Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Pêche à la senne'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Pêche à la senne.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
Nurhakim, Subhat. "Biologie et dynamique du Banyar Rastrelliger kanagurta (téléostéen - Scombridae) dans la pêcherie des grands senneurs en mer de Java." Brest, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993BRES2018.
Ecoutin, Jean-Marc. "Dynamique des flottilles en pêche artisanale : l'exemple des sennes tournantes de Côte-d'Ivoire." Montpellier 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991MON20113.
Potier, Michel. "Pêcherie de Layang et senneurs semi-industriels javanais : perspective historique et approche système." Montpellier 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MON20166.
Escalle, Lauriane. "Spatio-temporal interactions between whale sharks, cetaceans and tropical tuna purse-seine fisheries, within a conservation perspective, in the Atlantic and Indian Oceans." Thesis, Montpellier, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MONTT125/document.
In the frame of the Ecosystem Approach to Fishery (EAF) management, impact of the tropical tuna purse-seine fishery on targeted and incidentally captured species should be investigated. They may include megafauna species, such as sharks, rays, cetaceans, turtles or sea birds, which often are emblematic and vulnerable species. Tropical tuna purse-seiners actively search, at the surface of the sea, for clues indicating the presence of tuna schools (e.g. birds, floating objects, whales, dolphins or whale sharks). In the eastern Atlantic and western Indian Oceans, the main two fishing modes are sets on free swimming tuna schools and schools associated to natural or artificial floating objects, thereafter called Fish Aggregating Device (FAD). However dedicated studies on fishing sets associated to whale sharks and cetaceans are still lacking. The aim of this thesis is therefore, using logbook and scientific onboard observer data, to investigate the spatio-temporal co-occurrences and/or interactions between whale sharks, cetaceans and the tuna purse-seine fishery within an ecosystem conservation perspective. This work underlines that the megafauna/ fishery co-occurrence occurs in specific spatio-temporal strata: i) Gabon to Angola (April–September), ii) the Mozambique Channel (June–September), and iii) East of Seychelles (April–September). As baleen whales and whale sharks are filter feeders, the co-occurrence with the purse-seine fishery was mostly linked to highly productive environments (i.e. using proxys including chlorophyll-a concentration). In addition fishing sets involving megafauna were relatively high before 2000 (up to 20% of the sets), but are nowadays less frequent (AC3 and 1.5% of the sets associated to baleen whales and whale sharks). The purse-seine fishery appears to have a relatively low impact on megafauna species with mortality rates of 1.4% for whale sharks and 5.6% for cetaceans. Whale shark satellite tagging also confirms these results on the longer term, but the low sample size precludes any final conclusion. While dolphins are present in fishing areas, very few interactions with the fishery was detected, which highlights the striking difference with the eastern Pacific Ocean where half the sets are associated to dolphin herds. In addition, the diversity of targeted and bycatch species captured under whale shark and baleen whale sets was also investigated. Whale sharks are principally associated to skipjack and yellowfin (of various sizes) tunas and baleen whales mostly to large yellowfin tuna. In addition, bycatch species associated to these two megafauna groups was relatively low and dominated by the silky shark, and bycatch diversity was close to the one found for free swimming tuna schools. Finally, real and/or simulated encircled megafauna conservation measures or fishing effort management measures (especially FAD moratoria including larger ones) were investigated. The first ones were found to have limited consequences on tuna catch and bycatch. Conversely FAD moratoria had limited impacts on the number of megafauna associated fishing sets, due to the fact that the main spatio-temporal strata of megafauna and FAD sets differ. However larger and longer moratoria could be beneficial for juvenile tuna and some bycatch species. Overall, this thesis has lead to increase the knowledge on megafauna/ fishery interactions, essential in the general framework of setting up an EAF in the tropical tune purse-seine fishery
Torres, Edgar. "Effects of the fishing strategies developed by purse seine fleets on tropical tunas and on associated fauna in the eastern Atlantic and eastern Pacific oceans." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012MON20029/document.
Tuna and tuna-like fisheries represent 7.9% of the global production of marine capture fisheries. Most tuna stocks are fully exploited and some overexploited, facing growing fishing pressures. Due to the extent of fishing grounds, stock assessments depend largely in commercial data, which vary over time because fishermen may invest in fishing technology, expand offshore, or start fishing in different areas. However, little attention has received the responses of fishermen facing management regulations or the effects resulting from technological investment. For these reasons the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of fishing strategies developed by purse seine fleets on tropical tunas and on associated fauna in the eastern Atlantic and eastern Pacific oceans. The continuous introduction of new fishing technology in the French fleet in the 1980s and the 1990s evidenced a direct increase in fishing power when large yellowfin in free-swimming school is targeted and likely an indirect effect by modifying the fishing grounds characterizing FAD-fishing on small size categories. The consequences of the two time-area closures on the spatio-temporal dynamics of the European Union fleet were investigated. The regulation on FADs resulted in a decrease in the days with catch and successful squares inside the restricted area, reallocating FAD-fishing outside the area while no change in free-swimming school fishing was observed. The no-take time-area increased all fishing activities outside the restricted area with apparently no gain in terms of protection of juveniles. In the eastern Pacific as a response to a closed season the Mexican fleet reduced days in port and consequently the number of sets on dolphin-associated schools increased, maintaining the catch levels observed before the regulation. The study of the effects of the EU fleet fishing strategies on bycatch over two time periods showed that the species composition of sharks caught on FADs and may be for rays caught on free-swimming schools changed over time. We also estimated the total number of species that can be potentially be caught by fishing mode
Bellenger, Marie Cheree. "Prendre au sérieux les loisirs de prédation : chasse, pêche, cueillette et naturalisme dans l'estuaire de la Seine." Thesis, Normandie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NORMR009/document.
