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Sultan, Khurram, Saja Akram, Sara Abdulhaliq, Deema Jamal, and Rezan Saleem. "A Strategic Approach to the Consumer Perception of Brand on the Basis of Brand Awareness and Brand Loyalty." International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science (2147-4478) 8, no. 3 (May 10, 2019): 33–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.20525/ijrbs.v8i3.259.
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In this study, the consumer perception for brand awareness and brand loyalty for two famous brands of soft drinks Coca Cola and Pepsi, has been evaluated. For this purpose, the effects of consumer perception of Coke and Pepsi were analysed for consumer association to these brands. The objectives of the study are multi fold (I) Studying onthe consumers preferences (II) to illustrate which brand’s advertisement mostly people have seen, (iii) demonstrate the reason to buy cola drinks or Pepsi drinks (iv) assessment of the creation of a top of mind awareness about COCA COLA in, Erbil KRI by providing the information to consumers. Sample size were selected 50 consumers of drinks (PePsi and Coca Cola ). Data collected and analyzed by using Microsoft office 2010 version. Results revealed that consumers of Pepsi and Coca cola most of the consumer found toward coca cola and they like coca cola as compare to Pepsi and the reason behind it is the strong taste of coca cola such as 60 % people answered that they remember more advertisement as compare to Pepsi and others. and 90% said coca cola is easily available in their approach and also 70 % people answer that they like coca cola due to its strong taste so the overall research survey for Coke and Pepsi has revealed that Coke is more adopted brand then that of Pepsi and recommendations are recommended such as perception leads to the brand loyalty, thus brands in general and Coke and Pepsi needs to focus on the point that its consumers are made to perceive more value from the brand which can come through assuring them about quality of product and other factor i.e. best price, best value, availability, trend etc.
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Ali, Aamir, Muhammad Ayaz Afridi, Muhammad Mansoor, Waqas Chohan, Aasir Ali, and Hafiz Muhammad Zaheer Afzal. "Evaluation of Various Carbonated Soft Drinks to Assess their Effects on Human Health." Scientific Inquiry and Review 6, no. 3 (September 15, 2022): 46–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.32350/sir.63.03.
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Sugar, citric acid, phosphoric acid, and caffeine are extensively present in soft drinks. The high concentrations of these elements have harmful effects on human health. A series of nine carbonated drinks namely Pepsi, Mountain Dew, 7-up, Mirinda, Coca cola, Sprite, Fanta, Amrat cola, and Amrat lemon were collected from the open market of Peshawar, Pakistan. Various physicochemical parameters were measured to evaluate the quality of the collected drinks. Brix (Total dissolved solids) were found to be 11.40, 11.90, 10.70, 12.90, 10.37, 10.0, 13.00, 10.6, and 10.20% in Pepsi, Mountain Dew, 7-up, Mirinda, Coca-cola, Sprite, Fanta, Amrat cola, and Amrat lemon, respectively. CO2 gas volume (G. V) was found to be 3.60, 3.20, 3.70, 1.80, 3.80, 3.80, 1.80, 3.80, and 3.70 G.V in Pepsi, Mountain Dew, 7-up, Mirinda, Coca-cola Sprite Fanta, Amrat cola, and Amrat lemon, respectively. Caffeine was found only in Pepsi, Coca cola, Amrat cola, and Mountain Dew, having a concentration of 103, 105, 109, and 146 mg/L, respectively. Pepsi, Coca cola, and Amrat cola were free of citric acid. The citric acid amounts were 1337.6, 1459.2, 1816.32, 1196.8, 1664, and 1216 mg/L in Mountain Dew, 7-up, Mirinda, Sprite, Fanta, and Amrat lemon, respectively. Phosphoric acid was found only in Pepsi, Coca cola, and Amrat cola, in the amounts of 583.1, 490, and 588 mg/L, respectively. It is concluded that the frequent use of carbonated soft drinks (CSD) could cause serious health damage.
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Liebig-Braunholz, Silke. "Pepsi Cola." Lebensmittel Zeitung 73, no. 26 (2021): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.51202/0947-7527-2021-26-048.
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Bueno, Lígia, and Thiago R. L. C. Paixão. "A Single Platinum Microelectrode for Identifying Soft Drink Samples." International Journal of Electrochemistry 2012 (2012): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/264035.
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Cyclic voltammograms recorded with a single platinum microelectrode were used along with a non-supervised pattern recognition, namely, Principal Component Analysis, to conduct a qualitative analysis of sixteen different brands of carbonated soft drinks (Kuat, Soda Antarctica, H2OH!, Sprite 2.0, Guarana Antarctica, Guarana Antarctica Zero, Coca-Cola, Coca-Cola Zero, Coca-Cola Plus, Pepsi, Pepsi Light, Pepsi Twist, Pepsi Twist Light, Pepsi Twist 3, Schin Cola, and Classic Dillar’s). In this analysis, soft drink samples were not subjected to pre-treatment. Good differentiation among all the analysed soft drinks was achieved using the voltammetric data. An analysis of the loading plots shows that the potentials of −0.65 V, −0.4 V, 0.4 V, and 0.750 V facilitated the discrimination process. The electrochemical processes related to this potential are the reduction of hydrogen ions and inhibition of the platinum oxidation by the caffeine adsorption on the electrode surface. Additionally, the single platinum microelectrode was useful for the quality control of the soft drink samples, as it helped to identify the time at which the beverage was opened.
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Taylor, Fiona C., Ambika Satija, Swati Khurana, Gurpreet Singh, and Shah Ebrahim. "Pepsi and Coca Cola in Delhi, India: availability, price and sales." Public Health Nutrition 14, no. 4 (October 6, 2010): 653–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980010002442.
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AbstractObjectiveIndia is experiencing increased consumption of sugar-sweetened carbonated drinks, consumption that may be associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes and obesity. The aim of the study was to determine the availability, price and quantity sold of ‘Pepsi’ and ‘Coca Cola’ in their ‘regular’ and ‘diet’ forms in Delhi and London.DesignA questionnaire about the availability, price and quantity sold per day of both regular and diet Pepsi and Coca Cola was devised and piloted. Using this, a survey of food and drink outlets within a 100 m radius of randomly selected Metro stations was conducted in both cities.SubjectsStore vendors, owners and staff of food and drink outlets.SettingDelhi, India; London, United Kingdom.ResultsIn Delhi, of the outlets stocking regular Pepsi and Coca Cola, only 34 % sold diet versions and these were more readily available in the most affluent areas than in the poorest areas (34 %v. 6 %,Z= 3·67,P< 0·001). This social patterning was not observed in London. Little price differential between regular and diet versions of Pepsi and Coca Cola was observed in Delhi; however, profit margins were better for regular, relative to diet, Coca Cola. Sales of regular products were significantly greater than those of diet products (P< 0·002).ConclusionsLow availability of diet versions of Pepsi and Coca Cola in less affluent areas of Delhi is likely to exacerbate the obesity and diabetes trends. Price differentials to promote diet versions and other healthier or traditional low-energy drinks may be beneficial.
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Offurum, J. C., T. M. Ibeto, and A. A. Nwakaudu. "EVALUATION OF THE SUGAR CONTENT OF SELECTED COKE DRINKS." JOURNAL OF THE NIGERIAN SOCIETY OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERS 37, no. 1 (April 1, 2022): 84–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.51975/22370107.som.
