Academic literature on the topic 'Penstock outlet'
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Journal articles on the topic "Penstock outlet"
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Daniel, T. Ipilakyaa, O. Edeoja Alex, and Kulugh Aondohemen. "Influence of Penstock Outlet Diameter and Flat Blade Lateral Twist Angle on the Performance of A Simplified Pico Hydropower System." International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development 1, no. 5 (2017): 394–406. https://doi.org/10.31142/ijtsrd2322.
Full textAbstract:
A study to investigate the influence of penstock outlet and the flat blade lateral twist angle on the performance of an existing Pico hydro system was undertaken. Five penstock reduced from76.2 mm to 15, 17.5, 20, 22.5 and 25 mm diameters at the outlet and a runner with adjustable flat blades were fabricated from mild steel sheet. For each of the penstock outlets, five blade twist angles of 50, 55, 60, 75 and 90° were tested and the turbine and alternator speed measured with tachometer. The initial and final levels of water in the overhead tank as well as the periods of tests were also measured. The data collected was used to compute the flow rate and power for each set. A maximum computed power of 5600 W was obtained with the 25 mm penstock outlet in conjunction with the blade twist angle of 75o. Also, the maximum speed 1180 rpm of the alternator shaft was obtained for a penstock outlet diameter of about 20.25 mm at the same twist angle of 75o. These results imply that for the system potentially could generate appreciable power using flat blades with the penstock outlets and blade twist angles in the ranges 20 mm and = 600 respectively. Considering the simplicity of the flat blade configuration, the results indicate good promise for providing relatively cheap, clean and convenient domestic power with further work on the system. Daniel T. Ipilakyaa | Alex O. Edeoja | Aondohemen Kulugh "Influence of Penstock Outlet Diameter and Flat Blade Lateral Twist Angle on the Performance of A Simplified Pico Hydropower System" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-1 | Issue-5 , August 2017, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd2322.pdf
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Suryanto, Suryanto, Apollo Apollo, Muhammad Julham Hamzah, and Titiek Israwati. "Analisis Perancangan Penstock PLTMH di Eremerasa Kabupaten Bantaeng Dengan Menggunakan ANSYS." Jurnal Sinergi Jurusan Teknik Mesin 17, no. 1 (2019): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.31963/sinergi.v17i1.1588.
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Penstock acts as a distributor of fluid flow between the tank and the turbine. The aims of this study are to determine the characteristics of the pressure and the water velocity and flow pattern that occurs in the penstock and to determine the efficiency of hydraulic optimum turbine with design power 40 kW. Characteristics are analyzed by simulation using Ansys fluent software. The simulation results assist in the design process and design of water turbines penstock accurately and shorten the time. Based on the simulation results in the penstock, the pressure varies on along the penstock and maximum occur on the inlet side (33652 Pa) and then gradually drops along the pipeline and reach the minimum conditions on the outlet side (2651 Pa). Characteristics of the fluid velocity tends to be constant from the inlet side to the outlet side (2,46 m/s), but there are fluctuations in flow velocity in the bend of 10° and 45°. The pattern of the flow of water along the penstock pipe turbulent, especially in connection with angle bends 45° and 10°. Angle turn follow the existing topography. Additionally, it obtained maximum turbine power of 50,617 kW with hydraulic efficiency of 68.93% and the effective height of the turbine is equal to 17,234 m and a discharge of 0,3 m3/s.
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Alligné, S., C. Nicolet, Y. Vaillant, P.-Y. Lowys, J. Heraud, and B. Lecomte. "Hydroacoustic interaction between draft tube and penstock eigenmodes under Francis turbine full load instability." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1079, no. 1 (2022): 012026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1079/1/012026.
