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1
Popa, Cosmin Octavian, and Adrian Rus. "The Correlation Between Personality Dimensions and Young People's Choice of a Medical Career." Acta Medica Marisiensis 62, no. 4 (December 1, 2016): 395–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/amma-2016-0052.
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AbstractObjective: The research assumes that there is a correlation between personality dimensions Extraversion and Conscientiousness which mean autonomy, ambition and consistency of purpose, self-efficacy and determination for young people who want to aspire to a medical career.Methods: In this study’s target group were included 130 students aspiring to a medical career, that participated in the summer school organized by UMF Tirgu-Mures in 2016, of which 25 (19%) male and 106 (81%) female, average overall age group being 17.23.Results: Within the female group, the Pearson cross-correlation coefficient of Openness and Conscientiousness is r. Pearson (105) = − .20, p <0.05. The Pearson coefficient of cross-correlation between Extraversion and Conscientiousness is = − .20, p <0.05. The Pearson coefficient of cross-correlation between emotional stability and conscientiousness is r. Pearson (105) = .36, p <.001. In the male group, the Pearson cross-correlation coefficient between the Extraversion and Conscientiousness personality dimensions is r. Pearson (N = 25) = −.39 where p <0.05.Conclusions: The Extraversion dimension of personality is a dynamic factor and motivator only when it is correlated with the Conscientiousness personality dimension. This indicates dynamism and autonomy, persistence in achieving goals, ambition, high motivation, interpersonal social intelligence and emotional stability, resulting a personality profile that matches one of the aspirants to a medical career.
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Lee, Juhyun, Andrew Phan, and Jing Gao. "Multiparametric Ultrasound to Assess Adult Carotid Arteries." Journal for Vascular Ultrasound 44, no. 3 (June 1, 2020): 144–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1544316720927879.
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The aim of the study was to assess the value of multiparametric ultrasound in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk screening of the carotid artery. We performed ultrasonography of carotid arteries in 96 adults in 3 age groups: senior (age ≥65 years, n = 44), middle age (age 45-64 years, n = 31), and young adults (age 20-44 years, n = 21). The senior group was then divided into subgroups: athletes (n = 21) and non-athletes (n = 23). Ultrasound parameters included carotid intima-media thickness, distensibility coefficient, and presence of plaque(s). Statistical analyses included one-way analysis of variance with post hoc to analyze the differences in ultrasound parameters among the age groups; unpaired t-test to examine differences between hypertensive and normotensive participants, between seniors with and without plaque(s), and between senior athletes and non-athletes; Pearson correlation coefficient to analyze correlations of ultrasound parameters to age and blood pressure; and intraclass correlation coefficient to test intra- and inter-observer reliability in performing multiparametric ultrasound. Carotid intima-media thickness and distensibility coefficient significantly differed among the 3 age groups and between athletes and non-athletes ( P < .001). Senior athletes had greater distensibility than non-athletes (all Ps < .05). Carotid intima-media thickness was increased and distensibility was reduced with age and hypertension. Age and blood pressure positively correlated with carotid intima-media thickness (Pearson correlation coefficient, r > .21) and negatively with distensibility coefficient (Pearson correlation coefficient, r < –.48). Inter- and intra-observer reliability in performing multiparametric ultrasound was good (intraclass correlation coefficient, r > .81). Multiparametric ultrasound is a useful tool to assess carotid artery function and morphology comprehensively.
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Kader, Gary, and Christine Franklin. "The Evolution of Pearson's Correlation Coefficient." Mathematics Teacher 102, no. 4 (November 2008): 292–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.5951/mt.102.4.0292.
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Studying the relationship between two quantitative variables is a standard topic in statistics. In high school and introductory college-level statistics, Pearson's correlation coefficient, r, is typically included as a measure of the direction and strength of the linear relationship between two quantitative variables. This article describes an activity that aids an intuitive development of the formula for r and its interpretation. Exploring scatter plots allows students to develop an intermediate measure of association called the quadrant count ratio (QCR), investigate properties of the QCR, and develop Pearson's r to address some of the QCR's shortcomings.
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Kader, Gary, and Christine Franklin. "The Evolution of Pearson's Correlation Coefficient." Mathematics Teacher 102, no. 4 (November 2008): 292–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.5951/mt.102.4.0292.
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Studying the relationship between two quantitative variables is a standard topic in statistics. In high school and introductory college-level statistics, Pearson's correlation coefficient, r, is typically included as a measure of the direction and strength of the linear relationship between two quantitative variables. This article describes an activity that aids an intuitive development of the formula for r and its interpretation. Exploring scatter plots allows students to develop an intermediate measure of association called the quadrant count ratio (QCR), investigate properties of the QCR, and develop Pearson's r to address some of the QCR's shortcomings.
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Wang, X., B. Jiang, and J. S. Liu. "Generalized R-squared for detecting dependence." Biometrika 104, no. 1 (February 22, 2017): 129–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/biomet/asw071.
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SUMMARY Detecting dependence between two random variables is a fundamental problem. Although the Pearson correlation coefficient is effective for capturing linear dependence, it can be entirely powerless for detecting nonlinear and/or heteroscedastic patterns. We introduce a new measure, G-squared, to test whether two univariate random variables are independent and to measure the strength of their relationship. The G-squared statistic is almost identical to the square of the Pearson correlation coefficient, R-squared, for linear relationships with constant error variance, and has the intuitive meaning of the piecewise R-squared between the variables. It is particularly effective in handling nonlinearity and heteroscedastic errors. We propose two estimators of G-squared and show their consistency. Simulations demonstrate that G-squared estimators are among the most powerful test statistics compared with several state-of-the-art methods.
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Ferraro, Mark, Jennifer Hogan Demaio, Jennifer Krol, Chris Trudell, Keren Rannekleiv, Lisa Edelstein, Paul Christos, et al. "Assessing the Motor Status Score: A Scale for the Evaluation of Upper Limb Motor Outcomes in Patients after Stroke." Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair 16, no. 3 (September 2002): 283–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154596830201600306.
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The Motor Status Scale (MSS) measures shoulder, elbow (maximum score = 40), wrist, hand, and finger movements (maximum score = 42), and expands the measurement of upper extremity impairment and disability provided by the Fugl-Meyer (FM) score. This work examines the interrater reliability and criterion validity of the MSS performed in patients admitted to a rehabilitation hospital 21 ± 4 days after stroke. Using the MSS and the FM, 7 occupational therapists masked to each other’s judgments, evaluated 12 consecutive patients with stroke. Two therapists evaluated 6 additional patients on consecutive days. Intraclass correlation coefficients were significant for each group of raters for the shoulder/elbow and for the wrist/hand (P < 0.0001); test-retest measures were also significant for the shoulder/elbow (Pearson correlation coefficient r = 0.99, P < 0.004) and for the wrist/hand (Pearson correlation coefficient r = 0.99, P < 0.003). The internal item consistency for the overall MSS was significant (Cronbach alpha = 0.98, P < 0.0001). Finally the correlation between the MSS and the FM (R 2 = 0.964) was significant (P < 0.0001). The MSS affords a reliable and valid assessment of upper limb impairment and disability following stroke.
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Koterov, A., L. Ushenkova, E. Zubenkova, M. Kalinina, A. Biryukov, E. Lastochkina, D. Molodtsova, and A. Vaynson. "Strength of Association. Report 2. Graduations of Correlation Size." Medical Radiology and radiation safety 64, no. 6 (November 10, 2019): 12–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1024-6177-2019-64-6-12-24.
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Purpose: To summarize data on graduation of the effect size on the base of Hill’s first causality criterion ‘strength of association’ on the magnitude of the correlation coefficient (mainly Pearson r).
Material and methods: Survey of published sources: monographs, handbooks, papers, educational material on statistics in various disciplines (including on-line), etc. (121 references; of which more than 20 textbooks on statistical methods and statistics in psychology and 8 textbooks on epidemiology).
Results: Estimation of the strength of association by the correlation size is most common in psycho-sociological disciplines and is almost never used in epidemiology (since the establishment of a fact of statistically significant association/correlation in epidemiology is only the initial stage of evidence, unlike the experimental and named disciplines). A number of known scales for r were obtained: the Chaddok scale (R.E. Chaddock) from 1925, which is now apparently not used abroad, but widely represented in the countries of the former USSR, the Cohen scale (J. Cohen) from 1969–1988, reflecting the ‘soft’ criteria of causality in psychology, D.E. Hinkle with co-authors scale (1979–2003) and the Evans scale (J.D. Evans) from 1996. A number of other graduations, published in the singular, are also given. A total of at least 16 different scales of varying degrees were collected for the correlation coefficient r (1925–2019). The information about the value of r for correlations, which should be neglected was presented. Depending on the source, this is r <0.1; r <0.2 or r <0.3. The data on the possibility of transferring graduations from the Pearson coefficient r to the Spearman correlation coefficient and other parameters of the effect size are given.
The question of the difference between estimation of strength of association in epidemiology and medicine and in psycho-sociological disciplines is considered. Unlike the second, in epidemiology and medicine a small value of the correlation coefficient does not necessarily mean a small effect size.
Conclusions: To estimate the value of r one should use the most common and officially established scales, with the exception of the strongly ‘soft’ Cohen scale. The present study can be used as a reference guide on the graduations of effect size on r for a wide variety of observation disciplines.
