Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Penedès'
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Robles, Giménez Josep Maria. "Miocene carnivorans from the Vallès-Penedès Basin (NE Iberian Peninsula)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/284933.
Full textThis doctoral dissertation provides an updated review of the fossil carnivorans (Mammalia: Carnivora) from the Miocene of the Vallès-‐Penedès Basin. Situated in NE Iberian Peninsula, this basin is characterized by a rich fossiliferous record of terrestrial vertebrates. While some groups, such as primates, have been thoroughly studied, the fossil record of carnivorans had not been studied in detail for several decades. After three introductory chapters devoted to carnivoran phylogeny and anatomy, the general methods employed in the dissertation, and the geological and biostratigraphic framework of the Vallès-‐Penedès Basin, the main body of the dissertation is composed of five chapters devoted to the biostratigraphy of Western Eurasia (with emphasis on the Vallès-‐Penedès Basin) as well as to the taxonomy and phylogeny of selected groups of carnivorans. In particular, these chapters provide emended diagnoses and cladistic analyses of various taxa— Trocharion albanense (Mustelidae: Leptarctinae) and Albanosmilus jourdani (Barbourofelidae)—based on previously unpublished remains from this basin. These chapters further describe new remains of various felids from the genera Styriofelis (Felidae: Felinae), Pseudaelurus (Felidae: Felinae) and Machairodus (Felidae: Machairodontinae), and on their basis they review their chronostratigraphic distribution in the Vallès-‐Penedès Basin. Significant taxonomic contributions are also done in the appendices of the work. In one of them, a new genus, Kretzoiarctos (Ursidae: Ailuropodinae)—representing the earliest recorded member of the giant panda lineage—is described, and their implications for ursid evolution are discussed. In the other appendix, the whole carnivoran record of the Miocene from the Vallès-‐Penedès Basin is reviewed and updated based on the revision of the available fossil remains. The results of the dissertation are integrated and summarized in the discussion and conclusions, which provide a summary review of the evolutionary history of the Carnivora in the Vallès-‐Penedès Basin. Overal, this dissertation provides an update of the known fossil record of carnivorans in this basin, mostly from a taxonomic and phylogenetic viewpoint, but further exploring its paleobiogeographic and biostratigraphic implications. It is concluded that 55 carnivoran species, belonging to 11 families, are currently recorded in the Miocene of the Vallès-‐Penedès Basin. Changes in carnivoran paleobiodiversity through time in this basin are further discussed. Besides the contributions to the knowledge of carnivoran evolution in general, and of the vertebrate fossil record of the Vallès-‐ Penedès Basin in particular, this dissertaion further highlights the need to perform detailed taxonomic studies before using paleontological data published long ago for performing studies of diversity dynamics.
Esteve, Fernández Jaime. "Los minerales pesados del Mioceno de la fosa neógena del Vallès-Penedès. Caracterización, evaluación e hipótesis de procedencia." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/400615.
Full text1. The present study includes a survey of the heavy metals in detrital material from Miocene collected in the Vallès-Penedès basin, and a survey of heavy metals in detrital material from the latest Holocene, so as to compare both of them. 2. Some practical considerations to improve methodology to identify and separate heavy metals in the lab. 3. It is cited for the first time the presence of APS minerals in Miocene and Holocene. Its source area has been located at the base of the Triassic (Permian-Triassic/lower Buntsandstein), their physico-chemical properties of these minerals are studied. It is proposed that their formation was within a lateritic medium, with possible supergene enrichment. 4. It has been made a comprehensive review on both morphological and physico-chemicalcharacteristics of gold particles taken in different sampling points, which were estimated according to their possible source area. Traditional methods for measuring SFC and IA are reviewed. There are proposed alternatives to measure the weight and gold particles when they are so small that is very difficult to handle them. 5. Holocene sands and gravels are studied and compared with those of Miocene along the present river beds. Anthropogenic materials and their origin are also described. 5.1- The distributions of the abundance of the most important heavy metal is shown in a EW map. Some of the most representative outcrops are located near or equidistant from the mountains that delimit the northern fault of the basin. In some cases it is shown their paleographic value. 5.2- The gathered heavy metals are described by means of words and images, so as to facilitate their visual identification in future studies. 6. From an economical point of view it has made clear that none of the mineral particles analyzed are valuable, since their amount (grams/ton) is below the minimum necessary level to think about future prospective plans in that area, regarding the current price of metal. 7. New research fronts are opened. They are exposed in the conclusions of each chapter and summarized in the final results section.
Jovells, Vaqué Sílvia. "Early Miocene cricetids from the Vallès- Penedès Basin (Catalonia): taxonomy, biostratigraphy and paleoecological implications." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/670583.
Full textEl registro de roedores del Mioceno inferior y principios del Mioceno medio (finales del Rambliense hasta el Aragoniense medio; ca. 19-15 Ma) del Vallès-Penedès (Cataluña, Nordeste de España) es mucho más rico y continuo de lo que se pensaba. Esta tesis esta centrad en la descripción de la fauna de cricétidos durante esta época y en sus implicaciones bioestratigráficas, paleobiogeográficas y paleoambientales. El cuerpo principal de esta tesis se centra en el estudio sistemático de los cricétidos de todas las localidades de la cuenca del Vallès-Penedès durante el Mioceno inferior y principios del Mioceno medio. El material estudiado consta de casi unos 1000 dientes aislados así como de fragmentos maxilares y mandibulares y también de un cráneo parcial. En el registro de roedores de la cuenca del Vallès-Penedes encontramos cuatro géneros diferentes durante este tiempo (final del Rambliense – Aragoniense medio, MN3-MN5). El cricétido arcaico Melissiodon dominans es común en la zona A dl Rambliense (ca. 19.3-17.2 Ma), antes de la dispersión de los llamados “cricétidos modernos” de los géneros Democricetodon y Megacricetodon. Estos cricétidos modernos son componentes dominantes de las faunas Aragonienses (ca. 1.5-15 Ma) e incluyen cuatro especies del genero Democricetodon (D. hispanicus, D. cf. decipiens, D. gracilis, D. sp. 4) y una del género Megacricetodon (M. primitivus). El paracricetodontino Eumyarion weinfurteri y los últimos Melissiodon dominans completan la asociación de cricétidos aunque las dos son especies generalmente raras. En general, la sucesión de cricétidos del Mioceno inferior muestra varias afinidades con la zona tipo del Aragoniense, la cuenca de Calatayud-Montalbán (Aragón, España), permitiendo así el uso de la misma bioestratigrafía local de alta definición, incluyendo solo unas pocas modificaciones. A demás, las faunas del Vallès-Penedès presentan algunas similitudes con las faunas de Europa central. Los resultados bioestratigraficos combinados con los magnetoestratigráficos permiten la precisar la edad de algunos eventos bióticos importantes que caracterizan el Mioceno inferior, incluyendo eventos de dispersión de especies de otros continentes a Europa occidental. Finalmente, se reconstruyen les condiciones paleoclimáticas regionales entre ca. 19 y 15 Ma en base a la fauna de pequeños mamíferos y se compara con otros registros de Europa occidental. Los patrones de paleoprecipitación inferidos a partir de la estructura de la comunidad de pequeños mamíferos indica una aridificación regional coincidiendo con el Óptimo Climático del Mioceno medio de entre hace 16.5 y 15 Ma. A demás el Vallès-Penedès es conocidos como una área de transición entre la bioprovíncia de centro Europa, más boscosa e húmeda, y la bioprovíncia centro Ibérica, más árida y con estacionalidad mascada en el régimen de precipitaciones. Esta situación que ya era conocida anteriormente en el Mioceno medio e inicios del Mioceno superior ya existía al principio de esta época.
The early and early middle Miocene (late Ramblian to middle Aragonian; ca. 19-15 Ma) rodent record of the Vallès-Penedès Basin (Catalonia, north-eastern Spain) is far richer and more continuous than previously thought. This thesis is centered in the description of the cricetid fauna from this time interval and its biostratigrahical, paleobiogeographical and paleoenvironmental implications. The systematic study of the cricetid fauna of all known early and early middle Miocene sites from the Vallès-Penedès Basin defines the main body of this work. The studied material comprises nearly 1,000 isolated molars as well as some mandibular fragments and even a partial skull. Four cricetid genera occur in the early to early middle Miocene (late Ramblian-middle Aragonian, MN3-MN5) record of the Vallès-Penedès Basin. The archaic cricetid Melissiodon dominans is common during Ramblian zone A (ca. 19.3-17.2 Ma) a before the dispersal of the so-called ‘modern cricetids’ of the genera Democricetodon and Megacricetodon. Modern cricetids are dominant components ofAragonian zone C and early zone D faunas (ca. 16.5-15 Ma) and include four species of the genus Democricetodon (D. hispanicus, D. cf. decipiens, D. gracilis, D. sp. 4) and one of the genus Megacricetodon (M. primitivus). The paracricetodontine Eumyarion weinfurteri and the last Melissiodon dominans complete the cricetid assemblage, but both species are generally rare. Overall the early Miocene cricetid succession shows several affinities with that from the Aragonian type area, the Calatayud-Montalbán Basin (Aragon, east-central Spain) allowing the use of the same high-resolution local biostratigraphy, with only minor differences. Moreover, Vallès-Penedès faunas also show a few similarities with the central European ones. Biostratigraphical results are combined with novel magnetostratigraphic data allow constraining the age of several major regional to continental bioevents that characterize the early Miocene, including dispersal events from other continents into Western Europe. Finally, small mammal faunas are used to reconstruct regional paleoclimate between ca. 19 and 15 Ma and to compare it with other Western Europe records. Rainfall patterns are inferred from small-mammal community structure and indicate regional aridification coinciding with the height of the mid-Miocene Climatic Optimum between 16.5 and 15 Ma. The Vallès-Penedès is further recognized as a transitional area between the forested and humid central European bioprovince and the more arid and rainfall seasonal inner Iberian bioprovince. Such situation, which had previously been recognized for the middle and early late Miocene already existed at the beginning of this epoch.
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Programa de Doctorat en Biodiversitat
Sancho, París Daniel. "La transició democràtica i el municipalisme a Catalunya: el cas de l’Alt Penedès (1977-1983)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/666505.
Full textThis doctoral thesis studies the Spanish Transition to democracy from municipalism focused on the Alt Penedès region (Catalonia). The time frame studied comprises between the general elections of June 15, 1977 and the municipal elections of 1983. After the general elections of 1977, in several municipalities, there were created some working commissions to control, know and comment on the actions of pre-democratic councils. In 1983, the second municipal elections were held. The thesis studies the role played by the Catholic Church and the peasantry which was part of the trade union called Unió de Pagesos. They worked as dynamic agents of the democratic culture and, moreover, as a training school for the new politic class that had to cope with the next municipal election of 1979. Also, there are included a study about the Agrarian Chambers elections in Alt Penedès and which were their consequences. Carrying out a sociological study, this doctoral thesis studies the role of municipal candidacies in the municipal elections of 1979 and their candidates for mayors and councilors. This chapter lets us to know if there were continuities and breaks in the political class before democracy. In the same way, there are analyzed the electoral processes that took place between the Law of the Political Reform referendum of 1976 until the municipal elections of 1983. In addition, the thesis verifies if there were breaks in the municipal policies and, furthermore, the action of government in different areas: the urban planning and public works, the treasury, the culture and the human resources of city councils. Finally, this doctoral thesis also looks into the actions achieved by councils in the field of democratic memory between 1979 and 1983.
Baqués, Almirall Vinyet. "Diagenesis and fluid-fracture evolution in an intracontinental basin: The Penedès half-graben,western Mediterranean / Diagènesi i evolució de la relació fluid-fractura en una conca intracontinental: la conca del Penedès, oest de la Mediterrània." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/112701.
Full textLa formació de la conca del Penedès està associada a un període extensiu d’edat neògena que provocà l’obertura del Solc de València. El marge nord-oest del Solc de València està constituït per una sèrie de grabens (Penedès, Vallès, Barcelona ...) i horsts (Garraf, Gaià-Montmell, Montnegre ...), el conjunt dels quals formen la Serralada Costanera Catalana. Aquesta serralada resulta de la superposició de tres esdeveniments tectònics principals: (1) l’extensió Mesozoica, compresa entre el Pèrmic i el Cretàcic inferior, (2) la compressió Paleògena, la qual produí la inversió de les principals conques extensives Mesozoiques i (3) l’extensió neògena, compresa entre l’Oligocè tardà i el Miocè mig, la qual generà l’actual sistema de rift de la Mediterrània occidental. S’han estudiat 19 afloraments localitzats tant en els alts estructurals, Garraf i Gaià-Montmell, com en el sector central de la conca del Penedès. A partir de les dades macro I microestructurals, juntament amb els resultats geoquímics de les roques encaixants, roques de falla i els ciments que reomplen les fractures, s’han identificat els següents estadis diagenètics: i. un primer estadi diagenètic temprà caracteritzat per la formació de microfractures de morfologies irregulars, formades en un sediment poc litificat i per la precipitació d’un ciment de calcita poc interaccionat amb la roca de caixa. ii. un segon estadi d’enterrament caracteritzat per la bretxificació i dolomitització de la roca encaixant i la generació d’estilòlits sub-paral•lels a l’estratificació. iii. nou etapes de deformació amb diferents tipus de rebliments associats a les fractures. iv. quatre estadis de carstificació caracteritzats per diferents tipus de bretxes de col•lapse, sediments i ciments que reomplen les porositats tipus fractura i vug, generades a partir de la dissolució. Els fluids relacionats amb l’extensió Mesozoica són característics d’aigües de formació, en canvi, els fluids que circularen al llarg de les fractures compressives paleògenes, són coherents amb fluids d’origen meteòric altament interaccionats amb la roca de caixa. L’extensió Neògena es caracteritza per una circulació predominant de fluids meteòrics no interaccionats amb la roca de caixa. És en l’estadi de post-rift on s’ha definit una dolomitització parcial de l’encaixant produïda per la barreja d’aigües marines i meteòriques. Durant l’estadi de post-rift tardà tingué lloc un esdeveniment de dissolució càrstica molt extens, el qual es relaciona amb la baixada del nivell del mar durant el Messinià.
Capdevila, Mestres Josefa. "Composició fenòlica dels vins de la denominació d’origen penedès: relació amb l’origen varietal, l’anyada i l’anàlisi sensorial." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/309441.
