Relevant bibliographies by topics / Pedestrian areas Pedestrian areas Pedestrian areas

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Pedestrian areas Pedestrian areas Pedestrian areas'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 5 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Pedestrian areas Pedestrian areas Pedestrian areas"

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Park, Seung-Hoon, and Min-Kyung Bae. "Exploring the Determinants of the Severity of Pedestrian Injuries by Pedestrian Age: A Case Study of Daegu Metropolitan City, South Korea." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 7 (March 31, 2020): 2358. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17072358.

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Pedestrian-vehicle crashes can result in serious injury to pedestrians, who are exposed to danger when in close proximity to moving vehicles. Furthermore, these injuries can be considerably serious and even lead to death in a manner that varies depending on the pedestrian’s age. This is because the pedestrian’s physical characteristics and behaviors, particularly in relation to roads with moving vehicles, differ depending on the pedestrian’s age. This study examines the determinants of pedestrian injury severity by pedestrian age using binary logistic regression. Factors in the built environment, such as road characteristics and land use of the places where pedestrian crashes occurred, were considered, as were the accident characteristics of the pedestrians and drivers. The analysis determined that the accident characteristics of drivers and pedestrians are more influential in pedestrian-vehicle crashes than the factors of the built environmental characteristics. However, there are substantial differences in injury severity relative to the pedestrian’s age. Young pedestrians (aged under 20 years old) are more likely to suffer serious injury in school zones; however, no association between silver zones and injury severity is found for elderly pedestrians. For people in the age range of 20–39 years old, the severity of pedestrian injuries is lower in areas with more crosswalks and speed cameras. People in the age range of 40–64 years old are more likely to be injured in areas with more neighborhood streets and industrial land use. Elderly pedestrians are likely to suffer fatal injuries in areas with more traffic signals. This study finds that there are differences in the factors of pedestrian injury severity according to the age of pedestrians. Therefore, it is suggested that concrete and efficient policies related to pedestrian age are required to improve pedestrian safety and reduce pedestrian-vehicle crashes.
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Sun, Shi, Cheng Sun, Dorine C. Duives, and Serge P. Hoogendoorn. "Deviation of Pedestrian Path due to the Presence of Building Entrances." Journal of Advanced Transportation 2021 (June 29, 2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5594738.

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Commercial areas, especially urban ones with numerous buildings, are becoming increasingly prone to congestion because of their popularity. Visual inspections show that interactions between pedestrians and building entrances affect the distribution of pedestrian trajectories, which influences the utility of pedestrian spaces and the design of urban shopping areas. Herein, we analyse the dynamics of pedestrian deviations around building entrances. We used a video recorded using an unmanned aerial vehicle to determine pedestrian trajectories in a Chinese commercial walking space. First, the candidate variables affecting deviation behaviours were determined via correlation testing. Second, two regression models were developed by considering the deviation behaviours of pedestrians walking past a building entrance. The models suggest that the starting position of a pedestrian’s deviation, the total pedestrian flow at the building entrance, the density in an area in the vicinity of the entrance, and the number of interacting pedestrians impact the total distance traversed during path deviation.
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Budzynski, Marcin, Anna Gobis, Lucyna Guminska, Lukasz Jelinski, Mariusz Kiec, and Piotr Tomczuk. "Assessment of the Influence of Road Infrastructure Parameters on the Behaviour of Drivers and Pedestrians in Pedestrian Crossing Areas." Energies 14, no. 12 (June 15, 2021): 3559. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14123559.

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Pedestrians are participants and, most likely, fatalities in every third road traffic accident in Poland. Over 30% of all fatalities on Polish roads are pedestrians. Accidents with pedestrians are very often the result of various factors related to the infrastructure and behaviour of pedestrians and drivers. The objective of the work was to assess driver and pedestrian behaviour in pedestrian crossing areas. The research also served as a pilot study for similar work to be conducted across Poland, and constituted the basis for monitoring the behaviour of road users in the area of pedestrian crossings. Parameters which must be analysed were identified on the basis of field studies. Principles of selecting test sites were adopted, and measurement methods for pedestrian crossing areas are presented. The influence of the location of the selected test cross-section infrastructure parameters on the behaviour of road users in pedestrian crossing areas is demonstrated. The results of the study will be used as a basis for new solutions involving pedestrian crossing infrastructure designed to improve pedestrian safety. The results were also used in formulating new regulations for the design and maintenance of pedestrian crossings and recommendations for road safety auditors.
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Ivan, Kinga, József Benedek, and Silviu Ciobanu. "School-Aged Pedestrian–Vehicle Crash Vulnerability." Sustainability 11, no. 4 (February 25, 2019): 1214. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11041214.

