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Journal articles on the topic 'Pelvic floor'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 29 July 2024

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1

Mittal, Rajni, Gayatri Rath, R. N. Sahai, and Mahima Aggarwal. "Understanding pelvic floor in women." International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 9, no. 10 (September 25, 2020): 4329. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20204337.

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Change from quadruped to erect posture has resulted in changes in the human pelvis. This has resulted in pelvis supporting the abdominal viscera. The bony pelvis is deficient on inferior aspect. Muscles covered by fascia on superior and inferior aspect. A good knowledge of pelvic floor is very basic and mandatory for any gynecologist as pelvic floor is crucial to support the pelvic organs and is required to maintain urinary and fecal continence.

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2

Ablove, Tova, Alexandra DeRosa, Steven Lewis, Katelyn Benson, Frank Mendel, and Scott Doyle. "Pelvic Floor Pressures Differ Based on Location in the Pelvis and Body Position: A Cadaver Mode." Bioengineering 10, no. 3 (March 6, 2023): 329. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering10030329.

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Background: The pelvic floor is a bowl-shaped complex of multiple muscles and fascia, which functions to support the pelvic organs, and it aids in controlling continence. In pelvic floor disease, this complex becomes weakened or damaged leading to urinary, fecal incontinence, and pelvic organ prolapse. It is unclear whether the position of the body impacts the forces on the pelvic floor. Purpose: The primary objective of this work is to measure force applied to the pelvic floor of a cadaver in sitting, standing, supine, and control positions. The secondary objective is to map the forces across the pelvic floor. Methods: An un-embalmed female cadaver without pelvic floor dysfunction was prepared for pelvic floor pressure measurement using a pressure sensory array placed on top of the pelvic floor, and urodynamic catheters were placed in the hollow of the sacrum, the retropubic space, and at the vaginal apex. Pressure measurements were recorded with the cadaver in the supine position, sitting cushioned without external pelvic floor support, and standing. Pressure array data were analyzed along with imaging of the cadaver. Together, these data were mapped into a three-dimensional reconstruction of the pressure points in pelvic floor and corresponding pelvic organs. Results: pressures were higher at the symphysis than in the hollow of the sacrum in the standing position. Pressure array measurements were lowest in the standing position and highest in the sitting position. Three-dimensional reconstruction confirmed the location and accuracy of our measurements. Conclusions: The findings of increased pressures behind the symphysis are in line with the higher incidence of anterior compartment prolapse. Our findings support our hypothesis that the natural shape and orientation of the pelvis in the standing position shields the pelvic floor from downward forces of the viscera.

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3

Mehta, Sarina Lily, and Kristen Strawhacker Bonzer. "Pelvic Floor." ACSM'S Health & Fitness Journal 26, no. 5 (September 2022): 5–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/fit.0000000000000797.

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4

Goncharova, E. P., and I. V. Zarodnyuk. "MRI DEFECOGRAPHY IN PELVIC FLOOR DESCENT SYNDROME (review)." Koloproktologia 19, no. 1 (March 16, 2020): 117–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.33878/2073-7556-2020-19-1-117-130.

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Pelvic floor descent syndrome (PFDS) affects multiparous and postmenopausal women. According to epidemiological studies in postmenopausal women, more than 50% suffer from severe symptoms of PFDS, which significantly reduce the quality of life. The high prevalence of pelvic floor pathology increases the need for multimodal diagnosis and treatment. The pelvic floor is a unique anatomical and functional structure and malfunction of this system may lead to many different static and functional disorders. There are a lot of methods of medical imaging modalities for PFDS (X-ray defecography, perineal ultrasound, MR defecography). MRI defecography allows to visualize in detail all three parts of the pelvis, including soft tissues and supporting structures; to evaluate structural and functional pelvic abnormalities in a single study. The range of normal mobility of the pelvic floor and pelvic organs on MRI defecography is still required.

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5

Hainsworth, A. J., T. Gala, L. Johnston, D. Solanki, L. Ferrari, A. M. P. Schizas, and G. Santoro. "Integrated total pelvic floor ultrasound in pelvic floor dysfunction." Continence 8 (December 2023): 101045. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cont.2023.101045.

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6

En'kova, Е. V., К. I. Obernikhin, Е. V. Belov, Е. S. Dukhanina, N. N. Patlataya, and D. V. Sudakov. "Ultrasound Morphometry of the Pelvic Floor Muscles in Women of Reproductive Age." Journal of Anatomy and Histopathology 13, no. 1 (April 7, 2024): 66–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.18499/2225-7357-2024-13-1-66-70.

