Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Peng ren'

Exercise is a prevailing topic in modern society as more people are pursuing a healthy lifestyle. Physical activities provide unimaginable benefits to human well-being from the inside out. 2D human pose estimation, action recognition and repetitive counting fields developed rapidly in the past several years. However, few works combined them together as a whole system to assist people in evaluating body poses, recognizing exercises and counting repetitive actions. The existing methods estimate pose positions first, and utilize human joints locations in the other two tasks. In this thesis, we propose a multitask system covering the three domains. Different from the methodology used in the literature, heatmaps which are the byproducts of 2D human pose estimation models are adopted for exercise recognition and counting. Recent heatmap processing methods are proven effective in extracting dynamic body pose information. Inspired by this, we propose a new deep-learning multitask model of exercise recognition & repetition counting, and apply these approaches to the multitask for the first time. To meet the needs of the multitask model, we create a new dataset Rep-Penn with action, counting and speed labels. A two-stage training strategy is applied in the training process. Our multitask system can estimate human pose, identify physical activities and count repeated motions. We achieved 95.69% accuracy in exercise recognition on Rep-Penn dataset. The multitask model also performed well in repetitive counting with 0.004 Mean Average Error (MAE) and 0.997 Off-By-One (OBO) accuracy on Rep-Penn dataset. Compared with existing frameworks, our method obtained state-of-the-art results.

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Bachelors
Arts and Humanities
Humanities

It has been shown that representing data with the right visualization increases the understanding of qualitative and quantitative information encoded in documents. However, current tools for generating such visualizations involve the use of traditional WIMP techniques, which perhaps makes free interaction and direct manipulation of the content harder. In this thesis, we present a pen-based prototype for data visualization using 10 different types of bar based charts. The prototype lets users sketch a chart and interact with the information once the drawing is identified. The prototype's user interface consists of an area to sketch and touch based elements that will be displayed depending on the context and nature of the outline. Brainstorming and live presentations can benefit from the prototype due to the ability to visualize and manipulate data in real time. We also perform a short, informal user study to measure effectiveness of the tool while recognizing sketches and users acceptance while interacting with the system. Results show SketChart strengths and weaknesses and areas for improvement.
M.S.
Masters
Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
Engineering and Computer Science
Computer Science

An optimized method of extraction, an instrumental analysis method and data analysis was proposed for black writing inks based on direct infusion electrospray-mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). The sampling and analysis method is both minimally destructive and able to assess differences in inks from a reference collection of thirty ballpoint, gel, and rollerball inks. The methanol extracts of ink on paper samples were analyzed with three direct infusion (ESI-MS) methods. Each method varied scan voltage negative and positive, ESI fragmentor applied voltage (+120V, +0V, and -120V), and mobile phase additive. Direct infusion ESI-MS analysis, followed by pair-wise comparisons of the observed ion data in binary form allowed inks to be distinguished from each other. The photobleaching of the dye Basic Violet 3 (BV3) in ink-on-paper samples was examined to determine the use of degradation products as a marker of the age of the writing sample. The extent of photobleaching of BV3 was determined using several illumination sources. Pair-wise comparison of observed ion data was able to distinguish 29 of 30 ink samples using the combined three instrumental methods. Out of 435 pair-wise comparisons 429 pairs could be discriminated from each other using the combined three methods. This is a 98.6% discrimination with the combined analysis scheme.
ID: 029051039; System requirements: World Wide Web browser and PDF reader.; Mode of access: World Wide Web.; Thesis (M.S.)--University of Central Florida, 2010.; Includes bibliographical references (p. 80-82).
M.S.
Masters
Department of Chemistry
Sciences
Forensic Science