Full textThis thesis has evaluated the capability of phenolic compounds and color characteristics to act as markers of traceability of grape variety and/or vintage of white and red wines from the Denomination of Origin of Penedès. Moreover, the relationships between these compounds and the sensory quality of these wines have been analyzed. A data base has been generated with the information of polyphenolic compounds and color parameters of white wines from the varieties of Macabeu, Parellada, Sauvignon Blanc and Chardonnay and red wines from Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot and Ull de Llebre, in seven consecutive years (2000 to 2006). Experimental research was done on 684 white wines, through 18 analytical variables and 866 red wines samples and 21 parameters. All of them based on spectrophotometric methods for its simplicity, low cost and infrastructure required, to enable their application in the wineries and laboratories of Regulatory Councils. The Sensory analysis was carried out by a tasting panel from the Regulatory Council of the Denomination of Origin of Penedès. Results obtained from discriminant analysis have revealed a number of variables based on phenolic compounds and color characteristics useful to differentiate these wines by their grape variety. It has been demonstrated that more than 60% of white wines of Chardonnay and Xarel.lo were correctly classified by the grape variety and also for red wines of Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot and Ull de Llebre, 72% were classified correctly. According to the vintage, based on phenolic composition and color, the correct classifications of the samples reached 72% for red wines. The results have allowed us to demonstrate the influence of climatic conditions on the phenolic composition of wines. On the other hand, a valid model of classification of the white wines according to vintage has not been obtained. For each varietal red wine, a vintage classification of the samples has been demonstrated and also the differentiation of the wine of each year based on the grape variety. The percentage of correct classification was high in each case. Furthermore, significant correlations were obtained between the sensory data and the phenolic composition of the wine. The results indicated the influence of variables of polyphenols and color in the sensory scoring.
Raventos, Torner Rosa Dolores. "Adherència al tractament farmacològic en el pacient crònic a l’Alt Penedès. Funció i reptes de la infermeria." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/666017.
Full textIntroducción: La falta de adherencia al tratamiento farmacológico es un problema prevalente y relevante en la práctica clínica, especialmente en el tratamiento de enfermedades crónicas. La OMS la considera un tema prioritario de salud pública debido a sus consecuencias negativas: fracasos terapéuticos, tasas de hospitalización más altas y aumento de los costes sanitarios. Objetivos: El objetivo principal de esta tesis es profundizar en la comprensión del fenómeno, tanto por parte de los pacientes como de los profesionales de enfermería, y tratar de identificar y describir los factores asociados a la adherencia al tratamiento farmacológico y las variables asociadas. Metodología: Este trabajo de investigación se fundamenta en un método mixto que consiste, por un lado, en un estudio cuantitativo de diseño multicéntrico descriptivo de corte transversal de los pacientes del Área del Alt Penedès (Cataluña, España), mediante la utilización del test de Morisky-Green y datos demográficos y, por otro lado, se ha complementado con dos estudios cualitativos, mediante la utilización de la teoría fundamentada y de la técnica de la observación participante, así como un Grupo Focal. Resultados: El resultado más importante ha sido que el porcentaje de adherencia al tratamiento farmacológico de la población estudiada es del 66,67%, una cifra superior a la observada en otros estudios. Además, los tres estudios coinciden en señalar que existe falta de adherencia al tratamiento farmacológico, que el uso de genéricos se presenta como un problema relevante y que el factor económico afecta a la adquisición de medicamentos Conclusiones: A partir de los resultados obtenidos en los diferentes estudios se ha propuesto una serie de recomendaciones, con el objetivo de aportar elementos que contribuyan al diseño de intervenciones y estrategias que permitan un abordaje multidisciplinar de este problema y mejorar así la adherencia al tratamiento farmacológico
Introduction: Lack of adherence to drug therapy is a problem prevalent and relevant in clinical practice, especially in the treatment of chronic diseases. WHO considers that it is priority for public health because of its negative consequences: therapeutic failures, higher rates of hospitalization and increased healthcare costs. Objectives: The main objective of this thesis is to deepen in the meaning of the phenomenon by both the patients and the nurses, and try to identify and describe the factors associated with adherence to drug treatment and associated variables. Methodology: This research is based on a mixed method which consists, on one hand, a quantitative study design multicenter descriptive cross sectional area of the patient from Alt Penedès (Catalonia, Spain), using the test Morisky-Green and demographics data, and the other two studies is complemented with qualitative exploratory, using grounded theory and technique of participant observation, in addition to a focal group. Results: The most important result was that the percentage of adherence to drug treatment was 66.67%, higher than that observed in other studies. In addition, all three studies agree that there is a lack of adherence to drug treatment, the use of generic drugs is presented as a significant problem and the economic factor affecting the purchase of medicines. Conclusions: Based on the results obtained in different studies it was proposed a series of recommendations with the aim of providing elements that contribute to the design of interventions and strategies for a multidisciplinary approach to this problem and improve the adherence with the pharmacological treatment.
Gaya, Catasus Jaume. "Societat i economia agrària al Penedès, segles XVI-XVII: El terme de Subirats, la parròquia de Sant Pere de Lavern." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/396132.
Full textThis PhD thesis seeks to examine the society and economy in the XVI & XVII centuries, in the framework of agrarian history and from the scope of local history. It highlights the micro-history’s potential and the powerful possibilities of local documentation. The use of local documentation gives an insight into the social and economic changes of Subirats, in the context of Penedès and the Catalan lands in the two first modern centuries. Among other topics, we have studied the inhabitants and their social relations, farms and houses, domestic material life, the concerns of the testator, diet food, agriculture and livestock, the importance of the textile, glass and construction activities, the use of capital and credit, and the dangers of continued borrowing. This PhD thesis structure reflects the methodological will to provide a comprehensive, holistic and integrated overview that allows generalization. The objective of this research is to improve the knowledge we have of the Catalan countryside in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries.
Pérez, de los Ríos Miriam. "The craniodental anatomy of Miocene apes from the Vallès-Penedès Basin (Primates: Hominidae): Implications for the origin of extant great apes." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/285740.
Full textCasanovas, i. Vilar Isaac. "The rodent assemblages from the Late Aragonian and the Vallesian (Middle to Late Miocene) of the Vallès-Penedès basin (Catalonia, Spain)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/3443.
Full textThe Vallès-Penedès Basin is a crucial area for the study of the mammal succession of the European Miocene, since its abundant record covers nearly the totality of this period. Recently, thanks to the extension works of a rubbish dump, the so-called "Abocador de Can Mata" (ACM) at Els Hostalets de Pierola (l'Anoia, Barcelona), the number of known micro- and macromammal sites has doubled. The study of the micromammal faunas of the stratigraphic series of the ACM has added important data for the definition of the biozones MN 7 and MN 8, which now are based in isolated sites from France and Germany. We have also proposed biostratigraphic correlation for the Late Aragonian of the Vallès-Penedès Basin to other Iberian basins such as Calatayud-Teruel. Concerning the rodents of the ACM series, a new species of castorid is described: Chalicomys n. sp. This species already shows a mode of aquatic locomotion very similar to that of the extant beaver. A new site which has yielded an abundant sample of micro- and macrofauna, Barranc de Can Vila 1 (BCV1), was discovered during the extension works of the ACM. This site has also provided a remarkably complete skeleton of a new species of great ape: Pierolapithecus catalaunicus. The study of the rodents of BCV1 allows us to chronologically place this site in the lower part of MN 7+8, that is between 12.5 and 12 Ma. Accordingly this locality represents the oldest record of great apes in the Iberian Peninsula. The taphonomical study of the remains recovered at BCV1 reveals that different taphonomical agents were involved in the origin of the accumulation. Predation is recognized as the main accumulation agent in the case of the primate individual. In contrast, the accumulation of the rest of the fossils does not seem related to the action of predators and/or scavengers. The micromammal fauna from BCV1 indicates the presence of a humid subtropical forest environment as opposed to the clearly dryer an more open environment dominant in inner Spanish basins. This fact may account for the absence of great apes in those areas during the Miocene. Straight after that the composition and structure of rodent taxocenosis from the latest Aragonian and the Vallesian of the Vallès-Penedès Basin is compared with those of two Iberian basins (Calatayud-Teruel and Duero). The results of the multivariate statistic analyses show that the rodent paleocommunities of the Vallès-Penedès are markedly different from those of the inner Spanish basins during most of the considered time span. The environment in the Vallès-Penedès Basin appears to have been more humid and forested, being similar to that occurring at higher latitudes. At the Early/Late Vallesian boundary (at 9.7 Ma) an abrupt change in the rodent paleocommunities of all the basins is recorded. This period witnesses a shift towards lower-diversity faunas dominated by one or a few genera. The biogeographic differentiation existing in the Iberian Peninsula is retained and even increases during the Late Vallesian. This abrupt change is known as the Vallesian Crisis and also affected the macromammal communities, implying in both cases the extinction of forms of characteristic of the Middle Miocene and adapted to warm forest environments. That ultimately resulted in a decrease of diversity. By the means of different techniques we show that this extinction event did not affected other areas of Europe, where diversity remained stable or even increased.
Garcés, Crespo Miguel. "Magnetoestratigrafía de las sucesiones del mioceno medio y superior del Vallès Occidental: depresión del Vallès-Penedès, N.E. de España: implicaciones biocronológicas y cronoestratigráficas." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/667083.
Full textMartínez, Casasnovas José Antonio. "Suelo-paisaje-erosión. Erosión por cárcavas y barrancos en el Alt Penedès - Anoia (Catalunya). Un enfoque de estudio mediante tecnologías de la información espacial: bases de datos, Sistemas de Información Geográfica y teledetección = Soil-landscape-erosion. Gully erosion in the Alt Penedès - Anoia (Catalonia) : a spatial information technology approach: spatial databases, Geographical Information Systems and remote sensing." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Lleida, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/8244.
Full textamplien l'aplicabilitat dels sistemes d'informació geogràfica (SIG), la teledetecció i les
bases de dades en l'anàlisi del territori. En concret, la investigació es centra en l'anàlisi de
les relacions sòl-paisatge, de les propietats dels sòls y dels processos d'erosió hídrica,
particularment els processos d'erosió per xaragalls i barrancs. La investigació se porta a
terme en les comarques de l'Alt Penedès y l'Anoia (Catalunya), una àrea on la vinya per a
la producció de vins d'alta qualitat i caves és el principal cultiu, però on la forma actual de
l'ús i maneig del sòl, amb escasses mesures de conservació, condiciona la sostenibilitat
futura dels usos agrícolas presents.
Un dels resultats principals de la investigació és el sistema d'informació de sòls (SIS),
desenvolupat a una escala semidetallada a nivell de tota l'àrea d'estudi. Aquest SIS ha
permès analitzar la distribució espacial dels principals tipus de sòl, les seves propietats i el
seu comportament davant l'acció dels processos erosius i de les actuacions antròpiques.
També constitueix l'estructura sobre la qual es poden desenvolupar bases de dades
espacials de sòls més detallades.
Una altra aportació és el conjunt de metodologies basades en l'anàlisi multitemporal de
fotografies aèries, de models digitals d'elevacions (MDE), i també en la classificació
multiespectral d'imatges de satèl·lit i en les operacions d'anàlisi espacial mitjançant SIG,
que conduexen a l'anàlisi de processos d'erosió per xaragalls i barrancs. L'aplicació
d'aquestes metodologies a l'àrea de l'Alt Penedès - Anoia confirma la important influència
de l'acció antròpica en l'acceleració dels processos d'erosió actual. Aquesta acceleració
dels processos erosius es reflecteix principalment en:
a) les propietats dels sòls, amb la posada en superfície de materials d'horitzonts
subjacents, rics en carbonat càlcic, calcilutites o arenisques,
b) 1' anàlisi morfomètric i morfogràfic de les geoformes, que mostra un modelat del
paisatge amb vessants complexes i barrancs, i una alta densitat de xaragalls
incipients,
c) l'anàlisi de les taxes d'erosió per xaragalls i barrancs, que han estat particularment
elevades des de la deforestació generalitzada amb roturació de terres per a la
plantació de vinya, a partir del segle XVI, sobretot, a partir de la mecanització dels
cultius.
La investigació realitzada confirma la importancia de combinar tècniques de camp i
laboratori amb tècniques de teledetecció per a l'adquisició de dades i coneixement dels
processos d'erosió, i amb tècniques de SIG amb finalitat de modelització.
La presente investigación supone una contribución al desarrollo de metodologías que
amplíen la aplicabilidad de los sistemas de información geográfica (SIG), la teledetección
y las bases de datos al análisis del territorio. En concreto, la investigación se centra en el
análisis de las relaciones suelo-paisaje, de las propiedades de los suelos y de los procesos
de erosión hídrica, particularmente los procesos de erosión por cárcavas y barrancos. La
investigación se desarrolla en las comarcas de l'Alt Penedès y l'Anoia (Cataluña), un área
donde la viña para producción de vinos de alta calidad y cavas es el principal cultivo, pero
donde la forma actual de los usos y manejo del suelo, con escasas medidas de
conservación, condiciona la sostenibilidad futura de los presentes usos agrícolas.
Uno de los resultados principales de la investigación es el sistema de información de suelos
(SIS), desarrollado a una escala semidetallada a nivel de toda el área de estudio. Este SIS
ha permitido analizar la distribución espacial de los principales tipos de suelo, sus
propiedades y su comportamiento frente a la acción de los procesos erosivos y actuaciones
antrópicas. También, constituye la estructura sobre la cual poder desarrollar bases de datos
espaciales de suelos más detalladas.
Otra de las aportaciones es el conjunto de metodologías, basadas en el análisis
multitemporal de fotografías aéreas y de modelos digitales de elevaciones (MDE), en la
clasificación multiespectral de imágenes de satélite y en operaciones de análisis espacial
mediante SIG, conducentes al análisis de procesos de erosión por cárcavas y barrancos. La
aplicación de estas metodologías al área del Alt Penedès - Anoia ha permitido confirmar la
importante influencia de la acción antrópica en la aceleración de los procesos de erosión
actual, que se ve reflejada principalmente en:
a) las propiedades de los suelos, con la puesta en superficie de materiales de
horizontes subyacentes ricos en carbonato calcico, calcilutitas o areniscas,
b) el análisis morfométrico y morfográfico de las geoformas, que muestra un
modelado del paisaje con vertientes complejas y barrancos, y una alta densidad de
cárcavas,
c) el análisis de las tasas de erosión por cárcavas y barrancos, que han sido
particularmente elevadas a partir de la deforestación generalizada con roturación de
tierras para la plantación de viña a partir del siglo XVI, y sobre todo a partir de la
mecanización de los cultivos.