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The analysis of pedestrian–vehicle crashes makes a significant contribution to sustainable pedestrian safety. Existing research is based mainly on the statistical analysis of traffic crashes involving pedestrians and their causes, without the identification of areas vulnerable to traffic crashes that involve pedestrians. The main aim of this paper is to identify areas vulnerable to school-aged pedestrian–vehicle crashes at a local level to support the local authorities in implementing new urban traffic safety measures. The vulnerable areas were determined by computing the severity index (SI) based on the number of fatal, serious, and slight casualties throughout the 2011–2016 period in a large urban agglomeration (Bucharest). As well as the vulnerable areas, the triggering factors and the time intervals related to school-aged pedestrian–vehicle crashes were identified. The outcomes of the study showed that the vulnerable areas were concentrated only in districts 2 and 4 of Bucharest, and they were associated with high vehicle speed and pedestrians’ unsafe crossing behavior. The findings revealed that speed and age are triggering factors in generating school-aged pedestrian–vehicle crashes. The identified time peaks with a high number of traffic crashes correspond to the afternoon time intervals, when scholars go home from school. The identification of the areas vulnerable to school-aged pedestrian crashes may help local authorities in identifying and implementing measures to improve traffic safety in large urban agglomerations.
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Papadimitriou, Eleonora, George Yannis, and John Golias. "Analysis of Pedestrian Road Crossing Behaviour in Urban Areas." International Journal of Operations Research and Information Systems 5, no. 2 (April 2014): 40–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijoris.2014040103.

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The objective of this research is the analysis of pedestrians behaviour along entire trips in urban road networks, with focus on their interaction with the traffic and the road environment while crossing roads. For this purpose, a special field survey was designed and carried out, which involved the recording of pedestrians road crossing behaviour along entire trips in real time by means of camera in motion at the centre of Athens, Greece. Based on the results of the field survey, an analysis of road crossing behaviour of pedestrians is presented, concerning characteristics of the trips, the pedestrians, the road environment and the traffic conditions. The results indicate that basic parameters of pedestrian trips (i.e. trip length, walking speed, number of crossings) can be described by appropriate probability distributions. They also reveal a tendency of pedestrians to cross either in the beginning or in the end of the trip, an increased probability of crossing at signalized junctions when these are available, and increased probability of crossing at mid-block in low traffic volume and on one-way roads. Furthermore, there is an overall tendency of pedestrians cross to at mid-block when the road and traffic conditions are favourable. On the contrary, more traffic lanes and increased traffic volume appear to discourage pedestrians from accepting important interaction with the vehicles and to lead them towards the choice of protected crossing locations. The proposed data collection method and the results of the analysis can be exploited in further research for the development of models of pedestrian crossing behaviour along entire trips in urban areas.
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Guo, Rui, Chunfu Xin, Pei-Sung Lin, and Achilleas Kourtellis. "Mixed Effects Logistic Model to Address Demographics and Neighborhood Environment on Pedestrian Injury Severity." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2659, no. 1 (January 2017): 174–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2659-19.

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This paper examines the effects of demographics and neighborhood environment on pedestrian injury severity to inform proactive countermeasures for improving pedestrian safety. A mixed effects logistic model addressing unobserved heterogeneity was developed from 3,948 pedestrian-involved crashes that occurred in Florida from 2011 to 2014. Six normally distributed random parameters were identified to reflect random effects on the pedestrian injury severity. The heterogeneity of two demographic factors (older and male pedestrians) suggested the need for more customized education programs to improve pedestrian safety awareness and knowledge, especially for older pedestrians. Relative to low-income areas, 67.7% of pedestrians involved in crashes in higher-income areas were less likely to sustain severe injury. Analysis of sample data also indicated that low-income areas tended to have had more unsafe behaviors by pedestrians related to higher injury severity (e.g., crossing at dark in unlighted areas). Higher-income areas tended to have had more unsafe behaviors by drivers related to higher injury severity (e.g., distracted driving). Other significant factors included lighting conditions (daylight, darkness without lighting), speed limit, alcohol or drug impairment, dart or dash behavior, crossing indicator, and traffic control device indicator. Regarding neighborhood land use types, two indicators about the presence of bus stops and department stores or supermarkets nearby were significant, and their effects were also random. Further investigations are needed to identify systematically the need for effective countermeasures in severe injury crash clusters in the future.
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Tian, Renran, Stanley Chien, Yaobin Chen, and Rini Sherony. "Pedestrian Moving Patterns during Potential Conflicts with 110 On-Road Driving Vehicles." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 63, no. 1 (November 2019): 2036–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1071181319631434.

