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Journal articles on the topic 'Pediments (Geology)'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 4 March 2023

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1

Ufimtsev, G. F. "Pediments of Asia." Russian Journal of Pacific Geology 4, no. 3 (June 2010): 250–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1819714010030073.

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2

Pelletier, J. D. "How do pediments form?: A numerical modeling investigation with comparison to pediments in southern Arizona, USA." Geological Society of America Bulletin 122, no. 11-12 (August 11, 2010): 1815–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/b30128.1.

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3

King, R. Bruce. "South African pediments and interfluves." Geological Society, London, Special Publications 296, no. 1 (2008): 167–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/sp296.11.

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4

Stetler, Larry. "Impacts of Material Engineering Properties on Slope Wash and Stability in Fine-Grained Bedrock Slopes at Fossil-Bearing Sites, Badlands National Park, South Dakota, USA." Geosciences 8, no. 7 (July 19, 2018): 267. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences8070267.

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Engineering properties of bedrock materials at Badlands National Park were used to develop models for Park managers to assess slope erosion and stability for fossil resource protection. Six fully instrumented sites were used to document slope conditions. Bedrock consisted of Oligocene White River Group rocks. Bulk erosion rates correlated to grain size with silty-sandy materials producing higher mass erosion rates as a function of the silt-to-clay ratio and plastic index. Data indicated that as grain size decreased, plastic index increased leading to a decrease in erodibility. These parameters were used to construct a grain-size proxy, ψ, that was substituted for grain size, D, in Bagnold’s entrainment equation and provided significant improvement in calculation of critical entrainment velocities for fine-grained materials. Hydraulic analyses of slope and pediment surface processes indicated surface roughness was a controlling factor and materials washed from rough steep slopes were effectively transported across smooth low-angle pediments with slope-to-pediment angle ratios of nearly 6:1. Slope stability modeling of ten slopes produced high factors of safety for all slopes, even under saturated conditions and was attributable to clay cohesion. All results were used to construct models that predicted years until net slope erosion equaled 2.5 cm (1 inch). Using these results, Park managers were advised to visit erosion-prone sites on a 1- to 6-year schedule, based on site geology and slope aspect, to adequately protect critical fossil resources from destruction.
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5

Strudley, Mark W., A. Brad Murray, and P. K. Haff. "Emergence of pediments, tors, and piedmont junctions from a bedrock weathering–regolith thickness feedback." Geology 34, no. 10 (2006): 805. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/g22482.1.

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6

Durlet, Christophe, and Jacques Thierry. "Modalites sequentielles de la transgression aaleno-bajocienne sur le sud-est du Bassin parisien." Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France 171, no. 3 (May 1, 2000): 327–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/171.3.327.

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Abstract Sedimentologic, biostratigraphic and diagenetic studies made on Middle Aalenian to Lowermost Bathonian deposits in 25 outcrops of the Burgundy High (southeastern Paris basin) lead to a sequence stratigraphy subdivision of the early Dogger record into 7 third order depositional sequences. These sequences make up a second-order transgressive phase whose lower limit is a tectonically enhanced unconformity (the Mid-Cimmerian unconformity), associated with a large scale uplift during the Upper Toarcian and the Lower Aalenian. In the largest outcrops, where the geometry of sedimentary bodies is observable at the hectometre to kilometre scale, the combination of diagenetic, biostratigraphical, spatial and sedimentologic studies is useful to understand the evolution of sediment distribution in the sequences. This approach also allows the measurement of sea level falls at the origin of the sequence boundaries. For example, we show that Lower Bajocian sequences end with decreases of accommodation space <10 m in amplitude, leading to temporary emergences of some reef complexes. Without interrupting the sedimentation on submarine peri-reef pediments during lowstands, these decreases of a few metres of accomodation space can be related to either tectono-eustatic events or thermo-eustatic events.
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7

Larue, Jean-Pierre. "Tectonical and morphodynamical evolution of the southern Massif Central border, between the Cesse and Hérault rivers (France)." Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France 175, no. 6 (November 1, 2004): 547–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/175.6.547.