This thesis proposes to question hunters, anglers, gatherers and wildlife watchers as part of the network which preserve the natural spaces around the river Seine estuary. The conceptual framework is based on North American sociology of leisure. These activities are considered according to the Serious Leisure Perspective. Through a methodology that combines ethnography, interviews and survey, these activities are described as support for volunteering.The analysis links the practice of predation with ecological convictions. Leisure is also used as a communication medium and help creating a consistent network to preserve nature
Grancher, Romain. "Les usages de la mer : droit, travail et ressources dans le monde de la pêche à Dieppe (années 1720-années 1820)." Rouen, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ROUEL025.
This thesis aims to analyze the functioning of the world of fishing in Dieppe (Normandy) during the 18th century according to three research fields: labor history, environmental history and legal history. It begins with a presentation of the place, the challenges and the sources of this inquiry. It turns out that the labor field was considered as a “commons situation” that was organized by the actors of the community in order to take possession of the sea resources, in which the admiralty jurisdiction played a key role. It was indeed invested by the fishermen themselves with respect to regulation, certification and legitimization. In the second part, the comparison between petitions or check registers and small claims court reports, provides us with an insight into fishing as an activity regulated by practice, rules and institutions that were recognized by the people from that community. We then examine how fish resources were being concretely owned with a study of the transactions engaged by sailors, skippers and ship-owners’ associations according to a share system. Finally, we see how sea resources were being organized during two different time periods where regulation was very important: between 1720 and 1730, and during the Bourbon Restoration. The analysis of those various controversies – of use, interest or expertise – allows us to understand how laws intended for a general use apply to the specific situations in local communities. This work intends to highlight how norms are created and how they become rules in the Ancien Régime society, where the normative systems are not only concurrent, but also heterogeneous
Levert, Florence. "Revitalisation festive et conflits de mémoire : Saint-Pierre des marins et Messe-Souvenir de Fécamp." Paris 10, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA100141.
At the end of the 19th century in Fécamp, the Newfoundland fishing shipowners formed a separate social class that was organized in unions and charitable societies. They also created the Saint-Pierre Feast. Celebrated just before the fishing season, the Saint-Pierre Feast gathered many different groupings: shipowners, fishermen, state representatives, clergy members and so on. In a spirit of unity, this Feast built a sense of belonging, a collective memory and helped to maintain the social structure and hierarchies. It also created a social domination which was able to make the seamen accept many things, even the idea of their own death at sea. Today, even though cod fishing has disappeared in Fécamp and a new economy is developing based on the maritime past, former Newfoundlanders are gathering in order to make their Feast live again. The commemoration respects the Saint-Pierre feast rituals. It allows the elders to prove that they were there and are the only legitimate owners of this past now considered as a real capital. Performing the rites of yesteryear, the commemoration possesses functions that the Saint-Pierre Feast did not. We can say that the singularity of the current Feast lies in its claim of trustworthiness to the former rituals. The commemoration, that repeats the non-subversive Saint-Pierre feast rituals, creates a feeling of violence because of the disappearing memory and so gives the seaman, with the prospect of his coming death, a social status he never had before. Until this memory slips from his clutches
Stemmer, Bernd. "Parasiten der Ichthyofauna einiger ausgewählter Bäche der Senne." [S.l. : s.n.], 2002. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=966095596.
Deligne, Chloé. "Bruxelles et le bassin de la Senne: gestion hydraulique et dynamiques urbaines (Moyen Age - 19e siècle)." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211726.
Samba, Alassane, and Francis Laloë. "La pêche artisanale au Sénégal : ressource et stratégie de pêche." Paris 11, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA112153.
In Senegal, waters of the continental shelf are very productive, due to a seasonal upwelling responsible of fish stocks migrations. The progressive setting up of a stratified sampling system (with subsampling in each stratum) for collecting a great number of parameters takes into account the main artisanal fishery characteristics. Data processing gives up results on fishing effort, catch per unit of effort and total landings. Methodological tests are periodically conducted to improve sampling design. The main source of bias is discussed. This enhances the fact that increasing the strata number would lead to a variability of their size, due to the capacity of fishing units to alter their tactics according to circumstances. We deeply study fishing outings and results in Saint-Louis and Kayar by using statistical analysis and considering 3 periods between 1975 and 1987. We notice an important interannual variability in fishing effort characteristics and levels, and in catch per outing. We also show seasonal and annual variations in resource availability and landings related to upwelling dynamics. We then study population dynamics models through their ability to account for the main changes that have been noticed. We pay particular attention to the potential impact of a restricted access to the resource and to the models applying to the dynamics of the fishing fleet. We then suggest a simulation showing the evolution of a fishery similar to the artisanal fishery in Senegal, the fishing units of which have a strategy with a range of available tactics and a selection rule. We then study a fishery that would differ by its lesser adaptability. This finally allows us to deal with the analysis of artisanal fisheries planning problems
Laloë, Francis, and Alassane Samba. "La pêche artisanale au Sénégal : ressource et stratégie de pêche." Paris 11, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA112154.
In Senegal, waters of the continental shelf are very productive, due to a seasonal upwelling responsible of fish stocks migrations. The progressive setting up of a stratified sampling system (with subsampling in each stratum) for collecting a great number of parameters takes into account the main artisanal fishery characteristics. Data processing gives up results on fishing effort, catch per unit of effort and total landings. Methodological tests are periodically conducted to improve sampling design. The main source of bias is discussed. This enhances the fact that increasing the strata number would lead to a variability of their size, due to the capacity of fishing units to alter their tactics according to circumstances. We deeply study fishing outings and results in Saint-Louis and Kayar by using statistical analysis and considering 3 periods between 1975 and 1987. We notice an important interanual variability in fishing effort characteristics and levels, and in catch per outing. We also show seasonal and annual variations in resource availability and landings related to upwelling dynamics. We then study population dynamics models through their ability to account for the main changes that have been noticed. We pay particular attention to the potential impact of a restricted access to the resource and to the models applying to the dynamics of the fishing fleet. We then suggest a simulation showing the evolution of a fishery similar to the artisanal fishery in Senegal, the fishing units of which have a strategy with a range of available tactics and a selection rule. We then study a fishery that would differ by its lesser adaptability. This finally allows us to deal with that analysis of artisanal fisheries planning problems
Jaonalison, Henitsoa. "Les premiers stades de vie des poissons dans le SO de Madagascar : éléments pour une meilleure connaissance de la biodiversité et une meilleure gestion des ressources exploitées." Thesis, La Réunion, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LARE0030.
