Relevant bibliographies by topics / Peak-Oil studies

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Peak-Oil studies'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 2 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Peak-Oil studies"

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Newman, Peter. "Beyond Peak Oil: Will Our Cities Collapse?" Journal of Urban Technology 14, no. 2 (August 2007): 15–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10630730701531666.

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Newman, Peter, Timothy Beatley, and Heather Boyer. "Resilient cities: Responsing to peak oil and climate change." Australian Planner 46, no. 1 (January 2009): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07293682.2009.9995295.

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Piercy, E., R. Granger, and C. Goodier. "Planning for peak oil: learning from Cuba's ‘special period’." Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Urban Design and Planning 163, no. 4 (December 2010): 169–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/udap.2010.163.4.169.

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Raju, P., V. Nandanan, and Sunil K. N. Kutty. "A Study on the Use of Castor Oil as Plasticizer in Natural Rubber Compounds." Progress in Rubber, Plastics and Recycling Technology 23, no. 3 (August 2007): 169–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/147776060702300302.

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Mechanical properties and thermal degradation of natural rubber compounds containing castor oil were studied to evaluate its suitability as plasticizer. Naphthenic oil was used as a reference plasticizer. The cure time was marginally lower in the case of castor oil mixes, probably due to the presence of free fatty acids in it. The tear strength and modulus were better in the case of mixes containing castor oil, while most of the other mechanical properties were comparable to the mixes containing naphthenic oil. The heat build up and compression set were higher than that of the naphthenic oil mixes. Thermal studies showed an increase of 8 °C in the temperature of initiation of degradation and an increase of 6 °C in the temperature at which the peak rate of degradation occurred. The peak rate of degradation was comparable to that of the reference compound
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Raju, P., V. Nandanan, and Sunil K. N. Kutty. "Calophyllum Inophyllum Oil as Plasticizer in Natural Rubber Compounds." Progress in Rubber, Plastics and Recycling Technology 25, no. 2 (May 2009): 113–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/147776060902500203.

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Mechanical properties and the thermal degradation characteristics of natural rubber compounds with calophyllum inophyllum oil were compared to that of the control compound containing naphthenic oil. The compounds containing calophyllum inophyllum oil showed improved tensile strength, tear strength, modulus, compression set, abrasion resistance and resilience. Cure time was higher than the naphthenic oil mixes. Thermal studies showed an increase of 8 °C in the temperature of initiation of degradation and an increase of 6 °C in temperature at which the peak rate of degradation occurred. The peak rate of degradation was comparable to the control mix containing naphthenic oil.
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Schmitt, Cannon. "Peak Freedgood." Victorian Literature and Culture 47, no. 3 (2019): 651–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1060150319000275.

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The allusion in my title, of course, is to Marion King Hubbert's theory of “peak oil,” that moment in history when petroleum production reaches maximum output and then begins to decline. But Peak Freedgood is not Time's fool. It is an ever-fixèd mark: a quality or an intensity rather than a quantity; a stretch of Elaine Freedgood's work in which she is most like herself—when Elaineness production reaches maximum output. Such passages can be encountered in every book and article she's ever published, but the one I'll start with appears in a 2010 New Literary History essay called “Fictional Settlements” focused on Catharine Parr Traill's Canadian Crusoes (1852).
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Li, Minqi. "Peak oil, the rise of China and India, and the global energy crisis." Journal of Contemporary Asia 37, no. 4 (November 2007): 449–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00472330701654451.

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Miller, Evonne. "“My hobby is global warming and peak oil”: sustainability as serious leisure." World Leisure Journal 60, no. 3 (July 3, 2018): 209–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/16078055.2018.1496528.

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Fingas, Mervin, Ian Bier, Mark Bobra, and Sandra Callaghan. "Studies on the Physical and Chemical Behavior of Oil and Dispersant Mixtures." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 1991, no. 1 (March 1, 1991): 419–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-1991-1-419.

