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Lindqvist, J. (Janne). "”Mä haluan pelata jotain toista peliä”:hyödylliset käytettävyystestausmenetelmät 5–6-vuotiaiden lasten kanssa." Master's thesis, University of Oulu, 2018. http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-201806022424.
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Tässä pro gradu -tutkielmassa tarkastellaan hyödyllisiä käytettävyystestausmenetelmiä 5–6-vuotiaiden lasten kanssa. Kun luodaan lapsille suunnattuja ohjelmistoja, on syytä ottaa lapset mukaan niin suunnittelu- kuin testausvaiheeseen. Käytettävyystestauksen avulla syntyy parasta jälkeä silloin, kun tuotetta testaavat käyttäjät, jotka sitä tulisivat muutenkin käyttämään. Lasten kanssa työskenneltäessä on kuitenkin oltava erityisen huolellinen ja otettava huomioon lasten erityispiirteet ja -tarpeet.
Tässä kvalitatiivisessa tutkimuksessa tarkastellaan käytettävyystestausmenetelmiä aluksi kirjallisuuden kautta, valitaan sen perusteella kaksi merkittävää menetelmää, joita testataan käytännössä, ja lopuksi verrataan näiden menetelmien tuloksia. Tutkimuskysymykseksi tässä tutkimuksessa nousee, mitkä käytettävyystestausmenetelmät sopivat pienten lasten kanssa käytettäväksi, ja miten niistä saadut tulokset eroavat toisistaan. Tämä tutkimus toteutettiin osana kansainvälistä UMSIC-projektia, jossa kehitettiin avoimeen lähdekoodiin perustuvaa musiikillista oppimisympäristöä. Tutkimusta varten järjestettiin käytettävyystestauksia 5–6-vuotiaiden lasten kanssa oululaisissa päiväkodeissa.
Käytettävyystestaukset toteutettiin yksilö- ja paritestauksina, joissa käytettävyystestausmenetelminä käytettiin aktiivisen väliintulon ja ääneenajattelun yhdistelmää ja vertaisopetusta. Vertailemalla näitä kahta menetelmää on selvitetty kumpi käytettävyystestausmenetelmä mahdollistaa laajemmat käytettävyysongelmalöydökset. Tutkimuksessa on evaluoitu myös lasten ääneenajattelua käytettävyystestauksen aikana, sillä ääneenajattelulla päästään parempaan ymmärrykseen ongelmista ja niiden syistä, lisäksi menetelmä on perinteinen ja hyvä keino omien mielipiteiden ilmaisuun.
Tutkimustulokset osoittavat, että ei ole olemassa yhtä oikeaa menetelmää lasten kanssa tehtävään käytettävyystestaukseen. Molempien käytettyjen testausmenetelmien todettiin olevan varteenotettava vaihtoehto, ja eri vertailujen kautta käytettävyysongelmia löytyi yhtä paljon kummankin käytettävyysmenetelmän avulla. Keskiarvollisesti vertaisopetuksen avulla saadaan selville enemmän käytettävyysongelmia, ja tämän avulla myös lapset antavat enemmän verbaalisia kommentteja. Lasten kanssa tehtävään käytettävyystestaukseen vaikuttaa usea tekijä, eikä voida antaa täydellisiä ohjeita siihen, mikä olisi oikea tapa menetellä. Tätä tutkimusta voidaan pitää kuitenkin hyvänä ohjeistuksena tuleviin lasten kanssa tehtäviin käytettävyystestauksiin. Tämä tutkimus vahvisti jo alalla olevia tuloksia vertaisopetuksen hyödyllisyydestä ja ääneenajattelun haasteista pienten lasten kanssa.
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Vice, President Research Office of the. "Pellet Power." Office of the Vice President Research, The University of British Columbia, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/9507.
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Pajo, Leena. "UO2 fuel pellet impurities, pellet surface roughness and n(18O) /." Helsinki : University of Helsinki, 2001. http://ethesis.helsinki.fi/julkaisut/mat/kemia/vk/pajo/.
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Piippo, T. (Tiina). "Digitaalisten pelien sisällönkuvailu." Master's thesis, University of Oulu, 2014. http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-201401161028.
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Tässä pro gradu-tutkimuksessa tutkitaan digitaalisten pelien sisällönkuvailua. Niitä tarkastellaan kolmen erilaisen sisältötiedon tuottajan tekemien sisällönkuvailujen kautta. Ne edustavat kaupallista, voittoa tavoittelematonta ja säilyttämiseen pyrkivää näkökulmaa. Kaupallista tahoa edustaa pelipalvelu Steam, voittoa tavoittelematonta Suomen maakuntakirjastot ja säilyttämiseen pyrkivää verkkoarkisto Allgame. Tutkimusaineistona toimi näistä kerätty pelimateriaali, jota käsitellään teoriapohjaisen sisällönanalyysin keinoin.
Teoriana toimii toisaalta muistiorganisaatioiden sisällönkuvailun teoria, erityisesti sisällönkuvailun prosessi tavoitteineen, toisaalta pelitutkimuksen puolelta pelin rakenteet. Yksi tärkeä osa ovat myös erilaiset ikäluokitusjärjestelmät, jotka tuottavat elokuvien ja pelien sisältötietoa ikäluokitusten ja haitallisesta sisällöstä kertovien symbolien avulla.
Tutkimuksessa on kaksi tutkimuskysymystä: 1) mitä digitaalisten pelien sisällönkuvailussa kuvataan ja 2) mitä eroja ja yhteneväisyyksiä sisällönkuvailuissa on. Sisällönkuvailuista tarkastellaan sekä ulkoisia että sisäisiä kuvailutietoja teorian pohjalta luotujen teemojen avulla. Teemoja on neljä: 1) Sisältöä kuvaavat tiedot, 2) Ulkoasua kuvaavat tiedot, 3) Aineistolajia kuvaavat tiedot ja 4) Muut tiedot. Teemalle 1 annettiin lisäksi alateemoja, jotta sen sisältöä voitaisiin eritellä tarkemmin.
Tutkimusaineisto koostui 290 pelitietueesta. Pelejä oli 34 konsolille. Tuloksista kävi ilmi, että pääpiirteissään kaikki tutkimuskohteet kuvailivat peleistä samanlaisia asioita sekä ulkoisista tunnistetekijöistä että sisällöstä. Suurin ero oli kuvailun syvyydessä. Steamin ja Allgamen kuvailut olivat aineistolähtöisiä, maakuntakirjastoilla käyttäjälähtöisiä. Kuvailuista paljastui, että etenkin maakuntakirjastoilla oli epäloogisuuksia ja selkeitä puutteita kuvailutiedoissaan, ja esimerksiki genremerkintä puuttui toistuvasti. Käytetyissä asiasanoissa oli lisäksi epäjohdonmukaisuutta ja selviä eroja kirjastojen kesken. Steamin ja Allgamen kuvailut olivat yhtenevämpiä, mutta molemmilla oli osa-alueita, joita ei ollut kuvailtu lainkaan.
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Mourguy, Renée Evelyne. "Pelote basque, entre héritages et créations : identités et représentations." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BOR30059.
