Journal articles: 'Pennisetum purpurem'

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Andrade, Stefano Juliano Tavares de, and Laércio Melotti. "Inoculantes bacterianos na ensilagem do capim-elefante (Pennisetum purpurem, Schum)." Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal Science 40 (2003): 219–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1413-95962003000900010.

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Malinga, Geoffrey M., Vilma J. Lehtovaara, Anu Valtonen, Philip Nyeko, and Heikki Roininen. "Developing Mass Egg-Laying Medium for the Edible Ruspolia differens (Orthoptera: Tettigonidae)." Journal of Economic Entomology 112, no. 5 (2019): 2157–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jee/toz124.

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Abstract The edible katydid, Ruspolia differens (Serville), is an economically and nutritionally important insect species that is common and widespread in Africa. Currently, there are aims to develop mass-rearing methods suitable for this species, but a critical first step would require a suitable oviposition medium to ensure economic and easy production of eggs with high hatchability. The objective of the present study was to determine the oviposition preference and egg hatchability in different oviposition media. Based on preliminary testing of a wide range of different materials, two oviposition media, namely, artificial (folded plastic cloth) and natural medium (leaf sheath of Pennisetum purpureum Schumach attached to a stem), were selected for a detailed experiment. A two-choice laboratory experiment was conducted in which R. differens females were able to select between the folded plastic cloth (one side covered with short fleece) and a leaf sheath of P. purpureum (wrapped in polyester fiber). The results show that R. differens laid almost three times more eggs on the plastic cloth (mean ± SE, 169.3 ± 18.0) than on the natural substrate, P. purpurem (69.0 ± 13.9). However, the hatchability (overall mean% ± SE, 56.5 ± 4.7) of eggs in the two media did not differ. Folded plastic cloth, therefore, provided a more effective medium for egg laying by R. differens, and is thus a promising oviposition medium for getting natural populations to start laying eggs in future mass rearing.

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KARUNARATHNA, ANURUDDHA, PAWEŁ DZIAŁAK, RUVISHIKA S. JAYAWARDENA, et al. "A novel addition to the Pezizellaceae (Rhytismatales, Ascomycota)." Phytotaxa 480, no. 3 (2021): 251–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.480.3.4.

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In previous studies Apiculospora was introduced in Leotiomycetes genera incertae sedis. With our phylogenetic analyses based on large subunit rDNA (LSU) and internal transcribed spacer (ITS1, 5.8S, ITS2), we transfer Apiculospora to Pezizellaceae (Rhytismatales). We introduce Apiculospora penniseti from Pennisetum purpureum. Apiculospora penniseti differs from the closely related A. spartii by the presence of clear apiculi at both apices of the smooth-walled ascospores. Apiculospora penniseti is phylogenetically distinct from A. spartii with moderate support and high BYPP support (69 RAxML/0.97 BYPP). Herein, we discuss the taxonomy and phylogeny of A. penniseti.

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Zuratih, Zuratih, SPS Budhi, and Z. Bachruddin. "Condition of Rumen Fermentation as Impacted by Supplementation of Fermented Rice Brand Using In Vitro Gas Production Technique." Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner 25, no. 2 (2020): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.14334/jitv.v25i2.2066.

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Methane is one of the gases produced by ruminants during feed fermentation in the rumen. This experiment was aimed to investigate the production of monacolin K in rice bran fermented by Monascus purpureus mold and the influence of the supplementation of fermented rice bran using Monascus purpureus mold on elephant grass basal diet on fermentation products and methane production in an in vitro gas production method. The study consisted of two experiments. The first experiment analysis of monacolin K production in fermented rice bran using Monascus purpureus. Fermentation is done by the addition of Monascus purpureus at levels 0, 4, 8, and 12% (v/w) of substrate (rice bran) with 3 replications. Monacolin K in the substrate was analyzed using HPLC. The second experiment was the evaluation of supplementation of fermented rice bran to elephant grass basal diet using in vitro gas production. The treatment diet evaluated were Pennisetum purpureum (control), Pennisetum purpureum:rice bran (1:1 ratio), and Pennisetum purpureum:rice bran fermented. Each treatment was replicated 3 times. Results from the first experiment shows that rice bran with the highest monacolin K content was in rice bran fermented at 12% by Monascus purpureus. Result from the second experiment showed that supplementation of fermented rice bran to Pennisetum purpureum basal diet did not affect rumen ammonia concentration, VFA, protein microbial production, and dry matter and organic matter digestibility. However, methane production (CH4) was reduced (P&lt;0.05) by 50%, and the protozoal population was decreased (P&lt;0.05) by 80%. It is concluded that supplementation of fermented rice brands containing monacolin K was able to reduce methane production and the protozoa population without affecting feed fermentation.

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Olufayo, O. O., and O. O. Falola. "Nutritional contents of processed Delonix regia seeds incubated in vitro with Pennisetum purpureum." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 45, no. 1 (2020): 309–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v45i1.376.

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The effect of processing on proximate, mineral, anti-nutritional compositions, gasproduction characteristics, methane production, predicted metabolizable energy, organic matter digestibility and short chain fatty acids production of Delonix regia seeds incubated with Pennisetum purpureum were determined. Five treatments (T1: mixture of soaked Delonix regia seed and Pennisetum purpureum; T2: mixture of raw Delonix regia seed and Pennisetum purpureum; T3: mixture of roasted Delonix regia seed and Pennisetum purpureum; T4: mixture of boiled Delonix regia seed and Pennisetum purpureum and T5:100% Pennisetum purpureum which serves as control) were designed. In vitro gas production techniques for 24 hours were used to determine the nutritive value of processed 50% Delonix regia seed and 50% Pennisetum purpureum. The crude protein ranged from 13.38 to 15.71g/100g DM among the treatments while crude fibre was between 20.10 and 21.40g/100g DM, ether extract ranged from 1.90 to 3.12g/100g DM and ash 7.77 to 12.34g/100g DM. Calcium ranged from (2.34 - 3.61%), magnesium ranged (2.90 – 3.48%), sodium (2.05 – 2.91%) and phosphorus (0.88 – 1.12%). It was observed generally that T2 recorded the highest among the treatments while the values obtained for the heat treated seeds were lower than the raw. Oxalates ranged between (0.23% - 0.32%), phytates (0.29 – 0.43%), tannin (0.03 – 0.08%) and saponnin (0.36 – 0.49%). Methane (ml/200mg DM) production indicated T3 (50% roasted Delonix regia seed and 50% Pennisetum purpureum) was highest. The potential gas production 'a+b' ranged from 12.33 to 28.33mL/200mg DM). The highest potential gas production 'a+b' value of 28.33mL/200mg DM was obtained in T1 compared to other dietary treatment. Dry matter digestibility (DMD) ranged between 70.23 – 91.02% while the rate of fermentation was between 0.51 and 1.18ml/hr. The rate of fermentation was directly proportional to dry matter digestibility (DMD); the soaked recorded the highest value. Processing enhanced the nutritional contents of Delonix regia seeds. The result obtained showed that there were significant differences (p<0.05) among the treatments. In conclusion, soaking the seeds of Delonix regia had beter nutritional contents and has the potential for dry season feeding.

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I N., Kaca, I. G. Sutapa, L. Suariani, Y. Tonga, N. M. Yudiastari, and N. K. E. Suwitari. "PRODUKSI DAN KUALITAS RUMPUT GAJAH KATE (Pennisetum purpureum cv. Mott) YANG DITANAM DALAM PERTANAMAN CAMPURAN RUMPUT DAN LEGUM PADA PEMOTONGAN PERTAMA." Pastura 6, no. 2 (2019): 78. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/pastura.2017.v06.i02.p08.