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ABSTRACT Laboratory studies on dispersant effectiveness were conducted to assess the effects of several variables and to determine the action mechanisms of dispersants. The variables examined were temperature, salinity, and dispersant quantity. Dispersant effectiveness was measured as a function of the five oil bulk components: asphaltenes, aromatics, polar compounds, saturate compounds, and waxes. The effect of water temperature variation is logarithmically correlated with dispersant effectiveness. With regard to salinity, effectiveness is at a peak when salinity is about 40%c (parts per thousand) of typical commercial dispersant formulations and falls to nearly 0 as salinity decreases to 0. Effectiveness also falls to 0 as salinity rises from 40 to 80%o. This behavior is explained by the necessity for a certain level of ionic strength to stabilize the surfactant between the oil droplet and the water. Dispersant quantity was also found to be an important factor. Dispersant-to-oil ratios greater than about 1:40 or 1:60 result in very low dispersant effectiveness. Effectiveness is logarithmic with respect to dispersant-to-oil ratio. Dispersion experiments wee conducted to investigate the effects of oil composition. Dispersant effectiveness is positively and strongly correlated with the saturate concentration in the oil and is negatively correlated with aromatic, asphaltene, and polar compound contents of the oil. Dispersant effectiveness is only weakly correlated with oil viscosity. Dispersant effectiveness is primarily limited by oil composition.
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Atkinson, Adrian. "Where do we stand? Progress in acknowledging and confronting climate change and ‘peak oil’." City 14, no. 3 (June 2010): 314–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13604813.2010.482284.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Peak-Oil studies"

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Nordangård, Jacob. "Med brödfödan som drivkraft : En studie om att byta olja mot biodrivmedel i ett globalt perspektiv." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Water and Environmental Studies, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-8116.

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Av två anledningar anses det som mycket viktigt att bryta beroendet av olja, naturgas och kol. Den första anledningen är de uppmärksammade klimatförändringarna. Förbränning av fossila bränslen anges idag som huvudorsak till växthuseffekten. Den andra mindre uppmärksammade orsaken är att oljan och naturgasen snart inte räcker till för att föda en allt energihungrigare värld. Utvinningen ser dessutom ut att ha nåt sin kulmen. Efter denna kommer en oundviklig produktionsnedgång. Med det stora beroendet som finns av oljan inom i stort sett alla sektorer är det ytterst viktigt att hitta andra alternativ. Speciellt gäller detta inom transportområdet. Förhoppningen står idag till ”gröna” drivmedel som etanol och biodiesel. IEA (International Energy Agency) har uppmanat de västerländska nationerna att satsa stort på biobränslen. I denna studie görs en analys av de förutsättningar som finns att bygga ut produktionen av denna i USA, Brasilien och Malaysia/Indonesien. Syftet har varit att ta reda på om det är möjligt att göra detta utan att inkräkta på andra näringar, inte skada miljön samt vara oberoende av fossil energi? Den bakomliggande teorin är att detta inte låter sig göras i den omfattning som krävs för att bibehålla de nuvarande samhällsstrukturerna. Detta visar sig också stämma med de uppgifter som står till buds. Endast en fraktion av det nuvarande drivmedelsbehovet går att försörja med biodrivmedel om det inte ska uppstå en allvarlig konkurrens om odlingsmarken eller orsaka stora ekologiska skador.

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Johansson, Love. "När oljan inte längre finns tillgänglig - en studie om hur sveriges skogsägarföreningar påverkas av förändrad tillgång till energi." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-21747.

