gulnaz, Mudassar Aziz, and Emanuele Castano. "The Role of Fulbright Program in Building Positive Perception and Ally Image of the U.S. Among Pakistani Scholars." Pakistan Journal of Psychological Research 34, Spring 2019 (March 30, 2019): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.33824/pjpr.2019.34.1.1.
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This study was aimed at exploring the role of Fulbright program in building perception about U.S. and Americans among Pakistani Fulbright scholars. While a host of theory and research had been growing on contact theory (Allport, 1954; Pettigrew & Tropp, 2008), application of contact hypothesis to cultural exchange programs based on foreign policy intended to develop peace and affective ties between nations has been limited. Specifically, this research gap was filled by this study that focused on the impact of direct contact on perception and image of the U.S. in the context of the U.S. and Pakistan Fulbright program. Pakistani Fulbright scholars (81 men, 67 women; Mean age = 23 years; Range = 21-29 years), with low-contact and high-contact were compared with respect to their perceptions of a prototypical American and the United States as an international entity. Compared to participants with low-contact (n = 52), participants with high-contact (n = 96) had developed a higher positive perception of a prototypical American. Furthermore, compared to participants with low-contact, those with high-contact perceived the U.S. significantly more as an ally and less as an imperialist-enemy nation. Participation was controlled through selection for the Fulbright program and no previous visits to the U.S. Discussion has focused on possibilities for foreign policy and peace related implications of the Fulbright program.
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Matsumoto, Valerie J. "“A Living Artist with Open Eyes”: the Transnational Journey of Mitsu Yashima." Asian Diasporic Visual Cultures and the Americas 6, no. 1-2 (July 6, 2020): 71–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/23523085-00601005.
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Mitsu Yashima (1908–1988) was a political dissident and artist in two countries. In prewar Japan, she became a proletarian rights activist; during World War ii she continued to oppose Japanese militarism by working for the United States government. In her later years, she opposed US militarism during the Vietnam War. In San Francisco, she became an admired cultural worker in the Asian American movement. Examining her life offers rare glimpses of a woman’s efforts to forge a career in the male-dominated art worlds of twentieth-century Japan and the US. Her transnational life expands the boundaries of Japanese American history, which has long focused on late-nineteenth and early-twentieth century immigration to the US West and Hawaiʻi. Her activism also challenges the perception that only third-generation Japanese Americans joined the Asian American movement of the 1960s-1970s. Yashima’s concern for human rights and peace fueled her art, political engagement, and community building.
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Saito, Leland T. "Ethnic Peace in the American City: Building Community in Los Angeles and Beyond (review)." Journal of Asian American Studies 4, no. 1 (2001): 77–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jaas.2001.0010.
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Rudy, Rudy, Sridinda Sarah Swati Hutabarat, Dewi Paskaria Silitonga, Desy Manullang, and Yesika Saragih. "The Portrayal of Character Building in American Animation Film Frozen." J-Lalite: Journal of English Studies 2, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.20884/1.jes.2021.2.1.4103.
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There is no doubt that having good characters is essential to everyone in society. Character is even a major consideration in the world of education. For this reason, character building is considered important to be explored. By using entertainment media such as movie, this library research concentrates on the character building symbolized through the American animation films Frozen (2013) and Frozen II (2019). Besides the main data from the films, reference sources in the form of books and journals were also used for analysis. Hall’s theory of representation was applied to analyze the data gathered for this study such as dialogs and the description of scenes from the films to identify how the character building is represented through the films as well as to understand the essence of character building. The result showed that the animation films observed in this study can represent good characters through seven values such as bravery, politeness, sacrifice, empathy, curiosity, confidence, and caring. Additionally, this study also reveals that the concept of character is associated with life values, morality and attitude and therefore, character building is significant to shape people with quality in order to create peace and harmony in society. Through this study, it expected that the findings can contribute to the development of the theory in humanities and education and it can provide better understanding to people about character building through American animated films.
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Mbaeze, Netchy Christian, Kingsley Chukwuka Ezechi, and Felix Vincent Nnamani. "The Role of International Law and Diplomacy in Inter-State Relations: Implications for Afghanistan and American War Relations." European Journal of Theoretical and Applied Sciences 2, no. 1 (January 1, 2024): 513–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.59324/ejtas.2024.2(1).44.
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This study examines the role of international law and diplomacy in interstate relations, with implications for American-Afghanistan relations. Specifically, the study sets out to interrogate whether US war relations on terror in Afghanistan has reduced terrorism in the country; ascertain how US counter-terrorism strategic relations in Afghanistan undermined jus in bello principles of proportionality and discrimination; and determine how US strategy failure in its Afghanistan’s relations undermined its reconstruction and peace-building efforts. By adopting the Just War Theory (JWT), the paper analysed the dynamic nature of US-Afghanistan relations, following the 9/11 attacks, with findings revealing that the US had an incoherent strategy in its war relations in Afghanistan, which ultimately led to its failure to restore peace, promote democracy and human rights.
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Doninovska, Frosina. "American policy on the Balkans." Politikon: The IAPSS Journal of Political Science 21 (October 1, 2013): 12–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.22151/politikon.21.2.
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The United States of America is a country which left a significant mark and still has a strong influence on the world political scene and the changes in the international relations especially in building the strategy of worldwide foreign policy. The paper will try to give an overview of the events that marked the 1990’s of the last century, with an accent on the breakup of Yugoslavia and the role of U.S. foreign policy in this period. The paper will especially focus on the process of the dissolution of Yugoslavia as well as the role of the United States in the Dayton Agreement and the ways of implementing the peace through the assets of diplomacy. Dayton differed from the traditional methods of negotiation in a way that included the U.S. leadership and its implementation depended on the will of the international community, especially the United States who led the efforts.
