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Journal articles on the topic 'Penetration test'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 15 June 2025

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1

Mohammadjavad, Mohajeri, Femke Sickler, van Cees, and Dingena Schott. "A consolidation-penetration test for wedge-shaped penetration tools." FME Transaction 46, no. 3 (2018): 392–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/fmet1803392m.

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2

Stewart, Mark G., Brianna Dorrough, and Michael D. Netherton. "Field testing and probabilistic assessment of ballistic penetration of steel plates for small calibre military ammunition." International Journal of Protective Structures 10, no. 4 (2018): 421–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2041419618802593.

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The penetration of projectiles into semi-infinite targets helps in the understanding and modelling of terminal ballistics. The article describes field test results of 5.56×45 mm F1 Ball and 7.62×51 mm M80 Ball ammunition. The targets were 25-mm-thick mild and high strength steel plates of Grade 250 MPa and 350 MPa, respectively. The tests recorded penetration depth, muzzle and impact velocities, and bullet mass. Despite its smaller calibre, the 5.56 mm × 45 mm F1 Ball ammunition recorded deeper penetrations than the larger calibre 7.62 mm × 51 mm M80 Ball ammunition. This is due to the 5.56 mm ammunition comprising a hardened steel penetrator and lead core, whereas the 7.62 mm ammunition comprised only a lead core. Multiple shots were fired for each type of munition. The coefficient of variation of steel penetration is approximately 0.10 and 0.03 for 5.56 mm and 7.62 mm rounds, respectively. The article also presents predictive models of steel penetration depth and compares these to the field test results.

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3

Zhao, Mao Cai, Shi Xian Gao, Da Wei Shi, and Qi Shu Huang. "The Research on Tests for Detecting Strength of Shallow Asphalt Pavement under Ice Frozen." Advanced Engineering Forum 5 (July 2012): 293–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/aef.5.293.

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The thesis utilizes the Penetrating Strength Detector of Shallow Pavement to conduct impacting penetration experiment, uniaxial compression test and diametral compression test to asphalt mixture of different void ratios and cycles of freezing and thawing, and then we’ve obtained the relationship between average penetration depth and compressive strength as well as tensile splitting strength of mixture, moreover, the initial reference standard of the Penetrating Strength Detector of Shallow Pavement is established. Afterwards, the thesis conducts impacting penetration test to the asphalt pavement cores from Chongzun freeway in Guizhou Province suffering from ice frozen damage. The effectiveness of the Penetrating Strength Detector of Shallow Pavement has been proved.

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4

Zhou, Bohan, Wenli Zhang, Dong Wang, and Dengfeng Fu. "Estimation of Effective Internal Friction Angle by Ball Penetration Test: Large-Deformation Analyses." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 12, no. 2 (2024): 230. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse12020230.

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The ball penetrometer is a full-flow penetrometer used as an alternative to the traditional cone penetrometer for characterizing the strength of soft sediments, particularly for offshore engineering, due to its large projection area. However, if the ball is penetrated under partially drained conditions, the resistance of the ball changes with the penetration velocity. The performance of ball penetration is examined employing a coupled large-deformation finite-element method. The reliability of numerical simulations under undrained and partially drained penetrations is verified by comparing with previous tests in the chamber and centrifuge. The backbone curve determining the penetration resistance on the spherical probe is proposed to quantify the influence of partially drained conditions, which captures the effect of the ratio of the diameters of the shaft and ball. Base on the backbone curve derived, an interpretation approach is proposed to predict the effective internal friction angle using the net resistance measured in the ball penetration tests with different penetration velocities.

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5

Collado Camps, Estel, Sanne A. M. van Lith, Cathelijne Frielink, et al. "CPPs to the Test: Effects on Binding, Uptake and Biodistribution of a Tumor Targeting Nanobody." Pharmaceuticals 14, no. 7 (2021): 602. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph14070602.