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Energi i form av olja möjliggjorde under 1950- talet en mekanisering av skogsbruket. Accelererande klimatförändringar ställer nu krav på att den fossila energin som skogsmaskinerna är beroende av måste ersättas. Syftet med uppsatsen är att utifrån ett kulturperspektiv undersöka hur Sveriges skogsägarföreningar kommer att påverkas av den förändrade tillgången till energi. För att besvara syftet genomfördes fem djupintervjuer. Studien visar att skogsägarföreningarna har en kulturellt präglad bilda av miljön som formbar och att förändringen främst ses som en möjlighet att framställa bioenergi för att bryta den sjunkande produktiviteten. Kulturkrockar uppstår därför med miljörörelser som har en annan syn på hur skog ska användas. Skogsmaskinernas dieselberoende utgör samtidigt en stor svaghet som kan komma att hindra en fortsatt expansionen eftersom skogsägarföreningarna är termodynamiskt bundna.
Energy in the form of oil allowed a mechanization process to take place during the 1950:s. Accelerating climate changes is now demanding that the fossil fuels in the forestry machines must be replaced. The purpose of this paper is that from a cultural perspective; examine how the Swedish forest owners' associations will be affected by the change in access to energy. To answer the question five in depth interviews were conducted. The study shows that the forest owners' associations have a culturally imprinted picture of the environment as malleable and the change is mainly seen as an opportunity to produce bioenergy in order to reverse the declining productivity. Cultural clashes therefore occur with the environmental movements which have a different vision on how forests should be used. The diesel depending forestry machines also constitutes a major weakness that may impede the continued expansion as the forest owners' associations are thermodynamically bound.
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Cardona, Shokotko Vanessa. "Building Happy and Resilient Communities in the North of the European Union : A case study on Transition Movement in Sweden and its relationship with the EU." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Teologiska institutionen, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-331190.

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When the world becomes drowned in multiple global problems and citizens do not see any real progressive solutions from their governments, they take the initiative in their own hands and start changing the world on their own. The Transition Town movement was born this way. It is a social movement which aims at building resilient local communities in response to climate change, peak oil and an unfair ecologically destructive economic system which is probably soon to break down. As a potentially strong actor of future social change, it is worth studying emerging local movements in Europe, and hopefully identifying new potentials for success of these grass-root innovations.The study, thus, aims to investigate the relation between the participants of the Transition Movement Sweden and the supranational/intergovernmental entity EU, which plays one of the key roles in economic, environmental and social aspects of Swedish citizens. By conducting interviews with participants of the movement in several Swedish cities, the nature of this relationship is being explored. Using the theory of Multi-Institutional Politics Approach the case study explains the connection between the movement and the EU.
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Angell, Bradley 1976. "Urban-Architectural Design After Exile: Communities in Search of a Minor Architecture." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/148345.

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This dissertation analogically applies a framework of minor literary analysis to uniquely political units of the built environment. As urbanism is conventionally understood to be executed per the greatest utility of established communal objectives, an underlying politicization is inherent as such forms must adhere to dominant norms of development which potentially marginalize those who practice cultural methods outside normative standards. Employing a uniquely architectural method of environmental justice advocacy, select communities facing disenfranchisement react by self-producing urban-architectural forms ("UAFs") to protect threatened cultural values from marginalization. Installed to subvert the existing power dynamic, such UAFs are potential exhibitions of minor architecture. Adopting the analytical standards established by Gilles Deleuze and Felix Guattari for evaluating Franz Kafka's literature, this paper tests six UAFs to discover if a minor architecture is possible under contemporary globalization. Employing an enumerated framework of minor production characteristics, an interpretive-historical analysis is the primary method of judgment regarding each unit's execution of minor architecture. Two secondary tests are undertaken to validate the primary findings, the first of which is a physio-logical evaluation that characterizes and measures urban resource utility as per collective minority aims. Second, a newspaper correlation test is undertaken so as to judge the enunciative effectiveness of each community per issues of minority politics. Of the six cases examined, two have their source in cinema including "Bartertown" of MAD MAX BEYOND THUNDERDOME (1985) and the "House on Paper Street" of FIGHT CLUB (1999). The four remaining cases include the Tibetan Government-in-Exile of Dharamsala, India; Student Bonfire of Robertson County, Texas; Isla Vista Recreation & Park District of Santa Barbara County, California; and the Emergent Cannabis Community of Arcata, California. Of all the cases studied, only the Tibetan Government-in-Exile met both the conditions of minor architecture and was validated in terms of practiced urban resource use as well as effective representation in mainstream newsprint. Both cinematic cases failed as minor productions of the built environment. Although they did not find full validation, the three remaining real-world UAFs each were found on a course of minor architectural expression at varying stages of execution.
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Stanley, Conrad B. J. "The Ecological Economics of Resilience: Designing a Safe-Fail Civilization." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/5896.

