Academic literature on the topic 'Percentage isolation'
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Journal articles on the topic "Percentage isolation"
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Kocur, Sylwia, and Mirosława Noppenberg. "Izolacja pacjentów hospitalizowanych w szpitalu specjalistycznym." Journal of Life and Medical Sciences 1(37)/2024 (October 16, 2024): 31–38. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14014917.
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Isolation is a regular part of any infection prevention program. The main purpose of isolationis to create a barrier to prevent the spread of microorganisms from an infected or colonized per-son to other patients, hospital visitors and health care workers. The use of protective measuresand isolation are essential to control the spread of epidemic and endemic microorganisms. Theeffectiveness of isolation depends on the speed with which infectious patient are identified andappropriate precautions are taken.The purpose of this study was to present the implementation of the procedure for preventingthe spread of nosocomial infections in a specialty hospital.The research method used was documentoscopy, classified as a quantitative research method.The technique used was a retrospective analysis of Hospital Infection Control Team documen-tation. The documentation of the Hospital Infection Control Team was analyzed - monitoringof isolation rooms in operation covering the period from January to May 2024. The analysisincluded 171 isolation cases out of 6667 treated patients at the Józef Dietl Specialist Hospital inKrakow.The largest number of patients was isolated in the Second Department of Internal Medicineand Gastroenterology - 70 patients. In the Orthopedics and Rehabilitation department, therewere no indications of isolation. The highest percentage of patients isolated in relation to thetotal number of hospitalized patients in the analyzed period occurred in the Second Departmentof Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology and amounted to 8.13%. Most isolations were con-ducted due to influenza A virus. There were also repeated isolations of the same patients.Infectious diseases are most often transmitted by contact and airborne droplet routes. Theaverage isolation time was the longest for protective isolation and the shortest for air-dust isola-tion.
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Muwafaq Azeez, Iman, and Mohammed Nather Maa'roof. "Isolation and Identification of some Bacterial Species From Cervix Infected Women in Salahuddin Governorate." Tikrit Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 13, no. 1 (2023): 44–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjphs.2018.13.1.7.44.53.
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This study was carried out for isolating some pathogenic types of positive and negative bacteria for Gram stain, which cause the infection of the vaginitis in infected women and its diagnosis by routine laboratory methods and confirm the diagnosis using Vitek2compact system by collecting fifty samples of the swab of the cervix in the period between October 2015 till April 2016 from the in patients and out patients women in Salahuddin Hospital for the age groups between (14-50) years.The results of isolation show the percentage of bacterial growth was 78%, it reached samples in 78%.The results of the diagnosis of routine diagnostic tests, which were confirmed by using VITEK comparte2 system that there was a diversity of bacterial species including bacterial species from the source of isolation of vaginal infection, where the Escherichia coli bacteria had the highest isolation rate of isolation in 22%, followed by other bacterial species with different isolations. It was observed that there was a variation in the isolation rates and bacterial infections species of the vagina where bacterial isolates were isolated Proteus mirabilis isolates in 20.5% and as Klebsiella pneumonia showed isolations in 10.3%. For Salmonicida Aeromonas and Staphylococcus hominis Bacteria, the isolates was in 7.7%, While Pseudomonas luteola, Pantoes spp, Pseudomonas oryzihabitans, Ochrobactrum anthropic, Sphingomonas paucimbilis bacteria, isolations were isolated in 5.1 %.All isolates were characterized by their high resistance to ten different types of antibiotics, which represent: Gentamicin, Oxacillin, Tetracyclin, Cefotaxme, Amplicillin Novabiocin, Chloramphenicol, Rifampin, Trimethoprim and Azithromycin. The bacterial isolates gave absolute resistance to 100% of the majority of antibiotics used in our current study, while most isolates were sensitive to antagonists Gentamicin
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Hasso, Saleem Amin. "Epidemiological study of thermophlic Campylobacter isolated from diarrheic and non diarrheic cows in Baghdad governorate." Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Medicine 42, no. 1 (2018): 105–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.30539/iraqijvm.v42i1.39.
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The study achieved isolating Campylobacter spp from diarrheic and non-diarrheic cows and studying the percentage of diarrhea in 10 areas in Baghdad governorate (AL Shaeluh, Abou Ghurayb , Khadmyia , Sadar city , Suwyria, Mahmudyia, Latifyia , Alridwaniuh, Hur Rajb and Yousfyia), One thousand fecal samples were cultured on different selective culture media specific for Campylobacter spp ,and different biochemical tests were used (oxidase reaction, Oxoid biochemical identification system campy, Tripple Sugar Iron ( TSI) , hippurate hydrolysis and the use of Vietik (NH). Eighty isolates of Campylobacter spp were recorded ( 8% ).Campylobacter spp isolates included C. jejuni 30(3%) C. coli 30(3%) and C.lari 20(2%). High percentage of diarrhea was recorded in Hur rajb and Abou Ghurayb 70(82.35%) , 81 (81.81 %) respectively while lower percentage of diarrhea was in Mahmudyia and Yousfyia in percentage 43(39.09%).50(46.72%), High percentage of campylobacter isolates was recorded in AL shaeluh 15 (18.75%) , while lower percentage of isolates was recorded in Hur rajb and Yousfyia 5(6.25%), 4(5%) respectively . Age group one day to one month gave the highest isolation rate 50 %(40) while lowest isolation rate in age group(6 months to 1year) 5% ( 4) under (P ˂0.0001) level. The highest isolation rates were recorded in Summer 2016(19.16%) and Summer 2017 (24.32%) while the lowest isolation rates was recorded in Winter (0.8%). Animals infected with C. jejuni and C coli , showed obvious clinical signs including depression, loss of appetite and inability to feed newborn calves, they suffered from severe diarrhea and dehydration, and the presence of blood and thick mucus , high fever were observed in some animals, while in animals infected with C.lari the clinical signs, were mostly within normal limits .It can be concluded that two species of campylobacter( C.coli and.C. Lari) isolated from diarriheic cows,are new species added to the two species of campylobacter (C. fetus and C.Jejuni) previously isolated from cows in Iraq and increasing the total campylobacter species confirmed in Iraq to four spp.
