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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Penny stocks

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Academic literature on the topic 'Penny stocks'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 27 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Penny stocks"

1

Urbański, Stanisław. "The Influence of Penny Stocks on the Pricing of Companies Quoted on theWarsaw Stock Exchange in the Context of the ICAPM." Kwartalnik Kolegium Ekonomiczno-Społecznego. Studia i Prace 3, no. 3 (December 13, 2015): 75–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.33119/kkessip.2015.3.3.6.

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The paper attempts to explain the impact of penny stock on pricing in light ofthe ICAPM as stock exchanges introduce restrictions on penny stocks trading.The study is conducted using stocks listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange (WSE)between 1995–2012. The systematic risk and risk prices components are simulated by two chosen ICAPM applications, using different procedures of portfolio construction.The main market WSE stocks are sorted into queintile portfolios usingtwo procedures. It is assumed that elimination of penny stocks contributes to morecorrect pricing, observed with ICAPM validity, however only when simulatingalgorithm uses appropriate construction of tested portfolios. The tests were carriedout in four modes. All WSE stocks were analyzed in mode 1. Penny stockswith market values lower than 1.50, 5.00 and 10.00 PLN were excluded from thestudy in modes 2, 3 and 4. The analysis indicates that the results are in line withthe extended conjectures.

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Urbański, Stanisław, Paweł Jawor, and Kacper Urbański. "The Impact Of Penny Stocks On The Pricing Of Companies Listed On The Warsaw Stock Exchange In Light Of The CAPM." Folia Oeconomica Stetinensia 14, no. 2 (December 1, 2014): 163–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/foli-2015-0015.

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Abstract Oryginality and objective – Research on the pricing of stocks listed on developed markets shows inexplicable deviation from the pricing that could be observed with CAPM validity. A similar anomaly is found on the Polish market. Reasons for inconsistent pricing with CAPM are unknown, and they are the main objective of this research. Method – The study is conducted using stocks listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange in 1995–2012. Quintile stock portfolios are formed on the basis of strategies widely used by investors. The study is carried out in several modes. In the subsequent modes penny stocks with the market values below 0.5, 1.5, 5.0 and 15.0 PLN are eliminated. Results – It is conjectured that both penny stocks and improper procedures for the test portfolios forming contribute to inconsistent stock pricing in light of the CAPM. The studies show that results are in line with the extended conjectures. Also, study results indicate that speculative stocks are mostly penny stocks, however, it is not possible to explicitly state that penny stock are speculative.

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Begum, S. Shabana, and Dr N. Kasiviswanath. "Recommending System for Penny Stock Trading." International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology 9, no. 1s5 (December 30, 2019): 85–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijeat.a1024.1291s519.

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Penny stocks at times makes the investors wealthy by turning to be a multi-bagger stocks or erode the wealth of the investors with poor performance in volatile conditions. While there are many machine learning-based prediction models that are used for stock price evaluation, very few studies have focused on the dynamics to be considered in penny stock conditions. Though the pattern might remain the same for normal stocks and the penny stock classification, still some of the parameters to be evaluated in the process needs changes. The model discussed in this report is a comprehensive solution discussed as scope for evaluation of the penny stock pick, using trading and reporting financial metrics. Experimental study of the test data indicates that the model is potential and if can be used effectively with reinforcement learning pattern, it can turn to be sustainable solution.

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Konku, Daniel, and Vivek Bhargava. "IPO underpricing and their determinants: penny stocks versus non-penny stocks." Afro-Asian J. of Finance and Accounting 3, no. 1 (2012): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/aajfa.2012.046333.

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Huang, Wei, and George J. Jiang. "Big Fish in a Small Pond: Institutional Trading of Penny Stocks." Quarterly Journal of Finance 10, no. 02 (March 6, 2020): 2050005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010139220500056.