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Biometric studies in nulliparous women conducted to date are limited by small sample sizes. The pelvic floor muscles perform an important function throughout a woman’s life. They provide fixation and maintenance of the pelvic organs, stretches during childbirth, ensuring the formation of the birth canal, and are a potential site for the formation of a hernia in the female body. Impaired function of this muscle group can lead to either excessive muscle contraction (chronic pelvic pain syndrome) or excessive stretching (pelvic organ prolapse). The purpose of the study is to assess the morphometric properties of the pelvic floor muscles in nulliparous women using 3D ultrasound scanning (sonography). Material and methods. The observation group consisted of 60 women of middle reproductive age who applied for an appointment with an obstetriciangynecologist with complaints of pain of various types localized in the perineum and pelvis, decreased desire and quality of sexual life, clinically confirmed by a diagnosis of incompetence of the pelvic floor muscles. The control group consisted of 30 women without dysfunction of the pelvic floor muscles according to clinical examination. The main criterion for inclusion of patients in the study was reproductive age - 18–45 years and natural childbirth in obstetric and gynecological history. Results. We found that the absence of visible sonographic markers of changes in the myofascial structures of the pelvis is not a prognostically significant criterion for muscle dysfunction, since predominantly changes in morphometric parameters are a reliable sign of the formation of pelvic floor muscle failure. Conclusion. The ultrasound morphometry method, which allows one to assess dynamic changes in the size of muscle and fascial structures, can be used in the clinical practice of an obstetrician-gynecologist. Early diagnosis of a violation of the structure of pelvis myofascial complex will allow early implementation of measures aimed at prevention and timely treatment.

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7

Rocca Rossetti, Salvatore. "Functional anatomy of pelvic floor." Archivio Italiano di Urologia e Andrologia 88, no. 1 (March 31, 2016): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/aiua.2016.1.28.

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Generally, descriptions of the pelvic floor are discordant, since its complex structures and the complexity of pathological disorders of such structures; commonly the descriptions are sectorial, concerning muscles, fascial developments, ligaments and so on. On the contrary to understand completely nature and function of the pelvic floor it is necessary to study it in the most unitary view and in the most global aspect, considering embriology, philogenesy, anthropologic development and its multiple activities others than urological, gynaecological and intestinal ones. Recent acquirements succeeded in clarifying many aspects of pelvic floor activity, whose musculature has been investigated through electromyography, sonography, magnetic resonance, histology, histochemistry, molecular research. Utilizing recent research concerning not only urinary and gynecologic aspects but also those regarding statics and dynamics of pelvis and its floor, it is now possible to study this important body part as a unit; that means to consider it in the whole body economy to which maintaining upright position, walking and behavior or physical conduct do not share less than urinary, genital, and intestinal functions. It is today possible to consider the pelvic floor as a musclefascial unit with synergic and antagonistic activity of muscular bundles, among them more or less interlaced, with multiple functions and not only the function of pelvic cup closure.

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8

Gilyadova, Aida, Anton Ishchenko, Elena Puchkova, Elena Mershina, Viktor Petrovichev, and Igor Reshetov. "Diagnostic Value of Dynamic Magnetic Resonance Imaging (dMRI) of the Pelvic Floor in Genital Prolapses." Biomedicines 11, no. 10 (October 20, 2023): 2849. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11102849.

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Pelvic organ prolapse is a chronic disease resulting from a weakening of the musculoskeletal apparatus of the pelvic organs. For the diagnosis of this pathology, it is insufficient to conduct only a clinical examination. An effective diagnostic tool is the method of dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the pelvic floor, which allows a comprehensive assessment of the anatomical and functional characteristics of the walls of the pelvis and pelvic organs. The aim of the study was to analyze the literature data on the possibilities and limitations of using dynamic MRI in pelvic organ prolapse. The widespread use of the dynamic MRI method is due to the high quality of the resulting image, good reproducibility, and the maximum ability to display the characteristics of the pelvic floor. Dynamic MRI of the small pelvis allows a comprehensive assessment of the anatomical and functional features of the pelvis, excluding the effect of ionizing radiation on the body. The method is characterized by good visualization with high resolution and excellent soft tissue contrast. The method allows for assessing the state of the evacuation function of visualized structures in dynamics. Simultaneous imaging of all three parts of the pelvic floor using dynamic MRI makes it possible to assess multicompartment disorders. The anatomical characteristics of the state of the pelvic organs in the norm and in the event of prolapse are considered. The technique for performing the method and the procedure for analyzing the resulting images are described. The possibilities of diagnosing a multicomponent lesion are considered, while it is noted that dynamic MRI of the pelvic organs provides visualization and functional analysis of all three parts of the pelvis and often allows the choice and correction of tactics for the surgical treatment of pelvic organ prolapse. It is noted that dynamic MRI is characterized by a high resolution of the obtained images, and the advantage of the method is the ability to detect functional changes accompanying the pathology of the pelvic floor.

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9

Neumann, PA, AS Mehdorn, G. Puehse, N. Senninger, and E. Rijcken. "Perineal herniation of an ileal neobladder following radical cystectomy and consecutive rectal resection for recurrent bladder carcinoma." Annals of The Royal College of Surgeons of England 98, no. 04 (April 1, 2016): e62-e64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/rcsann.2016.0102.

