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1

Walker, Valerie, and Graham A. Mills. "2-Pentanone Production from Hexanoic Acid byPenicillium roquefortifrom Blue Cheese: Is This the Pathway Used in Humans?" Scientific World Journal 2014 (2014): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/215783.

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Production of 2-pentanone, a methylketone, is increased in fasting ketotic humans. Its origin is unknown. We hypothesised that it is formed viaβ-oxidation of hexanoic acid by the peroxisomal pathway proposed for methylketone-producing fungi and yeasts. We usedPenicillium roqueforticultured on fat (margarine) to investigate 2-pentanone production. Headspace gas of incubates of the mould with a range of substrates was analysed using solid-phase microextraction with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Consistent with the proposed pathway, 2-pentanone was formed from hexanoic acid, hexanoyl-CoA, hexanoylcarnitine, and ethyl-3-oxohexanoic acid but not from ethylhexanoic, 2-ethylhexanoic, octanoic, or myristic acids, octanoylcarnitine, or pentane. However, the products from deuterated (D) hexanoic-D11acid and hexanoic-2, 2-D2acid were 9D- and 2D-2-pentanone, respectively, and not 8D- and 1D-2-pentanone as predicted. When incubated under18O2/14N2, there was only a very small enrichment of [16O2]- with [18O2]-containing 2-pentanone. These are new observations. They could be explained if hydrogen ions removed from hexanoyl-CoA by acyl-CoA oxidase at the commencement ofβ-oxidation were cycled through hydrogen peroxide and reentered the pathway through hydration of hexenoyl-CoA. This would protect other proteins from oxidative damage. Formation of 2-pentanone through aβ-oxidation cycle similar toPenicillium roquefortiwould be consistent with observations in humans.
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2

Kucharska, Małgorzata, and Anna Kilanowicz. "Pentan-1-ol i jego izomery: pentan-2-ol, pentan-3-ol,2-metylobutan-1-ol, 3-metylobutan-2-ol, 2-metylobutan-2-ol, 2,2-dimetylopropan-1-ol. Dokumentacja proponowanych dopuszczalnych wielkości narażenia zawodowego." Podstawy i Metody Oceny Środowiska Pracy 36, no. 3 (2020): 67–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.3981.

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Pentanol to alifatyczny nasycony alkohol monohydroksylowy (C5H11OH), który ma osiem izomerów położeniowych. Cztery z nich są alkoholami I-rzędowymi, trzy – II-rzędowymi, jeden – III rzędowym. W normalnych warunkach pentanole (alkohole amylowe) są bezbarwnymi, łatwopalnymi cieczami, poza 2,2-dimetylopropan-1-olem, który jest krystalicznym ciałem stałym. Pary alkoholi mogą tworzyć mieszaniny wybuchowe z powietrzem. Alkohole pentylowe są stosowane jako rozpuszczalniki: lakierów, żywic, gum, a także w przetwórstwie tworzyw sztucznych i ropy naftowej. Służą również do produkcji syntetycznych środków aromatyzujących oraz jako surowce do produkcji preparatów farmaceutycznych. Główną drogą wchłaniania pentanoli w warunkach narażenia zawodowego są drogi oddechowe. Działają one drażniąco na: układ oddechowy, skórę i oczy zarówno u zwierząt, jak i u ludzi. U ludzi, szczególnie z nietolerancją na niższe alkohole (etanol), izomery pentanolu powodowały podrażnienie skóry. Narażenie zwierząt drogą dermalną przy długotrwałej aplikacji powodowało poważne podrażnienie z rumieniem, atonią, aż do martwicy. W organizmie izomery pentanolu mogą być utleniane lub sprzęgane z kwasem glukuronowym, przy czym alkohole I-rzędowe są metabolizowane głównie do odpowiednich aldehydów, a następnie kwasów, alkohole II-rzędowe są częściowo utleniane do odpowiednich ketonów, a w dużej części glukuronidowane, zaś alkohol III-rzędowy (2-metylo-2-butanol) nie może tworzyć aldehydu i ketonu, dlatego jest wydalany z moczem w niezmienionej postaci jako glukuronid. Mechanizm działania toksycznego pentanoli nie został jednak w pełni wyjaśniony. Na podstawie wyników badań na zwierzętach doświadczalnych wykazano, że krytycznym skutkiem narażenia na pentano-1-ol i jego izomery jest działanie drażniące. Wartość NDS dla pentanoli wyliczono z wartości RD50 wyznaczonej w badaniach na myszach, co daje wartość 75 mg/m3. W celu zabezpieczenia pracowników przed narażeniem na pikowe stężenia pentanoli zaproponowano wartość chwilową (NDSCh) na poziomie dwukrotnej wartości NDS, czyli 150 mg/m3. Nie ma podstaw merytorycznych do ustalenia dla pentano-1-olu i jego izomerów wartości dopuszczalnego stężenia w materiale biologicznym (DSB). Ze względu na działanie drażniące substancję oznakowano literą „I” (substancja o działaniu drażniącym). Zaproponowane wartości normatywów higienicznych powinny zabezpieczyć pracowników przed działaniem drażniącym pentano-1-olu i jego izomerów na oczy i błony śluzowe górnych dróg oddechowych, a z uwagi na to, że skutki układowe obserwowano przy narażeniu na znacznie większe stężenia/dawki, także przed działaniem układowym. Zakres tematyczny artykułu obejmuje zagadnienia zdrowia oraz bezpieczeństwa i higieny środowiska pracy będące przedmiotem badań z zakresu nauk o zdrowiu oraz inżynierii środowiska.
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3

Wang, Mingyuan, Gayan A. Abeykoon, Francisco J. Argüelles-Vivas, and Ryosuke Okuno. "Aqueous Solution of Ketone Solvent for Enhanced Water Imbibition in Fractured Carbonate Reservoirs." SPE Journal 25, no. 05 (2020): 2694–709. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/200340-pa.