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There has been a steady increase in institutional ownership of penny stocks over the past decades. Nevertheless, we show that penny stocks bought by institutional investors significantly underperform other penny stocks in subsequent four quarters. This poor performance is mainly driven by quasi-indexers, i.e., institutions with passive and widely diversified investment strategies. In comparison, dedicated institutions, i.e., those with low turnover but large average investments in portfolio firms and a commitment to “relationship investing”, have marginally significant ability in trading penny stocks.

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Ahn, Jaeouk, and Kaywon Lee. "Portfolio Performance using Penny Stocks." Korean Academic Association of Business Administration 29, no. 3 (March 31, 2016): 489–505. http://dx.doi.org/10.18032/kaaba.2016.29.3.489.

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R. Nofsinger, John, and Abhishek Varma. "Pound wise and penny foolish? OTC stock investor behavior." Review of Behavioral Finance 6, no. 1 (September 2, 2014): 2–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rbf-12-04-02.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore some commonly held beliefs about individuals investing in over-the-counter (OTC) stocks (those traded on Over-the-counter Bulletin Board (OTCBB) and Pink Sheets), a fairly pervasive activity. The authors frame the analysis within the context of direct gambling, aspirational preferences in behavioral portfolios, and private information. Design/methodology/approach – Contrary to popular perceptions, the modeling of the deliberate act of buying OTC stocks at a discount brokerage house finds that unlike the typical lottery buyers/gamblers, OTC investors are older, wealthier, more experienced at investing, and display greater portfolio diversification than their non-OTC investing counterparts. Findings – Behavioral portfolio investors (Shefrin and Statman, 2000) invest their money in layers, each of which corresponds to an aspiration or goal. Consistent with sensation seeking and aspirations in behavioral portfolios, OTC investors also display higher trading activity. Penny stocks seem to have different characteristics and trading behavior than other OTC stocks priced over one dollar. Irrespective of the price of OTC stocks, the authors find little evidence of information content in OTC trades. Originality/value – The paper provides insight into individual investor decision making by empirically exploring the demographic and portfolio characteristics of individuals trading in OTC stocks.

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Lo, Kar Kei, and Michael Chau. "A Penny Is Worth a Thousand? Investigating the Relationship Between Social Media and Penny Stocks." ACM Transactions on Management Information Systems 9, no. 4 (March 12, 2019): 1–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3309704.

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Shafer, Aaron BA, Corey S. Davis, David W. Coltman, and Robert EA Stewart. "Microsatellite assessment of walrus (Odobenus rosmarus rosmarus) stocks in Canada." NAMMCO Scientific Publications 9 (December 15, 2014): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.7557/3.2607.

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Walruses in Canada are currently subdivided into seven stocks based on summering areas; Western Jones Sound (WJS), Baffin Bay (BB), Penny Strait-Lancaster Sound (PS-LS), North Foxe Basin (N-FB), Central Foxe Basin (C-FB), Hudson Bay Davis Strait (HB-DS) and Southern and Eastern Hudson Bay (SE-HB). In this study, walrus were sampled from six of the seven stocks (SE-HB samples were not available) and genotyped at 10 microsatellite loci. All stocks were genetically diverse (average heterozygosity of 0.58) with no evidence of inbreeding (average FIS of 0.03). We detected significant genetic differentiation among the stocks and a pattern of genetic spatial autocorrelation that suggests a moderate effect of geographic distance on gene flow among stocks. Bayesian clustering suggested the six recognized stocks were elements of two larger genetic clusters - a northern Arctic population (containing BB, WJS, and PS-LS stocks) and a central Arctic population (containing C-FB, N-FB, and HB-DS stocks). These populations are moderately differentiated (FST = 0.07), but based on evidence of contemporary movement from assignment tests, are not completely isolated. There was support for maintaining the WJS stock and a combined BB+PS-LS stock, although the latter conclusion is based on a small sample size. Similarly, there was some evidence suggesting separation of the Foxe Basin stocks from the HB-DS but not the N-FB from the C-FB stock. However, given that there are morphological and chemical differences between N-FB and C-FB stocks, there is currently insufficient evidence to support a revision of the current stock designations.