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Abstract At high load, Francis Turbines may experience self-sustained pressure surge leading to significant power swing and pressure fluctuations along the waterway. The physical mechanism initiating this instability phenomenon has been the subject of much research. The development of the axisymmetric cavitating vortex rope at the runner outlet modifies the hydroacoustic properties of the draft tube waterway. Very low wave speed due to high cavitation volume combined with a high swirling number initiates the unstable axial pulsations of the cavitating vortex rope which frequency corresponds to a penstock’s eigenfrequency. The 15 MW power plant of Monceaux-la-Virole in France, composed of two units fed by a single penstock, experiences such full-load surge. On-site tests have been carried out to analyze the envelope of pressure fluctuations along the penstock once instability occurs. Combined with a 1D SIMSEN model of the power plant, these measurements have allowed to enhance the understanding of this instability phenomenon. To achieve this, an advanced draft tube modelling taking into account distributed wave speed, convective terms and divergent geometry is used and frequency analysis is carried out. Unstable draft tube eigenmodes and stable penstock eigenmodes are predicted. The key draft tube model parameters such as wave speed and second viscosity are calibrated to set the draft tube eigenmode frequency to the unstable measured frequency for different operating points. This frequency analysis concludes that high load instability occurs when a matching between the draft tube and the penstock eigenfrequencies is experienced. Moreover, it is shown that the unstable draft tube eigenmode is able to interact with different order penstock eigenmodes as function of the operating point of the unit.
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Kisto, Kisto, and Agus Hermanto. "Analisa Kondisi Aliran pada Bifurcation Pipa Penstock Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Air Kapasitas 4 MW Menggunakan Software Ansys." Jurnal Rekayasa Mesin 18, no. 2 (2023): 285. http://dx.doi.org/10.32497/jrm.v18i2.4087.
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<p>Salah satu komponen terpenting dalam sebuah Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Air adalah penstock, yang berfungsi mengalirkan fluida air dari <em>forebay</em> ke turbin. Fluida air menggerakan turbin yang akan memutar generator untuk menghasilkan listrik. Dengan peranan penstock yang sangat penting tersebut, maka dibutuhkan perencanaan yang detail termasuk juga perkiraan penyebab kegagalannya. Sehingga indikasi kegagalan tersebut bisa segera di antisipasi, supaya tidak mengganggu sistem operasi pembangkit dalam menghasilkan energi listrik. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui lokasi yang mendapatkan <em>over pressure</em> pada<em> bifurcation </em>penstock, sehingga bisa diambil langkah-langkah antisipasi untuk mengatasi <em>over pressure</em> di area tersebut. Ruang lingkup penelitian dibatasi di area <em>inlet</em> penstock sampai ke <em>outlet</em> penstock. Adapun metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan metode literasi dari penelitian terkait serta sumber-sumber kepustakan yang relevan. Material yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah <em>mild steel</em> dengan <em>density</em> (r) 2179 kg/m<sup>3</sup>, ( ) <em>allowable unit tensile stress</em> 1300 kg/cm<sup>2</sup>,( ) efisiensi 0.95, ( ) perlindungan terhadap korosi 3 mm, <em>head</em> 134,97 m, <em>density</em> (r) air 996,4 kg/m<sup>3</sup>, diameter penstock 1.900 mm, dari hasil perhitungan diperoleh kecepatan di penstock (V<sub>2</sub>) 10,89 m/s, tekanan sebesar 59.136,84 Pa, tebal penstock 10 mm, sedangkan dari hasil simulasi dengan Ansys Fluent tekanan di area A sebesar 95.240 Pa. Kecepatan di area A yang berada di tembereng antara sudut 180-270° pipa penstock adalah 8,032 m/s, dan tekanan 95.240 Pa berada di titik 1 dan 2 (arah sudut 250° dan 135°) searah jarum jam. Sehingga di area tersebut diperlukan perkuatan yang lebih, berupa <em>slide block</em> sehingga dapat menahan beban gaya yang terjadi pada dinding penstock sebesar 20667,08 kgf dengan dimensi <em>slide block</em> 4000 x 1400 x 1550 mm.</p>
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Mössinger, Peter, Reiner Mack, and J. Jörg Necker. "Numerical investigation for intake and discharge conditions of horizontal multi-jet Pelton turbines." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1411, no. 1 (2024): 012011. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1411/1/012011.
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Abstract Modernization of existing Pelton turbines comes with a required increase in power and efficiency. At the same time, maintainability and accessibility should be improved. Here a replacement of the existing units with horizontal multi-jet turbines can achieve these requirements. Concurrently, the hydraulic inlet and outlet conditions are challenging as the penstock and tailwater are often reused. At two examples, one in operation, one in construction, the possibilities to design and improve the inflow and discharge situation with the aid of numerical methods is shown. Efficiency and flow conditions can be significantly improved when the turbine in- and outlet is designed for the specific on-site situation.