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As the most commonly seen vulnerable road users, protection and interaction with pedestrians are key functionalities in vehicle active safety and self-driving research areas. Development and evaluation of such systems require deeper understanding of pedestrian behaviors, especially motion patterns, in different driving environments. Traditionally, most of the pedestrian movement studies rely on fixed roadside cameras in specific road locations with higher pedestrian density, like intersections and junctions. Although these studies can provide information to describe pedestrian walking behavior and vehicle-pedestrian interactions in micro and macro levels, there are two main limitations. Firstly, pedestrian movement data are rarely collected from the vehicle’s point of view, which makes some critical variables difficult to be collected related to pedestrian initial appearance situation. Secondly, insufficient data are acquired to cover low- pedestrian-density road environments like mid-block, rural areas, and small un-controlled intersections. In this study, we focus on three important pedestrian movement variables including appearance distances, initial time-to-collision, and crossing speed under different driving and road scenarios. Based on a large-scale naturalistic driving study, crossing pedestrians were randomly captured in the scene videos from 110 passenger cars when potential ego-vehicle-to-pedestrian conflicts appeared during a one-year period. Motion data of these pedestrians were then analyzed to calculate the targeted behavior measurements, with the empirical results reported.
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Bolten, Nicholas, and Anat Caspi. "Towards routine, city-scale accessibility metrics: Graph theoretic interpretations of pedestrian access using personalized pedestrian network analysis." PLOS ONE 16, no. 3 (March 19, 2021): e0248399. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0248399.

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A wide range of analytical methods applied to urban systems address the modeling of pedestrian behavior. These include methods for multimodal trip service areas, access to businesses and public services, diverse metrics of “walkability”, and the interpretation of location data. Infrastructure performance metrics in particular are an increasingly important means by which to understand and provide services to an urbanizing population. In contrast to traditional one-size-fits all analyses of street networks, as more detailed pedestrian-specific transportation network data becomes available, the opportunity arises to model the pedestrian network in terms of individual experiences. Here, we present a formalized and city-scale framework, personalized pedestrian network analysis (PPNA), for embedding and retrieving pedestrian experiences. PPNA enables evaluation of new, detailed, and open pedestrian transportation network data using a quantitative parameterization of a pedestrian’s preferences and requirements, producing one or more weighted network(s) that provide a basis for posing varied urban pedestrian experience research questions, with four approaches provided as examples. We introduce normalized sidewalk reach (NSR), a walkshed-based metric of individual pedestrian access to the sidewalk network, and sidewalk reach quotient (SRQ), an estimate of inequity based on comparing the normalized sidewalk reach values for different pedestrian profiles at the same location. Next, we investigate a higher-order and combinatorial research question that enumerates pedestrian network-based amenity access between pedestrians. Finally, we present city-scale betweenness centrality calculations between unique pedestrian experiences, highlighting disagreement between pedestrians on the “importance” of various pedestrian network corridors. Taken together, this framework and examples represent a significant emerging opportunity to promote the embedding of more explicit and inclusive hypotheses of pedestrian experience into research on urban pedestrian accessibility, multimodal transportation modeling, urban network analysis, and a broader range of research questions.
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Barón, Leidy, Jocilene Otila da Costa, Francisco Soares, Susana Faria, Maria Alice Prudêncio Jacques, and Elisabete Fraga de Freitas. "Effect of Built Environment Factors on Pedestrian Safety in Portuguese Urban Areas." Applied System Innovation 4, no. 2 (April 16, 2021): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/asi4020028.

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This paper identifies and analyzes variables that influence pedestrian safety based on the definition of models of pedestrian crash frequency for urban areas in Portugal. It considers three groups of explanatory variables, namely: (i) built environment; (ii) pedestrian infrastructure, and (iii) road infrastructure, as well as exposure variables combining pedestrian and vehicular traffic volumes. Data on the 16 variables considered were gathered from locations in the counties of Braga and Guimarães. The inclusion of pedestrian infrastructure variables in studies of this type is an innovation that allows for measuring the impacts of the dimensions recommended for this type of infrastructure and assessing the implementation of policies to support the mobility of vulnerable users, especially pedestrians. Examples of such variables are unobstructed space for pedestrian mobility and the recommendable distance separating regulated crossings. Zero-Truncated Negative Binomial Regression Models (ZTNB) and Generalized Estimation Equations (GEE) are used to develop crash prediction models. Results show that in addition to the variables identified in similar studies such as carriageway width, other statistically significant variables like longitudinal slope and distance between crosswalks have a negative influence on pedestrian safety. On-street parking places, one-way streets, and the existence of raised medians have an opposite contribution to safety.
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Jiang, Ying, and Zheng Yang. "Discussion on Overpass Pedestrian System in Downtown Area." Advanced Materials Research 594-597 (November 2012): 1449–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.594-597.1449.