La investigación realizada confirma la importancia de combinar técnicas de campo y
laboratorio con las técnicas de teledetección para la adquisición de datos y conocimiento
de los procesos de erosión, y con las técnicas de SIG con fines de modelización.
This research represents a contribution to the development of methodologies to extend the
applicability of geographical information systems (GIS), remote sensing and spatial
databases to terrain analysis, particularly soil-landscape relationships, soil properties and
hydric erosion processes, and more specifically gully erosion processes. The research is
carried out in the l'Alt Penedès y l'Anoia (Catalonia), an area where vineyards for high
quality and "cava" production are the main crop, but where the present manner of soil use
and management, with few control measures, determines the future sustainability of the
present agricultural uses.
One of the main results of the present research is the soil information system (SIS), that
contains semi-detailed scale information about the soils of the study area. It allowed the
analysis of the spatial distribution of the main soil types, their properties and their
behaviour in front of the actuation of erosion processes and anthropic transformations.
Also, it constitutes the basic structure from which more detailed soil spatial databases can
be developed.
Another contribution is the set of methodologies, based on the multitemporal analysis of
aerial photographs and digital elevation models (DEM), multispectral classification of
satellite images and GIS spatial analysis, that is addressed to the analysis of gully erosion
processes. The application of those methodologies to the Alt Penedès - Anoia area
revealed the important influence of the anthropic factor in the acceleration of the present
erosion processes, that is observed through:
a) the soil properties, with the presence on surface of materials that are rich in calcium
carbonate, calcilutites or sandstones from subsurface layers,
b) the morphometric and morphographic analysis of the geoforms, which shows a
shape of the landscape with complex slopes and large gullies, and a high density of
gullies,
c) the analysis of the rates of gully erosion, that have been particularly high since the
generalised deforestation to plant vineyards in the XVI Century and, above all,
since the advent of mechanisation.
This research confirms the importance of combining field and laboratory techniques with
remote sensing techniques for data acquisition and knowledge concerning the occuring
erosion processes, and with GIS techniques for modelling.
Muntaner, i. Alsina Carme. "Terra de masos, vila de mar. Vida, economia i territori al castell de Sitges i el seu terme entre els segles XIV i XV (1342-1418)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/119535.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to analyze a particular territory, the castle and town of Sitges, between mid-fourteenth century and early fifteenth, based on three objectives: first, to analyze the manorial domain of this territory, held by the Almoina dels pobres de la Seu de Barcelona since 1342; secondly, to deepen in the study of the evolution of the rural and villager territory on which are based both the lordship as the community studied; and finally to know about the community settled on this site. This last objective has focused on three aspects: the organization of the universitat, the work of the sea and its people and the private credit and debt. The first objective has been developed in two parts: the first one describes the process of acquisition of the lordship by the Almoina, which occurred between 1326 and 1342. The second part of this first chapter focused on identifying and analyzing the different domains obtained by the institution: the lordship of the land, territorial, of the tithe and the jurisdiction. By this we want to understand what it meant for the charitable institution acquiring this manorial domain and its different levels of lordship and, in addition, how it managed the incomes obtained. Meanwhile, about the second objective, the analysis of the territory, shared out between the village and the countryside, will allow us to see the dynamics that occur in the rural context, with the progressive depopulation of the scattered habitat in contrast with the growth of the village. Regarding the third and last chapter, we focused the research on the three mentioned areas of community’s relationship. This last objective aims to bring the reader the reality of a rural and fishing community, the social and economic relationships established among its members, customizing and humanizing them. In conclusion, this research want to reach the reality of a rural and coastal lordship in the last centuries of the Middle Ages, serving both and as an example to others similar feudal territories while as a model of the heritage management of large institutions run by the Church as the Almoina de Barcelona.
Puig, Llobet Montserrat. "Cuidados y calidad de vida en Vilafranca del Penedès. Los mayores de 75 y más años atendidos por el servicio de Atención Domiciliaria y sus cuidadores familiares." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/2873.
Full textLa justificación y el tema de estudio viene determinado por la falta de profundización e investigación en el concepto de calidad de vida en la vejez y en la dependencia. Se eligió a los mayores de 75 y más años por ser el colectivo que suele presentar una mayor dependencia y una mayor necesidad de cuidados de larga duración. La ciudad de Vilafranca del Penedès, se eligió por distintos motivos, por ser residente de la ciudad, por las características sociales y culturales de la ciudad y presentar todos los servicios sociosanitarios que propone la Ley de Dependencia, por la evolución de la población de 75 y más años, aumentado casi un 25% en los últimos años y también porqué en las ciudades pequeñas suelen haber menos estudios de estas características.
La calidad de vida de los mayores dependientes y sus cuidadores familiares es analizada a partir del funcionalismo de Parsons (1951), Cumming y Henry (1961). Destacando la influencia de los roles sociales atribuidos en la percepción de una determinada calidad de vida. El presente trabajo intenta profundizar en los elementos objetivos y subjetivos que influyen en la calidad de vida de las personas mayores dependientes y cuidadores familiares. Valorando las necesidades que a pesar de no ser expresadas o considerarse propias de la edad o situación, dificultan el vivir un determinado estilo de vida. En la detección de estas situaciones, pensamos que el servicio de Atención Domiciliaria (ATDOM) puede contribuir a mejor la calidad de vida de las personas implicadas en los cuidados de larga duración.
Se ha realizado un estudio de caso basado en datos cualitativos y cuantitativos, utilizando un cuestionario de elaboración propia aplicado a partir de una entrevista cara a cara realizada a los mayores dependientes, cuidadores familiares y profesionales de enfermería del servicio ATDOM, identificando variables que determinan los elementos objetivos y subjetivos que participan en la calidad de vida de estos mayores y cuidadores atendidos por un servicio de atención domiciliaria. Los resultados son discutidos en base a las teorías sociales del envejecimiento y al funcionalismo de Parsons. Se concluye que las personas mayores y cuidadores perciben una buena calidad de vida, a pesar de las limitaciones en el caso del mayor, y el cambio de estilo de vida en el caso del cuidador. La adaptación a la situación es un elemento clave para ello, pero también, las relaciones sociales y familiares, el estado de salud, los recursos y el tiempo libre en el caso de los cuidadores. Como reflexión se establece que la sociología deberá analizar qué pasará en las futuras generaciones, cuando el rol social atribuido no sea un elemento clave en la adaptación a las circunstancias relacionadas con ser cuidador o ser mayor y dependiente. Destacando que el servicio público de Atención Domiciliaria puede contribuir a mejorar y detectar estas situaciones.
PALABRAS CLAVE: funcionalismo, teorías sociales del envejecimiento, calidad de vida, persona mayor dependiente, cuidador familiar, cuidador profesional, cuidados de larga duración, dependencia.
The objective of this thesis is to identify objective and subjective elements that favor the perception of a good quality of life in dependents elderly people who are 75 years old and older and their family caregivers assigned to the ATDOM service program of Vilafranca del Penedès.The justification and the topic of study is determined by the lack of depth and research on the concept of quality of life in old age and dependency. The 75 years olds and over were chosen that usually has a greater dependency and greater need for long-term care.
The quality of life of the dependent elderly and their family care is analyzed from the functionalism of Parsons (1951), Cumming and Henry (1961). Emphasizing the influence of social roles attributed to the perception of a certain quality of life.
There has been a case study based on qualitative and quantitative data, using a questionnaire prepared and applied from an interview conducted face to face with the dependent elderly, family caregivers and nursing professionals ATDOM service, identifying variables that determine objective and subjective elements involved in the quality of life of these older carers and cared for by a home care service. The results are discussed on the basis of the social theories of aging and the functionalism of Parsons. We conclude that older people and carers receive a good quality of life, despite the limitations in the case of the largest, and the change of lifestyle for the caregiver. Stressing that the public home care service can help identify and improve these situations.
KEYWORDS: functionalism, social theories of aging, quality of life, dependent elderly, family caregivers, professional caregivers, long-term care, dependence.
Vives, Tort Miguel. "Evolució històrica de la xarxa viària entre el Llobregat i el Foix, L'." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/2604.
Full textEn aquest espai s'ha fet un buidat de les fonts escrites de tot tipus, des dels escriptors clàssics fins a la documentació existent en arxius (bàsicament el de la Biblioteca de Catalunya, l'Arxiu de la Corona d'Aragó i l'Arxiu Històric de la Diputació), passant pels diplomataris de la catedral de Barcelona i de diferents monestirs, els capbreus senyorials, els cadastres i les diferents Geografies regionals i monografies locals.
També s'ha utilitzat la informació arqueològica, sobretot pel que fa a la situació i datació de jaciments ibèrics i romans, i de castells i parròquies altmedievals. També s'ha emprat com a recurs la cartografia, sobretot a partir del segle XVII es disposa de mapes ben detallats a nivell comarcal. En aquest sentit, la Cartoteca de Catalunya ha estat fonamental. De la mateixa manera, quan ha estat possible s'han emprat altres fonts, com la toponímia o els estudis etnogràfics.
A grans trets, es pot dir que l'establiment dels itineraris de les vies de comunicació és una cosa relativament fàcil pel que fa als segles XIX i XX i que es va fent progressivament més difícil a mesura que es va retrocedint en el temps. Els grans canvis del segle XVIII encara són prou documentats, però la xarxa viària dels segles anteriors ens és, globalment, desconeguda. Malgrat tot, hi ha suficients dades de tipus puntual, ja a partir dels segles X i XI, perquè sigui possible delimitar l'itinerari de molts camins. De l'època romana i de l'antiguitat tardana, les notícies són tant minses que una idea de conjunt es molt difícil d'obtenir.
En canvi, resta molt clar que l'estudi de la xarxa viària està directament imbricat amb l'estudi del poblament. Quan, històricament, ha canviat l'emplaçament dels nuclis de població, també ha canviat la xarxa de camins que els uneix. Això és clarament visible tant al Baix Llobregat, on ha ha hagut pocs desplaçaments i els nuclis municipals tenen molts d'ells un origen romà (Cornellà, Sant Boi, Pallejà, etc) i, per tant, la xarxa viària és força coneguda, com a l'Alt Penedès, on va haver-hi un fort trasbals de població a l'alta edat mitjana (moltes viles romanes apareixen entre les vinyes) i les comunicacions romanes ens són molt més desconegudes.
També s'ha aconseguit fer una periodització, a grans trets, de la xarxa viària en el territori estudiado. Un primer moment d'"ordre romà" (d'una gran explotació agrícola del territori i amb les vies de comunicació convenients) que va durar uns quants segles i, segurament, es va anar degradant-se al llarg de tota l'antiguitat tardana. Les noves fonts documentals dels segles X i XII ens insinuen una xarxa viària molt diferent, basada en un tipus econòmic autosuficient i on els centres de poder eren els castells i els monestirs. A partir del segle XII, comença un nou període en el que les noves estructures (baronies, parròquies, masos, etc) es consoliden i apareixen les "viles noves" que canalitzen els moviments comercials i que generen una nova xarxa viaria, semblant a la romana, però d'ubicació diferent, sobretot a l'Alt Penedès.
Els problemes de pas i la transformació esporàdica d'alguns d'aquests camins medievals (bàsicament de ferradura) en camins carreters, demostra, ja amiyjan segle XVI la insuficiència d'aquesta xarxa. El problema no va solucionar-se (i només en part) fins a la segona meitat del segle XVIII, quan per decisió reial en època de l' il·lustrat Carles III, es construí el pont de Molins de Rei, obra que deuia associat un complex programa de construcció de carreteres: cap a Barcelona per Collblant, cap el Penedès i València per l'Ordal i cap a Igualada i Saragossa pel Bruc.
Les guerres napoleòniques i les lluites entre absolutistes i liberals d'època de Ferran VII van posar un parèntesi de més de 30 anys a la construcció de carreteres, la qual no va ser reempresa fins a l'establiment de les Diputacions provincials. Aquest organisme, la Diputació Provincial de Barcelona (ella sola o en unió amb les altres tres Diputacions catalanes, a l'època de la Junta de Carreteres 1848 - 1868) va fer una gran tasca de construcció i adequació de camins i carreteres fins el punt de donar a la xarxa viària del territori analitzat la seva configuració actual bàsica.
RESUMEN:
"LA EVOLUCIÓN HISTÓRICA DE LA RED VIARIA ENTRE LOS RÍOS LLOBREGAT I EL FOIX DES DE LA ÉPOCA ROMANA HASTA EL TERCER DECENIO DEL SIGLO XX".
Este trabajo hace un estudio de la evolución de les caminos y carreteras documentados en las fuentes des de la época romana, primer momento en que la documentación ya es significativa, hasta principios del siglo XX. Para ello se ha analizado exhaustivamente un pequeño territorio al sur de Barcelona formado por las comarcas del Baix Llobregat el Alt Penedès y el Garraf, pero con el objetivo de hallar una metodología que pudiera utilizarse en otros lugares.
Sobre este espacio se ha hecho un vaciado de les fuentes escritas de todo tipo, des de los autores clásicos hasta la documentación existente en archivos (básicamente, el de la Biblioteca de Catalunya, el Arxiu de la Corona d'Aragó i el Arxiu Històric de la Diputació de Barcelona), pasando por los diplomatarios de la catedral de Barcelona y de diferentes monasterios, los "capuz Brevis" señoriales, los catastros y diferentes Geografías regionales y monografías locales.
También se ha utilizado la información arqueológica, sobre todo por lo que respecta a la situación y datación de yacimientos ibéricos y romanos y tambén de castillos, parroquias y núcleos de población medievales. También se ha recurrido a la cartografía, en especial a partir del siglo XVII, cuando ya se dispone de mapas detallados a nivel comarcal. En este sentido, la Cartoteca de Catalunya ha sido fundamental. Asimismo, cuando ha sido posible se han usado otras fuentes, como la toponimia o los estudios etnográficos.
