To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Peasant society.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Peasant society'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 28 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Peasant society.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Figes, Orlando. "The political transformation of peasant Russia : peasant Soviets in the Middle Volga, 1917-1920." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1987. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/271899.
Full textAbstract:
This study gives an account of village politics and social relations during the Russian Revolution and Civil War. It uses local archival materials and government publications from the middle Volga region (Samara, Saratov and Simbirsk provinces), which allows it to describe the events of these years from the viewpoint of the village and the volost (rural district). Section I examines the agrarian revolution of 1917 and, in particular, its peasant organisations, which, it is argued, emerged (in the form of peasant soviets) as the central political authorities in the countryside, once the old state structure had been destroyed. Left to themselves by the Bolshevik government in its first months of rule, the peasant soviets carried out the smallholding and egalitarian social ideals of the peasantry through vernacular forms of village democracy. Section II looks at these forms and their activities in the fields of trade control, property redistribution and land reform. The section also examines the relationship between the farming peasantry and other rural classes (eg. craftsmen, priests, immigrants).
2
Henderson, Namananda. "Village community and peasant society in medieval England." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2006. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0017893.
Full text
3
Clarke, C. A. "Peasant society and land transactions in Chesterton, Cambridgeshire 1277-1325." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.371620.
Full text
4
Tompkins, Matthew. "Peasant society in a Midlands Manor, Great Horwood 1400-1600." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/1390.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis investigates peasant society during the transition from the medieval to the modern period, through a detailed study of a south Midlands village, Great Horwood in north Buckinghamshire, during the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries (with frequent reference to conditions in the fourteenth and late thirteenth centuries). The focus is on the internal stratification of the peasantry, particularly the distribution of land. The main source used is the court rolls of the manor of Great Horwood, and the primary aim is to determine how accurate a picture of a community and its land distribution pattern can be obtained from manorial records. The two principal methods employed to extract information from the court rolls are: first, the creation from the tenancy-related entries in the court rolls of ownership histories for every landholding unit in the manor between 1400 and 1600, and the derivation from them of comprehensive land distribution data, and second, the creation of life histories for every person mentioned in the rolls, comprising all references to that person in the rolls and other sources, and the derivation from them of data relating to residence outside the manor, landholding in more than one manor, subtenancy, landlessness and occupational structure. It is demonstrated that it is possible to extract quantitative landholding and tenancy data from manor court rolls at least as good as that found in a series of manorial surveys or rentals, and that court roll data can be taken further, to investigate aspects of peasant landholding and society not normally revealed by those sources. It is shown that in Great Horwood widespread inter-manorial landholding and subtenancy combined with a substantial landless element within the manor’s population produced a very different and more complex social structure than that disclosed by the pattern of land distribution among the manor’s direct tenants.
5
Kabeer, Naila. "The functions of children in the household economy and levels of fertility : a case study of a village in Bangladesh." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.295634.
Full text
6
Håkansson, Jakob. "The Peasant Imagined : Social Imaginary and Social Order in Eighteenth and Early Nineteenth Century Sweden." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Historiska institutionen, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-322560.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this thesis is to illuminate how the Swedish peasantry was perceived by the Swedish Burgher, Clerical, and Noble Estates during the eighteenth and early nineteenth century. By studying the Diet protocols of each Estate from three Diets, and by applying the concept of social imaginary, it considers what a peasant was perceived to be, who was perceived to be a peasant, and how these perceptions changed. The period under investigation is a time when the orders of society began to change and the peasantry underwent a process of radicalization. It is also a time when the way people perceived themselves changed, from a perception of “the self” heavily influenced by the collective, to a more individualistic one. These circumstances made the Estates question the traditional ideal of what a peasant was, re-writing the social script of the peasantry to include new attributes, duties, and virtues than it did a century earlier. Three main categories are used and aims at exploring the peasantry’s perceived social dignity, political role, and economic function, each representing its respective order in estate society. The study has shown how the Estates perceived peasants to be simple, uneducated, and foolish in the early stages of the Age of Liberty (1718–1772), and that the social dignity of a peasant was fundamental in conceptualizing what and who a peasant was. This changed towards the end of the century and became much more diverse and complex during the early nineteenth century. By the early 1820’s, the Noble and Clerical Estates perceived them as competent, responsible, and as being capable of betterment and upward mobility in a spiritual and worldly sense. The Burgher Estate perceived them as self-righteous, rustic, and intrusive as they had begun to invade their cities, steeling their livelihood, and thus threatening their entire existence as an estate. The economic transformations of the period also proved how the economic function of the peasantry was now to a larger degree emphasized as the determinative factor of what social dignity and political role they should have.The author has changed name to Jakob Starlander.
