Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Pensée et preuve'
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Dzimira, Sylvain. "La preuve par le don : Marcel Mauss et son héritage MAUSSien." Paris 10, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA100164.
Full textWe aim : 1) to show a large coherence between the scientific project of Mauss as is formulated in his " essais sur le don " and his ethical-political project in favor of democratic and associational socialism ; 2) to show that the MAUSS - le Mouvement anti-utilitariste dans les sciences sociales - is the worthy heir ; 3) and that therefore the Maussian paradigm of the donation is superior in principle to the paradigms of the “école de la régulation”, of the “économie des conventions”, and of the supporters of a solidarity economy, or rather is the point of convergence and truth
Mathieu, Louise. "Descartes et la question de Dieu : la place et la fonction de l'idée de Dieu dans la pensée cartésienne." Dijon, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004DIJOL022.
Full textDescartes declare on several occasions want to defend God, to fight impious persons, bring to infidels and persons who turn away church, the proof about the existence of God but also give them sound doctrine on transsubstantiation, divine liberty, God, eternals thruths. He says also speak about Infiny only for subject himself and speak about with great dignity. Lastly, he’s forever repeating that he look for the truth in the things for to go with insurance in this existence. For that, it obtains a method and will try to find the proof of the existence of God not in the world, i. E. In the empirical experiment, nor in the Scriptures which he however considers higher than his thoughts, but in his spirit. Only, by this step where the reason starts to conceptualize the name of the transcendence and to want to subject it to his diktat, Descartes is not, according to us, more speaking about God of the Bible but to work out an subject-object of the metaphysics which has the name of God but who is not God. All in all, while bringing his own conception, while protesting his christianity and his respect for the religion of his childhood (catholicism), one should do to wonder about his philosophy as much as on the man who was Descartes. Can Descartes think himself christian and to insist on his love of God, in his writings, when Christ misses of his philosophy and that his “théodicée” is reduced only to some lines in the meditations three and six ? What Descartes look for ? To affirm his belief in God for better subjecting himself to him ? To prove the existence of God with an aim of making him a solid base for his new philosophy, which does include a physics as well as a metaphysics or to work out his own "metaphysical subject-object" ? The intentions of the author, sincere or not, did they show, through his attempts to present doctrines coherent and acceptable on God, the impossibility of saying anything truth and valid on God that the sacred Texts tell to us ? The only proof of the existence of God who prevails isn't is the fact that the Christ who is God and the miracles so that we can finally believe that God is love and that his is alive?
Fezzani, Feriel. "Les neurosciences en tant que moyen de preuve : Ou les implications juridiques de l’utilisation judiciaire des neurosciences." Thesis, Paris 2, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA020006.
Full textThe introduction into French law of neurosciences techniques –also called brain sciences- as a means of proof, causes different problems. As neuroscientific techniques progress, allowing us to get closer to the “truth”, carrying the hope of perfect proof, these techniques contradict the principles that founded our system of law. On the one hand, the evidence by the neurosciences proposes to be an intrusion of the human brain, which conflicts in particular with the principles of dignity, of loyalty, and in criminal law, of defendant’s rights. The present study aims to identify the incompatibilities between the acceptance of neuroscience as a means of proof and the rules governing the administration of evidence. In this sense, we were interested in the admissibility of the evidence from neuroscience techniques, and propose to outline the guarantees that could be implemented to make acceptable the use of neuroscience techniques as evidence, by perpetuating the current principles of process. On the other hand, by the possible proof of the absence of free will or even of a lack of performance of the employee, neuroscience invite to question the probative content brought by these techniques. In this sense, the present study was interested in the probative value of the neurosciences as it exists and as it can be interpreted today, and sets out to circumscribe the probative uses which must be admitted
Fonck-Maréchal, Béatrice. "L'intellectuel et la politique d'après José Ortega Y Gasset dans ses articles de presse hispanique 1914-1931." Paris 10, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA100056.