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We propose a comprehensive and multi-functional Overpass Pedestrian System to alleviate the serious traffic congestions in metropolitan areas of big cities in China. It is composed with three major parts: switching and connecting part, transportation part and service facility part. Compared with the pedestrian system and foot-bridges in some busy intersections in urban areas, this system is more efficient and human-oriented on separating pedestrian and vehicles. It can not only relieve the traffic congestion but also increase the comfortable level of walking. Differs from average isolated and single-functional foot-bridges, the system provides pedestrians with more pleasant walking experiences, thus increases pedestrians’ willing to use this system.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Pedestrian areas Pedestrian areas Pedestrian areas"

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Chow, Ka-ching Bernard. "Developing an effective framework for pedestrianization schemes in Hong Kong." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2002. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25263262.

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Chan, Chi-kin Simon. "Policy making and implementation of pedestrianization." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2002. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25263183.

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Chan, Chui-yee. "Intensifying street life in Mongkok-Pedestriani-s[T]ation(s) [sic] along Argyle Street." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2000. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B2595409x.

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Chu, Carmen. "Pedestrian system in major shopping area of Hong Kong /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B19906407.

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Cheuk, Yuk-ming. "Elevated web : pedestrianization in Hong Kong /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2002. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25248583.

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Yip, Wai-lam William. "Improving pedestrian connectivity in Tsim Sha Tsui." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2002. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25797116.

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Wong, Ka-fu Katherine. "The landscape stitch : new pedestrian movement in Mong Kok /." View the Table of Contents & Abstract, 2005. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B32020661.

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De-Silva, Anoma. "A redevelopment strategy with environmental parameters based on pedestrianisation for the Jubilee Street : Man Wa Lane site in Central, Hong Kong /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1991. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25799642.

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Nicoson, Jeff. "Urban pedestrian corridors : derivation of effective design criteria for successful urban pedestrian life." Virtual Press, 2003. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1259751.

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This study presents a comprehensive overview of pedestrian mall design and associated criteria. The pedestrian has, over time, been removed as the most dominant form of street life by automated and mass transportation. Cities are attempting to solve this dilemma. Several cities have renovated lengths of street to pedestrian malls in the hopes of drawing people back to the downtown environment. Detailed looks at selected case studies provide several relevant criteria including programmed activities, the need for some form of vehicular access and large retail diversity. The criteria were utilized in the design of a pedestrian corridor in downtown Louisville, Kentucky, in conjunction with the renovation of the Louisville Galleria. Two site designs were performed based upon the criteria to provide multiple solutions for the selected site. While the solutions presented represent the work of one individual, others may have a very different approach to the same problem.
Department of Landscape Architecture
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Tam, Hon-wah Billy. "Introducing urban slow space-Star Ferry complex at Central /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2000. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25952997.

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Books on the topic "Pedestrian areas Pedestrian areas Pedestrian areas"

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Trevelyan, Peter. Cycling in pedestrian areas. Crowthorne: Traffic Resource Centre, TransportResearch Laboratory, 1993.

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McConville, Leonora. Pedestrian congestion in Dublin. Dublin: University College Dublin, 2002.

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(Organization), Transport for London. Making London a walkable city: The walking plan for London, February 2004. London: Transport for London, 2004.

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Portland (Or.). Pedestrian Transportation Program. Portland pedestrian master plan. [Portland, Or: The Program], 1998.

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Portland (Or.). Pedestrian Transportation Program. Portland pedestrian design guide. [Portland, Or: The Program], 1998.

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Owen, Michael S. Comparative skywalk study: A comparison of the elevated pedestrian circulation systems of Calgary, Edmonton, Minneapolis and St. Paul and their implications for the Spokane Skywalk System. [Washington: s.n., 1986.

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Mohamed, Ibrahim. Beyond shoe prints-elders and disabled and Male's pedestrian facilities: To walk or not to walk, a pedestrian's dilemma in Malé. Male: Clean Air Initiative Asia, in Collaboration with Environmental Protection Agency, 2011.

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Heikkilä, Mikko. Suomalaisia kävelykeskustoja. Helsinki: Ympäristöministeriö, 1996.

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Kannel, Edward J. In-pavement pedestrian flasher evaluation: Cedar Rapids, Iowa. Ames, Iowa: Center for Transportation Research and Education, Iowa State University, 2004.

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New York (N.Y.). Department of City Planning. Lower Manhattan pedestrianization study. New York, N.Y: Dept. of City Planning, 1997.