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Subekti, Massus, and Parjiman. "The effect of pump diameter and penstock pipe on the electric power of a hybrid generator." E3S Web of Conferences 473 (2024): 02005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202447302005.
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Ocean Wave Power Plants (WEC) are divided into 6 types, namely (1) Point Absorber, (2) Oscillating Water Column, (3) Pressure Differential Submerger, (4) Oscillating Wave Surge Converter, (5) Attenuator & Terminator, and ( 6) Removable Devices. The AquabuOY type is a type of Point Absorber type wave power generator. This type uses a long pump connected to a Pelton turbine and was developed by Finavera (Aquaenergy) Company of Canada. The AquabuOY system has a weakness in that the turbine rotation depends on the wave period that occurs. The slower the wave period occurs, the weaker the resulting turbine rotation, therefore it needs to be improved by adding a reservoir unit to obtain pressure. stability and puffiness of the unit so that the rotation produced in the turbine is much greater. With this addition, the generator will spin more quickly and stably. In addition, the addition of wind energy installed at the top of the unit means that the generator to be built will produce more energy, is more flexible, can be placed in shallow, medium or deep seas, does not require complicated foundations, is relatively cheap, is not affected by extreme weather. and can be used in all sea conditions just by attaching it to a ballast. This study examines the effect of pump diameter and outlet pipe diameter on the electrical power generated at a hybrid power plant. pump diameter variations of 8 inches, 10 inches, 12 inches and 14 inches. Variation of outlet pipe diameter 1 inch, 2 inch, 3 inch and 4 inch. In this paper, we will present a simulation of the calculation of electrical energy from wave power with variations in pontoon volume, pump diameter, and outlet pipe diameter to obtain the most optimal system size. while wind energy power generation is presented in a different pape. Calculation simulation results to get the most optimal pump diameter and outlet pipe diameter in the hybrid power plant system built.
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Joshi, Pusker Raj, Kamal Kant Acharya, and Rabindra Dhakal. "Engineering geological study of the Mai Khola Hyroelectric Project, Ilam, eastern Nepal." Journal of Nepal Geological Society 56, no. 1 (2018): 55–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jngs.v56i1.22700.
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The Mai Khola Hydroelectric Project, a run-of-river scheme, has a capacity 15.6 MW. It has design discharge of 16 m3/s, design net head of 112.71 m and includes 2192 m long inverted-D shaped headrace tunnel with 4.3 m diameter, concrete dam of 10.6 m height and semi-surface powerhouse. The project area consists of rocks of the Middle Siwalik Subgroup, comprising of sandstone, siltstone and mudstone, inter bedded frequently. Sandstone is predominant in head works area, headrace tunnel and is completely absent in a surge tank, and penstock alignment. Siltstone alternating with thin layer of mudstone is predominant in powerhouse area. The headrace tunnel outlet portal and surge shaft lie on the hill slope characterized by colluvial deposits. The penstock alignment passes through highly weathered siltstone and mudstone. The semi-surface powerhouse and the tailrace canal lie on the lower alluvial terrace. The Main Boundary Thrust (MBT) is the major structure observed at about 90 m upstream from the weir axis. The average Q-value of rock mass along the headrace tunnel surface mapping was 0.062–1.33 and after excavation the value was 0.004–0.23. An extremely poor to poor relation was observed between the rock mass class on surface mapping and exceptionally poor to very poor on excavation. Analysing the results of the surface and underground study of the rock mass, the excess support is required during construction.
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Tchawe Tchawe, Moukam, Tientcheu Nsiewe Max-Well, Djiako Thomas, Tcheukam Toko Dénis, and Kenmeugne Bienvenu. "Study of the Sources of Instability Observed at the Outlet of the Lagdo Dam Penstock." American Journal of Innovation in Science and Engineering 3, no. 2 (2024): 9–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.54536/ajise.v3i2.2774.