Spanish
Ph.D.
This doctoral dissertation is a paleographic transcription of a Spanish chivalric romance written by Beatriz Bernal in 1545. Cristalián de España, as the text is referred to, was printed twice in its full book form, four parts and 304 folios. It was also well-received outside of the Iberian Peninsula, and published twice in its Italian translation. This incunabulum is quite a contribution to the chivalric genre for many reasons. It is not only well-written and highly entertaining, but it is the only known Castilian romance of its kind written by a woman. This detail cannot be over-emphasized. Chivalric tales have been enjoyed for centuries and throughout many different mediums. Readers and listeners alike had been enjoying these romances years before the libros de caballerías reached the height of their popularity in Spain. Hundreds of contributions to the genre are still in print today and available in numerous translations. Given this reality, it seems highly suspect that this romance, penned by a woman, and of excellent quality, is not found on the shelves next to other texts of the genre. Cristalián, despite what scholars of the genre have erroneously posited, was not an obscure text in sixteenth-century Spain. Bookstore and print-shop inventories of its time list numerous copies of Bernal's romance in bound book form, which confirm that Cristalián was circulating for at least sixty years. The purpose of this dissertation is two-fold. In order for Cristalián to be included in conversations of any nature, it must be made available. This transcription of Book I and II seeks to accomplish that. Secondly, current scholarship must re-imagine erroneous constructions of sixteenth-century reader's preferences. These prevalent constructions have often excluded noteworthy contributions to literature, especially those written by women. My aim is to redress this imbalance by analyzing Beatriz Bernal's written text and her writing strategies. The first three sections of the accompanying study more thoroughly address the challenges facing women writers in sixteenth-century Spain while also considering issues of literacy, reader preferences, and text distribution of the period. The last sections of the study are devoted specifically to the chivalric genre, and to Bernal's exemplary romance, Cristalián de España. Also included in the appendix are woodcuts from both Castilian editions, the proemio from the second edition, the chapter rubrics from Book I and II, and an index of characters from the narration.
Temple University--Theses

Oral Biology
M.S.
Objectives: Because subgingival dental calculus in periodontal pockets is associated in the etiopathogenesis of progressive human periodontitis, and is difficult to accurately detect with conventional manual explorers and probing instruments, there is an urgent clinical need for more reliable diagnostic methods for the detection and localization of subgingival dental calculus. A low-power ( 40). Results: A total of 50 root surfaces exhibited a modified SCI score = 0 (no root surface dental calculus detected), whereas 19 root surfaces revealed modified SCI scores = 1 (root surface dental calculus detected in thin deposits, but not in a markedly-raised ledge), and 31 root surfaces had modified SCI scores = 2 (root surface dental calculus detected in a markedly-raised ledge). A high level of both intra- and inter-examiner reproducibility of visible red laser fluorescence intensity readings was found with both tooth root evaluation protocols, despite the marked differences between the two dentist examiners in their educational backgrounds and length of clinical dental care experience, with correlation coefficient values ranging from r = 0.948 to r = 0.999 for duplicate assessments made by the two independent examiners themselves and between them. Mean visible red laser fluorescence intensity values recorded by the two independent examiners with the instrument perpendicularly directed along tooth root surfaces (first evaluation protocol) were 98.9 (standard deviation ± 0.4) and 99.0 (standard deviation ± 0.0), respectively, on dental calculus-positive root surfaces, which were significantly greater than mean values of 10.9 (standard deviation ± 6.0) and 12.3 (standard deviation ± 8.1), respectively, recorded on dental calculus-negative root surfaces (P 40 for visible red laser fluorescence intensity values offered 90% sensitivity, 100% specificity, a 100% positive predictive value, a 90.9% negative predictive value, and an odds ratio relationship of 36.6 [95% confidence interval = 16.7, 80.2] for the presence of dental calculus on tooth root surfaces. Conclusions: These in vitro findings document, for the first time, a high level of intra- and inter-examiner reproducibility of visible red laser fluorescence intensity measurements on human tooth root surfaces, regardless of the whether the instrument is directed either perpendicular or parallel to extracted tooth root surfaces. Dental calculus- positive root surfaces on extracted teeth exhibited significantly higher visible red laser fluorescence intensity scores than dental calculus-negative root surfaces, particularly when dental calculus deposits were present in markedly-raised ledges. In addition, a threshold level of > 40 for visible red laser fluorescence intensity readings offered greater diagnostic accuracy than a threshold level of ≥ 5 for identification of dental calculus on root surfaces of extracted teeth. These findings provide further in vitro validation for use of the visible red laser fluorescence-emitting instrument for detection of dental calculus on root surfaces of human teeth. Additional validation studies, conducted clinically in vivo, on the visible red laser fluorescence-emitting instrument are warranted.
Temple University--Theses