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This research work is aimed at the Evaluation of sugar contents of Selected Coke Drinks. The study was motivated by the increasing global concern of reported cases of sugar-related ill health. Three different Coke drinks namely; RC, Pepsi and Coca-cola were tested to determine the amount of sugar present in the drinks. The selection of these three products was justified by the fact that they are the most commonly consumed coke drinks (amongst others), as reviewed. The soft drink bottles were purchased from “Everyday” supermarket in Owerri, Imo State; analysis was conducted on the samples at the New Concept Laboratory, Obinze Owerri. The parameters tested include pH, Total soluble sugar, Reducing sugar, Total reducing sugar, Sucrose, Glucose and Fructose. The results of the analysis showed that the pH of the three samples were 2.19, 2.21 and 2.27 for RC, Pepsi and Coca-Cola respectively. The Total Soluble Sugar was 8.50%, 10.20% and 7.20% for RC, Pepsi and Coca-cola products respectively. Also in that order, the Reducing sugar was gotten as 8.22%, 11.75%, and 10.18% respectively, while the Total reducing sugar was found to be 18.27%, 17.97% and 15.16% respectively. The sucrose content was 154.56% for RC, 148.53% for Pepsi and 125.06% for Coca-Cola. The glucose and fructose were 1.13%, 0.82%, 1.03% and 7.09%, 10.93% and 9.15% both for RC, Pepsi and Coca-Cola products respectively. Generally, RC was found to have the highest percentage of sugar content amongst the three samples examined. It is, thus, recommended that there should be prudent check in the rate of soft drink consumption, especially those that contain high sugar and phosphoric acids value (as are obtainable in our locality); also drinking plenty of water, instead of sugary drinks like soft drink, is better due to its high sugar and acidic contents. Keywords: Coke, Drinks, Evaluation, Sugar Content.
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Hong, C. Y., C. C. Shieh, P. Wu, and B. N. Chiang. "The Spermicidal Potency of Coca-Cola and Pepsi-Cola." Human Toxicology 6, no. 5 (September 1987): 395–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096032718700600508.
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The inhibitory effect of Old Coke, caffeine-free New Coke, New Coke, Diet Coke and Pepsi-Cola on human sperm motility was studied with a trans-membrane migration method. None of them could decrease sperm motility to less than 70% of control within one hour. A previous study which claimed a marked variation of spermicidal potencies among different formulations of Coca-Cola could not be confirmed. Even if cola has a spermicidal effect, its potency is relatively weak as compared with other well-known spermicidal agents.
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Mende, Jan, Hans-Jürgen Schulz, Werner Tewes, Miriam Hebben, and Manfred Stockburger. "Edeka droht Cola-Engpass." Lebensmittel Zeitung 73, no. 50 (2021): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.51202/0947-7527-2021-50-004.
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Hebben, Miriam. "PepsiCo will Coke Kunden abjagen." Lebensmittel Zeitung 73, no. 19 (2021): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.51202/0947-7527-2021-19-012.
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Der US-Riese PepsiCo findet sich mit seiner vergleichsweise schwachen Position in Deutschland nicht ab. Der Abstand auf Coca-Cola soll schrumpfen. Mit der bisher größten Kampagne für die Marke Pepsi adressiert die Nummer zwei den Marktführer direkt.
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Duan, Jiabao. "Analysis of Coca-cola's Characteristics and Financial Indicators." BCP Business & Management 34 (December 14, 2022): 946–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.54691/bcpbm.v34i.3115.
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Coca-Cola is by far the world's largest beverage company, with a market share of 48 percent worldwide. Coca-Cola was founded in 1886. From a drink sold only in drugstores to a famous cola in more than 200 cities, the company has made a lot of changes. Coca-Cola has become a benchmark in the global beverage industry, and some of its decisions or strategic changes may affect the global economy. Therefore, understanding the basic information and financial situation of Coca-Cola Company is a required item for many companies and individuals. Through SWOT analysis and calculation of some financial ratios (comparing Coca-Cola and Pepsi), this paper conducts a analysis and provides suggestions on the strengths, weaknesses, external opportunities, external threats and financial conditions of Coca-Cola. According to the analysis, Coca-Cola should do more research and development to make its products more novel, and it should reduce the production cost appropriately and strive for greater profit space. Secondly, Coca-Cola needs to sell a large number of inventory goods as soon as possible, replan the inventory number of products, and strengthen the operation of funds. The final recommendation is that Coca-Cola is a good company for people to invest in.
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Yuniarti, Rozmita Dewi, and Ridwan Subhi Aprianti. "PENGARUH IN STORE DISPLAY TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN MINUMAN BERKARBONASI COCA-COLA (Survei pada Konsumen di Carrefour Paris Van Java Sukajadi Bandung)." Strategic : Jurnal Pendidikan Manajemen Bisnis 9, no. 1 (February 13, 2009): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/strategic.v9i1.1059.
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Industri minuman berkarbonasi yang saat ini masih dikuasai oleh Coca-Cola Company dengan perolehan pangsa pasar paling tinggi dibanding dengan pesaingnya pepsi cola maupun Multi Bintang Indonesia yang meluncurkan produk Green Sands. Akan tetapi meskipun pangsa pasar minuman berkarbonasi dikuasai Coca-Cola Company saat ini terjadi persaingan antar sesama produk Coca-Cola bahkan pada tahun 2006 Brand Share minuman berkarbonasi dikuasai oleh merek Fanta 33,7%, merek Coca-Cola sebesar 28,5%, merek Sprite sebesar 30,9%, Pepsi Cola sebesar 0,9%. Salah satu keberhasilan Fanta dalam menggeser Coca-Cola adalah strategi yang diterapkan Fanta yaitu diferensiasi dan target sasarannya adalah anak remaja, diferensiasi Fanta adalah dari rasa. Untuk itu Coca-cola sebagai merek minuman berkarbonasi paling tua terus melakukan strategi in store display yang belum di masuki pesaing sejenis. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah untuk mengetahui gambaran in store display dan keputusan pembelian Coca-Cola di Carrefour Paris Van Java, serta Menjelaskan seberapa besar pengaruh in store display terhadap keputusan pembelian Coca-Cola di Carrefour Paris Van Java.Berdasarkan variabel yang diteliti maka jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif dan verifikatif. Jangka waktu penelitian bersifat cross sectional method. Populasi penelitian ini berjumlah 1.291 orang konsumen Coca-Cola di Carrefour Paris Van Java Jl Sukajadi Bandung, yang merupakan rata-rata konsumen perbulan. Berdasarkan teknik penarikan sampel secara systematic random sampling dan dengan menggunakan rumus Slovin diperoleh sampel sebesar 93 sampel, namun untuk meningkatkan keakuratan maka jumlah sampel yang diteliti ditambah sehingga berjumlah 100 sampel. Data yang digunakan adalah data primer dan sekunder dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, observasi, penyebaran kuesioner dan studi literatur. Analisis data dan uji hipotesis menggunakan analisis jalur (path analysis) dengan bantuan software komputer SPSS 15, teknik analisis jalur ini digunakan untuk mengetahui pengaruh langsung maupun tidak langsung dari setiap variabel bebas terhadap variabel terikat.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan in store display secara umum sudah baik dengan indikator branding dalam kemudahan mengenali merek Coca-Cola pada rak pajangan (display) merupakan dimensi yang paling tinggi mendapatkan skor, sedangkan perolehan hasil skor paling rendah diperoleh indikator modularity ditinjau dari segi kesesuaian rak pajangan dengan merek Coca-Cola yang baru. Keputusan pembelian yang terdiri dari pemilihan produk, pemilihan merek, pemilihan saluran pembelian, waktu pembelian, dan jumlah pembelia secara umum sudah baik dengan indikator kepercayaan terhadap merek memperoleh skor yang paling tinggi, sedangkan pemilihan berdasarkan waktu pembelian ditinjau dari ketidakteraturan pembelian mendapatkan skor yang paling rendah. In store display berpengaruh secara positif terhadap keputusan pembelian, sehingga setiap kegiatan promosi yang dibentuk dengan perencanaan yang baik dalam pelaksanaan in store display akan mempengaruhi keputusan pembelian.