7
Parkin, Kate. "Courts and the community : reconstructing the fourteenth-century peasant society of Wisbech Hundred, Cambridgeshire, from manor court rolls." Thesis, University of Leicester, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/31026.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis assesses afresh the feasibility of social reconstruction based on court rolls, through a methodologically self-conscious analysis of records from Wisbech Hundred. It identifies a recent historiographical movement away from social history towards a 'legal' orthodoxy justified in terms of the nature of the records. It questions the definition of 'custom' implicit in this trend, while exposing and rejecting attempts to use Maitland's work to drive a wedge between legally- and sociologically-informed approaches to court rolls. Computer-based analysis is applied to 316 sessions between 1327 and 1377 of the halimotes, leet, curia and hundred courts of Wisbech, Elm, Leverington, Newton and Tydd St. Giles. These vills were under the single lordship of the bishop of Ely, whose fourteenth-century privileges and jurisdictions are here defined. Court rolls are taken to record court roles (juror, essoin etc.) and these are defined in detail as attributes of individuals, whose activities and interactions are thus considered strictly within the arena of the court. The predominant business of regulating land transfer receives particular attention, shedding light on custom and 'deathbed transfers'. Rudimentary social network analysis is undertaken, proving more useful as an interpretative mode than a mathematical technique. Narrative case-studies relate individuals and families to observed trends. Finally, a refinement of existing methodologies is offered. It is suggested that, although social historians should indeed be sensitive to the limited purposes of these records, they need not abandon social reconstruction. Rather, the nature and dynamics of individuals' 'court-lives' should be defined with detailed reference to local custom and circumstances. This done, other classes of records can be utilised, each to illuminate its own aspect of individual lives. 'Identity' is advanced as a theoretical basis for keeping these lines of investigation separate until their combination in social reconstruction reflective of the multifaceted nature of society.
8
Liu, Yan. "Constructing civil society in transitional china case studies of one private university and one non-governmental institute for peasant education /." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/7206.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Ph. D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2007.Thesis research directed by: Education Policy, and Leadership. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
9
Håkansson, Ola. "”Barnen är som flyttfåglar” : En kvalitativ fallstudie av en bondefamiljs brevsamling från 1800-talet." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för samhälls- och kulturvetenskap, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-65803.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this essay was to study how people could react to the changes of the society and modernization during the 1800s. The study is based on a qualitative method and the material for this study has been letters that belong to a peasantry family from Sunne, Värmland in Sweden. The purpose with this case studie has been to find out what the letter says about peoples experiences and conditions during the modernization. In this studie the theory of modernization has been limited to geographical mobility and individualism in purpose to see how the correspondent writes about these modern phenomenon. The results show a collectivistic character, but also how the modernization and geographical mobility challenge this concept. The letters also show a interaction between the character of the peasant society and modernization.
10
Zulauf, Joanna. "Gardien de mémoire : racines anthropologiques du monde paysan dans l’œuvre de Wiesław Myśliwski." Thesis, Paris 4, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA040040.