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Summary This paper presents four dynamic imbibition experiments using fractured limestone cores with aqueous solutions of 3-pentanone and a nonionic surfactant. Results of the dynamic imbibition experiments were analyzed by the material balance for components: oil, brine, and chemical (3-pentanone or surfactant). The analysis resulted in a quantitative evaluation of the imbibed fraction of the injected components (brine and chemical additives) and the relative contribution of these components to the oil displacement in the matrix. Results show that 3-pentanone and surfactant both can enhance the imbibition of brine through wettability alteration; however, 3-pentanone is more efficient in transferring from a fracture to the surrounding matrix. The imbibed fraction was more than 57.0% for 3-pentanone, and only 6.0% for surfactant at the end of the chemical-slug stage. During injection of the 3-pentanone solution, brine and 3-pentanone both displaced oil from the matrix pore volume (PV). Results of the material-balance analysis suggest that an optimal process with an aqueous wettability modifier will have a large imbibed fraction to rapidly enhance the oil displacement by brine in the matrix. Such a process will benefit from chase brine and soaking (or shut-in) so that the oil recovery can be maximized for a small amount of chemical injection.
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4

Klein, Birgit, Hermann Schildknecht, Monika Hilker, and Siegfried Bombosch. "Oviposition Deterrent from Larval Frass of Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.)." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 45, no. 7-8 (1990): 895–901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-1990-7-823.

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Abstract A synthetic mixture containing 1-indanone, 2-pentanone, 2-methyl-3-pentanone, 3-mcthyl- 2-pentanone, 2-methylcyclopentanone. 1-hydroxy-propanone. acetophenone, benzaldehyde. n-nonanal, n-decanal, nerolidol, eugenol, thymol, carvacrol and phythol deters oviposition of the Egyptian cotton leaf worm, Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.). All compounds were identified from larval frass of S. littoralis.
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5

González, Juan Antonio. "Thermodynamics of mixtures containing the CO and OH groups. I. Estimation of the DISQUAC interchange coefficients for 1-alkanol + n-alkanone systems." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 75, no. 10 (1997): 1412–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v97-170.

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1-Alkanol + n-alkanone mixtures are treated in terms of the DISQUAC group contribution model, reporting the interaction parameters for hydroxyl–carbonyl contacts. The quasichemical interchange coefficients are independent of the compounds in the mixture; the dispersive interchange coefficients depend on the intramolecular environment of the hydroxyl and (or) carbonyl groups. Mixtures of a given 1-alkanol with isomeric ketones are characterized by the same first dispersive interaction parameter, which is constant from 2-pentanone. This type of system, when including an alcohol up to 1-pentanol, needs different dispersive enthalpic parameters depending on the symmetry of the ketone. In this case, such parameters are constant from 2-pentanone or 3-pentanone. A detailed comparison is presented between DISQUAC results and data available in the literature on vapour–liquid equilibria, VLE (including azeotropic data), molar Gibbs energies, GE, molar excess enthalpies, HE, solid–liquid equilibria, SLE, natural logarithms of activity coefficients, In [Formula: see text] and partial molar excess enthalpies at infinite dilution,[Formula: see text]. For 54 systems, the mean relative standard deviation in pressure is 0.018; for 61 systems, this magnitude in the case of the HE is 0.059. It is noteworthy that the model yields good predictions over a very wide range of temperature for VLE and SLE. HE is also reasonably well represented at different temperatures. Larger discrepancies are encountered, as usual, for partial molar quantities at infinite dilution. Keywords: liquids, mixtures, thermodynamic properties, group contributions.
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6

Dowd, Paul, and Yi Hyon Paik. "Dimethylenebicyclo[1.1.1]pentanone." Tetrahedron Letters 27, no. 25 (1986): 2813–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0040-4039(00)84649-3.

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7

Menaut, Consolación P., José M. Pico, Josefa Fernández, José L. Legido, and M. Inmaculada Paz Andrade. "Measurements and analysis of the excess enthalpies of some dichloroalkane + 2-ketone systems using UNIFAC group-contribution model." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 72, no. 2 (1994): 304–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v94-047.

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Experimental excess molar enthalpies hE at 298.15 K and normal atmospheric pressure were obtained for the binary mixtures 1,2-dichloropropane + (2-propanone, 2-butanone, or 2-pentanone), 1,3-dichloropropane + (2-butanone or 2-pentanone), 1,4-dichlorobutane + (2-butanone or 2-pentanone) using a Calvet microcalorimeter. The hE values for all the mixtures were negative. The experimental results used to test the capability of the interaction parameters of two versions of the UNIFAC group-contribution model to predict the proximity effect in these kind of mixtures.
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8

Mitsuhashi, Takao, and Yoshio Kaneda. "Gas Chromatographic Determination of Total Iodine in Foods." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 73, no. 5 (1990): 790–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/73.5.790.

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Abstract A gas chromatographic (GC) method has been developed for determination of total Iodine In foods, based on the reaction of Iodine with 3-pentanone. Organic matter of a sample is destroyed by an alkaline ashing technique. Iodide In a water extract of the ash residue is oxidized to free Iodine by adding dlchromate in the presence of sulfuric acid. Liberated Iodine Is reacted with 3-pentanone to form 2-lodo-3-pentanone, extracted Into n-hexane, and then determined by gas chromatography with an electron-capture detector. Recoveries of Iodide from spiked food samples ranged from 91.4 to 99.6%. Detection limit for iodine Is 0.05 μg/g
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9

Xu, Lu-Feng, Shang Shan, Wen-Long Wang, and Shan-Heng Wang. "3-Pentanone 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone." Acta Crystallographica Section E Structure Reports Online 64, no. 7 (2008): o1229. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600536808016887.