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MASCARENHAS, Jean Márcia Oliveira, Rita de Cássia Ribeiro SILVA, Maria Ester Pereira Conceição MACHADO, Carlos Antonio de Souza Teles SANTOS, Dirce Maria Lobo MARCHIONI, and Maurício Lima BARRETO. "Validation of a food frequency questionnaire designed for adolescents in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil." Revista de Nutrição 29, no. 2 (April 2016): 163–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1678-98652016000200002.
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Objective: This study assessed the validity of a Food Frequency Questionnaire used to assess food intake in adolescents in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. Methods: Seventy adolescents enrolled in public schools aged 11 to 17 years participated in this study. The dietary intake of the adolescents was assessed using the Food Frequency Questionnaire and the mean value of three-day food record, used as the reference method. The mean (and standard deviation) energy and nutrient intakes estimated from the Food Frequency Questionnaire and food records were calculated. The paired Student's t test was used to determine differences between the data. Results: Pearson's correlation coefficient and Kappa statistics were used to measure the strength of the association between the two instruments. There was variation in the crude unadjusted (r=0.61-0.73) and deattenuated (r=0.33-0.99) Pearson correlation coefficients. After adjusting for energy, the crude and deattenuated coefficients ranged from r=0.53-0.81 and r=0.27-0.99, respectively. The intake of energy and most nutrients were found to be adequate, except for fiber (r=0.27) and calcium (r=0.33), which showed a weak correlation. Kappa statistics showed good correlation between all values varying from r=0.47 to 0.73. Conclusion: It is considered that an average r value greater than 0.40 indicates a good correlation, the results obtained indicate the good ability of the Food Frequency Questionnaire to assess individuals according to their usual intake of most nutrients.
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Sedhom, Ramy, Betty R. Ferrell, Nora Ruel, Marianna Koczywas, Vincent Chung, and Thomas J. Smith. "Validity of patient-reported outcomes to describe the symptom experience of patients enrolled on phase I clinical trials." Journal of Clinical Oncology 38, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2020): 12107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2020.38.15_suppl.12107.
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12107 Background: Symptoms are common among patients enrolled in phase I trials. To integrate the patient perspective, the National Cancer Institute developed a patient-reported outcomes version of the CTCAE (PRO-CTCAE) to capture symptomatic adverse events (AEs) directly from patients; however, the tool has not been used often in early phase trials or in palliative care studies. Our overall objective was to assess the validity of PRO-CTCAE items to previously validated assessments of quality of life (FACT-G) and psychological distress (Distress Thermometer). We utilized data from a randomized trial testing a palliative care intervention for patients with cancer enrolled on phase I trials. Methods: Patients (n = 481) were accrued to the parent study prior to initiating a Phase I clinical trial with data collected at baseline, 4, and 12 weeks. We determined the correlation of PRO-CTCAE with Distress Level, FACT-G total and subscale domain scores. Aggregate scores using PRO-CTCAE were calculated to explore the effect of overall symptom frequency, severity, and interference by calculating the total of all scored items classified within each of those domains. We used these metrics to identify associations between this and other validated tools. Results: Patients were predominantly female (56.8%), over age 60, and 30.7% were minority populations. Correlations between PRO-CTCAE items and corresponding FACT-G (total and subscales) and Distress levels reached statistical significance for all items (p < 0.001). Importantly, many of symptoms captured would have been missed using HRQOL assessment tools. Some of these symptoms affected nearly 50% of patients and were frequently rated as severe or very severe. The correlation coefficient for Distress Level for all PRO-CTCAE items was small to moderate (Pearson r = 0.33 to 0.46). Pearson’s correlation coefficient for FACT-G total was moderate ( r = -0.45 to -0.69). Mood items of the PRO-CTCAE had stronger associations (Pearson r > 0.5). PRO-CTCAE symptom interference scores had the strongest correlation with Distress (Pearson r = 0.46) and FACT-G Total (Pearson r = -0.69). Conclusions: Patients entering Phase I trials are willing to report on symptoms they experience as a result of advancing disease and adverse effects from experimental treatment. Evidence demonstrates favorable validity of PRO-CTCAE in a heterogeneous US sample of patients undergoing cancer treatment on phase I trials. The granular assessment of symptomatic AEs may be on increasing importance as we enter a new therapeutic era in oncology. Clinical trial information: NCT01828775 .
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Olufikayo, Aderinlewo, and Ata Grace. "Risk perception factors and their influence on road transportation." Journal of Transport Literature 8, no. 2 (April 2014): 100–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s2238-10312014000200005.
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This study assesses risk in road transportation in Ekiti State, Nigeria through a number of factors as well as the various ways by which these factors are perceived through Pearson correlation analysis. Six roads were identified as case studies from which information about how the users perceived risk was obtained mainly by administering questionnaires. The responses to the 23 questions which were developed based on the risk factors were analyzed statistically to obtain their relationships in terms of their correlation coefficients and R-squared values. The most dominant risk factors with respect to the roads considered as case studies were identified and the relationships between them were determined. The results showed that the most correlated risk factors are "drinking and driving (DAD)", "using a mobile phone (hands free) and driving (UMP(hf)AD)", "taking medicine and driving (TMAD)" and "using a mobile phone (hands free) and driving (UMP(hf)AD)" with Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.9772 and R-squared value of 0.9549.
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Starc, A., M. Perat, B. Poljšak, and R. Dahmane. "Female Sexual Function and Dysfunction: National Prevalence Study in Slovenia." Klinička psihologija 9, no. 1 (June 13, 2016): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.21465/2016-kp-op-0040.
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Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of female sexual function/dysfunction in Slovenia. The study began in June 2015 and was completed in December 2015. Design and Method: In relation to the national prevalence study, we received a letter of permission from the Republic of Slovenia National Medical Ethical Committee – NMEC. The validated questionnaire was used. All participants completed self-report measures that assessed demographic variables and six major dimensions of female sexual function (desire, subjective arousal, lubrication, orgasm, satisfaction, and pain) as experienced over the past four weeks. The 19 multiple-choice items are answered on a 5- or 6-Likert scale. Domain scores are calculated by summing the responses for the items on each domain, then scaling this total with a multiplier that constrains all domains to the same range. We used the following statistical analysis: demographic analysis, Pearson Correlation Coefficient and t-test. The sample included 632 respondents. Results: The Pearson correlation coefficient (PCC) is a measure of the strength of a linear association between two variables. Based on PCC we detected strong linear associations between arousal and lubrication (r = 0.885), lubrication and pain (r = 0.864), orgasm and arousal (r = 0.862), satisfaction and orgasm (r = 0.788), pain and arousal (r = 0.778), desire and arousal (r = 0.598). Conclusions: Based on schematic representation of Pearson correlations we could conclude that arousal play an important role within foreplay and consequently in sexual intercourse. Subsequently, an interesting finding is that the claim orgasm is not correlated to desire and vice versa.
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Malahayati, Sutikno, and Adam Sugiarto. "Pengaruh Kompetensi Profesional Guru Dan Penggunaa Metode Ummi Terhadap Kemampuan Membaca Al-Qur’an Siwaa." An Naba 3, no. 2 (December 21, 2020): 150–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.51614/annaba.v3i2.64.
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The ability to read the Koran is still a serious problem in society, as well as what happens to students, there are many factors that can affect a person's ability to read the Qur'an. Among these factors is the existence of a competent teacher. professional and learning methods that can facilitate students in learning to read the Koran. This type of research used by researchers in this study is quantitative research with multiple regression analysis techniques. The research site is at SDI Child Friendly Depok-West Java. Based on the research results obtained information that; 1) the teacher professional competence variable has a positive and significant effect on students' reading ability of the Al-Qur'an with the Pearson correlation (ry1) correlation coefficient of 0.701. The magnitude of the influence is indicated by the coefficient of determination R2 (R square) = 0.491, which means that the effect of professional competence on students' reading ability of the Al-Qur'an is 49.1% and the remaining 50.1% is determined by other factors. 2) the variable using the Ummi method has a positive and very significant effect on students' reading ability of the Qur'an with the Pearson correlation (ry2) correlation coefficient of 0.795. The magnitude of the influence is indicated by the coefficient of determination R2 (R square) = 0.633, which means that the effect of using the Ummi method on students' reading ability of the Al-Qur'an is 63.3% and the remaining 36.7% is determined by other factors. 3) the variable teacher professional competence and the variable using the ummi method together have a positive and very significant effect on students' reading ability of the Al-Qur'an with the Pearson correlation correlation coefficient (ry1.2) is 0.829. The magnitude of the influence is shown by the coefficient of determination R2 (R square) = 0.688, which means that the effect of the professional competence of teachers and the use of the Ummi method together on students' reading ability of the Koran is 68.8% and the rest is 31.2%. determined by other factors..
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Sarza, Sergio, Edzelle Naquila, Nellen Yadao, and Angelique Baricuatro. "Correlation of Selected Kayak Pro Parameters In-land and In-boat." International Journal of Sport, Exercise and Health Research 5, no. 1 (May 30, 2021): 14–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.31254/sportmed.5104.
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There is no adequate research on the validity of rowing ergometers in measuring paddling performance of Paradragon Boat paddlers. This study then aimed to determine the validity of a specific rowing ergometer in measuring paddling performance. This study used a prospective correlational research design. The study was conducted in a sea channel and a university gym. Ten paddlers in a non-profit organization paddled on a rowing ergometer and in-boat on actual seawater. The time duration, number of strokes, and speed of each subject per 200 m, 500 m, and 2000 m were recorded. Pearson Correlation Coefficient was used to determine the correlational relationship between paddling parameters in-land and in-boat. Validity coefficients showed strong positive relationship between ergometer and inboat performance in all assessed technical parameters: time (200 m: r = 0.89; 500 m: r = 0.90; 2000 m: r = 0.84), number of strokes (200 m: r = 0.88; 500 m: r = 0.91; 2000 m: r = 0.82), and speed (200 m: r = 0.87; 500 m: r = 0.89; 2000 m: r = 0.82). Therefore, the rowing ergometer is a valid tool in assessing paddling performance of Paradragon boat paddlers.