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Abstract Despite numerous researches concerning the Massif Central southern border, there are no certainties about the number and the chronology of the erosion surfaces, the uplift stages of the Massif Central and the incision stages of the rivers. Located on the Massif Central basement and on the Languedocian piedmont, the Orb, Libron and Hérault tributaries basins show a good pattern of shapes and formations, from the Caroux to the littoral plain. Geomorphological and sedimentological study brings some new insights to these questions. Heavy minerals analysis allows us to separate different formations among the deposits located on the erosion surfaces and in the valleys. It is used to reconstruct the main sedimentary pathways. North-south fluxes crossed the Avant-Monts up to the Upper Pliocene, despite of the Miocene uplift. Upper Pliocene uplift of the Avant-Monts caused the bifurcation of the Orb towards the west, the antecedent incision between the Jaur confluence and Cessenon and the stepped pediments and glacis on the Avant-Monts southern border. The longitudinal paleoprofiles argue for a progressive uplift of the Massif Central since the Messinian unconformity. Incision of the valleys began before the Messinian in the Massif Central, but only during the Lower Pleistocene in the Languedocian piedmont.
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8

Sousa, Francis J., Jason Saleeby, Kenneth A. Farley, Jeffrey R. Unruh, and Max K. Lloyd. "The southern Sierra Nevada pediment, central California." Geosphere 13, no. 1 (November 11, 2016): 82–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/ges01369.1.

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9

Kováč, Michal, Jozef Hók, Jozef Minár, Rastislav Vojtko, Miroslav Bielik, Radovan Pipík, Miloš Rakús, Ján Kráľ, Martin Šujan, and Silvia Králiková. "Neogene and Quaternary development of the Turiec Basin and landscape in its catchment: a tentative mass balance model." Geologica Carpathica 62, no. 4 (August 1, 2011): 361–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10096-011-0027-6.

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Neogene and Quaternary development of the Turiec Basin and landscape in its catchment: a tentative mass balance modelThe development of the Turiec Basin and landscape evolution in its catchment has been reconstructed by methods of geological research (structural geology, sedimentology, paleoecology, and geochronological data) as well as by geophysics and geomorphology. The basin and its surrounding mountains were a subject of a mass balance study during periods of tectonic activity, accompanied by considerable altitudinal differentiation of relief and also during quiet periods, characterized by a development of planation surfaces in the mountains. The coarse clastic alluvial fans deposited beneath the offshore pelitic sediments document the rapid Middle Miocene uplift of mountains on the margin of the Turiec Basin. The Late Miocene finegrained sedimentation represents the main fill of this basin and its origin was associated with the formation of planation surfaces in the surrounding mountains. The rapid uplift of the western and northern parts of the catchment area during the latest Miocene and Early Pliocene times further generated the deposition of coarse-grained alluvial fans. The Late Pliocene basin inversion, due to uplift of the whole Western Carpathians mountain chain, was associated with the formation of the Early Quaternary pediment and ultimately with the formation of the Turiec river terrace systems.
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10

Harrell, James A. "Granite Platforms in the Wichita Mountains, Oklahoma: Pediment Outliers of the Southern High Plains in Texas and New Mexico." Journal of Geology 101, no. 3 (May 1993): 397–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/648232.

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11

RUBIO, JOSÉ C., and JOSÉ L. SIMÓN. "Tectonic subsidence v. erosional lowering in a controversial intramontane depression: the Jiloca basin (Iberian Chain, Spain)." Geological Magazine 144, no. 1 (December 7, 2006): 127–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756806002949.

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The Jiloca basin is a large intramontane, NNW–SSE-trending topographical depression in which the relative role of tectonic subsidence and erosional lowering is currently a matter of discussion. Geometry and facies of the sedimentary infill at its central sector have now been characterized from compiled borehole data, which allows discussions of how the evolutionary model is constrained. The central Jiloca depression contains a Late Pliocene to Pleistocene sedimentary sequence made up of alluvial fan, pediment mantle and episodic palustrine deposits, overlying a carbonate unit that could represent an early lacustrine stage of Late Miocene–Early Pliocene age. The geometry of these units is partially controlled by NW–SE-striking normal faults. Both the morphological depression and the sedimentary basin truncate previous folds, whose traces beneath the Neogene–Quaternary infill have been interpreted from the geology of the basin margins, borehole data and hydrogeological criteria. The northern and southern sectors of the Jiloca depression are bounded by faults showing measurable hectometric-scale throws (Calamocha and Concud faults). Moreover, in the central sector, the ∼ 350–400 m tectonic uplift of Sierra Palomera has been interpreted from a morphostructural reconstruction of the tilted block which separates the Teruel and Jiloca graben, being similar to the height of the Sierra Palomera mountain front. All these features are consistent with a tectonic basin developed within the framework of the Neogene–Quaternary extensional evolution of eastern Spain. In contrast, they are hardly compatible with genetic models based on erosional deepening, either topographic lowering by numerous nested Tertiary erosion pediplains, or sub-alluvial Pliocene–Quaternary karstic corrosion.
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12