En general, se puede decir que establecer los itinerarios de las vías de comunicación es relativamente fácil por lo que respecta a los siglos XIX y XX, y se hace progresivamente más difícil en la medida en que se retrocede en el tiempo. Los grandes cambios del siglo XVIII aún se hallan bien documentados, pero la red viaria de los siglos anteriores nos es, globalmente desconocida. A pesar de todo, hay suficientes datos, de forma puntual, ya a partir de los siglos X y XI, para que sea posible establecer el itinerario de muchos caminos. En cuanto a la época romana i a la Antigüedad tardía, las noticias son tan escasas que aún es difícil formar-se una idea de conjunto.
Por otra parte queda muy claro que el estudio de la red viaria está directamente relacionado con el estudio del poblamiento. Cuando, históricamente, ha cambiado el emplazamiento de los núcleos principales de población, la red de caminos que los une también cambia, y viceversa. Esto es claramente visible tanto en el Baix Llobregat, donde ha habido pocos desplazamientos y los núcleos municipales tienen en muchos casos un origen romano (Cornellà, Sant Boi, Pallejà, Gavà, etc.) y, por lo tanto la red viaria és bien conocida, como en el Alt Penedès, donde hubo un fuerte trasiego de población en la Edad Media y las "villae" romanas aparecen en medio de viñas. Aquí las vías romanas nos son mucho menos conocidas.
También se ha conseguido hacer una periodización general de la red viaria en todo el territorio estudiado. Hay un primer momento, en época romana, en que hay una gran explotación agrícola del territorio y las vías de comunicación correspondientes; esta estructura duró algunos siglos y, seguramente, se fue degradando durante la Antigüedad tardía. Las nuevas fuentes documentales que aparecen en los siglos X y XI insinúan una red viaria muy diferente, basada en una forma de economía de autosuficiencia y donde los centros de poder eran los castillos y los monasterios. A partir del siglo XII, nace otro período en el que las nuevas estructuras (baronías, parroquias, "mansos", etc.) se consolidan y aparecen las "villas nuevas", que canalizan los movimientos comerciales y generan una nueva red viaria, parecida a la romana, pero de ubicación diferente, especialmente en el Penedès.
Los problemas de paso y la transformación esporádica de algunos de estos caminos medievales (básicamente de herradura) en caminos carreteros, demuestra, ya a mediados del siglo XVI, la insuficiencia de esta red viaria. Este problema no se solucionó (y sólo fue en parte) hasta la segunda mitad del siglo XVIII, momento en que, por decisión real en época del ilustrado Carlos III, se construyó el puente de Molins de Rei, obra que llevaba asociada un vasto y costoso programa de construcción de carreteras: hacia Barcelona pasando por Collblanc; hacia el Penedès, Tarragona y Valencia, por el puerto de la Creu d'Ordal, y hacia Igualada, Lleida y Zaragoza, por el Coll del Bruc.
Las guerras napoleónicas i las luchas entre absolutistas y liberales pusieron un paréntesis de más de 30 años en la construcción de carreteras, obra que no se reemprendió hasta el establecimiento de las Diputaciones provinciales. Este organismo, la Diputació Provincial de Barcelona (ella sola o, en la época de la Junta de Carreteras (1848 - 1868), en unión con las otras tres diputaciones catalanas) ha hecho una gran labor de construcción y reforma de los caminos y carreteras, hasta el punto de haber dado a la red viaria del territorio estudiado su configuración actual básica.
"Historical evolution of the road network between the rivers Llobregat and Foix from the Roman times to the 1930s".
TEXT:
The present thesis is a study of the evolution of the itineraries, the ways and roads documented since the Roman times, the historical period in which they are significantly documented, to the beginning of the twentieth century. To this end a small area to the south of Barcelona has been exhaustively analysed, an area consisting of the regions of Baix Llobregat, Alt Penedès and Garraf, always keeping in mind the aim of finding a methodology that could be applied to other areas.
In this area, a study of the different written sources has been made, from the classical writers to the documents in the Public Records Offices (basically that in the Biblioteca de Catalunya, Arxiu de la Corona d'Aragó and Arxiu Històric de la Diputació), the documents kept in the Barcelona Cathedral and different monasteries, the documents recognising the rights of the different feudal lords, the official land registers and the different regional geographies and local monographies.
Archeological information has been also used, especially that related to the location and dating of Iberic and Roman deposits, castles and parishes in the high middle ages. Resources such as cartography have also been used, especially from the 17th century onwards when detailed regional maps exist. To this aim, the Cartoteca de Catalunya -the map library- has been fundamental. In the same way, whenever possible, other sources such as toponymy or ethnographic studies have been used.
Briefly, we can state that establishing the itineraries of the roads is relatively easy in what refers to the 19th and 20th centuries and it becomes progressively difficult as we go back in time. The great changes in the 18th century are quite well documented, but the road network of the previous centuries is, in general, unknown. Nevertheless, there are enough scattered data, from the 10th and 11th centuries onwards, to be able to delimitate the itinerary of many ways. The data from the Roman period and the late Antiquity are so scarce that it is difficult to obtain an overall idea.
On the other hand, it is quite clear that the study of the road network is directly related to the study of population. Historicaly, whenever a centre of population has moved, the road network around it has also changed. This is clearly visible in Baix Llobregat, where there have been few population movements and the villages have in many cases a Roman origin (Cornellà, Sant Boi, Pallejà, etc.) and, therefore, the road network is well known, and by contrast in Alt Penedès where there were important population movements during the high Middle Ages (many Roman villages are hidden in the vineyards) and the Roman communications are much more unknown.
A general outline of the different periods in the road network of the region has also been made. This timing show a first period of "Roman order" -with an important agricultural exploitation with the corresponding means of communication- lasting several centuries and progressively degrading during the late Antiquity. The new documentary sources in the 10th and 12th centuries hint at a very different road network, based on a self-sufficient economy where the centre of power were the castles. From the 12th century onwards, the new structures (Baronies, parishes, farms, etc.) consolidate and the new villages ("viles noves") appear and channel the commercial movement generating a new road network, similar to the Roman one, but with a different location, especially in the Alt Penedès.
This network was already scarce for the needs of the 16th century, which caused some of these Medieval ways to become cart tracks during the 17th and 18th centuries. This process culminated, in the reign of the enlightened Charles III, with the royal decision of building the bridge at Molins de Rei and the associated programme of road construction: to Barcelona through Collblanc, to the Penedès and València through L'Ordal and to Igualada and Zaragoza through El Bruc.
The Napoleonic wars and the fights between absolutists and liberals in the reign of Ferdinand VII interrupted more than thirty years of road construction that was not started again until the County Councils -Diputacions Provincials- were established. This agency, the Diputació Provincial de Barcelona, (alone or together with the other three Catalan County Councils, during the time of the "Junta de Carreteres" 1848-1968) did a great task in building and adapting ways and roads to the point of shaping the basis of the current road network in the territory analysed.
Martins, Ana Catarina Madeira dos Santos Alcântara. "Requalificar pela memória." Master's thesis, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Arquitetura, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/18035.
Full textPerante a realidade que hoje vivemos somos confrontados com a questão do património e a forma como podemos preservar a memória de diferentes expressões arquitectónicas, a fim de as manter no contexto da cidade, também ela parte integrante de uma herança cultural. O presente trabalho foca-se nestes e noutros valores histórico-culturais da cidade de Évora pela procura da resignificação de um dos seus pontos estratégicos, onde hoje a cidade histórica e a cidade nova se unem, ainda que simbolicamente separadas pela sua última muralha, a Cerca Nova. A Rua e o Largo dos Penedos, localizados no limiar das Portas de Alconchel, mas ainda no interior do centro histórico, tornam-se assim o panorama de enfoque para uma potencial contribuição à acreditação de Évora como futura Capital Europeia da Cultura, em complemento à classificação desta cidade como Património Mundial da Humanidade pela UNESCO. O processo projectual centra-se assim nos valores de património e nas valências culturais que importam ainda salientar nesta cidade, no quadro de um processo de reabilitação. Este incide sobre a Casa do antigo Paço da Família Mendanha, residente em Évora no século XVI. A reabilitação e a construção do “novo” tornam-se uma realidade de projecto, pelo que todas as escolhas projectuais se focam numa contribuição para a valorização dos elementos patrimoniais a preservar e nas suas valências arquitectónicas.
ABSTRACT: Facing nowadays’ reality, we are confronted with the heritage matter and the way we can preserve the memory of different architectural expressions, in order to maintain them in the context of the city, also an integral part of cultural heritage. This paper focuses on these and other historical and cultural values of the city of Evora by demand for the reframing of one of its strategic sites, where today the historic city and the new city get together, although symbolically split by its last historic wall, the “Cerca Nova”. The “Rua dos Penedos” and the “Largo dos Penedos”, located on the threshold of “Portas de Alconchel”, but still inside the historic center, thus becomes the place of approach, in prospective for its potential contribution to the recognition of the city of Evora as a future European Capital of Culture, in addition to the classification of this city as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO. Therefore, the project process focuses on the heritage and cultural values that still need to be emphasized in this city, as a part of a rehabilitation process. It will be applied on the ancient Mendanha Family’s Palace, that lived in Évora of the 16th century. The rehabilitation and the construction of the “new” become a project reality, whereby all the decisions are based on a contribution to the recognition and valorization of the patrimonial elements to preserve and on its architectural valences.
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Jankowski, K. K. "Studies related to penems and carbapenems." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.379257.
Full textPereira, Orlando Manuel Fonseca. "Reflexões estratégicas de desenvolvimento local no contexto da preservação da identidade de Penedos (Mértola)." Doctoral thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/13251.
Full textMagalhães, Ana Raquel Laranjeira. "O povoado Pré-Histórico do Penedo da Cortegaça, Sintra." Master's thesis, Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/12074.
Full textO Penedo da Cortegaça, em Sintra, é um dos muitos povoados abertos da Pré-História recente da Estremadura. As referências a este sítio foram reunidas em notas avulsas, elaboradas pelo arqueólogo João José Fernandes Gomes, responsável pelos trabalhos de campo ali efectuados nos finais dos anos 60. Nestes, o autor faz alusão à abundância de cerâmica decorada com "folha de acácia" e aos bordos denteados, conferindo-lhe uma cronologia “ante-campaniforme”. Novas prospecções, realizadas por arqueólogos do Museu Arqueológico de São Miguel de Odrinhas (MASMO), atestam a existência, a par da cerâmica, de numerosos artefactos de pedra lascada e escassos materiais de pedra polida e de osso manufacturado. Pretende-se então, re-contextualizar o povoado, actualmente destruído devido à intensa exploração da rocha pela actividade de uma pedreira, através do espólio encontrado nas recolha de superfície. Terá sido a existência de matéria-prima em bruto, o sílex a principal atracção para a fixação das comunidades humanas neolíticas e calcolíticas, combinado com solos de forte aptidão agrícola em redor do povoado. A percentagem e tipologia de artefactos de pedra lascada indicam intensa produção de talhe, efectuado ou nas áreas próximas ou mesmo no interior do habitat. A associação e avaliação de vários materiais cerâmicos, entendidos como “fósseis-directores” denunciam vasta diacronia para este assentamento, possivelmente desde o Neolítico Antigo Evolucionado até aos finais do Calcolítico.
Fernandez, Isis. "Enzymes digestives, croissance et aquaculture des crevettes Peneaus schmitti et Penaeus notialis." Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MNHN0012.
Full textCerqueira, Danilo César Oliveira de. "Caracterização de leguminosas para adubação verde de canaviais em solo de Tabuleiro Costeiro, Penedo, Alagoas." Universidade Federal de Alagoas, 2011. http://repositorio.ufal.br/handle/riufal/256.
Full textFundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Alagoas
A expansão da área cultivada com cana-de-açúcar incorpora, a cada safra, regiões de solos pobres, de baixa fertilidade natural e baixa CTC. A adubação verde pode ser utilizada na renovação dos canaviais com grandes benefícios para o solo, no entanto, para cada condição edafoclimática faz-se importante um estudo para definir quais as leguminosas mais adequadas para servirem como adubos verdes e para avaliar os efeitos na cultura da cana-de-açúcar. Este trabalho experimental teve por objetivo caracterizar o crescimento e a extração de nutrientes de determinadas espécies de leguminosas utilizadas como adubos verdes e suas respectivas influências na produtividade e índices tecnológicos da cana-de-açúcar em solo de Tabuleiro Costeiro, Penedo, Alagoas. Este experimento foi desenvolvido em área de exploração comercial, na Fazenda Perocabinha, lote 25, Usina Paisa, situada no município de Penedo, Alagoas. A temperatura média característica da região é 25,8°C com média das máximas de 30,2°C e média das mínimas de 21,3°C. A precipitação média anual é de 1700 mm sendo que o período chuvoso se estende de Abril ao início de Setembro. A área experimental foi situada em Tabuleiro Costeiro em um Argissolo Amarelo Distrófico. Este trabalho foi organizado para ser executado em duas etapas. Na primeira fase foi realizado o plantio em arranjo experimental de algumas espécies leguminosas, fase implantada na época das chuvas, os tratamentos foram os seguintes: T1= Crotalaria spectabilis, T2= Crotalaria juncea, T3= Crotalaria ochroleuca, T4= Crotalaria breviflora, T5= Feijão Guandu, T6= Torta de filtro, T7= Testemunha. Na fase final, em sucessão à adubação verde, foi realizada a renovação do canavial apenas com uma variedade de cana-deaçúcar, a RB98579, que foi plantada sobre as mesmas parcelas experimentais com o intuito de avaliar a influência da adubação verde na produtividade da cultura. O experimento foi constituído por sete tratamentos, 5 repetições e suas parcelas apresentaram 70 m² (7m x 10m). O delineamento estatístico foi o de blocos casualizados e os resultados obtidos foram submetidos à análise de variância. Após 100 dias de cultivo, foram realizadas todas as avaliações nas leguminosas e na cana-deaçúcar as medições foram realizadas no final do ciclo da cultura. Verificou-se que ocorrem diversas diferenças biométricas entre as leguminosas estudadas, a produção de fitomassa, o acúmulo nutricional e a eficiência nutricional também diferiram de um adubo verde para o outro. Constatou-se que há um ganho de 15 t ha-1 de cana-de-açúcar quando os canaviais são cultivados em sucessão a adubos verdes. O rendimento industrial é incrementado em 6 t ha-1 de açúcar quando se utiliza da adubação verde em canaviais.