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Chovatiya, Nandani K., Hardi S. Chaudhary, and Nisha S. Kanabar. "Correlation of smartphone addiction with musculoskeletal discomfort and neck disability among college students." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 8, no. 9 (August 27, 2021): 4357. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20213536.
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Background: The nearly universal availability of smartphones in present cultures has resulted in smartphone addiction. The main purpose of the study was to assess risk of musculoskeletal discomfort and neck disability among college students who are smartphone addicted and assumes faulty posture with prolong smartphone use.Methods: The study examined 100 healthy students of a college in Ahmedabad and Gandhinagar by random sampling based on self-administered questionnaires that consist of Smartphone addiction scale (SAS), Cornell musculoskeletal discomfort questionnaire (CMDQ), Neck disability index (NDI) in the age group of 18-25 years. Pearson correlation coefficient was used to correlate between SAS and CMDQ, and SAS and NDI.Results: There was a predominance of females over males (females- 78, males- 22). Mean±SD of SAS, NDI and CMDQ was 92.74±21.33. 8.6±9.56 and 88±14.84 (CMDQ frequency), 30.5±7.77 (CMDQ discomfort), 27±4.24 (CMDQ interference) respectively. Pearson correlation coefficient showed a significant moderate positive correlation between SAS and NDI (r=0.44) and it showed a significant moderate positive correlation between both SAS and CMDQ (frequency) (r=0.50) and SAS and CMDQ (discomfort) (r=0.40), while it showed weak correlation between SAS and CMDQ (interference) (r=0.38). Conclusions: The study indicated that there was a moderate positive correlation between neck disability and Smartphone addiction, while there was mild to moderate correlation between musculoskeletal disorders and smartphone addiction.
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Wang, Luman, Qiaochu Mo, and Jianxin Wang. "MIrExpress: A Database for Gene Coexpression Correlation in Immune Cells Based on Mutual Information and Pearson Correlation." Journal of Immunology Research 2015 (2015): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/140819.
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Most current gene coexpression databases support the analysis for linear correlation of gene pairs, but not nonlinear correlation of them, which hinders precisely evaluating the gene-gene coexpression strengths. Here, we report a new database, MIrExpress, which takes advantage of the information theory, as well as the Pearson linear correlation method, to measure the linear correlation, nonlinear correlation, and their hybrid of cell-specific gene coexpressions in immune cells. For a given gene pair or probe set pair input by web users, both mutual information (MI) and Pearson correlation coefficient (r) are calculated, and several corresponding values are reported to reflect their coexpression correlation nature, including MI andrvalues, their respective rank orderings, their rank comparison, and their hybrid correlation value. Furthermore, for a given gene, the top 10 most relevant genes to it are displayed with the MI,r, or their hybrid perspective, respectively. Currently, the database totally includes 16 human cell groups, involving 20,283 human genes. The expression data and the calculated correlation results from the database are interactively accessible on the web page and can be implemented for other related applications and researches.
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Magnello, M. Eileen. "Karl Pearson's Gresham lectures: W. F. R. Weldon, speciation and the origins of Pearsonian statistics." British Journal for the History of Science 29, no. 1 (March 1996): 43–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007087400033859.
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The scientific legacy of Karl Pearson and his role as one of the principal architects of the modern theory of mathematical statistics, has generated enough interest to have created an intellectual enterprise on various aspects of his life and work. Despite this interest, Pearson's earliest and most formative statistical work which he delivered in thirty of his thirty-eight Gresham lectures from 17 November 1891 to 11 May 1894 has, to date, been given very little consideration. Pearson is perhaps, best known to historians of science for his first eight Gresham lectures, delivered in London in February and May, 1891, on ‘The Scope and Method of Modern Science’, as these lectures were published with modification in the Grammar of Science in 1892. The only discussions which have emerged from some of the other thirty lectures have come from Egon Pearson and Steve Stigler. As the great bulk of these lectures have not been fully utilized, previous attempts to identify the impetus to his statistical work have been derived either from his teaching of correlation at University College London in 1895–96 or from his third statistical paper which, in part, addresses Francis Galton's work on simple correlation and simple regression. In spite of the emphasis on Galton's work on simple correlation and regression, little attention has been given to Pearson's more innovative work in that paper, which includes his development of the following statistical methods: multiple correlation, multiple regression, the standard error of estimate, the coefficient of variation and the use of determinantal matrix algebra for biometrical methods. This use of a higher form of algebra not only provided a most striking departure from earlier forms and uses of statistics, but it led to an increasing specialization in the emerging discipline of ‘mathematical statistics’.
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Hogg, LH, MB Bobek, LC Mion, BM Legere, S. Banjac, K. VanKerkhove, and AC Arroliga. "Interrater reliability of 2 sedation scales in a medical intensive care unit: a preliminary report." American Journal of Critical Care 10, no. 2 (March 1, 2001): 79–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4037/ajcc2001.10.2.79.
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BACKGROUND: Critical care nurses must assess the effectiveness of sedatives and analgesic agents in order to titrate doses. OBJECTIVES: To measure the interrater reliability of 2 sedation scales used to assess patients in medical intensive care units. METHODS: The interrater reliabilities of the Motor Activity Assessment Scale and the Luer sedation scale were compared prospectively in 31 patients receiving mechanical ventilation in an 18-bed medical intensive care unit of a tertiary care institution. Three registered nurses, 1 clinical pharmacist, and 1 physician simultaneously and independently followed a standardized procedure to rate each patient by using the 2 scales. Scales were randomly ordered to counteract ordering effect. Analysis of variance with post hoc Duncan multiple range tests was used to detect bias; a correlation coefficient matrix was used to examine degree of association among raters; and the intraclass correlation coefficient was measured to control for multiple raters. RESULTS: No significant bias was detected with either scale. The Motor Activity Assessment Scale had less variation (Pearson r = 0.75-0.92) than did the Luer scale (Pearson r = 0.37-0.94) and had a stronger intraclass correlation coefficient (0.81 vs 0.79). CONCLUSIONS: The Motor Activity Assessment Scale showed the highest consistency among raters.
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Smith, Kevin M., Simon Geletta, and Austin McArdle. "The Use of Rubrics in the Clinical Evaluation of Podiatric Medical Students." Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association 106, no. 1 (January 1, 2016): 60–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.7547/14-038.
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Background: We assessed the differences in podiatric medical students' clinical professionalism objective scores (CPOSs) by comparing a previous nonrubric evaluation tool with a more recently implemented objective-centered rubric evaluation tool. This type of study has never been performed or reported on in the podiatric medical education literature.Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 89 third-year podiatric medical students between academic years 2010-2011 and 2011-2012. A Pearson correlation coefficient analysis was performed to compare CPOSs from the students' first (CPOS1) and second (CPOS2) rotations. A correlation analysis was performed comparing students' grade point averages (GPAs) with each of the individual CPOSs to verify the validity of the rubric evaluation tool.Results: The Pearson correlation coefficients for the relationship between 2012 CPOS1 and CPOS2 and GPA were r = 0.233 (P ≤ .093) and r = 0.290 (P < .035) and for the relationship between 2013 CPOS1 and CPOS2 and GPA were r = 0.525 (P = .001) and r = 0.730 (P < .001).Conclusions: These findings suggest that the use of a rubric in the evaluation of podiatric medical students' CPOSs is correlated with their GPAs, and CPOS2 demonstrated a higher correlation than CPOS1. We believe that implementation of the rubric evaluation tool has increased the accuracy of the evaluation of podiatric medical students with respect to CPOSs.
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Jun, Hyo Sub, Ji Hee Kim, Jun Hyong Ahn, In Bok Chang, Joon Ho Song, Tae Hwan Kim, Moon Soo Park, et al. "The Effect of Lumbar Spinal Muscle on Spinal Sagittal Alignment." Neurosurgery 79, no. 6 (May 27, 2016): 847–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1227/neu.0000000000001269.
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Abstract BACKGROUND: The majority of earlier studies of the parameters of sagittal balance did not consider the influence of spinal muscles on spinal sagittal alignment. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the relationship between the paraspinal muscle (quantity and quality) and sagittal alignment in elderly patients. METHODS: We reviewed 50 full-spine lateral standing radiographs and lumbar magnetic resonance images of elderly patients at a single center. The radiographic parameters examined were thoracic kyphosis, lumbar lordosis (LL), sagittal vertical axis, pelvic tilt, sacral slope, and pelvic incidence (PI). The lumbar muscularity (LM; quantity) and fatty degeneration ratio (FD; quality) in the paraspinal muscle were measured at the L3 level on magnetic resonance images. The relationships between the parameters, LM, and FD were analyzed with the Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple linear regression. RESULTS: Pearson analysis demonstrated that the FD had significant correlations with age (r = 0.393), thoracic kyphosis (r = −0.559), pelvic tilt (r = 0.430), sagittal vertical axis (r = 0.488), and PI − LL (r = 0.479, P < .05), and a close negative correlation was found between the FD and LL (r = −0.505, P < .01). The LM had significant correlations with the LL (r = 0.342) and PI − LL (r = −0.283, P < .05). Regression models that controlled for confounding factors such as body mass index confirmed the correlations between the above parameters and FD (P < .05). CONCLUSION: The quality of the paraspinal muscle could be one of the various factors that influence sagittal balance.