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Book chapters on the topic "Pedestrian areas Pedestrian areas Pedestrian areas"

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Chintawar, Nirnay, Teja Tallam, and K. M. Lakshmana Rao. "Calibration of Fundamental Flow Model for Pedestrian Sidewalks in Urban Areas." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 427–37. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-5644-9_32.

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Osaragi, Toshihiro, and Azusa Tanaka. "Modeling of Pedestrian Route Selection in Areas with Different Street Patterns." In Progress in IS, 147–64. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99654-7_10.

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Celiński, Ireneusz. "Study of Characteristics of Road Traffic Streams in Pedestrian Crossing - Affected Areas." In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 114–30. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-34069-8_10.

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Ito, Takuma, and Minoru Kamata. "Autonomous Locomotion Based on Interpersonal Contexts of Pedestrian Areas for Intelligent Powered Wheelchair." In Human Interface and the Management of Information. Information and Interaction for Health, Safety, Mobility and Complex Environments, 480–89. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-39215-3_55.

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Höfer, Andreas, Erhard Esl, Daniel Türk, and Veronika Hüttinger. "Conception and Development of a Last Mile Vehicle for Urban Areas." In Small Electric Vehicles, 167–77. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65843-4_13.

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AbstractIn megacities, increasing globalization effects are leading to rapidly increasing prosperity and augmented purchasing power, and thus to a growing need for punctual, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly delivery of goods. A smart, small electric vehicle concept is presented that targets on meeting the requirements for the delivery of goods in urban areas and that is designed especially for the delivery on the last mile. This last mile vehicle (LMV) for cargo transportation is attached to a truck. Whenever it is needed, for example to deliver goods into narrow streets, in pedestrian areas or in case of traffic jams, it can be unfolded and unloaded from the truck and hereby guarantees a flexible and punctual delivery of goods. This flexible on-time delivery is possible because the last mile vehicle is designed, so that the legal regulations of the non-motorized vehicle lane, that is everywhere to be found in Asia, are met. The vehicle is designed with three wheels, a range of 40-60 km and an electric drive train with a continuous power of 2 × 250 W that enables a maximum speed up to 40 km/h of the vehicle. The drive train consists of a battery pack that can be charged electrically from the truck, two inverters, and two electric wheel hub motors. The LMV has been designed and constructed as a prototype and has been tested on non-public roads to prove the vehicle concept. For Europe, it can be classified as an L2e vehicle and with slight modifications; it can be applied on European roads as well.
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Holl, Stefan, Andreas Schadschneider, and Armin Seyfried. "Hermes: An Evacuation Assistant for Large Arenas." In Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics 2012, 345–49. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-02447-9_28.

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Au, S. Y. Z., J. Gilroy, and R. A. Haslam. "Assessing Crowd Dynamics and Spectator Safety in Seated Area at a Football Stadium." In Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics, 663–74. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9725-8_59.

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Bauer, D. "Comparing Pedestrian Movement Simulation Models for a Crossing Area Based on Real World Data." In Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics, 547–56. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9725-8_49.

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Wellar, Barry. "The Walking Security Index and Pedestrians’ Security in Urban Areas." In WorldMinds: Geographical Perspectives on 100 Problems, 183–89. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-2352-1_30.

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Kushki, Azadeh, and Konstantinos N. Plataniotis. "Nonparametric Techniques for Pedestrian Tracking in Wireless Local Area Networks." In Handbook on Array Processing and Sensor Networks, 783–803. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470487068.ch25.

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Conference papers on the topic "Pedestrian areas Pedestrian areas Pedestrian areas"

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Clerici, Franco, and Silvia Mirabella. "Design of a cable-stayed footbridge adaptable to various urban areas." In IABSE Congress, New York, New York 2019: The Evolving Metropolis. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/newyork.2019.1662.

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<p>The present paper relates to the design of a cable-stayed footbridge, composed by ready made elements and with span suitable to various urban and building areas. At present, in order to find a solution to traffic problems, local governments look for many ways to alleviate city’s main roads, increasing public transportation and designing dedicated underground pedestrian routes. Although this subways already built are not really used by pedestrians, which prefer wide-open spaces, such as skyways also designed for people with reduced mobility. In this context the described footbridge, with access ramps designed in accordance with accessibility standards, represents not only a good solution for cycle and pedestrian mobility problems, but it is also easy to transport and to be installed, due to its modular elements. The access ramps are suspended to pilons with inclination depending by the required bridge lengths and they can be assembled in different configurations in order to be well integrated also in limited space areas. Finally a particular focus is dedicated to cables, with dismountable end terminations designed to reduce transportation space and costs</p>
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Zheng, Jianghua, Adam Winstanley, Zheng Pan, and Seamus Coveney. "Spatial Characteristics of Walking Areas for Pedestrian Navigation." In 2009 Third International Conference on Multimedia and Ubiquitous Engineering (MUE). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mue.2009.80.