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Secondary perineal herniation of intraperitoneal contents represents a rare complication following procedures such as abdominoperineal rectal resection or cystectomy. We present a case of a perineal hernia formation with prolapse of an ileum neobladder following radical cystectomy and rectal resection for recurrent bladder cancer. Following consecutive resections in the anterior and posterior compartment of the lesser pelvis, the patient developed problems emptying his neobladder. Clinical examination and computed tomography revealed perineal herniation of his neobladder through the pelvic floor. Through a perineal approach, the hernial sac could be repositioned, and via a combination of absorbable and non-absorbable synthetic mesh grafts, the pelvic floor was stabilised. Follow-up review at one year after hernia fixation showed no signs of recurrence and no symptoms.In cases of extensive surgery in the lesser pelvis with associated weakness of the pelvic compartments, meshes should be considered for closure of the pelvic floor. Development of biological meshes with reduced risk of infection might be an interesting treatment option in these cases.

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10

Jorge, José Marcio N., and Leonardo A. Bustamante-Lopez. "Pelvic floor anatomy." Annals of Laparoscopic and Endoscopic Surgery 7 (April 2022): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/ales-2022-06.

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11

Brenner, Darren M. "Pelvic Floor Disorders." Gastroenterology Clinics of North America 51, no. 1 (March 2022): i. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0889-8553(22)00003-6.

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12

Shin, Jae-Seop. "Pelvic Floor Exercise." Journal of the Korean Continence Society 1, no. 1 (1997): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5213/jkcs.1997.1.1.13.

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13

Rial Rebullido, Tamara, Iván Chulvi-Medrano, Avery D. Faigenbaum, and Andrea Stracciolini. "Pelvic Floor Dysfunction." Strength and Conditioning Journal 41, no. 6 (December 2019): 123–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1519/ssc.0000000000000510.

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14

Henry, M. "Pelvic floor disorders." Current Opinion in Gastroenterology 4, no. 1 (January 1988): 40–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00001574-198801000-00009.

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15

Henry, M. "Pelvic floor disorders." Current Opinion in Gastroenterology 5, no. 1 (February 1989): 53–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00001574-198902000-00010.

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16

Shelly, Beth. "The Pelvic Floor." Journal of Women's Health Physical Therapy 30, no. 3 (2006): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01274882-200630030-00013.

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17

DIETZ, HANS PETER. "Pelvic Floor Ultrasound." Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology 60, no. 1 (March 2017): 58–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/grf.0000000000000264.

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18

Bhattacharya, Surajit. "Pelvic floor repair." Indian Journal of Urology 29, no. 1 (2013): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0970-1591.110000.

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19

Simoncini, Tommaso. "Pelvic floor preservation." Maturitas 124 (June 2019): 126–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.maturitas.2019.04.057.

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20

Cherry, David A., and David A. Rothenberger. "Pelvic Floor Physiology." Surgical Clinics of North America 68, no. 6 (December 1988): 1217–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0039-6109(16)44682-7.

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21

Sèbe, Philippe, Olivier Traxer, and François Haab. "Pelvic Floor Imaging." EAU Update Series 1, no. 3 (September 2003): 128–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1570-9124(03)00041-2.

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22

Unger, Cecile A., Milena M. Weinstein, and Dolores H. Pretorius. "Pelvic Floor Imaging." Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics of North America 38, no. 1 (March 2011): 23–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ogc.2011.02.002.

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23

Good, Meadow Maze, and Ellen R. Solomon. "Pelvic Floor Disorders." Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics of North America 46, no. 3 (September 2019): 527–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ogc.2019.04.010.

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24

DIETZ, HANS PETER. "PELVIC FLOOR ASSESSMENT." Fetal and Maternal Medicine Review 20, no. 1 (February 2009): 49–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s096553950900237x.

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The topic of pelvic floor assessment is increasingly attracting attention from gynaecologists, colorectal surgeons, urologists and physiotherapists. This is not surprising, many women who have given birth naturally are affected by pelvic floor trauma, and so are their partners. Health professionals deal with the eventual consequences of such trauma, especially pelvic organ prolapse and faecal incontinence.

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25

Hull, Tracy L., and Jeffrey W. Milsom. "Pelvic Floor Disorders." Surgical Clinics of North America 74, no. 6 (December 1994): 1399–413. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0039-6109(16)46489-3.

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26

Sapsford, Ruth. "The Pelvic Floor." Physiotherapy 87, no. 12 (December 2001): 620–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0031-9406(05)61107-8.

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27

Vasavada, Sandip P., Craig V. Comiter, and Shlomo Raz. "Pelvic Floor Relaxation." Atlas of the Urologic Clinics 8, no. 1 (April 2000): 141–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1063-5777(05)70144-4.