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There is mounting evidence that sustainable scale thresholds are now being exceeded worldwide and environmental resource shocks (e.g. climate change, water and oil shortages) may be inevitable in some regions of the world in the near future. These could result in severe economic breakdowns, welfare loss, and in the worst-case, the collapse of modern civilization. Therefore, a pre-eminent challenge of our times is to determine how to design a resilient (safe-fail) economy – one that can endure, adapt to and successfully recover from breakdowns when they occur. Surprisingly, while ecological economic theory relies heavily on natural science concepts such as thermodynamics, insufficient attention has been paid to the important ecological concept of resilience, particularly as it applies to economic design. The three major policy goals of current ecological economic theory (sustainable scale, just distribution and efficient allocation) focus instead on preventing environmental resource shocks and breakdowns, but given their unpredictability prevention may not always be possible. How resilience can inform the blossoming field of ecological economics is thus explored in this theoretical, transdisciplinary paper. Drawing on literature as diverse as archaeology and disaster planning, it develops six key principles of economic resilience and applies them to analyze the resilience of key societal systems including our money, electricity, water, transportation, information/communication and emergency response systems. Overall, economic resilience appears to be a unique concern that is not readily subsumed under any of the three existing ecological economic policy pillars. In fact, efforts to build in resilience have the potential to both complement and at times contradict the other three goals, especially efficiency. The need to further study these possible tradeoffs provides strong justification for adding a fourth distinct policy pillar, namely “Resilient Design”, to core ecological economic theory. Indeed, ecological economist’s longstanding criticism of economic growth meshes readily with the Resilience Alliance’s own figure-8 adaptive cycle theory critiquing the resilience costs of growth, providing significant opportunities for the future collaboration of these two fields in broadening global system theory.
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Books on the topic "Peak-Oil studies"

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Reinventing Collapse: The Soviet Example and American Prospects. New Society Publishers, 2008.

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Book chapters on the topic "Peak-Oil studies"

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Lynch, Michael. "Peak oil." In Companion to Environmental Studies, 228–31. Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315640051-45.

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"Burbot: Ecology, Management, and Culture." In Burbot: Ecology, Management, and Culture, edited by Martin A. Stapanian and Yukio Kakuda. American Fisheries Society, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781888569988.ch18.

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Abstract.—Burbot <em>Lota lota </em>meat is nutritious and low in fat, and burbot liver oil is high in vitamins. However, burbot is not popular as a food fish in much of North America due to its appearance and because the meat has a relatively short shelf life. We present results from sensory panels on fried burbot meat that had been frozen and stored for 5 months with three methods: (1) dipping meat in liquid nitrogen, followed by storage at –80°C; (2) direct storage at –80°C; and (3) direct storage at –18°C. Panelists scored fried samples for tenderness, juiciness, fishy flavor, and overall desirability. In addition, texture (peak force at maximum compression and work performed) and color (lightness and a- and b-hues) of uncooked, defrosted meat (anterior and posterior sections, with and without skin removed) were measured instrumentally. Fried samples that had been directly stored at –80°C were scored by panelists as most tender, most juicy, and most desirable overall. Panelists also scored fried samples that had been directly stored at –80°C as less fishy tasting than samples frozen at –18°C. Freezing method, section of fillet, and presence/absence of skin had no effect on either texture variable or on any color variable measured. Posterior sections of burbot meat had higher levels of a-hue and b-hue than anterior sections. The relatively intermediate values of overall desirability combined with the results from other studies suggest that prepared products from frozen burbot meat may be better suited for commercial sale than frozen fillets.
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Conference papers on the topic "Peak-Oil studies"

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Shome, S. K., and P. K. Ganguly. "Two Case Studies of Cogeneration in India." In ASME 1988 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/88-gt-167.