Full textAbstract:
L’oeuvre de Wieslaw Mysliwski, auteur connu et primé de la littérature contemporaine polonaise, tire ses racines de la culture paysanne traditionnelle. La clef anthropologique d’analyse de cette oeuvre semble être la plus efficace pour présenter les contenus et la mécanique de cette culture. Même si elle est encore proche dans le temps cette culture n’en est pas moins éloignée des enjeux de la modernité d’un Polonais du XXIème siècle.La mémoire collective du monde paysan suscite un vrai questionnement quant à ses voies, son exercice et ses contenus. Elle se niche dans trois couches de l’activité humaine : biologique, sociale et culturelle. L’analyse éthologique montre que la mémoire du monde paysan se révèle dans le rapport de l’homme aux animaux et dans le conditionnement de l’homme par ses gènes - lien indestructible entre les humains. L’approche sociologique révèle la stéréotypie des comportements humains dans l’interaction sociale, ce qui contribue au caractère universel des écrits de Wieslaw Mysliwski. Le monde paysan traditionnel y est magnifié par la façon dont est présenté l’imaginaire de la campagne polonaise. La pensée mythique donne structure et dynamique à sa configuration. L’oeuvre de Wieslaw Mysliwski illustre le passage de la société traditionnelle communautaire vers la société moderne individualiste. Son originalité consiste en la découverte d’un processus : les personnages de Wieslaw Mysliwski, après être passés par la société moderne, retournent à leur source paysanne pour s’y reconstituer en tant qu’individus qui arrivent à synthétiser en eux les valeurs traditionnelles et modernes. L’oeuvre de Wieslaw Mysliwski est un monument de mémoire de la campagne polonaise, dans le sens où elle est une proposition féconde des moyens de préservation et de fonctionnement de cette culture par sa dynamique créatrice propreLiterary art of Wieslaw Mysliwski, a famous prize-winning contemporary Polish author, is deepely rooted inthe Polish peasant culture and its ancient traditions. Taking that fact into account, an anthropological approachof textual analysis is probably the one which can present the contents of this culture and explain its functioningmost clearly. Though close in time, for it's nearly our contemporary, peasant culture is, at the same time, faraway because of the gap between its values and those modern Polish men and women look up to. The moststriking element of the peasant culture is its collective memory, a puzzling phenomenon as to its ways, itscontents and its workings, operating in three layers, each delving deeper into human nature: the cultural stratus,the social one and, finally, the organic core which is the deepest of them all. The ethological approach revealsthe fact that the collective memory is linked to the way men treat animals and the way genetic heritage, thatlink one cannot destroy, frames their behaviour. As for the sociological approach, the latter deals with theexamples of stock behaviour in social interaction. That gives a universal dimension to Wieslaw Mysliwski'swriting. His craftsmanship consists in magnifying the traditional rural world by the way he depicts its capacityof generating transcendence. Mythical thinking gives structure and dynamics to its layout. WieslawMysliwski's writing deals with the transition from the traditional society, defined by the tight group links, tothe modern individualistic one. His originality resides in discovering that in order to become a person in hisown right, an individual needs both modernity and tradition. Thus, the characters Mysliwski portraits alwaysreturn to the peasant traditions to resource themselves. Wieslaw Mysliwski's literary art can be regarded as atribute to the Polish peasant culture as it reveals its capacity of constant rebirth. It is a sanctuary dedicated tothe memory of the Polish rural world
11
Leech, John Patrick. "Peasants and politics : rural society and discontent in the Dipartimento del Reno (1802-1817)." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.262597.
Full text
12
El, Nour Saker. "Dynamiques contemporaines de la pauvreté dans l’Égypte rurale : cas de Nazlet Salmân." Thesis, Paris 10, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA100046.
Full textAbstract:
Cette thèse, basée sur une approche qualitative, étudie les dynamiques de la pauvreté dans la campagne égyptienne à travers le cas du village de Nazlet Salmân (gouvernorat d’Assiout, Haute Égypte). L’objectif était de comprendre la nature de ces dynamiques au niveau du groupe domestique, et d’analyser les dynamiques et les changements à plusieurs échelles (macro et micro). Le cadre théorique choisi est la construction sociale de la pauvreté. L'étude a démontré que l'identification et la définition, par les villageois, de « celui qui est pauvre » et « celui qui ne l’est pas », est constitué principalement en fonction des considérations locales, selon un ensemble de critères liés à l'accès aux ressources, aux revenus, aux dépenses et au statut social. En face, le concept de pauvreté adopté par l'État est défectueux, et malgré sa correspondance avec le concept local sur le revenu, il ne tient pas compte des ressources et se limite uniquement à la « pauvreté extrême ». La principale finalité recherchée par les pauvres est de parvenir à la « sécurité sociale », en s’appuyant sur des stratégies multiples, fondées sur la diversification des sources de revenus et d'emplois dans l'agriculture et hors agriculture, par l’émigration de travail, par l'exploitation des individus et des ressources de la famille. A chaque fois que la possession de terre disparait ou diminue pour une famille, l’instabilité et l’insécurité sociale s’accroissent. L'État a joué un rôle majeur dans l'appauvrissement des paysans à travers des politiques agricoles et des conceptions du développement qui ne correspondent pas aux besoins et aux désirs des pauvresThis thesis is based on a qualitative approach to study the dynamic of poverty in the egyptian countryside, through the case study of the village of Nazlet Salmân, located in the Asyut governorate, in Upper Egypt. This study was initially aimed at understanding the nature of the dynamic of poverty at the level of the domestic group, and analyzed these dynamics or changes on a variety of scales (micro and macro). For this study, the social construction of poverty has been used as the theoretical framework. The study showed that the concept of poverty among the village poor is mainly based on local considerations that play a key role in the “identification and definition” of the one who is poor and the one who is not, according to a set of criteria based on the evaluation of access to resources, income, expenditure and social status. Also, the concept adopted by the State is defective, and despite the intersection with the local concept of “income”, it does not include resources, but is limited only to “extreme poverty”. The main objective sought by the poor is to achieve social stability and security. In fact it relies on multiple strategies based on the diversification of means of income and employment inside and outside the agricultural sector, the labour migration, the exploitation of both the individuals and the family resources to achieve it. Each time a family’s land disappears or diminishes, this family experiences more social instability and insecurity. The study has shown also the role the state played in the peasant’s impoverishment through its agricultural politics and its vision of development which did not meet the poor’s needs and desires
13
Safarik, Bradley. "Strategic abandon : Angolan peasantry under MPLA domination." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020BORD0338.