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28

Dietz, Hans Peter. "Pelvic Floor Ultrasound." Current Surgery Reports 1, no. 3 (July 9, 2013): 167–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40137-013-0026-x.

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29

Artibani, W., F. Haab, and P. Hilton. "Pelvic Floor Reconstruction." European Urology 42, no. 1 (July 2002): I—XI. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0302-2838(02)00036-2.

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30

Artibani, W., Stuart L. Stanton, D. Kumar, and R. Villet. "Pelvic Floor Reconstruction." European Urology 39, no. 2 (2001): 241–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000052445.

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31

Dodi, Giuseppe. "Pelvic floor digest." Techniques in Coloproctology 11, no. 3 (September 2007): 286–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10151-007-0369-3.

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32

Stoker, Jaap, Steve Halligan, and Clive I. Bartram. "Pelvic Floor Imaging." Radiology 218, no. 3 (March 2001): 621–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1148/radiology.218.3.r01mr26621.

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33

Dietz, Hans. "Pelvic Floor Ultrasound." Current Medical Imaging Reviews 2, no. 2 (May 1, 2006): 271–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157340506776930629.

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34

Wald, A. "Pelvic floor neuropathy." Gut 30, no. 1 (January 1, 1989): 140–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gut.30.1.140.

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35

Unger, Cecile A., Milena M. Weinstein, and Dolores H. Pretorius. "Pelvic Floor Imaging." Ultrasound Clinics 5, no. 2 (April 2010): 313–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cult.2010.04.002.

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36

Bourcier, A. "Pelvic floor rehabilitation." International Urogynecology Journal 1, no. 1 (March 1990): 31–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00373606.

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37

Hainsworth, A. J., D. Solanki, A. Hamad, S. J. Morris, A. M. P. Schizas, and A. B. Williams. "Integrated total pelvic floor ultrasound in pelvic floor defaecatory dysfunction." Colorectal Disease 19, no. 1 (January 2017): O54—O65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/codi.13568.

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38

Tibaek, Sigrid, and Christian Dehlendorff. "Pelvic floor muscle function in women with pelvic floor dysfunction." International Urogynecology Journal 25, no. 5 (December 12, 2013): 663–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00192-013-2277-6.

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39

Chemidronov, S. N., A. V. Kolsanov, and G. N. Suvorova. "Human’s levator ani muscle & rectum syntopic relations in the light of classic and digital morphologic methods’ data." Bulletin of the Medical Institute "REAVIZ" (REHABILITATION, DOCTOR AND HEALTH) 13, no. 4 (August 11, 2023): 14–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.20340/vmi-rvz.2023.4.morph.1.

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Recently, one of the most pressing issues of modern medicine is pelvic floor dysfunction, which includes pelvic organ prolapse, urinary and fecal incontinence []. The leading role in maintaining the pelvic organs is assigned to levator ani muscle. The study of attachment features of muscle to pelvis, rectum will clarify the pathogenesis of pelvic floor insufficiency and development of incontinence symptoms and pelvic organs prolapse. The use of classical morphological and innovation technologies of «Autoplan» hardware and software complex using MRI data made it possible to identify morphologically denser and sparse zones of the wall of the distal rectum, directly related to the attachment of levator ani muscle fibers to it.

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40

Roch, Mélanie, Nathaly Gaudreault, Marie-Pierre Cyr, Gabriel Venne, Nathalie J. Bureau, and Mélanie Morin. "The Female Pelvic Floor Fascia Anatomy: A Systematic Search and Review." Life 11, no. 9 (August 30, 2021): 900. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life11090900.

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The female pelvis is a complex anatomical region comprising the pelvic organs, muscles, neurovascular supplies, and fasciae. The anatomy of the pelvic floor and its fascial components are currently poorly described and misunderstood. This systematic search and review aimed to explore and summarize the current state of knowledge on the fascial anatomy of the pelvic floor in women. Methods: A systematic search was performed using Medline and Scopus databases. A synthesis of the findings with a critical appraisal was subsequently carried out. The risk of bias was assessed with the Anatomical Quality Assurance Tool. Results: A total of 39 articles, involving 1192 women, were included in the review. Although the perineal membrane, tendinous arch of pelvic fascia, pubourethral ligaments, rectovaginal fascia, and perineal body were the most frequently described structures, uncertainties were identified in micro- and macro-anatomy. The risk of bias was scored as low in 16 studies (41%), unclear in 3 studies (8%), and high in 20 studies (51%). Conclusions: This review provides the best available evidence on the female anatomy of the pelvic floor fasciae. Future studies should be conducted to clarify the discrepancies highlighted and accurately describe the pelvic floor fasciae.

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Tian, Daoming, Zhenhua Gao, Hang Zhou, Han Lin, Xingqi Wang, Ling Li, Xunguo Yang, Yubin Wen, Quan Zhang, and Jihong Shen. "A Comparative Study on the Clinical Efficacy of Simple Transobturator Midurethal Sling and Posterior Pelvic Floor Reconstruction." Medicina 59, no. 1 (January 12, 2023): 155. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina59010155.