Marine ecosystems which provide multiple ecosystem services essential to human well-being are currently threatened by resources overexploitation and the use of destructive fishing gears. This leads to a global loss of 20% of mangroves, 19% of coral reefs, and 110 km2 per year of seagrass meadows. The coastal habitats that support up to 20% of global fisheries production are the most affected, particularly in least developed countries such as Madagascar. In this country, 87% of coral reef are threatened, particularly in the southwestern part of the island where small-scale fishermen practice juveniles fishing. A better knowledge of the ecology of young fishes is thus a key point for the implementation of effective and robust measures. The present work was centred on early developmental stages of fish identified using DNA barcoding. Identifications to the species level were used to predict the post-larvae supply and to discover the variability in juveniles recruitment that appears to be related to the alteration of post-larvae supply. In total, 387 species have been observed with nine new species for Madagascar. The interests and limitations of DNA barcoding are widely discussed in Chapter 1. Post-larvae supply was better predicted by the remotely sensed oceanic conditions with an accuracy of 60% for species richness and 50% for abundance. However, the performance of models for predicting abundance appears to be influenced by the characteristics of water masses that are different among sites, while the performance of models for predicting species richness appears similar between the sites (discussed in Chapter 2). The remotely sensed oceanic conditions better explained the post-larval fish assemblages. However, these oceanic conditions structure mostly the post-larval fish assemblages in water masses with coastal water characteristics than those in waters with ocean characteristics (discussed in Chapter 3). The period of juvenile recruitment as well as juvenile assemblages differ among years. These interannual variabilities were also observed on post-larvae supply which were conditioned by the interannual variation of oceanic conditions. This suggests that alterations in post-larvae supply influence the temporal distribution of juvenile fish, which is a subject discussed in Chapter 4. The case of Siganidae recruitment, which seems to be strongly linked to post-larvae supply, is developed in the final discussion of this thesis. Likewise, the identification of nursery areas allows to propose management measures to deal with the local context that are also discussed
Evers-Senne, Jan-Friso [Verfasser]. "Plenoptic modelling and rendering of complex rigid scenes / Jan-Friso Evers-Senne." Kiel : Universitätsbibliothek Kiel, 2009. http://d-nb.info/1019865946/34.
LE, ROUX Sylvain. "Pêche et territoires au Sénégal." Phd thesis, Université de Nantes, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00010547.
Le, Roux Sylvain. "Pêche et territoires au Sénégal." Nantes, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005NANT3004.
The strong socialization of the Senegalese coast can be explained, among others, by the dynamism of dugout-fishing which has evolved from a traditional activity to an artisanal fishing in less than about fifty years. The territorial approach applied to three levels of spatial scale (fishing territories, halieutic poles and coastal territories) offers a better understanding of the relationship between the halieutic societies and the coastal zone. Based on a participative field approach, this work contributes to the thought on the integrated coastal zone management and the identity of the halieutic societies. It brings to the fore the discrepancy between the endogenous dynamics and the exogenous factors and so it raises the issue of the North-South relationship and proves the need for renewing the scientific and political approaches in the field of development
Huot, Michel. "Les "mordus de la pêche"; l'univers des amateurs de pêche à la ligne du Québec." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/294936.
Folly, Ameganvi Marc. "La pêche dans la Bas-Togo." Paris 4, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA040007.
Anoh, Kouassi Paul. "Pêche, aquaculture et développement en Côte d'Ivoire." Nantes, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007NANT3001.
Pichon, Jacques. "Les zones de pêche des chalutiers bigoudens." Brest, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992BRES1001.
The Bigouden region of Britany has about three hundred and twenty trawlers of which one hundred anf fifty deep-sea trawlers whose fishing areas range from off the west coast of eire down to the south of the bay of biscay. The other one hundred and seventy trawlers are bounding their fisheries to the north of the bay of Biscay. The choice of fishing grounds is determined by the nature of the sea-bed, the desired species of fish, the technical and human means available and the expected results. This choice is the first step in developping a fishing strategy. The location and mapping of the fishing area of each trawler allow different strategies to be described and compared
Kazour, Maria. "Active and passive biomonitoring tools for microplastics assessment in two highly polluted aquatic environments : case study of the Seine estuary and the Lebanese coast SOURCES OF MICROPLASTICS POLLUTION IN THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT: IMPORTANCE OF WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT AND COASTAL LANDFILL MICROPLASTICS POLLUTION ALONG THE LEBANESE COAST (EASTERN MEDITERRANEAN BASIN): OCCURRENCE IN SURFACE WATER, SEDIMENTS AND BIOTA SAMPLES JUVENILE FISH CAGING AS A TOOL FOR ASSESSING MICROPLASTICS CONTAMINATION IN ESTUARINE FISH NURSERY GROUNDS IS BLUE MUSSEL CAGING AN EFFICIENT METHOD FOR MONITORING ENVIRONMENTAL MICROPLASTICS POLLUTION?" Thesis, Littoral, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019DUNK0544.