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Salah satu faktor yang memegang peranan penting dalam meningkatkan produksi ternak ruminansia adalah tersedianya hijauan makanan ternak yang berkualitas sepanjang tahun. Hijauan makanan ternak yang berkualitas terutama terdiri dari rumput rumputan sebagai sumber energi dan leguminosa sebagai sumber protein. Di Indonesia, khususnya di Bali, petani ternak masih banyak memanfaatkan rumput lapangan sebagai pakan ternaknya, karena lahan yang khusus dipergunakan untuk menanam rumput tidaklah memadai. Oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan pertanaman campuran rumput dengan legume. Untuk menghasilkan produksi yang optimum maka perlu dilakukan pemupukan. Pemupukan yang dapat dilakukan oleh petani tanpa mengeluarkan biaya tambahan adalah pemberian pupuk organik kompos dan biourine. Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan dari bulan Nopember 2015 sampai dengan Pebruari 2016. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok pola faktorial 3x2, dengan 3 faktor jenis tanaman: Pennisetum purpureum cv. Mott tanpa legume (Rt); ditanam bersama sentro (Rs) dan ditanam bersama dengan kalopo (Rk): dan 2 jenis pupuk yang digunakan adalah pupuk kompos (K) dan pupuk biourine (B). Masing- masing kombinasi perlakuan diulang sebanyak tiga kali. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan hasil yang berbeda sangat nyata untuk parameter produksi total hijauan segar dan kering, jumlah anakan dan jumlah daun Pennisetum purpureum cv. Mott serta komposisi botani pemotongan pertama sedangkan untuk tinggi tanaman Pennisetum purpureum cv. Mott menunjukkan hasil yang berbeda tidak nyata Pengaruh yang nyata juga diberikan jenis tanaman terhadap kandungan protein Pennisetum purpureum cv. Mott, namun tidak berpengaruh nyata untuk kandungan serat kasar Pennisetum purpureum cv. Mott. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa pertanaman campuran Pennisetum purpureum cv. Mott dengan leguminosa mampu meningkatkan produksi dan kualitas hijauan. Kata kunci: rumput gajah kate, leguminosa, produksi, kualitas hijauan

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Diana, Nevy. "RESPONE OF FORAGES BY ADMINISTRATION OF FERMENTED GOAT URINE." JURNAL PETERNAKAN NUSANTARA 5, no. 1 (2019): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.30997/jpnu.v5i1.1420.

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Urine goat fermentented can be used as organic fertilizers element hara on the ground For the agricultural crops and forage. Theof this study todetermine dosage of fermented goat urine onnumber of tillers, plant heightproduction of fresh dry matter,content of Phosphor and potassium on different forages (Pennisetum purpureum schumach), (Setaria sphacelata)and (Brachiaria brizantha). Experimental design usedfactorial with two factors, the first factor wasdose of fermented goat urine (liters /ha) composed of P0 = 0/ha,P1 = 10/ha, P2 = 15/haand P3 = 20/ha and the second factor was forages composed of R1 Pennisetum purpureum schumach, R2 Setaria sphacelataand R3 Brachiaria brizanta. The results showed that dosage of fermented goat urine and species of forage and interaction had significant effect (P<0.05) on number of tillers, plant height, fresh and dry weight production, phosphorus and potassium of plant.Increasing dosage, dosage fermented goat urine.Increase plantheight, fresh weight, dry weight production while, growth of Pennisetum purpureum schumach was higher than Brachiaria brizantha and Setaria sphacelata. The optimum dosage fermented goat urine on Pennisetum purpureum schumach was 20 liters/ha while on Brachiaria brizantha and Setaria sphacelata was 15 liters/ha. It is concluded that usage increase growth of forages and the best combination show on Pennisetum purpureum schumach with dosage at 20 liters /ha.Keywords: Forages, Urine goat fermented, productivity.

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Barbosa, Sandro, Lisete Chamma Davide, and Antônio Vander Pereira. "Cytogenetics of Pennisetum purpureum Schumack x Pennisetum glaucum L. hybrids and their parents." Ciência e Agrotecnologia 27, no. 1 (2003): 26–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1413-70542003000100003.

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Cytogenetic studies were carried out on five accesses of interspecific hybrids of Pennisetum purpureum and Pennisetum glaucum and their parentals, which are part of the Forage Germplasm Bank of the "Centro Nacional de Pesquisa de Gado de Leite" of EMBRAPA, Brazil. The mitotic cytogenetic analysis, performed using stain by Schiff reactive, confirmed the chromosome number of 2n = 14, 28 and 21 for the accesses of P. glaucum, P. purpureum and their hybrids, respectively. For each access, descriptions of the chromosome complement and idiograms are presented which allowed to establish the karyotypic relationships between the hybrids and their parentals. Based on the total chromosomal length data it was possible to establish the karyotype classification of the accesses concerning symmetry. While the karyotype of P. glaucum accesses was considered symmetric, hybrids presented asymmetric karyotypes. For P. purpureum, two accesses (BAGs 63 and 75) showed symmetric karyotype and three (BAGs 54, 65 and 91) were asymmetric. For the interspecific hybrids it was possible to infer the origin of some parental chromosomes based on the total chromosomal length measurements, satellite presence and chromosome morphology.

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Arnaiz, Valentino, Carlos Braschi, Mariano Echevarría, and Jorge Vargas. "Voluntary Intake, in vitro digestibility and milk production of Morado Elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum x Pennisetum americanum) in cows." Agroindustrial science 8, no. 1 (2018): 45–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.17268/agroind.sci.2018.01.07.

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Arnaiz, Valentino, Carlos Braschi, Mariano Echevarría, and Jorge Vargas. "Voluntary Intake, in vitro digestibility and milk production of Morado Elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum x Pennisetum americanum) in cows." Agroindustrial science 8, no. 1 (2018): 45–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.17268/agroind.science.2018.01.07.

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Arnaiz, Valentino, Carlos Braschi, Mariano Echevarría, and Jorge Vargas. "Voluntary Intake, in vitro digestibility and milk production of Morado Elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum x Pennisetum americanum) in cows." Agroindustrial science 8, no. 1 (2018): 45–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.17268/agroind.sciendo.2018.01.07.

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Sigar, Novita V. F., D. A. Kaligis, W. B. Kaunang, and S. S. Malalantang. "PENGARUH PEMBERIAN PUPUK N-P-K TERHADAP HASIL BAHAN KERING DAN PROTEIN KASAR RUMPUT Brachiaria humidicola cv. Tully dan Pennisetum purpureum cv. Mott." ZOOTEC 34, no. 2 (2014): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.35792/zot.34.2.2014.5533.

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THE EFFECT OF N-P-K FERTILIZER ON THE YIELD OF DRY MATTER AND CRUDE PROTEIN OF GRASS (Brachiaria humidicola cv. Tully and Pennisetum purpureum cv. Mott.). This research was done to evaluate the effect of macro elements N-P-K on the dry matter and crude protein yield of grass (Brachiaria humidicola cv. Tully and Pennisetum purpureum cv. Mott). The research used combination of N-P-K fertilizer. The treatments were arranged in factorial design based on the Completely Randomized Design with two factors, three treatments and four replications. The factor A was applied for testing different grass of Brachiaria humidicola cv. Tully (a1), and Pennisetum purpureum cv. Mott (a2). The factor B was fertilizer combination of N (b1), NP (b2), and NPK (b3). Variables observed were dry matter and crude protein. The results of variance analysis showed that treatment affected significantly (P <0.05) dry matter and crude protein. Application of factor A indicated that both grasses had positively response to the application of N-P-K fertilizer measured on the yield of dry matter and crude protein. Keywords: N-P-K Fertilizer, Dry Matter, Protein, Brachiaria humidicola cv. Tully and Pennisetum purpureum cv. Mott.

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Sulaiman, W. A., Dwatmadji Dwatmadji, and T. Suteky. "Pengaruh Pemberian Pupuk Feses Sapi dengan Dosis yang Berbeda Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Rumput Odot (Pennisetum purpureum Cv.Mott) di Kabupaten Kepahiang." Jurnal Sain Peternakan Indonesia 13, no. 4 (2019): 365–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.31186/jspi.id.13.4.365-376.

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Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pertumbuhan dan produksi rumput Odot (Pennisetum purpureum Cv.Mott) dengan pemberian dosis yang berbeda.Penelitian dilakukan di Desa Tugu Rejo, Kec. Kabawetan, Kab. Kepahiang, Prov. Bengkulu dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK), dengan 4 perlakuan P0 (Kontrol), P1(pupuk feses sapi 10 ton/ha), P2 (pupuk feses sapi 15 ton/ha) dan P3 (pupuk feses sapi 20 ton/ha) setiap perlakuan terdiri dari 6 ulangan dan mulsa kulit kopi setebal 2 cm. Variabel yang diamati meliputi pertumbuhan dan produksi rumput Odot. Data yang diperoleh di analisa dengan menggunakan sidik ragam (Anova), bila berpengaruh nyata maka akan dilakukan uji lanjut Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT). Hasil penelitian menunjukan perlakuan tidak berpengaruh nyata (P>0,05) terhadap tinggi tanaman dan panjang daun namun berpengaruh nyata (P<0,05) terhadap lebar daun dan berpengaruh sangat nyata (P<0,01) terhadap jumlah anakan serta produksi bahan kering rumput Odot (Pennisetum purpureum Cv.Mott). Kesimpulan penelitian ini dengan menggunakan dosis pupuk feses sapi 15 ton/ha + mulsa kulit kopi setebal 2 cm lebih baik terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi rumput Odot (Pennisetum purpureum Cv.Mott).Kata kunci : Pupuk feses sapi, pertumbuhan, produksi, Pennisetum purpureum Cv.Mott

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Sariri, Ahimsa Kandi, and Sri Sukaryani. "Peningkatan Nutrien Silase Pennisetum purpureum dengan Penambahan Berbagai Konsentrasi Asam Formiat." Bulletin of Applied Animal Research 3, no. 1 (2021): 17–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.36423/baar.v3i1.680.