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조정현. "Case Study on the Accounting Fraud of Penny Stocks." Korea International Accounting Review ll, no. 72 (April 2017): 133–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.21073/kiar.2017..72.006.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Penny stocks"

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Chang, Ka-wing Tania. "The penny stock crisis in Hong Kong /." View the Table of Contents & Abstract, 2005. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31362333.

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Chiu, Pit-lap Philip. "New stock delisting mechanism in HK." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2003. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31954662.

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Chang, Ka-wing Tania, and 張嘉穎. "The penny stock crisis in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2005. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45012404.

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Chiu, Pit-lap Philip, and 趙必立. "New stock delisting mechanism in HK." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2003. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31954662.

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Lüsch, Fredrik. "Aftermarket Performance of Micro-Capitalized Initial Public Offerings." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-145169.

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The aftermarket stock price performance of micro-capitalized IPOs with penny stock status is an often-neglected subsample in the IPO research literature. As the markets in which these IPOs are often traded are subject to lower listing and disclosure requirements, there is a higher degree of asymmetrical information between issuers and investors than on more regulated exchanges. Another characteristic of micro-capitalized IPOs is the investor base, which is dominated by retail, or irrational, investors, causing the aftermarket trading to be driven by irrational behavior. With this in mind, this paper studies 139 IPOs made on the Swedish fringe marketplace Aktietorget, over the period 2007-2015, and their 15 months’ aftermarket price performance. The study adopts an event time approach to compare the returns on the IPOs to returns on a market index used as benchmark. Using a Student’s t-test and a Wilcoxon signed rank test, there are no conclusive evidence of abnormal returns that would question the Efficient Market Hypothesis. Results from multiple linear regression models, evaluating IPO price performance over a 15-month period, provide evidence for positive hot period and hot industry effects, and negative underpricing and offer price effects. Furthermore, a positive effect of post-issue company market value is evident for 3-, 6- and 12-months aftermarket periods. This paper provides evidence of return predictability of micro-capitalized IPOs using factors surrounding the IPO date, but requests additional evidence from other geographical samples, with precise definitions of normal returns.

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Choi, In Suk. "Intra-Industry Effects of the Ten Largest United States Bank Failures: Evidence from the Capital Markets." Thesis, North Texas State University, 1987. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc330923/.

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This study examines the differential effect of each of the ten largest bank failures on shareholders' wealth of non-failed banks over the period from 1973 through 1984. It examines how contagion and information effects of major bank failures have changed over time. FDIC policy for settling failures has important implications for system stability, and has changed over time. This study's purpose is to provide empirical evidence on the effects of FDIC policy. The FDIC's handling of the Penn Square failure signaled a policy shift and offers a unique opportunity to examine changes in market reactions to large bank failures. The literature on the capital market effects of major bank failures provides limited evidence on the impact of bank failures and related FDIC policy. Most fail to discriminate between contagion and information effects, and conduct analysis on one (or a few) bank failure(s) in the mid-1970s using traditional event study methodology. This study considers multivariate regression (MVRM) an appropriate methodology for bank failures which are likely to have simultaneous impact on non-failed banks. MVRM, which accounts for contemporaneous cross-sectional dependence of residuals, has three advantages over standard residual analysis: no "event clustering" problem, multiple hypotheses tests, and computational efficiency. This study uses daily stock-return data for fifty-one non-failed commercial banks. For each bank failure, the non-failed banksare grouped into three portfolios: "information-related," "large," and "small." The impact on each portfolio is tested for an average effect and joint hypotheses on excess return. This study offers evidence on no contagion effects and lack of information effects before Penn Square, strong information effects since Penn Square, contagion effects in post-Penn Square failures, and capital market discipline on large banks since Penn Square. There has been a change in the nature of the impact of bank failures since Penn Square.

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Books on the topic "Penny stocks"

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Leeds, Peter, ed. Invest in Penny Stocks. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119200963.