Full textAbstract:
Le passé colonial a longtemps servi comme guide pour le gouvernement angolais et sa vision de réimaginer les espaces futurs dans la périphérie. Cependant, une confluence d’influences historiques et d’intérêts politiques a entravé la revitalisation du secteur au détriment de la production agricole et des angolais ruraux. Avec le secteur agricole comme toile de fond, nous essayons de montrer comment le modèle illibéral de la reconstruction de l’état a profité de sa présence ‘socialiste’ prolongée dans l’économie rurale pour retarder le développement des initiatives économiques indépendantes, a privé la paysannerie des ressources publiques, et a investi significativement dans des parties segmentées où le contrôle des ressources reste dans les flux d’influence des élites. Cette stratégie a effectivement abandonné une grande partie des populations rurales, bien que le monopole sur le pouvoir de la distribution des ressources se soit affaibli avec l’arrivée des acteurs non-étatiques dans la campagne. Ce nouvel élément a permis le renforcement de la capacité de pouvoir d’agir (agency) endogène rural, exemplifié par la formation de Rede Terra et sa campagne nationale pour influencer la dernière loi de la terre. La domination via l’abandon s’avère une stratégie efficace pour imposer son autorité où elle est la plus faible. Cependant, une intention véritable de diversification économique exigerait une approche plus populaire. Il reste à savoir si le gouvernement est disposé à renoncer à sa stratégie de dominationAngola’s colonial past has served as a symbolic lodestar for the government’s plans reimagining the future spaces of the countryside. However, a confluence of historical influences and partisan political aims has weighed heavy on the plans behind revitalizing the sector to the detriment of agricultural production and rural Angolans alike. With the agricultural sector as its backdrop, we attempt to expose how the government’s illiberal peacebuilding model has intentionally used its prolonged ‘socialist’ presence in the rural economy to stunt private economic initiatives, deprived its peripheral populations of public resources, and only significantly invested in segmented areas where resource control remained within elite channels of influence. This strategy effectively abandoned large swathes of rural communities, though the monopoly hold on the power of resource distribution was broken down with the arrival of Non-State Actors in the countryside. The entrance of this new element allowed for the strengthening of the capacity of endogenous rural agency, exemplified by the formation of Rede Terra and its national campaign to influence the latest land law. Domination through abandon has proven an effective strategy of imposing its authority where it remains the weakest, though any real attempt at economic diversification would require a more popular approach. It remains to be seen whether the government is willing to renounce its strategy of domination
O passado colonial angolano tem servido como uma estrela guiada pelo governo em sua reimaginação de espaços futuros na periferia. Entretanto, uma confluência de influências históricas e de alvos políticos pesou nos planos da revitalização do sector económico em detrimento da produção agrícola e das populações rurais. Tendo o sector agrícola como pano de fundo, tentamos, na nossa pesquisa, explicar como o modelo iliberal de reconstrução do país se tem aproveitado da presença ‘socialista’ estendida pelo governo na economia rural, a fim de tolher as iniciativas econômicas particulares, privando as populações de recursos públicos, investindo significativamente só em áreas segmentadas onde o controlo dos recursos permaneceram dentro de canais de influência das elites. Essa estratégia, efetivamente, abandonou grandes partes das comunidades rurais. Embora, o monopólio sobre o poder da distribuição de recursos se tenha fragilizado com a chegada dos atores não-estatais nas periferias. A presença desse novo elemento permitiu o fortalecimento da capacidade endógena da ação (agency) rural, exemplificado na formação da Rede Terra e sua campanha nacional mobilizada em torno da nova lei de terras. A dominação pelo abandono se revelou uma estratégia eficaz na imposição de sua autoridade onde ela permaneceu a mais fraca, porém qualquer tentativa genuína de diversificação económica requereria uma abordagem mais popular. A questão que fica é se o governo está preparado à renunciar sua estratégia de dominação
14
Quinn, Rapin, and rapin quinn@dest gov au. "NGOs, Peasants and the State: Transformation and Intervention in Rural Thailand, 1970-1990." The Australian National University. Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, 1997. http://thesis.anu.edu.au./public/adt-ANU20060227.084102.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract
This study examines people-centred Thai NGOs trying to help peasants empower themselves in order to compete better in conflicts over land, water, forest, and capital, during the 1970s to 1990s. The study investigates how the NGOs contested asymmetric power relations among government officials, private entrepreneurs and ordinary people while helping raise the peoples confidence in their own power to negotiate their demands with other actors.¶
The thesis argues that the NGOs are able to play an interventionist role when a number of key factors coexist. First, the NGOs are able to understand local situations, which contain asymmetric power relations between different actors, in relation to current changes in the wider context of the Thai political economy and seize the time to take action. Secondly, the NGOs are able to articulate a social meaning beyond the dominating rhetoric of the state and the capitalists which encourages the peoples participation in collective activities. Thirdly, while dealing with one problem in social relations and negotiation with local environment, the NGOs are able to recognise new problems as they arise and rapidly identify a new political space for the actors to renegotiate their conflicting interests and demands. Fourthly, the NGOs are able to recreate new meanings, new actors and reform their organisations and networks to deal with new situations. Finally, the NGOs are able to effectively use three pillars of their movement, namely individuals, organisations and networks to deal with everyday politics and collective protest.¶
The case studies in three villages in Northern Thailand reveal that the NGOs were able to play an interventionist role in specific situations through their alternative development strategies somewhat influenced by structural Marxism. The thesis recommends that the NGO interventionist role be continued so as to overcome tensions within the NGO community, for instance, between the NGOs working at the grass-roots level and the NGOs working at regional and national levels (including NGO funding agencies); local everyday conflicts; and the bipolar views of a society among the NGOs expressed in dichotomous thinking between rural and urban, community and state, conflict and order, actor and system.¶
The fragmentation of NGO social and environmental movements showed that there is no single formula or easy solution to the problems. If the NGOs want to continue their interventionist role to help empower ordinary people and help them gain access to productive resources, they must move beyond their bipolar views of a society to discover the middle ground to search for new meanings, new actors, new issues and to create again and again counter-hegemony movements. This could be done by having abstract development theories assessed and enriched by concrete development practices and vice versa. Both theorists and practitioners need to use their own imagination to invent and reinvent what and how best to continue.
15
Day, Emma. "Sokemen and freemen in late Anglo-Saxon East Anglia in comparative context." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2011. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/239350.
Full textAbstract:
The dissertation is an investigation into sokemen and freemen, a group of higher status peasants, in tenth- and eleventh-century East Anglia (hereafter and throughout the dissertation referred to as less dependent tenants). The study considers four themes. The first concerns the socio-economic condition of less dependent tenants. Previous commentators have focused on, for example, light or non-existent labour services and a connection with royal service and public obligations, but the reality may have been more complex. The second theme considers the distribution of the group across East Anglia. The third and fourth themes consider, respectively, the reliability of the Domesday evidence for less dependent tenants and how far the eastern counties differed from the rest of England. It has been argued that the significant number of less dependent tenants recorded in the eastern counties in Domesday Book indicates that region's unique social structure. This view increasingly has been questioned. The dissertation uses a partially retrogressive approach, combining pre-Conquest sources with Domesday Book and manorial sources from the twelfth and thirteenth centuries. It argues that less dependent tenants formed a varied group, including both smallholders (probably constituting the greater part of the group) and prosperous landholders defined by high-status service. These individuals were not always clearly distinguished from those immediately above and below them in the hierarchy. There was no intrinsic connection between less dependent tenants and royal service. Less dependent tenants experienced upward and downward social mobility in the tenth and eleventh centuries, affected by the land market and the influence of lordship. The group's local distribution, and, by implication, the extent of manorialisation, could vary widely and was influenced primarily by the strength of lordship. There were longstanding and important differences between East Anglia and counties elsewhere in England. But these differences also were exaggerated by the Domesday evidence.
