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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Pearl millet – Physiological effect

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Academic literature on the topic 'Pearl millet – Physiological effect'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Pearl millet – Physiological effect"

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Javorski, Maicon, Danielle Otte Carrara Castan, Sibelle Santanna da Silva, Francisco Guilhien Gomes-Junior, and Silvio Moure Cicero. "Image analysis to evaluate the physiological potential and morphology of pearl millet seeds." Journal of Seed Science 40, no. 2 (June 2018): 127–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1545v40n2176904.

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Abstract: The use of fast and precise procedures for seed analysis is an important factor for making decisions at different stages of seed production. The aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of internal damage and associate morphological traits of pearl millet seeds with their physiological potential, and evaluate seed vigor using the Seed Vigor Imaging System (SVIS®) compared to other traditional vigor tests. Eight seed lots of the pearl millet cultivar ADR 300 were analyzed for germination, vigor (first count, accelerated aging, cold test, and SVIS®), internal morphology (X-ray), and morphological parameters (perimeter, area, and roundness). The X-ray test is effective in evaluating the internal morphology of pearl millet seeds, allowing identification of mechanical damage and of deteriorated and malformed tissues, making it possible to establish a relationship between the damage observed and the negative effect on germination. SVIS® analyses on two-day-old seedlings are a reliable method for assessing seed vigor of pearl millet. Parameters of perimeter and area of the seeds are related to their physiological potential.

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Masenya, Thabiso Isaac, Victor Mlambo, and Caven Mguvane Mnisi. "Complete replacement of maize grain with sorghum and pearl millet grains in Jumbo quail diets: Feed intake, physiological parameters, and meat quality traits." PLOS ONE 16, no. 3 (March 29, 2021): e0249371. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0249371.

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In sub-Saharan Africa, the use of maize (Zea mays L.) grain as an energy source in poultry feeds has become unsustainable due to competing demands and suboptimal growing conditions for the maize crop. Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor Moench L.) and pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) grains are potential sustainable alternatives, given their tolerance to local growing conditions. Therefore, this study evaluated the effect of total replacement of maize grain with whole or crushed sorghum and pearl millet grains on feed intake, and physiological and meat quality parameters of Jumbo quail. Five experimental diets were formulated by completely replacing crushed maize grain in a commercial grower diet (CON) with whole sorghum (WSG), crushed sorghum (CSG), whole millet (WMG), or crushed millet (CMG). Three hundred and fifty, two-week-old Jumbo quail chicks (74.7 ± 8.81 g live-weight) were evenly distributed into 35 replicate pens to which the experimental diets were allotted. Statistically similar (P > 0.05) weight gain and FCE values were observed between birds reared on the control and pearl millet-based diets. However, birds fed with sorghum-based diets had the lowest FCE and weight gain. Blood parameters fell within the normal ranges reported for healthy quail. Birds fed the whole sorghum grain diet had the least (P < 0.05) serum calcium and higher monocytes, cholesterol, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) concentrations compared to those reared on the control diet. Compared to the control, the whole sorghum-containing diet reduced (P < 0.05) carcass, breast, wing, thigh, drumstick, liver, gizzard, and large intestine weights of the birds. Complete replacement of maize grain with pearl millet grain (whole or crushed) did not compromise feed intake, growth performance, and meat quality traits of the Jumbo quail birds. However, whole sorghum grain reduced growth performance of the birds.

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Alyami, Jaber, Ella Whitehouse, Gleb E. Yakubov, Susan E. Pritchard, Caroline L. Hoad, Elaine Blackshaw, Khaled Heissam, et al. "Glycaemic, gastrointestinal, hormonal and appetitive responses to pearl millet or oats porridge breakfasts: a randomised, crossover trial in healthy humans." British Journal of Nutrition 122, no. 10 (August 6, 2019): 1142–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114519001880.