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Kantharajah, AS, and WA Dodd. "Factors That Influence the Yield and Viability of Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L) Cotyledon Protoplasts." Australian Journal of Botany 38, no. 2 (1990): 169. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt9900169.
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Protoplasts isolated from cotyledons of aseptically germinated cucumber seedlings were divided into three size classes. The relationships between tissue age, isolation procedure, yield and protoplast size were investigated. During germination and up to an age of 13 days, the percentage of protoplasts in each size class underwent considerable change with a big reduction in percentage of the largest protoplasts in older cotyledons. Protoplast size and yield could also be manipulated by varying the isolation technique. In this context, temperature, incubation time and shaker speed were significant. By selecting tissue of appropriate age and using a carefully selected isolation procedure the percentage of viable cucumber protoplasts with the ability to form a cell wall and divide can be increased considerably.
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Haramain, S. E., and S. O. Yagoub. "The Antimicrobial Susceptibility and Detection of Virulence Genes of Escherichia coli O157:H7 Isolated from Leafy Green Vegetables." European Journal of Biology and Biotechnology 2, no. 3 (2021): 70–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejbio.2021.2.3.206.
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Vegetables can be vehicles for transmission of E. coli O157:H7 to humans, therefore, this study carried out in order to investigate the presence of Enterohemorrhagic E. coli in ten different types of leafy green vegetables, determined their susceptibility to thirteen antibiotics and detected the presence of some virulence genes.
 Method: Five-hundred samples of green leafy vegetables namely (Lettuce, Spanish, Rocket, Parsley, Mallow, Coriander, Portulaca, Lettuce, Dill, Basil and Chard) were examined for presence of E. coli O157:H7, by using standard microbiological tests (CHROMagarTM O157:H7), further detection of E. coli O157:H7 was done by Multiplex PCR (mPCR) for the detection of virulence genes (stx1, stx2, intmin and hlyA) These genes are causative factors of settlement, adhesion, and attack of STEC bacteria to gastrointestinal mucosa.
 Results: E. coli O157:H7 was isolated from eight (80%) out of ten types of green leafy vegetable as 12 (2.40%) in which the highest percentage of isolation was shown in Dill and Chards samples as (4.2%), Coriander and Mallow showed percentage of isolation as (3.33% and 3.03%) respectively, Parsley, Portulaca and Lettuce showed percentages of isolation as 2.43%, 1.92%, respectively, the least percentage of isolation was shown in Rocket (1.7%), No E. coli O157:H7, was detected in Spinach and Basil. Makkah collected samples showed isolation of 7 isolates out of 12 (58.33%). All isolates were resistant to Methicillin (5µg), Metronidazole (5 µg) and Ampicillin (10 µg). Stx2 (110 bp), Stx1 (349 bp), hly A (165 bp) genes were detected. All isolates showed negative results for presence of intimin gene (890 bp). This study concluded that there is a high risk for occurrence of E. coli O157:H7 outbreaks due to consumption of the green leafy vegetables sold in Jeddah Central Market.
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Stephan Hellmig, Stephan Hellmig, Kai Schindewolf, and Andre Bode. "Role of multiplex PCR in the management of acute infectious diarrhea in a hospital setting – a single center retrospective study." Gastroenterology & Hepatology: Open Access 14, no. 2 (2023): 37–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/ghoa.2023.14.00542.
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Background and Aim Isolation measures in patients with acute diarrhea produce enormous costs of materials and personnel. Aim of this retrospective study was to evalute the percentage of unnecessary isolations and the impact of multiplex PCR stool testing on isolation days before and after introduction into clinical practice. Methods: Between July 2020 and July 2022 in total 2373 stool specimens of patients with acute diarrhea and a course no longer than 14 days were analyzed using BioFire® FilmArray® Gastrointestinal (GI) Panel. Number of isolation beds per day were compared before and after the introduction of Multiplex PCR testing. Results: In 65% of all specimen examined no pathogen was detected. Single-room isolation was a necessary in only 22% of all cases. Isolation days on the gastroenterological ward decreased from 635 in 2019 to 384 in 2020, a reduction of 39,5%. Conclusion: In acute infectious diarrhea Multiplex PCR is a use full tool to rapidly identify the causative agent and exclude the necessity of isolation in the majority of cases. In spite of all medical and economical advantages Multiplex PCR testing has not been established widely so far.
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Mutlag, Nihad Habeeb, Hussein Sami Naji Kermasha, and Ahmed Mohsin Majeed. "Efficiency of Trichoderma harzianum Fungus in Bioremediation of Nominee and Superflak Pesticides Residues in Rice Fields in Najaf-Iraq." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1215, no. 1 (2023): 012035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1215/1/012035.