Cerqueira, Louise Maria Martins. "Habitar a beira-rio: narrativas sobre uma cartografia da vida ribeirinha a partir de Penedo, AL." Universidade Federal de Alagoas, 2015. http://www.repositorio.ufal.br/handle/riufal/1300.
Full textCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
O presente trabalho versa sobre experiências de habitar ribeirinho coletadas no Baixo São Francisco, região atualmente muito fragilizada pelas mudanças no comportamento do rio ocorridas nas últimas décadas. Buscou-se as histórias do cotidiano através da fala desses habitantes, em sua maioria pescadores e mestres de embarcações, mas também observá-los na sua vivência. No que tange aos espaços edificados, uma atenção especial foi dada aos estaleiros, autoconstruções nas margens do rio, que servem de apoio para as atividades ali desenvolvidas. O procedimento da deriva, bem como a produção de diário de bordo e objetos conceituais, se apresentaram como as ferramentas metodológias passíveis de captar e traduzir a atmosfera do lugar, auxiliando na sintonização com um universo tão distinto do acadêmico, ao passo em que também influenciaram a forma como a dissertação foi construída. Assim, uma narrativa sobre o ambiente ribeirinho foi guiada pelo embate da história oral com o olhar e interpretação da pesquisadora, desenvolvida a partir de elementos recortados da paisagem cotidiana dos trabalhadores do rio, e posteriormente explorada através de reflexões cartográficas. Elas foram marcadas por uma desconstrução do mapa tradicional, na qual os conceitos de rizoma, espaço liso e estriado foram chave. Em tempos em que a discussão do patrimônio imaterial ganha relevo, a vivência com os ribeirinhos permitiu ampliar noções concernentes ao âmbito da arquitetura, descortinando outras formas de construir e apropriar o “espaço habitado”. Esta categoria foi a que melhor se adequou para abordar esse universo maleável, mutável e nem sempre aferido com marcos tangíveis e fixos, que é o do cotidiano ribeirinho. O trabalho se conclui com a construção de um mapa que busca deslizar para um outro suporte o que a narrativa da dissertação apresentou.
Figueiredo, Patrícia de Jesus. "Rastreio parasitológico em populações de caprinos silvestres, assilvestrados e domésticos no Parque Nacional da Peneda-Gerês." Master's thesis, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa. Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/3767.
Full textA cabra-montesa (Capra pyrenaica) é uma espécie endémica da Península ibérica, uma das mais emblemáticas do Parque Nacional da Peneda-Gerês. Contam-se 13 anos desde o regresso deste ungulado silvestre a território português depois de a espécie ser considerada extinta em 1890. A presença crescente de gado doméstico e assilvestrado, sobretudo de caprinos, nas áreas ocupadas pelas cabras montesas constitui uma das principais ameaças à conservação da espécie, quer devido ao aumento da prevalência e transmissão de doenças, quer devido à competição pelos recursos naturais. Posto isto, torna-se importante a monitorização e controlo deste tipo de rebanhos. Neste contexto, elaborou-se um estudo sobre a parasitofauna de 27 núcleos de caprinos residentes na área do PNPG através da recolha de 50 amostras de fezes, pertencentes a cabras-montesas (Capra pyrenaica, n=22), cabras domésticas (Capra hircus, n=20) e cabras assilvestradas (Capra hircus, n=8). Em Portugal, é a primeira vez que se realiza um estudo deste género na cabra-montesa. No total das 50 amostras, 98% (n=49) apresentaram formas parasitárias pertencentes a pelo menos um dos 9 géneros/espécies identificados e com as seguintes prevalências: Muellerius capillaris (100%, n=22 cabra-montesa, n=20 cabra doméstica, 75%, n=6 cabra assilvestrada), Nematodirus (100%, n=20 cabra doméstica, 95,5%, n=21 cabra-montesa, 25%, n=2 cabra assilvestrada), Teladorsagia (65%, n=13 cabra doméstica, 22,7%, n=5 cabra-montesa, 12,5%, n=1 cabra assilvestrada) Trichostrongylus (45%, n=9 cabra doméstica, 13,6%, n=3 cabra-montesa, 12,5%, n=1 cabra assilvestrada), Moniezia benedeni (35%, n=7 cabra doméstica, 22,7%, n=5 cabra-montesa, 12,5%, n=1 cabra assilvestrada), Dicrocoelium dendriticum (5%, n=1 cabra doméstica), Trichuris ovis (5%, n=1 cabra doméstica), Eimeria (70%, n=14 cabra doméstica, 59,1%, n=13 cabra-montesa, 37,5%, n=3 cabra assilvestrada) e Cryptosporidium (20%, n=4 cabra doméstica, 13,6%, n=3 cabra-montesa, 12,5%, n=1 cabra assilvestrada). De uma forma geral, a parasitofauna encontrada nas 3 populações foi muito semelhante, tendo-se registado intensidades parasitárias baixas, o que não invalida a necessidade da continuação de estudos de monitorização destas populações de caprinos.
ABSTRACT - Parasitological survey on wild, feral and domestic goat’s populations from Peneda-Gerês National Park - The Iberian ibex is endemic to the Iberian Peninsula, one of the most emblematic species from Peneda-Gerês National Park. Is has passed 13 years since the return of this wild ungulate to Portuguese territory, after this specie be considered extinct at 1890. The increasing presence of livestock, specially domestic and feral goats, at the Iberian ibex’s range, is one of the main threats to ibex conservation, either because of the increase of diseases prevalence and transmission rates, but also due the competition to natural resources. Therefore, it’s important to monitor and control these types of flocks. In this context, a parasitological study was developed in 27 goat’s nuclei inhabiting the national park’s range from the collection of feces bellowing to Iberian ibexes (Capra pyrenaica, n=22), domestic goats (Capra hircus, n=20) and feral goats (Capra hircus, n=8). In Portugal this was the first study of this kind on Iberian ibex. In a total of 50 samples, 98% (n=49) shown to be positive for at least one parasite of the 9 identified genera/species and there were the following prevalences: Muellerius capillaris (100%, n=22 Iberian ibex, n=20 domestic goat, 75%, n=6 feral goat), Nematodirus (100%, n=20 domestic goat, 95,5%, n=21 Iberian ibex, 25%, n=2 feral goat), Teladorsagia (65%, n=13 domestic goat, 22,7%, n=5 Iberian ibex, 12,5%, n=1 feral goat) Trichostrongylus (45%, n=9 domestic goat, 13,6%, n=3 Iberian ibex, 12,5%, n=1feral goat), Moniezia benedeni (35%, n=7 domestic goat, 22,7%, n=5 Iberian ibex, 12,5%, n=1 feral goat), Dicrocoelium dendriticum (5%, n=1 domestic goat), Trichuris ovis (5%, n=1 domestic goat), Eimeria (70%, n=14 domestic goat, 59,1%, n=13 Iberian ibex, 37,5%, n=3 feral goat) e Cryptosporidium (20%, n=4 domestic goat, 13,6%, n=3 Iberian ibex, 12,5%, n=1 feral goat). In general, the parasitic fauna encountered at the three goat’s population was very similar, with low parasitic’s intensity, but it cannot be underestimated the need of continuing the monitoring study’s on these goat’s population.
BOUCARD, VAZQUEZ CELIA. "Etude de la reproduction chez les crevettes peneides. Nature et devenir de la masse vitelline. Aspects fondamentaux et appliques." Caen, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990CAEN2032.
Full textMendes, Maria Isabel de Deus. "O valor de recreio das áreas protegidas - uma aplicação ao caso do Parque Nacional da Peneda Gerês." Doctoral thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/8339.
Full textSIlva, Daniella Pereira de Souza. ""Arruando" vejo rio, homens, pedra & cal : a des-re-patrimonialização do sítio histórico tombado de Penedo-AL." Universidade Federal de Sergipe, 2016. https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/5462.
Full textA patrimonialização entendida como processo de ressignificação dos lugares tem criado conflitos como consequência da sua territorialização em territórios preexistentes, forçando um encontro entre cultura, hábitos, modos e estilos de vida consolidados e singulares, e o competitivo mercado turístico das cidades-patrimônio. O presente estudo pretendeu compreender como a patrimonialização é processada institucionalmente e como é percebida cotidianamente pela população dos sítios históricos tombados considerando a sua relação com os agentes da patrimonialização e a paisagem cultural. Selecionamos o município de Penedo, localizado na região do Baixo São Francisco alagoano, por ser tombado a nível federal, estadual e municipal. Como objetivo geral, buscamos entender quais mecanismos, processos, estratégias e conflitos estão na base do processo patrimonializador do sítio histórico tombado de Penedo-AL, explicitando a complexidade das relações travadas entre os agentes externos e internos da patrimonialização e a população daquela área para viabilizá-lo. A pesquisa desenvolveu-se tomando como caminho metodológico a abordagem qualitativa e procurou ater-se a três questões estruturantes: as mudanças e permanências no município de Penedo como fatores contributivos do processo patrimonalizador em suas várias dimensões; as múltiplas percepções da/na paisagem-patrimônio e, a patrimonialização percebida como processo des-re-territorializador. As reflexões em torno destas questões permitiram concluir que o processo de patrimonialização afeta a percepção da paisagem cultural pela população residente bem como pelos empresários/autônomos que “usam” o sítio histórico; que como processo institucional ainda persistem fragilidades nas políticas e nas gestões, no caso de Penedo, nas escalas municipal, estadual e federal. Ademais, a mercantilização dos lugares com vistas à competitividade no setor turístico os conduz a um processo de des-re-patrimonialização que vai se concretizando num continuum baseado na i-mobilidade da população dos sítios históricos tombados, na medida em que novos sentidos estão sendo concebidos e novas funções estabelecidas devido à valorização do patrimônio com a normatização e não pela vivência.
Gómez, Martín Francesc Josep. "El "Tractat de les penes particulars d'infern" de Joan Pasqual: estudi i edició crítica." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/135057.
Full textThe Tractat de les penes particulars d’infern, by Joan Pasqual, a Master of Theology and Franciscan from Castelló d’Empúries, is part of a work of theological diffusion divided in two volumes: the Llibre de beatitud, dedicated in 1436 to Joan Llull, chief counselor of Barcelona, and the Llibre de pena, including this Tractat intended for the theological description of the particular punishments in hell, although its main sources are poetical: Dante’s Inferno, the first draft of the Comentum by Pietro Alighieri and the third draft of De fabulis poetarum (or Ovidius moralizatus) by Pierre Bersuire. The establishment of the critical text consists on an emendatio of the unique manuscript (Biblioteca de Catalunya, 468, fol. 164-207), assisted by these sources. The introductory study contributes some unpublished documentary data which enables to trace a biography of Joan Pasqual and to describe the cultural context that induced him to take Dante as a model
Guimarães, Esmeraldo Victor Cavalcante. "Entre janelas e camarotes : o sagrado e o profano na festa do Bom Jesus dos Navegantes de Penedo/AL." Universidade Federal de Sergipe, 2014. https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/5503.
Full textA pesquisa traz reflexões sobre a Festa de Bom Jesus dos Navegantes que ocorre há 130 anos na cidade alagoana de Penedo com a realização de uma das mais significativas procissões fluviais do rio São Francisco. O objetivo geral buscou analisar a relação do sagrado e do profano e compreender os processos de produção do arranjo festivo que, ao mesmo tempo em que esvaziam o real sentido da festa, o enche de pessoas, do lugar e de fora dele, nos momentos de comemoração. A análise pautada na abordagem qualitativa privilegiou fontes documentais, entrevistas e observações sobre a história e o chão da festa com trabalho empírico nos festejos dos anos de 2013 e 2014. A memória dos entrevistados – fiéis, festeiros e organizadores - foi útil para a apreciação das mudanças ocorridas na Festa do Bom Jesus dos Navegantes. Identificamos nesses 130 anos de festejos dois arranjos que se distinguem pela inserção de atividades e pela duração da festa, quais sejam o arrano sagrado e o arranjo profano. Constatou-se que a festa, historicamente, funciona como entidade sociocultural complexa, produtora e portadora de uma identidade que lhe vai sendo atribuída pelas intenções e costumes daqueles que a organizam. Evidencia-se que aqueles que tecem a construção da festa, ano a ano, a promovem sempre de uma forma singular. O povo penedense ao longo dos 130 anos da festa tem se revezado na tarefa de construir as festas e manter a tradição. Cada festa traz consigo a marca do tempo e da técnica que está à disposição da sociedade em cada tempo.
Silva, Júnior Cláudio Gomes da. "Da fé à festa : uma análise ritual, simbólica e performática dos festejos da lavagem do Rosário Largo em Penedo, Alagoas." Pós-Graduação em Antropologia, 2013. https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/3169.
Full textA referida pesquisa tem como objeto de estudo a Festa da Lavagem dedicada ao orixá Oxalá realizada no Largo do Rosário, em Penedo, Alagoas. O ritual acontece há cerca de treze anos, e foi inspirado na tradicional lavagem do Senhor do Bonfim de Salvador, através da ressignificação de elementos simbólicos. Durante sua realização são lavados o Beco da Preguiça e o adro da Igreja de Nossa Senhora do Rosário dos Pretos, espaços que representam a oposição entre o sagrado e o profano e que são tomados pelos festejos do carnaval de rua após a lavagem. O ritual se apresenta enquanto uma festa de purificação, sendo uma das maiores expressões do sincretismo religioso na cidade, e se desenvolve através de uma ação que relaciona o catolicismo e o candomblé em homenagem a Oxalá, o orixá da criação, possuindo também uma referência à mitologia africana. O objetivo é desenvolver uma discussão acerca do significado ritual da lavagem do Rosário a partir do trabalho etnográfico, analisar o envolvimento dos participantes e suas performances, os símbolos rituais, sua forma de organização e contexto histórico, enquanto um ritual que agrega fé e festa e que se desenvolve durante o tempo e espaço festivos do carnaval.
Araújo, de Almeida António Sérgio. "Contributions des traditions populaires pour une nouvelle culture de tourisme au Portugal : le cas du Parc National de Peneda Gerês." Perpignan, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PERP0781.