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AbstractWhole-grain cereal breakfast consumption has been associated with beneficial effects on glucose and insulin metabolism as well as satiety. Pearl millet is a popular ancient grain variety that can be grown in hot, dry regions. However, little is known about its health effects. The present study investigated the effect of a pearl millet porridge (PMP) compared with a well-known Scottish oats porridge (SOP) on glycaemic, gastrointestinal, hormonal and appetitive responses. In a randomised, two-way crossover trial, twenty-six healthy participants consumed two isoenergetic/isovolumetric PMP or SOP breakfast meals, served with a drink of water. Blood samples for glucose, insulin, glucagon-like peptide 1, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), peptide YY, gastric volumes and appetite ratings were collected 2 h postprandially, followed by an ad libitum meal and food intake records for the remainder of the day. The incremental AUC (iAUC2h) for blood glucose was not significantly different between the porridges (P > 0·05). The iAUC2h for gastric volume was larger for PMP compared with SOP (P = 0·045). The iAUC2h for GIP concentration was significantly lower for PMP compared with SOP (P = 0·001). Other hormones and appetite responses were similar between meals. In conclusion, the present study reports, for the first time, data on glycaemic and physiological responses to a pearl millet breakfast, showing that this ancient grain could represent a sustainable alternative with health-promoting characteristics comparable with oats. GIP is an incretin hormone linked to TAG absorption in adipose tissue; therefore, the lower GIP response for PMP may be an added health benefit.

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Lubadde, G., P. Tongoona, J. Derera, and J. Sibiya. "Combining Ability and Heterosis for Grain Yield and Rust Resistance in Pearl Millet." Journal of Agricultural Science 8, no. 7 (June 8, 2016): 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v8n7p80.

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<p> </p><p>Pearl millet is a dual-purpose crop in semi-arid zones of Uganda. However, no studies have been conducted to determine the gene effects for yield and yield-related traits and rust resistance in these environments; yet this knowledge is important in improving grain yield and rust resistance. A North Carolina II mating design was adopted to study the genetic effects for rust resistance and yield-related traits of improved pearl millet genotypes. The experimental design to study the objectives was alpha in two [locations, seasons and replications]. A higher proportion of general combining ability (GCA) effect was observed for grain yield, days to 50% flowering, days to 50% anthesis, flower-anthesis interval, days to 50% physiological maturity, plant height, total tiller number, number of productive tillers, percentage of productive tillers, panicle area, leaf area, 1000-grain weight, biological yield and harvest index. The specific combining ability (SCA) effect was predominant for area under disease progress curve. Eleven hybrids performed better than the best male parent and five crosses performed better than the best female parent for grain yield while all the fifteen selected best crosses performed better than all parents for area under disease progress curve. Ten crosses were more resistant to rust than the best male parent and all the crosses were more resistant to rust than the female parents. The additive gene action was predominant for grain yield, rust severity at 50% physiological maturity, days to 50% flowering, days to 50% anthesis, total tiller number, percentage of productive tillers, panicle area, 1000-grain weight, biological yield, harvest index and leaf area. High better-parent heterosis was also observed for most traits including grain yield and rust resistance. The traits were also characterized by relatively low levels of narrow sense heritability.</p>

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Parmar, GM, PR Patel, SK Parmar, KD Mungra, and MK Sharma. "Effect of growth substances on morpho-physiological traits and yield in pearl millet under rainfed condition." Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry 10, no. 2 (March 1, 2021): 971–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.22271/phyto.2021.v10.i2m.13928.

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., Mamta, Y. Sudarsan, VP Agarwal, Ishani Dogra, Aarif Khan, and Mansi Sharma. "Effect of terminal drought on morphological and physiological attributes of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.)." International Journal of Chemical Studies 8, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 1411–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.22271/chemi.2020.v8.i1t.8456.

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Mahalakshmi, V., and F. R. Bidinger. "Water stress and time of floral initiation in pearl millet." Journal of Agricultural Science 105, no. 2 (October 1985): 437–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859600056483.