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10

Dowd, Michael K., and Edwin D. Stevens. "Inclusion Complexes of Gossypol with 2-Pentanone, 3-Pentanone, and 2-Hexanone." Journal of Inclusion Phenomena and Macrocyclic Chemistry 51, no. 1-2 (2005): 65–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10847-004-1817-6.

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11

Cevallos-Cevallos, Juan Manuel, Laura Gysel, Maria Gabriela Maridueña-Zavala, and María José Molina-Miranda. "Time-Related Changes in Volatile Compounds during Fermentation of Bulk and Fine-Flavor Cocoa (Theobroma cacao) Beans." Journal of Food Quality 2018 (2018): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/1758381.

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Chocolate is one of the most consumed foods worldwide and cacao fermentation contributes to the unique sensory characteristics of chocolate products. However, comparative changes in volatiles occurring during fermentation of Criollo, Forastero, and Nacional cacao—three of the most representative cultivars worldwide—have not been reported. Beans of each cultivar were fermented for five days and samples were taken every 24 hours. Volatiles from each sample were adsorbed into a solid phase microextraction fiber and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Aroma potential of each compound was determined using available databases. Multivariate data analyses showed partial clustering of samples according to cultivars at the start of the fermentation but complete clustering was observed at the end of the fermentation. The Criollo cacao produced floral, fruity, and woody aroma volatiles including linalool, epoxylinalool, benzeneethanol, pentanol acetate, germacrene, α-copaene, aromadendrene, 3,6-heptanedione, butanal, 1-phenyl ethenone, 2-nonanone, and 2-pentanone. Nacional cacao produced fruity, green, and woody aroma volatiles including 2-nonanone, 3-octen-1-ol, 2-octanol acetate, 2-undecanone, valencene, and aromadendrene. The Forastero cacao yielded floral and sweet aroma volatiles such as epoxylinalool, pentanoic acid, benzeneacetaldehyde, and benzaldehyde. This is the first report of volatiles produced during fermentation of Criollo, Forastero, and Nacional cacao from the same origin.
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12

Fenard, Yann, Julia Pieper, Christian Hemken, et al. "Experimental and modeling study of the low to high temperature oxidation of the linear pentanone isomers: 2-pentanone and 3-pentanone." Combustion and Flame 216 (June 2020): 29–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2020.02.015.

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13

Meisehen, T., F. Bühler, R. Koppmann, and M. Krebsbach. "An analytical system for the measurement of stable hydrogen isotopes in ambient volatile organic compounds." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 8, no. 10 (2015): 4475–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-8-4475-2015.

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Abstract. Stable isotope measurements in atmospheric volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are an excellent tool to analyse chemical and dynamical processes in the atmosphere. While up to now isotope studies of VOCs in ambient air have mainly focussed on carbon isotopes, we herein present a new measurement system to investigate hydrogen isotope ratios in atmospheric VOCs. This system, consisting of a gas chromatography pyrolysis isotope ratio mass spectrometer (GC-P-IRMS) and a pre-concentration system, was thoroughly characterised using a VOC test mixture. A precision of better than 9 ‰ (in δ 2H) is achieved for n-pentane, 2-methyl-1,3-butadiene (isoprene), n-heptane, 4-methyl-pentane-2-one (4-methyl-2-pentanone), methylbenzene (toluene), n-octane, ethylbenzene, m/p-xylene and 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene. A comparison with independent measurements via elemental analysis shows an accuracy of better than 9 ‰ for n-pentane, n-heptane, 4-methyl-2-pentanone, toluene and n-octane. Above a minimum required pre-concentrated compound mass the obtained δ 2H values are constant within the standard deviations. In addition, a remarkable influence of the pyrolysis process on the isotope ratios is found and discussed. Reliable measurements are only possible if the ceramic tube used for the pyrolysis is sufficiently conditioned, i.e. the inner surface is covered with a carbon layer. It is essential to verify this conditioning regularly and to renew it if required. Furthermore, influences of a necessary H3+ correction and the pyrolysis temperature on the isotope ratios are discussed. Finally, the applicability to measure hydrogen isotope ratios in VOCs at ambient levels is demonstrated with measurements of outside air on 5 different days in February and March 2015. The measured hydrogen isotope ratios range from −136 to −105 ‰ forn-pentane, from −86 to −63 ‰ for toluene, from −39 to −15 ‰ for ethylbenzene, from −99 to −68 ‰ for m/p-xylene and from −45 to −34 ‰ for o-xylene.
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14

Meisehen, T., F. Bühler, R. Koppmann, and M. Krebsbach. "An analytical system for the measurement of stable hydrogen isotopes in ambient volatile organic compounds." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques Discussions 8, no. 7 (2015): 7093–125. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amtd-8-7093-2015.

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Abstract. Stable isotope measurements in atmospheric volatile organic compounds (VOC) are an excellent tool to analyse chemical and dynamical processes in the atmosphere. While up to now isotope studies of VOC in ambient air mainly focus on carbon isotopes, we herein present a new measurement system to investigate hydrogen isotope ratios in atmospheric VOC. This system consisting of a GC-P-IRMS (Gas Chromatography Pyrolysis Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometer) and a preconcentration system was thoroughly characterised using a working standard. A precision of better than 9 ‰ (in δD) is achieved for n-pentane, 2-methyl-1,3-butadiene (isoprene), n-heptane, 4-methyl-pentane-2-one (4-methyl-2-pentanone), methylbenzene (toluene), n-octane, ethylbenzene, m/p-xylene, and 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene. A comparison with independent measurements via elemental analysis shows an accuracy of better than 9 ‰ for n-pentane, n-heptane, 4-methyl-2-pentanone, toluene, and n-octane. Above a compound specific minimum peak area the obtained δD values are constant within the standard deviations. In addition, a remarkable influence of the pyrolysis process on the isotope ratios is found and discussed. Reliable measurements are only possible if the ceramic tube used for the pyrolysis is sufficiently conditioned, i.e. the inner surface is covered with a carbon layer. It is essential to verify this conditioning regularly and to renew it if required. Furthermore, influences of a necessary H3+ correction and the pyrolysis temperature on the isotope ratios are discussed. Finally, the applicability to measure hydrogen isotope ratios in VOC at ambient levels is demonstrated with measurements of outside air on five different days in February and March 2015. The measured hydrogen isotope ratios range from −136 to −105 ‰ for n-pentane, from −86 to −63 ‰ for toluene, from −39 to −15 ‰ for ethylbenzene, from −99 to −68 ‰ for m/p-xylene, and from −45 to −34 ‰ for o-xylene.
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15