16
Pascoal, Isaias. "Reprodução da força de trabalho no Sul de Minas : seculo XIX : no contexto de uma formação economica não-exportadora." [s.n.], 2005. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/280938.
Full textAbstract:
Orientador: Rubem Murilo Leão RegoTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-05T11:15:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Pascoal_Isaias_D.pdf: 17135356 bytes, checksum: 313940e099f76977965abd53766734a4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005
Resumo: Esta pesquisa procura explicar a forma como a força de trabalho se reproduziu socialmente no sul de Minas no século XIX, constituindo-se no elemento fundamental da reprodução do sistema econômico que aí se configurou. Sem desconhecer a importância do poder condicionante das várias instâncias da vida social, notadamente da economia e da cultura, ela enfatiza a proeminência do poder politico, exercido em nível local e nacional pelos mais diversos sujeitos sociais, comoo ponto definidor do processo que permitiu a contínua sujeição da força de trabalho escrava, diversamente configurada, que conviveu ao lado de uma massa heterogênea de trabalhadores livres. Só no decorrer de um longo processo histórico foi possível o aparecimento de condições que impediram a continuidade do processo de reprodução social, conduzindo os vários atores à busca de novos arranjos capazes de sustentar a produção econômica e o status e a hierarquia social por ela sustentados
Abstract: This research aims at explaining the way work force has been produced socially in the South of Minas in the nineteenth century, basing on the fundamental element of the reproduction of the economic system that there took place. Not unknowing the importance of the conditioning power of the various levels of social life, especially economic and culture, it emphasizes the preeminence of the polítical power exercised in local and national level by the most diverged social subjects, as the defining point of the process which allow the continuous subordination of the slave work force, diversely configured, which existed together with a heterogeneous mass of free work. Only in the running of a long historic process was it possible the appearing of conditions which prevented the continuity of the process of social reproduction, leading the various actors in search of new arrangements capable of sustaining the economical production and status and the social hierarchy sustained by it
Doutorado
Doutor em Ciências Sociais
17
Achancho, Valantine. "Le rôle des organisations paysannes dans la professionnalisation de l'agriculture en afrique subsaharienne : le cas du Cameroun." Phd thesis, AgroParisTech, 2012. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00935522.
Full textAbstract:
Dans tous les continents et en particulier dans les pays d'Afrique subsaharienne, les organisations paysannes ont toujours été au centre des politiques de développement de l'agriculture. Nombreuses et diversifiées, les organisations paysannes du Cameroun font l'objet d'une attention particulière de la part des pouvoirs publics qui depuis près de quatre décennies mettent en place des programmes de développement dont l'objectif principal est d'appuyer la professionnalisation de l'agriculture, à travers une structuration organisée du milieu rural. Le présent travail de recherche analyse le rôle des organisations paysannes dans la professionnalisation de l'agriculture. Il aborde et clarifie les notions de professionnalisation de l'agriculture et d'organisations paysannes à travers une approche sociologique et met en évidence la logique des programmes dits de professionnalisation, de même que les dynamiques d'organisation de producteurs agricoles qui évoluent au Cameroun. L'étude s'appuie sur des données d'observation des dynamiques d'organisations paysannes au Cameroun de 1994 à 2012 ainsi que du suivi des initiatives des projets d'appui aux organisations paysannes et aux filières agricoles. Les données collectées portent également sur une enquête réalisée auprès de 70 organisations paysannes dans les régions de l'Ouest, du Nord-ouest, du Sud-ouest, du Littoral et du Sud du Cameroun. Ces enquêtes ont permis de réaliser des entretiens de groupe avec environ 350 paysans issus d'organisations paysannes, et en particulier d'avoir des discussions plus approfondies avec 20 responsables d'organisations paysannes sur leur parcours et la nature de leur leadership. Sur la base des résultats obtenus, il a pu être établi que la professionnalisation de l'agriculture s'inscrit dans la logique des nouvelles offres " d'innovation " proposées par les partenaires du développement, avec pour objectif de contribuer au développement d'une agriculture plus performante dans les pays d'Afrique subsaharienne." [...] Suite et fin du résumé dans la thèse.
18
Hryniuk, Stella M. "A peasant society in transition: Ukrainian peasants in five East Galician counties: 1880-1900." 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/20385.
Full textAbstract:
While late nineteenth century Galicia has been the subject of
attention of many writers, past literature about East Galicia has
generally given a limited and at times distorted picture of this region.