Full textFrom March 1914 to April 1931, José Ortega y Gasset has used the press either Spanish or from Latin America to express himself as a philosopher on Spain's political turmoil's, ending up with the fall of the monarchy within the political environment of Europe, including First World War, the Bolshevik Revolution and the raising of dictatorships. It is the ambition of this study to show from a thoroughly analysis of those press articles, how Ortega y Gasset has lived this always tumultuous relationship between the intellectual and politics. It details all specifics of this commitment in politics and makes clear he has always been involved even he has acted in a contradictorily way. This analysis appears specially in his talk showing a coded language dictated by the censorship. This research tries to reval the various complication of the political context, particularly in the building of the Ortega y Gasset thought about main themes like generation, minority and masses, nationalisation. Moreover, his thought shows as an irreductible will of control and impartiality despite the contraints of the History. Two of annexes close this research: first a chronology of 602 articles classified in his press writing and complete work, stressing on his unpublished
Deheuvels, Luc-Willy. "Islam et pensée contemporaine en Algérie : la revue "Al-Asâla" (1971-1981)." Paris 4, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA040111.
Full textTétart, Philippe. ""France observateur" : 1950-1964 : histoire d'un courant de pensée intellectuel." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995IEPP0021.
Full textApril 1950, the 13th: France observateur, a new weekly, brings out. His creators (Gilles Martinet, Claude Bourdet and Roger Stéphane) want to build a place for political thought, discussion and contest. Almost no one believes in their chances of succeeding. Nevertheless, few years later France observateur imposes itself and its name becomes quickly greater in the left's history under the fourth Republic. At first neutralist and anticolonialist, proud of its socialism, the weekly fight against the war in Indochina, against the European Defense Community, against the Algerian war. It antagonizes De Gaulle in 1958 and interferes on all the burning subjects of current affairs. But, France observateur also is - or firstly - a political title which assists the "news lefts" development from the creation of the CAGI (1950) to the PSU's one (1960). So, it plays a fundamental part in the renewal of French socialism. Lastly, it's an important place for intellectual thought and it's a cultural educator for several political generations. Briefly, foreshadower of a new political and intellectual style in the history of French lefts, France observateur - for the historian - is a various subject borrowing to political history, ideas history, history of intellectuals, history of press and cultural history. This is its first interest : this newspaper couldn't be considered as a frozen subject belonging to a narrow category of contemporary historiography
Kim, Hyung-Kil. "De l'art de persuader dans les "Pensées" de Pascal." Aix-Marseille 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989AIX10055.
Full textIn the Pensées, Pascal applied the theory of the art of persuasion which he explained in a fragment of the pamphlet, de l'art de persuader. The art of persuasion consists in applying the method of persuasion to the addresse as well as to the subject matter of the persuasion. This art is divided into two parts : "the art of pleasing" and "the art of convincing" which is a transformation of the method of geometrical demonstrations. According to his theory, the Pensées, which constitutes the sketch of a christian apology, focuses on two central themes : "the man without god", who is the addressee of the apologist, and "the christian religion", which is the subject matter of the persuasion. In the development of these two themes, Pascal applies "the method of apology" which is identified with his method of persuasion. In the Pensées as well as in the pamphlet, Pascal determines the limits of his method with regard to the "divine verities". The originality of this thesis lies in the demonstration that Pascal's theory of persuasion was put into practice in the Pensées
Koman, Mohammed Ali. "La recherche de la preuve en matiere penale. Etude comparee du droit francais et des droits des pays arabe du golfe." Poitiers, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993POIT3003.
Full textProving facts requires a stringent approach two series of elements enter into account. The first ones linked to the investigator who must have a considerable freedom of action. The principle of the liberty of the evidence allows him to, besides the abuse is slowed down by the loyolty principle. The latter more particulary concern the defendant, the person against whom the facts will have to be proved. The defendant benefits from a strong presomption of innocence and from a set of rules aimed to protect him the better as possible from his own declarations, along with these from other people or the specific interpretation of the clues
Schwarz, Francis. "Les sociétés de rédacteurs en France : actions et pensées d'un mouvement démocratique pour la presse quotidienne (des origines à nos jours)." Bordeaux 3, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991BOR30024.