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The Lagdo hydropower plant is the smallest of three plants designed before the 1990s in Cameroon. It has a capacity of 72 MW and is the main source of energy for the North Interconnected Network (NIN). This facility has been experiencing several problems over the past ten years and is increasingly unsatisfactory in terms of service. This is due to several parameters, including the instability observed in the flow structure. In this paper, we have evaluated some parameters that may be at the origin of these instabilities by a numerical approach, followed by field observations. It appears from this study that in addition to the dynamic field variation parameter (pressure and velocity) involved in the creation and propagation of instabilities, others, such as the water level in the upstream reservoir and the variation of the turbulent friction, are also to be considered.
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Ipilakyaa, Daniel T., Alex O. Edeoja, and Aondohemen Kulugh. "Influence of Penstock Outlet Diameter and Flat Blade Lateral Twist Angle on the Performance of A Simplified Pico Hydropower System." International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development Volume-1, Issue-5 (2017): 394–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.31142/ijtsrd2322.
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Doerfler, Peter K. "Upstream influence on the Francis turbine full-load surge Part I: Runner blade cavitation vs. penstock response." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1483, no. 1 (2025): 012002. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1483/1/012002.
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Abstract Full-load surge (FLS) can occur in some hydropower plants with Francis-type turbines or pump-turbines in case of high discharge. A vapor-filled cavity is formed in the center of the draft tube flow due to counter-rotating swirl downstream of the runner. FLS is an unstable interaction between the volume of this cavity and the pressure and discharge at the runner exit. Various theoretical models for such a feedback mechanism have been set up so far. Those models differ with regard to which flow variable is subject to the mass-flow gain. Müller (2014) added a new concept: based on observations on a reduced-scale model, he proposed that feedback from pressure-dependent cavitation at the runner outlet could cause instability. For the same case, Wack (2020) confirmed in a CFD study the destabilizing effect of runner blade cavitation assuming constant turbine inflow, without feedback from the penstock. A 1D model reproducing Wack’s simulation with regard to stability was also set up (Dörfler 2022). Two effects are missing in that setting: the discharge-driven variation of runner exit swirl and the dissipation of oscillation power across the runner. The present study is about a necessary extension of the 1D model. The boundary condition of constant runner discharge is replaced by a head-dependent discharge according to the turbine characteristics and penstock response, assuming an 8m long intake pipe. With this modification, the pulsation of cavity volume due to the variable angular momentum flux released into the draft tube now consists of two components: pressure variation times cavitation gain factor Ψ, and discharge variation times mass flow gain factor χ. The extended model has the stability limit shifted to significantly lower cavitation number - closer to the experimental limit, but with approximately the same frequency. It results each one of the two effects – runner discharge variation as well as runner blade cavitation – can cause instability.
Book chapters on the topic "Penstock outlet"
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"Wye Branches and Branch Outlets." In Steel Penstocks. American Society of Civil Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784412169.ch07.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Penstock outlet"
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Prochaska, Stephanie, and Allen Skaja. "Trials and Tribulations with Finding the Optimal Lining Material." In Coatings+ 2019. SSPC, 2019. https://doi.org/10.5006/s2019-00049.
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Abstract Historically, the Bureau of Reclamation observed coating service lives of 50 to 80 years when lining its water conveyance structures with coal tar enamel. Changes to regulations have largely eliminated coal tar enamel as a field coating option, and existing coal tar enamel is beginning to show signs of degradation or has already been repaired or recoated. Reclamation has been working to find an appropriate alternative to coal tar enamel. Elastomeric polyurethanes have superior flexibility and abrasion resistance, with expected service lives between 20 to 40 years. However, adhesion and delamination problems observed both in the laboratory and in the field currently render them unsuitable for most of Reclamation's needs. Rigid polyurethanes also have good flexibility and abrasion resistance, but develop blisters during application to the cold steel of buried pipes. Blisters develop as a result of the reduced reaction rate (curing) at the steel interface while the bulk material cures at higher temperatures. These blisters are explained by the heat sink phenomena, which occurs with fast set products. 100 percent solids epoxies are abrasion resistant, have good adhesion, but are usually brittle in nature. Reclamation has some field experience with 100 percent solids epoxies as penstock or outlet works linings, but have used them primarily for maintenance and repairs of coal tar enamel and elastomeric polyurethanes. The life expectancy of 100% solids epoxy is 15 to 30 years. Reclamation's coatings research is ongoing, but questions remain whether commercially available products can match the service life that coal tar enamel provided inside penstocks while suiting modern application technologies, methods, and logistical challenges.