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The steam and electric power requirement for an industrial complex can be integrated in a cogeneration system achieving improved efficiency at comparatively lower plant costs. Various technical and economic parameters of a cogeneration plant in a petrochemical plant and a refinery in India are discussed. Both applications use industrial gas turbine and heat recovery boilers with supplementary firing using gaseous and/or liquid fuel. For the petrochemical complex, two 25 MW (ISO) industrial gas turbines and two 75 tonnes/hr. heat recovery boilers with provision for supplementary firing were selected to meet the 37 MW power demand and 150 tonnes/hr. (low pressure, saturated) steam demand. The plant is designed for natural gas fuel. The unit tested better than guaranteed. For the refinery application, two 25 MW (ISO) industrial gas turbines and two heat recovery boilers with supplementary firing were selected to meet a normal steam demand of 90 tonnes/hr. with a peak of 120 tonnes/hr. and a critical power demand of 15.6 MW with a normal demand of 22 MW. The fuel to be used is gas and/or distillate oil. The guaranteed plant efficiency was quoted as 79.25% (on L.H.V. basis). The plant is under construction and expected to go on line in early 1988.
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Mali, Prasanna, Abdulmuhsen Yousef Abdulmuhsen Hashim Al-Ali, Srinivas Rao Kommaraju, Ali Mussaed Al-Rushoud, Jignesh Shah, Mariam Zerai, and Hashem Fouzi Al-Abdullah. "Pilot Trial of New ES-HR-PCP Technology for Heavy Oil Reservoir." In International Petroleum Technology Conference. IPTC, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2523/iptc-18859-ms.

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Abstract Kuwait Oil Company (KOC) has a vast pool of heavy oil reservoirs. Cost-effective artificial lift technologies, are required to produce these reservoirs, optimally. With this strategic objective, pilot of newly developed ‘ES-HR-PCP’ (Electrical Submersible Hydraulically Regulated PCP) technology, is carried out in KOC. Scope of this technical paper is to highlight significance of this technology and to share results of our pilot studies, which are carried out to maximize cold heavy oil production. With regard to our methodology, initially, techno-economic evaluation of ‘ES-HR-PCP’ system, is carried out. Selected well for the pilot, is having horizontal completion, with 3-1/2″ tubing and 7″ casing. Perforation is at 1900 feet MD (TVD at 686 feet). Oil API gravity is 17. Target liquid production rate is 200 b/d. After finalization of design, pilot of ‘ES-HR-PCP’ system is commissioned and pump performance is monitored for 6 months. Results are analyzed to determine success of the pilot. This study is based on actual field implementation and does not include lab studies. Technology evaluation has shown that ‘ES-HR-PCP’ system has definite edge over conventional PCP system. Standard PCP can handle only 25% of free gas; while ‘ES-HR-PCP’ can handle 90% of free gas, due to its unique design concept. ‘ES-HR-PCP’ system uses electric cable (and not sucker rods) and down- hole permanent magnet motor (PMM), to transmit power. PMM system can deliver more production, at higher speed; while expending less power. All these factors enable ‘ES-HR-PCP’, to be installed, near to the perforation zone, especially, in horizontal wells, thereby, allowing to attain lowest possible pump intake pressure and maximize production. During the pilot, peak liquid rate of 270 b/d (at 220 rpm), is achieved with installed ‘ES-HR-PCP’ system. Simulation studies also indicated that this technology could handle more than 40% of free gas, for given operating conditions. It is relevant to note that peak liquid rate of 223 b/d (at 375 rpm), is achieved, when this particular well, was installed with standard PCP, earlier. Substantial savings in power consumption is also witnessed by using ‘ES-HR-PCP’ system. Overall, performance of ‘ES-HR-PCP’ system, is observed highly encouraging during the pilot period. It is inferred from our studies that ‘ES-HR-PCP’ technology can offer distinct advantages over standard PCP, to accomplish, enhanced oil gain, operational flexibility and savings in operating expenses. Findings of this study can serve, as a valuable reference, for effective exploitation of heavy oil reservoirs of similar nature.
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Topel, Monika, Markus Jöcker, Sayantan Paul, and Björn Laumert. "Differential Expansion Sensitivity Studies During Steam Turbine Start-Up." In ASME Turbo Expo 2015: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2015-42214.