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari konsentrasi penambahan asam formiat pada silase yang paling efektif dalam meningkatkan nilai nutritif silase Pennisetum purpureum. Asam formiat yang digunakan dalam bentuk cair yang terbagi dalam perlakuan 0; 0,15; 0,3 dan 0,45 % berat hijauan kemudian hijauan yang telah dipotong-potong kemudian dibagi-bagi dalam perlakuan T0 = pemberian asam formiat 0% berat hijauan, T1 = pemberian asam formiat 0,15% berat hijauan, T2 = pemberian asam formiat 0,3% berat hijauan, T3 = pemberian asam formiat 0,45% berat hijauan. Masing-masing perlakuan diulang 4 kali. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak kelompok pola searah. Analisis yang dilakukan meliputi kadar air, kandungan protein kasar dan kandungan serat kasar silase. Penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan Penambahan asam formiat 0,15% pada pembuatan silase hijauan Pennisetum purpureum memberikan kandungan nutritif dan performa terbaik yaitu kandungan air 52.15%, PK 12.28%, serat kasar 9,51% dan performa yang menarik yaitu berwarna segar, hangat dan beraroma asam, penambahan asam formiat 0,3% pada pembuatan silase hijauan Pennisetum purpureum memberikan kandungan nutritif tidak berbeda nyata dengan kontrol dan penambahan asam formiat 0,45% pada pembuatan silase hijauan Pennisetum purpureum memberikan kandungan nutritif yang berbeda nyata (P<0,05) dengan kontrol tetapi performanya rendah dan mudah rusak.

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Okukenu, O. A., A. A. Olajide, P. A. Dele, et al. "Microsatellite markers-based characterisation of elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) harvested from selected locations in South-West Nigeria." Nigerian Journal of Biotechnology 37, no. 1 (2020): 38–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njb.v37i1.4.

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This study was carried out to characterise Pennisetum purpureum harvested from some selected locations in S outh-W estern Nigeria using microsatellite markers. Leaf parts of growing young elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) were harvested and immediately preserved in ethanol solution before DNA extraction. Two (2) SSR primers (CTM59 and Xtxp278) were used to assess genetic diversity in Pennisetum purpureum. The result shows that 72% of the molecular variations in the elephant grass exists within the population with 28% among the population; there were no unique characteristics among the Nine (9) populations. Nei genetic index ranged from 0.067 (lowest) observed between Isokan and Odeda populations to 0.158 (highest), between Ifedore and Ikoyi Populations. Morphological characterization showed moderate diversity with two major clusters and one minor cluster. Keyword: Elephant grass; cultivars; locations; markers

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Rahim, Erwin Abdul, Grace Sita Turumi, Syaiful Bahri, Jusman, and Syamsuddin. "Pemanfaatan Selulosa dari Rumput Gajah (Pennisetum purpureum) pada Sintesis Karboksimetil Selulosa (CMC)." KOVALEN: Jurnal Riset Kimia 7, no. 2 (2021): 146–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.22487/kovalen.2021.v7.i2.14227.

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Cellulose from Pennisetum purpureum has been used as the main ingredient in the synthesis of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). The purpose of CMC synthesis from the cellulose of Pennisetum purpureum is to obtain CMC compounds with the best degree of substitution (DS) value and the highest yield. The study was conducted using a completely randomized design with a factorial pattern consisting of two independent variables, namely the concentration of trichloroacetic acid (10%, 20%, and 30%) and reaction time (3 and 4 hours). The results showed that the CMC with the highest DS value (0.839) was obtained using 20% trichloroacetic acid with a reaction time of 3 hours. The highest CMC yield was 30.15% which was obtained using 30% trichloroacetic acid with a reaction time of 4 hours. Keywords: Pennisetum purpureum, carboxymethyl cellulose, substitution degree.

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Davide, Lisete Chamma, Vânia Helena Techio, Juliane Dornellas Nunes, and Antônio Vander Pereira. "Variação cromossômica numérica em Pennisetum." Ciência e Agrotecnologia 31, no. 2 (2007): 398–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1413-70542007000200020.

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Entre os acessos de Pennisetum da Coleção de Germoplasma da Embrapa Gado de Leite - Juiz de Fora, MG, avaliados em estudos anteriores, o BAG 55, capim-elefante cv. Kizozi, introduzido do Estado da Bahia e cuja origem genealógica é desconhecida, apresentou variação cromossômica numérica (2n=54 a 66 cromossomos) em diversas contagens, embora a sua identificação no Banco de Germoplasma como P. purpureum Schum. sugerisse que o mesmo apresentasse 2n=28 cromossomos. Neste estudo foram feitas análises mitóticas comparativas entre este acesso com outros quatro representantes de capim-elefante (P. purpureum) e foram obtidas medições cromossômicas. Para o acesso BAG 55 também foram realizadas análises meióticas e de viabilidade de pólen. Os resultados das análises mitótica e meiótica confirmaram o número cromossômico desse acesso como sendo 2n=54, indicando que não se trata de uma variedade de capim-elefante (P. purpureum), mas de uma espécie selvagem de Pennisetum. As observações citogenéticas revelaram que há variações somente em nível somático, caracterizando-se como um caso de polissomatia e aneussomatia.

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Davide, Lisete, Gabriela Barreto dos Reis, Amanda Teixeira Mesquita, Giovana Augusta Torres, Larissa Fonseca Andrade-Vieira, and Antônio Vander Pereira. "Genomic homeology between Pennisetum purpureum and Pennisetum glaucum (Poaceae)." Comparative Cytogenetics 8, no. 3 (2014): 199–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/compcytogen.v8i3.7732.

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Almeida, João Carlos de Carvalho, Aline Gama Rangel, Felipe Almeida Soares, et al. "Subprodutos agroindustriais na ensilagem de Pennisetum purpureum/ Agroindustrial by-products in Pennisetum purpureum silage." Brazilian Journal of Development 7, no. 8 (2021): 85121–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.34117/bjdv7n8-631.

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Sariri, Ahimsa Kandi, R. Djoko Soetrisno, and Subur Priyono Sasmito Budi. "Penambahan Berbagai Aras Selenium untuk Menurunkan Merkuri dalam Rumput yang Ditanam pada Tanah di Sekitar Pabrik Tekstil (Selenium Addition Level to Reduce Mercury in The Grass Planted on The Soil Adjacent to Textile Factory)." Buletin Peternakan 34, no. 2 (2012): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.21059/buletinpeternak.v34i2.92.

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The study was conducted to determine the level of Se that influenced the absorption of Hg by grasses and to determine the optimal level of Se to reduce Hg absorption. Two species of grasses namely Panicum muticum and Pennisetum purpureum, and 4 levels of Se namely 0, 1, 2, and 3 ppm, with 5 replications of each treatments were used in this study. The experimental design was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). Parameters measured were N total (Kjeldahl method), available P (Bray II method), exchangeable K (K in water method), Hg and Se content of the soil (AAS method). Samples of the forage were analyzed the Hg, Se, digestibility and crude protein (CP) content. Results of the study showed that species of grasses, level of Se and its interaction significantly (P&lt;0.01) affected Hg content of the soil, Se and crude protein content of the forages. Level of Se significantly (P&lt;0.01) affected Hg content of the forages while Se concentration on the soil were not afftected by level of Se but affected by spesies of grasses and interaction between level Se and spesies of grasses. Hg content of the soil (12.45 ppb) decreased after Panicum muticum cultivation (3.599 ppb) and however, they were significantly (P&lt;0.01) different with the Hg content of the soil cultivated by Pennisetum purpureum (0.52 ppb). Hg contens of the Panicum muticum and Pennisetum purpureum were not detected under 0.54 ppb. Se contents of the soil increased after Panicum muticum cultivation (1.395 ppm) and were significant (P&lt;0.01) different with cultivated by Pennisetum purpureum (1.585 ppm) also Se contents of the forages. Highest crude protein contents of the forages at the level Se 2 ppm for Panicum muticum (6.55%) and Pennisetum purpureum (6.88%). Conclusion of the study is addition of Se influence Hg absorbtion and level Se 2 ppm can be given to get the best forages quality.(Key words : Selenium, Mercury, Panicum muticum, Pennisetum purpureum)

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Tseng, Kuo Hsiung, Yong Fong Shiao, and Yu Ting Yeh. "A Study of Biomass Material Pretreatment by Microwave-Based Heating." Advanced Materials Research 347-353 (October 2011): 2991–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.347-353.2991.