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Background and Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare the complications, success rate and satisfaction of pelvic floor reconstruction after transobturator midurethral sling (TOT) and TOT combined with pelvic floor reconstruction in the treatment of female stress urinary incontinence. To explore the pathogenesis of stress urinary incontinence after pelvic floor stress injury and improve the surgical treatment strategy. Materials and Methods: From 15 August 2018 to 24 February 2022, patients diagnosed with stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and secondary prolapse of the anterior pelvis were selected to receive surgically. Participants were followed up and evaluated at 2 months, 6 months and 1 year after treatment. According to the patient’s chief complaint, the patient can urinate automatically without incontinence. The number of urinary incontinence and urine leakage was significantly reduced compared with those before operation. Urinary incontinence symptoms did not improve or worsen as ineffective, observing the efficacy and complications. Results: We included 191 patients in the TOT group and 151 patients in the pelvic floor reconstruction group after TOT was combined. The operation time and hospital stay in the TOT group were short, but the TOT group needed a second operation to treat recurrent SUI. Perioperative complications were mostly dysuria, and the incidence of postoperative complications in the group of TOT combined with pelvic floor reconstruction was low. The complete success rate and effective rate of pelvic floor reconstruction after TOT in the merger group were significantly higher than those in the TOT group, and the patient satisfaction and complete success rate were also higher. Conclusions: TOT combined with posterior pelvic floor reconstruction has a definite short-term effect on patients with SUI and anterior pelvic secondary prolapse. The operation design should pay attention to the support of the posterior wall of the perineum to the bladder neck and the middle and proximal end of the urethra.

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42

Wang, Xiaolan, Fan Yang, Wenjuan Chen, and Xiaohong Yuan. "Ultrasonic Diagnosis and Analysis of the Effect of Labor Analgesia on Early Pelvic Floor Function and Pelvic Floor Dysfunction." Journal of Medical Imaging and Health Informatics 11, no. 7 (July 1, 2021): 1903–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jmihi.2021.3585.

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Pelvic floor dysfunction disease (PFD) is a common pelvic organ dysfunction disease in the clinic of obstetrics and gynecology. Its cause is mainly the damage, defects and dysfunction of the pelvic floor support structure. Not only is the pathogenesis complicated, but also various symptoms coexist, which seriously affects the physical and mental health of female patients. Mechanical injury of the pelvic floor fascia tissue and levator ani muscles is the anatomical basis of PFD after birth; early postpartum pelvic floor examination and treatment can prevent and control the occurrence or development of PFD. Spinal canal anesthesia has good analgesic effect during labor and delivery, has little effect on mothers and infants, and is widely used. However, there are few domestic and foreign reports on the effect of labor analgesia on the pelvic floor. Labor analgesia relaxes the pelvic floor muscles, unblocks the birth canal, and the influence on the pelvic floor muscles is worth exploring. Based on the pelvic floor muscle strength screening to understand the changes in the function of the pelvic floor muscles, combined with the three-dimensional pelvic floor ultrasound examination, the pelvic floor structure and the levator ani muscle are clearly imaged, and the pelvic floor muscle structure is evaluated in the natural state and the analgesic muscle relaxation state. This study used a combination of the two to evaluate the effect of labor analgesia on pelvic floor function of primiparous women; provide individualized intervention treatment for high-risk groups screened; provide clinical basis for the prevention and treatment of PFD.

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43

Caagbay, Delena-Mae, Kirsten Black, Ganesh Dangal, and Camille Rayes-Greenow. "Can a Leaflet with Brief Verbal Instruction Teach Nepali Women How to Correctly Contract Their Pelvic Floor Muscles?" Journal of Nepal Health Research Council 15, no. 2 (September 15, 2017): 105–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnhrc.v15i2.18160.

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Background: Pelvic organ prolapse is a common disorder for women in Nepal causing symptoms and reduced quality of life. Pelvic floor muscle exercise is a conservative treatment option for pelvic organ prolapse but the effective way to teach women in Nepal is not known. The objective of this pilot study was to determine if an illustrative leaflet with brief verbal instruction could teach Nepali women to correctly contract their pelvic floor muscles.Methods: Fifteen parous women attending two outpatient gynecology clinics in Kathmandu Valley were interviewed to assess their knowledge of pelvic organ prolapse and pelvic floor muscles exercise. Following verbal instruction and an illustrative leaflet on how to contract their pelvic floor muscles, the transabdominal real time ultrasound was applied to assess the muscle contraction. Results: The median age of 15 participants was 45 years (range 18-75 years) and 10 women had pelvic organ prolapse. Some of the participants (9/15) knew about pelvic organ prolapse but none were aware of the pelvic floor muscles. After being taught how to contract their pelvic floor muscle, only 4 of 14 correctly contracted the pelvic floor muscle. Conclusions: This study highlighted the low knowledge of the pelvic floor muscle, and brief verbal instruction with an illustrative leaflet is also not sufficient in teaching Nepali women how to correctly contract their pelvic floor muscle. Further research is needed to determine how to teach a correct pelvic floor muscle contraction for women with low literacy in resource poor settings.