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Ment, David M. "Education, nation‐building and modernization after World War I: American ideas for the Peace Conference." Paedagogica Historica 41, no. 1-2 (February 2005): 159–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0030923042000335529.
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Colwell, Chip. "Can Repatriation Heal the Wounds of History?" Public Historian 41, no. 1 (February 1, 2019): 90–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/tph.2019.41.1.90.
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In 1990, the US Congress passed the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (NAGPRA), which in part established a legal procedure for Native Americans to reclaim cultural items and ancestral remains from museums and federal agencies. Many advocates have framed NAGPRA as a kind of restorative justice in which “healing” is fundamentally integrated into the repatriation process. This article engages with a growing literature that ensures questions of healing are not just casually asserted but closely examined, by critically analyzing why and how NAGPRA has led to the kinds of conflict resolution and peace-building envisioned by some of its proponents. A survey of tribal repatriation workers reveals that “healing” for Native American communities is not uniform in practice or merely the end point of conflict. Rather, it is expressed in five different themes, illustrating that healing is one component of a complex socio-political process that circles around the law’s implementation.
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Hey, Jeanne A. K. "Foreign Policy Options under Dependence: A Theoretical Evaluation with Evidence from Ecuador." Journal of Latin American Studies 25, no. 3 (October 1993): 543–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022216x00006660.
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Scholarly studies that consider the relationship between economic dependence and foreign policy reveal a wide variety of dependent foreign policy behaviour. As a body, the dependent foreign policy literature lacks the theoretical continuity needed to understand and organise this empirical diversity. Such foreign policy diversity is particularly observable in capitalist Latin America. Despite the entire region's significant economic weakness and dependence on the USA, leaders implement foreign policies as defiant as Oscar Arias's peace plan for Central America and as apparently acquiescent as Carlos Salinas de Gortari's agreeing to a Free Trade Agreement between Mexico and the USA. Progress in theory building in the area of dependent foreign policy, therefore, has particular implications for the study of Latin American foreign policy, which has been dominated by individual case studies that too rarely place their findings in a theoretical context.
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Goldfield, Norbert. "Peace-building through health: challenges and opportunities for an American NGO working with Israelis and Palestinians." Medicine, Conflict and Survival 28, no. 2 (April 2012): 147–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13623699.2012.678051.
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de Quadros, André, and Sean Evelyn. "Smuggling in Humanity: Musicking through Prison Walls." Music Educators Journal 109, no. 3 (March 2023): 43–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00274321231158621.
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In this article, the two authors talk about their vastly different trajectories that span international geographies and contrasting circumstances. By chance, their lives intersected in a music education program in an American prison. They trace their lifeworlds and how their musical engagement was a reciprocal learning experience for both of them. The article describes the “Empowering Song” music education approach that had its genesis in American prisons. The authors also share the experiential learning that has marked their collaboration, a relationship that has benefited them socially, emotionally, and politically. As a liberation pedagogy, the Empowering Song approach has wider implications, from general music and professional settings to community music in peace-building and forced migration circumstances.
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Loiacono, Gabriel J. "Introduction: Hog Reeves Are Part of the State , Too." Journal of the Early Republic 44, no. 2 (June 2024): 217–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jer.2024.a932147.
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Abstract: Historians of the early American republic pay the least attention to the most powerful form of government in that period: local governments. Social historians and legal historians are building a historiography of municipal power in the early republic, however, and this essay introduces a forum to expand our understanding of local governance. Focusing on nightwatchmen, overseers of the poor, justices of the peace, and sheriffs, this essay and forum flesh out the contours of the local state between the Revolutionary and Civil War eras.
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Zhang, Zhehui. "A Post-Colonial Approach to The Man Who Ended History: A Documentary." English Language and Literature Studies 10, no. 2 (April 16, 2020): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ells.v10n2p53.
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The Man Who Ended History: A Documentary is a science fiction by Chinese American science fiction writer Ken Liu (1976-). Based on the theory of Post-Colonial Criticism, this paper makes a concrete analysis of the text from the perspectives of three eminent contemporary theorists, aiming at the readers’ better understanding of the work, and eliminating ethnocentrism, racism, unilateralism and hegemony; keeping history in mind and justifying the names of innocent humans who have been persecuted; safeguarding world peace, and building a community with a shared future for mankind.
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Ribeiro, Claudio de Oliveira. "Towards an Ecumenical Theology of Religions through a Latin-American Lens." Exchange 44, no. 1 (April 7, 2015): 83–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1572543x-12341352.
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This article reflects on how theology of religions needs to focus on two aspects when speaking of religious pluralism: the ability and capacity of religious groups to dialogue, and the challenges of human rights and inclusiveness. From the Latin-American theological context, the research was formulated around three topics: (i) the public importance of religion in both building peace as well as the promotion of justice, taking into account the importance of mysticism and otherness in the ecumenical formation of spiritualties and how they affect religious and social processes, allowing the emergence of new utopian, democratic and meaningful perspectives; (ii) the necessity of reshaping the theological lens with an intentional starting point in the realities of afro-indigenous cultures; and (iii) the contribution of feminist liberation theology to the debate of religious pluralism.
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Wang, Fengyuan, and Chengcan Duan. "Exploring Self-Construction of the American International Image: A Conceptual Metaphor Perspective." Advances in Social Behavior Research 7, no. 1 (March 28, 2024): 43–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2753-7102/7/2024052.
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While press releases and cultural transmission materials are common materials for understanding a country's self-construction of international images, to what extent the speeches at international conferences are effective in shaping national images is yet to explore from a perspective of cognitive linguistics? The present study compiles the minutes of 26 meetings of the United Nations Security Council on the situation in the Middle East, including the Palestinian issue, from which the speeches by U.S. representatives were selected to establish a corpus, and explores the self-construction of the American international image with conceptual metaphor theory. It is found that JOURNEY metaphor, BUILDING metaphor and so on are instrumental in shaping its image of advocating peace, but SEED metaphor and NEIGHBOR metaphor, etc. reveal its intention to perpetuate the conflict and double standards in dealing with the two conflicting parties.