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This study discussed the application of microwave-based heating for the pretreatment of biomass material, and selected Pennisetum purpureum for pretreatment. The Taguchi method was used to plan optimization experiments for pretreatment parameter levels, and measured the dynamic responses. With lower frequency of experiments, this study analyzed and determined a parameter combination in which Pennisetum purpureum can be rapidly heated to 190°C. The experimental results indicate an eight-order ARX model (Auto-Regressive eXogeneous) was representative of actual system performance, and the fit was 99.13%.

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Reis, Gabriela Barreto dos, Larissa Fonseca Andrade-Vieira, José Marcello Salabert de Campos, Antonio Vander Pereira, and Lisete Chamma Davide. "KARYOTYPE ALTERATIONS AFTER HYBRIDIZATION BETWEEN Pennisetum purpureum AND Pennisetum glaucum." Ciência e Agrotecnologia 39, no. 5 (2015): 443–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1413-70542015000500003.

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ABSTRACTNapier grass and pearl millet are tropical forages from the genus Pennisetum. The variability in those species is explored in breeding programs of forages, as well as in the production of interspecific hybrids. Hybridization is a phenomenon that leads to intergenomic conflicts following the elimination of genomic sequences. In this sense, the present work aimed to study the genomic alterations occurring after interspecific hybridization of pearl millet and Napier grass with the use of cytogenetics and flow cytometry tools. These methods allowed the evaluation of chromosome morphometry, DNA content and genomic ratio in pearl millet, Napier grass and hybrids. It was observed that pearl millet and Napier grass have chromosomes with superposed size. The hybrid presents chromosomes that are smaller than expected, leading to karyotype alterations. Additionally, comparing the DNA content of parents and hybrids, loss of DNA content was demonstrated. Further, changes in the pearl millet and Napier grass genome ratio were also verified in the hybrid nucleus. Moreover, genomic rearrangements were shown to occur through karyotype alterations in the hybrid.

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A.T., Permana, M. A. Setiana, and I. I. Arbi. "KERAGAMAN HIJAUAN PAKAN DI KUNAK (KAWASAN USAHA PETERNAKAN) SAPI PERAH BOGOR." Pastura 6, no. 2 (2019): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/pastura.2017.v06.i02.p07.

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Hijauan pakan mempunyai peranan penting dalam keberhasilan usaha sistem peternakan sapi perah. Peternak di KUNAK Bogor memenuhi kebutuhan hijauan pakannya dari hijauan pakan yang dibudidayakan maupun dari hijauan pakan liar yang diambil dari sekitarnya. Sehubungan dengan kualitas hijauan pakan salah satunya ditentukan oleh jenis tanamannya, pemilihan jenis hijauan pakan sangatlah penting. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat keragaman hijauan pakan yang ada di KUNAK dan beberapa kualitas hijauan pakan berupa protein kasar (PK )dan serat kasar (SK). Penelitian dilakukan melalui survey lapangan dan pengambilan sampel hijauan pakan untuk dilakukan identifikasi dan dianalisa PK dan SK-nya. Komposisi botani tiga terbanyak di KUNAK 1 adalah rumput Ottochloa nodosa, Brachiariaruziziensis, dan Pennisetum purpureum, sedangkan komposisi botani di KUNAK 2 adalah Pennisetum purpeureum Schum, Ottochloa nodosa dan Euleusine indica . Sedangkan hasil analisa PK dan SK pada Ottochloa nodosa (PK : 9,1%; SK : 28 %), Brachiaria ruziziensis (PK: 7,4%; SK: 25,4%), dan Pennisetum purpureum (PK: 8,6%; SK: 30,7%). Kata kunci: tanaman hijaun pakan, KUNAK, komposisi botani, Pennisetum purpeureum, Ottochloa nodosa

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Valles de la Mora, Braulio, Epigmenio Castillo Gallegos, and Hugo Bernal Barragán. "Rendimiento y degradabilidad ruminal de materia seca y energía de diez pastos tropicales cosechados a cuatro edades." Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Pecuarias 7, no. 2 (2016): 141. http://dx.doi.org/10.22319/rmcp.v7i2.4170.

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El presente trabajo se realizó con el objetivo de determinar el rendimiento de materia seca (RMS), y la degradabilidad ruminal de la materia seca (MS) y la energía, de diez pastos de los géneros Brachiaria: B. brizantha (Insurgente), B. decumbens (Señal), B. humidicola (Chetumal), B. brizantha x B. ruzieziensis (Mulato I); Panicum: P. maximum cv. Mombasa, P. maximum cv. Guinea, P. maximum cv. Tanzania; y Pennisetum: P. purpureum cv. Taiwan, P. purpureum cv. Cuban king grass, P. purpureum cv. Purple king grass, a 3, 6, 9 y 12 semanas de rebrote, en tres ciclos de crecimiento. La degradabilidad ruminal de MS y energía se determinó a 48 h de incubación in situ. El RMS fue 3,037, 1,689 y 1,872 kg ha-1, para Pennisetum, Brachiaria y Panicum (P<0.05). La PC disminuyó de 11.6 a 6.9 % (3 a 12 semanas), sin diferencias entre géneros. Contenidos (%) de FDN, FDA y LIG fueron 72.1, 43.5 y 8.1 (Brachiaria); 73.0, 45.8 y 9.0 (Panicum); y 68.8, 44.4 y 9.1 (Pennisetum); así como 68.1, 40.1 y 8.2 (3 semanas); y 76.2, 49.7 y 9.5 (12 semanas). La degradabilidad in situ de MS fue 70.0 (Brachiaria), 65.8 (Panicum) y 72.9 % (Pennisetum); disminuyendo de 71.7 a 62.9 % de 3 a 12 semanas. La energía pre-incubada promedió: 3,802, 3,756, y 3,608 kcal kg-1 MS, para Brachiaria, Panicum, y Pennisetum, sin cambios por edad de rebrote. La degradabilidad (% de la EB incubada in situ en el rumen) fue 55.6, 51.4 y 57.9, para Brachiaria, Panicum y Pennisetum. En conclusión, la edad de rebrote y género afectaron el valor nutritivo de los pastos evaluados.

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Lestari, Dewi, Nita opi Ari kustanti, and Edya Moelia Moeis. "PERBEDAAN JARAK TANAM TERHADAP PRODUKTIVITAS RATOON RUMPUT GAJAH (Pennisetum purpureum Cv. Mott)." AVES: Jurnal Ilmu Peternakan 12, no. 2 (2019): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.35457/aves.v12i2.1504.

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This study was to determine the effect of plant spacing on ratoon productivity elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum Cv. Mott). The experiment method was conducted experimentally by experiment with diffent spacing on Ratoon Elephant Grass (Pennisetum purpureum Cv. Mott).The desigh used was a complete randomized design (RAL) with 4 treatments and 6 replications, ie P0 (50 x 100) cm, P1 (75 x 100) cm, P2 (100 x 100) cm and P3 ( 125 x 100) cm. From result showed that P0 (50 x 100) cm yielded the highest number of tillers, which was 15.78 piece and followed by P1 (75 x100) cm yielding plant height of 86.37 cm, P2 (100 x 100) cm of 679.11 gr in fresh weight and P3 (125 x 100) cm of 156.96 piece on the number of leaves. According to the results of the study can be concluded that the spacing is not significant (P>0.05) on Ratoon Elephant Grass. Need further research on the influence of devoliation, weed control and high influence of low area of Raton Elephat Grass (Pennisetum purpureum Cv. Mott).

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Chen, Min, Dian Wang, Jie Song, Tian Shu Chen, Na Sui, and Bao Shan Wang. "Elevated N Supply Reduces the Inhibition of Growth and Photosynthesis Caused by Salinity in the Bioenergy Plant Hybrid Pennisetum." Advanced Materials Research 724-725 (August 2013): 443–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.724-725.443.