Kamar, Afaf, Alexander Baldwin Young, and Raymond Evans March. "A comparative ion chemistry study of acetone, diacetone alcohol, and mesityl oxide." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 64, no. 10 (1986): 1979–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v86-328.

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The evolution of ion species by unimolecular and bimolecular reactions, both concurrent and sequential, has been investigated for each of 2-propanone, d6-2-propanone, 4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-pentanone, and 4-methyl-3-penten-2-one. Infrared multiphoton dissociation (IRMPD) has been used in order to differentiate between gaseous ionic isomers. It is concluded that the isomeric species, protonated 2-propanone dimer and protonated 4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-pentanone, both of m/z 117, are of different structures. The ion species C6H11O+ of m/z 99, and its perdeuterated analogue, which is observed in all three systems, may exist in two forms, one of which is unique to 2-propanone while an alternative form appears to be common to 4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-pentanone and 4-methyl-3-penten-2-one. The ion species of m/z 83 (C5H7O+) which is observed only in the latter two systems only could not be differentiated and may have a common structure. In the protonated dimers of 2-propanone and 4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-pentanone, evidence obtained by IRMPD indicates that the activation energy for dedimerization (134 kJ mol−1) is less than that for the dehydration process.
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16

Yang, Xiao-Tun, Shu-Pu Yin, Mei-Yu Huang, and Ying-Yan Jiang. "Oxygenation of 3-pentanol to 3-pentanone catalyzed by polymer–platinum complex." Polymers for Advanced Technologies 5, no. 9 (1994): 609–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pat.1994.220050926.

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17

Ren, Yangang, El Mehdi El Baramoussi, Véronique Daële, and Abdelwahid Mellouki. "Atmospheric chemistry of ketones: Reaction of OH radicals with 2-methyl-3-pentanone, 3-methyl-2-pentanone and 4-methyl-2-pentanone." Science of The Total Environment 780 (August 2021): 146249. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146249.

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18

K. Hemalatha and D. Ilangeswaran. "AN ECO-FRIENDLY PREPARATION OF 2,6- DIARYLPIPERIDIN-4-ONES USING A GLUCOSE-CHOLINE CHLORIDE DEEP EUTECTIC SOLVENT." RASAYAN Journal of Chemistry 15, no. 02 (2022): 842–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.31788/rjc.2022.1526321.

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Deep Eutectic Solvent (DES) made with Glucose & Choline Chloride is an environmentally safe and sustainable technique for 2,6-diaryl piperidine-4-ones preparation. Starting with benzaldehyde, 2 or 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, the preparation was carried out in ammonia using different ketones such as 2-pentanone, 3-pentanone, 2-propanone, 2- butanone. Under an atom-efficient method, all of the derivatives (a–f) were synthesized in good to outstanding yields. FT-IR, 1HNMR, 13CNMR, and GC-MS spectral methods were used to characterize the synthesized compounds. Choline chloride-glucose DES as a solvent has benefits over volatile organic solvents commonly utilized in similar processes.
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19

TATSUYA, SEKINE, YAGISAWA CHIYOKO, INABA KAZUHO та KURIHARA TAKASHI. "Rate Measurements of Complex Formation of lron(III) with β-Diketones in 4-Methyl-2-pentanone by Solvent Extraction Method". Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 62, Dec 1985 (1985): 936–39. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6322701.

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Department of Chemistry, Science University<sup>.</sup> of Tokyo, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162 The rate of solvent extraction of iron(III) in aqueous perchlorate solutions with three <em>&beta;</em>-diketones (HA), 1-phenyl-1,3-butanedione, 1 phenyl-4,4,4-trifluoro-1,3-butane&shy;dione, and 1,1,1-trifluoro-2,4-pentanedione,&nbsp;into 4-methyl-2-pentanone has<em> </em>been deter&shy;mined and the reaction mechanism in each system was considered. From the results, two reaction routes were concluded, (i) Fe<sup>2+</sup>&nbsp;formed complexes in the aqueous phase and the complexes thus formed were extracted and (ii) Fe<sup>3+</sup>&nbsp;was first extracted into the organic phase as ion-pairs with perchlorate ions and then underwent complex formation in that phase. From the dependence of the rate on the components, the controlling reaction was concluded in the both<em> </em>routes to be the formation of the first complex. The rate of reactions in route (i) was calculated from the rate constants in literature, and by subtracting this from the experimental data, the rate of reaction in route (ii) was obtained. The value of rate constants for the complex formation of iron(III) in 4-methyl-2-pentanone were then calculated.
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Dubey, Gyan Prakash, Seema Rani, and Prabjot Kaur. "Study of molecular interactions in binary liquid mixtures containing tri-n-butylamine with 2-pentanone, 3-pentanone, and 4-methyl-2-pentanone: A thermophysical approach." Journal of Molecular Liquids 222 (October 2016): 415–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2016.07.060.

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21

Panseri, Sara, Alessandra Manzo, Luca Maria Chiesa, and Annamaria Giorgi. "Melissopalynological and Volatile Compounds Analysis of Buckwheat Honey from Different Geographical Origins and Their Role in Botanical Determination." Journal of Chemistry 2013 (2013): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/904202.