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44

Rehan Haider. "Sexual Aspects of the Female Pelvic Floor." International Journal of Integrative Sciences 2, no. 10 (October 30, 2023): 1501–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.55927/ijis.v2i10.6165.

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The female pelvic floor is a complex bodily and corporeal form that accompanies a fault-finding role in different bodily functions and contains intercourse fitness. This abstract investigates the intercourse facets of the female pelvic floor, stressing their significance in intercourse function and delight. The pelvic floor of women consists of muscles, ligaments, and combined tissues that support the pouch, uterus, and rectum. Its basic functions include claiming self-restraint, advocating for pelvic means, and providing intercourse. Pelvic floor power plays a critical role during intercourse. They help with vaginal shortages, support the uterus in a promoted position, and are complicated by carrying out orgasms through cadence shortening. However, various factors can influence intercourse facets of the pelvic floor in women. These include childbirth, declining hormone levels, and pelvic floor disorders. Childbirth can cause fabric damage and jolting. Aging and hormonal changes can influence declining muscle attitude, vaginal aridity, and intercourse comfort. Pelvic floor disorders, such as moving down or debauchery, can lead to anxiety and decreased intercourse. Treatment alternatives for pelvic floor-connected intercourse issues include pelvic floor exercises (Kegel exercises), tangible therapy, birth control remedies, and surgical medications. Addressing intercourse facets of the female pelvic floor is determined by the correct intercourse function, intimacy, and overall growth status of the girls

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Jeong, Hong Yoon, Shi-Jun Yang, Dong Ho Cho, Duk Hoon Park, and Jong Kyun Lee. "Comparison of 3-Dimensional Pelvic Floor Ultrasonography and Defecography for Assessment of Posterior Pelvic Floor Disorders." Annals of Coloproctology 36, no. 4 (August 31, 2020): 256–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3393/ac.2020.02.09.

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Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the accuracy of 3-dimensional (3D) pelvic floor ultrasonography and compare it with defecography in assessment of posterior pelvic disorders.Methods: Eligible patients were consecutive women undergoing 3D pelvic floor ultrasonography at one hospital between August 2017 and February 2019. All 3D pelvic floor ultrasonography was performed by one examiner. A total of 167 patients with suspected posterior pelvic disorder was retrospectively enrolled in the study. The patients were divided into 3 groups according to the main symptoms.Results: There were 82 rectoceles on defecography (55 barium trapping) and 84 on 3D pelvic floor ultrasonography. Each modality identified 6 enteroceles. There were 43 patients with pelvic floor dyssynergia on defecography and 41 on ultrasonography. There were 84 patients with intussusception on defecography and 41 on 3D pelvic floor ultrasonography. Agreement of the 2 diagnostic tests was confirmed using Cohen’s kappa value. Rectocele (kappa, 0.784) and enterocele (kappa, 0.654) both indicated good agreement between defecography and 3D pelvic floor ultrasonography. In addition, pelvic floor dyssynergia (kappa, 0.406) showed moderate agreement, while internal intussusception (kappa, 0.296) had fair agreement.Conclusion: This study showed good agreement for detection of posterior pelvic disorders between defecography and 3D pelvic floor ultrasonography.

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Castelán, Francisco, Estela Cuevas-Romero, and Margarita Martínez-Gómez. "The Expression of Hormone Receptors as a Gateway toward Understanding Endocrine Actions in Female Pelvic Floor Muscles." Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets 20, no. 3 (March 24, 2020): 305–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1871530319666191009154751.

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Objective: To provide an overview of the hormone actions and receptors expressed in the female pelvic floor muscles, relevant for understanding the pelvic floor disorders. Methods: We performed a literature review focused on the expression of hormone receptors mainly in the pelvic floor muscles of women and female rats and rabbits. Results: The impairment of the pelvic floor muscles can lead to the onset of pelvic floor dysfunctions, including stress urinary incontinence in women. Hormone milieu is associated with the structure and function alterations of pelvic floor muscles, a notion supported by the fact that these muscles express different hormone receptors. Nuclear receptors, such as steroid receptors, are up till now the most investigated. The present review accounts for the limited studies conducted to elucidate the expression of hormone receptors in pelvic floor muscles in females. Conclusion: Hormone receptor expression is the cornerstone in some hormone-based therapies, which require further detailed studies on the distribution of receptors in particular pelvic floor muscles, as well as their association with muscle effectors, involved in the alterations relevant for understanding pelvic floor disorders.