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Strutu, Mircea, Daniel Caspari, Johannes Pickert, Uwe Grossmann, and Dan Popescu. "Pedestrian smartphone based localization for large indoor areas." In 2013 IEEE 7th International Conference on Intelligent Data Acquisition and Advanced Computing Systems: Technology and Applications (IDAACS). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/idaacs.2013.6662726.

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Zheng, Jianhu, and Dongliang Yao. "Intelligent Pedestrian Flow Monitoring Systems in Shopping Areas." In 2010 2nd International Symposium on Information Engineering and Electronic Commerce (IEEC). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ieec.2010.5533215.

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Biliszczuk, Jan, Hanna Onysyk, Marco Teichgraeber, and Robert Toczkiewicz. "Solutions to the problem of safe pedestrian traffic flow in cities." In IABSE Congress, New York, New York 2019: The Evolving Metropolis. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/newyork.2019.2354.

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<p>Heavy car traffic on main streets is nowadays a major problem of modern cities. In order to improve safety of pedestrians and cyclists and at the same time maintain fluent car traffic flow, a separation of those two traffic types may be desirable in some cases. This paper presents different possible solutions to this problem implemented in Polish cities.</p><p>Underpasses or footbridges across busy streets in urbanized areas can be an alternative to pedestrian crossings. Footbridges apart from ensuring safe communication, can be attractive architectural elements of urban space. The cable stayed footbridge in Jaworzno will not only facilitate safe pedestrian communication between a large housing estate and a sports hall, but is likely to become a landmark of the city.</p><p>An attractive proposal for pedestrians and cyclists moving along crowded and polluted streets are routes marked out on riverside areas. The footbridges connecting islands on the Odra River in Wrocław not only have enabled efficient communication, but also have changed the islands into easily accessible places of relaxation. Free communication along the river embankments intersected by busy routes can be facilitated by building additional passages under existing bridges. The subject of the competition in Poznań was a footbridge over the Warta River, located close to the historical part of the city. Its implementation, apart from the main function of connecting the university campus with the city centre, will create a great recreational place for students and all citizens.</p><p>An unusual supplement for traditional means of transport in urbanized area can be an aerial tramway line. “Polinka” cable car that connects both parts of the campus of Wrocław University of Science and Technology separated by the Odra River have turned out to be an unconventional and attractive alternative to a typical footbridge.</p>
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Cabrerizo Sinca, Julià, José Magín Campos Cacheda, and Fernando Pérez Díez. "Methodological Analysis about the Potential Avoidabilty of Motor Vehicles Colliding Against Pedestrians in Urban Areas." In CIT2016. Congreso de Ingeniería del Transporte. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/cit2016.2016.3481.

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The main motivation of the authors of this article is to establish a rigorous definition of the potential capacity that a motor vehicle driver has to avoid a collision against a pedestrian. Henceforth we will call this capacity avoidability. To calculate the avoidability, it is necessary to analyze time, distance and itinerary, initial position of the pedestrian when exposed to the risk, initial speed; theoretical maximum speed developed by the vehicle and road limit speed; the driver’s reaction time and the influence of the environment; and the interrelation of the initial positions of vehicle and pedestrian with respect to the transversal axis of the road. The definition, categorized by variables, of a driver’s ability to avoid run over a pedestrian in an urban area has an evident usefulness: it allows knowing the influence of the initial speed of a vehicle as an isolated variable and the importance of the road limit speed in the ability to prevent an accident.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/CIT2016.2016.3481
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Kocsis, Mihai, Nico Susmann, Johannes Buyer, and Raoul Zollner. "Safety concept for autonomous vehicles that operate in pedestrian areas." In 2017 IEEE/SICE International Symposium on System Integration (SII). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sii.2017.8279327.

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Espelosin, Jesus, Leopoldo Acosta, and Alberto Hamilton. "Robot navigation in simulated pedestrian areas based on swarm intelligence." In 2012 20th Mediterranean Conference on Control & Automation (MED 2012). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/med.2012.6265628.

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Ahmed, Dina Bousdar, Luis Enrique Diez Blanco, and Estefania Munoz Diaz. "Performance comparison of wearable-based pedestrian navigation systems in large areas." In 2017 International Conference on Indoor Positioning and Indoor Navigation (IPIN). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ipin.2017.8115942.