It has rarely been treated separately, and generalizations about its
society have been made, and perpetuated, on the basis of erroneous data
or inadequate and/or unsystematic study of the sources. The picture
which has emerged has been of a people living in extremes of political
and socio-economic deprivation; particularly pervasive has been the view
that material poverty was a general feature of that society.
This dissertation challenged the accepted interpretations through
an examination of some aspects of East Galicia, specifically focussing
on the Ukrainian peasantry in five Southern Podillian counties.
Contrary to the received version of its history there were evident signs
of change and improvement. In the area of education, there were more
elementary schools, more teachers, and the teaching of a more varied and
modern curriculum; greater activities of the Ukrainian enlightenment
societies; a growing popular didactic press and a large increase in the
number of reading clubs. All of these contributed to substantial
improvements in literacy and an expanded knowledge base for that society.
The effect was most evident in the agricultural sector, the main source of
income for the population. Average sizes of landholdings were not in any
case as small as has been supposed. Significant improvements in yields of
cereal grains and other field crops were achieved. Also there was a movement
towards production of other commercial crops. Particularly significant
was the increased attention devoted to animal husbandry by the
smallholding peasants. Expansion of agricultural education contributed to
the general improvement in agricultural productivity; particularly notable
is the fact that larger numbers and better quality animals were being
raised by the peasantry of the region. Better marketing opportunities
were made available to the population of the region due to advances in
communications, particularly railways. A wider network of maintained
roads provided greater and easier access to both the major road and rail
connections to other regions of Galicia and Europe.
Dissemination of more health information and better nutrition
contributed to increased quality and length of life. Mortality rates
dropped, and major diseases, specifically cholera and smallpox, were
more effectively contained. Along with adaptations to material changes
in their environment, there came a perceptible change in attitudes on
the part of the people of Southern Podillia. Even while traditional
attachment to the Greek Catholic church and to communal self-reliance
remained, there was a growing acceptance of innovative activities such
as the establishment of consumer and producer cooperatives, fire
insurance and communal credit associations. Especially proninent was
the appearance of political awareness, particularly in respect of local
political affairs. With increased knowledge and awareness came
greater self-confidence and risk-taking, and an increased sense
of control on the part of the peasantry over their own lives - in short,
attributes of a modernizing population. Taken together, these
developments show that Southern Podillian society was undergoing a
transition from a static, subsistence-based society motivated by
traditional behavior patterns, to a more mobile, forward-looking
society. Many problems remained, but the legacy of the past historical
interpretations of this society can no longer be sustained.
19
Lee, Chao-ching, and 李晁慶. "The State-Society Relations in Mainland China：An Issue of Peasant Laborer." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/ank23j.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中山大學
中國與亞太區域研究所
97
Abstract Since the peasant laborer community are the special social stratum which mainland China reform in system reforming has appeared, the so-called peasant laborer who on the occupation activities non-agricultural production in the rural enterprise or the cities, but the registered permanent address still in the countryside, the status was still farmer''s worker. At present peasant laborer''s scale has surpassed 140,000,000 populations, and forms a fixed social stratum in mainland China. These belong to the countryside labor force originally, along with the reform advancement, get out the countryside, places oneself row of in the city workers, also the population grows day by day. The labor force massive flowing bring popular rising problems, no matter it will be paying the more social cost to the city or the village, if the popular uprising question want to have the basic solution, not only need the law, but also promote the labor market to be perfect, enables the labor force the flowing to move towards outside the standardization, needs to begin to relieve exists since long ago in China''s city and countryside dual system. The city farmer worker social security systems establishment is a project which an item so complex, not only it involves to the city and countryside many original system reforms and the innovation, but also involves to the social benefit and resources redistributing.Needs the conformity country, the society and individual strength. Farm labors, working in the cities as well as employed by industrial manufacturers, and have to face the same living standard and vocational risks as urban citizens, but they can’t obtain the same social security welfare. When they had profession injury, illness or being unemployed, mostly they would face poverty and the deterioration of basic living standard. If farm labors’ social security can implement in China will relate to the China stability, growth, and transformation and establishment of harmonized society.
20
Baud, Michiel. "Peasant society under siege tobacco cultivators in the Cibao (Dominican Republic), 1870-1930 /." 1991. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/30658652.html.