Hillier, Robert D., Susan B. Marriott, Ken T. Higgs, and Sid Howells. "Catchment inversion during the Silurian of SW Wales: Pediment plains, embryonic drainage networks and incised valley fills in a dryland range front alluvial system." Sedimentary Geology 387 (June 2019): 126–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sedgeo.2019.04.007.

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13

Villela, Fernando Nadal Junqueira, and Cristiano Nogueira. "Geologia e geomorfologia da estação ecológica Serra Geral do Tocantins." Biota Neotropica 11, no. 1 (March 2011): 217–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1676-06032011000100023.

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Este trabalho trata de descrição básica da paisagem existente na Estação Ecológica Serra Geral do Tocantins, localizada na porção oriental do Estado do Tocantins e extremo oeste do Estado da Bahia, Brasil Central. Dois fatores do meio físico são abordados: a geologia, composta por litotipos sedimentares, e as formas de relevo, dada a predominância de chapadões e morros testemunhos na região, famosa pela presença das Dunas do Jalapão ao norte. Tal interação, esculturada sob clima típico de savana, produziu uma série de mosaicos com imensas peculiaridades paisagísticas. A Serra Geral do Tocantins é um planalto sedimentar esculpido na Bacia Sedimentar do Parnaíba. A área da Estação é caracterizada por pacotes de sedimentos predominantemente continentais, posteriores ao derrame basáltico ocorrido durante a Reativação Wealdeniana Juro-Cretácea. São arenitos de colorações brancas a vermelhas, extremamente friáveis, oriundos das acumulações de paleoclimas secos (áridos a semi-áridos) do Mesozóico, possivelmente contemporâneos ao Deserto Botucatu existente na Bacia do Paraná, embora as camadas mais superiores possam estar associadas a ambiente flúvio-lacustre. As formas de relevo envolvem uma seqüência de chapadas e patamares caracterizando formas estruturais com rebordos festonados e rampas escalonadas em formas erosivas. As chapadas são constituídas por sedimentos cretáceos e configuram grandes unidades de relevo em mesa penetradas por vales pedimentados, com bordas escarpadas e anfiteatros largos, que atacados por ciclos de erosão pós-cretáceos resultaram em patamares escalonados e arrasados em pediplanos que descem rumo ao curso do Rio Tocantins. A presença de inúmeros relevos residuais colabora nos contrastes geomorfológicos. Os processos morfogenéticos predominantemente mecânicos podem ser divididos em quatro fases de esculturação que resultaram na dissecação diferenciada. A compartimentação do relevo permite apontar algumas considerações sobre a distribuição geográfica da fauna na área da Estação Ecológica e seu entorno, pois em parte esta relação pode ser determinada pelos escalonamentos topográficos decorrentes do aparecimento das unidades geomorfológicas. A maior barreira geográfica foi criada durante o Neoproterozóico, separando as formas de relevo dos patamares escalonados; os basculamentos mesozóicos produziram os chapadões que, pela erosão mecânica, formaram pedimentos que foram aos poucos coalescidos durante o Cretáceo Superior até o Terciário Superior; tal processo resultou nos relevos residuais que, juntamente com a reativação de falhas antigas, favoreceu o isolamento entre os compartimentos biológicos; este processo continuou durante o Quaternário em razão das alternâncias climáticas de períodos semi-áridos a úmidos, promovendo a retomada da erosão mecânica e a formação de planícies fluviais.
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14

Chatterjee, Soumen, and Shyamal Dutta. "Assessment of groundwater potential zone for sustainable water resource management in south-western part of Birbhum District, West Bengal." Applied Water Science 12, no. 3 (February 11, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13201-021-01549-4.