Plastic fabrication is increasing worldwide in response to daily human demands. This mass production is linked to the immense plastic marine litter found all around the world: each synthetic material is meant to find its way back into the aquatic systems. Anthropogenic pressure and the immense human population, the lack of appropriate plastic treatment process and the growing industrial activities advocate their presence in the aquatic environments. These plastics are then found in the form of microplastics (microscopic particle with a size < 5 mm) observed in the water, in the sediments and are prone to be ingested by various marine organisms along the trophic chain. This thesis focuses on (1) assessing microplastics sources and input into the aquatic environment and their occurrence in biota, and (2) to test the feasibility of using transplanted organisms (caging) for monitoring microplastics pollution in the marine coastal environment. Two coastal areas highly impacted by anthropogenic pressures were studied: Le Havre in France and the Lebanese coast. For the former, the role of a municipal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluent and an abandoned coastal landfill as pathways for microplastics (MPs) input into the marine environment was assessed. MPs were first analyzed in raw sewage influent, sludge and effluent samples, and their fate was studied along a distance gradient from the WWTP in three matrices: surface water, sediments and wild mussels (Mytilus spp). MPs were found in all matrices with a decreasing abundance from the effluent. Strong MPs abundances (higher than those found near the WWTP effluent) were observed in the vicinity of the coastal landfill suggesting its importance as a MPs entry route into the marine coastal environment. Whereas for the Lebanese coast, we evaluated for the first time the MPs pollution in the seawater, sediments and two important seafood species (one pelagic fish: Engraulis encrasicolus and one bivalve: Spondylus spinosus). Results showed different patterns of MPs concentration in the analyzed matrices. The occurrence of MPs in the biota was high (83.4% and 86.3% in anchovies and spiny oysters, respectively). These results highlighted the high MPs pollution found in the Levantine Basin in comparison to other Western Mediterranean regions. In addition, the obtained results indicate the potential contribution of coastal landfills to this pollution. Most often microplastics studies involve collection of organisms’ samples from natural populations. In this thesis, we tested the feasibility of using transplanted organisms (caging) for monitoring microplastics’ pollution in the marine coastal environment. We developed caging experiments with juvenile European Flounder, Platichthys flesus, in estuarine nursery grounds and blue mussels, Mytilus edulis, in coastal marine environment. For each species, the abundance and characteristics (shape, size, color and type of polymers) of MPs ingested by caged individuals are compared with those ingested by wild individuals collected at the same site and with those found in their surrounding environment (surface water and sediments). Our results suggest that transplanted organisms (caging) may be a promising tool for MPs biomonitoring making monitoring more reliable with an accurate assessment of the biological effects of MPs over a predetermined exposure period
Thomas, Olivier. "De la pêche-chasse à la pêche-élevage : approches anthropologiques du changement technico-culturel dans le golfe de Gascogne-Biscaye." Bordeaux 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994BOR21019.
Title of the thesis : from fishing-hunting to fishing-breeding : anthropological approaches to technical and cultural change in the gulf of Gascoigne Biscay. This study does not analyze the growth of aquaculture but rather aims to grasp the basis of technical and cultural changes in coastal fishing. In parallel with the phenomenon of internal change, the emergence of a scientific community studying fishing is also observed. Paradoxically, the maritime community, which sees itself as an active counter-power, has gained in strength in this complex context
Moudilou, Herménégilde. "Les potentialités de la pêche artisanale au Congo." Toulouse 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988TOU10018.
There exist branches, sectors, or activities where traditional artisanal techniques can be "under-developing", this cannot be generalized to include the whole of the economy. Though a certain number of technical improvements, traditional artiesan can become efficient, from both an economic and financial point of view. This is especially true for fisching in the Congo (as well as for all the results of the west African coast). Improved artisan fishing surpasses those of traditional artisan fishing, and moreover, on the seeds where such improved artisan techniques are used, they obtain better results than industrial fishing techniques. Through adjustments at the level of artisanal transformation techniques and commercialisation, the development of a network of fish products can be based on this traditional artisan industry. With regards to this, a metaphore could be created with certain results from the study of complex forms, industrial fishing techniques would have a ro-nucleation threshold superior to the fish product network's ray, when the traditional artisan fishing information is not an organizational force
Guchan, Anne. "Le droit de la pêche en eau douce." Bordeaux 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988BOR1D009.
Fishing law in france has been modified by the law of june 29th 1984. The previous rules formed the subject of numerous criticals : maladjustement to the fishes biology, multiplicity of derogations and initial text has no more general statement the administrative management is complicated because it's dispersed between several authorities ; lack of interest from riverside residents and fishers in front of patrimony protection, hegemony from fishing associations. Fluvial fishing law tries to remedy theses problems and endeavours to elaborates not only fishing regulation but also aquatic environnemental protection
Oukhadou, Ali Ait. "Pêche, industrie et vie ouvrière à Agadir (Maroc)." Poitiers, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991POIT5010.
Based on a little portuguese trading post of the 16th century- founty- built during the first years of the frensh protectorate, agadir is to-day a town knowing a developpement economic growth. Its harbour can claim to be the most important fishing-harbour in morocco. The south coast of morocco is famous for having plenty of fish, industrial fishing being the main activity, but the increase of fishing being contemplated, it should promof more distant fishing. The traditional very active industrial kind of fishing has very early involved plants for the conservation of fish. Thirty years after it has been destroyed- an earthquake- agadir has multiplied its activities: tourisme, industries, fishing, agriculture. Its urban landscape reveals an extraordinary diversity, wich leads the population from rural origin to settle on the outskvits of the town, where people can live as they have always donne and keeps in touch with their tradiitonal background
Mavoungou, Valentin. "Le contentieux de la pêche en droit communautaire." Orléans, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986ORLE0009.
The fishing policy is one of the new policies drawn up by the community authorities with a view to reaching an essential objective of the treaty of rome, viz, to organize and develop all the economic sectors of the member-states of the e. E. C. Undeniably there lies behind this new policy a whole new set of problems which are particularly difficult to resolve coherently within the community, due to biological factors, difficulties arising from conflicting national interests and various international concerns. The basic community regulations, 2141 70 and 2142 70, of 20th october 1970, and even more so those of 3rd november 1976 recommended following the extension of com munity waters to 200 miles, have not been sufficient to change the customary behaviour of the member-states with regard to the fisheries. The degree of importance which member-states, being essentially coastal states attach to their national regulations regarding conservation and access to halieutic stocks makes the community "norm" difficult. This obviously creates a conflict of rules on the one hand, and divides the jurisdiction between the member-states and the community, on the other hand. The problem of the validity of conventional agreements made by member-states with third parties, with waters coming under the jurisdiction of such agreements be coming community waters, also poses itself, as does that of the integration and adaptation of the common fishing policy to international maritime law. It is within this legal maze that the problem of fishing disputes is raised in e. E. C law; a problem which the european community court of justice is striving to resolve, with the competence attributed to it by e. E. C treaty
Corlay, Jean-Pierre. "La pêche au Danemark : essai de géographie halieutique." Brest, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993BRES1001.