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Hossain, Md Kamal, Subrata Kumar, and Mohammad Ataur Rahman. "Consumer Perception of Selecting Brand: A Comparative Study between Pepsi Cola and Mojo Cola." Global Disclosure of Economics and Business 5, no. 1 (June 30, 2016): 47–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.18034/gdeb.v5i1.128.
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Consumers are so much conscious and sensitive in case of selecting brand .This study investigates the impact of consumer’s perception in selecting beverage products between Pepsi cola & Mojo cola. A survey was conducted by a significant number of respondents from the Pabna University of Science & Technology & surrounding areas. The data analyses were conducted by descriptive factor analysis, statistical tools & technique. The results revealed that the most of the consumers are highly concerned about the perception of brand regarding selection of Pepsi cola & Mojo cola beverage drinks. This is a relatively new issue that remains largely undiscovered by researchers under our country’s perspective. It is hoped that the findings may assist the local (Akij Beverage Ltd.) and multinational (Transcom Beverage Ltd.) beverage companies about the necessities of enhancing their brand perception. The paper adds to the existing body of research on beverage consumers particularly on consumer’s perceptions and expectations from these brands.
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Lehu, Jean-Marc. "Pepsi-Cola : L'été de tous les dangers." Décisions Marketing 4 (January 1, 1995): 7–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.7193/dm.004.07.14.
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Yazid, Edy Agustian, Abdul Wafi, and Agustin Eka Wulandari. "Spectrophotometric Methods for the Determination of Caffeine in Beverages Use Solvent Extraction Techniques and Adsorption of Activated Carbon." Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry 5, no. 4 (December 22, 2021): 338–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.25026/jtpc.v5i4.308.
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Kafein memiliki kegunaan terapeutik yang luas, banyak digunakan di bidang farmasi sebagai analgesik, dan mengurangi demam. Kafein juga banyak ditambahkan sebagai zat penyedap pada minuman ringan seperti coca cola dan minuman energi. Konsumsi kafein yang berlebihan atau dalam jangka panjang dapat berdampak negatif bagi kesehatan. Kandungan kafein dalam minuman bervariasi menurut mereknya, dari 10 hingga 50 mg per porsi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jumlah kafein dalam minuman berkarbonasi dan minuman energi dengan menggunakan teknik ekstraksi pelarut kloroform dan teknik adsorpsi karbon aktif. Kadar kafein dalam minuman dianalisis dengan metode spektrofotometri menggunakan panjang gelombang maksimum. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jumlah kafein dengan teknik ekstraksi pada minuman coca cola adalah (31,39 ± 0,528 mg / saji), pepsi biru (27,93 ± 0,159 mg / sajian), banteng merah (39. 79 ± 0,233 mg / porsi), dan macan kumbang (43,37 ± 0,860 mg / porsi). Teknik adsorpsi yang diperoleh pada minuman coca cola adalah (32,07 ± 0,164 mg / saji), pepsi biru (27,42 ± 0,174 mg / saji), banteng merah (31,35 ± 0,132 mg / saji), dan macan kumbang (33,83 ± 0,205 mg / saji) . Pada minuman coca cola, diperoleh hasil terbaik mendekati nilai sebenarnya seperti yang tertera pada label. Sedangkan untuk ketiga jenis minuman lainnya, jumlah kafein yang didapat lebih rendah dari yang diharapkan, dan masih di bawah batas maksimal yang diperbolehkan. Dari dua teknik yang diteliti, teknik ekstraksi masih memberikan hasil yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan teknik adsorpsi. dan macan kumbang (33,83 ± 0,205 mg / porsi). Pada minuman coca cola, diperoleh hasil terbaik mendekati nilai sebenarnya seperti yang tertera pada label. Sedangkan untuk ketiga jenis minuman lainnya, jumlah kafein yang didapat lebih rendah dari yang diharapkan, dan masih di bawah batas maksimal yang diperbolehkan. Dari dua teknik yang diteliti, teknik ekstraksi masih memberikan hasil yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan teknik adsorpsi. dan macan kumbang (33,83 ± 0,205 mg / porsi). Pada minuman coca cola, diperoleh hasil terbaik mendekati nilai sebenarnya seperti yang tertera pada label. Sedangkan untuk ketiga jenis minuman lainnya, jumlah kafein yang didapat lebih rendah dari yang diharapkan, dan masih di bawah batas maksimal yang diperbolehkan. Dari dua teknik yang diteliti, teknik ekstraksi masih memberikan hasil yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan teknik adsorpsi.
Kata kunci : Kafein, Minuman, Ekstraksi, Adsorpsi, Spektrofotometri
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Amaro Baldeón, Roberto. "Un modelo para realizar un estudio organoléptico de las bebidas gaseosas en el mercado nacional." Industrial Data 2, no. 2 (March 29, 2014): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.15381/idata.v2i2.6517.
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En el preente trabajo de tesis se presenta un modelo que permite medir objetivamente la probabilidad de preferencia que tiene el público por una bebida gaseosa, la variable a ser medida es organoléptica, es decir es una variable subjetiva, en nuestro caso el sabor, para realizar el estudio organoléptico se seleccionaron tres bebidas gaseosas: Kola real, coca Cola, y Pepsi Cola. La ventaja del modelo que se presenta es qye agrupa las bebidas gaseosas en pares, cada par formado se presentó a un grupo de entrevistados los cuales individualmente manifestarón la preferencia o indiferencia por las bebidas gaseosas presentadas en el par.
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Opait, Gabriela. "The Coca-Cola and Pepsi-Cola Businesses, „Fizzy Meeting” in the Management of the Pole Position." Annals of Dunarea de Jos University of Galati. Fascicle I. Economics and Applied Informatics 26, no. 1 (May 15, 2020): 167–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.35219/eai1584040997.
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Li, Shen, Chengkun Jiang, Haitao Wang, Shuang Cong, and Mingqian Tan. "Fluorescent nanoparticles present in Coca-Cola and Pepsi-Cola: physiochemical properties, cytotoxicity, biodistribution and digestion studies." Nanotoxicology 12, no. 1 (December 20, 2017): 49–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17435390.2017.1418443.
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KUO, LAUREEN. "Another Perspective on the Coca-Cola Affair in Postwar France." Enterprise & Society 18, no. 1 (November 11, 2016): 108–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/eso.2016.44.