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Hybrid Pennisetum (Pennisetum americanum×P. purpureum) is a popular bioenergy grass that could also serve as forage for livestock production. In a pot experiment, salinity inhibited hybrid Pennisetum growth, photosynthesis, soluble sugar content, and NR activity; decreased K+content; and increased Na+content. These adverse effects of soil salinity were reduced, however, by applications of NO3--N up to 5 mmol·L-1; higher applications of NO3--N increased soil salinity problems. These findings will be useful for the production of hybrid Pennisetum as a biofuel on saline land.

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Fahmi, Muhammad, Ristianto Utomo, Bambang Suhartanto, Andriyani Astuti, and Nafiatul Umami. "Chemical Quality and Digestibility Value in Silage of Pennisetum purpuphoides and Pennisetum purpureum Gamma with Different Levels of Molasses Supplementation." Key Engineering Materials 884 (May 2021): 204–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.884.204.

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This research was conducted to determine the chemical quality and digestibility of silage varieties of Pennisetum purpuphoides and Pennisetum purpureum gamma supplemented with molasses at different levels. The study was designed using a completely randomized design (CRD) 2 x 3 factorial pattern. The first factor was Pennisetum varieties consisting of P. purpuphoides and P. purpureum gamma radiation. The second factor was the level of molasses supplementation, i.e., 0, 3, and 6 %, with 5 replications on each group. The selected variable is the chemical characteristics of silage, i.e., pH, DM, OM, CP, CF, and NNFE, TDN, NH3, and lactic acid of silage. Pennisetum purpureum gamma and 6% molasses supplementation produce silage with good chemical quality. The increase in the level of supplementation of molasses is inversely proportional to the pH, crude fiber and NH3 silage (P<0.05). Varieties markedly decreased curing pH, NH3, crude fiber, and silage concentration (P<0.05). The content of lactic acid, DM, CP, crude fiber, TDN, and NNFE significantly increased linearly with an increase in the level of molasses supplementations (P<0.05) and also significantly decreased CF levels (P<0.05), but not significantly different from the OM content (P>0.05). Varieties that showed changes in some parameters of the proposed chemical composition is towards decreasing crude fiber (P<0.05), but significantly increased on the composition of DM, OM, CP, and NNFE (P<0.05). Besides molasses supplementation at the 6% level on P. purpureum gamma varieties, their combinations showed improvements to produce the best chemical quality and digestibility of silage.

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Kojo, Raldi M., D. Rustandi, Y. R. L. Tulung, and S. S. Malalantang. "PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN DEDAK PADI DAN TEPUNG JAGUNG TERHADAP KUALITAS FISIK SILASE RUMPUT GAJAH (Pennisetum purpureumcv.Hawaii)." ZOOTEC 35, no. 1 (2015): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.35792/zot.35.1.2015.6426.

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ABSTRACT EFFECT OF THE ADDITION OF RICE BRAN AND CORN FLOUR ON THE PHYSICAL QUALITY OF ENSILAGE ELEPHANT GRASS (Pennisetum purpureumcv.Hawaii). The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of the addition of rice bran and corn flour on the physical quality of elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum cv. Hawaii)silage.The present study used elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum cv. Hawaii)in the ensilage process. Rice bran and corn flour were then added to the elephant grass in the ensilage processing. The present study used Completely Randomized Design with 7 treatments and 5 replications. The treatments were formulated as follow: R0 = elephant grass 100%; R1 = elephant grass + 8% rice bran; R2 = elephant grass + 12% rice bran; R3 = elephant grass + 8% corn flour; R4 = elephant grass + 12% corn flour; R5 = elephant grass + 4% rice bran + 4% corn flour; R6 = elephantgrass + 6% rice bran + 6% corn flour. The variables measured were physical quality of elephant grass silage, including: texture, color, and aroma. The research results showed that the addition of rice bran and corn flour did not significantly affect (P>0,01) ensilage color and aroma, but significantly affect (P<0,01) the texture of the ensilage. It can be concluded that the addition of 8% rice bran gave the best result on theensilage textureof elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum cv. Hawaii). Keywords : Elephant Grass, Ensilage, Rice Bran, Corn Flour, Physical Quality

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Paat, Paulus C., and Jantje G. Kindangen. "PENINGKATAN PRODUKTIVITAS PAKAN DAN NUTRISI SAPI PADA AREAL KELAPA MELALUI INTRODUKSI PENNISETUM PURPUREUM SCHUM CV. MOTT." Buletin Palma 17, no. 1 (2017): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/bp.v17n1.2016.71-78.

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Coconut plantation area in North Sulawesi is an ecological basis for cattle but lower in terms of productivity of feed d annutrients. This study aims to improve the productivity of feed and nutrient for beef cattle development in the coconut palm plantation through the introduction of superior forage P. purpureum Schum cv. Mott. The study was conducted from July 2012 to January 2013, in the Ongkaw Village, South Minahasa Regency, North Sulawesi. Coconut palms used in this study was 50 years-old tall coconuts with planting system of 9 m x 9 m at farmer plantation area. The research followed a completely randomized design with three treatments and three replications. The treatments tested were types of animal feed, which consists of (1). P. purpureum Schum cv. Mott (dwarf elephant grass), Cynodon sp. (native grass), and P. purpureum (forage elephant grass). Planting systems of livestock forage are 20 cm x 20 cm, for Cynodon sp. 100 cm x 50 cm for both P. purpureum Schum cv. Mott and P. purpureum. The first defoliation was done 70 days after planting, after that, the defoliation was done every 45 days. The result showed that the dry weight of animal feed/ha was 15.31 tons, 163.73 tons and 128.21 tons for Cynodon sp., P. purpureum Schum cv. Mott and P. purpureum, respectively. Dry matter and nutrients of P. purpureum Schum cv. Mott was higher than that of Cynodon sp. and P. purpureum. The result showed that the introduced P. purpureum Schum cv. Mott significantly increased both animal feed production and feed nutrients in coconut plantation area as compared to the local forage crops (Cynodon sp. and P. purpureum). The P. purpureum Schum cv. Mott can adapt to the shade of bearing coconut palms.ABSTRAK Lahan perkebunan kelapa di Sulawesi Utara merupakan basis ekologi sapi namun produktivitas dan nutrisi pakan rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan meningkatkan produktivitas pakan dan nutrisi untuk pengembangan sapi potong di lahan perkebunan kelapa, melalui introduksi hijauan pakan ternak unggul Pennisetum purpureum Schum cv. Mott. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada Juli 2012 sampai dengan Januari 2013 di Desa Ongkaw, Kabupaten Minahasa Selatan, Provinsi Sulawesi Utara. Tanaman kelapa yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Kelapa Dalam umur 50 tahun dengan jarak tanam 9 m x 9 m. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan tiga perlakuan dan tiga ulangan. Tiga perlakuan yang diuji adalah jenis pakan ternak, yang terdiri atas P. purpureum Schum cv. Mott, Cynodon sp. dan Pennisetum purpureum. Jarak tanam pakan ternak tersebut adalah 20 cm x 20 cm untuk Cynodon sp., dan 100 cm x 50 cm untuk P. purpureum Schum cv. Mott dan P. purpureum. Defoliasi pertama dilakukan 70 hst, setelah itu defoliasi dilakukan setiap 45 hari. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa berat kering pakan ternak per ha adalah 15,31 ton; 128,21 ton; dan 163,73 ton/ha berturut-turut untuk Cynodon sp., P. purpureum, dan P. purpureum Schum cv. Mott. Bahan kering dan nutrisi pakan P. purpureum Schum cv. Mott lebih tinggi dari Rumput Cynodon sp. dan Pennisetum purpureum. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa P. purpureum Schum cv. Mott yang diindtroduksi meningkatkan produksi dan nutrisi pakan ternak pada lahan perkebunan kelapa secara nyata dibanding tanaman pakan lokal Cynodon sp. dan P. purpureum. Pennisetum purpureum Schum cv. Mott dapat beradaptasi di bawah naungan kelapa dewasa.

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Oliveira, Ely S. A. de, Paulo H. S. Cardoso, Izabelle de P. Sousa, Anarelly C. Alvarenga, Márcio N. Rodrigues, and Regynaldo A. Sampaio. "Copper and zinc fractionation in biosolid cultivated with Pennisetum purpureum in different periods." Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental 22, no. 1 (2018): 3–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v22n1p3-9.