The force of Danish fishery (1,8 mt, the 3rd world fish products exporter) results from the setting up, during the 50s of a development strategy which aims at meeting the strong worldly demand for marine proteins. The production contrasts two channels : fishing for reduction, mainly catching sand-eel, norway pout and sprat from the north sea, and fishing for human consumption, where cod, plaice, norway lobster and herring are the predominant species. The success of Danish fishery relies on the nearby and abundant biological resources, a powerful halio-industrial complex, the valorization of the fish products, the efficiency of the professional organizations, an incentive aid from the state and synergy between public and private partners. The take-off during the 50s and the 60s has overbalanced the centre of gravity of the halieutic space from east to west, and has been a factor for the expansion of the peripheral areas in jutland. In the face of the difficulties caused by the establisment of the new international halieutic order (EEZ, common European fishery policy), new strategies are beeing tested
Boushaba, Abdelmadjid. "La pêche maritime dans les pays du Maghreb." Université Robert Schuman (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987STR30011.
Maritime fishing is an ancient activity which has experienced a prodigious expansion due to technical progress. However, the three Maghreb countries striving to develop sea fishing do not attach to it the same importance. The ticklish question of maritime law and the establishment of boundaries have been previously disputed; these encounters have somewhat governed its evolution. The classical notions of territorial sea (zone of the national souverainity) and of open sea (free zone) quickly become obsolete. In particular, freedom in open sea allonwing an anarchical and abusive exploitation of the biological resources, is calling into the question "de facto", from the increas in the coast countries and unilateral extensions of sovereignty which appear like an unorganized "sanction" against the situation; however their validity in international law is contestable, the 1982 Convention will sacrifficed the notion of an exclusive economic zone (e. E. Z. ) in which the borderer has an extended sphere regarding biological resources. Use of these resources is regulated by internal and international law provisions. The 1982 Convention laid down the general principles and attenmpted to institute a rational and equitable policy. The Maghreb countries are triying to protect these resources and promot the undher the national development interests. They adhere to the 1976 Convention of Barcelona relative to the war against pollution of the mediterranean sea, and are taking mesures to encourage the practice of fishing. International organization such as the f. A. O. And its committees are organizing a communal arrangment of these resources. On a limited level, the joint ventures society offer views to the Maghreb countries and are a privileged instrument in bilateral cooperation. On a governmental level, specific structures are created, aimed al stimulating the fishing industry
Delaire, Étienne. "Le rôle structurant du froid dans le milieu de la pêche en France 1850-1960." Nantes, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008NANT2059.
This thesis describes the cold structuring role in fisheries, primarily in France, for the period between 1900 to 1960 and leads us to study the chain of the processing industries of the fishes products, in all aspects. In all the activities of fishing, catching, transformation and marketing, the product conservation and/or transformation and their properties maintenance like food or as raw material for industry are of primary importance. The fishery products must thus receive the same attentions and precautions as of their capture that if they were intended to be consumed as fresh. The fishing industry uses throughout the studied period the cold to develop the study course, making it possible to reduce the losses after capture and the energy consumption by privileging the catching function compared to the transporting function, imposed by the distance of fishing places in the halieutic system. In the second part, the study of a particular technical course , the tuna fisheries, will show how the cold, by its capacity to abolish the distances concerning the conservation of the catches, was structuring. The specific techniques used in these types of transformation is related within food technology domain, and we will study which incidences had, for fisheries, the industrial cold development in the networks of production, storage, transformation and distribution of fish
Taleb, Abdeslam. "Pollution diffuse ou localisée des eaux de la Senne en amont de Tubize (Belgique) par les nutriments." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212206.
Le, Floc'H Pascal. "La mesure des performances économiques des entreprises de pêche." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université de Bretagne occidentale - Brest, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00440969.
Nadraoui, Mustapha. "La pêche maritime sur la façade atlantique du Maroc." Nancy 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991NAN21019.
Considering the world's increase in population, at the present day maritime resources are just as important as agricultural ones. Halieutic resources are becoming essential for countries with a maritime coastline to secure their future and to guarantee their need for food. Morocco benefits by an important strategic position. It opens out into the Atlantic Ocean as well as the Mediterranean and possesses 3000 km of coastline. Because of its position, Morocco must safeguard its halieutic richness and take all necessary measures to present maritime piracy by foreign fishing ships which are not authorized by the Moroccan government. The aim of our present study is to help develop the economical structure of maritime fishing, the technique of industrial changes, the marketing of fishing instruments and to make this sector more profitable for the country
David, Gilbert. "Pêche villageoise et alimentation au Vanuatu : exploration d'un système." Brest, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991BRES1002.
This thesis deals with the relationships between fisheries and food supply studied as a system. A first book deals with the regional, human and physical environnement of the system. The books 2 and 3 deals with an input and output flux analysis on the system's border. The fisheries food supply on 1984 is appraised to 4,322-4,885 t giving 415 t of proteins for the ni-Vanuata population whose yearly proteic needs are 2,332 t. The book 4 deals with the structural and fonctionnal causes of the fisheries product under-consumption. It is divided in three chapters. The first one deals with the distribution and conservation network whose problems are discussed. The second chapter deals with the demand including the family income and expeditures, the food evolution, the competition between the fresh fish and the tinned fish and the prospects for the demand increase. The last chapter deals with the scarcity of the fish supply. The prospects for the supply increase and the constraints on this development are discussed as the problems relative to the fisheries policy. The emphasis is put on the flexibility and the adaptability which should show every fisheries policy
Engouma, Georgette. "La pêche dans la région de l'estuaire (Libreville-Gabon)." Montpellier 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987MON30043.