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In order to improve the startup flexibility of steam turbines it becomes relevant to analyze their dynamic thermal behavior. In this work, the relative expansion between rotor and casing was studied during cold start conditions. This is an important property to monitor during start-up given that clearances between rotating and stationary components must be controlled in order to avoid rubbing. The investigation was performed using a turbine thermal simplified model from previous work by the authors. The first step during the investigation was to extend and refine the modeling tool in order to include thermo mechanical properties. Then, the range of applicability of the model was validated by a two-fold comparison with a higher order finite element numerical model and measured data of a cold start from an installed turbine. Finally, sensitivity studies were conducted with the aim of identifying the modeling assumptions that have the largest influence in capturing the correct thermal behavior of the turbine. It was found that the assumptions for the bearing oil and inter-casing cavity temperatures have a large influence ranging between ± 25% from the measured values. In addition, the sensitivity studies also involved increasing the initial temperature of the casing in order to reduce the peak of differential expansion. Improvements of up to 30% were accounted to this measure. The studies performed serve as a base towards further understanding the differential expansion during start and establishing future clearance control strategies during turbine transient operation.
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Liu, Quan, A. K. Sleiti, and J. S. Kapat. "Application of Pressure and Temperature Sensitive Paints for Study of Heat Transfer to a Circular Impinging Air Jet." In ASME 2005 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2005-79214.

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Experimental and computational studies are performed to study pressure and temperature distributions and flow patterns on impingement target surface subject to a single impinging air jet from a plenum. The experiments cover a range of jet-to- target plate distance, Z/D, from 1.5 to 12 for Reynolds number range from 5000 to 60000. The main objective is to investigate the optimal jet-to-target distance (Z/D) for stagnation point heat transfer and location of second peak of local heat transfer at small Z/D value of 1.5. Pressure and temperature sensitive paints measurements techniques are implemented to obtain the distribution of pressure and temperature on target surface. Flow visualization test has also been performed using surface oil and smoke technique to obtain the streamline distribution over the impinged surface and to qualitative study jet characteristics. The optimal (Z/D) is found to be 4.8 and second peak location for Z/D of 1.5 is at radial location (r/D) of 1.8. Comparison of average Nu with correlation from open literature, shows agreement to within experimental uncertainty for Z/D=5, while for Z/D=1.5 a 23% difference is found. Experimental results are compared to computational (CFD) prediction using Realizable κ-ε turbulence model.
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Clancy, Cathal, François Moyroud, and Kishore Ramakrishnan. "Effect of Cavities on Impeller Aeromechanical Forcing in a Low Pressure Ratio Centrifugal Compressor Stage." In ASME Turbo Expo 2014: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2014-27304.

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Previous experimental and CFD investigation on a GE Oil & Gas centrifugal compressor stage with a vaneless diffuser revealed a complex excitation mechanism caused by aero-acoustic interaction between three blade rows. Recent published studies have indicated that cavities enclosing shrouded impellers may strongly amplify the acoustic excitation of the impeller by Tyler-Sofrin modes. In this current research therefore, the previous CFD study is expanded to include a model of the disk and shroud cavities. A linearized Navier-Stokes frequency sweep in forced response mode shows a well-defined peak in cavity acoustic activity at a certain frequency. It also shows that the inclusion of cavities noticeably increases the modal forcing on the impeller, qualitatively confirming findings in existing literature. A significant difference in modal force magnitude is found between the shroud-disk out-of-phase mode and the in-phase mode, which is consistent with experimental measurements of vibratory response.
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Aquelet, N., and M. Souli. "Damping Effect in Fluid-Structure Interaction: Application to Slamming Problem." In ASME 2003 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2003-2063.