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Kabadayi, Fedai, and Serkan V. Sari. "What is the Role of Resilience in Predicting Cyber Bullying Perpetrators and Their Victims?" Journal of Psychologists and Counsellors in Schools 28, no. 1 (January 30, 2018): 102–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jgc.2017.20.
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This study examined the role of resilience in the lives of cyberbullying perpetrators and their victims. Turkish adolescents (n = 444; 245 girls, 55.2%, and 199 boys, 44.8%) 15–19 years of age (mean age of 16.58 years, SD = 0.789) were recruited from different high schools. The participants completed the Cyberbullying Scale (Arıcak, Kınay, & Tanrıkulu, 2012), the Cybervictimisation Scale (Arıcak, Tanrıkulu, & Kınay, 2012), and the Child and Youth Resilience Measure (Arslan, 2015). The data were analysed using Pearson's correlation coefficient and simple regression. The Pearson correlations revealed that there were negative and significant correlations between cyberbullying perpetration and resilience (r = −.146, p < .01). There were negative and significant correlations between cybervictimisation and resilience (r = −0.203, p < 0.01). Simple regression also revealed that resilience was a significant individual predictor for both cyberbullying perpetration (β = −0.146, t = −3.094, p < .001) and cyber victimisation (β = −0.203, t = −4.357, p < .001).
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Krause., B. Andrew, J. Ty Hopkins, Christopher D. Ingersoll, Mitchell L. Cordova, and Jeffrey E. Edwards. "The Relationship of Ankle Temperature during Cooling and Rewarming to the Human Soleus H Reflex." Journal of Sport Rehabilitation 9, no. 3 (August 2000): 253–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsr.9.3.253.
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Objective:Correlate skin temperature and motoneuron-pool recruitment during cooling and rewarming.Design:Within-subjects, correlational analysis. H reflex was correlated to ankle-skin temperature over time using a Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient and a coefficient of determination (R2).Subjects:Ten healthy, physically active college students.Measurements:Soleus H reflex and ankle-skin interface temperature were measured during ice application and rewarming. Electrical stimulation was delivered to produce 75% of each subject's maximum H reflex.Results:Ankle cooling (r = −.95, P < .05) exhibited a strong inverse relationship with soleus H reflex. A positive correlation was observed between rewarming (r = .74, P < .05) and soleus H reflex.Conclusions:Temperature accounts for nearly 90% (R2 = .90) of the variability in the soleus H reflex during cooling and 55% (R2 = .55) during rewarming, suggesting that more motoneurons are recruited as temperature decreases. These interactions appear to involve both local and central nervous system functions.
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Chatzipantsiou, Christina, Marios Dimitriadis, Manos Papadakis, and Michail Tsagris. "JMASM 52: Extremely Efficient Permutation and Bootstrap Hypothesis Tests Using R." Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods 18, no. 2 (July 17, 2020): 2–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.22237/jmasm/1604189940.
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Re-sampling based statistical tests are known to be computationally heavy, but reliable when small sample sizes are available. Despite their nice theoretical properties not much effort has been put to make them efficient. Computationally efficient method for calculating permutation-based p-values for the Pearson correlation coefficient and two independent samples t-test are proposed. The method is general and can be applied to other similar two sample mean or two mean vectors cases.
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Asogwa, Chika Euphemia. "Computer-Mediated Advertising as a Correlate of Buying Behavior Among Youths From South-East Nigeria." SAGE Open 10, no. 3 (July 2020): 215824402093870. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2158244020938701.
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This study examined the correlation between exposure to computer-mediated adverts and the buying behavior of youths from Enugu State. The correlational survey was used for the study, while a sample of 385 was selected through a multistage sampling technique. In the analysis of the result, simple percentages were used to achieve the research objectives, while the Pearson correlation coefficient ( r) was used to test the hypotheses raised. The result showed a strong positive correlation between the engagement in computer-mediated communication (CMC) and exposure to computer-mediated adverts ( r = .815, n = 362, p < 005). The findings also showed a strong negative correlation between the format of computer-mediated advertising (CMA) and the duration of viewing ( r = −.241, n = 362). Finally, the researcher found a strong positive correlation between exposure to CMA and buying decision ( r = −.666, n = 362, p < 005). The researcher concludes that the level of engagement in CMA correlates exposure and eventual purchase likelihood. The researcher recommends, among others, that efforts aimed at reaching youths through CMC should also incorporate their level of engagement.
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Lau, Brian C., Melissa Scribani, Tally Lassiter, and Jocelyn Wittstein. "Correlation of Single Assessment Numerical Evaluation Score for Sport and Activities of Daily Living to Modified Harris Hip Score and Hip Outcome Score in Patients Undergoing Arthroscopic Hip Surgery." American Journal of Sports Medicine 47, no. 11 (July 26, 2019): 2646–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0363546519863411.
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Background: The Single Assessment Numerical Evaluation (SANE) is a single-question outcome score that has been shown to be a reliable measure of outcomes for shoulder and knee injuries but has not been compared with other validated outcome scores in hip pathology managed arthroscopically. Purpose: To correlate SANE Activities of Daily Living (ADL) and Sport subscales with the modified Harris Hip Score (mHHS) and Hip Outcome Score (HOS) ADL and Sport subscales before and after arthroscopic hip surgery. Study Design: Cohort study (diagnosis); Level of evidence, 3. Methods: A retrospective review of a prospectively filled database of patients undergoing arthroscopic hip surgery by a single surgeon was conducted. Inclusion criteria included patients scheduled for arthroscopic hip surgery for femoroacetabular impingement, labral tear, or gluteus medius tear. Exclusion criteria included previous surgery to the hip. Outcome scores, including the mHHS, HOS ADL and Sport, and SANE ADL and Sport, were measured preoperatively and postoperatively at 3 months, 1 year, and then annually. Pearson correlation coefficients between preoperative SANE ADL and Sport and the mHHS, HOS ADL, and HOS Sport were calculated. Pearson correlation coefficients between postoperative SANE ADL and Sport and the mHHS, HOS ADL, and HOS Sport were also calculated. Results: Eighty-five patients (mean age, 37.9 years; range, 14-66 years; 57 females, 28 males) underwent arthroscopic hip surgery for assorted pathology. Mean follow-up was 8 months (range, 3-64 months). Based on the Pearson correlation coefficient, preoperative SANE ADL and Sport had a moderate correlation with the mHHS ( r = 0.66; 95% CI, 0.47-0.79; P < .0001; r = 0.54; 95% CI, 0.31-0.71; P < .0001, respectively). Preoperative SANE ADL and Sport had a moderate correlation with HOS ADL ( r = 0.60; 95% CI, 0.39-0.75; P < .0001) and HOS Sport ( r = 0.65; 95% CI, 0.45-0.79; P < .0001). Postoperative SANE ADL and Sport had a strong correlation with the mHHS ( r = 0.69; 95% CI, 0.50-0.82; P < .0001; r = 0.78; 95% CI, 0.61-0.88; P < .0001). Postoperative SANE ADL and Sport had a strong correlation with HOS ADL ( r = 0.79; 95% CI, 0.65-0.88; P < .0001) and HOS Sport ( r = 0.88; 95% CI, 0.78-0.94; P < .0001). Conclusion: This study showed a significant correlation between SANE and mHHS in patients undergoing arthroscopic hip surgery both pre- and postoperatively. SANE ADL and Sport had a strong correlation with HOS ADL and Sport preoperatively and short-term postoperatively. SANE scores are more highly correlated with traditional subjective outcome measures during the short-term postoperative period than they are preoperatively. The SANE score provides an efficient method of assessing outcomes after hip arthroscopy.
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Al-Khateeb, Susan N., Emad F. Al Maaitah, Elham S. Abu Alhaija, and Serene A. Badran. "Mandibular symphysis morphology and dimensions in different anteroposterior jaw relationships." Angle Orthodontist 84, no. 2 (August 5, 2013): 304–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.2319/030513-185.1.
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ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the morphology and dimensions of mandibular symphysis (MS) in different anteroposterior jaw relationships and to investigate whether craniofacial parameters have any correlation with its shape and/or dimensions. Materials and Methods: Lateral cephalograms of subjects with Class I, Class II, and Class III skeletal relationships were traced. Several craniofacial and MS parameters were measured. MS parameters were compared between the three groups using analysis of variance and were correlated with the craniofacial parameters using the Pearson correlation coefficient. Results: Larger angle of concavity of the chin, more inclination of the alveolar bone toward the mandibular plane, and larger MS dimensions and area (P < .001) were found with a Class III skeletal relationship compared to Class I and Class II relationships. The Pearson correlation coefficient between Id-Me and AFH was r = 0.83 and between Id-Me and LAFH it was r = 0.81. Conclusions: The dimensions and configuration of MS in the Class III relationship were different than those in Class I and Class II relationships; the alveolar part of MS compensated for the skeletal relationship in the Class III pattern. MS dimensions were strongly correlated to anterior facial dimensions.
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Karim, Achmad, and Muhammad Hasbillah. "Analisis Komponen Fisik Terhadap Kemampuan Menggiring Bola Permainan Sepakbola Sma Negeri 11 Makassar." Gelora : Jurnal Pendidikan Olahraga dan Kesehatan IKIP Mataram 8, no. 1 (September 22, 2021): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.33394/gjpok.v8i1.4191.