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CAPES
The monitoring of soil thermal regime in periglacial environment is critical to identify the presence of permafrost and the thickness of the active layer. This study was conducted to identify factors that influence the soil thermal regime in Keller Peninsula, from 02/2011 to 02/2015. For such monitoring were installed air temperature sensors (Tar) and soil (Ts) and soil moisture at different depths and sites in Keller Peninsula. Preliminary analyzes of the data were based on the monthly average, annual; maximum and minimum averages and seasonal averages of Tar; Ts and soil moisture at different depths in the monitoring sites Ipanema Ref?gio II, Punta and site soil with Standard. After these analyzes identified the days of freezing, thawing, isothermal and freezing / thawing for each depth; the frequency distribution of temperature and temperature fluctuation during the period studied. The analyzes were carried out: the cross-correlation between the AAO series (Antarctic Oscillation Index), SOI (Southern Oscillation Index), Tar and Ts; linar simple regression between the annual average temperatures and the highest average maximum and annual minimum; Multiple linear regression between moisture apparent soil thermal difuvividade (DTA); N_fator the rate of freezing and its relationship with DTA and; the harmonic analysis of the AAO series, SOI, MEI (multivariate ENSO index), Tar and Ts. The highest and lowest Tar annual average in the four years and four sites studied was 1.7 ?C on site Ref?gio II and 4.8 ?C in place with Standard Solo, respectively. The period in which the soil has more time under the active layer system was Ipanema and Ref?gio II. The highest and the lowest sum of degree days of thawing and freezing were 154.6 and 263.3, respectively Ref?gio II In cross-correlation analysis the delay phase between the waves of Tar and Ts was less than one month in all sites. The correlation between the AAO x Tar Tar and SOI x occurs up to 5 months delay between the phases. Simple linear regression analysis indicated that in Ipanema and Ref?gio II, the soil thermal regime restricted the active layer. On site soil with Standard and Punta Plaza thermal regime presented reached the permafrost before the layer of 0.80 and 1.00 m deep respectively. In the frequency histograms showed predominance of temperatures around 0 ?C and the first difference graph shown that temperature variations are stronger in summer. Multiple linear regrass?o analysis showed that the moisture influence on the DTA in most cases. The freezing N_fator was inversely proportional to close DTA the surface, but when compared with the DTA in depth the relationship approaches. The harmonic analysis identified that climate variability in ways that influenced the Tar these sites between the years 2011-2014, were the AAO and SOI indices. In general, the thermal insulation provided by covering the thickest snow in places Punta Plaza and Solo with Standard allowed the permafrost were found at depths less when compared to the Ref?gio II and Ipanema sites that were less thick blanket of snow.
O monitoramento do regime t?rmico do solo em ambiente periglacial ? fundamental para identificar a presen?a do permafrost e a espessura da camada ativa. Este estudo foi realizado para identificar os fatores que influenciam no regime t?rmico do solo na Pen?nsula Keller, entre 02/2011 a 02/2015. Para tal monitoramento foram instalados sensores de temperatura do ar (Tar) e do solo (Ts) e umidade do solo em diferentes profundidades e s?tios na Pen?nsula de Keller. As an?lises preliminares dos dados foram realizadas com base nas m?dias mensais, anuais; m?dias m?ximas e m?nimas e m?dias sazonais de Tar, Ts e umidade do solo em diferentes profundidades nos s?tios de monitoramento Ipanema, Ref?gio II, Punta e s?tio Solo com Padr?o. Ap?s essas an?lises foram identificados os dias de congelamento, descongelamento, isot?rmicos e congelamento/descongelamento para cada profundidade; as frequ?ncias de distribui??o das temperaturas e oscila??o de temperatura durante o per?odo estudado. As an?lises realizadas foram: a de correla??o cruzada entre as s?ries de AAO (Antarctic Oscillation Index), SOI (Southern Oscillation Index), Tar e Ts; a regress?o linar simples entre as temperaturas m?dias anuais e a maior m?dia m?xima e m?nima anuais; a regress?o linear m?ltipla entre umidade a difuvividade t?rmica aparente do solo (DTA); o ?ndice N_fator de congelamento e sua rela??o com a DTA e; a an?lise harm?nica das s?ries AAO, SOI, MEI (multivariate ENSO index), Tar e Ts. A maior e a menor Tar m?dia anual nos quatro anos e nos quatro s?tios estudados foi de -1,7 ?C no s?tio Ref?gio II e de ?4,8 ?C no s?tio Solo com Padr?o, respectivamente. O per?odo em que o solo apresentou mais tempo sob o regime de camada ativa foi Ipanema e Ref?gio II. A maior e a menor soma de graus dias de descongelamento e congelamento foram de 154,6 e ?263,3, respectivamente em Ref?gio II. Na an?lise de correla??o cruzada o atraso de fases entre as ondas de Tar e Ts foi inferior a um m?s em todos os s?tios. A correla??o entre a AAO x Tar e SOI x Tar ocorre com at? cinco meses de atraso entre as fases. A an?lise de regress?o linear simples indicou que, em Ipanema e em Ref?gio II, o regime t?rmico do solo se restringe a camada ativa. No s?tio Solo com Padr?o e Punta Plaza o regime t?rmico apresentado alcan?ou o permafrost antes da camada de 0,80 e 1,00 m de profundidade respectivamente. Os histogramas de frequ?ncia apresentaram predomin?ncia de temperaturas em torno de 0 ?C e o gr?fico de primeira diferen?a mostrou que as varia??es da temperatura foram mais fortes no ver?o. A an?lise de regrass?o linear m?ltipla mostrou que a umidade influencia na DTA na maior parte dos casos. O N_fator de congelamento foi inversamente proporcional a DTA pr?xima a superf?cie, por?m quando o compara com a DTA em profundidade essa rela??o se aproxima. A an?lise harm?nica permitiu identificar que os modos de variabilidade clim?tica que influenciaram a Tar nesses s?tios, entre os anos de 2011 a 2014, foram os ?ndices AAO e SOI. De maneira geral, o isolamento t?rmico proporcionado por cobertura da neve mais espessa nos s?tios Punta Plaza e Solo com Padr?o, permitiu que o permafrost fosse encontrado a profundidades menores quando comparado com os s?tios Ref?gio II e Ipanema, que obtiveram cobertura da neve menos espessa.