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AbstractWater is an indispensable natural resource for survival of any species in the globe. For centuries, civilization has flourished on the bank of river based on the easy availability of water. Groundwater is one of the prime sources of freshwater supply, but, its occurrence and spatial distribution are highly uneven and affected by several surface and subsurface features. Development of several geospatial tool based on the remote sensing and GIS in recent time helps immensely for delineation and management of this precious resource. The present study has been undertaken in south-western part of Birbhum district, West Bengal with an objective to delineate groundwater potential zone using multiple criteria decision analysis and GIS. Seven thematic layers concerning with geology, geomorphology, hydrology, land use land cover and edhaphic factor have been employed in this study with proper weightage depending on their role in groundwater formation to identify the groundwater potential zone. By using analytical hierarchy process, whole study area has been classified into four zones ranging from excellent to poor. Primary field data and secondary data about depth of groundwater have been compared with the result to make it authentic. The result shows that the southern part composed of alluvial plain has the excellent potential compared to the northern lateritic and pediment part where groundwater potential is moderate. Eventually, few recommendation and suggestion have been framed for sustainable water resource management that will help the researchers, planners and other decision-makers for judicious exploration and management of the groundwater resource in the study area.
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15

Combes, Vincent, Yoram Teitler, Aurélien Eglinger, Anne-Sylvie André-Mayer, Arnauld Heuret, Anthony Pochon, Michel Cathelineau, and Pierre Gibert. "Diversity of supergene gold expressions and implications for gold targetting in an equatorial regolith (AMG's Couriège Exploration Prospect, French Guiana)." Geological Society, London, Special Publications, June 24, 2021, SP516–2021–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/sp516-2021-40.

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AbstractThe Couriège prospect (French Guiana) provides key examples of the diversity of gold distribution related to supergene processes. The nature of gold in two contrasted weathering profiles is examined as a function of the weathering lithofacies. The autochthonous profile hosts weathered Au-bearing quartz veins whereas the pediment profile is enriched in free gold issued from dismantled gold-bearing quartz veins. The gold distribution is controlled by: (1) the preservation of primary gold as free gold in both transported and autochthonous horizons and as electrum inclusions in detrital pyrite; and (2) the formation of secondary gold through dissolution/precipitation processes, expressed as gold spherulites on the free gold grain surface, an Ag-depleted rim around transported free gold grains and Ag-depleted gold micro-inclusions hosted by oxidized autochthonous pyrite. Gold enrichment through supergene chemical processes remains limited within the truncated autochthonous profile. A new conceptual model is proposed for the area, defining the role of chemical and physical processes in gold endowment and accounting for the geomorphological context. The overall evolution includes (1) deep weathering and peneplenation, (2) dismantlement and transport of lateritic material and (3) the development of a latosol cover. This study highlights that gold exploration in tropical environments must consider the residual v. transported nature and the inheritance of targeted pedogenic horizons.
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16

Peña-Monné, José Luis, María Marta Sampietro-Vattuone, and Jesús V. Picazo-Millán. "Late Quaternary palaeoenvironmental controls on concentric talus evolution in the Central Ebro Basin (NE Spain)." Environmental Earth Sciences 81, no. 17 (August 23, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12665-022-10547-x.

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AbstractThe polyphasic evolution of the testimonial buttes in the central area of the Ebro basin (Los Monegros) is analysed. This is a semiarid area that favours high erosion rates. An evolutionary model of the Jubierre hills is presented that shows the environmental cycles represented by aggradational and degradative processes on the slopes that resulted in the present arrangement of talus flatiron rings. In the four studied cases, talus relicts are composed of detritic material from a disappeared caprock pediment. Four slope stages (S4 to S1) that formed under stable climate conditions are identified. Older stages (S4 and S3) are estimated by comparison with other talus flatirons in the region. The S2 stage contains Bronze Age archaeological remains and the radiocarbon age obtained was 1608–1446 years cal BC (2σ), while S1 is younger. A palaeoenvironmental interpretation was made for these aggradational stages (S4 to S1). The active erosion of these hills led to a relief inversion, and talus flatirons remain as the only features revealing the presence of the relict hills and past human occupations.
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