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Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service, ed. Penny stocks: Legal issues. [Washington, D.C.]: Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress, 1987.

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Giangregorio, Dominic P. The penny stock millionaire: Fortunes in mini-stocks. [United States]: Xlibris, 2008.

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Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service, ed. Penny stocks: Legal issues and background. [Washington, D.C.]: Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress, 1990.

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5

Sykes, Timothy, writer of introduction, ed. The complete penny stock course: Learn how to generate profits consistently by trading penny stocks. Miami, FL: Millionaire Publishing, 2018.

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W, Kromer George, ed. Penny stocks: How to profit with low-priced stocks. Columbia, Md: PennyStock News, 1986.

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Bishop, Bob. The investor's guide to penny mining stocks. Alexandria, Va: KCI Communications, 1987.

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Making dollars with pennies: How the small investor can beat the wizards on Wall Street. Madison, Ind: Marathon International Book Co., 1998.

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The little black book of microcap investing: Beat Wall Street with NASDAQ/AMEX, microcap stocks, OTCBB penny stocks, and pink sheet stocks. Germantown, MD: Greek Financial Services, 2006.

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Lynne, Vellinga Mary, ed. Keys to risks and rewards of penny stocks. New York: Barron's, 1990.

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Book chapters on the topic "Penny stocks"

1

"The Big Business of Penny Stocks: Penny Stocks are Big Business." In Invest in Penny Stocks, 1–14. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119200963.ch1.

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"Getting Started in Penny Stocks." In Invest in Penny Stocks, 15–23. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119200963.ch2.

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"About the Author." In Invest in Penny Stocks, 189. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119200963.about.

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"Acknowledgments." In Invest in Penny Stocks, 187. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119200963.ack.

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"Conclusion: The Way of Penny Stocks." In Invest in Penny Stocks, 183–85. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119200963.both1.

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"Get More from Peter Leeds!" In Invest in Penny Stocks, 191–92. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119200963.both2.

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"Avoid Your Rough Start: My Rocky Start." In Invest in Penny Stocks, 25–50. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119200963.ch3.

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"Leeds Analysis: What Leeds Analysis Can Do." In Invest in Penny Stocks, 51–58. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119200963.ch4.

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"Third Level Analysis: Welcome To Third Level Analysis." In Invest in Penny Stocks, 59–70. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119200963.ch5.

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"Fundamental Analysis: The Importance Of Fundamentals." In Invest in Penny Stocks, 71–124. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119200963.ch6.

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Conference papers on the topic "Penny stocks"

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Ginting, Josep, Maria Yus Trinity Irsan, and Muara Lysta Sirait. "Detection models on penny stocks." In INTELLIGENT BIOTECHNOLOGIES OF NATURAL AND SYNTHETIC BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES: XIV Narochanskie Readings. AIP Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0177647.

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Stummann, Simon, Daniel Pohl, Peter Jeschke, Hannes Wolf, Alexander Halcoussis, and Matthias Franke. "Secondary Flow in Variable Stator Vanes With Penny-Cavities." In ASME Turbo Expo 2017: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2017-63771.