In the context of a certain evolution and some transformations actually occuring in the estuary region, libreville as the capital city of gabon has made fishing a flourishing activity. In the present study we aim at analysing the conditions, the tools and technics involved in fishing, the fishermen as a social group, and the marketing of fishing products in the region and in the whole country as well. Being essentially traditional up to recent years, fishing is actually having a tendancy to modernize itself, managed as it is by associations of some rich natives (mostly members of the ruling power) with some foreign partners. We specially intended to focus on the kind of organization and mechanisms involved, in close keeping with the environment, the local traditions and the mixed population of the country. So the main interest of this study lies in the physical environment, that is, the sea and its management, and in the evolution or the future of the coast as its activities in an underdeveloped country are concerned
Bereau-Duquesne, Martine. "La pêche au sardinal à Collioure : ethnologie d'une disparition." Paris 10, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA100004.
Lukomski, Jerzy. "La filière pêche en Pologne : essai de géographie halieutique." Nantes, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995NANT3008.
The main aim of this thesis is to present the current state of the polish fishing industry and its prospects in the new socio-economic conditions in the country and the increasingly restricted access to ocean fishing banks. The author tries to show that under the circumstances the polish fishing industry could gradually lose its oceanic character and become increasingly regional. The fishing industry is a particularly complex and necessarily multidisciplinary domain. Its working mechanisms are subject to the influence, at one and the same time, of many distinct factors. Since it its hardly possible to analyse the fishing industry without first seeing just how it functions, the first part of the study is devoted to the basic bioand socio-economic processes wihich are specific to the field. At the same time, this introduction provides the theoretical basis for reflection on the practical aspects of the polish fishing industry
Pointin, Fabien. "Etude spatiale des données collectées à bord des navires de pêche : en quoi est-elle pertinente pour la gestion des rejets de la pêche ?" Thesis, Rennes, Agrocampus Ouest, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NSARH106/document.
Since 2002, the European Union (EU) Members States collect, manage and supply data forthe management of fisheries and specifically of discards. In this context, at-sea observer programmes collect data on-board fishing vessels on the composition and quantity of catch, including discards. Based on these data, this study aims to analyse the spatio-temporal distribution of landings and discards so as to contribute to their management. In doing so, amapping method based on nested grids has been developed. This method has been designed to produce pluriannual, annual and quarterly maps of landings and discards per species or group of species according to the fishing metier.A platform based on Big Data technologies has then been used with the objectives of refining and automating the mapping method. Using an online storage system and a high-performance computing system, a large number of maps were produced automatically per métier, grouping or not years, quarters and species. Finally, the usefulness of the produced maps for managing discards has been demonstrated, particularly regarding the Landing Obligation (Regulation (UE) n° 1380/2013). Based on fleet cost and revenue data, these maps open up possibilities for identifying fishing zones and/or periods to be avoided (i.e., high bycatch) while minimising the impacts on fleet’s economic performances
Tosello-Bancal, François. "L'évolution de la pêche de la sardine sur le littoral français." Paris 4, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA040010.
The European pilchard (sardina pilchardus walbaum) was plentifully fished, in France, during the past century; mainly along the coasts of south Brittany and Vendée. In 1910, they counted up to 37 maritime quarters with 84 ports, to fish the pilchard. There were also about 188 canning factories to work the pilchard. Today, there are no more than 13 maritime quarters with 25 ports, to fish this species and 25 canning factories working the pilchard. Atlantic production overtook the Mediterranean one before 1960. Since this date, the tendency reversed. The aim of this thesis is the study of different factors (biology, economy, catching techniques, etc. ) Explaining this evolution, or else, the decline of the pilchard-fishing in France. It also wants to show the real situation of this activity, in France, in this end of the twentieth century
Khaled, Ramez. "Optimisation des engins de pêche en terme d'économie de carburant." Phd thesis, Université de Bretagne occidentale - Brest, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00788335.
Marty, Lise. "Changements adaptatifs induits par la pêche chez les populations halieutiques." Rennes, Agrocampus Ouest, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011NSARH083.