Full textContributions of the popular traditions for a new Culture of Tourism in Portugal - the case of Peneda Gerês National Park - is the theme of this work that concluded that traditions and popular culture may, under certain circumstances, be assumed as a link between nature and the local communities and their respective culture, thus facilitating the diversification of the tourist offers, which has become one of the great priorities defined by the political power for the Tourism in Portugal. Under these circumstances and owing to its unique characteristics, we decided to see the Peneda Gerês National Park as a case study mostly for being the only National Park of Portugal. Not only does it present specific natural and cultural characteristics and only potential in nature terms and culture, as it is habited by communities, as it is inhabited by local communities that maintain strong liaisons to each other, persisting on assuming their local, regional and international culture. The role of the local communities of Peneda Gerês National Park causes the beginning and the reinforcement of tourist offers that had never been considered as such, namely the Gastronomy, the Craft and the Festival Events. We have seen that in Peneda Gerês National Park, the local communities compete with each other in what regards its patrimony. Such a competition not only promotes these communities within the Park, but also in a wider range, such as the region, the country and abroad. We have also seen that there are neighbour communities which join this competition with their traditions. This communitarian competition assumes a role of regional identity assumption. Therefore, we can say that there is a healthy competition between communities that strengthen their values in this context adding nature and culture to the tourist product. All these scenarios are integrated by the local communities and it is this integration which stands out as a great advantage for tourist seduction
Fernandes, Carlos de Oliveira. "Community engagement with local associations and in the development of tourism : a case study of residents of three parishes in the Peneda Gerês National Park." Thesis, Bournemouth University, 2009. http://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/13013/.
Full textMelo, Alice Maria Queiroz de. "Idades U-Pb de zircão detríticos e suas implicações na proveniência de sedimentos da porção inferior da formação Penedo, bacia de Sergipe-Alagoas, NE Brasil." Universidade Federal de Sergipe, 2017. https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/5404.
Full textAmong the several techniques used for provenance studies, the geochronological analysis associated to paleocurrent survey has presented excellent results. Therefore, this study aimed to identifying the sources of the sandstone at the outcrop that gave name to the Penedo Formation, inserted in the Sergipe-Alagoas Basin. This outcrop is located at Penedo’s city, state of Alagoas, northeast of Brazil. The methodology consisted of a continuous bibliographical survey; field work for sample collection and paleocurrent analysis; preparation of samples for concentration of the detrital zircon crystals; chemical-isotopic determination of the crystals with the U-Pb dating, by Laser Ablation Mass Spectrometer (LA-ICP-MS); data processing and the elaboration of this dissertation. The sedimentary record of paleocurrents indicated a contribution coming from north, while the analyzed crystals indicated ages ranging from Mesoarchean (3,098 ± 33 Ma) to Paleozoic (530 ± 12 Ma). This set of ages is related to five groups of sources: Neoproterozoic granites related to the Brasiliano cycle; Mesoproterozoic rocks of the Cabrobró Complex; rocks of the Paleoproterozoic basement coming from the Arapiraca Complex; and finally, rocks of Neo and Mesoarquean ages from rocks of the “Domo Jirau do Ponciano”, south of Alagoas state. Further work with the chemical characterization of zircon crystals of various igneous lithotypes (presented in this dissertation in the form of annex), indicated that these crystals of the Penedo Formation were largely provided from basic igneous or mantle affinity rocks, which ratifies the sources identified here by geocrology and paleocurrent analysis.
Dentre as diversas técnicas empregadas para estudos de proveniência, a análise geocronológica aliada ao levantamento de paleocorrentes tem se destacado com excelentes resultados. Esta pesquisa teve o objetivo de identificar as fontes dos arenitos da seção aflorante que deu nome à Formação Penedo, inserida na Bacia de Sergipe-Alagoas. Este afloramento localiza-se na cidade de Penedo, estado de Alagoas, nordeste do Brasil. A metodologia de trabalho constituiu de levantamento bibliográfico contínuo; missões de campo para coleta de amostra e levantamento de paleocorrentes; preparação das amostras para concentração dos cristais de zircão detríticos; determinação química-isotópica dos cristais com a datação U-Pb, por meio de Espectrometria de Massa por Ablação a Laser (LA-ICP-MS); tratamento de dados e elaboração desta dissertação. O registro sedimentar de paleocorrentes indicaram aporte vindo de norte, enquanto os cristais analisados indicaram idades variando do Mesoarqueano (3.098 ± 33 Ma) ao Paleozóico (530 ± 12 Ma). Este conjunto de idades está relacionado a cinco grupos de fontes: granitos neoproterozóicos relacionados ao ciclo Brasiliano; rochas mesoproterozóicas do Complexo Cabrobró; rochas do embasamento paleoproterozóico provindas do Complexo Arapiraca; e por fim, rochas de idades neo e mesoarqueanas provenientes do Domo Jirau do Ponciano, sul do estado de Alagoas. Trabalho complementar sobre a caracterização química de cristais de zircões de diversos litotipos ígneos (apresentados nesta dissertação na forma de anexo), indicaram que estes cristais da Formação Penedo eram em grande parte oriundos de rochas ígneas básicas ou com afinidade mantélica, ratificando as fontes aqui indentificadas por meio de geocrologia e paleocorrente.
Blay, Gil Ester. "La pena de trabajo en beneficio de la comunidad." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/5084.
Full textLos materiales empleados para realizar este estudio han sido fundamentalmente bibliografía española y extranjera sobre la materia, especialmente anglosajona; esta elección se debe a las numerosas reflexiones teóricas existentes alrededor del modelo británico de servicios comunitarios, a la constante evaluación a la que ha sido sometido y a su influencia en la expansión del TBC en numerosos ordenamientos europeos occidentales.
Además del estudio de la literatura disponible, se han tratado de tener en cuenta los resultados de los estudios empíricos existentes, y se ha buscado una aproximación a la realidad de la aplicación de la pena, más allá de sus aspectos normativos mediante entrevistas con jueces y con responsables y técnicos de la gestión de la ejecución de la pena en el ámbito catalán; en el ámbito inglés se ha realizado un seguimiento del trabajo de un grupo de penados durante diversas sesiones.
El estudio del TBC se ha abordado en primer lugar desde un punto de vista histórico, intentando rastrear los orígenes del TBC con voluntad clarificar el contenido de la pena y de apuntar al sentido que pueda tener su introducción en los contemporáneos ordenamientos. Se ha desvinculado el TBC de otras formas históricas de utilización del trabajo penal, caracterizadas por su dureza y por un componente de explotación y de humillación del penado ajenos a la sanción objeto de estudio.
Hemos analizado dos elementos esenciales de la pena: la privación de tiempo de ocio como parte fundamental de su contenido, y el papel desempeñado por la comunidad en el desarrollo y la ejecución de las sanciones de trabajos comunitarios. El estudio de estos dos elementos nos ha permitido contextualizar el TBC en un momento determinado del desarrollo de las sociedades occidentales, distinguiéndolo claramente de formas de trabajo forzado.
Finalmente hemos vinculado el TBC al desarrollo de las penas alternativas a la prisión; parece que es esta vinculación la que otorga al TBC su sentido de reducir el recurso a la prisión como sanción penal.
En segundo lugar hemos tratado de abordar los fundamentos de la sanción. Para ello hemos procedido a analizar si es capaz de satisfacer los fines tradicionalmente exigidos a las penas de acuerdo con las investigaciones empíricas disponibles, y el resultado de nuestro análisis ha sido globalmente positivo.
De la prevención general, la prevención especial, la incapacitación y la retribución se derivan exigencias respecto de la regulación y la aplicación del TBC, que hemos tratado de sistematizar. El modelo de TBC resultante nos ha servido como punto de partida para analizar la vigente regulación de la sanción y realizar propuestas interpretativas y de modificación legislativa al respecto.
En tercer lugar, se ha procedido a analizar la regulación del TBC contenida en el CP, fundamentalmente en su artículo 49, así como las funciones que la sanción tiene asignadas en el sistema de penas, procurándose integrar en este análisis normativo el estudio de la mecánica de ejecución de la sanción, regulada en el Real Decreto 515/2005.
Finalmente se han procurado recoger y valorar los datos dispobibles acerca de la aplicación efectiva de esta pena en el ámbito estatal, bajo la competencia de la Dirección General de Instituciones Penitenciarias, y en particular en el ámbito catalán, bajo la competencia de la Subdirecció General de Medi Obert i Mesures Penals Alternatives.
The main aim of this research has been to build a model of community service as punishment in order to analyse and evaluate the introduction of such a sanction in the Spanish sanctioning system, its regulation and the functions granted to it, as well as the degree and areas in which it has been actually applied to.
The data used in order to pursue this research has been fundamentally Spanish and foreign scientific literature, particularly anglosaxon sources; such choice is due to the many theoretical works elaborated arround British community service orders as well as the constant empirical evaluation it has been submitted to, as well as the influence of the British model in the expansion of the sanction in most european systems.
As well as the study of the available literature, we have tried to take into account the result of the available empirical research, and we have tried to approach the reality of the practical implementation of the sanction, beyond its normative aspects, through interviews with judges and with the agents responsible for the implementation of community service in Catalonia; in England, we have followed the work of a group of offenders during several community service sessions.
The study of community service orders has been takled in the first place from a historical point of view, looking for the origins of the sanction with the intent to clarify its content and the sense its introduction in contemporary santioning systems may have. Thus community service has been distinguished from historical uses of penal labour characterized by their harshness and by an element of exploitation and humiliation of offenders completely alien to contemporary community service orders.
Still from a historical point of view two essential elements in this sanction have been analysed: privation of leisure as a fundamental part of its contents, and the role played by the community in the development and implementation of community service orders. The study of these two elements has allowed us to contextualize community service orders in a particular social and cultural context in Western societies, thus clearly distinguishing them from forced labour.
We have finally linked community service orders to the development of alternatives to prison; this link, it seems, grants community service orders its sense as a means of reducing the use of prison as a criminal sanction.
Next the theoretical foundations of the sanction have been analysed. In order to do so we have examined if it is capable of satisfying the ends traditionally demanded from sanctions according to available empirical evidence, and the result of our analysis has been generally positive.
Various consequences for the regulation and implementation of community service orders derive from deterrence, rehabilitation, incapacitation and retribution, and we have tried to somehow organize them. The resulting model of community service orders has been used as a starting point for the analysis of current Spanish regulation of the sanction, putting forward interpretations and legal changes.
In the third place, the analysis of the legal regulation of community service orders contained in the Spanish Criminal Code, particularly in its article 49, has been tackled, as well as the functions the sanction has been granted in the sanctioning system; such a normative analysis has been complemented with the study of the particulars of the implementation process of the penalty, contained in Real Decreto 515/2005.
Finally, the available data on the actual implementation of community service orders in Spain (both under the Dirección General de Instituciones Penitenciarias and the Subdirecció General de Medi Obert i Mesures Penals Alternatives) has been collected and evaluated.
Santos, Natanael Barbosa dos [UNESP]. "Avaliação do risco de desenvolvimento de fluorose dentária através da ingestão total de flúor, em crianças de 18 a 36 meses, no município de Penedo - AL." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/104198.
Full textCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
A utilização do flúor como medida preventiva e terapêutica tem mudado o perfil da doença cárie dentária, no entanto o aumento da exposição a múltiplas fontes de flúor tem proporcionado uma preocupação constante sobre o aumento da prevalência e severidade da fluorose dentária. O objetivo da presente pesquisa foi analisar a ingestão total de flúor e avaliar o risco de desenvolvimento de fluorose dentária. A amostra foi composta por 55 crianças, de 18 a 36 meses de idade, que freqüentavam as creches (n=25) municipais e outras que residiam em um bairro (n=30) do município de Penedo-Al, tendo o mesmo a água de abastecimento público fluoretada. Foi aplicado, aos pais e/ou responsáveis, um questionário sobre os hábitos de higiene bucal das crianças. Para a análise da ingestão de flúor na dieta, a metodologia aplicada foi a técnica de duplicata da dieta sólida e líquida, durante dois dias consecutivos, enquanto que a ingestão de flúor pelo uso de dentifrício fluoretado foi estimada através da subtração do conteúdo de flúor contido na escova pelo conteúdo de flúor expectorado pela criança. Também foi analisada a regularidade da concentração de flúor adicionada à água da rede pública do referido município. Não existiu diferença significativa em função da ingestão total de flúor entre as crianças da creche e do bairro, respectivamente (lDP) 0,11l0,0463 e 0,09l0,0424 mgF/Kg peso/dia (Teste-t; p>0,05). A quantidade de flúor ingerida na dieta não ultrapassou a dose de risco para o desenvolvimento de fluorose preconizada de 0,05 a 0,07 mgF/Kg peso/dia. A ingestão de flúor através do dentifrício correspondeu a 64,5% do total ingerido nas creches. Fatores como: freqüência de escovação, quantidade de dentifrício colocado na escova, níveis de expectoração e a concentração de flúor solúvel do dentifrício utilizado tiveram correlação...
The use of fluoride as a preventive and as a therapeutic measure has changed the dental caries profile. However, exposure to multiple sources of fluoride and an increase in its consumption has brought about a greater and ongoing concern regarding the increase in the prevalence and incidence of dental fluorosis. The objective of this study were to assess the total fluoride ingestion by small children and the subsequent risk of developing dental fluorosis. Fifty five (55) children aged 18 to 36 months of age took past in this study. From those, 25 were enrolled in a nursery school and 30 were lifelong residents of suburbs of the city of Penedo - AL, Brazil. All children drank tap water from the public water system of Penedo, which is artificially fluoridated. All parents answered a questionnaire about the oral hygiene habits of their children. During two consecutive days all food and water ingested by each child was collected using the duplicated-plate technique. Fluoride ingestion from dentifrice was estimated by subtracting of the fluoride content in the toothbrush plus the child expectorated toothpaste-saliva slurry from the total fluoride contained in amount of toothpaste placed in the toothbrush. Fluoride in the public water system was also analyzed. There was no significant difference in total fluoride ingestion between nursery-enrolled and non-nursery-enrolled children. The meanlSD total fluoride ingestion in both groups were 0.11l0.0463 and 0.09l0.0424 mgF/Kg body weight/day, respectively (t-Test; p>0,05). Fluoride ingestion from diet did not reach the theoretical dose of 0.05-0.07 mgF/Kg body weight/day which is used to determine the risk for dental fluorosis. Fluoride ingestion from dentifrice amounted to 64.5% of total fluoride ingestion by nursery children. Factors such: toothbrushing frequency, amount of toothpaste placed in the toothbrush, quantity expectorated and ...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Santos, Natanael Barbosa dos. "Avaliação do risco de desenvolvimento de fluorose dentária através da ingestão total de flúor, em crianças de 18 a 36 meses, no município de Penedo - AL /." Araçatuba, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/104198.