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This research is a descriptive study using a correlational research design. The population is all students of SMA Negeri 11 Makassar. The sample used was 30 students. The sampling technique was simple random sampling. The data analysis technique used is descriptive analysis, pearson product moment correlation coefficient analysis (r), and the results of multiple correlation analysis (R) at the significant level α = 0.05. The results showed that; (1) There is a significant relationship between ankle coordination and dribbling ability in soccer game for student of SMA Negeri 11 Makassar, with a value of r = 0,561 (ρ<α = 0.05); (2) There is a significant relationship between balance and dribbling ability in soccer game for student of SMA Negeri 11 Makassar, with a value of r = 0,603 (ρ<α = 0.05); (3) There is a significant relationship between leg muscle strenght and dribbling ability in soccer game for student of SMA Negeri 11 Makassar, with a value of r = 0,728 (ρ<α = 0.05); (4) There is a significant relationship simultaneously between ankle coordination, balance, leg muscle strenght and dribbling ability in soccer game for student of SMA Negeri 11 Makassar, with a determinant coefficient value (R2) = 0,733 or 73,3%.
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Elwell, Rowland J., George R. Bailie, and Harold J. Manley. "Correlation of Intraperitoneal Antibiotic Pharmacokinetics and Peritoneal Membrane Transport Characteristics." Peritoneal Dialysis International: Journal of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis 20, no. 6 (November 2000): 694–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/089686080002000619.
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Objective To identify correlations between the pharmacokinetic variables that describe drug disposition in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients and the measures used to assess dialysis adequacy. Design and Methods This retrospective study re-evaluated data collected during previous pharmacokinetic studies for intraperitoneally administered cefazolin, ceftazidime, and gentamicin in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients, and intravenous cefazolin and tobramycin in automated PD patients. Pharmacokinetic variables were compared to creatinine clearance (CCr), Kt/V, and peritoneal equilibration test data using the Pearson product correlation coefficient ( r). Results Prominent correlations were found between renal CCr and renal Kt/V, with renal clearances of CAPD cefazolin and ceftazidime, and automated PD tobramycin and cefazolin ( r values ranged from 0.698 to 0.986; p < 0.05). Conclusion These findings support current peritonitis treatment recommendations that patients with residual renal function may require higher doses or more frequent drug administration.
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Wang, Yu, Jiantao Wang, Haiping Wang, Xinyu Yang, Liming Chang, and Qi Li. "Comparison of Mammography and Ultrasonography for Tumor Size of DCIS of Breast Cancer." Current Medical Imaging Formerly Current Medical Imaging Reviews 15, no. 2 (January 10, 2019): 209–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573405614666180131163321.
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Objective: Accurate assessment of breast tumor size preoperatively is important for the initial decision-making in surgical approach. Therefore, we aimed to compare efficacy of mammography and ultrasonography in ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) of breast cancer. Methods: Preoperative mammography and ultrasonography were performed on 104 women with DCIS of breast cancer. We compared the accuracy of each of the imaging modalities with pathological size by Pearson correlation. For each modality, it was considered concordant if the difference between imaging assessment and pathological measurement is less than 0.5cm. Results: At pathological examination tumor size ranged from 0.4cm to 7.2cm in largest diameter. For mammographically determined size versus pathological size, correlation coefficient of r was 0.786 and for ultrasonography it was 0.651. Grouped by breast composition, in almost entirely fatty and scattered areas of fibroglandular dense breast, correlation coefficient of r was 0.790 for mammography and 0.678 for ultrasonography; in heterogeneously dense and extremely dense breast, correlation coefficient of r was 0.770 for mammography and 0.548 for ultrasonography. In microcalcification positive group, coeffient of r was 0.772 for mammography and 0.570 for ultrasonography. In microcalcification negative group, coeffient of r was 0.806 for mammography and 0.783 for ultrasonography. Conclusion: Mammography was more accurate than ultrasonography in measuring the largest cancer diameter in DCIS of breast cancer. The correlation coefficient improved in the group of almost entirely fatty/ scattered areas of fibroglandular dense breast or in microcalcification negative group.
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Loturco, Irineu, Lucas Pereira, Ronaldo Kobal, Cesar Cal Abad, Victor Fernandes, Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo, and Timothy Suchomel. "Portable Force Plates: A Viable and Practical Alternative to Rapidly and Accurately Monitor Elite Sprint Performance." Sports 6, no. 3 (July 12, 2018): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sports6030061.
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This study aimed to examine the associations between a series of mechanical variables automatically generated by a portable force plate (PFP) and the actual performance of professional sprinters over a 150 m course. To test these correlations, 12 top-level sprinters performed vertical jumps (squat and countermovement jumps; SJ and CMJ, respectively), a 60 m sprint test, and a 150 m sprint test. Pearson product-moment coefficient of correlation and multiple regression analyses were used to determine the relationships between the sprinting velocities and vertical jump outputs. The SJ parameters were moderately to near perfectly associated with the different sprint distances, and the SJ height presented the highest correlation scores (r = 0.90 with velocities over 10- and 20-m). The correlation coefficients between the CMJ outcomes and sprint results varied between moderate and very large (from 0.38 to 0.88). Finally, the coefficients of determination (R2) ranged from 0.71 to 0.85 for the different multiple regressions involving PFP automatic measures. The PFP can provide practitioners with quick and accurate information regarding competitive athletes. Due to the strong correlations observed, coaches are encouraged to frequently adjust and tailor the training strategies of their sprinters, using practical and timesaving PFP measurements.
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Dr. Nitin Bhalerao. "To Study the Correlation Between the Height & the Quadruple Semitendinosus Graft Diameters." VIMS Health Science Journal 7, no. 1 (March 6, 2020): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.46858/vimshsj.7101.
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Background: Diameter of hamstring graft is variable. Premature tendon amputation occurs because of inability to identify and release all accessory bands. Preoperative prediction of hamstring graft size, number and distance of accessory bands is useful for surgeon. Methodology: This is cross-sectional study included 60 patients. Correlation coefficient (Pearson’s r) was used. T-test was used to compare the variables in both genders. Result: There were correlations between the mean semitendinosus tendon diameters- femoral side (FD) and tibial side (TB) with height of patient (Pearson correlation for FD =0.442 and P< 0.001) (Pearson correlation for TD =0.663 and P< 0.001). For the semitendinosus tendons, the mean number of accessory bands was 1.48. The average distance of the most distal band (D1) to the tibial crest insertion was 6.7 ± 2.04 cm (range 3- 11 cm). In our study, distance of most proximal band to the tibial crest insertion was 11.5 cm (mean 8.5 cm). Conclusion: In our study, positive correlation between the height and the quadruple semitendinosus graft diameters was present. Semitendinosus graft diameters were more in males as compare to females. Third accessory band was present only in males (n=4) in our study. As height of patient increases, distance of distal band (D1) increases from tibial crest. There was inverse correlation between number of accessory bands and distance of the most distal band (D1) insertion. As number of bands less, the more is distance of proximal band from tibial crest.
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Young, Thomas J., and Laurence A. French. "Taxable Wealth and Alcoholic Beverage Consumption in the United States." Psychological Reports 74, no. 3 (June 1994): 813–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1994.74.3.813.
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Analysis of secondary data of the United States yielded significant but small Pearson correlation coefficients between taxable wealth and per capita consumption of wine ( r = .26), beer ( r = .40), and distilled spirits ( r = .30).
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Ghofur, Abdul, and Siti Hafsah Budi Argiati. "HUBUNGAN RELIGIUSITAS TERHADAP AGRESIVITAS REMAJA DI MADRASAH ALIYAH ASSALAAM TEMANGGUNG." JURNAL SPIRITS 3, no. 1 (April 15, 2017): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.30738/spirits.v3i1.1124.
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ABSTRACTThe aim of this study was finding the relationship between religiosity and adolescent aggressiveness at Madrasah Aliyah Assalaam Temanggung. The instruments are the religiosity scale and aggressiveness scale. Data was collected from 100 adolescence subjects ages 16-18 years, sitting in class X and XI MA Assalaam. Data analysis techniques used Pearson Product Moment Correlation (2-tailed). The result showed that the correlation coefficients obtained for (r) = -0.468 with a significance level of 0.000 (p <0.01). The conclusion, there is a negative significant relationship between religiosity to adolescent aggressiveness. The negative coefficient showed correlation to the both variables was negative. This means that increasing religious level can make decreasing aggression level, and converse, decreasing religious level can make increasing aggression level. Thus, the hypothesis in this study is acceptable. Keywords: religiosity, aggressiveness, adolescence
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Peric, R., and Z. Nikolovski. "Can metabolic thresholds be used as exercise intensity markers in adult men with obesity – fat burn points used as an exercise marker." Comparative Exercise Physiology 16, no. 2 (February 10, 2020): 113–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/cep190035.
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We aimed to determine the exercise intensity eliciting the highest (FATmax) and the lowest (FATmin) fat oxidation rate in sedentary men with obesity and to examine if these intensities correlate with their individual aerobic (AeT) and anaerobic (AnT) thresholds, respectively. Nineteen obese males performed breath-by-breath analysis to assess maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) and to calculate their fat oxidation rate. Pearson correlation coefficient (r), coefficient of determination (R2) and paired t-test were used to evaluate VO2 at AeT and at FATmax and VO2 at AnT and at FATmin, respectively. FATmax and AeT occurred at 42.80±2.68% of VO2max and 43.02±2.73% of VO2max, while FATmin and AnT occurred at 53.40±3.65% of VO2max and 53.38±3.65% of VO2max, respectively. A high correlations were found between intensities matching FATmax and AeT (r=0.86, P<0.01) and those at FATmin and at AnT (r=0.99, P<0.01). The existing correlations suggest that metabolic thresholds may be used as exercise intensity markers assuring more tailored exercise approach in men with obesity.