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Abstract The study included the use two isolates from Trichoderma harzianum that were used to biodegradation of the remaining pesticides. The comparison in petri dishes before and after adding pesticides. Were done the result showed a clear vegetative growth of fungi and their use of pesticides as an energy source. Scanning Electronic Microscope (SEM) was used to compare the vegetative growth of fungi before and after adding pesticides with PDA media, which showed a clear and natural growth with a short period of growth for a petri dish after addition pesticides compared to controlling for a petri dish at the magnification forces values (5446 x, 5955 x, 5998x, 6000 x, 6264x, 6754x) respectively. Spectrophotometer technique was used to estimate the total pesticides in the soil after 90 days of biological treatment with fungi. The results showed the highest biodegradation of superflak pesticide by Trichoderma harzianum (Th.16) which were 94.6%, the remaining superflak was 5.4%, and the degradation of the nominee pesticide percentage by the same isolation was 78.9%, the remaining nominee 21.1%, and the percentage of degradation by Trichoderma harzianum (Th.15) was the lowest percentage in the biodegradation of the nominee pesticide 76% and the percentage of the remaining nominee pesticide 24% and the percentage of biodegradation of the superflak by the same isolation was 92% and the percentage of the remaining superflak the remaining 8%. Spectrophotometer technique was used to estimate the total pesticides in PDB after 90 days of biological treatment with fungi. The results showed the highest biodegradation of Superflak pesticides by Trichoderma harzianum (Th.15) 94.7%, the remaining superflak 5.3%, and the biodegradation percentage of nominee by the same isolation 76%, the remaining nominee 24%, and the percentage of biodegradation of the nominee pesticide by Trichoderma harzianum (Th.16) was the lowest percentage in the biodegradation 86.9% and the percentage of the remaining nominee pesticide 13.1% and the percentage of biodegradation of the superflak by the same isolation 81% and the percentage of the remaining superflak the remaining 19%.
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Wakefield, Douglas S., Michael Pfaller, R. Michael Massanari, and Glenn T. Hammons. "Variation in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Occurrence by Geographic Location and Hospital Characteristics." Infection Control 8, no. 4 (1987): 151–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0195941700065814.
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AbstractA survey of 162 Veterans Administration Medical Center (VAMC) laboratories performing antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed to determine variation in reported rates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolation by geographic location and hospital characteristics. Of the 162 VAMC laboratories surveyed, 136 (84%) provided usable data. The percentage of S aureus isolates reported as resistant to methicillin ranged from 0% to 52% with a mean value of 10% among the 136 survey respondents. MRSA were isolated in every VA Medical District and 96% of all respondent laboratories reported isolating at least one MRSA isolate during the preceding year. These data are considered an underestimate of the time MRSA rate in the VA system due to the fact that many laboratories failed to follow key methodologic guidelines for optimal detection of MRSA. A positive correlation was found between MRSA isolation rate and several measures of hospital size and activity including total beds, total admissions, and total antimicrobial susceptibility tests performed. Geographic clustering of MRSA isolation was observed with distinct areas of very high and very low percentages of S aureus isolates reported as MRSA. The data suggest that the geographic distribution of MRSA within the VA system should be monitored closely for evidence of spread from areas with high-MRSA rates to areas of mid- or low-MRSA rates. Evidence of increased MRSA isolation within these areas may necessitate increased caution in patient referral and transfer patterns within the VA system.
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Bozbek, Taner, Nedim Ozbek, Volkan Sezener, Oktay Erdogan, Ilkay Yavas, and Aydin Unay. "Natural crossing and isolation distance between cotton genotypes in turkey." Scientia Agricola 65, no. 3 (2008): 314–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-90162008000300012.
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The purposes of this study were to determine the percentage of out-crossing, isolation distance and pollinator insect species for cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) seed production in the Aydin region in Turkey. The glandless and red-leaf traits in G. hirsutum were used as genetic markers. Two experiments were conducted over two years that monitored out-crossing in adjacent rows and adjacent plants and established that the percentage of out-crossing varied. The percentage of out-crossing varied between 0% and 13.3% depending on the genetic marker. In the experiment to determine isolation distance, natural crossing percentage was not observed in 2002, while this percentage was 0.8% in the first rows in 2003. In this study, cotton fields were also visited once a week during flowering periods for seven weeks in order to determine the numbers of pollinator insect species, where the only detected species was the honey bee. The numbers of pollinator insects were 2.14% (2002) and 1.30% (2003) for adjacent rows; 1.71% (2002) and 2.00% (2003) for adjacent plants in glandless parcels. It is recommended that the isolation distance between genotypes should be approximately 1 m.
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Orogu, J.O.* and Akpobire D. "ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MICROORGANISMS IN KITCHEN CUTTING BOARD." Indo American Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 04, no. 08 (2017): 2543–47. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.848584.
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Kitchen cutting board is a durable board in which materials are placed for cutting. Eight (8) samples were collected from different kitchen cutting board in Ozoro metropolis of Delta state to ascertain the level of microbial contamination. The microorganisms isolated from kitchen cutting board are Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella spp, Candida albican, Aspergillus niger, Penicillium spp and Mucor spp. The total bacteria count ranges from 0.3*101 to 9.2*103 with E.coli having the highest percentage occurrence of 41.7% while Klebsiella spp. has the least percentage occurrence of 25.0% in all samples. The fungi count ranges from 0*101 to 3.1*103 with Candidas albican having the highest percentage occurrence of 45.5% while Mucor spp has the least percentage occurrence of 9.1%. The result obtained from this study shows that kitchen cutting board is contaminated with pathogenic microorganisms. Proper washing of the kitchen cutting board before and after use should be practiced. Key words: Isolation, Characterization, Kitchen, Microorganism, cutting board
Books on the topic "Percentage isolation"
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Wegren, Stephen K., Alexander Nikulin, and Irina Trotsuk. Food Policy and Food Security. The Rowman & Littlefield Publishing Group, Inc., 2018. https://doi.org/10.5040/9781666993349.