Full textMore than any other citizen, the journalist is concerned with freedom. He holds certain keys to liberty and his social responsabilites are paramount in a democracy. The hypothesis that we tried to prove in this thesis is that freedom of press and the public right to information - in order to be defended and consolidated - need to be truly assumed by professionals. These professionals are the teams of newsmen and the journalist'societies. We must cleary define their role, gal, funtiun, social mission as well as their obligation, duty and responsability. Is this work - which has been achieved thanks to the help of leaders of the federation francaise des soietes de journalistes we bring elements that tend, inparticular, to demonstrate the following, it is urgent to create a statute for the press and a code for an efficient deontology since the journalists are highly relying on the power of money, i. E. , the market economy
Pérez, Romero Emilia. "Emilia Pardo Bazán : journaliste entre littérature et presse (1876-1921)." Thesis, Tours, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010TOUR2016.
Full textIn this essay, we analyse the journalistic work of Emilia Pardo Bazán, a facet of her intense literary activity which has been scarcely studied. Her reputation as an author of fiction has overshadowed this journalistic career to which she has devoted herself for forty-five years, contributing to different newspapers, as a magazine director, correspondent or founder and only editor of the Nuevo Teatro Crítico… Through the study of these activities and of her journalistic writings we analyse the place that the press occupies in her work and, more generally, the role which this woman plays in Spanish journalism at the passage from the 19th to the 20th centuries. We appreciate to what extent her identity as a writer is built up in relation to her journalistic experience, how her discourse feeds on these two writing modalities and, consequently, which is the connection between her literary creation and her journalistic production
HAFID, ACHOUR. "L'alcool au volant. ( etude comparee des droits francais et algerien )." Poitiers, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989POIT3001.
Full textAlcohol is both divine and diabolic. If it simetimes brings pleasure, it is more often a cause of problems, it awakes in man the most latent urges. It leads to aggressiveness. It kills. It kills people at work and mostly on the road where it has become one of the main factors of insecurity. It's actually causing one third of road accidents. Drunk drivers constitute a phenomenon which has attracted the attention of public authorities for a long time. This attention is exemplitied by the laudable interventions of the legislator who prompts drivers to sobriety and, should the case arise, punishes their intemperance. So, driving under the effect of alcohol is forbidden and it constitutes two offences : driving under the influence of an alcoholic state and driving in a state of drunkenness. If this second state, which is obvious for every person is quite plain and does not require any special kind of evidence, on the other hand, the first state requires that the amount of alcohol in the driver's blood should be mesured scientificaly before any proceedings are taken against him. So, some medical, clinical and biological confirmation is the evidence to be shown. In this way, we shall have to study the facts which cause responsability, their evidence and their sanctions
Lorcy, Maryvonne. "Strategie et tactique dans la procedure criminelle du xviiieme siecle d'apres les archives judiciaires bretonnes." Rennes 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987REN11030.
Full textBaudouin, Patricia. "Balzac, journaliste et penseur du politique, 1830-1850." Paris 8, 2006. http://octaviana.fr/document/117570958#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Full textWriter, journalist and political thinker : those three activities are closely linked in Balzac’s life between 1830 and 1848. His work and his life show an author led by politics, in a unitary way that includes social, religious and economical questions. In a time of post-revolutionary discord, Balzac, beside his contemporaries, tries to avert the bursting and to rebuild a lasting order by rethinking politics, which means not only the power – its forms, means and stakes – but also the society where politics exercise. During the July Monarchy, Balzac plays a major role in the city, as an actor and as a critical witness of his time; he was in shift, or even in dissidence with regard to the dominant way of thinking. His texts and commitments express the affirmation and paradoxes of the public space during the July Monarchy. As a man and a writer of discomfort, Balzac writes both about and against his century. His refusal to accept the restraints of a party or to rally men and ideas of his century brings him to try a synthesis from the various trends of thinking, the present ones as the past ones. In this way, he proposes a system that defies classifications and maintains the opposites in a permanent tension. The balzacian vision of politics asks questions about politics but do not impose any answer. It suspends certitudes and keeps its actuality
Agostino, Marc. "Le Pape Pie XI et l'opinion : 1922-1939 : une stratégie pontificale en matière d'opinion publique : ses résultats en France et en Italie." Lyon 3, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986LYO31005.