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Dugin, Stanislav, Oksana Sybirtseva, Stanislav Golubov, and Yelizaveta Dorofey. "Verification of multispectral data processing for the Sentinel-2A bands, field ASD FieldSpec® 3FR and UAV with the DJI STS-VIS." Ukrainian journal of remote sensing, no. 21 (July 15, 2019): 29–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.36023/ujrs.2019.21.147.
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The study of plant cover have been performed by the hyperspectral remote sensing method using ASD FieldSpec® 3FR and DJI STS-VIS measurements. The orthophotoplans are compiled for the test plots of interest at the spatial resolution of 2.5 cm. The substantial correlation for the results of terrestrial verification for the satellite image data in the range of Sentinel-2A bands are confirmed. 15 vegetation indices for the Sentinel-2А wavelength bands were drawn at the Pearson correlation coefficient r > 0.97, with a maximum value of the correlation error of 0.07.
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Nasution, Sri minda. "Online learning and students' mo A research study on the effect of online learning and students' motivation in IAIN Padangsidimpuan." Asian Social Science and Humanities Research Journal (ASHREJ) 2, no. 2 (October 1, 2020): 09–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.37698/ashrej.v2i2.31.
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An investigation was carried out to determine the strength of the relationship between online-learning and students’ motivation among the students who participated in this research. The objective of the research is to know whether online learning can increase the students’ motivation or not This research was conducted in State Institute for Islamic Studies Padangsidimpuan in which 100 students took part as the samples of the research. The samples of this research were the students in Intensive Language Program IAIN Padangsidimpuan. Questionnaire was applied to access the data from the students participating in this process. The data was stattistically computed by using Pearson’s correlation coefficient. The findings of this research proved that online-learning and students’ motivation have a weak correlation. Using Pearson Correlation Coefficient it was found that r=0.156 is lower than r table = 0.5. This internet-based learning poorly affected the students’ willingness to learn. The students were demotivated when they have to learn through online. As a matter of fact, motivation is the most essential element in influencing the students in learning virtually. This is happened because of several reasons including lack of technology skill, poor online learning designing, money and time consuming, and the inadequate internet access.
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Alahmari, Khalid A., S. Paul Silvian, Ravi Shankar Reddy, Venkata Nagaraj Kakaraparthi, Irshad Ahmad, and Mohammad Mahtab Alam. "Hand grip strength determination for healthy males in Saudi Arabia: A study of the relationship with age, body mass index, hand length and forearm circumference using a hand-held dynamometer." Journal of International Medical Research 45, no. 2 (February 23, 2017): 540–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0300060516688976.
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Objectives To determine whether age, body mass index (BMI), hand length and forearm circumference were predictive of hand grip strength in healthy Saudi Arabian adult males. Methods This cross-sectional descriptive study recruited healthy adult male volunteers. Their anthropometric characteristics including age, BMI, hand length and forearm circumference were measured using routine techniques. Hand grip strength was assessed using a Jamar® Hydraulic Hand Dynamometer. The data were analysed using Pearson correlation coefficient ( r) as well as by a stepwise multiple linear regression analysis. Results The study included 116 healthy males who satisfied the inclusion criteria. A Pearson correlation coefficient matrix demonstrated that all the four measures, age, BMI, hand length and forearm circumference, were significantly correlated with hand grip strength. Age had an inverse correlation with hand grip strength. The anthropometric measures of hand length, age and forearm circumference accounted for 44.2% (R2 0.442) of the variation of the hand grip strength. Conclusion Hand length, age and forearm circumference significantly impacted on hand grip strength in Saudi Arabian healthy adult males.
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Gonçalves, Michel Moraes, Claudio Joaquim Borba-Pinheiro, Runer Augusto Marson, Lucas Rodrigues Camposo, Alam Dos Reis Saraiva, and Jefferson Da Silva Novaes. "Correlation between maximum isometric strength variables and specific performance of Brazilian military judokas." Motricidade 13, no. 1 (June 3, 2017): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.6063/motricidade.10245.
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It was our objective to correlate specific performance in the Special Judo Fitness Test (SJFT) and the maximum isometric handgrip (HGSMax), scapular traction (STSMax) and lumbar traction (LTSMax) strength tests in military judo athletes. Twenty-two military athletes from the judo team of the Brazilian Navy Almirante Alexandrino Instruction Centre, with average age of 26.14 ± 3.31 years old, and average body mass of 83.23 ± 14.14 kg participated in the study. Electronic dynamometry tests for HGSMax, STSMax and LTSMax were conducted. Then, after approximately 1 hour-interval, the SJFT protocol was applied. All variables were adjusted to the body mass of the athletes. Pearson correlation coefficient for statistical analysis was used. The results showed moderate negative correlation between the SJFT index and STSMax (r= -0.550, p= 0.008), strong negative correlations between the SJFT index and HGSMax (r= -0.706, p< 0.001), SJFT index and LTSMax (r= -0.721; p= 0.001), besides the correlation between the sum of the three maximum isometric strength tests and the SJFT index (r= -0.786, p< 0.001). This study concludes that negative correlations occur between the SJFT index and maximum isometric handgrip, shoulder and lumbar traction strength and the sum of the three maximum isometric strength tests in military judokas.
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Li, Yijiang, Han Bai, Danju Huang, Feihu Chen, and Yaoxiong Xia. "Evaluation of Auto-Planning for Left-Side Breast Cancer After Breast-Conserving Surgery Based on Geometrical Relationship." Technology in Cancer Research & Treatment 20 (January 1, 2021): 153303382110330. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15330338211033050.
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Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate (1) the performance of the Auto-Planning module embedded in the Pinnacle treatment planning system (TPS) with 30 left-side breast cancer plans and (2) the dose-distance correlations between dose-based patients and overlap volume histogram-based (OVH) patients. Method: A total of 30 patients with left-side breast cancer after breast-conserving surgery were enrolled in this study. The clinical manual-planning (MP) and the Auto-Planning (AP) plans were generated by Monaco and by the Auto-Planning module in Pinnacle respectively. The geometric information between organ at risk (OAR) and planning target volume (PTV) of each patient was described by the OVH. The AP and MP plans were ranked to compare with the geometry-based patients from OVH. The Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient (R) was used to describe the correlations between dose-based patients (APs and MPs) and geometry-based patients (OVH). Dosimetric differences between MP and AP plans were evaluated with statistical analysis. Result: The correlation coefficient (mean R = 0.71) indicated that the AP plans have a high correlation with geometry-based patients from OVH, whereas the correlation coefficient (mean R = 0.48) shows a weak correlation between MP plans and geometry-based patients. The dosimetric comparison revealed a statistically significant improvement in the ipsilateral lung V5Gy and V10Gy, and in the heart V5Gy of AP plans compared to MP plans, while statistical reduction was seen in PTV V107% for MP plans compared to AP plans. Conclusion: The overall results of AP plans were superior to MP plans. The dose distribution in AP plans was more consistent with the distance-dose relationship described by OVH. After eliminating the interference of human factors, the AP was able to provide more stable and objective plans for radiotherapy patients.
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Ruksakulpiwat, Suebsarn, Wendie Zhou, Chantira Chiaranai, and Jane E. Vonck. "Human Travelling and COVID-19 Pandemic." Siriraj Medical Journal 73, no. 9 (September 1, 2021): 562–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.33192/smj.2021.73.
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Objective: To determine whether there is a relationship between the extent of human travel and the number of COVID-19 cases in Thailand. Materials and Methods: The data set on monthly COVID-19 in Thailand between January and July 2020 were retrieved from the Ministry of Public Health, Thailand. Data regarding people’s travel in Thailand during the COVID-19 pandemic and for the same period of 2019 were retrieved from Open Government Data of Thailand. A paired t-test was used to compare the differences between the number of journeys made in each mode of transport in 2019 (January - July) and 2020 (January - July). Pearson’s product-moment correlation coefficient was used to examine the relationships among studied variables. Results: A Paired Samples t-test showed that from January until July 2020, the number of journeys made by public buses, ships, and airplanes declined by more than 50% from the previous year (p < 0.05). Pearson correlation coefficients showed that the mean monthly number of COVID-19 cases was significantly and inversely correlated with the number of public bus journeys made (r = -0.897, p < 0.01), the number of train journeys (r = -0.834, p < 0.05), ship journeys (r = -0.890, p < 0.01), and airplane journeys (r = -0.911, p < 0.01). There was no significant relationship between the number of COVID-19 cases and private car journeys (r = -0.405, p = 0.367). Conclusion: During the pandemic, the number of journeys has been decreased. Moreover, the correlation between the number of journeys and COVID-19 cases has been shown in our analysis.
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Gnatenko, Dmitri V., Peter L. Perrotta, Chen Ji, Wei Zhu, and Wadie F. Bahou. "Platelet Gene/Protein Expression Analyses Using an Integrated Platform." Blood 110, no. 11 (November 16, 2007): 3645. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v110.11.3645.3645.