Chemistry
Ph.D.
Poly (ε-caprolactone) block poly (ethylene glycol) (PCL-b-PEG) is typical amphiphilic block copolymer that self assembles into micelles in water where the hydrolytically stable hydrophilic PEG segment forms the exterior corona and the core contains the hydrophobic degradable PCL block. Micelles from PCL-b-PEG block copolymers are among the top candidates for application as transport and delivery systems. The efficiency for micellar transported therapeutics to reach the desired site is currently limited by processes that prematurely degrade the micelle and this issue is stimulating increased effort in evaluating how micelles respond to the conditions encountered in the digestive and circulatory systems. Drug loaded micelles introduced into the blood and digestive systems encounter a wide range of conditions, enzymes and other substances that can promote micelle precipitation, degradation and premature release of therapeutics. Furthermore, PEG-b-PCL diblock copolymer micelle stability in aqueous suspension, low drug loading content and burst drug releasing are also the critical issues in drug delivery system. One central objective for this research is to identify and utilize polymer structural features that influence the hydrolytic stability of micelles toward acid, base and enzyme catalyzed hydrolysis of the polyester cores. The strategy of by preparing a set of triblock copolymers (PEG-b-PBO-b-PCL) formed by inserting a short hydrophobic non-hydrolyzable PBO segment between the PEG and PCL blocks as an approach to increase the barrier for water to reach the sensitive interface ester at the surface of the PCL core and thus increase the micelle stability at acidic aqueous medium. However, the triblock micelle doesn't significantly reduce the rate of lipase enzyme catalyzed degradation of micelle from PCL-b-PEG-OMe. Another objective for this research is to prepare PCL-b-PEG diblock copolymer micelles that have high stability in aqueous suspensions, high drug loading content and selective reactions with lipase enzymes. The working hypothesis is that the micelles with charged groups at the terminus of PEG corona will increase the micelle dispersion stability and stabilize micelles with much larger hydrophobic cores through intermicelle electrostatic repulsions. When the micelle corona and lipase enzyme have the same charge there will be an increased barrier to reaction. The comparison of micelle dispersion stabilities micelles from HO-PCL-b-PEG-CH2CH=CH, [PCL-b-PEG-RCO2]- Na+ and [PCL-b-PEG-RSO3]-Na+ demonstrates that the micelles with ionic coronas have significantly higher suspension stability. Kinetic of lipase catalyzed degradation of micelles with corona charges shows that lipases selective reaction with corona charged micelles which could be used as design feature to selectivity for therapeutic transport and release. Modification hydrophilic-hydrophobic interface and corona charges of PCL-b-PEG diblock copolymer micelle are successful chemical strategies to increase micelle stability and control acid and lipase enzymes catalytic degradation.
Temple University--Theses