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This book provides a comprehensive analysis of Russian food policy. Food policy is defined as the way government policy influences food production and distribution. Russia’s food policy is important for several reasons. The first and most obvious reason is that a dysfunctional food policy is symptomatic of larger political and societal problems. A failing food policy is often the precursor to political instability. Russian food policy is also important is due to the agricultural recovery since 2004 that has allowed Russia to become self-sufficient in grain production. Being food-sufficient in grain means that Russia is not drawing upon global grain supply. Even more important, Russia now produces surpluses and has become a global grain supplier. Moreover, the agricultural recovery has made the country food secure, traditionally defined as having enough food for a healthy life. An analysis of food policy reveals that the structure of food production has changed with the emergence of mega-farms called agroholdings that are horizontally and vertically integrated. Agroholdings represent a concentration of capital and land, with a small number of farms producing large percentages of total food output. The book explores alternatives to the industrial agricultural model by discussing different variants of sustainable agriculture. A final importance of Russian food policy concerns food trade. Russia has become more protectionist since 2012. The food embargo against Western nations (2014-2017) is one example, so too is import substitution that is a core component of food policy. The book demonstrates the politicalization of external food trade. Food trade and denial of access to the Russian market is used as an instrument of foreign policy to punish countries with whom Russia has disagreements. Current Russian policymakers have food resources to augment, support, and extend national interests abroad. Russia historically has cycled through periods of integration and isolation from the West. This book raises the question whether a new normal has arisen that is characterized by the permanent withdrawal from integration, as evidenced by its nationalist and protectionist food policy. The book is entirely original, rich in detail and broad in scope. It is based on field work, survey data, a wide reading of primary sources and the secondary literature, all of which are linked to important policy questions in development studies and food studies. It is destined to become a classic book on Russian food policy.
Book chapters on the topic "Percentage isolation"
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Bakshi, Suman, Johar Singh, and Sanjay J. Jambhulkar. "Isolation and characterization of yellow rust resistant mutants in wheat." In Mutation breeding, genetic diversity and crop adaptation to climate change. CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789249095.0010.
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Abstract Stripe rust, also known as yellow rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst), is a major threat to wheat production leading to yield losses up to 84%. Due to climate change, new races of the yellow rust pathogen are appearing for which no durable source of resistance has been observed in the present high-yielding varieties. A mutation breeding programme was initiated in two popular varieties, namely PBW343 and HD2967, using gamma-ray and electron beam irradiation. Gamma-ray doses of 250, 300 and 350 Gy and electron beam doses of 150, 200 and 250 Gy were used for seed irradiation. The M<sub>2</sub> population was screened in the field from seedling to adult plant stage by spraying a mixture of urediniospores of Pst pathotypes. Disease severity was recorded as the percentage of leaf area covered by the rust pathogen following a modified Cobb's scale. A total of 52 putative yellow rust resistant mutants in HD2967 and 63 in PBW343 were isolated. The number of mutants was higher in the electron beam irradiated population compared with gamma-rays. The absence of sporulation and spore production of the rust pathogen on the mutants indicated resistance. Mutant plants showing seedling resistance also showed resistance at adult plant stage. Seed yield and its contributing characters were better in the mutants compared with the parents. These rust resistant mutants could be novel sources of stripe rust or yellow rust resistance. The plant-to-row progenies of these mutants were confirmed and characterized in the M<sub>3</sub> generation.
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Kribel, Sanae, Safaa Qostal, Moulay Abdelaziz El Alaoui, Karima Selmaoui, Amina Ouazzani Touhami, and Allal Douira. "Morphological and Molecular Identification of Trichoderma spp. Native to Moroccan Phosphate Mines." In Advances in Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering. IGI Global, 2025. https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3693-9450-2.ch019.
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Mycological analysis of soil, rhizosphere and plant roots brought back from sites adjacent to Moroccan phosphate mines permitted the isolation of several fungi at different mean isolation percentage, Aspergillus (30.55%), Trichoderma (17.27%), Penicillium (16.27%), Rhizopus (13.77%), Fusarium (5.42%), Acremonium (2.42%) and 14.27% unidentified. 22 strains of Trichoderma were identified based on morphological and molecular traits. On media cultures, the mycelium can be wooly, cottonseed, or compact with a regular contour with or without concentric rings and white coloration at the beginning going towards green and/or yellow on older cultures. Microscopic observations of mycelia have shown that they are composed of hyaline hyphae, separated, branched to thin wall, about 3μ m thick.
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Hostettmann, K., A. Marston, and J. L. Wolfender. "Strategy in the search for new biologically active plant constituents." In Phytochemistry of Plants Used in Traditional Medicine. Oxford University PressOxford, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198577751.003.0002.
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Abstract The plant kingdom represents an extraordinary reservoir of novel molecules. Of the estimated 250,000-500,000 plant species around the globe, only a small percentage has been investigated phytochemically and the fraction subjected to biological or pharmacological screening is even lower. Since plants may contain hundreds or even thousands of metabolites, there is currently a resurgence of interest in the vegetable kingdom as a possible source of new lead compounds for introduction into therapeutical screening programmes. The rapid disappearance of tropical forests and other important areas of vegetation has meant that it is essential to have access to methods which lead to the rapid isolation and identification of bioactive natural products.
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Golden, Bernard. "The Key Component tor Anger Management: Your Relotionship with Your Child." In Healthy Anger. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195156577.003.0002.
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Abstract In recent years it has become all too common to read newspaper headlines describing the latest incidents of child and adolescent violence. These events are immediately followed by cries for gun control, a reduction of violence in the media and in video games, and an increased emphasis on teaching morality in schools and at home. Addressing these contributing factors may help to prevent some violence. However, while the media highlight violence, only a small percentage of children and teens express anger in this most extreme way. Far more children and teens who have ongoing difficulty with anger exhibit bullying, underachievement, substance abuse, social isolation, truancy, prejudice, gang participation, sexual promiscuity, and suicidal behaviors. At the same time, some children and teens who appear fine on the surface experience depression, excessive guilt or shame, or intense anxiety related to mismanaged anger.
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Meen, Geoffrey, and Christine Whitehead. "Rental Affordability." In Understanding Affordability. Policy Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781529211863.003.0005.