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Wang, Fengyuan, and Chengcan Duan. "Exploring Self-Construction of the American International Image: A Conceptual Metaphor Perspective." Advances in Social Behavior Research 6, no. 1 (March 28, 2024): 70–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2753-7102/6/2024052.
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While press releases and cultural transmission materials are common materials for understanding a country's self-construction of international images, to what extent the speeches at international conferences are effective in shaping national images is yet to explore from a perspective of cognitive linguistics? The present study compiles the minutes of 26 meetings of the United Nations Security Council on the situation in the Middle East, including the Palestinian issue, from which the speeches by U.S. representatives were selected to establish a corpus, and explores the self-construction of the American international image with conceptual metaphor theory. It is found that JOURNEY metaphor, BUILDING metaphor and so on are instrumental in shaping its image of advocating peace, but SEED metaphor and NEIGHBOR metaphor, etc. reveal its intention to perpetuate the conflict and double standards in dealing with the two conflicting parties.
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Jockel, Joseph T., and Stéphane Roussel. "The North American Democratic Peace: Absence of War and Security Institution-Building in Canada-US Relations, 1867-1958." International Journal 59, no. 4 (2004): 980. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/40204002.
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Hadar, Leon T. "The Friends of Bibi (FOBs) vs. "The New Middle East"." Journal of Palestine Studies 26, no. 1 (1996): 89–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2538034.
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Led by a group of neoconservative intellectuals, who occupied top positions in the Reagan administration, an antipeace coalition has emerged in the U.S. capital. Working together with the Likud party and its leader Benjamin "Bibi" Netanyahu and using powerful outlets in Congress, the media, and think tanks, these Friends of Bibi (FOBs) have been instrumental in the lobbying efforts aimed at scuttling the PLO-Israeli accords and in building support for the new Likud government in Israel. This article examines the evolution of these "neocons" as a force in American politics and how their growing influence may affect the United States and the peace process.
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Iheanacho, Valentine Ugochukwu. "The Catholic Church and Prophetic Mission: Transitioning Church-State Relations in Africa." Religions 13, no. 4 (April 9, 2022): 339. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel13040339.
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The Zimbabwean Catholic Bishops’ Conference issued a pastoral letter on 14 August 2020. Its title, “The March is not Ended”, echoed the words of the late American civil right activist and politician John Robert Lewis. In the introduction, the bishops reminded their fellow citizens that “Peace building and nation-building are never completed tasks. Every generation has to establish national cohesion and peace”. In using the biblical text from Micah 7:1–6 where the prophet denounced corruption and oppression in his own days, the bishops took a swipe at Zimbabwean political leaders. African politicians never take responsibility for their misrule of the continent, which has kept Africa largely underdeveloped. The perplexity of the situation in Zimbabwe is reflective of similar situations in other parts of sub-Saharan Africa where leaders look the other way and shift blames. This research undertakes to explore how the Catholic Church in Africa has fared in its prophetic mission in relation to the political-cum-socioeconomic questions on the continent. It will acknowledge instances where the Church, through certain prelates, has proven itself to be a moral conscience. It will also indicate how the efforts of African bishops closely align with those of Pope Francis in relation to the prophetic mission of the Church as a defender of truth, human rights and social justice. Contribution: Africans, like most people in the world, have a very simple vision of the good life: to live in reasonable material comfort and in peace. This research is essentially anchored within Catholic social teaching. It underscores how the Catholic Church in Africa has defended and continues to uphold the rights of the people to actualize their aspiration of a simple good life in a hostile and self-serving African political and socioeconomic context. It notes that the Church cannot take the place of political leaders because its role is basically the promotion of the common good, which includes public order and peace, development, equality, justice and solidarity.
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Lowe, Jessica K. "A Separate Peace? The Politics of Localized Law in the Post-Revolutionary Era." Law & Social Inquiry 36, no. 03 (2011): 788–817. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-4469.2011.01250.x.
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Law is often seen as peripheral to Southern life before the Civil War, and the South as an outlier in the American legal history of that era. InThe People and Their Peace(2009), Laura Edwards demonstrates the profoundly legal nature of Southern society and takes an important step toward integrating the legal history of the South with that of the nation. Edwards identifies two dueling legal cultures in North and South Carolina between 1787 and 1840—the law of local courts, which she terms localized law, and the state law of professionalized lawyers and reformers. She argues that white women, slaves, and the poor fared better in localized law—which was based on notions of popular sovereignty and the flexible rubric of restoring “the peace”—than in state courts, which were steeped in a national culture of individual rights that led to more restrictive results. This essay questions Edwards's dichotomy between local law and state law and her depiction of the popular content of localized law, while building on Edwards's innovations to suggest a new direction for Southern legal history.
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Perras, Galen Roger. "The North American Democratic Peace: Absence of War and Security Institution-Building in Canada-US Relations, 1867-1958 (review)." Journal of Military History 69, no. 2 (2005): 575–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jmh.2005.0120.
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Mirza, Mahan. "Earth Empire and Sacred Text." American Journal of Islam and Society 28, no. 4 (October 1, 2011): 127–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v28i4.1229.