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Muta, Nao. "Pelvic floor muscle training for pelvic organ prolapse ~Pelvic floor rehabilitation in our hospital~." Japanese Journal of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine 71, no. 3 (June 1, 2022): 263–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.7600/jspfsm.71.263.

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Graf, Eveline, Barbara Borner, and Jessica Pehlke. "Pelvic floor muscles after birth: Do unstable shoes have an effect on pelvic floor activity and can this be measured reliably? – A feasibility study / Der Beckenboden nach der Geburt: Verändern instabile Schuhe die Aktivität und kann diese reliabel gemessen werden? – Eine Machbarkeitsstudie." International Journal of Health Professions 6, no. 1 (November 6, 2019): 116–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ijhp-2019-0013.

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Abstract Background Women often suffer from urinary incontinence after childbirth. Pelvic floor muscle training is an evidenced-based intervention to prevent urinary incontinence and improve its symptoms Aim The primary purpose of this study was to determine if there is a change in the activation of the pelvic floor muscles with different extrinsic parameters (barefoot versus unstable shoe). Second, we wanted to define variables that can be measured reliably and correlated with pelvic floor activity. Methods Data of 15 women who were 8 weeks to 6 months postpartum were analyzed. Two conditions (“barefoot” and “kyBoot”) were tested, with each participant performing three different tasks: walking, standing with an active pelvic floor, and standing with a passive pelvic floor. Three-dimensional kinematics of the body were recorded. Activity of the abdominal, back, and gluteal muscles was measured using surface electromyography (EMG). The activity of the pelvic floor was recorded using a vaginal electrode. Maximum pelvic floor activity was compared for each condition, and correlations among pelvic floor activity, kinematic variables, and skeletal muscle activity were determined. Results The maximum activity of the pelvic floor while walking was significantly higher when participants were barefoot than when they were wearing kyBoot shoes. For the standing trials, no significant differences between the conditions were detected. No surrogate marker was found to measure the pelvic floor activity. Conclusion With regard to the pelvic floor musculature, no recommendation is possible in favor of or against wearing unstable shoes. Technical developments are necessary to provide solutions to reliably measure the pelvic floor activity.

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Hagen, Suzanne, Carol Bugge, Sarah G. Dean, Andrew Elders, Jean Hay-Smith, Mary Kilonzo, Doreen McClurg, et al. "Basic versus biofeedback-mediated intensive pelvic floor muscle training for women with urinary incontinence: the OPAL RCT." Health Technology Assessment 24, no. 70 (December 2020): 1–144. http://dx.doi.org/10.3310/hta24700.

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Background Urinary incontinence affects one in three women worldwide. Pelvic floor muscle training is an effective treatment. Electromyography biofeedback (providing visual or auditory feedback of internal muscle movement) is an adjunct that may improve outcomes. Objectives To determine the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of biofeedback-mediated intensive pelvic floor muscle training (biofeedback pelvic floor muscle training) compared with basic pelvic floor muscle training for treating female stress urinary incontinence or mixed urinary incontinence. Design A multicentre, parallel-group randomised controlled trial of the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of biofeedback pelvic floor muscle training compared with basic pelvic floor muscle training, with a mixed-methods process evaluation and a longitudinal qualitative case study. Group allocation was by web-based application, with minimisation by urinary incontinence type, centre, age and baseline urinary incontinence severity. Participants, therapy providers and researchers were not blinded to group allocation. Six-month pelvic floor muscle assessments were conducted by a blinded assessor. Setting This trial was set in UK community and outpatient care settings. Participants Women aged ≥ 18 years, with new stress urinary incontinence or mixed urinary incontinence. The following women were excluded: those with urgency urinary incontinence alone, those who had received formal instruction in pelvic floor muscle training in the previous year, those unable to contract their pelvic floor muscles, those pregnant or < 6 months postnatal, those with prolapse greater than stage II, those currently having treatment for pelvic cancer, those with cognitive impairment affecting capacity to give informed consent, those with neurological disease, those with a known nickel allergy or sensitivity and those currently participating in other research relating to their urinary incontinence. Interventions Both groups were offered six appointments over 16 weeks to receive biofeedback pelvic floor muscle training or basic pelvic floor muscle training. Home biofeedback units were provided to the biofeedback pelvic floor muscle training group. Behaviour change techniques were built in to both interventions. Main outcome measures The primary outcome was urinary incontinence severity at 24 months (measured using the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Urinary Incontinence Short Form score, range 0–21, with a higher score indicating greater severity). The secondary outcomes were urinary incontinence cure/improvement, other urinary and pelvic floor symptoms, urinary incontinence-specific quality of life, self-efficacy for pelvic floor muscle training, global impression of improvement in urinary incontinence, adherence to the exercise, uptake of other urinary incontinence treatment and pelvic floor muscle function. The primary health economic outcome was incremental cost per quality-adjusted-life-year gained at 24 months. Results A total of 300 participants were randomised per group. The primary analysis included 225 and 235 participants (biofeedback and basic pelvic floor muscle training, respectively). The mean 24-month International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Urinary Incontinence Short Form score was 8.2 (standard deviation 5.1) for biofeedback pelvic floor muscle training and 8.5 (standard deviation 4.9) for basic pelvic floor muscle training (adjusted mean difference –0.09, 95% confidence interval –0.92 to 0.75; p = 0.84). A total of 48 participants had a non-serious adverse event (34 in the biofeedback pelvic floor muscle training group and 14 in the basic pelvic floor muscle training group), of whom 23 (21 in the biofeedback pelvic floor muscle training group and 2 in the basic pelvic floor muscle training group) had an event related/possibly related to the interventions. In addition, there were eight serious adverse events (six in the biofeedback pelvic floor muscle training group and two in the basic pelvic floor muscle training group), all unrelated to the interventions. At 24 months, biofeedback pelvic floor muscle training was not significantly more expensive than basic pelvic floor muscle training, but neither was it associated with significantly more quality-adjusted life-years. The probability that biofeedback pelvic floor muscle training would be cost-effective was 48% at a £20,000 willingness to pay for a quality-adjusted life-year threshold. The process evaluation confirmed that the biofeedback pelvic floor muscle training group received an intensified intervention and both groups received basic pelvic floor muscle training core components. Women were positive about both interventions, adherence to both interventions was similar and both interventions were facilitated by desire to improve their urinary incontinence and hindered by lack of time. Limitations Women unable to contract their muscles were excluded, as biofeedback is recommended for these women. Conclusions There was no evidence of a difference between biofeedback pelvic floor muscle training and basic pelvic floor muscle training. Future work Research should investigate other ways to intensify pelvic floor muscle training to improve continence outcomes. Trial registration Current Controlled Trial ISRCTN57746448. Funding This project was funded by the NIHR Health Technology Assessment programme and will be published in full in Health Technology Assessment; Vol. 24, No. 70. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information.