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Abstract Molecular profiling strategies generally apply either transcriptomic or proteomic technologies for dissection of aberrant expression patterns between normal and diseased samples. Although studies in yeast (S. cerevisiae) demonstrate excellent concordance between gene/protein abundance, the lack of integrated comparisons using human systems prompted us to stringently dissect these relationships in a cellular model system (platelets) devoid of active transcriptional activity. Highly-purified platelets from four healthy donors were pooled for proteomic analyses which were completed in duplicate using tryptic digestion of 100 mg cytoplasmic fractions, followed by cation exchange liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (μLC-MS/MS). Spectral (peptide) counts were used as a semi-quantitative means of establishing protein abundance among normalized MS data sets, with excellent concordance between platelet runs (Spearman rank correlation r = 0.87, p <0.0001). Microarray data derived from five platelet apheresis donors were hybridized to the Affymetrix HU133a gene chip, and relative transcript abundance established by rank-ordering the unique, normalized set of non-redundant mRNAs (N=1240). Two comprehensive bioinformatics approaches using either platelet-restricted or genome-wide relational databases were additive in identifying 690 unique platelet proteins, representing increase of 230% or 131% to either approach alone. Of the identified proteins, 72% had a corresponding mRNA transcript, although a smaller fraction of mRNAs (41%) had a corresponding protein. The calculated codon adaptation index (CAI) for the 156 highest- and the 156 lowest-expressed platelet transcripts predicted strong correlation to protein abundance. Spearman correlations on data rank-ordered by either protein or transcript abundance demonstrated a maximal correlation coefficient of 0.44 (p =0.034) for an 18-member protein subset (higher protein abundance), although the 20 most abundant platelet transcripts had an overall correlation that was considerably higher (r =0.84, p <0.0001). Thus, the most highly expressed platelet transcripts are powerful predictors for the corresponding protein abundance. More detailed gene/protein abundance comparisons were completed from a uniquely-created relational database containing quantitative profiles specifically linked to RefSeq accession numbers. While the range of molecular weights (5.1–280 kDa) and predicted tryptic fragments (9–326) for these gene/protein pairs were quite broad, there was a direct linear correlation using in silico mathematical models (Pearson correlation r =0.96, p <0.0001). Interestingly, both Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficients were low in the absence of tryptic correction, although they became statistically-significant after tryptic normalization (Pearson correlation r = 0.31, p = 0.019; Spearman correlation r = 0.27, p = 0.0014). In summary, these data establish that an integrated analytical platform incorporating both transcriptomic and proteomic databases considerably enhances efficiency of platelet protein detection, and when analyzed using highly-rigorous and novel methods that normalize for tryptic fragment number, there is significant correlation between gene/protein abundance, unrelated to ongoing transcriptional activity.
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Badaruddin, Muchammad. "Hubungan Antara Keaktifan Berorganisasi Dengan Tingkat Perilaku Prososial Mahasiswa Pengurus PMII UNNES Tahun 2020." JCOSE Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konseling 3, no. 2 (June 3, 2021): 78–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.24905/jcose.v3i2.75.
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Based on the phenomenon that exists in the PMII UNNES student organization, it was found that the prosocial behavior of the members of PMII UNNES was good, but some of the administrators had low level of prosocial behavior when it comes in the outside of the organization. This research aims to determine the relationship between organizational contribution with the level of prosocial behavior. The technique used to collect the data is jenuh sampling. 63 members of the PMII UNNES year 2020 were the sample of this study. The data was collected by doing a pre-test and post-test using the organizational contribution scale and the prosocial scale. This research used correlational quantitative method with the correlation formula of 'product moment' named Pearson Correlation proposed by Karl Pearson. The result showed that the correlation coefficient (r) = 0.512 and p = 0.915> 0.05, which indicates that there is a positive and significant relationship between organizational contribution and the level of prosocial behavior done by the members of PMII UNNES year 2020.
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Jiskrová, I., D. Misař, and S. Svobodová. "Comparison of the performance and precocity of winners of the most important european classic races." Czech Journal of Animal Science 49, No. 2 (December 12, 2011): 86–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/4284-cjas.
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Racing performance of winners of European classic races and of two-year-old horses was compared on the basis of two classic races: 1 600–1 609 m (one mile) and 2 100–2 414 m (derby). The horses included in our comparisons were winners of classic races held in England, France and Ireland in 1993–2002. The performance of the winners of classic races was based on the international classification of the performance of three-year-old horses (Classifications internationales) in kg and lb (rating) and used as the characteristics of performance. Comparisons of the correlations between the performance of winners of the most important classic races and their performance rating as two-year-olds were based on the results of 126 winners of 13 classic races. We calculated Pearson’s correlation. The correlation coefficients of all the groups concerned were low (r = 0.109–0.325). The correlation coefficient of racing performances was significant (P < 0.05) only in the classic mile mare race.
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RAVEN, ERIC E. J., DANIËL HAVERKAMP, INGER N. SIEREVELT, DOUWE O. van MONTFOORT, RUUD G. PÖLL, LEENDERT BLANKEVOORT, and PAUL P. TAK. "Construct Validity and Reliability of the Disability ofArm, Shoulder and Hand Questionnaire for Upper Extremity Complaints in Rheumatoid Arthritis." Journal of Rheumatology 35, no. 12 (December 2008): 2334–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3899/jrheum.080067.
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ObjectiveThe Disability of Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) questionnaire is a tool for measuring physical function and symptoms of the upper extremity. Although widely used, it is not validated for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In this study the DASH was validated for this patient group.MethodsIn total, 102 patients participated in this study. For the validation, the questionnaires of the DASH, the Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ), the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36 (SF-36), and the Arthritis Impact Measurement Scale (AIMS2) were used. Patients were examined clinically before completing the questionnaires. Pain was scored by each patient using a visual analog scale (VAS). The DiseaseActivity Score (DAS28) was obtained and grip strength was measured. Reliability was tested by a second DASH questionnaire after 2 days. Validity was tested using a Pearson correlation analysis for the relevant domains of the questionnaires and for the clinical aspects.ResultsThe reliability of the DASH was excellent (intraclass correlation coefficient 0.97). Internal consistency was strong (Cronbach’s alpha 0.97). Validity was proven with excellent results for Pearson correlation with the relevant domains of the questionnaires: HAQ, r = 0.88; SF-36, r = 0.70; and AIMS2, r = 0.85. The clinical scores had a relatively low correlation with the DASH (DAS28, r = 0.42; and grip strength, r = 0.41–0.48), except for the VAS (r = 0.60–0.65).ConclusionThe DASH is a reliable and valid questionnaire in patients with RA. It can be used as a measurement tool of physical disability of the upper extremity.
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Bimantara, Andrian. "Hubungan Antara Profesionalitas konselor dan Kepuasan siswa dalam Pelayanan Konseling di Sekolah." JCOSE Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konseling 3, no. 1 (March 24, 2021): 34–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.24905/jcose.v3i1.68.
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This research was motivated by the results of a short interview with Muhammadiyah Wonosobo high school students with 75% of the results stating that they were not satisfied with the counseling services at the school. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between the professionalism of the counselor and student satisfaction in counseling services. This research is a correlational study with 117 samples from 330 populations, which were obtained using purposive sampling. Data collection was obtained with a counselor professional scale questionnaire and a student satisfaction scale questionnaire. The scale validity coefficients are 0.257-0.594 and 0.033-0.508 with croanbach alpha values 0.732 and 0.915. The data analysis technique used is Pearson Correlation Product Moment. The results show that there is a significant relationship between counselor professionalism and student satisfaction with the product moment correlation coefficient value of 0.016 (r = 0.016, p≥0.05). In the research that researchers conducted, there were differences in results where the high level of
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Alkhader, Mustafa, Mohammad S. Alrashdan, Nour Abdo, and Rashed Abbas. "Usefulness of Hard Palate Measurements in Predicting Airway Dimensions in Patients Referred for Cone Beam CT." Open Dentistry Journal 15, no. 1 (September 17, 2021): 505–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874210602115010505.
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Purpose: The aim of the study was to evaluate the usefulness of hard palate measurements in predicting airway dimensions in patients referred for cone-beam CT (CBCT). Materials and Methods: Six hundred forty-three patients (239 males and 404 females) were examined by CBCT. Using dedicated CBCT software (Kodak CS 3D imaging version 3.8.6, Carestream, Rochester, NY, USA); different hard palate (palatal interalveolar length, palatal arch depth, maxillo-palatal arch angle, and alveolar width) and airway measurements (airway volume, minimum cross-sectional area, minimum anteroposterior distance, minimum right to left distance and airway length) were obtained and correlated using Pearson’s correlation coefficients and regression analysis. Results: Although the correlation between hard palate and airway measurements was weak (Pearson coefficient (r) < 0.40), there were significant (P < 0.05) additive effects for hard palate measurements in predicting airway dimensions. Maxillo-palatal arch angle was the only hard palate measurement that had no effect in predicting airway dimensions. Conclusion: Hard palate measurements are considered useful in predicting airway dimensions in patients referred for CBCT.
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Decleve, Philippe, Joachim Van Cant, Ellen De Buck, Justine Van Doren, Julie Verkouille, and Ann M. Cools. "The Self-Assessment Corner for Shoulder Strength: Reliability, Validity, and Correlations With Upper Extremity Physical Performance Tests." Journal of Athletic Training 55, no. 4 (April 1, 2020): 350–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-471-18.