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There is a new trend in the progressive quarter of American EvangelicalChristianity to form common bonds with Muslims. From this impulsestem books such as Miroslav Volf’s Allah: A Christian Responseand Carl Medearis’ Muslims, Christians, and Jesus: Gaining Understandingand Building Relationships, as well as organizations such as RickLove’s Peace Catalyst and Yale Divinity School’s Reconciliation Program.David Johnston’s robust Earth, Empire and Sacred Text falls withinthis trend (although these are by no means monolithic attempts and each must be evaluated on its own terms). As an Evangelical Christianwith an academic streak and extensive international experience, Johnstonis uniquely positioned to not only reach out to Muslims but alsoto educate his fellow American Christians. The book is an extraordinaryundertaking and may be considered a three-volume work collapsedinto one. Devout yet pragmatic, Johnston is prepared to engagethe reality of the world in order develop a theology that acknowledgesits own limitations. Johnston combines intellectual rigor with politicalactivism, while remaining theologically inclusive yet authentic ...
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CUTTERHAM, TOM. "The International Dimension of the Federal Constitution." Journal of American Studies 48, no. 2 (January 17, 2014): 501–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021875813001503.
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This article surveys recent literature in both history and political science associated with an international and diplomatic approach to the American founding. It assesses Drew McCoy's claim that this approach, as represented by David Hendrickson's Peace Pact (2003), “may well mark an important paradigm shift in early American history.” An international approach to the Constitution may mean interpreting the document either as primarily a diplomatic treaty in its own right, or as primarily influenced in its design and adoption by diplomatic and international concerns. Several significant new studies have been published since McCoy's review, both building on and revising Hendrickson's work, but his “unionist paradigm” has had less impact on historians of the Constitution and of founding than on historians of the later early republic. David Golove and Daniel Hulsebosch in 2011 reprised an internationalist approach to the Constitution by arguing that fealty to international treaties and desire for recognition structured Federalists' approach to domestic politics. This article suggests a synthesis that would reintegrate the internationalist approach with recent domestically focussed historiography. Building on the insights of internationalist scholarship, it posits the Constitution as fundamentally oriented around sanctity of contract as a scalable principle, spanning individual, state, and international spheres.
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Orych, Agata. "Entering the digital era of the Open Skies Treaty." Geodesy and Cartography 64, no. 1 (June 1, 2015): 65–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/geocart-2015-0003.
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Abstract The Open Skies Treaty has been a peace-building instrument between North American and European nations for over two decades. This agreement is based on the possibility for each country-signatory of the Treaty to independently conduct observation flights and obtain aerial imagery data of the territories of other Treaty States-Parties. This imagery data was originally acquired only using traditional photographic film cameras. Together with the rapid development and advancement of digital sensor technologies, the logical step forward was to amend the Treaty provisions to allow for the use of these types of sensors during observation missions. This paper describes this transition process and highlights a number of technical problems which needed to be addressed by experts working within the Open Skies Consultative Commission workgroups.
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Alviar-García, Helena, and Laura Betancur-Restrepo. "International Law and Transitional Justice: Exploring Some Challenges Through the Colombian Case." AJIL Unbound 116 (2022): 302–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/aju.2022.49.
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Latin America has always been central to the configuration, interpretation, and operation of the field of transitional justice. Starting in the late 1980s with contributions from scholars interested in democratic transitions after dictatorships in the Southern Cone, the 1996 signing of the Peace Agreement in Guatemala, and the Truth Commission in Peru, to the more recent case of Colombia, Latin American academics and activists have contributed significantly to the theory and practice of transitional justice. This essay explores a question central to recent transitional justice processes: the interaction and possible contradictions between the aim of ending a violent internal conflict and the demands imposed by international law. Colombia serves as an example. The Colombian case is informed by all previous experiences, but it is also novel because it is the first transitional justice process established in the region since the establishment of the International Criminal Court. Although the Colombian process is still being implemented and it is too early to claim its success or failure, the case offers important insights into the tense, complex, and overarching interactions between international law, internal peace, and transitional justice. This essay explores how local and external actors involved in negotiating and implementing the agreement presented international law as if it were univocal and universal, as if there were no competing interpretations within the discipline, and as if it were neutral in relation to local political discussions. Building upon this analysis, the goal is to shed light upon the ideological uses of international law.
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Jubinville, François. "CHILD, Jack. The Central American Peace Process, 1983-1991. Sheathing Swords, Building Confidence. Boulder (Col.), Lynne Rienner Publishers, 1992, 216p." Études internationales 25, no. 1 (1994): 178. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/703296ar.
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Gautam, Sasmita. "Key Security Challenges of the Third World." Unity Journal 2 (August 11, 2021): 229–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/unityj.v2i0.38846.
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While shaping an impression of the Third World from post-colonial, non-aligned to less developed states today, security concerns over the region, more or less, remained a status quo in a handful of international security scholars. This article explores various security challenges, including internal, regional, transnational and international of Asia, Africa and Latin American countries, the then considered Third World. Military interventions, illegal migration and narco-terrorism of Latin America; Demographic derivatives, ethnical conflicts and transnational organized crimes in Africa; Terrorism, failing states and climate security issues of Asia are considered to be key security concerns hereunder. This article aims to contribute towards building collective action for stabilizing and sustaining the world peace. It seeks to off er an alternative understanding of constantly evolving security dimensions. Some of those enshrined alternative practical approaches include confinement of military to external defense, Cartegena Declaration implementation for illegal migrants, Custom controls in drug trade, turning youth bulge to demographic dividend, inclusive participation of ethnic groups, technology enforced crime patrol, scooping out Islamism from terrorism, active participation of non-state actors in nation building and finally increased international collaboration eff orts with indigenous technical knowledge for resilient climate strategy Drawing on quantitative data from recognized platforms, elite interviews on security dialogues, reputed newspapers, e-books, and journal articles, this article confronts us with the necessity to fertilize fragile nations of the Third World against the backdrop of economic, social, political, cultural, and environmental origins.
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Gabatbat, Ma Emperatriz, and Noel Santander. "Finding Positive Peace in a Typhoon-Stricken Town of Hernani, Eastern Samar." Bedan Research Journal 5, no. 1 (April 30, 2020): 59–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.58870/berj.v5i1.12.