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Shah, Saleh. "Empowering pelvic floor rehabilitation: Unveiling technological innovations in the pelvic floor muscle chair; insights and hurdles in the pakistani context." Rehabilitation Journal 07, no. 03 (September 30, 2023): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.52567/trehabj.v7i03.10.

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Owing to the expeditious advancement of research and technology, the Physical therapy and rehabilitation sciences have made a remarkable pace in recent years. This blooming enhancement has metamorphosed pelvic floor dysfunction treatment and has a great impression on the medical and allied health sciences field. In this article, technological advancements in pelvic floor muscles are explored. It also overviews Pakistan- specific challenges and considerations[1]. Intending to help and manage patients with pelvic floor dysfunction, biofeedback training uses sensors to put forward real-time feedback on pelvic floor muscle activity. It has illustrated Potential enhancement in pelvic floor muscle functioning and curtailing symptoms of pelvic floor muscle dysfunction[2]. The pelvic floor muscles are stimulated using low-intensity electrical currents, resulting in solid muscle contraction, and strengthening. It is promising in improving pelvic floor muscle dysfunction and urine incontinence[3]. Behavioral therapy aims to modify the routines and behavior open to pelvic floor dysfunction. It necessitates lifestyle modifications, bladder retraining, and pelvic floor muscle exercises. It has victoriously improved pelvic floor muscle weakness and urinary incontinence as well[4]. Manual treatment methods that include physical manipulation of the pelvic floor muscles and associated tissues include trigger point release and myofascial release. These methods reduce muscular stress, enhance blood flow, and increase muscle function[5]. While developed nations have successfully incorporated modern technology into rehabilitation practices, the Pakistani context presents unique insights and challenges. The lack of updated curriculum, limited training opportunities, and budgetary constraints hinder the adoption of the latest technological advancements in pelvic floor rehabilitation in Pakistan. To overcome these hurdles, the following steps are recommended; Curriculum Update: Rehabilitation degree programs should revise their curricula to align with global advancements in technology. The inclusion of courses focusing on pelvic floor rehabilitation and modern technological interventions would better equip future professionals. Continuous Professional Development: Continuous professional development programs should be designed to upskill already graduated professionals in the field of pelvic floor rehabilitation technology. These programs will ensure that healthcare practitioners stay updated with the latest innovations and can effectively incorporate them into their practice. Increased Budget Allocation: Allocating a higher budget to the rehabilitation sector, specifically for technological advancements, is crucial. Adequate financial resources would enable the acquisition of state-of-the-art equipment, infrastructure development, and research initiatives, thereby facilitating the integration of technological innovations in pelvic floor rehabilitation. Finally, technological innovations have transformed the landscape of pelvic floor rehabilitation, offering new possibilities for improved outcomes. In the Pakistani context, addressing the insights and hurdles specific to the country is vital for empowering pelvic floor rehabilitation and ensuring that individuals with pelvic floor disorders receive the benefits of modern technology.

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