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Nanobodies are well-established targeting ligands for molecular imaging and therapy. Their short circulation time enables early imaging and reduces systemic radiation exposure. However, shorter circulation time leads to lower tracer accumulation in the target tissue. Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) improve cellular uptake of various cargoes, including nanobodies. CPPs could enhance tissue retention without compromising rapid clearance. However, systematic investigations on how the functionalities of nanobody and CPP combine with each other at the level of 2D and 3D cell cultures and in vivo are lacking. Here, we demonstrate that conjugates of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-binding nanobody 7D12 with different CPPs (nonaarginine, penetratin, Tat and hLF) differ with respect to cell binding and induction of endocytosis. For nonaarginine and penetratin we compared the competition of EGF binding and performance of L- and D-peptide stereoisomers, and tested the D-peptide conjugates in tumor cell spheroids and in vivo. The D-peptide conjugates showed better penetration into spheroids than the unconjugated 7D12. Both in vivo and in vitro, the behavior of the agent reflects the combination of both functionalities. Although CPPs cause promising increases in in vitro uptake and 3D penetration, the dominant effect of the CPP in the control of biodistribution warrants further investigation.

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6

Ye, Zhoujing, Wenjuan Ren, Hailu Yang, Yinghao Miao, Fengyan Sun, and Linbing Wang. "An Improved Asphalt Penetration Test Method." Materials 14, no. 1 (2020): 147. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14010147.

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A traditional penetration test only measures the total penetration within 5 s. The penetration process is not monitored, and therefore, a large amount of information on the deformation properties of asphalt is not used. This paper documents a study to use a high-speed camera to quantify the entire penetration process and use the Finite Element Method (FEM) to interpret the penetration process using a viscoelastic model. The penetration–time relationships of several asphalt binders (70#, 90#, a rubber modified binder, and a styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) modified binder) have been acquired using the new method, and the FEM modeling of the penetration processes is performed. The results show that both stress relaxation and creep appear during the penetration process. The results indicate that the improved test method and its data interpretation procedure may better characterize the properties of asphalt binder, which may extend the applications of the traditional penetration test.

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7

Suryanegara Dwipa, R. S., I. W. Arya, I. W. Wiraga, and I. M. W. Pramana. "Evaluation of liquefaction potential using cone penetration test (CPT) and standard penetration test (SPT)." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1450 (February 2020): 012016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1450/1/012016.

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8

Zhang, G., P. K. Robertson, and R. W. I. Brachman. "Estimating Liquefaction-Induced Lateral Displacements Using the Standard Penetration Test or Cone Penetration Test." Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering 130, no. 8 (2004): 861–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)1090-0241(2004)130:8(861).

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9

Decourt, L., T. Muromachi, I. K. Nixon, J. H. Schmertmann, S. Thorburn, and E. Zolkov. "Standard penetration test (SPT): International reference test procedure." International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts 27, no. 2 (1990): A93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0148-9062(90)95092-f.

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10

De Beer, E. E., E. Goelen, W. J. Heynen, and K. Joustra. "Cone penetration test (CPT): international reference test procedure." International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts 27, no. 2 (1990): A93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0148-9062(90)95093-g.

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11

Yusa, M., A. Koyama, K. Yamamoto, S. Sutikno, A. Muhammad, and N. Qomar. "Penetration Resistance of Bengkalis’ Peat From Hand Cone Penetration Test." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1655 (October 2020): 012120. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1655/1/012120.

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12

Lee, Sang Won, Young Shin Lee, Jae Hoon Kim, Yong Woon Bae, and Jong Min Park. "A Study on Penetration Characteristics Test and Analysis of Tungsten Penetrator." Advanced Materials Research 871 (December 2013): 83–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.871.83.

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In this paper, the penetration characteristic of tungsten penetrator was studied. Tungsten and aluminum was used as the material of the penetrator and target, respectively. Dimensions of the aluminum target were 100 X 100 X 5 (mm3). The penetrator with cylinder conical tip and flat tip was used in the impact test and simulation. The range of the initial velocity was from 400 to 1600 m/s. The angle of the incidence on the penetrator with cylinder cone tip was 0 ̊. The angle of the incidence on the penetrator with flat tip was 0 ̊, 30 ̊ , 60 ̊ . To obtain results of the simulation, AUTODYN 3D code was used. The residual mass and velocity was obtained to compare with results between the impact test and simulation.