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This paper presents a description of Detached Eddy Simulations being carried out on a variable stator vane with a penny-cavity in order to determine the secondary flow phenomena in the main flowpath. Variable stator vanes are common in multi-stage compressors to prevent flow separations on rotor and stator blades at off-design operation points. The bearing of the stators at hub and tip generate unavoidable circular-shaped ring gaps, which are called penny-cavities. The aim of this paper is to determine secondary flow phenomena in variable stator vanes on an annular cascade testbed resulting from the throughflow of the penny-cavities. Reynolds-Averaged-Navier-Stokes simulations and scale resolving Detached-Eddy-Simulations of a variable stator vane with hub penny-cavity were therefore performed using Ansys CFX. The results of these simulations will be compared to corresponding simulations without penny-cavity. The study shows secondary flow phenomena, which are comparable to the interaction of a transverse jet in a free stream. Due to the low momentum ratio of R = 0.5, the jet immediately veers in the direction of the main flow. The typical vortices which develop from a transverse jet in a free stream are identified. The steady RANS simulation shows an asymmetrical counter-rotating vortex pair. A lack of unsteady secondary flow interaction can be seen in the RANS simulations in contrast to the Detached-Eddy-Simulations, which resolve large turbulent scales. Hence an interaction between the counter-rotating vortex pair and the unsteady shear layer vortices in the stator is visible. In the Detached Eddy Simulations the counter-rotating vortex pair is superimposed by the unsteady shear-layer vortices. The vortices produce significant additional mixing losses, which will be shown in detail. By comparing simulations with and without penny-cavity, the penny-cavity losses are quantified. In conclusion, this paper will help design engineers become more aware of the significance of the penny-cavity with variable stator vanes.

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Wolf, Hannes, Matthias Franke, Alexander Halcoussis, Christophe Kleinclaus, and Sébastien Gautier. "Investigation of Penny Leakage Flows of Variable Guide Vanes in High Pressure Compressors." In ASME Turbo Expo 2016: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2016-56327.

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In this paper, the modelling of leakages through a compressor stator penny cavity, and their effect on the aerodynamics within the compressor are studied. The penny, sometimes also referred to as ‘button’, is the cylindrical platform feature of a variable stator normally found between a vane’s airfoil and spindle. The pennies nominally lie recessed into the compressor endwalls at hub and casing, with a surrounding clearance to ensure the vane’s stagger angle can be adjusted. RANS-simulations, with these clearances included, have shown a significant impact from the penny cavity leakages on compressor efficiency and surge line. Neglecting this secondary flow path through the penny cavities results in an under prediction of the losses close to the endwalls. The prediction of the penny cavity effect on the stator row is based on a Reynolds-Averaged-Navier-Stokes (RANS) study, using a hybrid structured-unstructured mesh to provide adequate resolution of the local flow phenomena. The complex geometry and pressure field result in flows that are unevenly distributed within the penny cavity. The outflow or leakage is focused in a concentrated area leading to a high local velocity that strongly impacts the stator losses and turning. Since such geometries lie beyond the normal validated cases, the modelling uncertainties are discussed and the plausibility of the results is checked. In order to provide an experimental database and validate the turbulent mixing of leakage and main flow, which is seen as the main contributor to loss production, a validation test case — ‘Jet-In-Crossflow’ was chosen. As well as the standard RANS code, this validation case was run as a time-accurate high-order Lattice Boltzmann (LBM) simulation (PowerFLOW), using Very-Large-Eddy-Simulation (VLES) turbulence modelling. The LBM simulation showed significant unsteady flow features and was considerably closer to the test data than the RANS calculations. A future test campaign, currently being prepared at the annular cascade test facility of the Institute of Jet Propulsion and Turbomachinery (IST) at RWTH Aachen university, will be briefly presented. This focuses on investigating the penny flows in a typical engine design.

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Luo, J., and B. Lakshminarayana. "Three-Dimensional Navier-Stokes Computation of Turbine Nozzle Flow With Advanced Turbulence Models." In ASME 1995 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/95-gt-302.

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A three-dimensional Navier-Stokes procedure has been used to compute the three-dimensional viscous flow through the turbine nozzle passage of a single stage turbine. A low Reynolds number k-ε model and a zonal k-ε/ARSM (algebraic Reynolds stress model) are utilized for turbulence closure. The algebraic Reynolds stress model is used only in the endwall region to represent the anisotropy of turbulence. A four-stage Runge-Kutta scheme is used for time-integration of both the mean-flow and the turbulence transport equations. For the turbine nozzle flow, comprehensive comparisons between the predictions and the experimental data obtained at Penn State show that most features of the vortex-dominated endwall flow, as well as nozzle wake structure, have been captured well by the numerical procedure. An assessment of the performance of the turbulence models has been carried out The two models are found to provide similar predictions for the mean flow parameters, although slight improvement in the prediction of some secondary flow quantities has been obtained by the ARSM model.