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The Coca-Cola affair is a notable incident that is often cited in the history of American investments in France. However, the previous literature has generally not examined the social and economic contexts framing the incident, choosing instead to focus on the perspectives of the French communist attacks on Coca-Cola and the political pressure exerted by the French beverage industry to deny Coca-Cola’s application to operate in France. This article, by analyzing the affair based on a broader historical framework, attempts to offer another perspective on this famous incident. Drawing on French and American archival materials, it argues that the major causes of Coca-Cola’s defeat in France were primarily practical, financial considerations of the French government. The success of Pepsi Cola’s investment project in France provides confirmation of such considerations, and were closely related to France’s ultimate national objectives in the postwar years.
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Knoebel, Randall W., and Richard A. Larson. "Pepsi® or Coke®? Influence of acid on dasatinib absorption." Journal of Oncology Pharmacy Practice 24, no. 2 (February 28, 2017): 156–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1078155217692152.
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Dasatinib is a second generation ABL kinase inhibitor used in the management of chronic myeloid leukemia or Philadelphia chromosome positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph+ ALL). Dasatinib's bioavailability is highly dependent on gastric pH. When proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) are co-administered with dasatinib, absorption is significantly reduced. Cola intake at the time of drug administration has been demonstrated to lead to relevant increases in the bioavailability for other acid labile drugs during PPI treatment. This manuscript reviews the relevant literature supporting a strategy of temporarily lowering the gastric pH with a carbonated beverage at the time of drug administration. The use of cola provides an easy to implement way to significantly improve dasatinib bioavailability, especially during concomitant use of a PPI.
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Prasada, Krishna, and Hithysh T. Vidhyadhara. "Comparative evaluation of sorption and solubility of Amalgomer CR and Cention N restorative material- An in vitro study." Journal of Medical Research 5, no. 3 (January 31, 2021): 122–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.31254/dentistry.2020.5303.
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Introduction: The potential of direct restorative dental materials to resist masticatory force, without getting damaged and to remain unaffected after getting exposed to various media (chemical stability) in the mouth for a considerable period of time are important for their good clinical performance. Amalgomer CR is a ceramic reinforced posterior GIC having compressive, flexural and tensile strength close to that of amalgam. Cention N is a new material based on “alkasite” technology which is a subgroup of the composite resin. It is a novel bulk fill direct posterior restorative material. Every restorative material should meet the required ideal physical properties standards, among which water sorption and solubility are two important properties that influences the clinical durability of a restorative material. Chemical agents found in soft drinks and other beverages like coffee and tea can be exposed to restorative materials, continuously or intermittently. The modern dietary habit of frequent consumption of low pH carbonated drinks can alter the oral environment to an acidic range. Keeping all the above discussed factors in mind, this, in-vitro study was conducted to compare and evaluate the sorption and solubility of Cention N and Amalgomer CR in four direct solutions; Sprite, Pepsi, Coca Cola and artificial saliva. Aim: The aim and objective of this in-vitro study was to evaluate the sorption and solubility of Cention N and Amalgomer CR in four direct solutions; Sprite, Pepsi, Coca Cola and artificial saliva. Materials and methods: The materials that was used for this study are Cention N and Amalgomer CR. A total of forty samples of restorative material were prepared using a metallic mould and divided into two groups of twenty samples each (n=20); Group I: Cention N and Group II: Amalgomer CR. The weight before immersion in the test media (m1) was measured using digital analytical scale. Each group was subdivided into four subgroups (n=5) based on the test media they were immersed in; Subgroup 1: artificial saliva, Subgroup 2: Coco Cola, Subgroup 3: Pepsi, Subgroup 4: Sprite. Five specimens each of the test material were kept immersed in the test media for seven days. The weight of the samples after immersion (m2) in the test media after seven days and the final dry weight of the samples (m3) were measured. Sorption and solubility of Cention N and Amalgomer CR cement were calculated using ISO guidelines. Data was analyzed statistically using appropriate statistical tools. Results: In our study, both Amalgomer CR & Cention N showed values for sorption and solubility well under the values of ISO recommendations, however, Amalgomer CR had significantly more sorption and solubility when compared to Cention N. Among the test solutions used Sprite and Pepsi had the most degrading effect on Cention N and Amalgomer CR. Conclusion: The composition of material along with their setting / curing method and low pH carbonated drinks can influence the properties of direct esthetic restorative materials. In this present study, Cention N was marginally better when compared to Amalgomer CR.
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Gomes, Carina Évora. "Development of a robust degassing process for carbonated beverage using gas stripping." Boolean: Snapshots of Doctoral Research at University College Cork, no. 2011 (January 1, 2011): 71–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.33178/boolean.2011.16.
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The modern beverage industry works in a dynamic and very competitive market, with increasing sales but decreasing profit margins. Projected global sales for carbonated soft beverages are expected to reach $195 billion by 2014. Carbonated drinks are differentiated from other drinks by their “fizziness” (that comes from the dissolved carbon dioxide), which creates a “tingling” sensation in the mouth, and provides a unique taste sensation. They can be divided in non-alcoholic and alcoholic beverages. The non-alcoholic drinks are known as soft drinks and can be fruit based (orange, lemon and lime), cola type drinks (Pepsi, Coca cola), or others such as new energy drinks (like Red Bull), while alcoholic carbonated drinks include beer, cider, sparkling wines, etc. In order to maintain the flavour and the other quality attributes at the appropriate consumer level of appreciation, it is necessary to perform several quality control (QC) analyses. The most usual quality control ...
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Raza, Muhammad, Reema Frooghi, and Saeed Abbas Shah. "Determinants of Brand Loyalty in the Cola Industry of Pakistan: A Case Study of Pepsi Cola." Sukkur IBA Journal of Management and Business 6, no. 1 (September 19, 2019): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.30537/sijmb.v6i1.320.
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The study has been comprehensively designed to understand the influence of customer satisfaction on brand loyalty. Whereas, customer satisfaction with the influence of brand personality as both the rivalry brand has significantly different positioning and personality. However, the study has purposefully incorporate brand attachment, brand trust and brand commitment as determinants of brand personality. Total 503 responses were collected using convenience sampling technique from the consumer market of Karachi, Pakistan. Primary data have been gathered with the help of quantitative five-point Likert scale questionnaire adapted from various past literature. The study has used Covariance-Based (CB) SEM model is used as data analysis method using SPSS-AMOS Version 22. The results showed that brand attachment, brand trust, and brand commitment have positive and statistically high impact on brand personality. Moreover, brand personality affects customer satisfaction positively and significantly. Also, customer satisfaction also showed statistically significant and positive influence on brand loyalty. Therefore, it has been evidently proven that brand attachment, brand trust and brand commitment were constructive determinants of brand personality, whereas, brand personality inclines customer satisfaction that eventually be translated into greater brand loyalty. It further revealed that among brand attachment, brand trust and brand commitment, brand personality was most influenced by brand trust, followed by brand commitment and least influenced by brand attachment. Hence, the companies can profoundly transform their marketing and brand management strategies accordingly for better outcomes. The study also provides some managerial and future research recommendations on the basis of results and findings.
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Dash, Kailash C., Abikshyeet Panda, Lipsa Bhuyan, Bikramaditya Ghosh, and Imon Pal. "Dissolution of Enamel on Exposure to Various Commercial Beverages Available in India." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 18, no. 11 (2017): 1009–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10024-2166.