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13

Tarawneh, Bashar. "Predicting standard penetration test N-value from cone penetration test data using artificial neural networks." Geoscience Frontiers 8, no. 1 (2017): 199–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gsf.2016.02.003.

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14

Daniel, Chris R., John A. Howie, and Alex Sy. "A method for correlating large penetration test (LPT) to standard penetration test (SPT) blow counts." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 40, no. 1 (2003): 66–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t02-094.

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The standard penetration test (SPT) split-spoon sampler is too small for investigations in gravelly soils. For this reason, several researchers have developed scaled-up versions of the SPT, commonly referred to as "large penetration tests" (LPT), and attempted to correlate the measured blow counts to SPT blow counts. Several LPTs have been in use worldwide; each with different drill rods, sampler dimensions, and hammer energies; hence existing published LPTSPT correlations differ for each system. This paper summarizes the LPT data in the literature and presents a fundamental method for predicting LPTSPT correlations. The proposed method is based on wave equation analyses of SPT and LPT and considers variations in test equipment, penetration resistance, and energy. It is shown that the method provides a unified approach for assimilating the various published LPTSPT correlations. Additional SPT and LPT data were collected at a sand research site to check the proposed method and to expand the LPT database. The observed and predicted correlation factors are shown to be in good agreement. The proposed correlation method will be useful as a logical framework for the comparison of LPT data collected throughout the world. Additional research will be required to extend this procedure to gravel sites.Key words: large penetration test, LPT, fundamental correlation method, wave equation analysis, grain size effects.

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15

Al Bodour, W., B. Tarawneh, and Y. Murad. "A Model to Predict the Standard Penetration Test N60 Value from Cone Penetration Test Data." Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering 59, no. 5 (2022): 437–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11204-022-09834-3.

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16

Liu, Li Shuang. "High Overload Penetration Test and Analysis of the Multi-Layer Steel Target." Advanced Materials Research 295-297 (July 2011): 1178–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.295-297.1178.

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High-g accelerometer and storage test system is designed for the measurement of multi-layer steel targets penetration. The penetration test of the double layer steel target is performed, and the verload acceleration is obtained when the projectile penetrates the steel target. According to the overload data, the effective overload accelerations are concluded. The effective overload accelerations gained when projectile penetrates the double steel targes are 81078g and 152061g respectively. Also from the calculation, it can be concluded that the test errors are all less than 10%, which can meet the requirement of penetrating multi-layer steel targets.

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17

Takakura, Nobuari, and Hiroyoshi Yajima. "A Placebo Acupuncture Needle with Potential for Double Blinding – a Validation Study." Acupuncture in Medicine 26, no. 4 (2008): 224–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/aim.26.4.224.

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Background The double blind, non-penetrating placebo needle is effective in masking patients who are not informed that they may receive a placebo needle. In this study, we aimed to examine whether such needles are effective in masking subjects who have been so informed. Methods One hundred and fourteen informed, consenting, healthy volunteers were recruited. An experienced acupuncturist applied one of the following needle pairs – penetrating/non-penetrating, non-penetrating/non-penetrating, penetrating/penetrating – randomly at bilateral TE5 points in subjects who were informed that they would receive either a non-penetrating or a penetrating needle. After the application of a pair of needles, the subjects reported for each arm on whether they identified the needle as non-penetrating or penetrating. The patients also rated skin penetration/penetration-like pain and the deep dull pain ( de qi) associated with the needle application on a visual analogue scale (VAS). The chi squared goodness of fit test was used to determine the probability of the number of correctly and incorrectly identified needles. Statistical comparisons for VAS scores for skin penetration pain and de qi were made using Mann-Whitney's U test. Results Of the 114 non-penetrating needle applications, the subjects identified 64 incorrectly and 50 correctly, fitting a probability of 0.5 (χ2=1.72, P=0.19). Most interestingly, the subjects identified 36 (32%) of 114 penetrating needle applications incorrectly. Skin penetration/penetration-like pain and de qi scores did not differ significantly (P=0.87 and P=0.17, respectively) between the 114 non-penetrating and 114 penetrating needles. Conclusions The non-penetrating placebo needle was effective in masking fully informed subjects. When used together with the matched penetrating needle, it has potential for use in double blind (patient and practitioner blind) studies.