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This research embarked on how a positive peace in a typhoon-stricken place is possibly experienced. The researchers conducted this study in the simple town of Hernani, Eastern Samar. The relevant question the researchers would like to answer is how the locals of that typhoon-stricken town absorb, adapt, and recover from the insidious effects brought about by the devastating typhoon. It focused specifically on the resiliency of the locals amid the difficulties and challenges caused by a natural calamity, and how this resiliency had helped them find peace in their lives. Using the methodology and processes of narrative analysis, the research results manifested the peace concept of the locals based on what they had experienced. It has shown also the factors that made the town a peaceful place to live in as expressed through relevant themes. Consequently, the themes were categorized by using the indicators of the pillars of positive peace. The possible manifestation of the positive peace as expressed in the initiatives done by the existing concerned institutions, shown through the attitudes of the locals, and the prevailing structures that operate within the town of Hernani, was seen as a contributor to nation-building. The resiliency shown by the locals amid natural calamity is an essential characteristic of positive peace. The same resiliency of the people, being supported appropriately by a well-performing local government, provided with a healthy business environment, when reinforced and replicated in other towns and provinces can result in a creation of a stronger and peaceful nation.ReferencesBurck, C. (2005). Comparing qualitative research methodologies for systemic research: The use of grounded theory, discourse analysis, and narrative analysis. Journal of family therapy, 27(3), 237-262.Clandinin, D. J. and Murphy, S. (2007). Looking ahead: Conversations with Elliot Mishler, Don Polkinghorne, and Amia Lieblich. In D. J. Clandinin, (ed.) Handbook of narrative inquiry: Mapping a methodology. (pp 632-650). Sage Publications.Craine, R. (1997). Hildegard, Prophet of the Cosmic Christ. The Crossroad Publishing Company.Fernandez, R. (2016). Eastern Visayas is the Philippines' poorest region. https://www.philstar.com/nation/2016/04/07/1570460 /easternvisayas-philippiness-poorest-region.Garcia, L., Lapa, Ma.M.I., Palompon, D. (2016 November). Surviving Typhoon Yolanda: Experiences of older adults in a rural area in the Philippines. International Journal of Sciences. https://www.researchgate .net/publication/321965863_Surviving_Typhoon_Yolanda_Haijan_ Experiences_of_Older_Adults_in_a_Rural_Area_in_the_Philippines.Galtung, J. (1996). Peace by peaceful means: Peace and conflict, development and civilization. SAGE Publications Inc.Galtung, J. (1964). An Editorial. Journal of Peace Research. 1(1), 1-4. Google Images of Hernani, Eastern Samar and on the aftermath of Typhoon Yolanda.Grewal, B. (2003). Johan Galtung: Positive and negative peace. School of Social Science, Auckland University of Technology.Institute for Economics & Peace. (2018). Positive peace report 2018. Sydney, Australia.Kyrou, C. N. (2007). Peace ecology: An emerging paradigm in peace studies. The International Journal of Peace Studies, 12(2), 73–92.Putra, N.A. & Han, E. (2014). Governments’ responses to climate change: Selected examples from Asia Pacific. SpringerBriefs in Environment, Security, Development and Springer-Verlag Singapur.Robredillo, L. (2014). Eastern Samar history and culture. https://www.facebook.com/ 136451346410559/photos/hernanithestorm-surge-that-wrecked-havoc-on-nag-as-in-1897-yolanda-wasnot-the-/766223456766675/.Sarbin, T. R. (Ed.). (1986). Narrative psychology: The storied nature of human conduct. Praeger Publishers; Greenwood Publishing Group.The New American Bible: St. Joseph personal size edition (2004). Catholic Book Publishing Co.Tipson, F. (2011). Natural disasters as threats to peace. (Special Report). https://www file:///C:/Users/titus/Downloads/SR324-atural%20Disasters%20as%20Threats%20to%20 Peace.pdf.Villanueva, F., et.al. (2017). Why, O, God? Disaster resiliency, and the people of God. OMF Literature Inc.
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Regele, Lindsay Schakenbach. "Guns for the Government: Ordnance, the Military “Peacetime Establishment,” and Executive Governance in the Early Republic." Studies in American Political Development 34, no. 1 (January 30, 2020): 132–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0898588x20000012.
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During the 1810s and 1820, officials in the War Department engaged in military state building, which transcended partisanship and contributed to the development of executive autonomy. The process revealed the ability of the executive to shape national security, while also foreshadowing Progressive Era trends toward expertise-based bureaucratic autonomy. The activities of the Ordnance Department suggest that the connection between war and early American state building was forged in the efforts to bolster the armaments industry. Ordnance officers established autonomy partly through arms expertise, and they were not necessarily coalition builders like the late nineteenth-century Post Office and Department of Agriculture bureaucrats, especially because they generated more hostility. Thus, there were different routes by which autonomy was and is established, but in the first decades of the nineteenth century, this autonomy depended on national security and war preparations. This article uses War Department papers, armory records, and congressional debates to show how certain bureaucrats developed the ability to work against congressional limits to their functionality. Ordnance ultimately succeeded because its leaders executed a nonpartisan military agenda and demonstrated an ability to effectively manage the nation's security apparatus, especially in times of peace.
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Guiheux, Gilles. "Chine–Taiwan, la guerre est-elle concevable? By Jean-Pierre Cabestan. [Paris: Economica, 2003. 463 pp. €55.00. ISBN 2-7178-4734-0.]." China Quarterly 179 (September 2004): 828–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305741004320606.