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Guo, Renyong. "A Network-Based Method for Modeling Pedestrian Evacuation in Indoor Areas." In 2010 Third International Joint Conference on Computational Science and Optimization. IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cso.2010.102.

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Reports on the topic "Pedestrian areas Pedestrian areas Pedestrian areas"

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Kothuri, Sirisha. Exploring Pedestrian Responsive Traffic Signal Timing Strategies in Urban Areas. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.1933.

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Slavin, Courtney. The Relationship Between Traffic Signals and Pedestrian, Bicyclist and Transit User Exposure in Urban Areas. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.616.

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Day, Christopher M., Hiromal Premachandra, and Darcy M. Bullock. Characterizing the Impacts of Phasing, Environment, and Temporal Factors on Pedestrian Demand at Traffic Signals. Purdue University, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317352.

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There is a need for more and higher quality data on pedestrian demand patterns for a number of applications in planning, transportation engineering, public health, and other areas. It is particularly desirable to better characterize the influence of daily, weekly, and annual variations; the impact of weather and special events; and the effects of changes in pedestrian phasing. This paper proposes and demonstrates a methodology for quantifying the relative demand for pedestrian service at a signalized intersection by using the percent of signal cycles per hour in which the pedestrian phase was actuated. Although this performance measure does not by itself provide a pedestrian count, it can be used as a surrogate to characterize how pedestrian volumes vary due to operating conditions. More importantly, since this technique does not require new sensors, the data can be collected at thousands of intersections across the nation where pedestrian push buttons are in use. This paper documents findings from over a year of data collection at a signalized intersection on a college campus. The effects of daily/weekly/annual variations, special events, weather (temperature and precipitation), seasonal changes in activity patterns, and changes in pedestrian signal phasing are documented. A Tobit model is used to account for the influences of these variables and understand how they co-influence pedestrian activity. The implementation of an exclusive pedestrian phase is associated with a 9% increase in pedestrian phase utilization at the intersection. This change is associated with a decrease in user cost relative to performing midblock crossings. The modeled impact of snowfall events adds further insight by showing that as the user cost of making midblock crossings increases, pedestrian activity at the intersection increases.
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Braun, Lindsay, Jesus Barajas, Bumsoo Lee, Rebecca Martin, Rafsun Mashraky, Shubhangi Rathor, and Manika Shrivastava. Construction of Pedestrian Infrastructure along Transit Corridors. Illinois Center for Transportation, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/21-004.

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The availability and quality of pedestrian infrastructure play key roles in enabling access to transit. Many transit operators face challenges in facilitating this access, however, because they lack land use authority and encounter other institutional and programmatic impediments to effecting changes in the pedestrian environment. This report identifies the barriers to pedestrian access to transit in suburban communities located in the Pace Suburban Bus service area in northeastern Illinois and suggests potential solutions to overcome these barriers. The research team led several activities to collect data, including: conducting an academic literature review; reviewing pedestrian plans, policies, and programs in the region; surveying and interviewing key stakeholders; reviewing pedestrian funding sources; surveying and conducting case studies of peer transit agencies; conducting physical audits of pedestrian infrastructure; and interviewing residents of six municipalities about their transit access experiences. Lack of adequate funding, difficulties planning across jurisdictional boundaries, and conflicts in transportation priorities are major impediments to building pedestrian infrastructure. While planners and decision-makers tend to value pedestrian planning, challenges such as funding constraints and the need to retrofit suburban infrastructure are key barriers to implementation. Peer transit agencies face similar barriers to Pace and use strategies such as plan and policy development, diverse funding opportunities, and collaborative partnerships with stakeholder agencies and advocacy groups to overcome these barriers. Transit riders generally reported positive experiences with pedestrian access to transit in their communities. Many locations had robust infrastructure, but common deficiencies included poor sidewalk connectivity, incomplete crossings, lack of lighting and transit shelters, and deficiencies in Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) infrastructure. A suite of policy recommendations for Pace and other partners that focus on planning, policy, funding, interagency coordination, education and training, infrastructure prioritization, and transit amenities address the full range of physical and institutional barriers identified in the research.
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Zhang, Yongping, Wen Cheng, and Xudong Jia. Enhancement of Multimodal Traffic Safety in High-Quality Transit Areas. Mineta Transportation Institute, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2021.1920.