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18

Fachri, Fahmi, Abdul Fadlil, and Imam Riadi. "Analisis Keamanan Webserver menggunakan Penetration Test." Jurnal Informatika 8, no. 2 (2021): 183–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.31294/ji.v8i2.10854.

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Keamanan adalah faktor penting yang harus diperhatikan dalam membangun sebuah web server. Pengujian Penetrasi didefinisikan sebagai upaya legal dan resmi untuk mengekploitasi sistem komputer dengan tujuan mencari kerentanan pada web server serta meningkatkan keamanan sistem. Pengujian penetrasi ini dilakukan pada web server yang merupakan Sistem Informasi Akademik pada perguruan tinggi. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini mencakup Information Gathering, Vullnerability Assessmant, gaining acces, maintaining acces, Clearing Track. Hasil penelitian menampilkan bahwa terdapat empat kelemahan pada web server yaitu level high, empat kelemahan level medium, dan dua kerentanan dengan level low. Ditemukannya beberapa port yang masih terbuka dalam web server yang menyebabkan peretas dengan mudah masuk kedalam sistem untuk mengekploitasi informasi yang terdapat dalam Sistem Informasi Akademik. Hasil ujicoba simulasi serangan terhadap sistem berhasil masuk dengan mendapatkan username dan password

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19

Thorburn, S. "Field Testing: The Standard Penetration Test." Geological Society, London, Engineering Geology Special Publications 2, no. 1 (1986): 21–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/gsl.1986.002.01.07.

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AbstractThis introductory lecture discusses the international use of the standard penetration test (SPT) and presents the proposals for International Reference Test Procedures. The application of the SPT as a means of assessing the strength and stiffness of weak rocks is mentioned together with the reliance upon the test at the present time for estimating the liquefaction potential of saturated fine grained non-cohesive soils. The various aspects of the execution of the SPT are discussed which can provide variable and unrepresentative values of resistance (N values).The principle of measuring energy losses and making adjustments to the N values is introduced as a basis for ensuring comparability of test results.Reference is made to the general descriptions of the SPT given in BS 5930:1981 and to the lack of clear guidance in this British Standard.

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20

Oberhollenzer, Simon, Michael Premstaller, Roman Marte, Franz Tschuchnigg, Georg H. Erharter, and Thomas Marcher. "Cone penetration test dataset Premstaller Geotechnik." Data in Brief 34 (February 2021): 106618. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2020.106618.

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21

Dhaniyala, Suresh, and Benajamin Liu. "Investigations of Particle Penetration in Fibrous Filters: Part I. Experimental." Journal of the IEST 42, no. 1 (1999): 32–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.17764/jiet.42.1.k71lm163x574w701.

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This article is the first of a two-part series. The second article titled "Investigations of Particle Penetration in Fibrous Filters, Part II. Theoretical" will appear in the upcoming March/April 1998 issue of the Journal of the IEST. The performance of high-efficiency filters is evaluated using a semiautomated test system. This system is used for accurate measurements of submicron particle penetrations and pressure drops of filters. The system is designed to minimize errors and uncertainties associated with filter testing procedures. New commercial filter media, rated from ASHRAE-grade to ULPA, are tested using this system. The particle penetration characteristics of these media are obtained at different face velocities, ranging from 2 to 20 cm/s (0.79 to 7.9 in/s), and the particle diameter is varied from 0.05 to 0.05μm. The efficiencies of these media range from 15 percent to 99.9999 percent. The particle penetration characteristics of the media are consistent with the theories of collection by diffusion and interception in the range of operating conditions studies. The presence of the most penetrating particle size is observed, varying from 0.1 to 0.3μm for the different media. The most penetrating particle size is shown to shift toward the smaller particle size for increasing face velocity.