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Mead, Phillip G. "Positive Psychology as a New Lens for Architecture." In 108th Annual Meeting Proceedings. ACSA Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.am.108.75.

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Since 2006, four books claim architecture’s ability to increase our happiness or well-being: The Architecture of Happiness in 2006, Happy City in 2013, The Blue Zones of Happiness in 2017, and A Place to be Happy in 2018. One is written by a philosopher and one by an architect practitioner, but none by academic architectural theorists or environmental psychologists. None of these books meaningfully reference key concepts of happiness found in the history of philosophy. What is missing from these books, and the architectural profession’s writings about well-being, is a more rigorous academic framework drawn from Positive Psychology’s findings on well-being/happiness. In particular, the conditions laid out by the movement’s founder, Martin Seligman of Penn, who between 2002-2011 laid out five pillars of wellbeing and flourishing: Positive Emotions, Engagement/Flow, Relationships, Meaning/Purpose, and Achievement. These conditions along with other psychological concepts such as Resilience and Strengths appear to resonate well with classic architectural texts. This paper takes stock of architectural texts since the 1800’s that claim that architecture can deliver pleasure, happiness, meaning, etc. The paper also takes stock of the limited evidence that supports their assertions. Here the writings of Ruskin, Le Corbusier, Norberg Schultz, Alexander, and Pallasmaa among others are examined for how well they resonate with Positive Psychology’s findings and principles.

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Deore, Neal, Forrest Mobley, and James Coder. "Computational Analysis of Coaxial Rotor Hub and Sail Fairing Wake." In Vertical Flight Society 79th Annual Forum & Technology Display. The Vertical Flight Society, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4050/f-0079-2023-17994.

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A computational study is conducted for coaxial rotor hubs with a sail fairing to characterize its downstream wake and surface forces. The flow conditions and grids are based on experimental tests performed at the Penn State Applied Research Lab (ARL) Water Tunnel at appropriate Reynolds numbers. Grid development for the rotor hubs and sail fairing is done using Pointwise v18.0R1 and Chimera Grid Tools. Simulations are performed using NASA's OVERFLOW 2.4b Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes solver. The drag forces on the rotor hubs are computed and compared to previous computational studies and experimental results. The drag forces are similar to previous computational studies but still do not match experimental results. The streamwise, spanwise, and vertical velocity components of the wake have been visualized, analyzed, and compared to experimental results. Further work is needed to analyze frequency content and Reynolds stresses.

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Min, Byung-Young, Kalki Sharma, Charles Berezin, Peter Lorber, and Brian Wake. "Coaxial Hub Drag Correlation With Water-Tunnel Model Using Two Flow Solvers." In Vertical Flight Society 79th Annual Forum & Technology Display. The Vertical Flight Society, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4050/f-0079-2023-17987.

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Current paper summarizes a correlation study of two flow solvers (CREATE-AV™ Helios and STAR-CCM+), routinely used at Sikorsky, with the spinning coaxial hub drag and flow field measurements conducted by Penn State University at the 12' diameter water tunnel. The Helios modeling approach was aiming for a high fidelity accurate simulation, whereas the STAR-CCM+ modeling approach was aiming for a fast turn-around time with reasonable solution accuracy with a relatively coarse mesh and simplification. The two solvers generally agreed well with the test data within reasonable accuracy and captured the drag trend between two shaft fairing configurations. Impact of turbulence model selection (Spalart-Allmaras Detached Eddy Simulation and Spalart-Allmaras Reynolds-Averaged-Navier-Stokes model) has been demonstrated. The RANS model generally delayed separation and resulted in lower drag. The STAR-CCM+ runs simulated both air and water at matching Reynolds number and showed good agreement between the drag results for the two mediums. Also, the importance of accurate representation of geometric details including gaps, shafts, and holes is highlighted.