Pharmaceutical Sciences
Ph.D.
Today, drugs are an integral part of healthy human life, with new drug entities being introduced every year in clinic. The advancement of drug development brings complexity and variation, in terms of both physical and chemical properties. Some of these physicochemical characteristics are many times suboptimal, eventually requiring robust delivery systems that can precisely deliver the drugs to the desired tissues. Although many materials have been studied for the generation of drug delivery systems, there is always a need for biomaterials with better properties that can translate into superior delivery systems. In this context, new drug delivery systems that are interface-engineered at materials level for better stability and delivery efficiency in vitro and in vivo are introduced in this dissertation. In the first part of the dissertation, novel oil/water interface-engineered amphiphilic block copolymer micelles that were previously introduced by our lab were assessed for their stability in the presence of various esterase enzymes present in serum and on blood vessel walls, normally encountered by drug delivery systems on route to the targeted tissues. I also assessed the vulnerability of the polymeric micelles in presence of enzymes typically present either inside the tumor cells or secreted in the tumor microenvironment. I revealed the selective stability of empty- and docetaxel-loaded polymeric micelles to enzymatic degradation en route/in tumors and I have correlated this selective stability with polymer structure and interfacial engineering mentioned above. The unique delivery capabilities of interfacial-engineered polymeric micelles were tested in vivo using a mouse model of triple negative breast cancer. We proved that our novel engineered triblock copolymer-based drug delivery systems are superior to similar delivery systems made out of standard diblock copolymer micelles and also to the clinically used Taxotere® formulation towards cancer cell killing and tumor treatment, without displaying any significant toxicity in experimental animals. The second part of the dissertation focuses on the development and assessment of a pyridinium-based pseudo-gemini surfactant that combined the high nucleic acid packaging capacity of pyridinium lipids with the high transfection efficiency of gemini surfactants while displaying a reduced associated cytotoxic effect. I have analyzed the temperature treatment on compaction of nucleic acids into lipoplexes and I have established a high temperature annealing method for this purpose. This novel formulation technique allowed a substantial reduction of the amount of amphiphiles required to compact a specific amount of nucleic acids. This in turn also reduced the cytotoxic effect associated with the use of pyridinium amphiphiles. The effect of inclusion of colipids to lipoplex compaction, the robustness and the transfection efficiency of the lipid/nucleic acid lipoplex systems were assessed in detail, and correlations between formulation composition and biological activity were established. I was also able to show for the first time that pyridinium pseudo-gemini surfactants were able to compact different types of nucleic acids, including pDNA, mRNA and siRNA at lower charge ratios than standard, state-of-the art formulations used for this purposes. I also showed that irrespective to the nucleic acid compacted within the lipoplexes, the novel amphiphiles can efficiently deliver the cargo into the targeted cells even in the presence of very high concentration of serum, a premise for future use of these amphiphiles and formulations in vivo.
Temple University--Theses

En mobilisant l’analyse de controverses, notre enquête sociologique articule deux études de cas portant sur l’usage de la concertation dans le cadre du suivi environnemental des anciennes mines d’uranium : La Commanderie (Vendée/Deux-Sèvres) et Pen Ar Ran (Loire-Atlantique). Ces deux anciens sites miniers présentent deux configurations locales qui font émerger deux approches différentes de la concertation. Dans une première piste de recherche, on s’intéresse à la configuration des acteurs dans une instance de concertation : le comité de Mallièvre. Le « réseau de contraintes » fait apparaître des dysfonctionnements structurels empêchant au collège des associations de développer un « capital cognitif ». La deuxième piste de recherche interroge l’utilité de la notion de « construction collective » pour mieux saisir les fondements de la concertation. La troisième piste de recherche nous conduit à une forme non-instituée de « construction collective » : à Piriac-sur-Mer, une « communauté de savoirs » émerge suite à la création du collectif Stop Radioactivité. En revanche, la concertation prend place dans l’argumentaire, en tant que revendication d’une « légitimation des savoirs »
Through the analysis of controversies, our sociological research articulates two case studies on the subject of the use of the “concertation” on the basis of the uranium mine monitoring: La Commanderie (Vendée/Deux-Sèvres) and Pen Ar ran (Loire-Atlantique). These two former uranium mines present two different configurations. In a first line of research, we are interested in the configuration of actors in an instance of “concertation”: comité de Mallièvre (La Commanderie). We present the “constraint network” which prevent the environmental associations from fully participating. The second line of research questions the usefulness of the concept of "collective construction" to better understand the foundations of the consultation. The third line of research leads us to observe a form non-established "collective construction": in Piriac-sur-Mer, a "community of knowledge" emerges as a result of the creation of the group of associations “Stop radioactivity”. In contrast, consultation takes place in the arguments, as a demand for "legitimation of knowledge"