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During a high velocity impact of a structure on an incompressible fluid, impulse loads with high pressure peaks occur. This physical phenomenon called ‘slamming’ is a concern in the shipbuilding industry because of the possibility of hull damage. Shipbuilding companies are carrying out several studies on the slamming modeling using FEM software. This paper presents the prediction of the local high pressure load on a wedge striking a free surface. The fluid-structure interaction is simulated by a fluid-structure coupling algorithm. This method of coupling, which makes it possible to transmit the efforts in pressure from the Eulerian grid to the Lagrangian grid and vice versa, is a relatively recent algorithmic development. It was successfully used in many scientific and industrial applications: the modeling of the bird strike on the fuselage of a Jet for the Boeing Coporation, underwater explosion shaking the oil platforms, and airbag simulation in automotive industry... Predicting the local pressure peak on the structure requires an accurate fluid-structure interaction algorithm. Thus, some penalty coupling enhancements make the slamming modeling possible. The main improvement is a numerical damping factor which permits to smoothing of the pressure signal.
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Aquelet, N., and M. Souli. "Damping Effect in Fluid-Structure Interaction: Application to Slamming Problem." In ASME 2003 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2003-1968.

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During a high velocity impact of a structure on an incompressible fluid, impulse loads with high pressure peaks occur. This physical phenomenon called ‘slamming’ is a concern in the shipbuilding industry because of the possibility of hull damage. Shipbuilding companies are carrying out several studies on the slamming modeling using FEM software. This paper presents the prediction of the local high pressure load on a wedge striking a free surface. The fluid-structure interaction is simulated by a fluid-structure coupling algorithm. This method of coupling, which makes it possible to transmit the efforts in pressure from the Eulerian grid to the Lagrangian grid and vice versa, is a relatively recent algorithmic development. It was successfully used in many scientific and industrial applications: the modeling of the bird strike on the fuselage of a Jet for the Boeing Corporation, underwater explosion shaking the oil platforms, and airbag simulation in automotive industry... Predicting the local pressure peak on the structure requires an accurate fluid-structure interaction algorithm. Thus, some penalty coupling enhancements make the slamming modeling possible. The main improvement is a numerical damping factor which permits to smoothing of the pressure signal.
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Filev, Maksim, Vadim Soldatov, Igor Novikov, Jianhua Xu, Kirill Ovchinnikov, Anna Belova, and Albina Drobot. "Technology for Determining the Inflow from Near and Far Zones of Fractures During Hydraulic Fracturing by Chemical Tracers in a Production Well." In International Petroleum Technology Conference. IPTC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2523/iptc-21357-ms.

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Abstract The tracer-based production logging technology can be used to obtain the well production data continuously for several years without the need for risky well interventions and expensive equipment. The paper examines the case of placing polymer-coated tracers dopped proppant in a horizontal well with ten multi-stage frac intervals and using two different tracers dopped proppant codes for two frac ports (the first and the last ones) to identify the performance of the far and near zones of a hydraulic fracture. Upon the completion of the hydraulic fracturing operations, the collected reservoir fluid samples were studied in the laboratory. Chemical tracers contained in the samples were detected by flow cytofluorometry using custom-tailored machine learning-based software. The studies helped identify the productivity of each frac port, calculate the contribution of each port in percentage points, and also evaluate the productivity of the near and far hydraulic fracture zones in the first and the last intervals. The analysis provided data on the exact content of oil and water in the production profile for each frac interval. The results of tracer-based logging in the well in question revealed that the interval productivity is changing in the course of several months of surveillance. The most productive ports and those showing increasing oil flow rate were identified during quantitative analysis. The use of tracer dopped proppant with different codes within one multi-stage frac interval enabled detecting a peak release of chemical tracers from the far fracture zone in the initial periods of well operation followed by a consistent smoothing of the far and near zones’ production profiles. Laboratory analysis of reservoir fluid samples and hydraulic fracturing simulations proved the uniform distribution of proppant across the entire reservoir pay zone and laid the foundation for further research required to better understand the fracture geometry and reduce uncertainties in production optimization operations.
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9

Chai, Rukaun, Yuetian Liu, Qianjun Liu, Xuan He, and Pingtian Fan. "Effect and Mechanism of CO2 Electrochemical Reduction for CCUS-EOR." In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/206135-ms.