Full textBanca: Dóris Hissako Sumida
Banca: Marília Afonso Rabelo Buzalaf
Banca: Renato Herman Sundfeld
Banca: Antonio Carlos Pereira
Resumo: A utilização do flúor como medida preventiva e terapêutica tem mudado o perfil da doença cárie dentária, no entanto o aumento da exposição a múltiplas fontes de flúor tem proporcionado uma preocupação constante sobre o aumento da prevalência e severidade da fluorose dentária. O objetivo da presente pesquisa foi analisar a ingestão total de flúor e avaliar o risco de desenvolvimento de fluorose dentária. A amostra foi composta por 55 crianças, de 18 a 36 meses de idade, que freqüentavam as creches (n=25) municipais e outras que residiam em um bairro (n=30) do município de Penedo-Al, tendo o mesmo a água de abastecimento público fluoretada. Foi aplicado, aos pais e/ou responsáveis, um questionário sobre os hábitos de higiene bucal das crianças. Para a análise da ingestão de flúor na dieta, a metodologia aplicada foi a técnica de duplicata da dieta sólida e líquida, durante dois dias consecutivos, enquanto que a ingestão de flúor pelo uso de dentifrício fluoretado foi estimada através da subtração do conteúdo de flúor contido na escova pelo conteúdo de flúor expectorado pela criança. Também foi analisada a regularidade da concentração de flúor adicionada à água da rede pública do referido município. Não existiu diferença significativa em função da ingestão total de flúor entre as crianças da creche e do bairro, respectivamente (lDP) 0,11l0,0463 e 0,09l0,0424 mgF/Kg peso/dia (Teste-t; p>0,05). A quantidade de flúor ingerida na dieta não ultrapassou a dose de risco para o desenvolvimento de fluorose preconizada de 0,05 a 0,07 mgF/Kg peso/dia. A ingestão de flúor através do dentifrício correspondeu a 64,5% do total ingerido nas creches. Fatores como: freqüência de escovação, quantidade de dentifrício colocado na escova, níveis de expectoração e a concentração de flúor solúvel do dentifrício utilizado tiveram correlação ...(Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The use of fluoride as a preventive and as a therapeutic measure has changed the dental caries profile. However, exposure to multiple sources of fluoride and an increase in its consumption has brought about a greater and ongoing concern regarding the increase in the prevalence and incidence of dental fluorosis. The objective of this study were to assess the total fluoride ingestion by small children and the subsequent risk of developing dental fluorosis. Fifty five (55) children aged 18 to 36 months of age took past in this study. From those, 25 were enrolled in a nursery school and 30 were lifelong residents of suburbs of the city of Penedo - AL, Brazil. All children drank tap water from the public water system of Penedo, which is artificially fluoridated. All parents answered a questionnaire about the oral hygiene habits of their children. During two consecutive days all food and water ingested by each child was collected using the duplicated-plate technique. Fluoride ingestion from dentifrice was estimated by subtracting of the fluoride content in the toothbrush plus the child expectorated toothpaste-saliva slurry from the total fluoride contained in amount of toothpaste placed in the toothbrush. Fluoride in the public water system was also analyzed. There was no significant difference in total fluoride ingestion between nursery-enrolled and non-nursery-enrolled children. The meanlSD total fluoride ingestion in both groups were 0.11l0.0463 and 0.09l0.0424 mgF/Kg body weight/day, respectively (t-Test; p>0,05). Fluoride ingestion from diet did not reach the theoretical dose of 0.05-0.07 mgF/Kg body weight/day which is used to determine the risk for dental fluorosis. Fluoride ingestion from dentifrice amounted to 64.5% of total fluoride ingestion by nursery children. Factors such: toothbrushing frequency, amount of toothpaste placed in the toothbrush, quantity expectorated and ...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Doutor
Torres, Rosell Núria. "La pena de treballs en benefici de la comunitat estudi penal i criminològic." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Lleida, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/8136.
Full textRíos, Arenaldi Jaime Rodolfo. "Individualización judicial de la pena y doctrinas de la pena." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Lleida, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/131999.
Full textAtendido el plano legal y teórico pertinente y mediante el análisis de sentencias por delitos graves y/o de connotación pública (v. gr., homicidio, violación, robo con violencia) en que es condenado un infractor adulto a pena privativa de libertad, esta Tesis pretende dilucidar, presupuesto que la imposición de sanción por sí importa retribución y prevención general positiva, correspondiendo considerar todos a efecto de fijar el quantum punitivo, cuál(es) fin(es) otro(s) que los antedichos el juez español y chileno tuvo en vista, determinándose la “tendencia” de las judicaturas. En cuatro Capítulos, se tratan, entre otros, las doctrinas absolutas o retribucionistas, relativas o prevencionistas y mixtas o de la unión, o sea, los fines de retribución, prevención general negativa, prevención general positiva, prevención especial negativa y prevención especial positiva de la pena (capítulo I), la Jurisprudencia, los sistemas jurisprudenciales, el precedente judicial, la racionalidad de la decisión judicial (capítulo II), el catálogo penal español para personas naturales, la determinación legal y judicial de la pena, las sanciones aplicables a personas jurídicas y reglas para imponer aquéllas, el catálogo penal chileno para personas naturales, las reglas de determinación legal y judicial de la pena, las sanciones previstas para entes colectivos y regulación establecida para decretar aquéllas (capítulo III), precisándose en definitiva -con fallos que detalladamente se anexan-, planteado por qué toda condena importa retribución y prevención general positiva y cuándo el juez español y chileno dispuso pena privativa de libertad conforme la prevención especial positiva o, en su defecto, prevención especial negativa y, en su caso, prevención general negativa, y conocida la metodología empleada, la “tendencia” resultante en relación a los mentados fines (capítulo IV).
Considering the pertinent legal and theoretical perspectives, according to the sentences for grave crimes and / or of public notoriety (i.e., homicide, rape, and robbery) of condemned imprisoned adult offenders, this thesis aims to elucidate, presuppositions that every sanction imposed means retribution and general positive deterrence and having to estimate every purpose in fixating the quantum punitive, which purpose (s) other (s) than above mentioned the Spanish and Chilean judges had in mind, thus allowing to establish the judiciary " tendency ". Within four chapters, addressed, among others, absolute or retributivists doctrines, relative, based on prevention rationales or mixed, that is to say, the purpose of retribution, general negative deterrence, general positive deterrence, negative special deterrence and positive special deterrence of punishment (chapter I), Jurisprudence, the jurisprudential systems, judicial precedent, and rational of judicial decision making (chapter II), the Spanish penal catalog for natural persons, the legal and judicial determination of punishment, the sanctions applicable to legal entities and norms to be applied, the Chilean penal catalog for natural persons, the legal and judicial determination of punishment, the foreseen sanctions applicable to collective legal entities and norms to be applied (chapter III), finally -resolutions that are annexed in detail- establishing, why every prison sentence matters with retribution and general positive deterrence and when the Spanish and Chilean judge ordered imprisonment considering positive special deterrence or, otherwise, negative special deterrence and, if appropriate, negative general deterrence, and the known methodology utilized, the resulting " tendency " to the mentioned purposes (chapter IV).
González, de León Berini Arturo. "La concreción del castigo : el ejercicio legítimo del arbitrio judicial en las decisiones individualizadoras, desde un enfoque fenomenológico." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Abat Oliba, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/454745.
Full textLa presente tesis doctoral tiene como objetivo principal acometer un estudio renovador, interdisciplinar y en profundidad sobre una de las cuestiones hoy más paradójicas en la ciencia del Derecho penal: la llamada individualización judicial de la sanción. Ello es así porque, por un lado, la decisión del órgano sentenciador, que concreta el castigo, tiene una gran importancia para la vida del reo –¿acaso es lo mismo uno que cuatro años de prisión, con todas las secuelas que pueden derivarse? Y, de otra parte, sin embargo, no existe un tratamiento doctrinal o jurisprudencial de la materia que sea acorde con el estatuto procesal y material de dicha función, a la que JESCHECK se refiere como el verdadero “cénit” de la actividad forense. La investigación se divide en tres bloques sucesivos, que no en vano corresponden con la estructura interna de mi trabajo. En primer lugar, tras una visión crítica del panorama actual, planteo la necesidad de un cambio de paradigma “instrumental”, y de este modo sugiero una aproximación conceptual y sistemática propia al tema. Luego centro el análisis en sus vertientes iusfilosófica y “adjetiva” (poco desarrolladas hasta el momento): la concreción del castigo es un proceso decisorio del juez a quo, quien ejerce –aquí especialmente– un amplio margen de arbitrio, y por ende debe estar sometido al control ad quem para revisar su licitud. Por último, frente a los diversos intentos de racionalizar tal labor (de carácter teleológico o dogmático), propongo un método alternativo al respecto: la fenomenología jurídica como una “herramienta” para cuantificar la pena, en busca de criterios intersubjetivos que sean aceptables por la “communis opinio”.
The doctoral dissertation mainly aims at undertaking a renewing, interdisciplinary and indepth study about one of the most paradoxical questions in Criminal Law nowadays: the so-called "sentencing phase of trial". Why so? On the one hand, since this judicial decision specifying a due punishment has a significant importance for the convict’s life: or is it the same serving one or four years in prison –taking into consideration all the attached effects to it? However, on the other hand, there is no academic or case-law treatment of the subject-matter that is in real accordance with the procedural and material status of the above-said task, to which JESCHECK refers as the genuine "peak" of judges’ activity. My research is here divided in three successive parts, now corresponding to the internal structure of the work. First of all, after a critical review of the current scenario, I advocate the need for an “instrumental” turnaround, thus suggesting my own (conceptual and systematic) approach to this issue. I later focus the analysis on its philosophical and “adjective” aspects, which have been little addressed until now: concrete sentencing is a decision- making process of the judge a quo, who exercises –specially at this point– a broad margin of discretion; therefore, it must be controlled by an ad quem court making sure of its legality. Finally, before several attempts to “rationalize” it (teleological or dogmatic), I propose another method: legal phenomenology as a “tool” for quantifying a punishment, in search of intersubjective criteria ready to be passable by the "communis opinio”.
Diese Dissertation zielt vor allem darauf ab, eine erneuerte, interdisziplinäre und eingehende Untersuchung über eine der heute paradoxesten Themen des Strafrechtswissenschaft durchzuführen: die so genannte "Strafzumessung". Warum ist das so? Einerseits, als diese gerichtliche Entscheidung, die eine Strafmaß angibt, eine wichtigsten Bedeutung für das Leben des Täters hat –oder vielleicht ist es das gleiche, dass er nur ein oder vier Jahre im Gefängnis ist, wobei alle damit verbundenen Wirkungen berücksichtigt werden? Auf der anderen Seite gibt es jedoch keine akademische oder rechtsprechende Behandlung des Gegenstands, die in Übereinstimmung mit dem prozessualen und materiellen Status der oben genannten Aufgabe steht, auf die sich JESCHECK als den echten "Höhepunkt" der Spruchtätigkeit des Richters bezieht. Meine Forschung ist hier in drei aufeinanderfolgenden Teilen geteilt, die nun der inneren Struktur des Werkes entsprechen. Zunächst einmal, nach einer kritischen Überprüfung des aktuellen Szenarios, befürworte ich die Notwendigkeit eines "instrumentalen" Paradigma Wandel, und damit meinen eigenen (konzeptuellen und systematischen) Ansatz zu dieser Frage. Ich spüre später die Analyse auf ihre philosophischen und prozessualen Aspekte, die bislang wenig angesprochen wurden: konkrete Verurteilung ist ein Entscheidungsprozess des a quo Richters, der –besonders an dieser Stelle– einen breiten Diskussionsspielraum ausübt. Deshalb muss es von einem ad quem Gericht kontrolliert 7 werden, um sicherzustellen, darüber seine Rechtmäßigkeit. Schließlich schlage ich –vor einigen Versuchen, sie (teleologisch oder dogmatisch) zu "rationalisieren"– eine andere Methode vor: die Phänomenologie des Rechts als "Werkzeug" zur Quantifizierung einer Strafe, auf der Suche nach intersubjektiven Kriterien, die für die "communis opinio" annehmbar sind.
Prochnow, Penedo Sybille [Verfasser], Heinz [Akademischer Betreuer] Mühl, and Ingeborg [Akademischer Betreuer] Thümmel. "Selbstbestimmung und Teilhabe junger Erwachsener mit geistiger Behinderung: Anspruch und Wirklichkeit der Umsetzung pädagogischer Leitlinien für die schulische Bildung und Vorbereitung junger Erwachsener mit geistiger Behinderung auf die nachschulische Lebenswirklichkeit / Sybille Prochnow Penedo. Betreuer: Heinz Mühl ; Ingeborg Thümmel." Oldenburg : BIS der Universität Oldenburg, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1049559843/34.
Full textProchnow, Penedo Sybille [Verfasser], Heinz Akademischer Betreuer] Mühl, and Ingeborg [Akademischer Betreuer] [Thümmel. "Selbstbestimmung und Teilhabe junger Erwachsener mit geistiger Behinderung: Anspruch und Wirklichkeit der Umsetzung pädagogischer Leitlinien für die schulische Bildung und Vorbereitung junger Erwachsener mit geistiger Behinderung auf die nachschulische Lebenswirklichkeit / Sybille Prochnow Penedo. Betreuer: Heinz Mühl ; Ingeborg Thümmel." Oldenburg : BIS der Universität Oldenburg, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:715-oops-19127.
Full textVarona, Jiménez Alberto. "Tratamiento procesal y sustantivo de la acumulación jurídica de penas." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/667254.