We present SetPad, a new application prototype that lets computer science students explore discrete math problems by sketching set expressions using pen-based input. Students can manipulate the expressions interactively with the tool via pen or multi-touch interface. Likewise, discrete mathematics instructors can use SetPad to display and work through set problems via a projector to better demonstrate the solutions to the students. We discuss the implementation and feature set of the application, as well as results from both an informal perceived usefulness evaluation for students taking a computer science foundation exam in addition to a formal user study measuring the effectiveness of the tool when solving set proof problems. The results indicate that SetPad was well received, allows for efficient solutions to proof problems, and has the potential to have a positive impact when used as as an individual student application or an instructional tool.
ID: 031001485; System requirements: World Wide Web browser and PDF reader.; Mode of access: World Wide Web.; Title from PDF title page (viewed July 22, 2013).; Thesis (M.S.)--University of Central Florida, 2012.; Includes bibliographical references (p. 75-77).
M.S.
Masters
Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
Engineering and Computer Science
Computer Science

L'agressivite des souches de colletotrichum manihotis varie d'une souche a une autre et les cultivars de manioc inocules sont plus ou moins sensibles au champignon. La temperature et la lumiere exercent une action sur l'infection des tiges. In vitro la lumiere stimule ou inhibe, selon les temperatures la croissance en longeur des hyphes et la conidiogenese. Les radiations bleues, vertes et jaunes inhibent la croissance a 32 non=c. , les radiations rouges stimulent la croissance a des temperatures comprises entre 20 et 28 non=c. La conidiogenese est inhibee a 20 non=c. Et stimulee a partir de 24 non=c, par des radiations bleues et jaunes. Les radiations rouges stimulent la condiogenese a partir de 24 non=c jusqu'a 28 non=c. Le vert est toujours stimulateur quelle que soit la temperature

Dr. Eleine Mad är Madeleine Jacobsssons talesperson för dom vetenskapliga och paranormala upptäckter som uppstår i hennes världar. Hon beskriver innehåll, teknik och estetik utifrån ett kategoriseringssytem där konsten delas upp som olika typer av komponenter och därefter avkodas dessa allteftersom. För att förstå intuitionens inblandning i arbetsprocessen omförvandlas den till tre separata roller av en Sökare, Samlare och Myntare. Med rollerna försöker jag beskriva på vilka sätt som intuitionen är till gagn eller av förödelse för det konstnärliga arbetet. Sagan om M handlar om en grodlik karaktär, Delop, som lämnar sin hemplanet för att uppsöka andra världar. I sitt sökande hittar Delop ett folkslag vars syn och levnadssätt skiljer sig från hennes erfarenheter av “verkligheten” såsom hon lärt sig att överleva i den.
Dr. Eleine Mad is Madeleine Jacobsson's spokesperson for the scientific and paranormal discoveries that arise in her worlds. She describes content, tecniques and aesthetics based on a categorization system where art is divided into different types of components and then decoded as they go. To understand the intuition's involvement in the work process, it is transformed into three separate roles by a Seeker, Collector and a Myntare(In swedish language the one who is a "myntare" -is verbally declaring a concept or term). With these roles I try to describe in what ways intuition is beneficial or devastating to the artistic work. The story of M is about a frog-like character, Delop, who leaves the home planet to seek out other worlds. In her search, Delop finds a world whose views and lifestyles differ from her experiences of "reality" as she learned to survive in it.

Recorded sound and image material of the presentation is available for private use.

"Writing that is not read is like the tree that falls in the forest with no one to hear it; one wonders whether it creates any sound at all" (Stanford, 1977, p. 11). Writing needs an audience for students to understand its purpose. I suggest that setting real life writing goals would activate classrooms and enhance student motivation and effort. Does offering multiple audiences promote student engagement with their own written work? Does offering multiple audiences give students purpose for their work? Does offering purpose authenticate student work? I interviewed 10 of my former students to learn about their experiences. The students have all participated in at least one class where the focus of the semester was to offer authentic possibilities for students to share their work with a larger audience than the classroom teacher. Many of the opportunities were offered by entering community contests that would showcase student work through media such as print or electronic publication. The findings captured three prevailing themes. First, the students I interviewed thrived with freedom of expression. Tney preferred to have control of their writing. For example, they excelled when the assigned topics, styles, and deadlines matched their liking or if they were given the option to choose their own writing path. Second, the students felt impeded by the restrictions placed on them in a school setting. They were continually faced with onerous writing tasks. Although their teachers’ intentions may have been to improve student writing skills by providing practice, students found it difficult to internalize this genuine attempt at practice. They often saw the assignment as meaningless and had no motivation to complete it. Many painfully carried out the work in the hopes that the teacher, their only audience, would deem their work worthy enough for a desired grade. Third, when the students had the opportunity to write for authentic audiences, they found purpose in their schoolwork, motivation to pursue academic goals, and pride in their talents. Furthermore, their collaboration during group assignments generated a bond between group members not present when a genuine purpose was lacking. Finally, motivation was enhanced as a result of offering students fresh and innovative opportunities.
Education, Faculty of
Curriculum and Pedagogy (EDCP), Department of
Graduate