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Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) have been proposed as one of the main factors for differentiating honeys from different botanical/floral origins. In this work, we investigated the volatile profile of honeys, commercially labeled as buckwheat honeys, from the Alps and its relationship with melissopalynological investigation. The results showed that buckwheat honey samples that contained, to different extents, buckwheat pollen grains on melissopalynological analyses showed similar VOCs profiles, distinguishing them from the other honey floral types analyzed. Among VOCs identified, 3-methylbutanal, butanoic acid, pentanoic acid, and isovaleric acid were considerably greater in the buckwheat honey samples from the Alps. Other compounds were identified only in the honeys containing buckwheat pollen grains such as 3-methyl-2-buten-1-ol, 2-butanone, 2-hydroxy-3-pentanone, 4-methylpentanoic acid, 4-pentanoic acid, butanal, 2-methylbutanal, pentanal, dihydro-2-methyl-3(2H)-furanone, 5-methylfurfural, andcis-linalool oxide. These compounds give to buckwheat honey its characteristic aromatic and organoleptic properties and may be considered interesting as potential “variety markers” for botanical determination.
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P., S. MORE, and D. SAWANT A. "Isonitroso-4-methyl-2-pentanone as an Analytical Reagent for Platinum(IV)." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 73, Jul 1996 (1996): 377–78. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5902102.

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Department of&nbsp;Chemistry.&nbsp;The lnstitute&nbsp;of Science,&nbsp;15 Madam Cama Road. Bombay-400 032 <em>Manuscript received 5 May 1994,&nbsp;revised&nbsp;19 October 1994,&nbsp;accepted 14 November&nbsp;19</em>94 Isonitroso-4-methyl-2-pentanone as an Analytical Reagent for Platinum(IV).
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23

Aschmann, Sara M., Janet Arey, and Roger Atkinson. "Reaction of OH radicals with 5-hydroxy-2-pentanone: formation yield of 4-oxopentanal and its OH radical reaction rate constant." Environmental Chemistry 10, no. 3 (2013): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/en12146.

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Environmental context Alkanes, major constituents of vehicle exhausts, are emitted to the atmosphere where they react, chiefly by gas-phase reactions with the hydroxyl radical, to form products which can also react further. In laboratory experiments, we studied the further reactions of a model first-generation alkane reaction product. Understanding alkane reaction chains is important because the toxicity, secondary aerosol formation and other properties of vehicle emissions can change as new compounds are formed. Abstract 1,4-Hydroxycarbonyls are major products of the gas-phase reactions of alkanes with OH radicals, and in the atmosphere they will react with OH radicals or undergo acid-catalysed cyclisation with subsequent dehydration to form highly reactive dihydrofurans. 3-Oxobutanal (CH3C(O)CH2CHO) and 4-oxopentanal (CH3C(O)CH2CH2CHO) are first-generation products of the OH radical-initiated reaction of 5-hydroxy-2-pentanone (CH3C(O)CH2CH2CH2OH). The behaviours of 3-oxobutanal and 4-oxopentanal have been monitored during OH+5-hydroxy-2-pentanone reactions carried out in the presence of NO, using solid phase microextraction fibres coated with O-(2,3,4,5,6,-pentafluorobenzyl)hydroxyl amine (PFBHA) for on-fibre derivatisation of carbonyl compounds and an annular denuder coated with XAD resin and further coated with PFBHA. The time-concentration data for 4-oxopentanal during OH+5-hydroxy-2-pentanone reactions were independent of relative humidity (0–50%), and were consistent with a rate constant for OH+4-oxopentanal of (1.2±0.5)×10–11cm3 molecule–1s–1 at 296±2K, a factor of 2 lower than both literature rate constants for other aldehydes and that estimated using a structure-reactivity approach. The molar formation yield for 4-oxopentanal from OH+5-hydroxy-2-pentanone in the presence of NO was determined to be 17±5%, consistent with predictions based on a structure-reactivity relationship and current knowledge of the subsequent reaction mechanisms.
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24

AKKURT, Mehmet, Sema ÖZTÜRK, and Semra IDE. "Crystal Structure of 3-Pentanone Semicarbazone." Analytical Sciences 16, no. 6 (2000): 667–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2116/analsci.16.667.

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25

Petersen, B. R., J. B. Ghandhi, and J. D. Koch. "Fluorescence saturation measurements of 3-pentanone." Applied Physics B 93, no. 2-3 (2008): 639–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00340-008-3189-x.

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26

Swapna, Gadala, and Amrutha V. Audipudi. "Physiological and Biochemical Attributes of an Endophyte Stenotrophomonas maltophila, AVSW 1 Isolated from Chilli on PGP of Tomato." Current Agriculture Research Journal 12, no. 2 (2024): 873–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/carj.12.2.30.

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This study aims to understand the role of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia AVSW 1, a chilli root endophytic bacteria, in promoting plant growth and fungal antagonism against Fusarium oxysporum in tomato. Ability of AVSW1 in terms of fungal antagonism, SEM analysis of root colonization, growth optimization and enhancement of the production of Indole-3-aceticacid, Ammonia and siderophore, and phosphate solubilisation followed by in vitro plant growth promotion of tomato using seed bacterization were evaluated. using GC-MS and HPLC analysis of volatile compounds and secondary metabolites of AVSW1was also studied. AVSW1 showed 26.3μg/ml of Ammonia production, 19.33 μg of IAA production, 60.67 psu of Siderophore and 91.67ppm of phosphate solubilisation under optimised growth conditions(350C, pH7,1% NaCl,1% Fructose, 1% Peptone and 60 h incubation).Growth parameters like root length, shoot height, no. of leaves and lateral roots, biomass, and protein and carbohydrate are much higher in AVSW 1 inoculated plants compared to untreated control .GC-MS analysis revealed that 2-Pentanone,4-Hydroxy-4-methyl, Cyclopropane,1-(1-Methylethyl)-2-Nonyl-Glycine, N-Acetyl-N(Trifluoroacetyl), MethylEster2-Acetoxy Isobutyryl Chloride, propanoic Acid, 2-Oxo-, Methyl Ester Pentanoic Acid 4-Oxo,5-Hydroxy pentane hydroxyl amine Ethanol,2-(Octyloxy), 2-Cyclopenten-1-One, 2-Hydroxy-3,4-Dimethyl and 2,2- Di methyl tetrahydro pyran-4-ol are pivotal compounds of S. maltophilia AVSW1 responsible for fungal antibiosis and root colonization to promote growth in tomato seedlings.
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27