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SUMMARYThe interaction of water stress and time from sowing to floral initiation was investigated in the field with pearl millet hybrid BJ 104. Extended daylength was used to delay panicle initiation (PI) and flowering (FL) of crops exposed to single periods of mid-season drought. Growth, yield and yield components were related to the number of days for PI and FL in both irrigated and water-stressed treatments. Delay in PI resulted in more leaves and tillers per plant, and greater leaf area, height and total dry matter. Grain yield, however, was not affected resulting in lower ‘harvest index’. There was, however, an increase in the grain yield of main shoots which was offset by a proportional decrease in the grain yield of tillers.Water stress effects were dependent on the physiological stage of the crop at which stress occurred, as a result of the photoperiod treatments. Water stress prior to panicle initiation did not affect the grain yield of the main shoot but increased tiller grain yield, resulting in a higher total (crop) grain yield. Water stress during panicle development reduced the grain yield on the main shoot but this loss was compensated by the grain from the increased number of tiller panicles which reached flowering. Water stress during flowering and grain filling reduced grain yields of both main shoot and tillers, making this the most sensitive stage. Photoperiodic control of floral initiation can provide an escape mechanism to avoid the coincidence of mid-season water stress with sensitive periods of growth.

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Shanmugasundaram, V. S., and M. Kannaiyan. "Effect of Concentration of Seed Hardening Chemicals on Physiological Characters of Pearl Millet (Pennisetum typhoides Stapf and Hubb)." Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science 163, no. 3 (October 1989): 174–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-037x.1989.tb00753.x.

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Heidari, Mostafa, and Parisa Jamshidi. "Effects of Salinity and Potassium Application on Antioxidant Enzyme Activities and Physiological Parameters in Pearl Millet." Agricultural Sciences in China 10, no. 2 (February 2011): 228–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1671-2927(09)60309-6.

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Choudhary, Minakshi, Jayanand Manjhi, and Anvesha Sinha. "Effect of Drought Stress in Various Enzymes of Pennisetum glaucum." International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology 3, no. 1 (March 25, 2015): 134–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v3i1.12278.

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Introduction: Pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) is an important cereal of traditional farming systems that has the natural ability to withstandvarious abiotic stresses such as drought, which is one of the most important manifestations of abiotic stress in plants. These plants havehowever evolved mechanisms that allow them to adapt and survive prolonged periods of water deficit at some level or form of plant structure,if not at the whole plant level. The hostile conditions augment the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) during physiological stresses inplants which are combated by various enzymatic and non-enzymatic mechanisms. The present study aims at examining the role of fourimportant enzymes namely Ascorbic peroxidase (APX), Peroxidase (POX), Catalase (CAT) and Superoxide Dismutase(SOD) expressed duringdrought stress in pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum). Method: 12 and 22 days old seedlings of Pennisetum cultivar HHB-68 were subjectedto drought stress by treatment of 30% Polyethylene glycol for different time periods 30min (T1), 2hr (T2), 4hr (T3), 8hr (T4), 16hr (T5), 24hr(T6) and 48hr (T7) respectively, monitored by examining RWC of seedlings. The treatment seedlings were then used for investigating thelevels of enzymes activity in response to prolonged dehydration periods of 22 days. The enzyme activity of POX, APX, CAT and SOD wereassayed. Result: Enzymes expression was assayed for each treatment sets at both time intervals. Drought stress was observed to causeremarkable increase in POX, APX and SOD activity while incidence of CAT enzyme decreased with the increasing period of water deficit.Conclusion: Prolonged periods of water deficiency causes significant variations in expression of various enzymes in Pennisetum glaucum,known to be involved in ROS scavenging and drought stress management. The study provides a sturdy validation of the role of these enzymesas potent mechanisms undertaken by drought resistant plants for successful management of drought stress, which can be used for thedevelopment of more efficient and economic drought resistant cultivars.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v3i1.12278 Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol. 3(1): 134-138

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Pearl millet – Physiological effect"

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Ali, Ghulam Muhammad. "Genetics and physiological basis of salinity tolerance in pearl millet (Pennisetum americanum L.)." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.367186.

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Osman, Mohammed A. "Effect of water stress on the physiology, growth, and morphology of three pearl millet genotypes." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1988. http://etd.library.arizona.edu/etd/GetFileServlet?file=file:///data1/pdf/etd/azu_e9791_1988_11_sip1_w.pdf&type=application/pdf.

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Ben, Hammouda Moncef 1955. "Effect of water regimes and planting dates on growth and development of corn, sorghum and pearl millet." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/191873.