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Strategic issues and Beijing's military strategy toward Taiwan have long been the focus of valuable research works. Jean-Pierre Cabestan is one among few scholars researching strategic issues from the point of view of the Republic of China. In his latest book, China – Taiwan, Is War Conceivable? he analyses in depth the way China's threat is perceived in Taiwan.The book has a double focus. First, it evaluates the China threat and the military, as well as political, economical and psychological, capacity of Taipei to resist. Second, in a more speculative way, it weighs the risks of war and considers the different possible scenarios, with or without American involvement. The author does not aim to analyse recent economic and political developments in the Taiwan Straits. Neither does he consider different scenarios of peace building (this will be the subject of his forthcoming book, Chine – Taiwan: Peut-On Construire La Paix? co-authored with Benoıˆ:t Vermander, director of the Taipei Ricci Institute.)
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Barnett, Sarah Friend. "Book Review: American Academy of Pediatrics Guide to Your Child's Nutrition: Making Peace at the Table and Building Healthy Eating Habits for Life." Journal of Human Lactation 15, no. 4 (December 1999): 353. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/089033449901500422.
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Ciruela-Lorenzo, Antonio Manuel, Ana González-Sánchez, and Juan José Plaza-Angulo. "An Exploratory Study on Social Entrepreneurship, Empowerment and Peace Process. The Case of Colombian Women Victims of the Armed Conflict." Sustainability 12, no. 24 (December 13, 2020): 10425. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su122410425.
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The Colombian armed conflict is the oldest internal confrontation in the entire American continent and has placed Colombia as one of the countries in the world with the highest volume of internally displaced persons. There are many factors that influence the possibility of suffering violence in this situation, but one of the main factors is undoubtedly gender. In addition, the destruction of the productive fabric and the impoverishment of conflict zones are a difficult reality when it comes to undertaking initiatives. Women not resigning themselves to this state of affairs, by their own initiative, work to go from passive victims to survivors and agents of change. To achieve this, they hold on to social entrepreneurship as a possible vehicle and alternative for empowerment and personal development, the union with other women and the support of their families’ being crucial factors to reach this purpose. In this context, two research questions have been raised, related to the role of social entrepreneurship in women’s development and in building peace. These questions are answered by obtaining empirical data from key informants (seven personal interviews with Colombian women victims of the conflict from different departments who have promoted social entrepreneurship projects). The interviews were conducted from September to November 2019. Thus, one of the main conclusions is that entrepreneurship alone is not enough; State involvement is also necessary if the effects of the work carried out by these women are to reach a greater number of people and be more durable, contributing to economic and social progress and, therefore, to peace processes.
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Lezhenina, Tatiana V. "COOPERATION OF RUSSIA WITH CHINA." TODAY AND TOMORROW OF THE RUSSIAN ECONOMY, no. 99-100 (2020): 41–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.26653/1993-4947-2020-99-100-03.
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China is Russia’s main trade and economic partner in East Asia; relations between the countries are developing in the format of a comprehensive strategic partnership. China became the second state after the United States in its economic power. China achieved its success by applying a new economic model. Russia and China are adjusting their approaches to responding to global changes and challenges of the 21st century. Tasks. Explore the main directions, structure and scope of trade, economic and investment cooperation between Russia and China. Methodology. The scientific methods of comparing the dynamics, structure and volumes of the economies of the world are used. Results. Successful strategic cooperation between Russia and China in the regional and global dimensions has been proved in the conditions of complete mutual understanding and trust of the leaders of Russia and China. There is no disagreement on building positions on the United States and a hostile American policy towards Russia and China. Conclusions. The high level of political and economic relations between Russia and China is a guarantee of peace in the Asian region.
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Torres, Aníbal. "TOWARD A NEW GOVERNMENT OF THE INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM: ANALYSIS OF THE PROPOSAL OF POPE FRANCIS." POPE FRANCIS AND POLITICS 11, no. 2 (November 13, 2017): 235–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.54561/prj1102235t.
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In a sign of continuity with his predecessors, the first Latin American Pope pays attention to diplomacy and representative democracy. Thus, although he is sometimes not perceived in this way, Francis has not neglected traditional level of interaction that the Church has managed to maintain in its long history, generally alternating moments of conflict and cooperation, and not without taking it into account when defining their own models of authority: the link with states. If attention to the community of states, it is not in itself something new for the Vatican, it certainly is the approach and the agenda emphasis that every pontiff has made of international relations. Thus, the article seeks to answer a series of questions: What newness does Pope Bergoglio contribute to “diplomacy”? Is the Pontiff’s proposal for international governance comparable to a world state? Moreover, how does Francisco’s position on the international system articulate with the “reform of the papacy”? More concretely, how does the Pope conceive the mission of the central government of the Church and of papal diplomacy? Finally, what role does Latin America play in the planetary scheme of the Bishop of Rome? The article points out that Francisco proposes a new international political institution, and he understands that in the current critical world situation, diplomacy has a particular relevance. It is also stressed that for the Pope the central government of the Church and diplomacy must be at the service of building bridges for the promotion of justice and peace. In addition, the article says that the peoples and cultures of Latin America and the Caribbean have a potential that the Pontiff values positively.
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Nguyen, Mai. "Rethink International Volunteering and the Making of a Peaceful World." Voluntaris 11, no. 2 (2023): 340–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/2196-3886-2023-2-340.