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Skaja, Allen, David Tordonato, and Bobbi Jo Merten. "Field and Laboratory Experience with Polyurethane Pipe Linings." In SSPC 2014 Greencoat. SSPC, 2014. https://doi.org/10.5006/s2014-00059.
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Abstract The Bureau of Reclamation’s Materials Engineering Research Laboratory has been evaluating polyurethane pipe linings for severe immersion exposure, specifically for outlet works and penstock linings. Polyurethanes have several advantages over other coatings, such as application temperature range, faster cure times in cold temperatures, rapid return to service, coat large surface area rapidly, low viscosity (i.e. accommodates pumping over longer distances), and greater impact resistance. The laboratory testing has utilized Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy as a screening/ranking method in the selection of new coatings for severe service environments. The polyurethane linings have superior barrier resistance compared to epoxy linings. However, long term (4 years) water immersion exposure produced large blisters and severe undercutting in scribed panels. This undercutting has also been witnessed in a Reclamation field assessment where polyurethane linings were used. Potential permanent repair solutions to this problem will be discussed.
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Skaja, Allen, Bobbi Jo Merten, and David Tordonato. "Coal Tar Enamel Service Life Extension." In SSPC 2015 Greencoat. SSPC, 2015. https://doi.org/10.5006/s2015-00057.
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Abstract Coal tar enamel provides an extremely long service life, under the right conditions. The Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation) has observed more than 80 years of corrosion protection at facilities such as Hoover Dam. The coal tar enamel linings in penstocks and outlet works that are buried, encased, or in tunnels maintain excellent condition with minor damage. However, when temperature fluctuates between hot and cold, the enamel is stressed and develops alligator cracking. As a result, Reclamation has observed reduced service lifetimes of coal tar enamel on many above ground penstocks and outlet works. This is remedied complete removal and replacement with epoxy or polyurethane coatings. This paper covers the proper methods and procedures for spot repairing minor damages to coal tar enamel linings using 100% solids epoxy coatings. The goal is to maximize service life and minimize coating maintenance costs.
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Merten, Bobbi Jo, Todd Gaston, Jessica Torrey, and Allen Skaja. "Developing a Life-Cycle Cost Analysis Framework to Evaluate the Cost-Effectiveness of Hydroelectric Penstock Corrosion Control Strategies." In CORROSION 2017. NACE International, 2017. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2017-09099.
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Abstract The Bureau of Reclamation utilized protective coatings to maximize reliability and useful life for its water infrastructure. Steel hydroelectric penstock pipes received long-lasting coatings during construction. These coatings are reaching the end of their service life and require recoating. Stricter regulations shifted today’s recoating specifications to less harmful systems, which vary in initial coating costs, periodic maintenance, and service life. For expensive penstock recoating projects, the challenge is in determining the most cost-effective coating system. A life-cycle cost (LCC) analysis framework was developed for cost comparison of competing coating systems. This analysis is particularly suitable for determining whether the higher initial cost of a coating system is economically justified by reductions in future costs, e.g., maintenance, repair, or replacement costs. The theoretical framework shown here includes a spreadsheet tool designed to accommodate all unique inputs and accounts for the time-value of money. It offers several output options, including the equivalent uniform annual cost, to aid decision makers in selecting coating systems. A sensitivity analysis is also provided to demonstrate the effect of modifying principal variables, such as discount rate and coating service life.
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Torrey, Jessica D., Todd Gaston, and Bobbi Jo E. Merten. "Evaluating Cost-Effectiveness of Water Infrastructure Corrosion Control Methods." In CORROSION 2018. NACE International, 2018. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2018-11230.
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Abstract The cost of corrosion control for water infrastructure continues to escalate, making data-based corrosion management even more important for budget planning. This paper demonstrates a spreadsheet tool developed to evaluate life-cycle costs for specific cases using economic principles and professionally developed cost estimates. It is a follow-up to the CORROSION 2017 paper evaluating the cost of protective coatings options for penstock relinings. The new work focuses on the cost-effectiveness of including cathodic protection (CP) in conjunction with protective coatings. The output includes the break-even point at which the CP system investment is justified by the extended service life of the coating system. The case study is a large gate in freshwater protected by an epoxy coating and compares the coating service life when paired with a galvanic anode CP system, an impressed current CP system, or no CP system.