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The relative responses of corn (Zea mays L.), pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.) and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) to water stress and planting dates effects were studied. Two hybrids each of corn and sorghum and two inbred lines of pearl millet were grown from two planting dates of mid-May and mid-July under wet and dry soil moisture conditions. Water stress reduced plant heights, seed volume weight (except within the May planting, water stress increased seed volume-weight for sorghum), seed weight, and forage yield with less effect than for grain yield. Mid-July planting reduced the number of days to anthesis and heights of pearl millet and sorghum plants while it did increase the height of corn plants. Mid-May planting appeared to increase seed volume-weight and seed weight. Crops yielded more when planted in May except for pearl millet which yielded better under dry conditions when planted in July.

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Stomph, Tjeerd Jan. "Seedling establishment in pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R.Br.) : the influence of genotype, physiological seed quality, soil temperature and soil water." Thesis, University of Reading, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.276632.

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Rahman, Azizur 1954. "Effects of soil moisture stress and inter-plot competition on grain yield and other agronomic characteristics of sorghum and pearl millet." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/277218.

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Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L., Moench) and pearl millet (Pennisetum americanum L., Leeke) were intercropped under soil moisture non-stress and stress at Marana, Arizona during summer 1987. Effects of soil moisture stress and inter-row competition between sorghum and pearl millet on grain yield, 50% bloom, plant height, head length, head exsertion, 1000 grain weight, and number of effective tillers were evaluated. Interplot competition significantly reduced grain yield and head exsertion of peal millet. In sorghum, only plant height was significantly different due to competition. Agronomic characters were significantly different due to the effect of soil moisture stress except head length in pearl millet and head length, 1000 seed weight, and number of effective tillers in sorghum. Sorghum growing in a neighbor plot greatly suppressed millet grain yield under soil moisture stress. Relative yield total of the cereals under intercrop was less than unity under soil moisture stress.

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Birzer, Dianne Marie. "The further characterization of a goitrogen in pearl millet (Pennisetum americanum (L.) Leeke)." 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/27594.

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Modiakgotla, E. (Elijah). "Pearl millet (Pennisetum americanum (L.) Leeke) emergence, yield and yield component response to seed quality and soil temperature." 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/27504.

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Ben, Hammouda Moncef. "Effect of water regimes and planting dates on growth and development of corn, sorghum and pearl millet." 1985. http://etd.library.arizona.edu/etd/GetFileServlet?file=file:///data1/pdf/etd/azu_e9791_1985_493_sip1_w.pdf&type=application/pdf.

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Book chapters on the topic "Pearl millet – Physiological effect"

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Gupta, A. P., R. P. Narwa, and R. S. Antil. "Effect of Farm Yard Manure and Fertilizer Nitrogen in Pearl millet-Wheat cropping Sequence." In Evaluation of Soil Organic Matter Models, 345–50. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-61094-3_31.