Fishing is an important source of mortality in harvested populations and therefore may induce adaptive responses. These responses affect life-history traits in particular, which have consequences for stocks’ dynamics, and thus can alter the demographic direct effect of fishing (i. E. The reduction in stock’s biomass). Fishing-induced adaptive changes depend, nonexclusively, on two processes: evolution and phenotypic plasticity. These two components are observed at the phenotypic level because functional genes coding for the traits undergoing adaptive changes have not yet been identified. These two origins are confounded in individual phenotypes, and the impact of adaptive changes in the long run remains therefore unclear: evolutionary changes are expected to be slowly and/or hardly reversible, whereas plastic ones are in principle reversible in one generation. Furthermore, because it decreases total population size, fishing may also accelerate the rate of genetic drift that affects the neutral and functional genetic composition of harvested populations. This thesis is about adaptive changes in life-history traits induced by fishing, with a special focus on age and size at maturation and a case study on North Sea gadoids. It comprises four parts. Chapter 1 introduces North Sea gadoids from which four species (cod, haddock, whiting, and Norway pout) are used as model species throughout the thesis. The chapter presents briefly their systematics, life history, biology, ecology, and exploitation together with the ecosystem of the North Sea. Chapter 2 is a theoretical study of the evolution of maturation reaction norms under the influence of environmental co-variation in individual somatic growth and mortality due to various types of relationships (positive and negative, linear and nonlinear, deterministic and probabilistic). Results show that evolutionarily optimal age at maturation is the sum of a density-independent and a density-dependent component and that along any growth trajectory, individuals mature earlier when mortality is higher. This result allows to deduce how the shapes of evolutionarily optimal maturation reaction norms depend on the covariation between growth and mortality. This part is published in The American Naturalist (Marty, L. ,U. Dieckmann, M. J. Rochet, and B. Ernande. 2011. Impact of environmental covariation in growth and mortality on evolving maturation reaction norms. The American Naturalist 177:E98-E118). In chapter 3, an empirical case study is proposed, which aims at disentangling plastic and evolutionary changes in temporal trends in age and size at maturation of four species of North Sea gadoids (cod, haddock, Norway pout, and whiting). Data time series spanning from 1971 to 2005 are analysed using probabilistic maturation reaction norms. Our findings support that not all changes in the reaction norm can be explained by environmental factors, and thus that evolution of maturation is plausible in cod and haddock but not in whiting and Norway pout. In agreement with theoretical predictions, the maturation response seems to vary according to species’ life history strategy suggesting a higher sensitivity of fast-growing, late- and largematuring species exhibiting moderate reproductive effort. This part has been submitted to and rejected without prejudice by Evolutionary Applications, with an invitation to resubmit a revised version. Revisions will be made during summer 2011. Chapter 4 theoretically analyses the interplay between neutral and adaptive evolution in the context of fishing, as well as the use of neutral markers to infer population structure properties. This is realized by developing a model accounting for the temporal changes in the - i - distribution of neutral and coding loci together with realistic ecological settings. Results indicate that fishing reduces neutral genetic diversity as measured by effective population size, and that this reduction is linearly related to decreases in many important demographic properties (population size, number of mature individuals, recruitment, spawning stock biomass, and population total fecundity). Furthermore, fishing induces an erosion of adaptive potential through genetic drift alone or in combination with selection, preventing evolutionary recovery of life history traits when fishing pressure is removed. In the synthesis, I compare the theoretical and empirical variations of maturation reaction norms obtained in this thesis. I recall the main results, indicating that fishing-induced maturation evolution is the likeliest hypothesis for North Sea cod and haddock, and that both neutral and functional genetic diversity may have been eroded by fishing. I list the management tools known for their efficacy to mitigate evolutionary effects and discuss their applications for the North Sea gadoids stocks
Turan, Fuat. "La pêche sur le littoral turc de la Mer Noire." Montpellier 3, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986MON30007.
Makoure, Dounia. "Valorisation des coproduits de pêche par extrusion réactive en biocombustible." Thesis, Nantes, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NANT4056.
The increase of energy demand and the limitation of oil resources explain the need to find a new alternative to fossil fuels. The chemical composition and energy content of fish by-products offer the potential to transform them into biodiesel. The main objective of this thesis is the valorization of these by-products into biofuel by using the reactive extrusion process. For this purpose, three types of fishby-products (salmon, trout and sardine) were investigated by using the reactive extrusion process.To realize this objective, three types of fish coproducts (salmon, trout and sardine) were valorized by enzymatic hydrolysis in reactive extrusion. The experimental study allowed to optimize the process and to highlight the gains made compared to the batch process: oil extraction efficiency, time and reagent savings. The oil phases extracted from the abovementioned process were analyzed to choosethe oil that represents properties similar to biodiesel. The study of fatty acid profiling and triglyceride contents in the three types of oil has shown that salmon oil is the most suitable oil for biodiesel production. The parameters of the transesterification reaction of salmon oil to biodiesel have been optimized. The characterization of biodiesel produced from this oil has properties similar to those of conventional diesel in accordance with European EN14214 and American ASTM D6751 standards
Colléter, Mathieu. "Impacts de la pêche sur le fonctionnement trophique des écosystèmes marins : une approche comparative basée sur des modèles trophodynamiques." Rennes, Agrocampus Ouest, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014NSARH092.
Faced with the global overexploitation of marine resources and the rapid degradation of ecosystems’ integrity, many states agreed to the principle of an ecosystem approach to fisheries (EAF). In fact, overfishing induces strong decrease of targeted species biomass, which impact predators, their competitors, prey, and ultimately the ecosystems’ trophic networks. Thus, it is an important challenge to understand the trophic functioning of marine ecosystems and the related impacts of fisheries. In this spirit, my thesis was developed to address concerns about the potential impacts of fisheries on the underlying trophic functioning, and to better understand this trophic functioning and its variability through ecosystems. Two well-known trophodynamic models were used: Ecopath with Ecosim (EwE) and EcoTroph (ET). First, I developed EcoBase, i. E. , an online repository to gather and communicate information from EwE models, which enabled to give a global overview of the applications of the EwE modeling approach. Then, the ET model was corrected and standardized through the creation of a software package in R. A new trophic control, i. E. , foraging arena (FA) trophic control, was integrated to study its impacts on trophic flows and fishing effects on aquatic ecosystem trophic networks. I showed that that making ecosystem behavior more realistic by incorporating FA controls into EcoTroph decreased the resistance and the production of modeled ecosystems facing increasing fishing mortality. An analysis of case studies focusing on marine protected areas (MPAs) was then performed using EwE and ET. I analyzed the potential spillover effect from three MPAs, and showed that their potential exports were at the same order of magnitude as the amount of catch that could have been obtained inside the reserve. Finally, a meta-analysis of marine ecosystem trophic iii functioning was conducted using 127 EwE models, which showed that ecosystem types were distinguished by different biomass trophic spectra and associated trophic indices. These differences were mainly driven by different production, but also kinetic for some ecosystem types. In conclusion, trophodynamic models, as EwE and ET, appeared to be useful tools to better understand the trophic functioning of marine ecosystems, its variability through ecosystems, and the associated impacts of fisheries
Nam, Samba. "Societe et economie de la peche maritime au senegal." Toulouse 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988TOU20070.