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ADL (2020): The Purpose and Power of Protest. https://www.adl.org/resources/tools-and- strategies/purpose-and-power-protest (2.8.2023). Amnesty International (2022): Protect the Protest! Why we must save our right to protest. https://www.amnesty.org/en/documents/ACT30/5856/2022/en/ (2.8.2023). de Brabandere, Luc (2005): The Forgotten Half of Change: Achieving Greater Creativity Through Changes in Perception. Chicago. Eyben, Rosalind (2014): International Aid and the Making of a Better World: Reflexive Prac- tice. Oxfordshire. Gerzon, Mark (2010): American Citizen, Global Citizen. Boulder, Colorado. ICJA; ICJA Freiwilligenaustausch weltweit (2022): Weltwärts – resilient and sustainable? Unpublished documentation on Weltwärts Partner Conference. Pritchard, Tom (2023): Google Maps vs. Apple Maps: Which navigation app is best? https:// www.tomsguide.com/news/google-maps-vs-apple-maps (2.8.2023). Maloy, Robert; Trust, Torrey (2020): Building Democracy for All. EdTech Books. https:// edtechbooks.org/democracy (2.8.2023). Mandela, Nelson (2003): Long Walk to Freedom. Abridged Edition. Boston, Massachusetts. SIPRI – Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (2023): World military expen-diture reaches new record high as European spending surges. https://www.sipri.org/media/press-release/2023/world-military-expenditure-reaches-new-record-high-europe- an-spending-surges (2.8.2023). The World Bank (2022): Press Release: World Bank Group Delivers Record $31.7 Billion in Climate Finance in Fiscal Year 2022. https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2022/09/07/world-bank-group-delivers-record-31-7-billion-in-climate-finance-in- fiscal-year-2022 (2.8.2023). Thich, Nhat Hanh (1995): Peace is Every Step. London. UN-United Nations, Meetings Coverage and Press Releases (2022): Seventy-sixth session, 18th meeting (pm) – Assessed Contributions, More Support for Peacebuilding Fund Key to Meet Growing Field Needs, Speakers Say, as Fifth Committee Reviews 2022/23 Propo- sed Peacekeeping Budget. https://press.un.org/en/2022/gaab4386.doc.htm (2.8.2023).
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Edralin, Divina, and Ronald Pastrana. "Nexus between Sustainable Business Practices and the Quest for Peace." Bedan Research Journal 5, no. 1 (April 30, 2020): 1–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.58870/berj.v5i1.11.
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We explored the sustainable business practices of selected Philippine corporations that promote the quest for peace. We used three key indicators of sustainable business practices, namely, fostering economic development, espousing corporate citizenship, and respecting the rule of law, as our variables to measure our sustainable business practices construct. On the other hand, we adopted sustainable development and sound business environmental our variables to measure the quest for peace construct. We assumed that sustainable business practices and quest for peace are interlinked and mutually reinforcing. We anchored our study on the Theories of Positive Peace, Sustainable Development, and Humanistic Management. We used the qualitative exploratory research design and the holistic multiple case study research strategy. We used the qualitative exploratory research design and the holistic multiple case study research strategy. We selected through the non-probability purposive sampling technique, the 20 Publicly - Listed Companies in the Philippines. We then, utilized the monomethod as the data collection technique for selecting the Sustainability Reports published in 2018 and uploaded in the websites of the respective corporations. With this deductive approach, we specifically adopted the pattern matching analytical procedure in the process of our content analysis of information from the Sustainability Reports. Results on fostering economic development revealed numerous jobs created, training and development, as well as trade and business development programs and activities executed. Analysis on espousing corporate citizenship disclosed many programs and activities related to encourage the use of voice from the firm, community engagement, and governance implemented. Findings on respecting the rule of law showed also various programs and activities that cover compliance with Philippine laws, international laws, and environmental standards. Findings also indicated that the nexus of sustainable business practices and the quest for peace aims to build companies of enduring greatness by doing good and working toward a sustainable future. In conducting responsible business, they were able to help in attaining positive peace in our coun try, which, in return, is essential for sustainable development, as manifested by their significant contribution in achieving sustainable development/growth, working closely with regulators to achieve shared goals; and protecting the environment and preserving natural resources. We recommend that there should be a coordinated effort of all the stakeholders to ensure that there is an integrated and holistic approach in the sustainability of the business sector to promote positive peace.We also propose to undertake further research on employing quantitative approach by using business, financial, and socio-economic indicators to address the limitations of this study. ReferencesBoulding, E. (2000). Cultures of peace: The hidden side of history. Syracuse University Press. Brauch, H. G., Oswald Spring, U., Grin, J., Scheffran, J. (Ed.). (2016). Handbook on sustainability transition and sustainable peace. Springer.Cortright, D. (2009). Peace: A history of movements and ideas. Cambridge University Press.Creswell, J. (2014). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (4th ed.). Sage Publications.Edralin, D. & Pastrana, R. (2019). Sustainability initiatives and practices of selected top universities in Asia, Europe, and USA. Bedan Research Journal. 4, April, 24-45.Elkington, J. (2018, June 25). 25 years ago I coined the phrase “triple bottom line.” Here’s why it’s time to rethink it. Harvard Business Review. https://hbr.org/2018/06/25-years-ago-i-coined-the-phrasetriple-bottom-line-heres-why-im-giving-up-on-it.Ercoşkun, Ö.Y. (2005). Sustainable city plans against development plans. Gazi University Journal of Science, 18(3): 529-544.Ford, J. (2015). Perspectives on the evolving “Business and Peace: Debate”. Academy of Management Perspective,29(4). https://doi.org/10.5465/amp.2015.0142Forrer, J., &Katsos, J. (2015). Business and peace in the buffer condition. Academy of Management Perspectives, 29(4), 438-450. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/amp.2013.0130Forrer, J., Fort, T., & Gilpin, R. (2012). How business can foster peace.Washington, DC: United States. Institute of Peace. https://www.usip.org/sites/default/files/SR315.pdfFort, T. L. (2007). Business, integrity, and peace: Beyond geopolitical and disciplinary boundaries. Cambridge University Press.Fort, T.L., & Schipani, C.A. (2001, November). The role of the corporation in fostering peace (William Davidson Institute Working Paper No. 422). https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/handle/2027.42/39806/wp422.pdf?sequence=3Fort, T.L., & Schipani, C.A. (2003). Corporate governance and sustainable peace: Intra-organizational dimensions of business behavior and reduced levels of violence. Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law, 36(2), 367-386.Fort, T., & Schipani, C. (2004). The ecological challenges of war: The natural environment and disease. In the Role of Business in Fostering Peaceful Societies (pp. 183-222). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511488634.007Fort, T.L., & Schipani, C.A. (2007). An action plan for the role of business in fostering peace. American Business Law Journal, 44(2), 359-377.Friedman, M. (1970, September). 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Gumbatov, Nazim Farizovich, and Xiangyu Kong. "Minilateral Alliances in the American Strategy of Containing the PRC in the Indo-Pacific Region." Конфликтология / nota bene, no. 1 (January 2023): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0617.2023.1.39633.