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22

Song, Mei Li, Xiao Ming Wang, and Wen Bin Li. "Study on the Dimensionless Model of High-Speed Penetration Efficiency." Applied Mechanics and Materials 789-790 (September 2015): 362–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.789-790.362.

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Penetration efficiency reflects high speed projectile penetration ability with the impact velocity (>800m/s) variation. To further study the penetration efficiency engineering model, the physical and mechanical parameters that affect the penetration efficiency of high-speed projectiles penetrating into concrete target are analyzed, penetration efficiency dimensionless quantities are determined, such as projectile’s length to diameter ratio, projectile and target strength ratio, etc. The dimensionless equation of penetration efficiency is got by using the homogeneous principles of the laws of physics dimensionless. According to experimental data, a function of dimensionless penetration efficiency and dimensionless projectile speed is fitted. Finally, the model is verified by test, and the model calculations and experiment results agree well. The model obtained in this paper can estimate the projectile’s impact velocity when the penetration efficiency reaches the maximum, it would be a theoretical guidance for high speed penetration effects experiments.

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23

Ma, Ruqi, Rulin Ma, Kang Sun, Ma Chao, and Shuiqing Jiang. "Design and Verification of a Penetration System Used for Constructing the Sampling Channel." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2403, no. 1 (2022): 012006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2403/1/012006.

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Abstract Based on the analysis of the water ice sampling system design at the lunar permanent shadow region(PSR), a rapid sampling channel construction method based on kinetic energy penetration was proposed, and an engineering prototype of the penetrator system based on the conversion of chemical energy and kinetic energy was developed, which can solve the problem that the subsurface lunar water ice is too difficult to sample quickly due to its significantly enhanced mechanical properties. Based on the mechanical properties boundary of lunar soil water ice, the performance of the engineering prototype was tested and verified. The test results show that the penetrating system developed in this paper can achieve rapid penetration into the lunar soil with uniaxial compressive strength of about 30MPa without consuming power consumption; the penetrating depth can reach 234mm, and the penetrating time is less than 1s. The penetrating system can rapidly construct sampling channels, which can effectively solve the problem of the high-hardness water ice samples located at the subsurface layer of the lunar soil that can be efficiently exposed faced by in-situ water ice sampling in the permanent shadow region.

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24

Zhang, Jiahao, Hongwei Zhao, Sheng Zhou, and Qingbo Yu. "Numerical modeling and verification of reactive projectile impacting plate." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2478, no. 3 (2023): 032103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2478/3/032103.

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Abstract The penetration of reactive projectile into target is an extremely complex thermomechanical coupling process, and most of the researches reveal this coupling mechanism by means of experiments. In this paper, based on the finite element simulation software ANSYS/LS-DYNA, using IGNITION_ANG_GROWTH state equation and Null constitutive model, the process of reactive projectile penetrating target is numerically modeled, and the numerical simulation model is verified by ballistic impact test. The test results are in good agreement with the simulation results. Further, according to this numerical simulation model, the ballistic limit of reactive projectile penetrating target is studied. The results show that the IGNITION_ANG_GROWTH state equation and Null Constitutive model can be used to calculate the mechanical and chemical coupling responses of the reactive projectile in the process of penetration plate effectively based on the SPH algorithm. This provides a new method to study the reactive projectile penetration-explosion coupling process.

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25

Chen, Jun, and Xiao Jun Ye. "Numerical Simulation of the Kinetic Energy Projectile Oblique Penetration into the Concrete." Advanced Materials Research 989-994 (July 2014): 982–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.989-994.982.

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ANSYS-LS/DYNA 3D finite element software projectile penetrating concrete target three-dimensional numerical simulation , has been the target characteristics and destroy ballistic missile trajectory , velocity and acceleration and analyze penetration and the time between relationship , compared with the test results , the phenomenon is consistent with the simulation results. The results show that : the destruction process finite element software can better demonstrate concrete tests revealed the phenomenon can not be observed , estimated penetration depth and direction of the oblique penetration missile deflection .