Full textThe institution of the accumulation of penalties (“Acumulación jurídica de las penas”), regulated in the art. 76 of the Criminal Code, is configured as a legal limitation to the successive fulfillment of sentences. This legal practice is motivated by the reeducation and social rehabilitation that custodial sentences should comply with, in accordance to the constitutional mandate provided in art. 25.2 of Spanish Constitution. This institution is consubstantial with the fundamental right to personal freedom, prison treatment and the purpose of punishment and, therefore, the importance of this legal institution is obvious. Nevertheless, this institution has hardly been studied, and has not received special research interest apart from some legal professionals, who have focused on other, more substantial and specific aspects. The limited established precedents, which contrasts with the complexity of the subject, has given rise to an endless number of interpretation issues, both at a substantive and procedural level. This is reflected in the disparity of criteria in the resolutions of the Courts. The source of most of these problems lies in the discussion about the nature and foundation of the penalties accumulation. Given the inadequate regulation, the jurisprudence of the Second Chamber of the Supreme Court acquires particular significance under the cassation appeal against the accumulation orders. The two monographic agreements on this subject, adopted by the Non-Jurisdictional Plenary of the Criminal Chamber over the course of the last three years, are a clear demonstration of this importance and of the evolution undergone by the jurisprudential body, aimed at achieving the objective of social rehabilitation without endowing the punished with a punitive heritage. Undoubtedly, this is a real challenge in the research, which tries to answer each and every one of the substantive and procedural questions that arise on that subject. The research concludes with a procedural normative proposal, with a better fine-tune regulation that safeguards the principle of contradiction and avoids the undue delays derived from the current jurisdictional rule. A substantive proposal is also suggested, with an innovative solution that emphasizes not only on the chronological connection but also the potential knowledge about the functioning of the system. To sum up, the main aim is not other than achieving a better balance between the purposes of general prevention and social reintegration.
Larson, Susan K. "The Origins of Four Paterae of Malea Planum, Mars." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2007. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd1736.pdf.
Full textSerrano, Daura Josep. "Senyoriu i Municipi a la Catalunya Nova: Batllia de Miravet, Comandes d'Horta, d'Ascó i de Vilalba, i Baronies de Flix i d'Entença." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/7311.
Full textPereira, Dulce. "Reabilitação urbana do bairro operário dos Penedos Altos: acessibilidade para todos." Master's thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.6/2261.
Full textLooking at the city of Covilhã, we are faced with a scenario where the presence of former factories in ruins, from the rise of industrialization, prevails over the landscape. With the advent of factory workers also reached the quarters, which are essential to accommodate the population that moved to the city in order to obtain work in these industries. Currently, there are still some of these neighborhoods in the city of Covilhã, hosting testimonials and descendants of this time working for relief, and is therefore inadequate to meet today's requirements, both in terms of architecture, both in terms of public spaces. This is the case of the neighborhood of Penedos Altos, the subject of this dissertation study, built in the 30 to 50, which now has several problems with a particular emphasis on issues of mobility and accessibility. Since this is a key element for understanding the history of the city of Covilhã, their rehabilitation is important as a means of preserving and attractiveness to future residents by preventing a part of the city remain vacant. This thesis will therefore target the working class neighborhoods of study and possible integration solutions today. Once part of the urban structure of cities for many decades, neighborhoods shows workers increasingly need to be analyzed and intervened to improve the city's image.
Pereira, Orlando Manuel Fonseca. "Reflexões estratégicas de desenvolvimento local no contexto da preservação da identidade de Penedos (Mértola)." Doctoral thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/10989.
Full text陳威宇. "Anayze genes expression in peneaus monodon after WSSV infection." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/33241279234407568602.
Full textSousa, Ana Catarina. "O Penedo do Lexim e a sequência do neolítico final e calcolítico da Península de Lisboa." Doctoral thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10451/3480.
Full textO presente trabalho tem por objectivo a análise das dinâmicas de permanência, ruptura, identidade e influência exógena entre as sociedades camponesas que povoaram a Estremadura portuguesa na segunda metade do 4º milénio e 3º milénio a.n.e., lidas através da ocupação pré-histórica do Penedo do Lexim (Mafra). As escavações que efectuei no Penedo do Lexim (1998-2004) forneceram uma base documental que sustenta uma reavaliação dos modelos interpretativos. Propõe-se um modelo polissémico para estes sítios, de vincada função residencial, apresentando estratégias defensivas, mas não necessariamente militares, e que são também palco de vivências ritualizadas, sobretudo nas fases terminais da sua ocupação. A leitura do povoamento da área da Ribeira de Cheleiros permite complementar a perspectiva, fornecendo um campo de análise para realização de leituras de dinâmica de povoamento no espectro cronológico considerado. As dinâmicas sociais e económicas do povoamento parecem registar distintas fases, que podem traduzir outras tantas ordens sociais. No Neolítico final, regista-se um povoamento disseminado, com uma variedade de tipos de implantação e de áreas ocupadas; no início do 3º milénio, parece existir uma concentração do povoamento em sítios proeminentes e a emergência das primeiras muralhas e, finalmente, na segunda metade do 3º milénio, com a generalização do uso das cerâmicas campaniformes há uma verdadeira fissão do povoamento em unidades de povoamento de pequena dimensão. Os dados recentemente identificados no Sul Peninsular evidenciam que a Estremadura nunca teve um carácter central nas dinâmicas sociais e económicas, mantendo um povoamento relativamente disseminado, sem a hierarquização de grande escala que se regista no Sul Peninsular. No Sul Peninsular, o 3º milénio a.n.e. parece congregar um mosaico, onde componentes como a arquitectura defensiva, a metalurgia, a consolidação agro-pastoril e a emergência de complexificação social surgem integradas na dinâmica interna regional, evidenciando contactos, mas sem permitir a clara definição de centros e periferias.
The objective of the present work is to analyse the dynamics of permanence, rupture, identity and exogenous influence amongst the farming communities that inhabited the Estremadura region of Portugal, during the second half of the 4th Millennium and the 3rd Millennium B.C.E., interpreted through the evidence provided by the Prehistoric occupation at the site of Penedo do Lexim (Mafra). My excavation work at Penedo do Lexim (1998-2004) supplied a range of data that supports a re-assessment of previous interpretation models. A polysemic model is suggested for these sites, with a marked residential function, exhibiting defensive strategies, although not necessarily military, that were also the stage of ritualised experiences, especially during the later phases of human occupation. Interpretation of settlement patterns in the area of Ribeira de Cheleiros complements that perspective, supplying a field of study toward the interpretation of settlement dynamics within the chronological period here under consideration. The social and economic dynamics of settlement seem to register distinct phases that may, in their turn, reflect distinct social groups. During the Late Neolithic, settlement is dispersed, with a variety of types of settlement and areas occupied; in the beginning of the 3rd Millennium, there seems to be a concentration of settlements in prominent places and the emergence of the first settlement walls take place; and, finally, during the second half of the 3rd Millennium, with the widespread use of Bell Beaker ceramics, there is a real rupture of settlement into smaller-sized units of settlement. Data recently identified in the south of the Iberian Peninsula indicate that the Estremadura region of Portugal didn’t play a central role in the social and economic dynamics of the period, maintaining a relatively scattered settlement, without the large scale hierarchisation characteristic of the south of the Peninsula. In the south of the Iberian Peninsula, the 3rd Millennium B.C.E. seems to congregate a mosaic where such components as, defensive architecture, metallurgy, the consolidation of an agro-pastoral economy and the emergence of social complexity appear inserted into the internal regional dynamics, revealing contacts, but not a clear definition of centre and periphery.
Soares, Joana Margarida Fernandes. "Habitação rural da Serra da Peneda: arquitectura, povoamento e construção do território." Master's thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/8156.
Full textAbstract: The Serra da Peneda is a humanized space with a vast heritage legacy where, throughout the ages, mankind left his marks in strategic points of the territory, as a sign of a collective effort to dominate a space that was considered to be untouchable. The architecture and the signs of its various actions, from housing to the territory, are the purest demonstration of the people´s efforts in the building of structures which represent to them a sentiment of belonging to the territory with an intrinsic knowledge of the cultural and traditional aspects. This dissertation addressed, on another point of view, the situation where some of the visible marks were found of the population of the Serra da Peneda, based on understanding the construction of its territory. In an effort to find a response to the identified problematical, fixed two objectives. The research tried to identify the construction processes of the territory of the Serra da Peneda and the organizational and structural systems of the rural settlements, valuing the mountains and the architectural manifestations present in the territory that was built. To reach these results, it was necessary to understand the interrelationships between the people and the environment, determining the importance of the natural and cultural factors. As a complementary tool, methodologies of collecting and analyzing data were developed, to support the study of the territory, population and housing architecture. Specific methods were defined to study the wide range of data, taking up different techniques and procedures, such as consulting documents, fieldwork, taking notes of the analyzes of the photographed areas and maps from different years. In the state of the art, realized a revision of the authors of popular architecture and territory, who contributed with a critical and argumentative approach, which lead to the conclusion that the territory is inserted in a social structure by which it is characterized, marked by the architecture that symbolizes its space. The research is divided into six parts and organized into eight chapters, among which are those related to theoretical basis, the systemization of the results of the analysis of the case studies, through the comparison of common parameters and the correlation of the interpretive base of specific indicators of the context and methodology, providing the necessary information to obtain the answers and development of the final conclusions. As a final result, the research is an important contribution to learning about the architectural heritage in a rural environment, which revealing the alterations that occurred through the correlation of the folk architecture and the built territory.
Araújo, Andrea Sofia da Cunha. "Especialização Produtiva e Crescimento Económico – Uma análise aplicada à UE 15 explorando a taxonomia de Peneder (2007)." Master's thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/82590.
Full textThis paper analysis the relationship between productive specialization andeconomic growth in the 15 older European Union member states between 1970 and 2005. The Taxonomy of Peneder (2007) is used to classify the different sectors of activityaccording to the educational levels of their workforce and establish a comparison between the manufacturing and the services sector according to their potential contribution to productivity improvements. The comparison of per capita output levels and productive specialization in the different countries of the EU-15 shows that their real GDP per capita increased during the period under analysis and that the differences in real income per capita decreased or remained the same. The results from applying panel data techniques to estimate a growth regression to analyse the relationship between productive structureand economic growth for the EU 15 countries show that when countries productive specialization is based on manufacturing activities that use mostly low skilled labour theyrecord lower growth rates. According to the Taxonomy of Peneder, the results obtained support the prediction that manufacturing and services activities in the Very Low category present a negative correlation with the average GDP per capita growth rate and that, onthe other hand, the High category presents a positive correlation. It should be high lighted that these subcategories include activities with very low and highly educated human capital, respectively.
Neste trabalho de projeto é analisada a influência da especialização produtiva nocrescimento económico na União Europeia a 15, para o horizonte temporal de 1970 a2005. É explorada a taxonomia de Peneder (2007), de modo a classificar os diferentessetores de atividade em termos das características educacionais da força de trabalhoutilizada e a estabelecer uma comparação entre o setor industrial e o setor dos serviçosem termos da sua contribuição para aumentos de produtividade. São analisados o produtoe a especialização produtiva dos diferentes países da UE-15 comparativamente à média,verificando-se que os países viram o seu PIB real per capita aumentar no períodoestudado e que a diferença do rendimento real per capita diminuiu ou manteve-se.Seguidamente foi analisada empiricamente a relação entre a estrutura produtiva e ocrescimento económico para os países da UE 15 estimando uma regressão de crescimentocom dados em painel. Os resultados mostram que quando os países apresentam umaespecialização produtiva mais assente na indústria transformadora, apoiada em mão deobra pouca qualificada, os países tendem a apresentar taxas de crescimento inferiores. Deacordo com a Taxonomia de Peneder verificamos que relativamente à indústria e aosserviços, a categoria Very Low tem correlação negativa com a taxa média de crescimentodo PIB e que, por outro lado, a categoria High tem correlação positiva. Note-se que estassubcategorias englobam atividades com capital humano pouco e muito instruído,respetivamente
Ferreira, Joana Moreira da Costa. "Acessibilidade no Turismo Ativo: Análise Exploratória do Parque Nacional da Peneda - Gerês." Master's thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/30809.
Full textO turismo é um segmento do sector económico que se encontra em constante desenvolvimento devido à diversificada oferta que tem e também devido às exigências que cada tipo de turista apresenta, as quais devem ser satisfeitas da melhor maneira possível. Com o passar dos anos, a procura turística tem vindo a aumentar e o sector turístico correspondeu com uma oferta à altura da procura, sendo esta diversificada e acessível à maioria dos turistas. A acessibilidade no turismo é outro dos fatores que faz com que este segmento esteja sempre em constante alteração. O turismo ativo é um grande exemplo da falta de acessibilidades, mas é também um exemplo de mudança, porque é dos segmentos do turismo que pretende integrar iniciativas acessíveis no seu programa de atividades e o sucesso tem sido notório. Portugal não quer ser exceção ao resto do mundo, que se têm adaptado cada vez mais e melhor às dificuldades de muitos cidadãos que também merecem ter parte ativa no turismo, e, por isso, as acessibilidades começam a transparecer em toda a oferta do país. O Parque Nacional da Peneda-Gerês é uma das áreas em Portugal onde se pratica os mais variados tipos de turismo, mas onde a acessibilidade ainda não está presente ao nivek doq eu seria esperado, muito devido ao terreno do parque, e também devido à dificuldade em manter os instrumentos necessários para a acessibilidade ser possível. O turismo ativo é uma parte importante na divulgação do parque e realizar atividades acessíveis só vai fazer que com este ganhe ainda mais prestígio. Uma vez que esta área classificada recebe cada vez mais turistas, importa, também, diversificar a oferta de modo a que o número de turistas que visita o parque continue a aumentar. Tourism is an economic sector segment, which is constantly evolving due to the diversified offer it has and because of the demands that each type of tourist requires, which tourism sectors have to fulfill in the best way possible. Over the years, the tourist demand is increasing and the tourism sector has to provide a supply match demand, which is diverse and accessible to most tourists. The accessibility in tourism is one of the factors that make this segment a developing one and it makes this development continuous, mainly because it´s an obstacle to the infrastructures already built. Active tourism is a major example of the lack of accessibility but it´s also an example of the development made to change this reality. Active tourism has been one of the tourism sectors that added accessible activities into their own program of activities and success has been notorious. Portugal does not want to be the exception to the rest of the world, which has been adapting more and better to the difficulties of many citizens who also deserve to have an active part in tourism, and, therefore, accessibilities begin to transpire throughout the supply of the country. The Peneda - Gerês National Park is one of the areas in Portugal where all kinds of tourism are practiced, but where accessibility is not much present yet, due to the terrain of the park, and also because of the difficulty in maintaining the necessary instruments to make accessibility possible. The Active Tourism is an important part in spreading the park and make accessible activities will only do that and with this win even more prestige. Once this classified area receives more and more tourists, it is also important to diversify the supply so that the number of tourists who visit the park will continue to increase.