Full textSpreading a coherent message among the public appears as the main priority of the pontificate of pope pius xi. It was done with the view of restoring the belief in christ in contemporany societies and implied the setting up of real strategy in the matter of public opinion, and a definite policy toward the press in particular. This book focuses on a global survey of the pontificate with this aiminview; ataking the study of the press in france and italy as a starting point, it assesses the impact of this- policy on the catholics as well as on the other layers of the population. The election of the pontiff and his death are privileged times when on can size up the evolution of the image of pius xi during his reign, and note the unanimity prevailing at the time of his death. The pontificate, which is chronologically analysed. Keeping this strategy as a guideline, resolves on two periods the watershed being the years 1929-1930. Up to then, the pope had launched the doctrinal grounds for his action and found solutions to the serious problems that hampered the papal strategy. From 1931 to 1939, after a period of time when the pope was unaninously praised for his political views, pius xi, magnified by his illness, took up strong publics positions on important matters in 1937-1938. He appears, in france in particular, as the defender of the rights of man and in both countries as the pope of peace and herald of christian values
Fravalo, Loïc. "Alvaro Cunqueiro ici et ailleurs : parcours littéraire et idéologique d'un auteur galicien." Rennes 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000REN20037.
Full textThe main part of the thesis is a study about the first works by the galician poet and writer, Alvaro Cunqueiro, (1911-1981), from the early thirties till the fifties. Poetry, newspaper works, and his first novel are examined in the historical context of the Second Republic, the coup of July 1936, and the victory of Franco's army, in regard of the different ideological choices of the writer. The point consists in examining Alvaro Cunqueiro's position in the literary and political panorama of that period : the lyric avant-garde and the heritage of the Rexurdimento, the cultural and political evolution of the galician movement, the rise of the Falangist party's ideas, according to his own involvement. The contact between the galician and the castillan languages, and the theoretic bases of the galician movement represent a major part of the thesis
Gallant, Guillaume. "Enquête sur les conditions actuelles de l'activité philosophique." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/29616/29616.pdf.
Full textRambaud, Vital. "Autour de Maurice Barrès. L'écrivain face à la société." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUL084.
Full textResearch thesis presented on works with a view to obtaining the grade of Doctor of the State in French Literature at the Sorbonne University. The present volume brings together a number of articles divided into ten sections: “Barrès and the nineteenth century”; “Cults of Self”; “Venice”; “Spiritual evolutions”; “Questions about Barrès” ; “Journalism and literary criticism” ; “Judges and members of Parliament” ; “The Great War” ; “Good and bad fortunes” ; “Enlargements.” These articles are principally devoted to Marice Barrès but also his relations with his contemporaries (Lemaitre, Péguy, Schlumberger, Suarès, Cocteau, Mauriac) as well as several other authors, from Mme de Staël to Claude Vigée, through Musset, Renan, Vogüé, Bourget, Claudel and even Déon. They study, each in their own way, the relationship between the writer and society, whether it be the writer’s cultivation of his ‘Moi’ while remaining at a distance from society or, conversely, his efforts to act on this society through newspapers and political action, or even to be subjected to social judgement and, like Barrès, become condemned to a purgatory which, for him, seems definitive. The dossier to be defended is also composed of our edition of Romans et voyages in the collection “Bouquins” as well as that of Les Diverses familles spirituelles de la France from Classiques Garnier (in collaboration with Denis Pernot). An extra volume presents the years 1914 and 1915, which we have personally annotated for the anthology of Chronique de la Grande Guerre, which we are preparing with Denis Pernot for Classiques Garnier