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26

Wang, Shimin, Ziqiang Ren, Hang Zhou, and Jiawang Chen. "Model prediction controller for penetration mechanism of seabed cone penetration test system." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2591, no. 1 (2023): 012027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2591/1/012027.

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Abstract The system of seabed Cone Penetration Test (CPT) is a kind of equipment for offshore investigations. Seabed CPT is used to assess multiple physical properties of marine sediments. Constant-rate penetration mechanism is the core part of seabed CPT, which adopts dual-cylinder drive to penetrate the probe rod into the seafloor sediments at a constant speed (2cm/s). At present, the domestic CPT and its penetration equipment almost all rely on imports. In the process of system design, we found that the traditional PID control of the hydraulic cylinder position control accuracy is low, so we need to study higher precision position tracking control method to achieve uniform penetration of the probe rod. In this paper, a Linear Time-Varying Model Predictive Controller (LTV-MPC) is introduced, which can control two hydraulic cylinders to penetrate probe rod into the seabed sediment with smaller penetration rate error under the condition of changing penetration resistance.

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27

Prakash, Mr R. Jeya, and Ms R. Nirmala. "An Experimental Study on Rapid Chloride Penetration Test of Self Compacting Concrete." International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development Volume-3, Issue-3 (2019): 272–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.31142/ijtsrd21650.

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28

Robertson, P. K. "Soil classification using the cone penetration test." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 27, no. 1 (1990): 151–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t90-014.

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Several charts exist for evaluating soil type from electric cone penetration test (CPT) data. A new system is proposed based on normalized CPT data. The new charts are based on extensive data available from published and unpublished experience worldwide. The new charts are evaluated using data from a 300 m deep borehole with wire-line CPT. Good agreement was obtained between samples and the CPT data using the new normalized charts. Recommendations are provided concerning the location at which to measure pore pressures during cone penetration. Key words: soil classification, cone penetration test, in situ, case history.

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29

Zou, Minming, Min Guo, and Xianghai Ye. "Penetrating Power of High-Density Tungsten Fiber/Zr-Based Metallic Glass Matrix Composite." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2022 (March 4, 2022): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/8087525.

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Tungsten-fiber/Zr-based metallic glass (Zr41.25Ti13.75Cu12.5Ni10Be22.5) matrix composite (hereinafter referred to as WF/Zr-MG composite) is considered a potential new generation of projectile material, while the density of WF/Zr-MG composite is usually around 16.5 g/cm3 and it is difficult to exceed 17.0 g/cm3. To understand the penetration performance of the composite material, a penetration test was performed on high-density WF/Zr-MG composite with a density of 17.1 g/cm3. The penetration depth, the diameter of the crater, morphology, and microstructure have been studied in a residual high-density WF/Zr-MG composite penetrator. A total of 8 penetration tests were performed by firing the projectiles into 603 steel targets based on the 30 mm ballistic gun, which included five high-density WF/Zr-MG composite projectiles and three 93W projectiles. Then, the target was cut through the crater using a wire cutting machine into a sample with 80 mm × 40 mm × 20 mm, which was polished by different types of sandpaper. The microstructures were characterized and analyzed by SEM and TEM technology. According to this study, high-density WF/Zr-MG composite penetrators perforated the target with a thickness of 69.7 mm on average, which is about 19.8% better than 93W alloy (58.2 mm) when the impact velocity is 1400 ± 20 m/s. Meanwhile, the high-density WF/Zr-MG composites exhibited “self-sharpening” behavior in the penetration process. Moreover, the higher penetrating power of high-density WF/Zr-MG composite is attributed to its higher dynamic compressive strength and “self⁃sharpening” behavior during penetration.

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30

OKUBO, Seisuke, Yuichi NISHIMATSU, Masao AKIYAMA, and Tetsu TATSUMI. "Study on Impact Penetration Test of Rock." Shigen-to-Sozai 108, no. 2 (1992): 134–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2473/shigentosozai.108.134.