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L’étude a pour premier objet de découvrir les caractères communs aux jeux antiques, au jeu de paume et à la pelote basque à partir d’une étude des textes écrits par des contemporains de ces jeux. Puis, l’observation des héritiers de la paume, dans leur histoire et leur actualité, permet des comparaisons pour cerner héritages et créations à l’origine de la pelote. Dresser une carte des identités de la pelote basque, occupe une grande partie de l’ouvrage, à partir de l’analyse des archives des villes du Pays basque et des articles de presse, principalement Le Courrier de Bayonne (1851 - 1899). Des rares premières archives des XVIe et XVIIe siècles et des témoignages contemporains du jeu décrit jusqu’en 1899, on tire les mutations, les règles et les conditions spacio-temporelles ou socio-culturelles de la pratique de la paume/pelote basque, donc son histoire sur cette période. L’étude des lieux de mémoire, tant les aires de jeu que la langue basque, la géographie d’implantation de la pelote en France et dans le monde, ou encore l’installation de la tradition des fêtes basques initiées par Antoine d’Abbadie, rend compte d’autres éléments identitaires et de la complexité toujours plus étendue de “ la ” pelote basque. Enfin les représentations des jeux de balle et de la pelote, dans leurs formes, littéraire, des arts visuels, journalistique, publicitaire, sont questionnées pour mieux cerner, d’une part les symboles à l’œuvre depuis l’antiquité et, d’autre part, le phénomène pelote basque dans sa personnalité et sa modernité. Les premières archives et l’histoire du XIXe siècle montrent une pratique mêlant joueurs des Pays basque de France et péninsulaire mais une évolution différente des aires et des conditions se fera dans les années 1880 et la pelote se différencie durablement. Devenue sport au début du XXe siècle et sport international, la pelote assume des pratiques plurielles, des influences venues des pays d’Amérique et ses nombreux paradoxesThe first aim of this thesis is to determine the commonalities between games of Antiquity, real tennis, and Basque pelota, based on a review of documents written by authors coeval to these games. Then, the observation of the descendants of real tennis, in their history and their actuality, allows for comparisons to identify inheritances and creations at the origin of Basque pelota. A large part of the work is devoted to mapping out the identities of Basque pelota, based on the analysis of town records in the Basque Country and press articles, mostly from Le Courrier de Bayonne (1851 - 1899). From the rare first records from the 16th and 17th centuries and testimonies contemporaries of the game described until 1899, we draw the mutations, the rules, and the spatio-temporal or socio-cultural conditions of the practice of real tennis / Basque pelota, thus its history over this period. The study of sites of memory, such as sports fields, Basque language, the geography of establishment of Basque pelota in France and in the world, or even the establishment of the tradition of Basque festival initiated by Antoine d'Abbadie, provides an account of other identity elements and of the ever growing complexity of "the" Basque pelota. Finally, the representations of ball games and pelota, in their literary, visual arts, journalistic, and publicity form, are questioned to better pinpoint, on the one hand, the symbols used since antiquity, and, on the other hand, the phenomenon of Basque pelota in its personality and its modernity. The first records and the history of the 19th century exhibit a practice mixing players from the Basque Countries of France and of Spain but a contrasting evolution of the fields and conditions will emerge in the 1880s, and Basque pelota will lastingly be differentiated. Institutionalised in the early 20th century and made international, Basque pelota adopts plural practices, influences from the Americas, and their many paradoxes
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Karjalainen, M. (Matti). "Automaation vaikutus pelien viihdyttävyyteen." Master's thesis, University of Oulu, 2013. http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-201305271345.
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Peliala on voimakkaasti kasvava ja kehittyvä ala ja tieteen puolella aiheeseen on viime aikoina alettu kiinnittämään enemmän huomiota. Tämän tutkimuksen on tarkoitus perehtyä pelien kehittymisen myötä lisääntyneiden automaatioiden vaikutuksista viihdyttävyyteen olivat ne sitten negatiivisia tai positiivisia.
Viihdyttävyys on hankalasti tutkittava aihe siinä mielessä, että se on hyvin henkilökohtainen. Viihtymiseen vaikuttaa ihmisten luontainen halua oppia erilaisia asioita, kulttuuri joka kannustaa kilpailemaan ja yksilö itse. Yksi tärkeimmistä viihdyttävyyttä kuvaavista teorioista on flow-teoria, jonka mukaan ihminen voi nauttia mistä tahansa tekemisestä kun tietyt ehdot täyttyvät.
Automaatiot ovat lisääntyneet kaikkialla ja useimmat länsimaiset ihmiset ovat nähneet erilaisia automaatteja, olivat ne sitten yksinkertaisia juoma-automaatteja tai sitten monimutkaisempia robotteja. Myös pelit sisältävät automaatiota, vaikka toisinaan rajanveto pelistä puuttuvan sisällön ja automatisoinnin välillä voikin olla hankala, mutta siitä huolimatta automaatteja on olemassa ja löydettävissä.
Kysymys kuuluukin missä vaiheessa automaatit ovat jo ihmisiä haittaavia tekijöitä pelien kohdalla ja milloin ne ovat hyödyllisiä. Automaatioita ja flow-teoriaa yhdistellen voidaan pohtia mahdollisia hyviä ja huonoja puolia, jotka on vahvistettava tai kumottava tutkimuksella.
Automaatioiden vaikutuksia tutkittiin määrällisellä tutkimuksella, johon osallistui Oulun yliopiston opiskelijoita. Tutkimusta varten tehtiin tietokonepeli ja peliin liittyvä kysely, johon pelaajat vastasivat peliä pelattuaan. Tutkimuksessa saatiin selville yksinkertaisimpien automaatioiden toimivan yhteisvaikutukseltaan hyvinä mutta monimutkaisempien toimintojen automatisoinnin vaikuttavan negatiivisesti.
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Partanen, J. (Jouko). "Paikkasidonnaisten pelien hyödyntäminen matkailussa." Bachelor's thesis, University of Oulu, 2017. http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-201712093298.
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Matkailu on yli miljardin vuotuisen ulkomaanmatkan myötä valtava liiketoiminnan ala ja kasvaa edelleen. Pelien pelaamista ei ehkä helposti yhdistä matkailuun, mutta mobiililaitteiden kehittymisen ja yleistymisen myötä pelaamisesta on tullut mahdollista ajasta ja paikasta riippumatta. Paikkasidonnaisissa peleissä on potentiaalia hyödynnettäväksi myös matkailussa. Peleillä on mahdollista markkinoida kohdetta, esitellä sen nähtävyyksiä, vaikuttaa matkailijoiden käyttämiin reitteihin ja syventää matkakokemusta. Näin voidaan mahdollisesti vaikuttaa matkakohteen valintaan, siellä vietettyyn aikaan ja saada halpaa mainosta, mikäli kävijä jakaa kokemuksiaan.
Matkailijat ovat jo vuosia tottuneet käyttämään älypuhelimiaan ja muita mobiililaitteitaan mm. navigointiin, tiedonhakuun, suositteluihin ja sosiaalisen median päivitysten tekemiseen, joten samojen laitteiden hyödyntäminen viihdyttävällä tavalla markkinoinnissa on luontevaa. Pelielementtien käyttämistä muissa kuin pelikonteksteissa kutsutaan pelillistämiseksi ja sen on ennustettu olevan tulevaisuuden trendi matkailussa. Vaikka matkailu on vanha ala, on sekin kuitenkin altis muutoksille. Peli- ja matkailuala ovat myös varmasti kiinnostuneita toistensa suurista asiakasmääristä.
Suositun pelin kehittäminen ei kuitenkaan ole yksinkertaista ja onnistumisten taustalla on lukuisia epäonnistumisia. Siksi onkin otettava oppia harvoista onnistuneista peleistä. Varsinkin 17 vuoden ikään ehtinyt geokätköily (geocaching) on noin 3 miljoonalla aktiivisella harrastajallaan kiinnostava ilmiö. Kätköjä on miltei jokaisessa maailman valtiossa, mutta kukin geokätkö on kuitenkin sidottu sijaintiinsa, eikä sitä voi löytää menemättä sinne. Usein kätkö esittelee jonkin esittelemisen arvoisen paikan, jota ei välttämättä turistioppaasta löydy ja joka voi olla suurimmalle osalle paikallisiakin tuntematon. Näin matkailijalle on mahdollista tarjota aivan uudenlaisia kokemuksia.
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Sklenář, Vít. "Automatický kotel na pelety." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-231823.
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The aim of this diploma thesis is the research of automatic boilers for biomass pellets and their burners, design of automatic boiler for biomass pellets which include calculation part and drawing part and technical-economics assessment for building in the end. Thesis is divided into four main parts. The first part deals with general information about pellets, automatic boilers for pellets, burners and the standard for boiler. In the second part the pellet boiler is calculated. In the third part the automatic pellet boiler is designed. The fourth section compares three possible variants. Comparison is done for economics and the user.
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Attamimi, A. Hamid S. "Peranan keputusan presiden Republik Indonesia dalam penyelenggaraan pemerintahan negara suatu studi analisis mengenai keputusan presiden yang berfungsi pengaturan dalam kurun waktu Pelita I-Pelita IV /." [Jakarta] : Fakultas Pascasarjana, Universitas Indonesia, 1990. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/26219001.html.
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Janíček, Jakub. "Výroba pelet." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-229636.
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This thesis describes the characteristics, treatment and processing of biomass into a form shaped solid biofuels. It contains an overview of the requirements for pellets quality, possible means of improving the quality of pellets and methods of processing materials in order to achieve the desired quality of pellets. This thesis has shaped economic production of biofuels and shaped the recommendations for the design of pelletizing production line alternative pellets.
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Bragge, J. (Janne). "Digitaalisten pelien aseman muutos varhaiskasvatuksessa." Bachelor's thesis, University of Oulu, 2017. http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-201703241401.