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Context Rotator cuff weakness and rotation ratio imbalances are possible risk factors for shoulder injury among overhead athletes. In consensus statements, organizations have highlighted the importance of a screening examination to identify athletes at risk of injury. The screening should be portable and designed to be feasible in many different environments and contexts. Objective To evaluate the reliability and validity of the Self-Assessment Corner (SAC) for self-assessing shoulder isometric rotational strength and examining whether performance on 2 physical performance tests was correlated with isometric shoulder rotational strength using the SAC in handball players. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting Sport setting. Patients or Other Participants A first sample of 42 participants (18 men, 24 women) was recruited to determine the reliability and validity of the SAC. In a second sample of 34 handball players (18 men, 16 women), we examined correlations between physical performance tests and the SAC. Main Outcome Measure(s) The SAC was used to measure isometric rotational strength with the upper extremity at 90° of abduction in the frontal plane and 90° of external rotation and the elbow flexed to 90° with neutral rotation of the forearm. The SAC findings were compared with those from manual testing. Results from the seated medicine ball throw (SMBT) and closed kinetic chain upper extremity stability test (CKCUEST) were used to establish relationships with the SAC. We calculated intraclass correlation coefficients to determine relative reliability and used standard error of measurement and minimal detectable change to quantify absolute reliability. Relationships among the different strength-testing procedures and with the physical performance tests were determined using the Pearson product moment correlation coefficient (r) or Spearman rank correlation coefficient (rs). Results We observed good to excellent reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient [2,k] range = 0.89 to 0.92). The standard error of measurement varied from 3.45 to 3.48 N. The minimal detectable change with 95% confidence intervals ranged from 8.06 to 8.13 N. Strong correlations were present among strength procedures (r = 0.824, rs range = 0.754–0.816). We observed moderate to strong correlations between the CKCUEST findings and rotational strength (r range = 0.570–0.767). Moderate correlations were found between rotational strength and SMBT (r range = 0.573–0.626). Conclusions The SAC is a clinically applicable and standardized protocol for self-assessing rotational strength in young healthy adults without pathologic conditions. Performance on the SMBT and CKCUEST may be valuable as a screening tool to further assess shoulder strength.
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Njuguna, Pauline Nyokabi, and Dr Patrick K. Ngugi. "Influence of Iso 9001: 2015 Procurement Quality Management on Performance of Manufacturing Firms in Kenya." International Journal of Supply Chain and Logistics 4, no. 3 (October 25, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.47941/ijscl.470.
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Purpose: The overall objective of this study was to examine the influence of procurement ISO 9001: 2015 procurement quality management on performance of manufacturing firms in Kenya, with an aim of making recommendations on proper use of ISO 9001: 2015 procurement quality management in the manufacturing sector.Methodology: This research study adopted a descriptive research design.The researcher preferred this method because it allowed an in-depth study of the subject. To gather data, structured questionnaire was used to collect data. The study population was the manufacturing firms in Nairobi; the respondents were the designated heads of procurement of these firms. 200 heads of procurement were selected using stratified random sampling. Once collected, data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.Quantitative data was analyzed using multiple regression analysis. The qualitative data generated was analyzed by use of Statistical Package of Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20Results and conclusion: The correlation analysis to determine the relationship between continuous improvement and performance of manufacturing firms in Kenya, Pearson correlation coefficient computed and tested at 5% significance level. The results indicate that there is a positive relationship (r=0.387) between and continuous improvement performance of manufacturing firms in Kenya. In addition, the researcher found the relationship to be statistically significant at 5% level (p=0.000, <0.05). The correlation analysis to determine the relationship between supplier management and performance of manufacturing firms in Kenya, Pearson correlation coefficient computed and tested at 5% significance level. The results indicate that there is a positive relationship (r=0.598) supplier management and performance of manufacturing firms in Kenya. In addition, the researcher found the relationship to be statistically significant at 5% level (p=0.000, <0.05). The correlation analysis to determine the relationship between customer focus and performance of manufacturing firms in Kenya, Pearson correlation coefficient computed and tested at 5% significance level. The results indicate that there is a positive relationship (r= 0.690) between customer focus and performance of manufacturing firms in Kenya. In addition, the researcher found the relationship to be statistically significant at 5% level (p=0.000, <0.05).Policy recommendation: Finally, the study recommended that manufacturing firms should embrace procurement total quality practices so as to improve their performance and further researches should to be carried out in other institutions to find out if the same results can be obtained.
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de Ronde, Willem, Yvonne T. van der Schouw, Huibert AP Pols, Louis JG Gooren, Majon Muller, Diederick E. Grobbee, and Frank H. de Jong. "Calculation of Bioavailable and Free Testosterone in Men: A Comparison of 5 Published Algorithms." Clinical Chemistry 52, no. 9 (September 1, 2006): 1777–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2005.063354.
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Abstract Background: Estimation of serum concentrations of free testosterone (FT) and bioavailable testosterone (bioT) by calculation is an inexpensive and uncomplicated method. We compared results obtained with 5 different algorithms. Methods: We used 5 different published algorithms [described by Sodergard et al. (bioTS and FTS), Vermeulen et al. (bioTV and FTV), Emadi-Konjin et al. (bioTE), Morris et al. (bioTM), and Ly et al. (FTL)] to estimate bioT and FT concentrations in samples obtained from 399 independently living men (ages 40–80 years) participating in a cross-sectional, single-center study. Results: Mean bioT was highest for bioTS (10.4 nmol/L) and lowest for bioTE (3.87 nmol/L). Mean FT was highest for FTS (0.41 nmol/L), followed by FTV (0.35 nmol/L), and FTL (0.29 nmol/L). For bioT concentrations, the Pearson correlation coefficient was highest for the association between bioTS and bioTV (r = 0.98) and lowest between bioTM and bioTE (r = 0.66). FTL was significantly associated with both FTS (r = 0.96) and FTV (r = 0.88). The Pearson correlation coefficient for the association between FTL and bioTM almost reached 1.0. Bland-Altman analysis showed large differences between the results of different algorithms. BioTM, bioTE, bioTV, and FTL were all significantly associated with sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) concentrations. Conclusion: Algorithms to calculate FT and bioT must be revalidated in the local setting, otherwise over- or underestimation of FT and bioT concentrations can occur. Additionally, confounding of the results by SHBG concentrations may be introduced.
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Cleanthis, Marcus, Jonathan Smout, Vishwanath Bhattacharya, Hamdy Ashour, Alexander Dyker, Gary Ashley Ford, Dimitri P. Mikhailidis, and Gerard Patrick Stansby. "Soluble but Not Platelet P-selectin Correlates With Spontaneous Platelet Aggregation: A Pilot Study." Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis 14, no. 2 (April 2008): 227–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1076029607305915.
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Background. P-selectin (PS) is a marker of platelet activation measured on the platelet surface as platelet PS (pPS) or in serum as soluble PS (sPS). Controversy remains over the exact relationship between sPS, pPS, and other markers such as spontaneous platelet aggregation (SPA). Objective. To investigate correlations between pPS, sPS, and SPA in patients with peripheral arterial disease. Methods. SPA, pPS, and sPS levels were measured in venous blood sampled from patients following intermittent claudication (n = 18) or an acute stroke (n = 18). Results. SPA and sPS correlated significantly in the claudicants (Pearson correlation coefficient, r = 0.661; P = .0020) and stroke patients ( r = 0.514; P = .020). No significant correlation was identified between pPS and SPA, or sPS and pPS. Conclusions. The 2 methods of assessing PS are not comparable. Although pPS is accepted as a platelet activation marker, sPS may be a better indicator of aggregation represented by SPA.
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Benavides-Córdoba, Vicente, and Mauricio Palacios Gómez. "Relationship between Invasive and Non-Invasive Hemodynamic Measures in Experimental Pulmonary Hypertension." Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews 16, no. 1 (September 15, 2020): 47–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573398x16666200516180118.
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Introduction: Animal models have been used to understand the pathophysiology of pulmonary hypertension, to describe the mechanisms of action and to evaluate promising active ingredients. The monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension model is the most used animal model. In this model, invasive and non-invasive hemodynamic variables that resemble human measurements have been used. Aim: To define if non-invasive variables can predict hemodynamic measures in the monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension model. Materials and Methods: Twenty 6-week old male Wistar rats weighing between 250-300g from the bioterium of the Universidad del Valle (Cali - Colombia) were used in order to establish that the relationships between invasive and non-invasive variables are sustained in different conditions (healthy, hypertrophy and treated). The animals were organized into three groups, a control group who was given 0.9% saline solution subcutaneously (sc), a group with pulmonary hypertension induced with a single subcutaneous dose of Monocrotaline 30 mg/kg, and a group with pulmonary hypertension with 30 mg/kg of monocrotaline treated with Sildenafil. Right ventricle ejection fraction, heart rate, right ventricle systolic pressure and the extent of hypertrophy were measured. The functional relation between any two variables was evaluated by the Pearson correlation coefficient. Results: It was found that all correlations were statistically significant (p <0.01). The strongest correlation was the inverse one between the RVEF and the Fulton index (r = -0.82). The Fulton index also had a strong correlation with the RVSP (r = 0.79). The Pearson correlation coefficient between the RVEF and the RVSP was -0.81, meaning that the higher the systolic pressure in the right ventricle, the lower the ejection fraction value. Heart rate was significantly correlated to the other three variables studied, although with relatively low correlation. Conclusion: The correlations obtained in this study indicate that the parameters evaluated in the research related to experimental pulmonary hypertension correlate adequately and that the measurements that are currently made are adequate and consistent with each other, that is, they have good predictive capacity.