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31

Abu-Farsakh, Murad Y., Zhongjie Zhang, Mehmet Tumay, and Mark Morvant. "Computerized Cone Penetration Test for Soil Classification." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2053, no. 1 (2008): 47–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2053-07.

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Computerized MS-Windows Visual Basic software of a cone penetration test (CPT) for soil classification was developed as part of an extensive effort to facilitate the implementation of CPT technology in many geotechnical engineering applications. Five CPT soil engineering classification systems were implemented as a handy, user-friendly, software tool for geotechnical engineers. In the probabilistic region estimation and fuzzy classification methods, a conformal transformation is first applied to determine the profile of soil classification index (U) with depth from cone tip resistance (qc) and friction ratio (Rf). A statistical correlation was established in the probabilistic region estimation method between the U index and the compositional soil type given by the Unified Soil Classification System. Conversely, the CPT fuzzy classification emphasizes the certainty of soil behavior. The Schmertmann and Douglas and Olsen methods provide soil classification charts based on cone tip resistance and friction ratio. However, Robertson et al. proposed a three-dimensional classification system that is presented in two charts: one chart uses corrected tip resistance (qt) and friction ratio (Rf); the other chart uses qt and pore pressure parameter (Bq) as input data. Five sites in Louisiana were selected for this study. For each site, CPT tests and the corresponding soil boring results were correlated. The soil classification results obtained using the five different CPT soil classification methods were compared.

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32

Nickel, Chris, Zhongjie Zhang, and Ching Tsai. "Cone Penetration Test Sounding and Pile Driving." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2186, no. 1 (2010): 57–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2186-07.

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Ala', N. A., N. A. Masarweh, and Jaafer Al Saraireh. "Threat led advanced persistent threat penetration test." International Journal of Security and Networks 17, no. 3 (2022): 203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijsn.2022.125517.

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Shibue, Tadashi, Eiji Nakayama, Tadashi Natsumura, Takaaki Tanaka, and Toshio Asano. "Numerical Simulations of an Impact Penetration Test." Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Japan 1991, no. 170 (1991): 539–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2534/jjasnaoe1968.1991.170_539.

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Stiawan, Deris, Mohd Yazid Idris, Abdul Hanan Abdullah, Fahad Aljaber, and Rahmat Budiarto. "Cyber-Attack Penetration Test and Vulnerability Analysis." International Journal of Online Engineering (iJOE) 13, no. 01 (2017): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijoe.v13i01.6407.

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<p class="Abstract">Hacking attempts or cyber-attacks to information systems have recently evolved to be sophisticated and deadly, resulting in such incidents as leakage of personal information and system destruction. While various security solutions to cope with these risks are being developed and deployed, it is still necessary to systematically consider the methods to enhance the existing security system and build more effective defense systems. Under this circumstance, it is necessary to identify the latest types of attacks attempted to the primary security system.<span lang="IN"> This paper analyzes cyber attack techniques as well as the anatomy of penetration test in order to assist security officers to perform appropriate self security assesment on their network systems. </span></p>

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POURNAGHIAZAR, M., A. R. RUSSELL, and N. KHALILI. "The cone penetration test in unsaturated sands." Géotechnique 63, no. 14 (2013): 1209–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/geot.12.p.083.

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Clarke, G. N. "A simplified quantitative cervical mucus penetration test." Human Reproduction 12, no. 6 (1997): 1184–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/humrep/12.6.1184.

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Tokimatsu, Kohji, and Kohji Nakamura. "A Liquefaction Test without Membrane Penetration Effects." Soils and Foundations 26, no. 4 (1986): 127–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3208/sandf1972.26.4_127.

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Dung, N. T., and Sung-Gyo Chung. "Standard Penetration Test Performance in Sandy Deposits." Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society 29, no. 10 (2013): 39–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.7843/kgs.2013.29.10.39.

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Mehta, PK, NJ Carino, and RC Tank. "Statistical Characteristics of New Pin Penetration Test." Cement, Concrete and Aggregates 11, no. 2 (1989): 100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/cca10110j.