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Chapter 5 discusses housing for low-income groups. Households face a wide dispersion of housing costs and data for the UK and many other countries show that those on low incomes are more likely to spend a high percentage of their incomes on housing in the absence of support. Low-income households are also more heavily concentrated in the rental housing sectors. The chapter, therefore, concentrates on the measures that have been implemented to support housing and the extent to which the problem of high rents is offset by income related subsidies. The chapter also stresses that low-income affordability cannot be considered in isolation from other parts of the housing market and the economy more widely, notably fiscal and monetary policies and changes in the income distribution, and policy has generally taken insufficient account of the interlinkages.
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de França Fagner Alexandre Nunes, Avesani Francisco Paulo Basile, de Mello Massimino Beatriz, de Souza Bueno Benedito, and Zornberg Jorge Gabriel. "Tensile and Creep Behavior of Geosynthetics Using Confined-Accelerated Tests." In Advances in Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering. IOS Press, 2013. https://doi.org/10.3233/978-1-61499-297-4-90.
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A major aspect in geosynthetics creep analysis is the load level applied to the specimen, usually referred as a percentage of the geosynthetic ultimate tensile strength (UTS). Since both tensile and creep standard tests are performed with in-isolation specimens, they may not reproduce the possibly significant effect of soil-geosynthetic interaction. A new creep testing machine was recently developed and successfully addressed this concern. However, further developments allowed tensile tests to be performed in the same conditions used in nonconventional creep ones. This paper presents the results of nonconventional tensile tests performed with a woven biaxial polyester geogrid. They were used to define its UTS in the same conditions employed in creep tests performed with the new equipment. Despite changes in tensile curves shapes were found, the UTS from confined, accelerated and confined-accelerated tensile tests were quite similar to those obtained with standard tensile test procedure.
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Mishra, Pradeep, and Jannat Fatima Farooqui. "Remote Literacy Interventions With Children During COVID-19." In Shaping Online Spaces Through Online Humanities Curricula. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-4055-1.ch008.
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The outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic resulted in large-scale educational disruptions for school-going children around the world. India was among the worst hit, as multiple lockdowns put a sizeable percentage of Indian children, out of school which resulted in accumulated learning gaps, particularly for children coming from marginalized socio-economic backgrounds. To confront this learning crisis and curricular deficits, Room to Read India, a global organization working towards a world free of illiteracy and gender inequality, adopted multiple remote literacy interventions to reach out to children from vulnerable families. The study recommends that a blended hybrid mode of education, incorporating both online and offline mediums of learning, is significant in bridging the digital divide for marginalized children, who do not have adequate access or knowledge about digital resources. It was inferred that successful digital learning for children cannot take place in isolation and a dynamic partnership between teachers and parents is essential to reach out to vulnerable children.
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Caroli, Betty Boyd. "The Paradoxical 1920s." In First Ladies. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195099447.003.0006.
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Abstract The most popular book on the 1920s emphasizes enormous contradictions in the American scene. At the same time that individuals experienced great strides in their personal lives, the nation took one giant step backward into”normalcy. A country tired of sacrificing for war and weary of high-minded slogans about”making the world safe for democracy" reverted to old ways that emphasized personal comfort and national isolation. Nowhere is the contradiction more apparent than in accounts of women’s lives. The view of the 1920s as”roaring" gives only half the picture. It is true that contraception and cosmetics became more available and acceptable; Freud and flapper fashions offered new freedoms. Electric appliances promised to diminish the time required for house work (if standards of acceptable cleanliness did not rise concurrently) and old barriers that had stood between the sexes, in matters such as smoking in public, dropped. Women increased their percentage of the labor force, and 450,000 of the new jobs were in the professions.
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Bacon, Jean. "Introduction." In Lifelines. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195099720.003.0001.
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Abstract In the thirty years since Congress lifted the onerous restrictions of the 1924 Immigration Act, immigration has once again altered the face of just about every large metropolitan area in the United States. The swelling population of Asian Indians in Chicago and its suburbs exemplifies a growing trend among current immigrants, particularly the increasingly large percentage from Asia. Many come to America endowed with educations and financial resources that the earlier wave of impoverished European immigrants could only dream about for their descendants. Absorbed into well-paid occupational niches, these post-1965 immigrant professionals have options in terms of living arrangements that were not feasible for the majority of their immigrant predecessors. Dispersed throughout the suburbs with other middle-class people of varying backgrounds and interests, these immigrants from India and their families have one thing in common with many of their native-born neighbors: they are all busy constructing identities to alleviate a sense of isolation and to connect with some type of a “community.”
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El Rhoch, Mohamed, Soukaina Maazouzi, Mohamed Ouajdi, et al. "Fusarium Solani Associated With Dieback Disease of Argan Trees in Nurseries (Morocco)." In Advances in Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering. IGI Global, 2025. https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3693-9450-2.ch012.
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The expansion of argan cultivation may experience problems related to fungal diseases generated by several pathogens. Fusarium genus is known to have a board range of hosts. One of them is Fusarium solani. This species was retrieved from argan seedlings growing in 2023 in a nursery of argan plants located in southwestern Morocco and showing collapsing symptoms. The postulate of Koch was studied using inoculation method by Fusarium solani isolated from diseased plants. After 8 to 10 weeks, all inoculated plants showed necrosis symptoms in stems, root rot and even loss of vegetative parts while no symptoms were observed in the control plants. The pathogen was successfully reisolated from symptomatic plants both at roots or above-ground plant parts with a percentage re-isolation in the order of 80%. Furthermore, the root system was the site point of the fungal attack induced by F. solani targeting plant radicles. Accordingly, damage the potential capacity of roots to ensure mineral nutrients and water uptake have been affected.
Conference papers on the topic "Percentage isolation"
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Cantó Ibáñez, Jorge J., Jaime Cervantes, Lorenzo Martínez Martínez de la Escalera, Hernán Rivera Ramos, Eguiguren G. Fernando, and Lorenzo Martínez Gómez. "Cathodic Protection in High Consequences Areas: Challenges and Solutions in Eastern Ecuador Oil Production Fields." In CORROSION 2013. NACE International, 2013. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2013-02408.