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Abstract Unconventional reservoir plays an increasingly important role in the world energy system, but its recovery is always quite low. Therefore, the economic and effective enhanced oil recovery (EOR) technology is urgently required. Moreover, with the aggravation of greenhouse effect, carbon neutrality has become the human consensus. How to sequestrate CO2 more economically and effectively has aroused wide concerns. Carbon Capture, Utilization and Storage (CCUS)-EOR is a win-win technology, which can not only enhance oil recovery but also increase CO2 sequestration efficiency. However, current CCUS-EOR technologies usually face serious gas channeling which finally result in the poor performance on both EOR and CCUS. This study introduced CO2 electrochemical conversion into CCUS-EOR, which successively combines CO2 electrochemical reduction and crude oil electrocatalytic cracking both achieves EOR and CCUS. In this study, multiscale experiments were conducted to study the effect and mechanism of CO2 electrochemical reduction for CCUS-EOR. Firstly, the catalyst and catalytic electrode were synthetized and then were characterized by using scanning electron microscope (SEM) & energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Then, electrolysis experiment & liquid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) experiments were implemented to study the mechanism of CO2 electrochemical reduction. And electrolysis experiment & gas chromatography (GC) & viscosity & density experiments were used to investigate the mechanism of crude oil electrocatalytic cracking. Finally, contact angle and coreflooding experiments were respectively conducted to study the effect of the proposed technology on wettability and CCUS-EOR. SEM & EDS & XPS results confirmed that the high pure SnO2 nanoparticles with the hierarchical, porous structure, and the large surface area were synthetized. Electrolysis & 1H NMR experiment showed that CO2 has converted into formate with the catalysis of SnO2 nanoparticles. Electrolysis & GC & Density & Viscosity experiments indicated that the crude oil was electrocatalytically cracked into the light components (&lt;C20) from the heavy components (C21∼C37). As voltage increases from 2.0V to 7.0V, the intensity of CO2 electrocchemical reduction and crude oil electrocatalytic cracking enhances to maximum at 3.5V (i.e., formate concentration reaches 6.45mmol/L and carbon peak decreases from C17 to C15) and then weakens. Contact angle results indicated that CO2 electrochemical reduction and crude oil electocatalytic cracking work jointly to promote wettability alteration. Thereof, CO2 electrochemical reduction effect is dominant. Coreflooding results indicated that CO2 electrochemical reduction technology has great potential on EOR and CCUS. With the SnO2 catalytic electrode at optimal voltage (3.5V), the additional recovery reaches 9.2% and CO2 sequestration efficiency is as high as 72.07%. This paper introduced CO2 electrochemical conversion into CCUS-EOR, which successfully combines CO2 electrochemical reduction and crude oil electrocatalytic cracking into one technology. It shows great potential on CCUS-EOR and more studies are required to reveal its in-depth mechanisms.
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Elshamy, Omar, Nidal Ghizawi, Ce´line Yon, Simone Pazzi, and Denis Guenard. "An Aerodynamic Optimization Procedure for the Preliminary Design of Centrifugal Compressor Stages." In ASME Turbo Expo 2008: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2008-51154.

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This paper presents an automated aerodynamic optimization procedure for the preliminary design of centrifugal compressors. The proposed procedure interfaces a well-validated prediction tool with a GE in-house developed optimization code (PEZ). In GE Oil & Gas this tool is used to predict the performance of a single centrifugal compressor stage the outline of which requires more than thirty geometric parameters to be set. In the early phase of a new stage design, the designer manually varies all related parameters in the framework of a trial-and-error approach. The optimization procedure eliminates the inconvenience of a vast amount of manually launched simulations required by variations of the large number of design variables. Additionally, this procedure can perform trade-off studies and sensitivity analysis. In this case the optimization plan consists of a differential evolution (DE) genetic algorithm followed by a simplex-based optimization method (AMOEBA). The procedure was challenged with several existing designs by setting different objective/constraints combinations. The optimizer was often able to improve the predicted performance, as for an old 2D design where it was possible to increase the peak efficiency of approximately 2.6%. Also, the algorithm proved able to maximize the polytropic head (+12% with respect to baseline), while keeping unaltered both surge and choke limits. The computational time was about 40 hours per case on a Windows workstation (3.20 GHz, 3.5 GB RAM).
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