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Masarweh, Ala', and Jaafer Al Saraireh. "Threat led advanced persistent threat penetration test." International Journal of Security and Networks 17, no. 3 (2022): 203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijsn.2022.10050431.

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Liyanapathirana, D. S., and R. B. Kelly. "Interpretation of the lime column penetration test." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 10 (June 1, 2010): 012088. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/10/1/012088.

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Kramer, Steven L., N. Sivaneswaran, and R. O. Davis. "Analysis of Membrane Penetration in Triaxial Test." Journal of Engineering Mechanics 116, no. 4 (1990): 773–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9399(1990)116:4(773).

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Midian, Paul. "How to ensure an effective penetration test." Information Security Technical Report 8, no. 4 (2003): 65–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1363-4127(03)00008-6.

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Baiardi, Fabrizio. "Avoiding the weaknesses of a penetration test." Computer Fraud & Security 2019, no. 4 (2019): 11–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1361-3723(19)30041-7.

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Liberatore, Domenico, Nicola Masini, Luigi Sorrentino, et al. "Static penetration test for historical masonry mortar." Construction and Building Materials 122 (September 2016): 810–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.07.097.

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Liyanapathirana, D. S., and R. B. Kelly. "Interpretation of the lime column penetration test." Computers and Geotechnics 38, no. 1 (2011): 69–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compgeo.2010.10.007.

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Wróżyńska, Magdalena. "Tailings Behavior Assessment Using Piezocone Penetration Test." Minerals 14, no. 2 (2024): 208. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min14020208.

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Intensive economic development is associated with an increasing demand for raw materials, including minerals. An illustrative example of this issue is the development of the copper industry. A significant problem arising from the scale of copper production is the management of an ever-growing amount of post-flotation tailings. This necessitates the need to ensure the continuity of safe storage. This study presents the results of studies on the behavior of deposits in the Żelazny Most Tailings Storage Facility (Poland). The primary objective of this study was to estimate the settlements of tailings under variable deposition conditions. The results were assessed using two methods: indirect and direct; this was based on cone penetration test (CPTU) results. The results were verified using Modified Cam Clay (MCC) modeling. Depending on the type of test, settlements ranged from several dozen centimeters to over three meters. Despite the observed differences, the results of both CPTU methods indicate a convergent trend in tailings behavior. Conversely, the results estimated using the direct method and numerical modeling demonstrate a high level of agreement.

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Ladanyi, Branko. "Borehole penetration and expansion devices for ice testing." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 23, no. 1 (1996): 157–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l96-016.

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The paper presents two methods for in situ testing of strength and creep properties of ice, together with their theoretical interpretation and typical results. The two methods which are relatively new in this area of application, are the stress-controlled cone penetration test (CPT), and the sharp cone test (SCT). The CPT has been shown in the last few years to be an excellent tool for both ice quality profiling and ice creep and strength properties determination. The test can be used for penetrating vertically through an ice sheet, or laterally into an ice wall in a trench. The SCT is a special kind of borehole-expansion test. The method consists in pushing a smooth, low-angle, conical indentor into a predrilled conical portion of a borehole, which ends with a smaller diameter pilot hole. The creep properties of ice are then deduced from the relationship between the applied load, time, and cone penetration, which is directly related to the hole expansion. Key words: ice, creep, strength, in situ testing, cone penetration, borehole expansion, sharp cone.

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Cai, Yang. "Research on Shear Strength for Asphalt Mixture by the Uniaxle Penetration Test Method." Applied Mechanics and Materials 97-98 (September 2011): 220–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.97-98.220.

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With uniaxle penetration test method and Triaxial Shear method test, the shear strengths for asphalt mixture were analyzed. It turns out that the result of triaxial shear test is a little conservative than that of uniaxle penetration test. Then reasonable structure factor for shear strength should be considered by uniaxle penetration test. Uniaxle penetration tests at different temperatures revealed there were a linear correlation between shear strength and temperature.The asphalt was not the main fator of shear strength at high temperature.

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