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ABSTRACT In order to reduce the effect of heavy metals on the biosolid, it is necessary to promote its phytoremediation. It is important to know the total content and chemical forms of these elements in the residue for analyzing its behavior and potential toxicity. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the fractionation and behavior of Cu and Zn in biosolid cultivated with Pennisetum purpureum in different periods. The experiment was carried out using a randomized complete block design. The treatments, with five replicates, corresponded to Pennisetum purpureum cultivation in biosolid for 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 days after planting. The total contents of Cu and Zn in the biosolid remained below the critical limits established by the CONAMA Resolution 357, and there was a reduction in these values with Pennisetum purpureum cultivation. Furthermore, the increment in the grass cultivation period caused intense reduction of Zn contents bound to organic matter, but there was an increase in soluble Zn and residual Zn. Additionally, there was an intense reduction in the content of Cu bound to sulfides. Therefore, for biosolid phytoremediation purposes, the grass should be cultivated for 150 days.

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De Lima, Dominggus, and Lily Joris. "APLIKASI BEBERAPA JENIS PUPUK KANDANG TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN AWAL RUMPUT GAJAH (Pennisetum purpureum)." Agrinimal Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Tanaman 7, no. 1 (2019): 42–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.30598/ajitt.2019.7.1.42-47.

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The objective of the research was to determine the effects of different compost application on the early growth of elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum). The research was conducted at educational field of Animal Husbandry section of Agriculture Faculty Pattimura University. The measurements were number of buds, lesf wide, leaf length and plant height. The research was arranged into Complete Randomized Design with three treatments and five replication. The results showed that there was a highly significant difference on number of buds, leaf length, plant height and leaf wide. It was concluded that the application of 20 tones/ha goat compost produced good effect on early growth of elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum).

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Ishii, Yasuyuki, Mohammad Hamid Kadwal, Yusuke Iki, and Sachiko Idota. "Genotypic differences in forage quantity and quality of canopy strata in napiergrass (Pennisetum purpureum Schumach)." Journal of Experimental Biology and Agricultural Sciences 4, VIS (2017): 688–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.18006/2016.4(vis).688.697.

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Jaime, Ariel, Manuel Rosemberg, and Mariano Echevarría. "Effect of age and season on the yield and nutritive value of Morado elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum x Pennisetum americanum) in the central coast." Scientia Agropecuaria 10, no. 1 (2019): 137–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.17268/sci.agropecu.2019.01.15.

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Medeiros, Rosane M. T., Franklin Riet-Correa, Ivon M. Tabosa, et al. "Intoxicação por nitratos e nitritos em bovinos por ingestão de Echinochloa polystachya (capim-mandante) e Pennisetum purpureum (capim-elefante) no sertão da Paraíba." Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 23, no. 1 (2003): 17–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-736x2003000100004.

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Descrevem-se três surtos de intoxicação por nitratos e nitritos em bovinos na região semi-árida do estado da Paraíba, nordeste do Brasil. O primeiro surto foi causado por Echinochloa polystachya (capim-mandante) e os demais por Pennisetum purpureum (capim-elefante) e ocorreram após um período prolongado de seca, após o início das primeiras chuvas. Em um dos surtos causado por Pennisetum purpureum, uma parte da área onde estava o pasto que continha níveis altos de nitratos havia sido fertilizada com esterco de bovino. No primeiro surto morreram 5 bovinos de um total de 11, no segundo morreram 21 de um total de 81 e no terceiro morreram 3 de um total de 19 bovinos. Os sinais clínicos se caracterizaram por anorexia, dispnéia, ranger de dentes, depressão ou hiperexitabilidade, tremores, contrações abdominais, salivação, corrimento nasal, andar cambaleante, mucosas cianóticas e, finalmente, decúbito. A presença de nitratos e nitritos foi detectada no sangue dos animais e nos pastos por meio da prova de difenilamina. Parece que o principal fator que determinou a concentração de altos níveis de nitratos nas plantas foi a ocorrência de chuvas depois de um longo período de seca. Outro fator importante no surto causado por Pennisetum purpureum foi a fertilização do solo com esterco.

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Hou, Xincun, Wenjun Teng, Yanxia Hu, et al. "Potential phytoremediation of soil cadmium and zinc by diverse ornamental and energy grasses." BioResources 15, no. 1 (2019): 616–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.15.1.616-640.

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The potential of 32 frequently studied ornamental and/or energy grasses and two cadmium/zinc hyperaccumulators for phytoextraction and phytostabilization was compared by their growth in a historically contaminated soil over a three-month pot experiment. Shoot and root biomasses varied by factors of 14.2 and 62.7, respectively. Mainly due to their large biomass, Napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum ‘Purple’) and variegated giant reed (Arundo donax var. versicolor) accumulated cadmium and zinc contents in shoots up to 109.3% and 55.4% higher, respectively, than those in the cadmium/zinc hyperaccumulators, despite their lower metal concentrations. Pennisetum purpureum ‘Purple’ accumulated the most zinc and the third highest cadmium in roots. Bioconcentration factors of cadmium in roots were greater than 1 for 19 grasses. The present study demonstrated that many of these grasses may be suitable for phytostabilization of soil cadmium. Arundo donax var. versicolor exhibited the most potential for phytoextraction of soil zinc, whereas Pennisetum purpureum ‘Purple’ was best for phytoextraction and phytostabilization of cadmium and phytostabilization of zinc. Ornamental/energy grasses may have greater potentials for soil remediation than hyperaccumulators, especially given their utility and eco-economic benefits. The considerable variation in their performance emphases the value of screening to select the most effective candidates.

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Cutts, George S., Theodore M. Webster, Timothy L. Grey, et al. "Herbicide Effect on Napiergrass (Pennisetum purpureum) Control." Weed Science 59, no. 2 (2011): 255–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/ws-d-10-00130.1.

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Field and greenhouse experiments were conducted to determine the effect of herbicides on napiergrass growth and control. In greenhouse experiments, hexazinone, glyphosate, and imazapic were applied POST, and carbon dioxide (CO2) assimilation was measured with the use of an open-flow gas-exchange system up to 22 d after treatment (DAT). Carbon dioxide assimilation was reduced to zero, indicating plant death, for hexazinone- and glyphosate-treated napiergrass by 2 and 12 DAT, respectively. Imazapic-treated napiergrass CO2assimilation declined to a constant rate by 22 DAT, but never reached zero. Field studies at Chula and Ty Ty, Georgia, evaluated herbicides for napiergrass control. Herbicide treatments included autumn-only applications, autumn followed by spring applications, and spring-only applications. All autumn-applied treatments exhibited regrowth in the spring. Plants were not affected by cold winter temperatures. A spade tillage treatment was implemented in January 2010, but was not effective in controlling napiergrass. Spring treatments included split applications of autumn treatments and spring-only treatments of glyphosate, glyphosate plus sethoxydim, and imazapyr. Sequential autumn and spring treatments containing glyphosate at both locations failed to eradicate napiergrass. Imazapyr applied spring achieved 94% plant injury by 34 DAT, and indicated potential napiergrass control. Greenhouse results indicated multiple modes of action could be effective in reducing napiergrass growth, but were inconsistent with field results. Further field studies are needed to derive conclusive methods of napiergrass control.

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Coutinho, Flavia Paiva, Maria Auxiliadora de Queiroz Cavalcanti, and Adriana Mayumi Yano-Melo. "Filamentous fungi isolated from the rhizosphere of melon plants (Cucumis melo L. cv. Gold Mine) cultivated in soil with organic amendments." Acta Botanica Brasilica 24, no. 1 (2010): 292–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-33062010000100032.

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Rhizosphere soil samples were collected in a semiarid area, in the region of the São Francisco River valley, Petrolina, Pernambuco state, Brazil, to study the diversity of filamentous fungi in a soil cultivated with melon (Cucumis melo L. cv. Gold Mine) and receiving different organic amendments: Treatment 1 (control, without organic compost); T2 (77% coconut fiber, 20% goat manure and 3% K2SO4); T3 (10% Ricinus communis leaves and stems, 50% Pennisetum purpureum leaves and 40% goat manure); T4 (77% coconut fiber, 20% goat manure and 3% termophosphate); T5 (47% Pennisetum purpureum leaves, 50% goat manure and 3% K2SO4); and T6 (57% Pennisetum purpureum leaves, 40% goat manure and 3% termophosphate). Fungal isolation was carried out by the serial dilution technique to 1:1000. The Sorensen index of similarity, frequency and distribution of the fungi were evaluated. Seventy-eight species of filamentous fungi were isolated and identified, plus several Basidiomycota (04) and Mycelia sterilia (02). The predominant genera were Aspergillus and Penicillium, with 15 and 13 species, respectively. A greater number of species was found in the sowing period (49), and in relation to the organic fertilization, treatment 6 provided the greatest species diversity (43 species). Most of the species are saprobes and only a few are considered to be potential pathogens on melon plants, such as Fusarium oxysporum, F. solani and Myrothecium roridum.