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Tässä kirjallisuuskatsauksena toteutetussa kandidaatintutkielmassa tutustutaan suomalaiseen varhaiskasvatuksen kentällä tapahtuneeseen digitaalisia pelejä koskeviin tutkimuksiin. Lähestyn tutkimusta systemaattisen kirjallisuuskatsauksen näkökulmasta. Tutkimukseni tavoitteena oli selvittää, millaista varhaiskasvatuksen tutkimusta Suomessa on tehty, joka liittyy digitaalisten pelien pelaamiseen. Työssä esitellään tieto- ja viestintäteknologiaa sekä mediakasvatusta varhaiskasvatuksen näkökulmasta, joiden pohjalta digitaalisia pelejä käsitellään varhaiskasvatuksessa. Suuri osa Suomessa tehdyistä digitaalisiin peleihin koskevista tutkimusta on tehty Ekapeliin liittyen. Tästä syystä Ekapelillä on suuri rooli myös minun työssäni. Annikka Suoninen on kerännyt suuret määrät tietoa 0—8-vuotiaiden median käytöstä. Suonisen keräämä tieto antaa arvokasta tietoa lasten median käytön muutoksista. Toinen asia jonka halusin selvittää oli se, että miksi digitaaliset pelit ovat osa uutta varhaiskasvatussuunnitelmien perusteita. En löytänyt suoria vastauksia kysymykseen, mutta löysin kuitenkin vihjeitä, joiden avulla pystyin tekemään omia johtopäätöksiä, miksi digitaaliset pelit ovat saaneet jalansijan varhaiskasvatussuunnitelmien perusteissa. Suomessa tutkimukset ovat aluksi keskittyneet siihen, miten oppimispelit sopivat oppimisen tueksi varhaiskasvatuksessa. Myöhemmin tutkimukset ovat laajentuneet käsittelemään digitaalisia pelejä osana lasten median käyttöä sekä lasten mediakulttuuria.
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Zekič, Daniel. "Roštový kotel na spalování peletek." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-228955.
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The aim of this diploma thesis is the construction design of the steam boiler burning pellets. Set parameters: 450°C; 5,2 MPa; 30t/h. Decision procedure: stoichiometric calculation, energy balance, calculation of combustion chamber and heat delivery surface.
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Pereira, Helio Cardoso. "Avaliação em escala piloto do comportamento dos produtos pellet feed, pellet screenings e micro pellet em substituição ao sinter feed em uma mistura de sinterização." Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1843/BUOS-8DGFK2.
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Pilot scale sintering experiments were performed, aiming at comparing the quality of the sinter produced from a reference sintering blend with that of sinters resulting from other blends, in which the sinter feed in the reference blend was replaced by 50% and 100% pellet screenings and micro pellets and also by 25%, 50%, and 100% pellet feed. The following parameters of the sinters were assessed: a) production: granulation index, sintering time, < 5mm return, total return, coke rate and productivity;b) quality: shatter index, tumble index, RDI and reducibility; c) sinter structure: microstructural analysis. The results showed that pellet feed may reach 6.25% in a sintering blend (25% substitution). The productivity in the sintering experiments was technically equal to that achieved with the reference blend. The quality indexes and the structure also did notshow significant differences. Pellet screenings and micro pellets may participate up to 12.5% in the sintering blend (50% substitution). The productivity in the sintering experiments was technically equal tothat achieved with the reference blend. The quality parameters shatter index, tumble index, RDI and reducibility reached levels slightly inferior to those achieved with the reference blend. In the case of micro pellets only the parameters shatter index and RDI stayed slightly below the levels for the reference blend. All the quality parameters may be improved with a higher addition level of coke, for the fuel consumption was lower than that for the reference blendForam efetuados experimentos em sinterização piloto, com o objetivo de comparar a qualidade do sínter produzido com uma mistura de sinterização de referência, com a de sínteres resultantes de outras misturas, nas quais um sinter feed que participa em 25% damistura de referência foi substituído por 50% e 100% de pellet screenings e micro pellets e por 25%, 50% e 100% de pellet feed.Foram analisados os seguintes parâmetros dos sínteres produzidos:a) produção: índice de granulação, tempo de sinterização, retorno < 5mm, retorno total, coke rate e produtividade; b) qualidade: shatter index, tumble index, RDI e redutibilidade; c) estrutura do sínter: análise da microestrutura. Os resultados mostraram que o pellet feed pode participar em até 6,25% em uma mistura a ser sinterizada (25% de substituição). A produtividade nos ensaios de sinterabilidade foitecnicamente igual à de referência. Os índices de qualidade e a estrutura também não apresentaram diferenças significativas. O pellet screenings e o micro pellets podem participar em até 12,5% em uma mistura de minérios a ser sinterizada (50% de substituição). A produtividade nos ensaios de sinterabilidade foi tecnicamente igual à de referência. Os parâmetro de qualidade shatter index, tumble index, RDI e redutibilidade foram levemente inferiores no caso de pellets screenings. Para o micro pellets apenas os parâmetros shatter index e RDI ficaram um pouco abaixo dos obtidos com a mistura de referência. Todos esses parâmetros de qualidade poderão ser elevados com uma maior adição de carvão, tendo em vista que o consumo de combustível foi inferior ao da mistura de referência
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Carmichael, Hannah. "Environmental conditions favouring ice pellet aggregation." Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=18788.
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Winter precipitation is an important issue in Canada because of its common occurrence and associated destructive consequences. Prediction of the precipitation type when temperatures are near 0°C is often difficult because so many types can occur. This study examines the microphysics of ice pellet formation, in particular the ability of these to form aggregates and the consequences of these aggregates. This issue was examined by modelling the freezing of a distribution of precipitation particles as they fall through the atmosphere and interact through collisions. Three mechanisms for aggregation were examined, collisions among the particles involved in these mechanisms were modelled and the relative importance of each mechanism was determined. It is shown that, for the conditions considered, aggregates are often able to collect freezing rain drops and that aggregation can sometimes be very effective at eliminating freezing rain but the conditions need to be precise for this to occur.Les divers types de précipitations observées durant les tempêtes hivernales sont souvent la cause d'inconvénients durant cette période au Canada. Il est difficile de prédire ces divers types de précipitations du fait de leur sensibilité à certaines conditions atmosphériques, en particulier à des températures près de 0°C. Cette étude examine la microphysique de la formation des granules de glace. Plus précisément, la capacité de ces granules de former des agrégats et les conséquences de ces agrégats sur les autres types de précipitation présents. Cette recherche repose sur l'étude du regel d'une distribution de pluie verglaçante dans une atmosphère sous le point de congélation à l'aide de simulations incluant les interactions entre particules. Une attention particulière a été prêtée sur trois principaux aspects. Premièrement, trois mécanismes formant des agrégats de particules ont été étudiés. Deuxièmement, les collisions parmi les particules entraînées dans ces mécanismes ont été modélisées. Finalement, l'importance relative de chaque mécanisme a été déterminée. Les résultats illustrent que pour les conditions atmosphériques considérées, la pluie verglaçante est souvent collectée par les agrégats de particules formés durant leur descente dans l'atmosphère. De plus, l'agrégation de particules s'avère efficace à l'élimination complète de la pluie verglaçante dans des conditions atmosphériques précises et favorables.
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Shafai, Cyrus. "Fabrication of a micro-Peltier device." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape17/PQDD_0012/NQ29107.pdf.
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Fichaut, Michèle. "Magmatologie de la Montagne Pelée, Martinique." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb375975991.
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Kloe, Joost de. "Pellet-plasma interaction in a tokamak /." [S.l. : s.n], 2000. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37725261x.
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Gojan, Agnieszka. "Advanced Modeling of Pellet-Cladding Interaction." Thesis, KTH, Fysik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-192843.
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Swart, JC. "Solar refrigeration using the Peltier Effect." Thesis, Cape Technikon, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/1153.
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Thesis (Master Diploma (Electrical Engineering))--Cape Technikon, Cape Town,1996In order to design a coolerbox, utilising Thermo-electric technology as a heat pump, it was necessary to determine if this type of technology would be suitable for a coolerbox heat pump application. A detailed TEC (Thermo Electric Cooler) sizing estimation was done, using formulas supplied by the manufacturer, and using thermo-electric themy formulas to calculate the absolute theoretical performance parameters for a suitable TEe The correct heat pumping capability is important since.it is possible to obtain TEes with different input currents, voltages and heat pumping capabilities. Using the TEC as a heat pump, it was decided to use water cooling due to the extremely high cost of a suitable air cooled heatsink. It should be noted that to cool the hot side of theTEe a vel}' efficient heat exchanger should be used. A simulator was constructed to simulate, under variable operating temperatures and input powers, the cooling capacity of the TEC heat exchanger. The cooling characteristics were then used to determine if the theol}' and manufacturers claims correspond with the cooling characteristics of the coolerbox. It might be possible that the performance of the TEC would be drastically influenced, since installation con~itions may not be ideal when installed; and, that the manufacturers performance claims are done when the TEC is operated under ideal conditions. This would ensure optimum results because, should an under sized TEC be used, the result would be poor cooling characteristics; or, if the TEC is over sized, the coolerbox would consume too much power, resulting in an inefficient system.
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Paghi, Carlos Eduardo. "Aperfeiçoamento do anemômetro a efeito Peltier." Florianópolis, SC, 2002. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/83652.