博士
國立臺灣大學
農業化學系
85
Combined with the wet chemistry, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fe-57 Mossbauer analysis and superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) investigation, the magnetic minerals existed in Northern Taiwan and Peng-Hu Island red soils can be identified as ferrimagnetic (spinel-type) iron oxides. Owing to the high Fe2+ content in the hand magnetic fractions of Northern Taiwan red soils and the evidence provided by Fe-57 Mossbauer analysis, the species of spinel-type iron oxides in Tan-Shui and Pa-Li red soils was characterized as the partially oxidized magnetite. However, the iron oxide in Tung-Wei and Wai-An red soils was predominated in maghemite. According to the saturated magnetization and low field susceptibility, the relative content of ferrimagnetic iron oxides in Northern Taiwan and Peng-Hu red soils can be summarized as follows: (1) Tan-Shui > Tung-Wei > Pa-Li > Wai-An; (2) Tan-Shui: B2 horizon > B1 horizon > A horizon; Pa-Li: A horizon > B1 horizon > B2 horizon; Tung-Wei: A horizon > B2 horizon > B1 horizon; Wai-An: B2 horizon > B1 horizon > A horizon; (3) Tan-Shui: Sand > Silt > Clay; Pa-Li: Silt > Caly > Sand; Tung-Wei: Clay > Silt > Sand; Wai-An: Clay > Silt > Sand. Furthermore, the high field susceptibility implies that the relative content of paramagnetic minerals in Tung-Wei red soils is higher than that in Tan-Shui, Pa-Li and Wai-An red soils. In this study , the deprotonated characteristics of aqueous metal ions and metal oxide surfaces in molecular level can be clarified by applying the first-principles density functional theory (DFT). From the binding energies (Ebind) calculated with Vosko-Wilk-Nusair (VWN), Becke-Perdew (BP) and Becke-Lee-Yang-Parr (BLYP) density functionals, the global linear relationship for the acidity and stability in both main group (Mg(II), Ca(II) and Al(III)) and (post-)transition group (Mn(II), Zn(II), Cd(II), Sc(III), CR(III), Fe(III), Ga(III) and In (III)) aqueous metal ions has been confirmed: VWN density functional: pKa = -19.15 + 0.02 Ebind r = 0.96 BP density functional: pKa = -12.93 + 0.02 Ebind r = 0.96 BLYP density functional: pKa = -13.08 + 0.02 Ebind r = 0.97via the linkage of the correlation for binding and coordination energies (Ecoord): VWN density functional: Ecoord = -1890.92 + 1.16 Ebind r = 0.96 BP density functional: Ecoord = -1436.61 + 1.03 Ebind r = 0.96 BLYP density functional: Ecoord = -1441.75 + 1.03 Ebind r = 0.96the linear relationship between first hydrolysis constants and coordination energies in hexaaqua metal ions can be obtained: VWN density functional: pKa = 16.58 + 0.02 Ecoord r = 0.96 BP density functional: pKa = 15.73 + 0.02 Ecoord r = 0.95 BLYP density functional: pKa = 15.94 + 0.02 Ecoord r = 0.96 Density functional calculations were also conducted to elucidate the reaction of a foreign water molecule associated with a hexaaqua Fe(III), Al(III), Mn(II) or Mg(II) ion. The result presents that more remarkable variation in the exothermic energy change, O-H bond lengthening and Mulliken charge redistribution is favorable for the progression of the deprotonation of hexaaqua metal ions. Moreover, judging from the calculated O-H stretching vibrational frequencies of hexaaqua metal ions, the larger the vibrational frequency, the more difficult the deprotonation progression. On the basis of previous density functional results regarding the deprotonation of aqueous metal ions, the structural stability, deprotonation energy and O-H stretching vibrational frequency of the molecular cluster model of octahedral and tetrahedral sites on spinel-type Fe and Al oxide surfaces were further examined. The sequence of the proton adsorption affinity shows in the order of Al oxide > Fe oxide; octahedral site > tetrahedral site.