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Beltrán Polania, Diego Alejandro, and Lázaro Hugo Lemus Alarcón. "Valoración económica de ensilajes de Zea mays y forrajes como una alternativa de nutrición de bovinos en la altillanura." Revista Sistemas de Producción Agroecológicos 6, no. 1 (2015): 2–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.22579/22484817.661.

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El trabajo se realizó en una finca ganadera ubicada en la vereda La Guardiana del Municipio San Martín de los Llanos en un paisaje de Altillanura con suelos clase III, con el objetivo determinar la opción económica de mayor viabilidad en la producción de ensilaje para la alimentación de bovinos en parcelas, donde se establecieron los siguientes tratamientos: Zea mays y pasto de corte Pennisetum purpureum en monocultivo y asociados con la leguminosa Mucuna deeringiana (Bort) Merr. El área de estudio tiene 350 msnm, temperatura y precipitación media de 24°C y 3200 mm, allí se establecieron los tratamientos con un diseño experimental en un bloque al azar subdividido en 4 parcelas para cada uno con cuatro repeticiones, para un total de 16 parcelas, con un área de 5.000 m2, siendo la totalidad del experimento de 80.000 m2. Se tomaron manualmente 20 muestras del forraje fresco en 1 m2 de cada parcela, las cuales fueron pesadas y ensiladas para calcular rendimiento del forraje fresco y ensilado por hectárea. Las parcelas se cultivaron, cosecharon y ensilaron calculando su costo por hectárea, con esta información y el costo comercial se realizó el análisis económico. El rendimiento de biomasa en forraje fresco, presentó el mejor resultado en el tratamiento que involucró al Zea mays con Mucuna deeringiana (Bort) Merr siendo de 66.110 kg/ha, seguido del Zea mays con 65.406 kg/ha, siendo el más bajo Pennisetum purpureum en monocultivo con 30.434 kg/ha. La variable rendimiento de biomasa en forraje ensilado presentó su mayor rendimiento en asociación de Zea mays con Mucuna deeringiana (Bort) Merr con (61.181 kg/ha), seguido de Zea mays con (60.649 kg/ha) y Pennisetum purpureum con 30.000 kg/ha. Se demostró en el análisis económico que la mayor rentabilidad se obtuvo ensilando Zea mays en asociación con Mucuna deeringiana (Bort) Merr, generando COP$6.931.807 por hectárea de biomasa ensilada, seguido de Zea mays en monocultivo con COP$6.871.532 siendo la más baja la de Pennisetum purpureum en monocultivo COP$3.399.000.

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Aken'ova, M. E., and H. R. Chheda. "Beef Production on Rotationally Grazed F1 Pennisetum Hybrid and Elephant Grass (Pennisetum Purpureum Schum.) Pastures." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 3, no. 2 (2021): 20–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v3i2.2504.

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COMPARATIVE studies of elephant and the F1 hybrids between the ‘maiwa’ Cultivar of millet (Pennisetum americanum) elephant grass (P. purpureum) indicated a superiority in quality of the hybrids. To ascertain this potential superiority animal performance was measured by exciting beef production on F1 Pennisetum hybrid and elephant grass pastures consisting of random mixture of genotype which were grazed from July 28 to December 6. 1972 (132 days) by 18 to 24 months old White Falani (Bunaji) Zebu heifers. Each pasture was divided into Six 0.07- ha paddocks which were grazed in rotation by two heifers for 5 to 7 days with intervening rest periods of 30 to 35 days. Total liveweight gains per hectare, of animals grazing F1 Pennisetum hybrid and elephant grass pastures were 246.71 and 171.77kg respectively. Mean daily liveweight gain per 100 Kg body weight of animals on the F1 Pennisetum hybrid nature was 0.18 kg which was significantly higher than the 0.13 kg of animals grazing elephant grass. Dry matter (DM) utilisation and average daily intake of the F1 hybrids and elephant grass were respectively, 46 and 35% and 2.2 an 2.0% of body weight while 11.71 kg and 15.85 kg of F1 Pennisetum hybrids and elephant grass, respectively, were consumed per kg of liveweight gain. The superior performance of animals grazing F1 hybrid Pennisetum, was attributed to the higher intake and more efficient conversion of the hybrids. Stand mortality of F1 Pennisetum hybrids and elephant grass at the end of the study were 25 and 15%, respectively. Greater animal output can be expected from F1 Pennisetum hybrids selected for improved DM production quality and plant persistence.

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Nunes, J. D., A. L. S. Azevedo, A. V. Pereira, et al. "DNA elimination in embryogenic development of Pennisetum glaucum x Pennisetum purpureum (Poaceae) hybrids." Genetics and Molecular Research 12, no. 4 (2013): 4817–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4238/2013.october.22.1.

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Andrade-Vieira, Larissa Fonseca, Gabriela Barreto dos Reis, Giovana Augusta Torres, et al. "Biparental Chromosome Elimination in Artificial Interspecific Hybrids of Pennisetum purpureum and Pennisetum glaucum." Crop Science 53, no. 5 (2013): 1917–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2013.03.0155.

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Galdino, Antonia Gorete da Silva, Francisca Frenna Amorim, and Rennan Salviano Terto. "Adaptive responses of millet (Pennisetum glaucum) and elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) at salinity." Scientific Electronic Archives 12, no. 6 (2019): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.36560/1262019976.

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Silva, Maria da Conceição, Mércia Virginia Ferreira dos Santos, Mário de Andrade Lira, et al. "Ensaios preliminares sobre autofecundação e cruzamentos no melhoramento do capim-elefante." Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia 37, no. 3 (2008): 401–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-35982008000300004.

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Objetivou-se nesta pesquisa verificar a possibilidade do uso da autofecundação no melhoramento do Pennisetum purpureum e comparar progênies de Pennisetum purpureum obtidas por três formas de fecundação (tratamentos): autofecundação, cruzamentos intraespecíficos e cruzamentos interespecíficos com Pennisetum glaucum. Foram avaliadas 10, 2 e 2 famílias com um total de, respectivamente, 160 progênies provenientes de cruzamento intraespecífico, 38 progênies de cruzamento interespecífico e 40 progênies de autofecundação. Foram realizadas duas avaliações para determinar a produção de matéria seca - MS (kg/touceira), o teor de MS (%), a altura de planta (m), o perfilhamento basilar (nº/touceira) e índice de sobrevivência (%), em parcelas sem repetição. Os tratamentos cruzamento intraespecífico, cruzamento interespecífico e autofecundação apresentaram as respectivas médias de 0,47; 0,78 e 0,46 e de 0,14; 0,23 e 0,22 kg de MS/touceira, respectivamente, na primeira e segunda avaliações. Experimentos com parcelas repetidas devem ser conduzidos visando isolar os efeitos de meio dos efeitos genéticos. O cruzamento interespecífico mostrou-se promissor na geração de genótipos com porcentagem de MS adequada ao processo de ensilagem. Todos os tratamentos apresentaram potencial para liberar variabilidade nos caracteres avaliados, entretanto, o baixo índice de sobrevivência das progênies provenientes da autofecundação dificulta a obtenção de linhas puras.

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Silva, Álison Moreira da, Ananias Francisco Dias Júnior, Luis Filipe Cabral Cezario, José Otávio Brito, Azarias Machado de Andrade, and Natália Dias de Souza. "PIRÓLISE DA BIOMASSA DE GRAMÍNEAS PARA A OBTENÇÃO DE CARVÃO VEGETAL PULVERIZADO." ENERGIA NA AGRICULTURA 35, no. 3 (2020): 395–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.17224/energagric.2020v35n3p395-403.