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Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Elétrica.Made available in DSpace on 2012-10-20T02:04:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0Bitstream added on 2014-09-26T01:36:42Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 183200.pdf: 17111061 bytes, checksum: cbd25cd71789f86adc1f66264c5a468a (MD5)
Neste trabalho apresenta-se o aperfeiçoamento do anemômetro a efeito Peltier apresentado por Güths[1]. Para isso foram alteradas tanto as dimensões dos sensores como a eletrônica necessária ao dispositivo. A modificação do método de otimização dos sensores ocasionou um aumento na sensibilidade proporcionada pelo instrumento; a evolução na eletrônica possibilitou a compensação em temperatura, maior flexibilização na geração dos sinais envolvidos no anemômetro e diminuição da complexidade de construção. O dispositivo obtido mostrou-se capaz de medir velocidades entre 5 cm/s e 80 cm/s.
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RAVILLY, GUILLAUME. "Adhesion et pelage bidimensionnel des polymeres." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001GRE10024.
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L'etude vise a approfondir le test de pelage a 90\. Le comportement en pelage d'un adhesif est un phenomene complexe lie a la geometrie du systeme. La force necessaire pour separer l'adhesif du substrat depend a la fois des proprietes rheologiques de l'adhesif et des proprietes de surface qui vont engendrer une geometrie particuliere de la bande adhesive, notamment au niveau du rayon de courbure. Plusieurs parametres peuvent influencer les proprietes de pelage : la rigidite de la bande adhesive, l'epaisseur d'adhesif, les energies de surface, la vitesse de pelage. Ce travail debute par l'etude du pelage en regime cohesif aux tres basses vitesses. Nous validons un nouveau modele theorique capable de determiner l'energie de pelage en fonction des parametres cites plus haut. Ce modele etabli a partir de parametres adimensionnels, est compare aux resultats experimentaux obtenus avec differents supports et adhesifs (pdms) dans une large gamme de vitesses. Nous verifions aussi qu'un critere de transition simple permet de passer du regime cohesif bidimensionnel au regime cohesif tridimensionnel. La seconde partie de ce travail concerne la rupture adhesive. Apres avoir caracterise les surfaces des substrats et des supports utilises, tant d'un point de vue geometrique (rugosite) que physico-chimique (mouillage), nous realisons des experiences de pelage en regime adhesif en utilisant un pdms de grande masse moleculaire. Nous etudions l'influence des parametres deja evoques ci-dessus. Ensuite nous effectuons des visualisations de surfaces pelees en regime adhesif sous meb qui demontrent que le pelage adhesif laisse en realite une fine couche de pdms sur le substrat. Enfin, nous montrons qu'un modele theorique base sur les proprietes elongationnelles de l'adhesif et la loi de lodge peut difficilement etre cale sur les resultats experimentaux du pelage adhesif bidimensionnel. Par contre, nous validons un nouveau modele theorique simple qui represente tres bien nos resultats.
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Ali, Syed Ashraf. "Computational Study of Transverse Peltier Coolers." The Ohio State University, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1367459972.
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Águila, Rojo Ignacio Javier. "Plan de Negocios para Pelotea Ltda." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2008. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/103217.
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Nakamura, Yuji. "A PELLET ABLATION MODEL IN THE PRESENCE OF MULTIPLE ENERGY CARRIERS AND ANALYSES OF PELLET INJECTION EXPERIMENTS." Kyoto University, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/74692.
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Finning, J. (Jaakko). "Liigapörssi-pelin verkkopelaamisen työkalu." Bachelor's thesis, University of Oulu, 2015. http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-201505261678.
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Liigapörssin, ja saman valmistajan muiden vastaavien pelien, pelaaminen on suosittu harrastus penkkiurheilijoiden keskuudessa. Pelaaminen sisältää paljon haasteita. Ongelmia aiheuttavat jakson pelilistan läpikäynti, joukkueiden kokoaminen sekä vaihtojen tekeminen. Näitä haasteita kohdataan pelissä päivittäin. Monet yksittäiset pelaajat ovatkin laatineet itselleen alkeellisia tilastoja ja taulukoita, joiden avulla yrittävät saada etua muihin kanssapelaajiin. Tässä työssä esitellään toteuttamani verkkotyökalu, joka tarjoaa useita pelaamista helpottavia ratkaisujaPlaying Liigapörssi and similar games from same manufacturer is favorite recreation among sports fans. Gaming includes lot of difficulties. Problems are caused by going through game lists, assembling teams and doing player changes. These challenges are encountered in the game every day. Many of the individual players have already established themselves in the rudimentary statistics and tables to help try to gain an advantage with the other players. This work presents the implementation of the online tool, which offers a variety of solutions to facilitate gaming
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Jansa, Oldřich. "Porovnání vlastností alternativních pelet." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-229503.
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This thesis deals with the alternative pellets and the means of production from raw material to final customer. The theoretical part deals with different techniques and manufacturing technologies used. Furthermore, the work deals with Czech and European legislation in the field of fuel pellets. The practical part deals with measuring and comparing the properties of selected standard pellets.
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Kadlec, Martin. "Malý hydraulický lis na biobrikety." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-230300.
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The aim of this master´s thesis was the design of a small hydraulic press for bio-briquettes according to predetermined parameters. The theoretical part presents the current situation in terms of biomass processing, briquette production and a description of briquetting presses. The practical part deals with solutions and detailed structural design of the selected alternatives. Models and drawings were created in the SolidWorks 2011.
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Regan, Gemma. "The evolution of pelage colouration in primates." Thesis, Online version, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?did=1&uin=uk.bl.ethos.286468.
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Corey, Kenneth P. "Airgun pellet performance using computational fluid dynamics /." Online version of thesis, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/11690.
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Gomes, Reben Rudson Mendes. "Efeito Peltier em estruturas semicondutoras quasiperi?dicas." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2008. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/16550.
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There is nowadays a growing demand for located cooling and stabilization in optical and electronic devices, haul of portable systems of cooling that they allow a larger independence in several activities. The modules of thermoelectrical cooling are bombs of heat that use efect Peltier, that consists of the production of a temperature gradient when an electric current is applied to a thermoelectrical pair formed by two diferent drivers. That efect is part of a class of thermoelectrical efcts that it is typical of junctions among electric drivers. The modules are manufactured with semiconductors. The used is the bismuth telluride Bi2Te3, arranged in a periodic sequence. In this sense the idea appeared of doing an analysis of a system that obeys the sequence of Fibonacci. The sequence of Fibonacci has connections with the golden proportion, could be found in the reproductive study of the bees, in the behavior of the light and of the atoms, as well as in the growth of plants and in the study of galaxies, among many other applications. An apparatus unidimensional was set up with the objective of investigating the thermal behavior of a module that obeys it a rule of growth of the type Fibonacci. The results demonstrate that the modules that possess periodic arrangement are more eficient
H? atualmente uma demanda crescente por resfriamento localizado e estabiliza??o de temperatura em dispositivos ?pticos e eletr?nicos, alem de sistemas de refrigera??o port?teis que permitem uma maior independ?ncia em diversas atividades. Os m?dulos de refrigera??o termoel?trica s?o bombas de calor que utilizam efeito Peltier, que consiste na produ??o de um gradiente de temperatura quando uma corrente el?trica ? aplicada a um par termoel?trico formado por dois condutores diferentes. Esse efeito faz parte de uma classe de efeitos termoel?tricos que ? t?pico de jun??es entre condutores el?tricos. Os m?dulos s?o fabricados com semicondutores. O mais utilizado ? o telureto de bismuto Bi2Te3, arranjados em uma seq??ncia peri?dica. Neste sentido surgiu a id?ia de fazer uma an?lise de um sistema que obedece a seq??ncia de Fibonacci. A seq??ncia de Fibonacci tem conex ?es com a propor??o ?urea, podendo ser encontrada no estudo reprodutivo das abelhas, no comportamento da luz e dos ?tomos, como tamb?m no crescimento de plantas e no estudo de gal?xias, dentre muitas outras aplica??es. Foi montado um aparato unidimensional com o objetivo de investigar o comportamento t?rmico de um m?dulo que obedece a uma regra de crescimento do tipo Fibonacci. Os resultados demonstram que os m?dulos que possuem arranjo peri?dico s?o mais eficientes iv
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Muranen, T. (Timo). "Pelien heuristiikat ja niiden soveltuvuus pelattavuuden arvioinnissa." Master's thesis, University of Oulu, 2013. http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-201305201317.
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Käytettävyydestä on tullut eräs tärkeimmistä sovellusten kehittämisen osa-alueista. Erityisesti peleissä käytettävyys ja pelattavuus ovat yhtenäinen osa pelikokemusta eli millaisen mielikuvan peli käyttäjälleen antaa. Tutkielmassa tarkastellaan tähän asti ilmestyneissä julkaisuissa todettuja pelattavuus-heuristiikkoja ja niiden soveltuvuutta pelisuunnittelussa käyttäen tutkimusmenetelmänäni kvantitatiivista tutkimusta. Tutkimusosion päätavoitteena oli priorisoida aikaisemmassa tutkimuksessa luodun peliheuristiikkalistan heuristiikat yleisesti ja genreittäin.