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ABSTRACT Aim The study was aimed to estimate the pH of the commonly available soft drinks in the Indian market and to assess the detrimental effects of the juices and beverages on the tooth surface by measuring the weight loss of the tooth sample. Materials and methods The study was done with eight different types of commercially available carbonated drink and fruit juices available in the Indian market among which six were carbonated drinks and two were juices. Carbonated drinks experimented were Coca-Cola, Pepsi, Fanta, Mirinda, 7Up and Sprite, and two fruit juices were Tropicana orange juice and real orange juice. Ten different bottles from each category were obtained, and the pH was estimated. Each of the beverages was divided into batch of 10 containers containing the tooth sample. Weight of all samples was measured at 24, 48, 72, 96, and 120 hours with subsequently changing each solution at an interval of 24 hours. Results The mean pH of the beverages was found ranging from 2.13 ± 0.02 in Pepsi to 3.41 ± 0.02 in Tropicana on opening. The mean pH of water was found to be 6.98 ± 0.01. Among carbonated drinks, the mean weight loss after 24 hours was highest in Coca-Cola and least in 7Up. Tropicana fruit juice had a higher tooth loss than real orange juices. When compared with water, the tooth loss was significantly higher in Coca-Cola after all specified time (hours). Conclusion The pH of both carbonated drinks and fruit juices was below the critical pH. The weight loss was also seen after every 24 hours in all the carbonated drinks and beverages. The study showed that these commercial beverages are harmful to the tooth structures, and hence, the health professionals a major role in educating the population about its effects and advising them to use these products precisely. Clinical significance The change in lifestyle has increased the demand of soft drinks and artificial juice in Indian market. The use of these carbonated drinks and fruit juices causes damage to the tooth structure in all ages, especially in young mass. Our study provides an idea about the deleterious effects of these commercial drinks on dental hard tissues. How to cite this article Panda A, Ghosh B, Pal I, Kumar V, Bhuyan L, Dash KC. Dissolution of Enamel on Exposure to Various Commercial Beverages Available in India. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(11):1009-1013.
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Al-Taie, Dr Lamis A., Dr Anas FM Al-Aubaydi, and Dr Abdulla MW Al-Shamma. "The Effect of Pepsi Cola Beverage on Surface Roughness of Two Composite Resins (In Vitro study)." Mustansiria Dental Journal 7, no. 1 (March 18, 2018): 9–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.32828/mdj.v7i1.360.
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An acidic environment causes surface changes of resin composites. Filler particlesize and filler distribution also have a direct effect on these surface changes. This invitro study evaluated the influence of Pepsi Cola drink on the surface roughness ofComposan LCM and Composan Ceram over time. Sixteen disc shaped specimens(10mm diameter, 2mm thickness) of each resin composite were fabricated, therebyforming two groups (n= 8). Surface roughness (Ra) was analyzed after 24 hrs beforeexposure to beverage. The specimens were submitted to a five minutes immersion inPepsi Cola three times daily interrupted by immersion in deionized distilled water (37C˚). Surface roughness measurements were done at 10, 30, and 60 days intervals. Datawere submitted to paired t-test. There was a statistically highly significant (p <0.001)increase in surface roughness values of the tested composites after 30 days and 60days immersion in Cola drink. Composan LCM exhibited a significantly (p <0.05)higher surface roughness values than Composan Ceram.The surface roughness of the composite materials are significantly affected byexposure to acidic drink over time, highly filled micro hybrid composites with smallfiller particle size are significantly more resistant to acid erosion.
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VEDWAN, NEERAJ. "PESTICIDES IN COCA-COLA AND PEPSI: Consumerism, Brand Image, and Public Interest in a Globalizing India." Cultural Anthropology 22, no. 4 (November 2007): 659–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/can.2007.22.4.659.
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Niloy, Ahnaf Chowdhury. "An Unhealthy Buying Pattern of the Peoples of Bangladesh: A Case of Tobacco & Beverage." Asian Business Review 10, no. 3 (October 29, 2020): 167—xxx. http://dx.doi.org/10.18034/abr.v10i3.509.
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Bangladesh is a comparatively small country but a densely populated country that has attracted several big companies to come and run their business including carbonated drinks and tobacco. International beverage brands like coca-cola, Pepsi, etc., and tobacco brands like British American Tobacco, Philip Morris International, etc. are doing great business in Bangladesh alongside local brands. Even though for business, these products are a must but when it comes to health issues these are such products that affect physically greatly. Matter of consciousness comes when the consumer is giving preference to such products more than essential consumables that are seen in Bangladesh. The paper discusses the consumer behavior of Bangladeshi consumers in choosing products in terms of health benefits. The paper is an original work of the author and all the secondary data were taken are given credits properly.
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Lukić, Darko. "Methods and techniques of neuromarketing research." Marketing 52, no. 3 (2021): 185–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/mkng2103185l.
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Advances in the development of neuromarketing research methods and techniques, over the past two decades, have enabled their application not only for scientific purposes, but also for commercial purposes of researching consumer behavior. This paper will review various methods and techniques of neuromarketing research, highlighting the advantages and disadvantages of using these, for the purpose of consumer behavior research. As a research part of the paper, combined laboratory neuromarketing research (EEG and eye tracking) was conducted, that examined implicit attitudes of consumers (attention and emotions, in real time, from second to second), whose goal was to examine how consumers react implicitly to different marketing stimuli (TV commercials for Coca Cola and Pepsi Cola brands). The research additionally examined whether there is an overlap of conscious consumer attitudes, collected by the research method through a questionnaire, with the results of the combined neuromarketing research. The research found that the tested marketing stimuli have a positive impact on the implicit positioning of tested FMCG brands. In addition, by comparative analysis of explicit and implicit consumer attitudes, it was found that there is agreement between them. Finally, the research found that neuromarketing research has the potential to improve marketing communication (tested TV commercials), and thus the positioning of FMCG brands.
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Yamamoto, Kazuhide. "Gastric Bezoar Treatment by Endoscopic Fragmentation in Combination with Pepsi-Cola® Administration." American Journal of Case Reports 16 (2015): 445–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.12659/ajcr.893786.
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Hernández Rivera, Jaime, David Ortega Díaz, Diana María Amaya Cruz, Juvenal Rodríguez-Reséndiz, Juan Manuel Olivares Ramírez, Andrés Dector, Diana Dector, Rosario Galindo, and Hilda Esperanza Esparza Ponce. "A Paper-Based Microfluidic Fuel Cell Using Soft Drinks as a Renewable Energy Source." Energies 13, no. 10 (May 13, 2020): 2443. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13102443.
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The research aims were to construct an air-breathing paper-based microfluidic fuel cell (paper-based μ FC) and to evaluated it with different soft drinks to provide energy for their prospective use in portable devices as an emergency power source. First, in a half-cell configuration, cyclic voltammetry showed that glucose, maltose, and fructose had specific oxidation zones in the presence of platinum-ruthenium on carbon (PtRu/C) when they were individual. Still, when they were mixed, glucose was observed to be oxidized to a greater extent than fructose and maltose. After, when a paper-based μ FC was constructed, PtRu/C and platinum on carbon (Pt/C) were used as anode and cathode, the performance of this μ FC was mostly influenced by the concentration of glucose present in each soft drink, obtaining maximum power densities at room temperature of 0.061, 0.063, 0.060, and 0.073 mW cm − 2 for Coca Cola ® , Pepsi ® , Dr. Pepper ® , and 7up ® , respectively. Interestingly, when the soft drinks were cooled, the performance was increased up to 85%. Furthermore, a four-cell stack μ FC was constructed to demonstrate its usefulness as a possible power supply, obtaining a power density of 0.4 mW cm − 2 , using Coca Cola ® as fuel and air as oxidant. Together, the results of the present study indicate an alternative application of an μ FC using soft drinks as a backup source of energy in emergencies.