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Mobley, Forrest, and James Coder. "Computational Analysis of a Model Coaxial Rotor Hub Wake." In Vertical Flight Society 78th Annual Forum & Technology Display. The Vertical Flight Society, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4050/f-0078-2022-17568.

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A model counter-rotating coaxial rotor hub in free-air was simulated using computational fluid dynamics as a comparison against experimental results. The simulation is performed using NASA's OVERFLOW 2.3d Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes solver, and flow conditions are based on experiments performed in the 12-inch diameter water tunnel at ARL Penn State. Surface forces were examined, and harmonics in this data were computed and analyzed. The turbulent wake of the rotor hub was analyzed using frequency content as well as turbulent quantities related to the production and transport of turbulent kinetic energy. The lift spectrum showed different dominant frequencies for each counter-rotating hub, and the drag spectrum showed the expected dominant frequency for both parts of the hub. Frequency content of the velocity components in the wake showed positional biases towards the advancing side of each hub, opposing the results from past analyses of similar single rotor hubs. Reynolds stresses showed similar positional biases, and were also consistently concentrated in relatively small areas within the wake. The individual wakes of the hubs did not show signs of interaction until the far wake.

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Sezer-Uzol, Nilay, Anirudh Modi, Lyle N. Long, and Paul E. Plassmann. "Visualizing Computational Simulation Results Using Virtual Reality Technology." In ASME/JSME 2003 4th Joint Fluids Summer Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2003-45196.

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The visualization of computational simulations of complex physical problems using virtual reality technology is demonstrated in this study. A general-purpose computational steering system (POSSE) which can be coupled to any C/C++ simulation code, has been developed and tested with a 3-D parallel Navier-Stokes flow solver (PUMA2) [1]. In addition, the visualizations can be displayed using virtual reality facilities (such as CAVEs and RAVEs) to better understand the 3-D nature of the flowfields. The simulations can be run on parallel computers such as Beowulf clusters, while the visualization is performed on other computers, through a client-server approach. A key advantage of our system is its scalability. Visualization primitives are generated on the parallel computer. This is essential for large-scale simulations, since it is often not possible to post-process the entire flowfield on a single computer due to memory and speed constraints. Example applications of time-dependent and three-dimensional computational flow simulations performed at Penn-State are presented to show the usefulness of POSSE and virtual reality systems. The examples include CFD predictions for unsteady simulations of a helicopter rotor, unsteady ship airwake simulations, helicopter tail fan-in-fin flow simulations and simulations of time-accurate flow and noise due to a landing gear.

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Tallman, James A. "A Computational Study of Tip Desensitization in Axial Flow Turbines: Part 1 — Baseline Turbine Computations and Comparisons With Measurement." In ASME Turbo Expo 2004: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2004-53918.

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This study used Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) to investigate modified turbine blade tip shapes as a means of reducing the leakage flow and vortex. The subject of this study was the single-stage experimental turbine facility at Penn State University, with scaled three-dimensional geometry representative of a modern high-pressure stage. To validate the numerical procedure, the rotor flowfield was first computed with no modification to the tip, and the results compared with measurements of the flowfield. The flow was then predicted for a variety of different tip shapes: first with coarse grids for screening purposes and then with more refined grids for final verification of preferred tip geometries. Part 1 of this two-part paper focuses on the turbine case description, numerical procedure, baseline flat-tip computations, and comparison of the baseline results with measurement. A Runge-Kutta time-marching CFD solver (ADPAC) was used to solve the Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes equations. Two-equation turbulence modeling with low Reynolds number adjustments was used for closure. The baseline rotor flowfield was computed twice: with a moderately sized mesh (720,000 nodes) and also with a much more refined mesh (7.2 million nodes). Both solutions showed good agreement with previously taken measurements of the rotor flowfield, including five-hole probe measurements of the velocity and total pressure inside the passage, as well as pressure measurements on the blade and casing surfaces.

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