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PIRÓLISE DA BIOMASSA DE GRAMÍNEAS PARA A OBTENÇÃO DE CARVÃO VEGETAL PULVERIZADO  ÁLISON MOREIRA DA SILVA1, ANANIAS FRANCISCO DIAS JÚNIOR1, LUIS FILIPE CABRAL CEZARIO1, JOSÉ OTÁVIO BRITO2, AZARIAS MACHADO DE ANDRADE3, NATÁLIA DIAS DE SOUZA3  1 Departamento de Ciências Florestais e da Madeira, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES), Av. Gov. Lindemberg, 316, Centro, 29.550-000 Jerônimo Monteiro, Espírito Santo, Brasil. alison_vni@hotmail.com; ananiasjr@usp.br; luisfilipecabral10@gmail.com. 2 Departamento de Ciências Florestais, Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz" (ESALQ-USP), Avenida Pádua Dias, 11, Caixa Postal 09, 13.418-900, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brasil. jobrito@usp.br 3 Departamento de Produtos Florestais, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ), Rod. BR 465, Km 07, 23.890-000, Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. azariasmachado@bol.com.br; natdias@hotmail.com  RESUMO: A busca por fontes alternativas aos combustíveis fósseis, visando à produção de energia é uma necessidade fundamental para o futuro do desenvolvimento econômico e sustentável do planeta. Os diversos resíduos da biomassa vegetal se destacam como atraentes alternativas energéticas. Este trabalho teve por objetivo analisar os rendimentos da pirólise do capim-elefante (Pennisetum purpureum) e da cana-de-açúcar (Saccharum spp.), bem como obter subsídios básicos que norteassem seleção de biomassas alternativas para a produção de carvão vegetal pulverizado. As biomassas utilizadas foram caracterizadas pelo teor de extrativos totais e o teor de lignina. Posteriormente, foram submetidas à pirólise até a temperatura máxima de 500°C, determinando em seguida os rendimentos em carvão vegetal, líquido pirolenhoso e de gases não condensáveis. Foram observados para Pennisetum purpureum teores de extrativos de 10,62%, enquanto que lignina, 18,21%. Para a Saccharum spp., foram encontrados 23,78% de extrativos e 15,29% de lignina. Em relação aos produtos oriundos da pirólise, Pennisetum purpureum obteve-se 35,63% de rendimento de carvão, enquanto que Saccharum spp. obteve 26,73%. Com base nos resultados obtidos, afirma-se a competência em rendimentos das biomassas pirolisadas, possibilitando sua inserção em siderurgias em forma de carvão pulverizado, como suplemento energético ao carvão vegetal de madeira “bitolado”.  Palavras-chave: cana-de-açúcar; capim-elefante; finos para ventaneira.  PYROLYSIS OF GRASS BIOMASS FOR SPRAYING CHARCOAL OBTATION  ABSTRACT: The search for alternative sources to fossil fuels, aiming at energy production, is a fundamental necessity for the future of the planet's economic and sustainable development. The various residues of plant biomass stand out as attractive energy alternatives. This work aimed to analyze the yields of elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) and sugar cane (Saccharum spp.) pyrolysis, as well as to obtain basic subsidies that guide the selection of alternative biomass for the production of pulverized charcoal. The biomass of each grass species was characterized by the analysis of total extractives content and lignin content. Subsequently, they were subjected to pyrolysis up to a maximum temperature of 500°C, followed by the yields of charcoal, pyroligneous liquid, and non-condensable gases. Pennisetum purpureum extract contents were 10,62%, while lignin 18,21%. For Saccharum spp., 23,78% extractives and 15,29% lignin was found. For pyrolysis products, Pennisetum purpureum obtained 35,63% coal yield, while Saccharum spp. obtained 26,73%. Based on the results obtained, it is stated the competence in yields of pyrolyzed biomass, enabling their insertion in pulverized coal steel mills, as an energy supplement to “bitolated” wood charcoal.  Keywords: sugar cane; elephant grass; thin for windshield.

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Niyi, Olowoyo D., Fadairo Ekaette Akpan, and Aziza Andrew Ejiro. "Concentration Dependent Effects of Green Inhibitors on Gravimetric Indices of Corrosion Linked Metal Integrity." Current World Environment 16, no. 1 (2021): 134–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/cwe.16.1.13.

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The use of plant phytochemicals as anti-corrosion agents is gaining widespread acceptance. This study was designed to evaluate the concentration dependent effects of green inhibitors from Pennisetum purpureum (elephant grass) Mangifera indica (mango leaves) and Heveabrasiliensis (rubber leaves) on some gravimetric indicators of corrosion linked metal stability. The material strength, weight loss, corrosion rate of the metal coupons and the inhibition efficiency of the green inhibitors were determined after 3 days. Our findings revealed a slight increase (p=0.05) in material strength (MS) of Pennisetum purpureum inhibitor treated - iron and steel at 100% inhibitor relative to their controls (minus Pennisetum purpureum -iron and steel coupons) and also relative to the (+Mangifera indica inhibitor and + Heveabrasiliensis -treated iron and steel coupons at 50% concentration. The material strength for P. purpureum-treated aluminium was slightly increased (p>0.05). There was also a slight decrease (p>0.05) in the weight loss of P. purpureum exposed iron coupon at a 100% inhibitor when compared to the controls, 50% P. purpureum exposed iron coupon and at 50 and 100% H. brasiliensis and M. indica-treated iron coupon in 15% acid medium. Pre-treatment of test metals with the combined green inhibitors at 50 and 100% concentration caused a significant (p≤0.05) decreases in weight loss and increases in material strength of all three test metals when compared to their respective inhibitor-free controls, and when treatment was done with a single green inhibitor. There was a slight decrease in the corrosion rate of iron, aluminium and steel coupons in acid medium treated with 50% P. purpureum inhibitor when compared to the same parameter of other green inhibitors evaluated in this study, albeit, the reduction was not significant (p>0.05). There was a further decreases (p≤0.05) in the corrosion rate of iron and steel when the combined green inhibitors at 100% concentration(+All green inhibitors (PAGI) at 100%) were used relative to when treatment was done using individual green inhibitors separately. The inhibition efficiency of the combined green inhibitors at 50% concentration on aluminium, iron and steel was 86% 57% and 60% respectively. While the treatment of the same coupons with combined inhibitors (+PAGI at100% concentration) increased the inhibition efficiency to 88% 75% and 74% for aluminium, iron and steel respectively. Overall, the study revealed the possible anti-corrosion effects of the extracts of H. brasiliensis, P. purpureum and M. indica on aluminium, iron and steel coupons and the synergism in anti-corrosion characteristics of these green inhibitors when combined. This study establishes the anticorrosion effects of H. brasiliensis, P. purpureum and M. indica extracts.

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Sajimin, Sajimin, and N. D. Purwantari. "EVALUATION PERFORMANCE OF THREE Pennisetum GENUS GROWN ON PINES FOREST IN LEMBANG, WEST JAVA." Pastura 8, no. 2 (2019): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/pastura.2019.v08.i02.p07.

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Pines are the largest tree forests in West of Java so that they are very potential to be developed as an agroforestry system. Forage crop potentially to be cultivated in the agroforestry system. The aim of the research was to study the response of the grasses grown under pines forest. The experiment was conducted at pines forest area arranged in randomized complete block design. The treatments were 3 grasses (Pennisetum purpureum cv. Taiwan, P. purpureum (local) and Pennisetum purpureophoides (king grass). Data collected were productivity, agronomic performance (plant height, tiller), forage production and quality. The result shows that shoot production of Taiwan cultivar was significantly higher than local P. purpureum. It was produced 498.4 g/clump on rainy season and 287.0 g/clump at dry season. At dry season forage production was decreased by 39,9%/ha. Nutrient composition at rainy season, crude fibre of grass was 39.89%; Ca 0.04%; P 0.26%; ash 12.46%; energy 4239.5 kcal/kg and crude protein 8.23%; while at the mid of dry season crude fibre was 38.43%; Ca 0.035%; P 0.26%; ash 11,43%; energy 3943 kcal/kg and crude protein 8.94%. Key words: pines, forestry, forage, production, quality

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Salazar-Zeledón, Estephanía, Roger Moya, and Jorre Valaert. "Biomass and Bioenergy Production of Arundo donax L., Pennisetum purpureum Schum. and Pennisetum purpureum Schumack. × Pennisetum glaucum L. in Short Rotation Cropping System in Costa Rica." Journal of Biobased Materials and Bioenergy 9, no. 6 (2015): 572–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jbmb.2015.1562.

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Okaraonye, C. C., and J. C. Ikewuchi. "Nutritional and Antinutritional Components of Pennisetum purpureum (Schumach)." Pakistan Journal of Nutrition 8, no. 1 (2008): 32–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/pjn.2009.32.34.

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Ohimain, Elijah. "Bioenergy Potentials of Elephant Grass, Pennisetum purpureum Schumach." Annual Research & Review in Biology 4, no. 13 (2014): 2215–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/arrb/2014/8722.

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Revati, R., M. S. Abdul Majid, M. J. M. Ridzuan, M. Normahira, N. F. Mohd Nasir, and E. M. Cheng. "Biodegradation of PLA-Pennisetum purpureum based biocomposite scaffold." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 908 (October 2017): 012029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/908/1/012029.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Pennisetum purpurem'

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