Senegalese economy is stiffled by the fimsiness of its food cover and the competitive action on pea nut and phosphate on the international market-however the senegalese coast is abounding in fish and its fishing activity is a strong one. This activity which supplies the country with food also creates employment and secures foreign currency. Two different types of fishing can be found : - artisanal fishing is organised by fishermen communities of sea culture and tradition who are settled along the coast. Its purpose is to answer domestic needs. - industrial fishing - based in dakar - must lead to setting the balance of trade. - fishermen, government, senegalese society and economy are all highly concerned by fishing
Hübner, Jörg [Verfasser], L. [Akademischer Betreuer] Gramlich, L. [Gutachter] Gramlich, H. [Gutachter] Senne, and P. [Gutachter] Müssig. "Multimediadienste - verfassungsrechtliche Einordnung und einfach-gesetzliche Regulierung - / Jörg Hübner ; Gutachter: L. Gramlich, H. Senne, P. Müssig ; Betreuer: L. Gramlich." Chemnitz : Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2000. http://d-nb.info/1211348016/34.
Couliou, Jean-René. "Les ports de pêche hauturière de Bretagne méridionale : étude géographique de la mutation d'un système halieutique." Brest, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996BRES1002.
Southern Brittany fishing harbours are faced with a painful transformation. Following space organization and several disruptions during two centuries, the fishermen and their organization have controlled the system during the last time of prosperity (1980-1990) based on large wet trawlers fishing, in contradiction with the industrial and trade dynamics, started in 19th century because of fish canning industry. South Brittany vessels have enjoyed considerable financial supports ; including national, regional and europen subsidies, and very favourable conditions from the credit maritime (the major fishermen bank), semi-industriel and artisanal investments became more and more important while the own capital stayed at a low level. So the shipowners have been heavily indebted when the landings dropped because of overfishing after 1985 and more strongly because of prices collapsus in 1993 and 1994. These years, violent operations took place, especially the sackages at rungis and the figthy demonstration in Rennes. Emergency measures had been taken in 1993 and 1994 for appeasement. Structural adaptations are however necessary to stabilize the fishery sector in a region highly dependent on fishing. Indeed the fishmarket commands now a new system. As the legislation (fleet capacity according to ressources and m. A. G. P. , european policy), it orders to the fishermen and harbours many changes. Structural adaptations try to save a main activity. The fleet and the number of fishermen decrease. Some companies have difficulties to complete their crews. The harbours built new infrastructures and imagine how it is possible to guarantee quality, to know the catches before landing. They also try to limit the effect of the distance between the fisheries and the market but the changes sacrify activity, entreprises and fishers who also lost a part of liberty. The spatial scheme is save but it is not so strong than the old arrangement
Salanié, Julien. "Analyse économique d’une activité récréative : la pêche au saumon en France." Rennes, Agrocampus Ouest, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006NSARE024.
For forty years, the number of anglers in rivers has been constantly decreasing. Neither the angling associations in charge of recreational fishing in rivers, or the public and halieutic policies allowed to limiting this decline. In this thesis, were are interested in the economic inefficiencies potentially affecting recreational fishing. The economic analysis of the institutions and of fishing management shows that present policies favour riparian landowners fishing rights renunciation to the profit of angling associations which manage these rights under “open-access” by maintaining low prices. Consequently, we expect to observe “tragedy of the commons” situations characterised by a too high frequentation of the best rivers because access is not limited. We also expect to see a loss in environmental services because landowners are not any more incited to maintain rivers’quality. The demand for recreational fishing is used to quantify the impact of three externalities on salmon anglers’ welfare in western France : obstacle to migration, river congestion and agricultural pollution
Nzomono, Macaire. "Communautés halieutiques et pêche artisanale maritime en République populaire du Congo." Montpellier 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987MON30024.
The first part of our thesis deals with the physical and human frame of the congolese maritime littoral. The second part stresses on the means and engines of production of the craft fishing and the organisation of the fishing activity toward each port, by insisting on the three principal ports which have been the subject of our survey by questionnaire : pointe-noire, matombi and pointe-indienne. The commercialisation and soncuption of the sea-fish have been analysed in the third part of our thesis. The survey which we have conducted with the consumers of pointe-noire has confirmed the primordial place of the sea-fish in the diet of the congolese people. At last, the fourth part sets up the place of the craft fishing and the exploitation of the congolese halieutic ressources vefore questioning ourselves about the different possibilities of its developing
Pillet, Corinne. "Les accords de pêche dans le nouveau droit de la mer." Nice, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987NICE0012.
The 1982 convention on the law of the sea has established a new juridical order on the oceans. The emergence of the concept of exclusive economic zone has completely transformed the fishing system between the states. The developed states had for years fishing relations between them. With the establishment of the exclusive economic zone, fishing agreements strictly regulate fishing of the third parties. They associate them to the development of the living resources of the zone. In the frame of this cooperation, commercial concessions as counterpart for the access right have an increasing part. The approach is quite different in the relations between the developing countries and the developed countries. The former Give the developed countries the right to fish in their exclusive economic zone on condition that the latter contribute for the development of the fishing sector. The conclusion of joint ventures for the exploitation, the factoring and the marketing of the captures or the aid for the scientific research in the field of the conservation aimed at this goal. Developing countries have progressively achieved to settle balanced relations with developed countries in giving up the reciprocity. This balance is not always archived in the fishing relations between developing countries. In some cases, development gap between the parties is taken in consideration to regulate their fishing relations and a genuine cooperation can be established between them, that is to say an economic, scientific technical cooperation in the field of the fisheries. In other cases, the cooperation mechanisms that are selected by the countries are not adapted to the development level of one of them; consequently the agreements are applied with great difficulties
Curtil, Olivier. "Le régime juridique de la pêche dans la bande côtière française." Brest, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001BRES5001.
The fishing which practices in a maritime band situated near the coasts of France always seemed to be of a particular nature. The State very early intended to practice exclusives rights for the purposes of the exploitation and the conservation of the fishing resources in this space. Whereas in the XXth century considerable extension of the movement of national appropriation of these resources appeared to push aside the idea of a specific treatment of the fishing in the coastal band, on the contrary, the implementation of a common fisheries policy within the framework of the European Community seems to update such an evidence