Full textAbstract:
The subject of the study is the consideration of the minilateral formations in the framework of the implementation of US foreign policy. The object of the study is the US foreign policy towards China since the beginning of the 21st century. The author examines in detail such aspects as the interaction of the United States and its allies in the Asian region, within the framework of the formation of the anti-Chinese coalition association, as well as analyzing and drawing conclusions about the effectiveness of a number of large minilateral organizations. Particular attention is paid to the reactionary perception of the top leadership of the leadership and the public masses of China on the role of the United States in building minilateral formations in its foreign policy. The main conclusions of the study are: • The minilateral unions only accelerate the process of dividing the Asian region into pro-Chinese and pro-American. Such a competitive policy to attract Asian states to their trade, economic and political space will only complicate the process of finding a compromise point of view between the two great economic powers, as well as damage peace, prosperity and stability in the region in the long term; • The growing popularity in the formation of minilateral structures is a consequence of the growing confrontation between China and the USA over the past decade, and not the primary cause of contradictions; • To date, most of the programs that have a "minilateral connotation" have little effective impact for the American government, nevertheless they cannot be called unfulfilled. Taking into account the relatively recent acceleration in attracting an increasing number of countries to existing and newly formed formats, Washington expects to get positive results for itself in the next decade, provided that China's economic and technological development is consolidated. The scientific novelty is determined primarily by the fact that the work analyzes the mechanism and evolution of interstate relations between the United States and partner countries, as well as the peculiarities of their activities in the minilateral associations.
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HOWSE, ROBERT. "Europe and the New World Order: Lessons from Alexandre Kojève's Engagement with Schmitt's ‘Nomos der Erde’." Leiden Journal of International Law 19, no. 1 (March 2006): 93–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0922156505003195.
Full textAbstract:
The received wisdom of the times is that a wide gulf has opened up between ‘Europe’ and ‘America’ – or at least has finally become visible. A commitment to a certain vision of international law is presented as a European trait that divides Europe from the United States. ‘European’ international law premises perpetual peace on rules that protect state sovereignty and sustain a world divided into territorial states, and it is at odds with the US preparedness to wage ‘total war’ in the name of some purportedly universal ideal, such as ‘human rights’ or ‘democracy’. This conception of ‘European’, territorially based international law versus US (or Anglo-Saxon) universalism is articulated most forcefully by the extreme-right legal and political theorist Carl Schmitt in his 1950 work, Der Nomos der Erde, and related essays; Schmitt, realizing that the state had met its demise with the fall of the Nazi project that he supported, now conceived of a world divided into Grossraume rather than states. Schmitt's conception was challenged by the Marxist-Hegelian philosopher Alexandre Kojève, both in correspondence with Schmitt and in a public lecture that Kojève gave in Düsseldorf at Schmitt's invitation in the 1950s. Kojève articulated an alternative view of global order and Europe's place in it – a view that accepted global Anglo-American military supremacy while advocating a distinctive place for Latin or continental Europe in the building of global justice and prosperity through economic and legal integration and the construction of a just relationship in trade and finance with the developing world. This essay evaluates the debate between Schmitt and Kojève and draws lessons for contemporary discussion of the place of Europe in a one-superpower world.
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Parkhomchuk, Mykhailo. "Transformation of tradition in Kenzo Tange’s projects as a way of shaping contemporary Japanese architecture." Architectural Studies 9, no. 2 (October 26, 2023): 96–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.56318/as/2.2023.96.
Full textAbstract:
This study explored the transformation of tradition in contemporary Japanese architecture, with a focus on Kenzo Tange’s works as a potential solution to the lack of national identity in modern urban spaces, particularly prevalent in post-socialist countries. Such homogenisation, as established by previous research, has negative implications for human psychology. The purpose of this study was to identify K. Tange’s creative approach to the use of tradition in the context of modernity. Ukrainian, Japanese, English, American, and other sources on the history of traditional and modern architecture in Japan, including the theoretical achievements of K. Tange himself and several sources on the architect’s works, were used in the study. A considerable amount of photographic material was also collected for the study. The paper described certain types of traditional religious architecture in Japan. The architecture of Shinto and Buddhism were considered as prototypes. Accordingly, the following objects of K. Tange were analysed: The Peace Memorial Museum in Hiroshima, in comparison with the Ise Shrine Complex; Kurashiki Town Hall in comparison with the main pavilion of the Buddhist temple complex; the Kagawa Prefecture Government Office Building in Takamatsu in comparison with the Buddhist wooden pagoda. As a result, it was found that the transformation of tradition in K. Tange’s works can occur at four levels: the organisation of the master plan, the formation of the interior space of the building, the formation of its overall structure, and at the level of semantics. For each example of transformation, appropriate references were made to certain features of Japanese architecture or traditional Japanese worldview that were discovered during the study. In addition, an algorithm for introducing traditional features into modern architecture was presented, which, given the need to rebuild Ukrainian cities destroyed as of 2023, could help revive them while avoiding the architectural shortcomings of the past