Full text
21
Zheng, Zhi-Peng, and 鄭志鵬. "The historical analysis of peasant''s health insurance: world system,state and civil society." Thesis, 1997. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/13424419988623698969.
Full text
22
Cheng, Chi-Peng, and 鄭志鵬. "The historical analysis of peasant''s health insurance: world system,state and civil society." Thesis, 1997. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/53036578638518741730.
Full text
23
Jenn-Shiun, wang, and 王振勳. "The Rural Society and Peasant Livehood in Transation of the Lake Tai Area, 1895-1937." Thesis, 1994. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/10056292949970431737.
Full text
24
Mattner, Harold F., University of Western Sydney, College of Health and Science, and School of Natural Sciences. "Epistemic learning and rural development : an autoethnography of systemic participation with peasants, self and society." 2006. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/14277.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis is motivated by my felt connection with the unnecessarily hungry peasants of the Majority World. The odyssey that results is portrayed as one of epistemic learning in which the meaning of participation is central. The first part (Chapters 1-4) introduces the philosophical understandings gained at the end of the research in order to assist the reader’s orientation at the beginning of the thesis. This explanation depends upon understanding the paradigmatic implications of Classical and Quantum Physics along with an autooethnographic approach. Using these concepts, I portray my experiences in agricultural development with peasants in the Solomon Islands and Mozambique as naïve systemic practice. This practice arises in response to the continual failure of contemporary development which I refer to as expat-centric development. I systemically reframe the categories of “expert” and “blueprint project” which become “expert and project with peasant.” The development that results I find to be easy and successful, yet it is ignored and undermined. This leads me to a watershed experience, which becomes Part 2 (Chapter 5) of the thesis.Within Part 3 I see the role of society’s institutions to replicate the mechanistic paradigm. Thus, in order to avoid the institutional entrapment that results from this, I see the need post-thesis, to participate in evolving new social structures that can replicate the paradigm of systemic participation. This will largely depend upon the willingness of society to engage with a cosmology of connectedness.Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
25
Yuan, I. "The social regime and the Chinese Socialist State the political roles of the Chinese peasantry in a changing society /." 1993. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/30742846.html.
Full text
26
PECKOVÁ, Štěpánka. ""A poněvadž předešlý vejměnkář ještě živ jest ... ." Problematika výměnku na třeboňském panství v 18. století." Master's thesis, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-153290.
Full textAbstract:
The presented thesis originated thanks to the support of the project of Grantová agentura Jihočeské univerzity Nr. 130/2010/H (The society of Czech regions in 17th up to 20th century. The area of economical, social, cultural and religious structure of Czech regions and their transformations during the 17th-20th century). The presented thesis is dealing with, on the example of Třeboň domain, the period transformation of the institute of the rent-charge and the position of retired peasants during the 18th century on the Třeboň domain, specifically in years 1725-1735 and 1775-1785. For the research there were used two from four books of rent-charge?s contracts deposited in the Státní oblastní archiv (public regional archive) in Třeboň. There was chosen the micro historical method of the research as the basic methodological starting point for the analysis of particular cases. Also the exercise of certain lifelong strategies in the family environment in the country has become the subject of the explorational interest. The goal of this thesis was to ascertain, which circumstances influenced the origin of the rent-charge and why it was required. The analysis of chosen lifelong advancements of individual groups leaving for the retirement revealed, that in the person?s behavior in the rent-charge were reflected rooted models of behavior and action, but there was also possible to grasp even the individual strategies. It was possible to draw this conclusion even in the case of the investigation of the content aspect of the rent-charge. The research points out the difference of opportunities, which presented themselves to retired peasants and sustains, that the rent-charge did not mean the end of life, but its partial stage.
27
Campisi, Christina. "Constituting "Community" at the onset of the Pascua Lama Mining Project." Thèse, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/7321.
Full text
28
Xie, Yunping. "From social movements to contentious politics a comparative critical literature review across the U.S. and China." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/3814.
Full textAbstract:
Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)This thesis is a critical literature review on the studies of social movements and contentious politics in the U.S. and China. Thanks to theories of contentious politics, we can analyze the studies of America’s social movements and China’s collective actions in the same “frame.” By making a comparison, this thesis tries to construct a theoretical dialogue between the studies across both countries. At the same time, it criticizes over-generalizing the mode “democratic-nondemocratic” in analysis of repertories of contentious politics and downplaying capitalism’s role in the social movements. From the various empirical studies in both countries, this thesis argues that a generalization should be based on the diversity of this realm, not just from the western perspective.