Xie, L., and W. H. Saunders Jr. "Isotope Effects in Kinetic Enolate Formation from 2-Pentanoneand 2-Pentanone-1,1,1-d3." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 44, no. 5 (1989): 413–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-1989-0510.

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2-Pentanone and 2-pentanone-1,1,1-d3 were treated with three-fold excesses of lithium diisopropylamide (LDA) or lithium hexamethyldisilazide (LHMDS) in tetrahydrofuran (THF) with and without hexamethylphosphoric triamide (HMPA, 3 mol per mol of base) at temperatures ranging from 24 to - 70 °C. The deuterium kinetic isotope effects calculated from the product ratios (measured by GLC as trimethylsilyl enol ethers) showed a range of temperature dependences: none (LDA in THF), attenuated with AH/AD = 2.53 (LHMDS in THF), and normal with AH/AD~0.6 indicating moderate tunneling (LDA and LHMDS in THF-HMPA). The variation in temperature dependence is attributed to reaction via multiple base species in which HMPA affects the equilibria between the base species.
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28

Kamar, Afaf, Alexander Baldwin Young, and Raymond Evans March. "Experimentally determined proton affinities of 4-methyl-3-penten-2-one, 2-propyl ethanoate, and 4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-pentanone in the gas phase." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 64, no. 12 (1986): 2368–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v86-391.

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Proton affinities have been determined for 4-methyl-3-penten-2-one, 2-propyl ethanoate, and 4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-pentanone in the gas phase at 333 K. A quadrupole ion store (QUISTOR) was employed to study mass spectrometrically the equilibrium between a species of known proton affinity and one of the above compounds; equilibrium between protonated species was monitored over an ion storage duration of 100 ms. The values of the proton affinities were found to be 870.5 ± 0.8 kJ mol−1 for 4-methyl-3-penten-2-one (mesityl oxide); 842.7 ± 0.6 kJ mol−1 for 2-propyl ethanoate; and 831.6 ± 0.8 kJ mol−1 for 4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-pentanone (diacetone alcohol).
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29

Yang, Jinfan, Ning Li, Shanshan Li, et al. "Synthesis of diesel and jet fuel range alkanes with furfural and ketones from lignocellulose under solvent free conditions." Green Chem. 16, no. 12 (2014): 4879–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4gc01314j.

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30

Yasumoto, Ryo, Yoshiyuki Matsuda, and Asuka Fujii. "Infrared spectroscopic observation of the McLafferty rearrangement in ionized 2-pentanone." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 22, no. 34 (2020): 19230–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0cp02602f.

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The isomerization mechanism of ionized 2-pentanone is investigated by infrared predissociation spectroscopy and theoretical calculations. The observation of OH stretch demonstrates its enolization through the McLafferty rearrangement.
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31

Perumgani, Pullaiah C., Srinivas Keesara, Saiprathima Parvathaneni, and Mohan Rao Mandapati. "Polystyrene supported N-phenylpiperazine–Cu(ii) complex: an efficient and reusable catalyst for KA2-coupling reactions under solvent-free conditions." New Journal of Chemistry 40, no. 6 (2016): 5113–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5nj03272e.

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Propargylamines were synthesized in excellent yields from cyclohexanone and pentanone with a variety of secondary amines and alkynes by employing a new polystyrene supported N-phenylpiperazine–Cu(ii) complex 4c.
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32

Mezmale, Linda, Marcis Leja, Anna Marija Lescinska, et al. "Identification of Volatile Markers of Colorectal Cancer from Tumor Tissues Using Volatilomic Approach." Molecules 28, no. 16 (2023): 5990. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28165990.

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The human body releases numerous volatile organic compounds (VOCs) through tissues and various body fluids, including breath. These compounds form a specific chemical profile that may be used to detect the colorectal cancer CRC-related changes in human metabolism and thereby diagnose this type of cancer. The main goal of this study was to investigate the volatile signatures formed by VOCs released from the CRC tissue. For this purpose, headspace solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was applied. In total, 163 compounds were detected. Both cancerous and non-cancerous tissues emitted 138 common VOCs. Ten volatiles (2-butanone; dodecane; benzaldehyde; pyridine; octane; 2-pentanone; toluene; p-xylene; n-pentane; 2-methyl-2-propanol) occurred in at least 90% of both types of samples; 1-propanol in cancer tissue (86% in normal one), acetone in normal tissue (82% in cancer one). Four compounds (1-propanol, pyridine, isoprene, methyl thiolacetate) were found to have increased emissions from cancer tissue, whereas eleven showed reduced release from this type of tissue (2-butanone; 2-pentanone; 2-methyl-2-propanol; ethyl acetate; 3-methyl-1-butanol; d-limonene; tetradecane; dodecanal; tridecane; 2-ethyl-1-hexanol; cyclohexanone). The outcomes of this study provide evidence that the VOCs signature of the CRC tissue is altered by the CRC. The volatile constituents of this distinct signature can be emitted through exhalation and serve as potential biomarkers for identifying the presence of CRC. Reliable identification of the VOCs associated with CRC is essential to guide and tune the development of advanced sensor technologies that can effectively and sensitively detect and quantify these markers.
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33

Shen, Tao, Chenjie Zhu, Chenglun Tang, et al. "Production of liquid hydrocarbon fuels with 3-pentanone and platform molecules derived from lignocellulose." RSC Advances 6, no. 67 (2016): 62974–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra14789e.