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Carvalho Sales-Peres, Sílvia Helena de, Ana Carolina Magalhães, Maria Aparecida de Andrade Moreira Machado, and Marília Afonso Rabelo Buzalaf. "Evaluation of The Erosive Potential of Soft Drinks." European Journal of Dentistry 01, no. 01 (January 2007): 010–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1698304.
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ABSTRACTObjectives: This in vitro study evaluated the capability of different soft drinks (Coca-Cola® -C, Coca- Cola Light® -CL, Guaraná® -G, Pepsi Twist® -P and Sprite Light® -SL) to erode dental enamel, relating the percentage of superficial microhardness change (%SMHC) to concentrations of fluoride and phosphate, buffering capacity and pH of these drinks.Methods: The soft drinks were evaluated in respect to concentration of phosphate and fluoride spectrophotometrically using Fiske, Subarrow method and by specific electrode (Orion 9609), respectively. The pH and the buffering capacity were determined by glass electrode and by estimating of the volume of NaOH necessary to change the pH of the drink in one unit, respectively. One hundred specimens of bovine enamel were randomly assigned to 5 groups of 20 each. They were exposed to 4 cycles of demineralisation in the beverage and remineralisation in artificial saliva. The softening of enamel was evaluated by %SMHC.Results: The mean %SMHC was:C=77.27%, CL= 72.45%, SL=78.43%, G=66.65% and P=67.95%. Comparing the %SMHC promoted by 5 soft drinks, SL = C > CL > P = G (P<.05). There was not significant correlation between %SMHC and the other variables tested for the five drinks (P>>.05)Conclusions: The five soft drinks caused surface softening of enamel (erosion). In respect to the chemical variables tested, despite not statistically significant, the pH seems to have more influence on the erosive potential of these drinks. (Eur J Dent 2007;1:10-13)
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Pérez-Hernández, Lorena. "Building brand narratives with hashtags on Twitter." Pragmatics and Cognition 25, no. 3 (December 31, 2018): 515–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/pc.18020.per.
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Abstract This paper investigates the use of hashtags in the building of brand narratives (i.e. the open-ended, unfolding and participative depiction of a company’s core ideology and beliefs). A collection of over 700 hashtags involved in the creation of the advertising narratives of the four leading soft drinks brands in 2017 (i.e. Coca-Cola, Pepsi, RedBull, Nescafé) has been analyzed both quantitatively and qualitatively to unveil their functions and formal characteristics, as well as the cognitive processes that underlie their interpretation and operate on the framing and dissemination of brand narratives. Ultimately, by categorizing and explaining the roles of hashtags in the construction of a brand narrative, as well as the potential correlations between their formal and functional traits and their retweeting rate and digital lifespan, this paper shapes a preliminary description of the characteristics of the subgenre of hashtag-based brand narratives and spells out some of the factors that should be considered in the choice of hashtags for advertising purposes.
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Lanney, Andrew Ray, and Prescott C. Ensign. "Melville Corporate Finance, Inc." Asian Case Research Journal 18, no. 02 (December 2014): 221–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218927514500096.
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Melville Corporate Finance, Inc. (Melville) is approached by a Canadian bottling equipment manufacturer to provide $3.4 million of capital investment foreign buyer financing to their customer, a rapidly expanding Chinese bottling company. The Chinese company needs to purchase the equipment and increase its production capacity to secure long-term, multi-million dollar contracts with Pepsi and Coca-Cola in Thailand. With very short deadlines, Melville's CEO works with Export Development Canada (EDC) to assess the risks involved in offering full financing and insurance for the Chinese bottler, and must keep in mind that the Canadian manufacturer will lose the sale if the financing does not get approved. The deal presents several challenges to Melville; an unknown foreign buyer with no proven credit history, language and communication barriers, geographic distance, incongruent accounting standards, etc. As the risk variables emerge, both Melville and EDC must decide if the stakes are too high to support the transaction.
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Nnaji, Adaugo. "Evaluation and analysis of occupational health and safety practices in pepsi cola Ektam Kibris." International Research Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences 7, no. 1 (March 28, 2022): 16–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.15739/irjmbs.22.002.
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Vesey, Alyxandra. "Review: Soda Goes Pop: Pepsi-Cola Advertising and Popular Music, by Joanna K. Love." Journal of Popular Music Studies 32, no. 3 (August 27, 2020): 149–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jpms.2020.32.3.149.
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Vesey, Alyxandra. "Review: Soda Goes Pop: Pepsi-Cola Advertising and Popular Music, by Joanna K. Love." Journal of Popular Music Studies 32, no. 3 (August 26, 2020): 149–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jpms.2020.323012.
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Campos Calvo-Sotelo, Pablo, and Carlos Sancho Pelluz. "Lugar, silencio urbano y plano: a propósito de los diálogos espaciales en la obra de Gordon Bunshaft." Constelaciones. Revista de Arquitectura de la Universidad CEU San Pablo, no. 5 (May 1, 2017): 141–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.31921/constelaciones.n5a9.
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En la relación de la Arquitectura contemporánea con el lugar, el silencio urbano se percibe como parte integrante de una secuencia continua perteneciente al paisaje construido. Bajo este enfoque, el presente artículo analiza tres obras de Gordon Bunshaft, las cuales ilustran diversos tipos de relación dialógica entre el proyecto espacial y las preexistencias: la Lever House, el Edifico Pepsi-Cola y la ampliación de la Albright Knox Art Gallery, todas ellas en el área metropolitana y el Estado de Nueva York. Sus respectivas resoluciones arquitectónicas manifiestan sensible y sutilmente el silencio urbano como elemento compositivo, en forma de ámbito intersticial situado entre el nuevo objeto ideado y el lugar donde se integra.
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Renshaw, Barbara S. "Symmetry the Trademark Way." Arithmetic Teacher 34, no. 1 (September 1986): 6–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5951/at.34.1.0006.
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Pepsi-Cola, Shell Oil, Chevrolet, Mattel, Westinghouse. What possible link could exist between these companies and the teaching of mathematics in the classroom? Interestingly enough, the trademark designs of these and other companies can provide a familiar yet innovative way for students to look at a number of mathematical concepts. These concepts include symmetry, mathematical curves, geometric shapes, similarity, angles, graphic representation of numerals, reflections, and translations. Though all these topics lend themselves to further analysis and interpretation, this discussion is limited to how two common type of symmetry—line and rotational—can be taught using some familiar trademarks. In particular, the article focuses on how trademarks and symmetry can be presented through the bulletin board.
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Peng, Xianglu, Melanie Brown, Paul Bowdler, and Kevin C. Honeychurch. "Extraction-Free, Direct Determination of Caffeine in Microliter Volumes of Beverages by Thermal Desorption-Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry." International Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2020 (April 1, 2020): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/5405184.