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Abstract With the continuous growth in oil production, the Ecuadorian economy is expanding its development in the medium and long-term exploitation of new and tested reserves. This new operation will occur in regions with the world’s most biodiverse and Waorani communities, which remain in limited contact with the rest of the Ecuadorian population, and with the subgroups identified as Tagaeri and Taromenane, which are kept in complete isolation. The region’s oil production has been in a unique symbiosis between industrial activity, the environment, and the native population. In this delicate environment, the implementation of more stringent standards in the industry becomes a commitment. Maintaining the integrity of the pipeline through cathodic protection (CP) becomes a crucial line of defense to ensure continuous and reliable operation in a high-consequence area due to ecology and business. This paper reports the diagnosis and solution approach for the reengineering of cathodic protection systems for pipelines, as well as a first experience in the application of numerical modeling of a complete oil field where high conductivity soil causes current to reach distant structures. Also, the discharge of CP to the water inside the pipelines is reported as a major problem since only a limited percentage of the total current is utilized to polarize the pipeline. As the defect increases, water production and its presence as a secondary phase within the pipeline exceeds ninety percent from oil; electrical insulation systems stop working when a discharge of current through the electrolyte and across the isolation joint. This paper describes the design of a CP system for internal protection of the pipelines at the discharge points.
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Hiemenz, Gregory, Muthuvel Murugan, Wei Hu, Jin-Hyeong Yoo, and Norman Wereley. "Fail-Safe Magnetorheological Energy Absorber for a Vertically Stroking Crashworthy Seat Suspension." In Vertical Flight Society 70th Annual Forum & Technology Display. The Vertical Flight Society, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4050/f-0070-2014-9478.
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To mitigate injurious effects caused by crash loads, energy absorbing devices in crew seats are utilized to attenuate energy using a controlled seat stroke. The objective of this project is to develop a fail-safe magnetorheological energy absorber (FSMREA) with magnetic bias and demonstrate its ability in adapting stroking load based on occupant weight and crash severity. A multiple rotary vane structure is adopted to obtain a compact and lightweight FSMREA while maximizing energy absorbing capability required for maximum occupant weights. A design analysis is conducted to optimize a permanent magnet and electromagnetic coil configuration. The developed FSMREA is characterized using a rotation testing stand and a dynamic testing machine. The FSMREA force as a function of applied currents and stroking speeds is established. The testing results demonstrate that the FSMREA can provide a fail-safe force for 50th %tile (percentile) male occupant, as well as adaptive minimum and maximum force for 5th %tile female and 95th %tile male occupants, respectively. As a continuously adjustable profile energy absorber, the FSMREA is capable of not only providing optimal protection to the crew seat occupant from crash loads, but also effectively isolating vibration from vehicle motions.
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Carro-López, Diego, Ignasi Fernandez, Carlos G. Berrocal, and Javier Eiras-López. "Bond behaviour of concrete with fine recycled aggregate." In IABSE Congress, San José 2024: Beyond Structural Engineering in a Changing World. International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2024. https://doi.org/10.2749/sanjose.2024.0073.
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<p>The recycled aggregate industry allows reusing old structures that need to be demolished. Once crushed, the original concrete can be reused as aggregates for new concrete. However, this recycling technique has some limitations. While coarse recycled aggregates present a more uniform quality and can be used without difficulties, fine recycled aggregates under 4 mm exhibit a high degree of absorption that prevents its use. Previous research indicates, nevertheless, that the use of this substandard material is possible, leading to acceptable quality concrete that can be applied as base quality concrete suitable for many project elements. Furthermore, this would address the issue of disposing of the fine recycled aggregate in the recycling plants.</p><p>In this research the material used was obtained after crushing beams from a recently demolished bridge (Gullspång bridge 1935). The recycled concrete was produced including incremental percentages of recycled fine aggregate: 0, 20 50 &amp; 100%. To maintain the workability, the absorption of the aggregates was compensated by adding the necessary water and by keeping the water to cement ratio constant. The coarse fraction consisted of natural aggregate, which allowed for the isolation of the anticipated negative effects associated with the fine recycled aggregate. As such, any observed effects could be directly attributed to the lower quality of the recycled aggregate.</p><p>Moreover, samples were cast using this material to evaluate the bond strength between recycled concrete and steel rebars. The specimens were designed with a controlled active length, and plastic tubes at the ends to prevent the adhesion of the paste to the steel. Bond-slip curves were obtained from pull-out tests carried under displacement-control. The results indicate that the effect of using recycled aggregate on the bond strength appears to follow the same trend as the reduction in compressive strength. Nonetheless, the quality of the resulting concrete is sufficient for many applications.</p>
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M., Anandhakrishnan, Asif Basheer, and Ancy Mathew. "Evaluation of Vertical Stiffness of Scrap Tyre Pad Base Isolator with Change in Aspect Ratio." In 6th International Conference on Modeling and Simulation in Civil Engineering. AIJR Publisher, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21467/proceedings.156.23.
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Earthquake has severe effect on all kinds of structures. Usually, seismic isolation is done in case of high-rise buildings. But from the past experiences it can be observed that the effect of earthquake is not only restricted to high rise framed structures, but also to the low rise unreinforced masonry structures. In developing nations, it is very expensive to finance earthquake isolation measures to safeguard buildings which are not classified as important buildings, such as houses or other minor structures, making the adoption of this type of system almost unfeasible. By incorporating low horizontal stiffness devices into the structure, it is possible to reduce the impact of seismic loads on those structures. The elastomeric bearings, sliding bearings and hybrid systems are the most commonly used type of base isolators. Due to the presence of synthetic or natural rubber and high strength reinforcing cords, the Scrap Tyre Pad (STPs) exhibits substantial vertical stiffness and horizontal flexibility. Hence it can be used as a suitable seismic isolation material for structures. In the present study, experimental evaluation of variation of vertical stiffness of STPs is conducted and an empirical modal relating the percentage increase in stiffness to percentage increase in aspect ratio is proposed.