Pelien kehityksen osa-alueena käytettävyyden tutkimus on suhteellisen tuore käsite. Viime vuosina pelien heuristiikkatutkimuksia on julkaistu suhteellisen kiitettävästi ja niitä julkaistaan jatkuvasti lisää. Tutkimuksissa on todettu peleille suunnatuista heuristiikoista olevan suuri hyöty evaluoinnissa.
Heuristiikkojen avulla saadaan suhteellisen nopeasti aikaiseksi taulukoitavia tuloksia, joista pelin kehittäjät näkevät nopeasti käytettävyyteen liittyviä ongelmakohtia. Kuitenkin, vaikka heuristinen evaluointi lupaa edullista pelattavuuden arviointimenetelmää, on se täynnä subjektiivisesta tulkinnasta johtuvia ongelmia ja yhä useampia kilpailevia ja ristiriitaisia heuristiikkalistoja. Tämän vuoksi nykyisistä tutkimuksista saatujen heuristiikkalistojen tutkiminen ja yksittäisten heuristiikkojen priorisointi on tärkeää pelattavuuden arvioinnin kannalta.
Tutkimuksessa saatiin selville osa-alueittain tärkeimmät ominaisuudet. Game play -kategoriassa on tärkeintä selkeät tavoitteet, sopivasti haastetta, haasteiden on oltava reiluja ja pelin on oltava ennen kaikkea hauska, jonka jälkeen voidaan vasta keskittyä pelimekaniikkaan ja grafiikkaan. Game story -kategoriassa tarina on tärkeässä osassa. Pelin tulokset ovat oikeudenmukaisia, pelaajalla on tunne hahmon hallinnasta ja peli vaikuttaa pelaajan tunteisiin. Game mechanics -kategoriassa painottuu kontrollien tärkeys. Mekaniikka/kontrollit ovat johdonmukaisesti sijoitettu. Mekaniikka on helppo oppia, mutta vaikea hallita.
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Mattila, T. (Tapani). "Pelien käyttö opiskelijaelämän ja työuran ajankäytön hallinnassa." Master's thesis, University of Oulu, 2018. http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-201801141089.
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Henkilökohtainen suunnitelmallisuus ja aikataulutus on monille ongelmallista. Näin on erityisesti nuorilla aikuisilla, koska he eivät ole vielä ehtineet harjoitella sitä paljon. Hyötypelit ovat pelejä, joiden pääasiallinen tarkoitus on jokin muu kuin viihde. Niiden avulla on mahdollista harjoitella monia taitoja — myös ajankäytön hallintaa. Tässä työssä tutkittiin kyseistä aihetta suunnittelemalla ja toteuttamalla prototyyppi tietokonepelistä, jossa pelaajat käsittelevät opiskelun, työn ja vapaa-ajan tasapainoa ja etenevät kohti itse asettamiaan tavoitteita. Peli on vuoropohjainen ja lautapelityylinen. Pelissä rajallinen määrä aikaa investoidaan haluamallaan tavalla kullakin vuorolla ja suunnitelmallisella toiminnalla pelaaja menestyy, saavuttaen tavoitteensa nopeammin. Ensimmäisenä tavoitteensa saavuttanut pelaaja voittaa. Peli toteutettiin java-ohjelmointikielellä käytettäväksi tavallisissa kotitietokoneissa. Konseptia ja prototyypin soveltuvuutta tarkoitukseensa arvioitiin koekäyttäjien avulla. Koekäyttäjät pelasivat peliä 40 minuuttia, minkä jälkeen he vastasivat kyselyyn ja heitä haastateltiin. Kyselyssä esitettiin kymmenen prototyyppiä koskevaa väittämää, joiden paikkaansa pitävyyttä koekäyttäjät arvioivat seitsenportaisella Likert-asteikolla. Haastattelu oli osittain strukturoitu. Koekäyttö tehtiin pareittain kymmenen hengen joukolle. Koekäyttäjien arvioiden mukaan ajankäytön hallinnan kehittäminen hyötypelillä on mahdollista. He myös arvioivat prototyypin vastaavan hyvin todellisen elämän haasteita. Tutkimuksessa vahvistui käsitys siitä, että hyötypelin täytyy olla hyvä ollakseen aidosti hyödyllinen. Tutkimuksessa ilmeni myös hyvän pelin tekemisen olevan hyvin haastavaaPersonal orderliness and scheduling is problematic for many people. This is especially true for young adults since they have not yet mastered them through practice. Serious games are games that have some other primary purpose than entertainment. With serious games it is possible to practice many different skills — including time allocation. In this thesis the subject was studied by designing and implementing a prototype of a computer game in which the players balance their studies, work and spare time, progressing towards goals they have set for themselves. The game is turn-based with a board game style. Players have limited amount of time to invest as they choose each turn. By planning well they prevail in achieving their targets faster. The player who reaches his or her goals first is the winner. The concept and the prototype’s suitability to it’s purpose was evaluated with test users. The test users played the game for 40 minutes, after which they filled a survey and were interviewed. The survey consisted of ten claims regarding the prototype. The test users assessed those claims on a seven step Likert-scale. The interview was partially structured. Testing was done in pairs and there were a total of ten test users. According to test users it is possible to improve one’s time allocation skill with a serious game. They also thought the prototype simulated real-life challenges well. This research strengthened the understanding that to be truly beneficial a serious game has to be good. It also became apparent that creating a good game is a challenging task
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Mosquera, Carhuas Susan Edith, Gil Armando Joel Jaimes, and Gardez Lizbeth Paola Delgado. "Pelotea - Plataforma de alquiler de canchas sintéticas." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/624617.
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En los últimos años la era digital ha tomado mayor fuerza en el mundo, por el cual las compañías han optado por implementar la tecnología en sus actividades diarias, para estar a la vanguardia tecnológica. Actualmente las personas tienen una mayor preferencia por las compras en línea desde la comodidad de su centro de trabajo, estudios y hogares. Por ello se introducirá en el mercado un nuevo modelo de negocio basado en la intermediación de establecimientos que brindan el servicio de alquiler de canchas y usuarios.
Por lo tanto el presente documento se encuentra elaborado con la finalidad de poder orientar adecuadamente a todas aquellas personas que se encuentren en la búsqueda de una alternativa de inversión, argumentando a lo largo del presente documento una serie de estadísticas y herramientas financieras que nos permiten evaluar adecuadamente si el proyecto presentado es viable y que tan bien estructurado se encuentra; motivo por el cual el proyecto de inversión; “Pelotea” cuenta con un estudio de mercado y economico.
“Pelotea” es una plataforma virtual que permite al usuario poder separar y reservar una cancha de grass sintetico en línea, ofreciendo una alternativa diferente a lo habitual, posicionándose rápidamente en el mercado.In recent years The digital era has taken on greater strength in the world, by which companies have opted to implement technology in their daily activities, to be at the forefront of technology. Currently people have a greater preference for online shopping from the comfort of their workplace, studies and homes. For this reason, a new business model is presented in the market based on the intermediation of the services that provide the service of rental of courts and users. Why? The project presented is viable and is so well structured; reason why the investment project; Pelotea has a market and economic study. "Pelotea" is a virtual platform that allows the user to separate and reserve a synthetic turf court online, offering a different alternative to the usual, quickly positioning in the market
Trabajo de investigación
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Sundberg, Peter. "Implication of pellet quality on combustion performance." Licentiate thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Energivetenskap, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-83989.