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34

Qin, Tingting, Yaru Dang, Tiejun Lin, et al. "Single-atom Ru catalyst for selective synthesis of 3-pentanone via ethylene hydroformylation." Green Chemistry 23, no. 22 (2021): 9038–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1gc02464g.

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A Ru single-atom (Ru SA) catalyst supported on activated carbon was adopted to synthesize 3-pentanone with 83.3% selectivity via heterogeneous ethylene hydroformylation, while 52.1% ethane selectivity was obtained for Ru nanoparticles (Ru NPs).
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35

Kleber, Astrid, Felix Maurer, Dominik Lorenz, et al. "Metabolism of 3-pentanone under inflammatory conditions." Journal of Breath Research 10, no. 4 (2016): 047101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1752-7155/10/4/047101.

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36

Scognamiglio, J., C. S. Letizia, and A. M. Api. "Fragrance material review on cyclohexyl methyl pentanone." Food and Chemical Toxicology 62 (December 2013): S138—S143. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2013.07.056.

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37

Luck, Rudy L., and G. David Mendenhall. "2,4,4-Trimethyl-2-phenyl-3-pentanone oxime." Acta Crystallographica Section C Crystal Structure Communications 56, no. 5 (2000): 602–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0108270100002754.

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38

Barmet, P., J. Dommen, P. F. DeCarlo, et al. "OH clock determination by proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry at an environmental chamber." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques Discussions 4, no. 6 (2011): 7471–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amtd-4-7471-2011.

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Abstract. The hydroxyl free radical (OH) is the major oxidizing species in the lower atmosphere. Measuring the OH concentration is generally difficult and involves elaborate, expensive, custom-made experimental setups. Thus other more economical techniques, capable of determining OH concentrations at environmental chambers, would be valuable. This work is based on an indirect method of OH concentration measurement, by monitoring an appropriate OH tracer by proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry (PTR-MS). 3-pentanol, 3-pentanone and pinonaldehyde (PA) were used as OH tracers in α-pinene (AP) secondary organic aerosol (SOA) aging studies. In addition we tested butanol-d9 as potential "universal" OH tracer and determined its reaction rate constant with OH: kbutanol-d9 = 3.4(±0.88) · 10−12 cm3molecule−1s−1. In order to make the chamber studies more comparable among each other as well as to atmospheric measurements we suggest the use of a chemical (time) dimension:~the OH clock, which corresponds to the integrated OH concentration over time.
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39

Barmet, P., J. Dommen, P. F. DeCarlo, et al. "OH clock determination by proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry at an environmental chamber." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 5, no. 3 (2012): 647–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-5-647-2012.

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Abstract. The hydroxyl free radical (OH) is the major oxidizing species in the lower atmosphere. Measuring the OH concentration is generally difficult and involves elaborate, expensive, custom-made experimental setups. Thus other more economical techniques, capable of determining OH concentrations at environmental chambers, would be valuable. This work is based on an indirect method of OH concentration measurement, by monitoring an appropriate OH tracer by proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry (PTR-MS). 3-pentanol, 3-pentanone and pinonaldehyde (PA) were used as OH tracers in α-pinene (AP) secondary organic aerosol (SOA) aging studies. In addition we tested butanol-d9 as a potential "universal" OH tracer and determined its reaction rate constant with OH: kbutanol-d9 = 3.4(±0.88) × 10−12 cm3 molecule−1 s−1. In order to make the chamber studies more comparable among each other as well as to atmospheric measurements we suggest the use of a chemical (time) dimension: the OH clock, which corresponds to the integrated OH concentration over time.
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40

Machielsen, Ronnie, Agustinus R. Uria, Servé W. M. Kengen, and John van der Oost. "Production and Characterization of a Thermostable Alcohol Dehydrogenase That Belongs to the Aldo-Keto Reductase Superfamily." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 72, no. 1 (2006): 233–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.72.1.233-238.2006.

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ABSTRACT The gene encoding a novel alcohol dehydrogenase that belongs to the aldo-keto reductase superfamily has been identified in the hyperthermophilic archaeon Pyrococcus furiosus. The gene, referred to as adhD, was functionally expressed in Escherichia coli and subsequently purified to homogeneity. The enzyme has a monomeric conformation with a molecular mass of 32 kDa. The catalytic activity of the enzyme increases up to 100°C, and a half-life value of 130 min at this temperature indicates its high thermostability. AdhD exhibits a broad substrate specificity with, in general, a preference for the reduction of ketones (pH optimum, 6.1) and the oxidation of secondary alcohols (pH optimum, 8.8). Maximal specific activities were detected with 2,3-butanediol (108.3 U/mg) and diacetyl-acetoin (22.5 U/mg) in the oxidative and reductive reactions, respectively. Gas chromatrography analysis indicated that AdhD produced mainly (S)-2-pentanol (enantiomeric excess, 89%) when 2-pentanone was used as substrate. The physiological role of AdhD is discussed.
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41

Mezyk, Stephen P., Annett Lossack, and David M. Bartels. "Rate constants for the reaction of the hydrogen atom with aliphatic ketones in water." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 75, no. 8 (1997): 1114–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v97-133.