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Van de pol, H., N. Bihorean, A. Sauger, and V. Ganne. "ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ACTIVATED FACTOR VIII." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644035.
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Recently a discussion has started in the scientific press about the molecular nature of activated human antihemophilic Factor. One group suggests that the generation of the 90KD/80KD complex and the subsequent cleavage on the light chain is sufficient to cause activation, another group insists that full activation is only achieved when also the heavy chain of Factor VIII is cleaved by thrombin. Most of the results reported, are obtained with very high pure preparations of Factor VIII. In order to test the significance of the reported molecular nature of Factor VIII activation, we activated the human antihemophilic Factor in commercial concentrates and analysed the activated plasma concentrates using biological assays or immunoprecipitation-techniques and characterized immunopurified activated Factor VIII by FPLC and PAGE analytical techniques. Using those methods we noticed that the activation of Factor VIII in plasma concentrates starts with a cleavage by thrombin of the light chain resulting in a three fold activation. The generated 70KD product is complexed with the heavy chain and its higher molecular weight parents (90KD, 110KD, 120KD, 130KD, 145DK, 155KD, 180KD and 210KD), an can be isolatedas those active complexes using immunopurification or Fast Pressure Liquid Chromatography. The isolated 70KD containing complexes can be activated another three fold without the expected proteolytic cleavage of the heavy chain. The generation of the 45KD and 55KD cleavage products of the heavy chain are first seen when an excess of thrombin is used for activation, and corresponds likely with the first inactivation of the molecule. Furthermore we report a protective role of region B against activation by thrombin: when partially activated Factor VIII was analysed by Fast Pressure Liquid Chromatography, we noticed a significant higher percentage uncleaved 80KD fragment in fractions containing region B.
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Andreyanov, O. N., A. V. Uspensky, and A. N. Postevoy. "PRIMARY STAGE OF TOXOCARA ANTIGEN PRODUCTION." In THEORY AND PRACTICE OF PARASITIC DISEASE CONTROL. VNIIP – FSC VIEV, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.31016/978-5-6050437-8-2.2024.25.41-45.
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The article describes a method for isolating Toxocara canis larvae from chorions. Nematode larvae can serve as a specific antigen in the diagnosis with serological reactions. The study material was cultures of Toxocara eggs obtained from female nematode gonads. Toxocara eggs were stored in a 4.0% formalin solution or a 1.0% hydrochloric acid solution. Sexually mature female Toxocara species were obtained by isolating helminths from the intestines of carcasses of naturally infected carnivores. For artificial isolation of Toxocara larvae from eggs, a method of their short-term incubation in the bile of ruminants was used. The nematode egg culture was put on a heated magnetic stirrer. A magnet in plastic of 1.5–3.5 cm was placed in a sample, and heating to 38±1 оC was turned on. After 30-minute exposure, the larvae were washed in the saline. For convenience, they may be placed in a Berman device at 38±1 оС. The materials freshly obtained and stored for 3 months showed a high percentage of larval yield from eggs. The stored material showed a rather worse result for the 1st year.
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Joshi, Alok A., Peter H. Meckl, Galen B. King, and Kristofer Jennings. "Information-Theoretic Sensor Subset Selection: Application to Signal-Based Fault Isolation in Diesel Engines." In ASME 2006 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2006-15903.
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In this paper a stepwise information-theoretic feature selector is designed and implemented to reduce the dimension of a data set without losing pertinent information. The effectiveness of the proposed feature selector is demonstrated by selecting features from forty three variables monitored on a set of heavy duty diesel engines and then using this feature space for classification of faults in these engines. Using a cross-validation technique, the effects of various classification methods (linear regression, quadratic discriminants, probabilistic neural networks, and support vector machines) and feature selection methods (regression subset selection, RV-based selection by simulated annealing, and information-theoretic selection) are compared based on the percentage misclassification. The information-theoretic feature selector combined with the probabilistic neural network achieved an average classification accuracy of 90%, which was the best performance of any combination of classifiers and feature selectors under consideration.
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Gallardo Hernandez, E. A., J. Cotter, R. Lewis, and D. T. Eadie. "The Effect of Friction Modifiers on Wheel/Rail Isolation." In IEEE/ASME/ASCE 2008 Joint Rail Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2008-63030.
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Train detection, for signalling purposes, is often by means of track circuits. Signalling block occupancy is triggered by the wheelset of the train ‘shorting out’ the track circuit, i.e. the wheels and axle act as a shunt. Contamination on the track such as ballast dust, rust, oil, or leaves as well as substances designed to improve train operation such as friction modifiers or sand may cause the contact between the wheelsets and the track to be compromised, inhibiting train identification. In previous work a twin disc approach has been used to study the effect of sand (used to improve adhesion) and leaves on wheel/rail isolation. Friction modifiers are of significant current interest in wheel/rail research. Introducing a new material into the tread/top of rail interface can raise questions about the impact on signalling systems. Although no significant effects have been observed in practical operation on a range of railway systems, the intention in this work was to evaluate conductance between wheel and rail in a more controlled and systematic fashion using the previously established methodology. Using the twin disc technique, friction modifier, in the form of a solid stick, was applied using a spring loaded device to the rotating wheel disc to generate a visible film. Tests were run to measure contact impedance at typical loads and slips. Static tests were also carried out using discs pre-conditioned with a friction modifier film. The electrical circuit used was a modified simplified simulation of audio frequency track circuit. No significant difference was observed in the measured impedance for dry conditions with no friction modifier, versus tests where friction modifier was applied, regardless of percentage slip or input voltage. The analysis suggests that the introduction of friction modifier into the existing wheel/rail interfacial film does not result in increased impedance with all other factors being equal.