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Quality aspects of wood pellets and their use have been of utmost importance since the development of the pellet market in the early 1980s. Research and hard-earned knowledge have resulted in advancements in the field, but there are still uncertainties in the pellet industry about how different quality aspects affect combustion performance. The focus of this work has been on pellet quality, with investigations divided into three main topics: (1) the effect of physical properties of pellets on their combustion properties, (2) the effect on particle emissions due to manipulation of the ash chemistry by means of additives and, (3) how radio frequency identification (RFID) technology can be used to achieve traceability of bulk pellets. In the literature it is not clear how physical pellet quality parameters affect the combustion behavior. To gain knowledge regarding the perception of pellet quality in practice, interviews with pellet industry representatives were made initially. This was followed by detailed combustion experiments to investigate how the key quality parameters moisture content, density, and durability affect the ignition behavior and the conversion time. A large number of well-defined pellet samples produced from four different raw material mixes were used. The results showed that during stable combustion conditions, i.e., high temperature and sufficient air supply in a fully functioning combustion system, these parameters have little practical influence on the combustion performance. However, the results from the detailed laboratory experiments indicated that the choice of raw material can have a more profound effect on both ignition behavior and conversion rates, although the full-scale tests indicated that this was of little practical importance. Fuel design, i.e., choosing fuels or making adjustments to the fuel based on ash composition, can be used to lower particle emissions. This concept was demonstrated during combustion tests that were performed in three individual campaigns in medium- to large-scale boilers, 200 kWth, 2 MWth and 4 MWth respectively. In the campaigns, peat was utilized to alter the ash transformation reactions, reducing the emission of particulate matter less than 1 micron (PM1) during combustion of woody biomass, while keeping the slag formation at a manageable level. This was achieved by designing fuel blends of woody biomass with carefully selected Scandinavian peats rich in Si, Ca, and S. In one of the campaigns, softwood-based stemwood pellets were co-pelletized with different additions of peat (5 and 15 wt %) before combustion. In the other campaigns, peat was added as a separate fuel feed to Salix chips (15 wt % peat) and softwood-based stemwood pellets (10 and 20 wt % peat). The results showed that, no matter how peat was added to the fuel, the fuel design approach provided PM1 reductions of between 30 - 50 % for all fuel blends. The PM1 reduction could be achieved without causing operational problems due to slagging in any of the three commercial boilers used, although an expected increased slagging tendency was observed. RFID systems are used today for the tracking of well-defined entities; i.e., the RFID tag is linked to an object - a container, a person etc. While RFID technology has been used in this way in the energy sector to monitor biofuel transport to and from transshipment sites and energy plants, it is not known to have been used for tracing bulk biofuels, i.e. a fuel that cannot be seen as a stand-alone entity. To demonstrate the potential of using RFID technology to trace bulk fuel transportation, three tests were performed. RFID tags were placed together with biomass pellets before being conveyed through a distribution chain, from pellet producer to combustion plant. The two first tests were large-scale trials to investigate if specific RFID tags could be correlated to a specific fuel when fed into the furnace. The third test was performed to see how RFID tags distributed over time in a logistics chain. The results showed that it is possible to trace a bulk biofuel flow using RFID technology, from production site to furnace, although care must be taken to optimize the method, such as using an appropriate number of tags.
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Fernandes, Alberto Emanuel Simões dos Santos. "Conversão de energia com células de Peltier." Master's thesis, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/8084.
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Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em
Energias Renováveis - Conversão Eléctrica e Utilização Sustentáveis (MERCEUS)Uma das áreas de preocupação da actualidade é o desafio energético, a nível mundial, europeu e principalmente em Portugal. Nas conjunturas económicas e financeiras que atravessamos, a dependência energética de terceiros, a redução de custos operacionais é de principal importância para o relançamento económico do País. No entanto, devemos também ter em foco que muitas organizações têm de optimizar os recursos, com enfoque nos custos energéticos. Há que olhar para todas as formas de redução de custos com a necessária optimização de processos, equipamentos e métodos. A recuperação de desperdícios, muitas das vezes despercebidos, é uma das áreas que pode e deve ter impacto na redução da factura energética. É neste envolvimento que o estudo agora apresentado tem a sua actividade, utilizando desperdícios térmicos de um processo produtivo e recuperando essa forma de energia, transformando-a em electricidade. É uma oportunidade de recuperação das perdas energéticas relacionadas com a utilização dos equipamentos, tendo indirectamente impacto no rendimento dos processos e redução da factura ambiental através da redução de emissão de gases de efeito de estufa, reduzindo a dependência do petróleo. Dois materiais diferentes em contacto um com o outro criam uma tensão entre os materiais que depende da diferença de temperatura entre eles. Esse efeito é reversível e permite forçar a diferença de temperaturas à custa da energia eléctrica, ou obter energia eléctrica à custa da diferença térmica. Utilizando esta última, este trabalho consiste em investigar a possibilidade de utilizar este efeito, sendo a diferença térmica forçada por utilização de fluido a uma certa temperatura, num ambiente industrial e a temperatura ambiente. Esta conversão insere-se na recuperação de perdas térmicas não recuperadas, em processos produtivos e industriais. A implementação de um gerador termoeléctrico, com células de Peltier, actuando por efeito de Seebeck permite atingir esse objectivo.
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Pa, Ann An. "Development of British Columbia wood pellet life cycle inventory and its utilization in the evaluation of domestic pellet applications." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/30361.
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An in-house life cycle inventory (LCI) database for British Columbia (BC) wood pellets is established. The LCI database is used to compare the performance of BC pellets exported to Rotterdam and BC pellets staying within BC in terms of energy penalty, percent of fossil fuel content in pellets arriving destination, and impacts (human health, ecosystem quality and climate change) by performing life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) in a commercial LCA software. The database is also utilized to assess two domestic applications of BC wood pellets: replacing natural gas combustion in UBC district heating facility with wood waste or wood pellet gasification, and replacing firewood in BC residential heating with wood pellets.
Overall, the analysis indicated that marine transportation is responsible for over 40% of the life cycle energy consumption and more than 50% of each of the impact categories investigated. The energy penalty and fossil fuel content of exported pellets are roughly 50% and 90% higher than that of the non-exported pellets. For the district heating case study, the base scenario performs much better than all biomass gasification systems in all impact categories other than climate change. The saving in GHG emission is approximately 81% if woody biomasses are utilized. Over the entire life cycle, controlled wood waste gasification system performs better than controlled wood pellet gasification system due to the extra processing required for wood pellets. However, when looking at the health impact associated with stack emissions only, controlled wood pellet gasification would raise the health impact by 12% from the base case while controlled wood waste gasification would raise the impact by 133%.
By switching from firewood to wood pellets for BC residential heating, the primary energy consumption and impacts on human health, ecosystem quality and climate change can be reduced by 34%, 95%, 27% and 17%, respectively. Over 90% reduction in external costs can also be achieved. In terms of economic viability, when bulk pellets are to be utilized, switching from firewood to pellet units would be reasonable as long as the unit to be replaced is not a fireplace insert.
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Marques, Vagner da Costa. "Análise das propriedades de misturas asfálticas com pelete e agregados de resíduos de concreto." Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 2014. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/5532.
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Previous issue date: 2014-02-21Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
This dissertation is included in area of reuse of solid wastes in paving, with objective to use recycled concrete aggregates and pellet in asphaltic surface course. The aim of the research was to analyze the technical feasibility of asphalt mixtures made with recycled concrete aggregates and pellet, in partial replacement of natural aggregates of the conventional asphalt mix, from tests of physical characterization of aggregates and mechanical performance of asphalt mixtures. The materials used were crushed stone 19 mm, crushed stone 12 mm, crusher dust, recycled concrete aggregate, pellet and 50/70 pen asphalt cement, these materials were obtained from companies in the state of Paraíba. For natural aggregates were performed grading, Los Angeles abrasion, absorption and density. For recycled concrete aggregates were made grading and specific density, and for pellet was carried out grading. One conventional asphaltic mixture were produced containing natural aggregates (crushed stone 19, crushed stone 12, crusher dust) and 50/70 pen asphalt cement, and five asphaltic mixtures were made with partial replacements of crusher dust for recycled concrete aggregates and pellet, in proportions: i) 25% of recycled concrete aggregates; ii) 2% of pellet; iii) 4% of pellet; iv) 23% of recycled concrete aggregates with 2% of pellet, and v) 21% of recycled concrete aggregates with 4% of pellet. The C grading envelope was used and chosen according to DNIT ES 031/2006. The mixtures were performed by the Marshall mix design. The mechanical tests performed were Marshall stability, tensile strength by diametric compression, resilient modulus and Lottman test. The hot asphalt mix containing 75% of natural aggregates, 23% of recycled concrete aggregates and 2% of pellet showed greatest number of parameters in accordance with the technical standards, as a result the best technical viability
Esta dissertação está inserida na problemática de reaproveitamento de resíduos sólidos na pavimentação, buscando o emprego de agregados de resíduos de concreto e pelete em revestimentos asfálticos. O objetivo da pesquisa foi analisar a viabilidade técnica de misturas asfálticas feitas com agregados de resíduos de concreto e pelete, em substituição parcial aos agregados naturais de mistura asfáltica convencional tipo CBUQ, a partir de ensaios de caracterização física dos agregados e de desempenho mecânico das misturas asfálticas. Os materiais empregados foram brita 19, brita 12, pó de pedra, agregados de resíduos de concreto, pelete e CAP 50/70, obtidos de empresas do Estado da Paraíba. Para os agregados naturais foram realizados a granulometria, abrasão Los Angeles, absorção e densidade. Para os agregados de resíduos de concreto foram realizados os ensaios de granulometria e massa específica, e para o pelete foi realizada a granulometria. Seis misturas asfálticas foram realizadas, sendo uma mistura de referência com os agregados naturais (brita 19, brita 12 e pó de pedra) e CAP 50/70; as demais misturas foram feitas com substituições parciais do pó de pedra pelos agregados de resíduos de concreto e pelete, nas proporções: i) 25% de agregados de resíduos de concreto; ii) 2% de pelete; iii) 4% de pelete; iv) 23% de agregados de resíduos de concreto com 2% de pelete, e v) 21% de agregados de resíduos de concreto com 4% de pelete. A faixa granulométrica utilizada foi a faixa C, que foi escolhida com base na norma DNIT 031/2006 ES. As dosagens realizadas foram por meio do método Marshall. Os ensaios mecânicos realizados foram estabilidade Marshall, resistência à tração por compressão diametral, módulo de resiliência e o ensaio Lottman. A mistura asfáltica tipo CBUQ com 75% de agregados naturais, 23% de agregados de resíduos de concreto e 2% de pelete se apresentou com maior número de parâmetros em conformidade com as normas técnicas, o que evidenciou sua maior viabilidade técnica em relação às demais misturas asfálticas modificadas
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Sedláček, Daniel. "Analýza energetického využití kávových pelet." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-254290.