A eleição do Palácio Nacional da Pena como local de estágio teve como premissa a análise do modelo de gestão que dita a vida e herança daquele património histórico, artístico, natural e cultural. Os principais objectivos deste estudo foram aprofundar o conhecimento da memória material e imaterial representada num monumento recordista em termos turísticos, desvendando os motivos de interesse primordiais que suscita a todos os que o visitam, compreendendo ainda, como é tratado o impacto desse elevado número diário. Nesse âmbito, as principais actividades desenvolvidas centraram-se na colaboração para o projecto de duas exposições que se realizaram no Palácio Nacional da Pena e no Chalet da Condessa d’Edla, no contexto da celebração do ano Ano Europeu do Património Cultural (ECHY 2018 – European Cultural Heritage Year). Um Lugar à Mesa Real foi o tema lançado pela ARRE (Association des Résidences Royales Européennes) para as iniciativas culturais que assinalaram o evento do ECHY e integraram esta causa internacional comum de sensibilização para a preservação do património cultural; o resultado final deste projecto foi exibido nos espaços da Pena a partir de 15 de Março de 2018. Como contributos para o projecto, elaborámos os conteúdos de texto e procedemos à selecção de imagens integrantes dos painéis expositivos, fizemos a gestão da informação, equacionámos e delineámos a sua apresentação e a comunicação eficaz no espaço museológico, ou seja, a articulação eficiente entre a museologia e museografia. A participação nesta acção global focou-se na promoção do património cultural, assim considerada como a melhor forma para a sua preservação. A investigação em curso foi centrada no estudo geral da arquitectura dos monumentos mencionados, e particularmente das dependências associadas às refeições, tendo sido aprofundada a análise do seu contexto e dos objectos que encerram. Para tal, foi dado particular ênfase à tendência funcional do mobiliário associada à Revolução Industrial nas raízes do design, assim como, reavivada a sua relação com os objectos pertencentes à sala de jantar do PNP, e em paralelo, com os elementos que compõem o conjunto de piquenique expostos no Chalet da Condessa d’Edla. Tendo em conta a imaterialidade do conceito foi ainda realizado um estudo biográfico das gerações intervenientes, tomando em consideração a sua relação com o espaço que habitaram e o seu enquadramento com os hábitos e costumes sociais do Romantismo, preponderantemente, no contexto das refeições: o evento de carácter formal no interior da sala de jantar, por oposição aos ocasionalmente informais piqueniques ao ar livre, muito apreciados pelos monarcas.
The choice of National Palace of Pena as an internship location had the main purpose the analysis of its management model which dictates the life and inherence of that historic, artistic, natural and cultural heritage. The core objectives of this study were to deepen the knowledge of the material and immaterial ensemble of a touristic record holding monument, unraveling the foremost interests of those who visit it, understanding as well the impact management of its elevated number of daily visitors. For that, the main activities developed were mostly centered on the collaboration for two exhibitions in the context of the European Cultural Heritage Year (ECHY 2018) celebration, presented that same year in the National Palace of Pena and the Chalet of the Countess of Edla. A Place at the Royal Table was the theme launched by ARRE (Association des Résidences Royales Européennes), integrating this cultural event of ECHY, in a joined international effort raising awareness for the preservation of cultural heritage; the final result was exhibited in the grounds of Pena beginning on March 15th, 2018. As contributions for the project, the texts and the selection of images contained in the exhibition panels were created, considering the presentation of information and communication management to be presented to the visitor on the museological space, based on an apt articulation between museology and museography. The participation in this global action was mostly concerned with the promotion of cultural heritage to manifest awareness, perceived as the best way for its safeguard and preservation. The present investigation was centered on the general study of the mentioned monuments’ architecture, and specifically on the rooms dedicated to meals with the analysis of its context and objects. Particular emphasis was given to functional design furniture, associated to Industrial Revolution and design roots, revived between the objects belonging to the Palace’s dining room, in parallel with the elements constituting the Chalet of the Countess of Edla’s picnic set. Bearing in mind the immateriality of the concept, a biographic study of the intervening generations was made as well, taking into consideration their connection to the space they inhabited and with Romantic habits or social customs background, mainly regarding the meal context: a formal event within a dining room or by opposition outdoors, by the event of the monarchs’ highly appreciated picnics.