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An extraction-free method requiring microliter (μL) volumes has been developed for the determination of caffeine in beverages. Using a pyrolysis-gas chromatography mass spectrometry system, the conditions required for the direct thermal desorption-gas chromatography mass spectrometry (TD-GC/MS) determination of caffeine were optimised. A 5 μL aliquot was introduced to the thermal desorption unit, dried, and thermally desorbed to the GC/MS. The response was linear over the range 10 to 500 μg/mL (R2 = 0.996). The theoretical limit of detection (3 σ) was 0.456 μg/mL. No interferences were recorded from endogenous beverage components or from commonly occurring drugs, such as nicotine, ibuprofen, and paracetamol. Replicate caffeine determinations on fortified latte style white coffee and Pepsi Max® gave mean recoveries of 93.4% (%CV = 4.1%) and 95.0% (%CV = 0.98%), respectively. Good agreement was also obtained with the stated values of caffeine for an energy drink and for Coca-Cola®. These data suggest that the method holds promise for the determination of caffeine in such samples.
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Sellnow, Timothy, Adam Parrish, and Lauren Semenas. "From Hoax as Crisis to Crisis as Hoax: Fake News and Information Disorder as Disruptions to the Discourse of Renewal." Journal of International Crisis and Risk Communication Research 2, no. 1 (March 2019): 121–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.30658/jicrcr.2.1.6.
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Hoaxes have long been a reputational threat to organizations. For example, false claims that syringes had been found in bottles of Pepsi-Cola products, that a portion of a fi nger had been found in Wendy’s chili, and that Domino’s employees had intentionally served contaminated food to customers have topped the media’s agenda. More recently, the hoax phenomenon has been tactically reversed. Heavily trafficked Internet sites and controversial television personalities frequently argue that well-documented crises themselves are hoaxes. The potential for claims of crisis as hoax to disrupt the discourse of crisis renewal is examined through an analysis of three cases. We argue that overcoming such disruptions requires corporate social responsibility, a focus on the issues rather than the hoaxers, and continued eff orts to improve media literacy for all audiences.
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Sá, Túlio Henrique Mandolesi, Giselle Schmidt Díaz Merino, Luiz Fernando Gonçalves de Figueiredo, and Richard Perassi Luiz de Souza. "O uso do diagrama comparativo como ferramenta de abordagem sistêmica na gestão de design das marcas coca cola e Pepsi." Projetica 5, no. 1 (July 24, 2014): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5433/2236-2207.2014v5n1p25.
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Dalamu, Taofeek Olaiwola. "Evaluating ‘Registerial’ Norms in Advertising Texts: A Systemic Perspective." Buckingham Journal of Language and Linguistics 11 (November 27, 2018): 64–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.5750/bjll.v11i0.1612.
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Language and social concerns facilitate every communicative text. Based on that, the study considered the advertising text, as a test ground to explore the relationships between language and socio-cultural norms as revealers of the Register of advertising. Considered for the investigation are ten advertisements of Guinness®, Peak Milk®, Gulder®, Coca cola®, Pepsi®, Stanbic IBTC®, etc., upon which Ideational, Interpersonal and Textual Metafunctions served as tools of analysis. Besides the report that Material Processes such as come to, reshaped, make, is wasting, etc. dominate the contents, a Behavioral Process of rests on also performs a role in the Register analysis. The study further reveals digitization (*945#), local language intrusion (Oga), personification (bourn = born), clipping (diff) as context devices in the business environment. There are also Register(s) of neologism (Pecadomo), poetic and sermonized texts to persuade recipients. As the investigation has revealed SFL as a viable processor of Register(s), it thus suggests that its application to other texts outside advertising might yield meaningful results. Such exercise could assist in the understanding of novel items that could contribute to language development.
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Shang, Fei, Panlong Yang, Yubo Yan, and Xiang-Yang Li. "PackquID." Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies 6, no. 4 (December 21, 2022): 1–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3569469.
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There are many scenarios where the liquid is occluded by other items (e.g. books in a packet), in which existing RF-based liquid identification methods are generally not suitable. Moreover, status methods are not applicable when the height of the liquid to be tested changes. This paper proposes PackquID, an RF-based in-packet liquid identification system, which can identify liquid without prior knowledge. In dealing with the obstruction of other items and the unknown container, we utilize a dual-antenna model and craft a relative frequency response factor, exploring the diversity of the permittivity in the frequency domain. In tackling the variable liquid height, we extend our model to 3D scope by analyzing the electric field distribution and solving the height effect via spatial-differential model. With 500 pages of printer paper obscured, PackquID can identify 9 common liquids, including Coca-Cola and Pepsi, with an accuracy of over 86% for 4 different packets (canvas bag, paper bag, backpack, and box) and 4 different containers. Nevertheless, PackquID can still identify liquids with an accuracy rate of over 87%, even when the liquid height changes from 4 cm to 12 cm.
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Olajide, Mustapha A. "Alternative method of reducing sugars determination in some selected fizzy drinks and fruits by chromic acid reagent." Nigerian Journal of Technological Research 15, no. 1 (April 30, 2020): 32–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njtr.v15i1.6.
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Chromic acid reagent as an alternative colorimetric method for the quantitative determination of reducing sugars and ascorbic acid in some selected fizzy drinks: Seven Up, Limca, Mirinda, Cocoa-Cola, Fanta, Pepsi Cola, Maltina, Guinness Malt, Hi-Malt and Maltonic) and fruits: pineapple (Ananas cosmoses), sweet orange (Cimifi sinensis), grape fruit (Dints paradise) and tangerine (Citrus reticulate) has been studied. Chromic method involves sugar solution of about 1% concentration. treated with an equal volume of concentrated nitric acid and a few drops of a 5% solution of potassium dichromate was added, a blue colour develops in less than a minute in the cold and the absorbance taken in a Spectronic 20D Spectrophotometer at 560 um. Results obtained from the simple chromic acid as test method compares well with those obtained from the titrimetric methods of Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC, 2012) and Pearson (1991) as control, with negligible variations. Apart from being a very powerful oxidizing agent, its reaction with monosaccharide, disaccharides and ascorbic acid are less-time consuming, showed distinct colour development and its easy preparation, made chromic acid reagent a faster, better and suitable alternative method for the quantitative determination of reducing sugars and ascorbic acid in routine analyses of foods.
Keywords: reducing sugar, ascorbic acid, chromic reagent.
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EBHOTE, OSEREMEN, and E. O. ODIA. "CELEBRITY ENDORSEMENT AND CONSUMER PURCHASE DEMEANOR IN BENIN CITY." Journal of Marketing and Information Systems 1, no. 3 (February 4, 2020): 18–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.31580/jmis.v1i3.1073.
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Celebrity endorsement is a marketing communication strategy for building and promoting brand image. Thus, the study examined celebrity endorsement and its influence on consumer purchase demeanor in Benin City, Edo state. Geographically, the study was delimited to the University of Benin, Edo state, with focus on customers of GLO network and the consumers of Pepsi-Cola within the Ugbowo and Ekehuan campuses of the institution. From the study’s population, a sample size of 400 was drawn using the judgmental sampling technique. From the four hundred copies questionnaires administered, three hundred and seventy-one (371) were found usable. The study recommended that subsequent studies on celebrity endorsement should consider more industries (other than the telecommunication and beverage industries) to see if the response of celebrity endorsement with regards to consumer buying behaviour is same across industries.
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Chalikias, Miltiadis, and Michalis Skordoulis. "Implementation of F.W. Lanchester’s combat model in a supply chain in duopoly: the case of Coca-Cola and Pepsi in Greece." Operational Research 17, no. 3 (January 27, 2016): 737–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12351-016-0226-0.