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The aim of my thesis was to develop a comprehensive study on the energy use of the coffee waste called spent coffee grounds. The study conducted a complete fuel analysis, TGA analysis, experimental drying and pelletization, combustion tests and basic economic evaluation.
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Klaus, Veronika [Verfasser], Jaroslav [Akademischer Betreuer] Pelisek, Jaroslav [Gutachter] Pelisek, and Karl-Friedrich [Gutachter] Becker. "Matrixmetalloproteinasen und Cathepsine in der Kollagendegradierung im abdominellen Aortenaneurysma / Veronika Klaus ; Gutachter: Jaroslav Pelisek, Karl-Friedrich Becker ; Betreuer: Jaroslav Pelisek." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2018. http://d-nb.info/118132632X/34.
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Fahrenholz, Adam Charles. "Evaluating factors affecting pellet durability and energy consumption in a pilot feed mill and comparing methods for evaluating pellet durability." Diss., Kansas State University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/13633.
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Doctor of PhilosophyDepartment of Grain Science and Industry
Keith C. Behnke
A series of experiments was conducted to compare methods used to evaluate the durability of animal feed pellets, as well as to investigate the potential for modeling the effects of formulation and processing factors on both pellet durability index (PDI) and pelleting energy consumption, measured in kilowatt hours per ton (kWh/ton). Seven different factors, including ground corn particle size, added fat level, inclusion of distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS), feed rate, steam conditioning temperature, conditioner retention time, and pellet die thickness (L:D ratio) were examined. Each factor was evaluated at two levels, and treatments were developed in order that all factor to factor comparisons could be made. Pellet samples were analyzed according to the standard method as described in ASAE S269.4, a modification of this method, and by using the NHP100 pellet tester set to each of its four testing intervals (30, 60, 90, and 120 seconds). The standard method was found to provide the most consistent and repeatable determinations of pellet durability, and was found to correlate well with the modified method, as well as with the NHP100 results at 30 and 60 seconds. Physical attributes of feed pellets, such as pellet hardness, bulk density, and moisture content were found to have significant, but weak correlations with pellet quality. Pellet quality was found to be significantly influenced by all factors other than ground corn particle size and feed rate. Higher fat level, lower conditioning temperature, and the thinner pellet die most significantly lowered pellet quality, with increasing effect respectively. A regression model was developed that was able to predict pellet durability within an average of 1.1 PDI. Pelleting energy consumption was found to be significantly influenced by all seven factors, with the higher fat level, thinner pellet die, and higher conditioning temperature most improving efficiency, with increasing effect respectively. A regression model was developed that was able to predict energy consumption within an average of 0.3 kWh/ton. The successful creation of regression equations demonstrates that there is potential for modeling and optimizing pellet quality and energy consumption within a pelleting operation.
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Thelajala, Madhu Sudhana Rao. "Hydrogen Pellet Detection using Single-line CCD Cameras." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för informationsteknologi, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-205357.
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The PANDA Experiment will be one of the future experiments at the Facility for Antiproton and ion Research (FAIR), which has been officially founded in October2010. The facility will be built on the area of the GSI Helmholtz zentrum fur Schwerionenforschung GmbH (GSI) in Darmstadt, Germany [1]. In the experiment, a stream of frozen hydrogen spheres (pellets) will traverse vertically an anti-protonbeam circulating in the accelerator. Collisions of projectile anti-protons with the proton nuclei’s of the pellets will lead to the generation of new particles, which inturn will be measured in the PANDA detector facility. By using fast single-line CCD cameras, it is possible to capture the pellet course in all three spatial dimensions and calibrate the pellet interactions. The aim of this thesis project is to describe the FPGA firmware for reading frames delivered by line-scan CCD cameras, detect and parameterize light reflections from pellets and deliver the results in the form of amplitude, position and a time stamp to the external readout system via an optical link. Additionally, the firmware supports slow control functions of the system as well as camera configuration.
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Leimalm, Ulrika. "Interaction between pellet properties and blast furnace operation." Doctoral thesis, Luleå : Luleå University of Technology, 2010. http://pure.ltu.se/ws/fbspretrieve/3541696.
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Lee, Jobina J. N. "Investigations into sustained-release hydrophobic matrix pellet formulations." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.275167.
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Odhner, Lael Ulam 1980. "Sensorless temperature estimation and control of Peltier devices." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/36246.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2006.Includes bibliographical references (leaf 26).
Peltier devices, also known as thermoelectric devices (TEDs), are solid state junctions of two dissimilar materials in which heat transfer and electrical conduction are coupled. A current running through a TED causes heat to flow; likewise, the presence of an external temperature gradient will induce an electrical potential across the TED. The former effect is known as the Peltier effect; the latter is known as the Seebeck effect. While TEDs are used primarily as heat pumps, they can also serve as temperature sensors. This thesis presents the design for a controller which uses a TED to simultaneously sense and control the temperature of a shape memory alloy (SMA) wire. The pulse width-modulating driving circuitry in the controller is capable of measuring the undriven voltage across the TED at a rate of 200 Hz between pulses. A low order ARX model is then used to estimate the SMA temperature. The SMA temperature can be controlled using this estimate. This method will enable the production of large arrays of TED-driven SMA tendon actuators, particularly for large DOF robotic systems.
by Lael Ulam Odhner.
S.M.
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Castro, Elias Fonseca de. "Produção de pellet feed a partir de lamas." Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1843/BUOS-96CFL9.
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This study investigated the possibility of producing an iron concentrate meeting thespecifications of Samarcos pellet feed from a representative sample of the 101.6mm (4 inches) cyclone overflow of Concentrator I. This sample, designated as plant slimes, containing 49.65% iron, d50 equal to 5m and percentage of slimes (fraction passing 10m) equal to 71.22%. The technological tests involved the following steps: classification (in microdesliming drum), determination of the dispersion degree, and flotation. Microdesliming proved to be an efficient method of classification. The results showed that the dispersants sodium hydroxide, sodium hexametaphosphate, and sodium polyacrylate achieved similar levels of dispersion and also that the dispersants sodium hexametaphosphate and sodium polyacrylate are the most effective reagents to promote dispersion of the alumina and phosphorus bearing minerals. Flotation tests, following the factorial design of experiments (DOE), showed that the factor etheramines dosage was the most significant among the factors investigated for the response variables silica content in the concentrate and metallurgical recovery. Flotation tests with addition of the dispersants sodium hexametaphosphate and sodium polyacrylate presented increased metallurgical recovery concurrently with increased silica content in the
concentrate. The flotation kinetics test proved the need of increasing the flotation time to achieve a silica content in the concentrate meeting the specification of Samarcos direct reduction pellet feed (SiO2 <1.13%).Este trabalho investigou a possibilidade de se produzir um concentrado de minério de ferro com especificações compatíveis com o pellet feed Samarco a partir de uma amostra representativa do overflow dos ciclones de 101,6mm (4 polegadas) de diâmetro do Concentrador I. Essa amostra, denominada lama usina, continha 49,65% de ferro, d50 igual a 5µm e percentual de lama (fração menor que 10µm) igual a 71,22%. Os ensaios tecnológicos envolveram as seguintes etapas: classificação granulométrica (microdeslamagem em tambor), determinação do grau de dispersão e flotação. A microdeslamagem mostrou ser um método eficiente de classificação. Os ensaios de dispersão mostraram que os dispersantes hidróxido de sódio, hexametafosfato de sódio e poliacrilato de sódio alcançaram os mesmos níveis de dispersão e que os dispersantes hexametafosfato de sódio e poliacrilato de sódio são os mais eficientes para promover a dispersão dos minerais portadores de alumina e fósforo, respectivamente. Os ensaios de flotação, seguindo o planejamento fatorial de experimentos (DOE), mostraram que o fator dosagem de eteramina foi o mais significante dentre os fatores estudados para as variáveis resposta teor de sílica no concentrado e recuperação metálica. Os ensaios de flotação com adição dos dispersantes hexametafosfato de sódio e poliacrilato de sódio aumentaram o teor de sílica no concentrado concomitantemente com o aumento da recuperação metálica. O ensaio de cinética de flotação mostrou ser necessário aumentar o tempo de flotação para alcançar um teor de sílica no concentrado compatível com a especificação do pellet feed redução direta Samarco (SiO2 < 1,13%).