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Daqing, Zhou, Zheng Yuan, and Xinfeng Ge. "CFD Simulation of the Whole Pump Station Inlet Flow Field." In ASME 2008 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting collocated with the Heat Transfer, Energy Sustainability, and 3rd Energy Nanotechnology Conferences. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2008-55235.
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Wu-Hao-Gou pump station is one of many pump stations being going to build in order to meet the increasing need of water supply in the Shanghai city. Owing to limited building site, large discharge and multi water outlet direction, the design and arrangement of hydraulic structure become more difficult than usual pump station. In the paper, CFD method is used to simulate the whole inlet flow field and improve hydraulic performance of the pump station. Firstly, the whole hydraulic structure geometric model, combined by Penstock, transition passage, diversion channel, fore bay, suction bay and suction pipe, is built and subdivided with unstructured mesh. Secondly, inlet flow field of the original pump station scheme is simulated and analyzed with the SIMPLEC algorithm, the realizable k-ε turbulence model and the symmetric boundary hypothesis on the free surface. Thirdly, the better scheme is calculated with the same numerical method after taking some effective measurements. Lastly, the better scheme is simulated with the VOF model, as well as the numerical results are compared with the above symmetric boundary hypothesis model to reveal the fact that the main flow character is similar but some flow details differ between the two free surface model. Then, the physical model experiment will be performed to verify the better scheme in the next step.
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Sierra, F., J. Kubiak, G. Urquiza, et al. "Measurement of the Flow in a 170 MW Hydraulic Turbine Recording the Pressure-Time Rise in One Section of the Penstock." In ASME 2006 2nd Joint U.S.-European Fluids Engineering Summer Meeting Collocated With the 14th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2006-98529.
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The objective of the present work is to evaluate the performance of a hydraulic turbine by means of the measurement of flow using the Gibson method based on recording pressure–time rise in one section of the penstock and relate it to the pressure in the upper reservoir to which the penstock is connected. Volumetric flow is determined by integration of the time function of a differential pressure (between the section and the inlet to the penstock). Flow measurement was possible this way because the influence of penstock inlet was negligible as far as an error of the measurement is concerned. The paper presents the results obtained with this method for the case of a 170 MW hydraulic turbine. The length of the penstock was 300 m. Previous experience and a standard IEC-41-1991 were the criteria adopted and applied. An efficient and fast acquisition system including a 16 bit card was used. The flow rate was calculated using a computer program developed and tested on several cases. The results obtained with the Gibson method were used for calibration of the on-line flow measuring system based on the Winter-Kennedy principles. This last method is used for continuous monitoring of the turbine flow rate. Having calculated the flow rate and output power the efficiency is calculated for any operating conditions. A curve showing the best operating conditions based on the highest efficiency is presented and discussed. Flow simulation allowed having an estimation of a flow recirculation region size.
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Kubiak, Janusz, Gustavo Urquiza, Adam Adamkowski, Fernando Sierra, Waldemar Janicki, and Reynaldo Rangel. "Special Instrumentation and Hydraulic Turbine Flow Measurements Using a Pressure-Time Method." In ASME 2005 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2005-77394.
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The objective of the work was to evaluate the efficiency of a hydraulic turbine by means of the flow measurement, for a given water head. The hydraulic turbine of 180 MW output has been in service for 20 years. The real value of efficiency was needed in order to proceed with minor/mayor modifications to improve it. In a case of a runner deterioration the pressure-time (the Gibson) method was chosen to proceed with a test for flow determination. However, to measure the pressure in the penstock no access from the external space of the penstock was found, so the special instrumentation had to be developed, which could be installed inside different sections of the penstock for determination of the pressure as required by the Gibson method. After the successful installation of the pressure transducers and a special hermetic capsule, from which a cable was laid through the manhole to the control room, the test was carried out at different loads applying the Gibson method. Simultaneously, the instrumentation for the Winter-Kennedy method was installed and calibrated during the test. In the paper all the turbine measured characteristics are given and discussed. It was concluded that the efficiency of the hydraulic turbine was still high and no modifications were necessary. Having instruments calibrated for the Winter-Kennedy method other curves can be obtained at different heads.