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Arrhenius parameters for the reaction of hydrogen atoms with 3-methyl-2-butanone, 3-pentanone, cyclopentanone, 4-methyl-2-pentanone, and 2-butanone in aqueous solution have been directly calculated from electron paramagnetic resonance free induction decay (FID) attenuation measurements. For these compounds, absolute scavenging rate constants at 25.0 °C of (8.84 ± 0.26) × 107, (4.20 ± 0.15) × 107, (4.91 ± 0.28) × 107, (3.25 ± 0.27) × 107, and (2.20 ± 0.32) × 107 dm3 mol−1 s−1, with corresponding activation energies of 17.43 ± 0.29, 20.69 ± 0.31, 18.73 ± 0.36, 22.24 ± 0.80, and 22.30 ± 1.04 kJ mol−1 were determined, respectively. Competition kinetic measurements based on total H2 yields have established that for all of these ketones the dominant hydrogen atom reaction path is by •H atom abstraction. The new activation energy for 2-butanone is much lower than the previously reported value of 40.1 ± 0.7 kJ mol−1 with this difference attributed to interfering reactions from the added bromide previously used as a hydroxyl radical scavenger. Keywords: Arrhenius, kinetics, hydrogen atom, aqueous, ketones.
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42

Daher, Sawsan, and Fazil O. Gülaçar. "Identification of New Aromatic Compounds in the New Zealand Manuka Honey by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry." E-Journal of Chemistry 7, s1 (2010): S7—S14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/472769.

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Analysis of aromatic compounds in the New Zealand manuka honey was carried out by solid phase microextraction followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. A total of 38 compounds were detected. Seven of them such as; 1,4-bis(x-methoxyphenyl)-but-2-en-1-one, 1,5-bis(x-methoxyphenyl)-pent-3-en-1-one, 1,4-bis(x-methoxyphenyl)-1-pentanone, 1,6-bis(x-methoxyphenyl)-3-heptene, 1,6-bis(x-methoxyphenyl)-hex-2(3 or 4)-en-1-one and 2(3, 4 or 5)-hydroxy-1,6-bis(x-methoxyphenyl)-1-hexanone, had never before been identified as natural products. Their structures were deduced from the mass spectral data. Seven other compounds; 2,3-dimethoxynaphthalene, 4-(x-methoxyphenyl)-1-phenyl-1-butanone, desoxyanisoin, 2,6-dimethoxybenzoic acid benzyl ester, 4,4'-dimethoxystilbene, 3,3,4,5,5,8-hexamethyl-2,3,5,6-tetrahydro-s-indacene-1,7-dione and 1,5-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-pentane-1,5-dione, were found in honey for the first time. Methyl syringate,ortho-methoxyacetophenone and 3-phenyllactic acid were the most abundant components.
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43

Atkinson, Roger, Ernesto C. Tuazon, and Sara M. Aschmann. "Atmospheric Chemistry of 2-Pentanone and 2-Heptanone." Environmental Science & Technology 34, no. 4 (2000): 623–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es9909374.

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44

Ramanjappa, T., and E. Rajagopal. "Ultrasonic behavior of the system water + 3-pentanone." Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data 33, no. 4 (1988): 482–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/je00054a027.

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45

Lan, Ethan I., Yasumasa Dekishima, Derrick S. Chuang, and James C. Liao. "Metabolic engineering of 2-pentanone synthesis inEscherichia coli." AIChE Journal 59, no. 9 (2013): 3167–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.14086.

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46

Kerscher, Roland, and Werner Grosch. "Quantification of 2-Methyl-3-furanthiol, 2-Furfurylthiol, 3-Mercapto-2-pentanone, and 2-Mercapto-3-pentanone in Heated Meat." Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 46, no. 5 (1998): 1954–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf970892v.

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47

Katyal, R. C., Sukhmehar Singh, V. K. Rattan, Pawan Kanda, and Sanigdha Acharya. "Viscosities, Densities, and Ultrasonic Velocities of 3-Pentanone + Ethylbenzene and 3-Pentanone +o-Xylene at (293.15, 303.15, and 313.15) K." Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data 48, no. 5 (2003): 1262–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/je030151s.

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48

Tanaka, Katsuyuki. "Measurement of critical parameters for 1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nonafluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-3-pentanone." Netsu Bussei 31, no. 2 (2017): 66–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.2963/jjtp.31.66.

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49

Lam, King-Yiu, David F. Davidson, and Ronald K. Hanson. "High-Temperature Measurements of the Reactions of OH with a Series of Ketones: Acetone, 2-Butanone, 3-Pentanone, and 2-Pentanone." Journal of Physical Chemistry A 116, no. 23 (2012): 5549–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp303853h.

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50

Uma, Karpurapu, Narender Raju Panjagari, Rakesh Kumar Raman, et al. "Headspace volatile markers of Sandesh, a chhana-based delicacy stored at elevated temperatures." Indian Journal of Dairy Science 77, no. 2 (2024): 97–109. https://doi.org/10.33785/ijds.2024.v77i02.001.

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The present study explores the headspace volatiles of Sandesh (dessert made from heat acid coagulated milk) that contribute to the product quality during storage. Sandesh is packaged in clear and dark-coloured glass containers and stored at 30 °C and 45 °C in an incubator. Sandesh quality during the storage was estimated by biochemical, microbiological and sensory analysis. The concentration of head-space volatiles was simultaneously determined by employing headspace solid-phase micro-extraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS). The identified volatiles were pertaining to various functional groups, which include acids, alcohols, ketones, aldehydes, alkanes, alkenes, amines, amides, esters and ethers. As a result, acetic acid, propanoic acid, valeric acid and butyric acid were suggested as headspace freshness markers, while spoilage markers were identified as 1-hexanol 2-ethyl-; 1-hexanol; 3-aminomethyl-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexanoltrans-; 1-propanol, 2-amino-; pentane, 2-methyl; hexane, 2,4-dimethyl-; hexane, 3-methyl; n-hexane; acetone; 2-heptanone;2-pentanone. The obtained volatile markers are essential to develop the intelligent packaging systems for monitoring the product’s quality
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