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Guillard, Damien. "Nickel hydroxy-carbonate precipitation in a pellet reactor." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/5326.
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Bibliography: leaves 96-101.Precipitation in pellet reactors was developed primarily for water softening purposes, and then extended in the Netherlands in a research context to heavy metal recovery from stream concentrations varying from 10 to 10 000ppm. The metals include copper, iron, lead, manganese, nickel and zinc. The potential for effluent treatment is broad and covers a range of mining industries metal-containing effluents. The process using carbonate precipitation in a pellet reactor to recover nickel has several advantages over the more commnly used hydroxide sludge process. As a seeded precipitation, no sludge is formed, instead, there is a dense precipitate with good de-watering properties, permitting easy solid-liquid separation.
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Wang, Kui. "Wood Pellet Boiler Heating System Evaluation and Optimization." Thesis, Clarkson University, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10276133.
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The use of wood pellet boilers for residential space heating has significantly increased over the past decade. Wood pellets are a biomass-based renewable energy made by pelletizing debarked wood fiber. Compared to log wood and wood chips, wood pellets have higher energy density, relatively uniform fuel quality, easier to automate their use, and therefore, are being more widely used.
A typical wood pellet heating system has three components: the boiler (energy generation unit), the thermal energy storage (TES) tank (energy storage unit), and the building (energy consumption unit). The three components form into two loops: the boiler to TES tank loop and the TES tank to building loop.
Three modern wood pellet boilers were installed and monitored in this research. Two 25 kW boilers (PB and WPB) were installed in the end of 2014 and a 50 kW boiler (LGB) was installed in March of 2016. PB is used only for radiant floor heating and WPB is used for traditional baseboard/cast iron radiators space heating as well as providing domestic hot water (DHW) supply. LGB boiler is used for concrete slab heating. The three boiler installations provide different methods of heating and different levels of building heat demand.
This research first evaluated the performance of residential scale wood pellet boilers (25 – 50 kW) in terms of boiler operation characteristics, thermal efficiency, boiler emissions, TES tank stratification and discharge efficiency, etc. Comparisons were also made among different boilers and suggestions for improvements were made. A process dynamic simulation using VMGSim was built up based on the field monitoring data. Good agreement between the simulation and field data was found. The model was then used to size the TES tank with respect to different boiler capacities and heating demands. A system sizing algorithm was provided in the end. The results will be used to compose a guidance document for wood pellet boiler heating systems.
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Granqvist, Daniel. "Klimatberäkningar för grundförstärkningsmetoden KC-pelare hos programmet Geokalkyl." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för tillämpad fysik och elektronik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-137177.
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Vid projektering av väg- och järnväg är det viktigt att i ett tidigt skede som möjligt få en uppfattning om hur kostnaden kommer vara samt vilken klimatpåverkan arbetet kommer medföra. Det finns olika beräkningsprogram som utför både en kostnad och klimatkalkyl vid byggnation av väg- och järnväg. Exempel på beräkningsprogram är Geokalkyl och Klimatkalkyl. Tidigare har en fallstudie utförts mellan Klimatkalkyl och Geokalkyl där det visade på att vid användningen av grundförstärkningsmetoden kalkcement-pelare beräknar Geokalkyl klimatpåverkan 30 gånger så högt som klimatkalkyl. Syftet med det här projektet är att undersöka och vidareutveckla beräkningssättet för kalkcement-pelare hos programmet Geokalkyl. Grundförstärkningsmetoden kalkcement-pelare används bland annat för att stabilisera väg- och järnvägsbankar. Nedsättningen för pelarna är med hjälp av en maskin, blandningsbärare samt en tank förvarar blandningen. Vid nedsättning borrar maskinen ned till önskat djup. Då borren nått önskat djup roterar den upp samtidigt som blandning mängden släpps ut. Blandningen bildar tillsammans med jorden de fasta pelarna som stabiliserar marken. Geokalkyl gör beräkningarna i ett Excelverktyg där hänvisningar sker mellan olika blad i Excel. Ekvationen som gör beräkningen finns under fliken Indata. Alla arbetsmoment för kalkcement-pelare beräknas i samma ekvation där hänvisningar sker till separata informationsbilagor. Maskinförbrukningarna hänvisas till en dold Excelflik, Hagert. De justerbara parametrarna finns under fliken In parametrar. De parametrar som är justerbara är transportlängd och vilken klimatpåverkan pelarna har per längdmeter. Klimatpåverkan mäts i använda kWh och mängden koldioxidekvivalenter. För att uppnå syftet valdes följande utförande. Först inläsning på området, därefter tolkning av tidigare beräkningssätt och till sist uppbyggnad av nya beräkningssättet. Avgränsningarna för projektet är att endast se över specifika arbetsmoment som tillkommer vid användning av grundförstärkningsmetoden kalkcement-pelare hos Geokalkyl. Tidigare beräkningssättet hade bristfälliga hänvisningar till informationsbilagorna, samt felaktiga och bortglömda arbetsmoment. De beräkningarna som var felaktiga var dels att beräkningen tog hänsyn till en dimension men enligt informationsbilagorna skall den variera. Det var även en felaktig volym i pelarna, detta sågs genom att framställningsvärden per längdmeter pelare var med felaktig beräkning på dimension. Exempel på arbeten som tidigare beräkning ej tog hänsyn till var arbetet kring nedsättning, det vill säga förbrukning för maskinen och bäraren samt dess maskintransporter. För att bygga upp det nya beräkningssättet identifierades samtliga arbetsmoment kring kalkcement-metoden. Där respektive arbetsmoment fick en separat ekvation. Samtidigt så lyftes beräkningarna från Hagert till samma Excelblad som resterande beräkning. Alla antaganden från informationsbilagorna lyftes även in till Excelbladet. Genom att alla antaganden och beräkningar nu sker på samma Excelblad gör det beräkningen väldigt följsam. Förutom att beräkningen är följsam så är den lätt att justera genom att alla antaganden syns och att samtliga arbetsmoment har en separat ekvation. De arbeten som är utöver detta arbete måste ses över för att beräkningssättet skall kunna ersätta det befintliga i Geokalkyl.
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Thomsen, Tonny Bernt. "Micas in carbonate-saturated pelites : the transformation from biotite to phengite, melting and melt geochemistry /." Zürich : ETH, 2006. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=16855.
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Cummins, Laurel. "Marriage and the City: Fatal Displacement in La Maison du chat-qui-pelote." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2015. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/4408.
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The following is a meta-commentary of the article, “Marriage and the City: Fatal Displacement in La Maison du chat-qui-pelote,” co-authored by Dr. Anca Mitroi Sprenger and myself, Laurel Cummins. The article will soon be submitted for publication, and this commentary contains an annotated bibliography of all our primary and secondary sources as well as an account of the origin of the argument and the process of writing the article. Our article is based upon an analysis of La Maison du chat-qui-pelote, a story authored by Honoré de Balzac within his seminal collection La Comédie humaine. In the article, we analyze the theme of fatal displacement in La Maison du chat-qui-pelote as an allegory of the repressions of nineteenth-century modernity. The theme is presented through the tumultuous marriage of the bourgeois protagonist, Augustine Guillaume, to the aristocrat artist, Théodore de Sommervieux, and through Augustine's literal movement within the city of Paris that ensues after their marriage (from her home, the Chat-qui-Pelote, to her husband's home, her attempted return to the Chat-qui-Pelote, and her visit to her husband's mistress). We demonstrate that these displacements are not only the source of Augustine's premature death but are emblematic of the perishing past in a post-revolutionary, modern Paris. Our development of this conclusion comes through a close analysis of the principal text itself as well as of the literal and figurative displacements that occur throughout to the main character, Augustine. In studying these displacements, we consider not only the social structures and institutions at the time of the novel but the detailed images of the past that anchor Augustine in traditions that do not let her transition into modernity. We examine the portrayal of marriage in La Maison du chat-qui-pelote as it coincides to the ideals of marriage in pre and post-Revolution periods. We likewise consider the various geographical areas (as pinpointed by specific roads provided by the author) as a way of understanding the historical background and the effect of displacement from various areas of Paris to others. The title of the story (which references the sign outside of the protagonist's house), the Chat-qui-Pelote, also offers rich symbolism that, when deciphered, substantiates our claim that this story goes far beyond an unfortunate marriage caused by class disparity. Instead, Augustine's trajectory in the story, she being the human embodiment and relic of ancient French traditions, alludes to a foundational inability for past ways of French life to survive in modernity.