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"americanum) [29]. Among wheat, tetraploid durum wheat contained higher FL contents than the U.S. hard winter NSTL shows the highest NL:PoL ratio. wheats. Larsen et al. [66] reported New Zealand wheat flour Among all grains, wheat is the richest in GL, followed FL content ranges of 67-85 mg/10 g (db) for the 1984 crop by triticale, rye, and barley. Millet lipids from P. ameri-and 93-108 mg/10 g (db) for the 1985 wheat crop (Table 4). canum seed [29], corn, and sorghum lipids contain the Ten Greek bread wheat flours [67] contained lipid ranges lowest GL content. However, other researchers [32] report-similar to those in U.S. Kansas flours reported by Chung et ed that GL contents ranged from 6 to 14% for millet lipids al. [61]. Australian scientists [68,69] also investigated their that were extracted by hot water—saturated butanol and wheat FL. Compared with the means of U.S. wheat and acid hydrolysis. flour FL [61], Australian wheats contained substantially In general, PL also are more abundant in wheat, triti-less FL and NL but higher PL. Australian flours contained cale, rye lipids and slightly lower in barley, oat groats, similar FL and NL but still higher PoL content (Table 4). sorghum, and rice. Although corn NSTL were found to have higher PL contents than GL contents, they were very low in PL compared to other grains. Millet NSTL from P. C. Fatty Acid Composition of Grain Lipids americanum seed [29] contains the lowest PL content of All cereal grain lipids are rich in unsaturated fatty acids all the grains. (FA) (Table 5). Palmitic acid (16:0) is a major saturated Wheat flour FL, a minor component, have been report-FA, and linoleic acid (18:2) is a major unsaturated FA for ed to have a significant effect on bread-making. When the all cereals except for brown rice. In brown rice, oleic acid defatted flours were reconstituted with the extracted lipids (18:1) is a major unsaturated FA. The presence of palmi-to their original levels, the PoL fraction of FL but not the toleic acid (16:1) and eicosenoic acid (20:1) is reported NL completely restored loaf volume and crumb grain quite often but usually at levels below 1% of total FA com-[59,60]. Among wheat flour lipids, GL are the best bread position. loaf volume improvers [19-21]. Fatty acid compositions are generally similar for barley, In 1982, Chung et al. [61] reported a range of 177-230 rye, triticale, and wheat lipids. Rye lipids are somewhat mg/10 g (db) for wheat FL contents of 21 HRW wheats higher in linolneic acid (18:3) than those of other cereals. (Table 4). Flours showed 83-109 mg FL, 67-84 mg NL, Oat lipid FA composition is similar to that of brown rice, and 11-27 mg PoL with NL:PoL ratios of 2.5-6.9. Ohm because oats and brown rice are rich in oleic acid. Millet and Chung [62] also investigated the FL contents of flours lipids are generally higher in stearic acid (18:0) than all from 12 commercial hard winter wheat cultivars grown at other cereal lipids. six locations and reported the cultivar mean ranges of There are wide ranges in FA compositions of corn oils 90-109 mg/10 g (db) for total flour FL, 72-85 mg for NL, (Table 6). Jellum [82] reported a range of 14-64% oleic 11-16 mg for GL, 1.7-3.1 mg for monogalactosyldiglyc-acid and 19-71% linoleic acid for the world collection of erides (MGDG), 5.3-6.5 mg for digalactosyldiglycerides 788 varieties of corn (Table 6). The wide ranges in FA com-(DGDG), and 5-7 mg for PL (Table 4). The ratios of NL to position were due to more lines having been examined in PoL were in a much narrower range than those of earlier corn than in any of the other cereal grains [1]. Dunlap et al. work by Chung et al. [61]. This was probably due to a [86,87] reported on corn genotypes with unusual fatty acid smaller variation in the released cultivars used by Ohm compositions (Table 6). They found palmitic acid ranges of and Chung [62]. Samples used by Chung et al. [61] includ-6.3-7.6% and 16.7-18.2% for low and high saturated corn ed some experimental lines. genotypes, respectively. They also reported a range of Bekes et al. [63] investigated 22 hard and 4 soft spring 43.9-46.1% of oleic acids for high oleic acid lines. wheat varieties grown at 3 locations in Canada: varietal Fatty acid composition differs depending on the lipid means ranged from 72 to 134 mg per 10 g (db) flour for extractant (Tables 5 and 6). For example, FL were higher FL, 61-115 mg for NL, 4-11 mg for GL, and 4-9 mg for in both oleic and linoleic acids than the BL of corn and PL (Table 4). There were larger variations in FL contents pearl millet, whereas FL were lower in palmitic acid than for Canadian spring wheats than for U.S. hard winter the BL of millet, oats, and corn. The FA composition of wheats except for GL. Chung [64] showed that U.S. winter NSTL from corn is intermediate to those of FL and BL and spring wheats could not be differentiated by lipid con-based on data complied by Morrison [3]. tents and compositions. Wheat lipid FA compositions for different classes or Unlike the Canadian spring wheats [63], the U.K. soft subclasses are shown in Table 7. The average of 6 HWW winter wheats [65] contained more FL (195-244 mg/10 g, wheats and 14 SWS wheat lipids was lower in palmitic and db) with higher NL content than hard winter wheats stearic acids and higher in linoleic and linolenic acids than (186-210 mg/10 g, db). In general, U.K. hard spring wheats the overall average of 290 wheat lipids. The average FA." In Handbook of Cereal Science and Technology, Revised and Expanded, 435–37. CRC Press, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781420027228-44.

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