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Benstead, Lindsay J., and Megan Reif. "Coke, Pepsi or Mecca Cola? Why product characteristics affect the likelihood of collective action problems and boycott success." Politics, Groups, and Identities 5, no. 2 (October 2015): 220–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21565503.2015.1084338.
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Galetcaia, Tatiana, and Loreena Thiessen. "Who is the Real Owner? Or How a Simple Pepsi-Cola Story Can Help Students Build Critical Thinking Skills." TESL Canada Journal 28, no. 1 (November 3, 2010): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.18806/tesl.v28i1.1063.
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Besides language competence, international students must develop a systematic approach to processing information and follow up with co-construction of the knowledge acquired. Critical thinking is a crucial principle commonly required in North American universities for evaluating academic texts. This practice may present certain difficulties for English-as-an-additional-language (EAL) students, as they may be influenced by cultural norms accepted in the academic environment of their home country or by dissimilar approaches to evaluating academic texts. This article discusses our classroom experience with assisting EAL students, predominantly from China and Saudi Arabia, in developing critical thinking skills; however, the operational model offered may also be useful with students from other cultural backgrounds.
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Silva, Thais Santos, Marília Regina Costa Castro Lyra, Jose Antonio Aleixo Silva, Rogéria Mendes Nascimento, and Renata Maria Caminha Mendes Oliveira. "MODELO DE LOGÍSTICA REVERSA APLICADO PARA EMBALAGENS EM EMPRESA DO SETOR DOMISSANITÁRIO." Revista Gestão & Sustentabilidade Ambiental 9, no. 4 (December 29, 2020): 842. http://dx.doi.org/10.19177/rgsa.v9e42020842-863.
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O padrão de produção e consumo, adotado pela sociedade moderna, exerce grandes prejuízos ao meio ambiente na atualidade, pois estabelece um consumo de modo infinito dos recursos naturais finitos. A Lei Federal nº 12.305, de 02 de agosto de 2010, institui a Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos que traz em seu conteúdo a obrigação da Logística Reversa atribuindo responsabilidades a todos os atores da cadeia de produção e consumo, que devem retornar as embalagens pós-consumo ao fabricante e a este a responsabilidade em destinar de forma ambientalmente correta as embalagens produzidas. Neste sentido, este estudo trata do tema logística reversa e traz como problema a questão de qual o modelo ideal a ser aplicado às embalagens de uma empresa fabricante de produtos de limpeza, cosméticos e molhos alimentícios, localizada na região metropolitana da cidade do Recife, estado de Pernambuco. Realizou-se estudo comparativo adotando um método binário onde foram atribuídos zero ou um para os critérios estabelecidos em cada modelo comparado. Foram selecionadas sessenta e oito publicações, cujo tema era logística reversa. Desta amostra, foram pré-selecionados dezessete estudos de caso que apresentavam modelos de logística reversa aplicados a embalagens. Pelo critério de capacidade de implementação, foram identificados seis modelos para o teste comparativo. Os modelos selecionados pela sua aplicabilidade foram: primeiro o da empresa Baterias Moura onde são recolhidas as baterias veiculares que são reaproveitadas cem por cento na produção de novas baterias. O segundo modelo escolhido foi o da empresa O Boticário onde foram instaladas urnas em suas lojas para recolhimento de embalagens de vidro e papelão que posteriormente são recolhidas por catadores associados. O terceiro modelo trata-se da iniciativa de uma rede bancária para recolhimento de pilhas e baterias. O quarto modelo foi o da empresa Reciclanip que é uma recicladora criada com o objetivo de realizar a logística dos pneus usados, recolhidos nos pontos de coleta. O quinto modelo foi o de garrafas de vidro de uma envazadora de cerveja, cujos caminhões de entrega são também responsáveis pela coleta destes vasilhames. A envazadora dá desconto por cada garrafa retornada. E, por último foi o modelo da Pepsi Cola que instalou Ponto de Entrega Voluntária (PEV) em alguns atacadistas. Esta entrega é feita através de máquinas que coletam apenas os vasilhames pós-consumo da marca e bonificam com descontos, os clientes, em produtos de sua marca. O resultado do estudo comparativo recomenda o modelo que obtém maior pontuação em relação aos critérios analisados. Dentre os modelos identificados o modelo de logística reversa da empresa Pepsi Cola foi apontado como o ideal para a empresa campo desta pesquisa.
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Wolde, Tesfaye. "Brand Awareness and Brand Preference for Carbonated Soft Drinks: Evidence from Cadbury Schweppes Ethiopia Research Evidence from Life Experience." International Journal of Marketing Studies 8, no. 3 (May 25, 2016): 122. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijms.v8n3p122.
Full textAbstract:
<p>When Schweppes entered the Ethiopian soft drink market viable competitors were Pepsi and Coca Cola. However, its entry into the soft drink market was largely meant to realize its potential to serve a large chunk of the Ethiopian soft drink flavor market which was under-served by the two giants. Whether this market niche provided sustained and superior returns was dependent on the business environment. It was in this environment that Schweppes had carried out a series of promotional campaigns to increase the sale of its wide range products in the market. The research on the effectiveness of the promotional campaign showed that quite significant number of potential consumers was exposed to the brand advertisement. The research result also indicated the awareness rate as measured by the frequency of exposure to the media within a short span of time. The analysis highlighted the rate of brand recall, brand trial and favorite brand usage. The method used in this sample testing survey sampling 2171 consumers made no pretense of being exhaustive. Commercial recall testing was carried out in different outlets by interviewing a random sample of consumers using a standard questionnaire. Consumers were sampled from groceries, hotels, restaurants, supermarkets, clubs, crowded streets and Mercato depot area. The survey was carried out in 2000. The author developed this research in his capacity as marketing development manager for Schweppes-Summit International.</p>
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Zhang, Mengxiang. "Investment Analysis of Drinks and Soft Drinks Firms: The Weighted Ratio Analysis in Modeling in Excel." BCP Business & Management 26 (September 19, 2022): 1093–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.54691/bcpbm.v26i.2074.
Full textAbstract:
Financial innovation, Information System and technology application today has become the most popular topic in financial analysis. Professional researchers and data analysts working in the financial and economic area actually applied various modeling tools to make estimation and evaluation for the firm’s financial performance. Data analysis and ratio analysis are traditional tool in financial analysis, but also provide new ideas and models in the evaluation of the stock performance. The application of the modeling in weighted ratio analysis in excel would help investors and other stakeholders to understand how the firms are ranked based upon their financial performance. The soft drink industry develops quickly after the industrial revolution and becomes a large quick consumption market in the modern world. The cost management in modern production lines in this market increases the competition and product differentiation. This paper, it is aimed at investigating the performance of the drink and soft drink corporations to provide investment analysis. According to the empirical analysis, the capital structure, cost and revenue management, profitability and growth are the main consideration for investors to make a decision. In this study, Coke Cola, Pepsi and Monster Beverage Corporation are the three main target firms. Their five-year profitability performance is examined based on the ratio of P/E, EPS growth and Sales/Assets. In terms of the weighted ranking process, Coke Cola is ranked with the highest weighted score to show strong growth and profit-generating. The report has certain limitations such as time horizon limitation and sampling scale limitation of firm number and ratio number. It provides the further opportunity to make a wider investigation and some useful insights for investment and strategy. Overall, these results shed light on guiding further exploration of investment analysis for the soft drink industry.