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Eidson, B., J. Macdonald, R. Carduner, C. Theodore, and S. Hervo. "An Interdisciplinary Economic Appraisal of Plug-And-Perf Versus Single-Point Entry Completions Systems Using Simulation." In SPE Hydraulic Fracturing Technology Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/217787-ms.
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Abstract Selecting which formation access and interstage isolation approach is economically superior is difficult to assess due to the complex interactions of these systems’ impact on drilling and completions cycle time and cost and well performance. An integrated view is necessary to assess the economics of single-point entry sleeve completions systems and plug-and-perf systems. The difficulty is exacerbated by the uncertainty of the percentage of effective plug-and-perf clusters. This paper documents the use of commercial simulation software to precisely estimate the daily cashflows for the life of a well pad (from rig move to decommissioning) using designs based on each system. The plug-and-perf cluster efficiency percentage is swept, and the percentage at which its economics breakeven with the single-point entry scenario is calculated. This is performed for multiple subsurface areas whose well performance vary differently from one another as effective cluster spacing changes. Using NPV/section, it was discovered plug-and-perf scenarios needed a cluster efficiency between 38-52% to breakeven with the corresponding single-point entry scenario. However, these results are highly dependent on an operator's contractual frameworks, well performance, and well production constraints.
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Razeeb, Kafil M., Alessio Munari, Eric Dalton, Jeff Punch, and Saibal Roy. "Thermal Properties of Carbon Nanotube-Polymer Composites for Thermal Interface Material Applications." In ASME/JSME 2007 Thermal Engineering Heat Transfer Summer Conference collocated with the ASME 2007 InterPACK Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht2007-32596.
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This work presents the thermal property study of single wall and multi wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNT and MWCNT) both in their purified and unpurified forms introduced to silicone elastomer to enhance the thermal diffusivity of this industrial polymer. An increase in thermal diffusivity was observed for incremental loading of both purified and unpurified single wall and multiwall CNT in epoxy at different percentages. An increase of thermal diffusivity as high as 130% was achieved for ∼2 wt% loading of both single wall and multi wall nanotubes. Electrical conductivity measurements showed a percolation threshold for 2% loading of multiwall CNT, below which the nanotube-epoxy composite behaved as an insulator — this is a key property for applications where electrical isolation is required. For single wall CNT-epoxy composite all the samples showed high resistance to the conduction of current. Thermal impedance measurements showed a strong dependency of contact resistance with percentage loading. Finally, the feasibility of deploying carbon nanotube-polymer composites as practical thermal interface materials for electronics thermal management is discussed.
Reports on the topic "Percentage isolation"
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The space between: Analysis of gender and ethnicity pay gaps in UK-based organisations active in global health. Global Health 50/50, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.56649/zhpp4836.
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Inequalities in opportunities, power and privilege are evident in our working lives. Historical structures shape opportunities in the career pipelines of different groups of people, including access to education, recruitment and promotion, occupational segregation and the so-called ‘motherhood penalty’. Often these dynamics result in certain groups, particularly men and traditionally privileged ethnic groups, occupying higher status and better paid positions, than other groups – resulting in what are called ‘pay gaps’. Increasing transparency on pay gaps helps to ensure that employers are being fair in providing equitable (fair) opportunities and reducing inequalities across the workforce it also holds them accountable for closing the gap. In the UK, reporting the gender pay gap has been mandatory since 2017 for organisations with more than 250 employees. The law has driven an unprecedented level of transparency on the gender pay gap in the UK and provided valuable information to employers and employees on inequality inside their organisations. To date, however, reporting the ethnicity pay gap remains voluntary. Global Health 50/50 (GH5050) tracks and publicises the policies and practices of nearly 200 organisations active in global health for their commitments to gender equality. This Report takes a deep dive into the reporting of gender and ethnicity pay gap data of 43 organisations in the GH5050 sample which have a presence in the UK. This Report focuses specifically on UK-based organisations given the general lack of pay gap reporting worldwide. The Report finds that, between 2017 and 2022, some progress was made in closing the gap – from 12.7% to 10.9% for median pay gap, and from 14.3% to 10.8% for mean pay gap. A quarter of organisations, however, saw an increase in their gender pay gap by a median 3.6 percentage points. In the absence of mandatory reporting, we found that only 13 organisations voluntarily reported their ethnicity pay gaps in 2022, mostly reporting binary gaps between white and ethnic minority employees. While binary reporting in isolation is generally not recommended, it may be needed to protect salary information of ethnic minority employees when numbers of employees are small. Among this (limited) data, we found a median gap of 3.7% and a mean gap of 6.9% favouring white employees. This Report finds that there has been some positive change since mandatory gender pay gap reporting was introduced in 2017. Yet slow and uneven progress indicates a clear need for continued advocacy to ensure pay gap transparency and to close the gender pay gap. This advocacy should include the expansion of mandatory pay gap reporting to include ethnicity; and for very large organisations, an intersectional approach to the data (combining gender and ethnicity, for example) will provide even more nuance and understanding of where action is needed. Even in the absence of legislative requirements, employers in global health, which are often working to advance social justice and gender equality, should act as models for career equality including by publicly reporting pay gap data. This data can inform target-setting and the development of policies to reduce the gap, such as including multiple women in shortlists for recruitment and promotion, and transparency in pay negotiations. Closing the unjust space between women’s and men’s pay is an urgent priority and would ensure that women are equally and fairly paid for their contributions to organisations and to society. Increasing transparency of the pay gaps will rely on more countries passing legislation, as a critical component of comprehensive frameworks for diversity, inclusion and equality in the workplace.