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Numerous extant studies are dedicated to enhancing the safety of active transportation modes, but very few studies are devoted to safety analysis surrounding transit stations, which serve as an important modal interface for pedestrians and bicyclists. This study bridges the gap by developing joint models based on the multivariate conditionally autoregressive (MCAR) priors with a distance-oriented neighboring weight matrix. For this purpose, transit-station-centered data in Los Angeles County were used for model development. Feature selection relying on both random forest and correlation analyses was employed, which leads to different covariate inputs to each of the two jointed models, resulting in increased model flexibility. Utilizing an Integrated Nested Laplace Approximation (INLA) algorithm and various evaluation criteria, the results demonstrate that models with a correlation effect between pedestrians and bicyclists perform much better than the models without such an effect. The joint models also aid in identifying significant covariates contributing to the safety of each of the two active transportation modes. The research results can furnish transportation professionals with additional insights to create safer access to transit and thus promote active transportation.
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Kodupuganti, Swapneel R., Sonu Mathew, and Srinivas S. Pulugurtha. Modeling Operational Performance of Urban Roads with Heterogeneous Traffic Conditions. Mineta Transportation Institute, January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2021.1802.

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The rapid growth in population and related demand for travel during the past few decades has had a catalytic effect on traffic congestion, air quality, and safety in many urban areas. Transportation managers and planners have planned for new facilities to cater to the needs of users of alternative modes of transportation (e.g., public transportation, walking, and bicycling) over the next decade. However, there are no widely accepted methods, nor there is enough evidence to justify whether such plans are instrumental in improving mobility of the transportation system. Therefore, this project researches the operational performance of urban roads with heterogeneous traffic conditions to improve the mobility and reliability of people and goods. A 4-mile stretch of the Blue Line light rail transit (LRT) extension, which connects Old Concord Rd and the University of North Carolina at Charlotte’s main campus on N Tryon St in Charlotte, North Carolina, was considered for travel time reliability analysis. The influence of crosswalks, sidewalks, trails, greenways, on-street bicycle lanes, bus/LRT routes and stops/stations, and street network characteristics on travel time reliability were comprehensively considered from a multimodal perspective. Likewise, a 2.5-mile-long section of the Blue Line LRT extension, which connects University City Blvd and Mallard Creek Church Rd on N Tryon St in Charlotte, North Carolina, was considered for simulation-based operational analysis. Vissim traffic simulation software was used to compute and compare delay, queue length, and maximum queue length at nine intersections to evaluate the influence of vehicles, LRT, pedestrians, and bicyclists, individually and/or combined. The statistical significance of variations in travel time reliability were particularly less in the case of links on N Tryon St with the Blue Line LRT extension. However, a decrease in travel time reliability on some links was observed on the parallel route (I-85) and cross-streets. While a decrease in vehicle delay on northbound and southbound approaches of N Tryon St was observed in most cases after the LRT is in operation, the cross-streets of N Tryon St incurred a relatively higher increase in delay after the LRT is in operation. The current pedestrian and bicycling activity levels seemed insignificant to have an influence on vehicle delay at intersections. The methodological approaches from this research can be used to assess the performance of a transportation facility and identify remedial solutions from a multimodal perspective.
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Chiavassa, Nathalie, and Raphael Dewez. Technical Note on Road Safety in Haiti. Inter-American Development Bank, January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003250.

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The IDB has been a predominant partner supporting Haiti development efforts for many years. Nowadays, the IDB is the main source of investment for the country. Considering the vital weight of road transport sector in the socio-economy of the country, the IDB has concentrated a large part of investment efforts in rehabilitating and improving national road infrastructures. In the same time, a rapid increase of motorization and relatively higher speeds have contributed to increasing the number of traffic fatalities and injuries. In 2017, road injuries were the fifth cause of mortality in Haiti. The Road Safety situation of the country is preoccupying with many Vulnerable Road Users involved, in particular pedestrians and motorcyclists. The country is facing multi-sector challenges to address this Road Safety situation. Despite recent efforts, high political will has not been continuous in promoting a multi-sector coordination and the success of technical efforts remained mitigated over the last years. Road user awareness is still weak in the country. Risk factors include dangerous driving, bad safety conditions of vehicles, together with limited law enforcement and poor maintenance of safety devices on the roads. In this context, the Road Safety situation of the country may be getting worse in the coming years if no action is taken. However, the new Decade provides with a unique opportunity to achieve Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) including significant progress in reducing the burden of traffic crashes. The IDB has already initiated vital investments in modernizing crash data collection, promoting institutional dialogue and supporting capacity building in the area of Road Safety. Future actions to address Road Safety challenges in Haiti in the framework of the five UN five pillars would require a range of investments in the area of political commitment, institutional coordination and technical efforts. A change of political paradigm from making roads for travelling faster to making roads safer for all users is highly needed at national level. This technical note on Road Safety in Haiti present the current situation of the country and provides with recommendations for future actions on Road Safety.
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