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1
Kocur, Sylwia, and Mirosława Noppenberg. "Izolacja pacjentów hospitalizowanych w szpitalu specjalistycznym." Journal of Life and Medical Sciences 1(37)/2024 (October 16, 2024): 31–38. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14014917.
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Isolation is a regular part of any infection prevention program. The main purpose of isolationis to create a barrier to prevent the spread of microorganisms from an infected or colonized per-son to other patients, hospital visitors and health care workers. The use of protective measuresand isolation are essential to control the spread of epidemic and endemic microorganisms. Theeffectiveness of isolation depends on the speed with which infectious patient are identified andappropriate precautions are taken.The purpose of this study was to present the implementation of the procedure for preventingthe spread of nosocomial infections in a specialty hospital.The research method used was documentoscopy, classified as a quantitative research method.The technique used was a retrospective analysis of Hospital Infection Control Team documen-tation. The documentation of the Hospital Infection Control Team was analyzed - monitoringof isolation rooms in operation covering the period from January to May 2024. The analysisincluded 171 isolation cases out of 6667 treated patients at the Józef Dietl Specialist Hospital inKrakow.The largest number of patients was isolated in the Second Department of Internal Medicineand Gastroenterology - 70 patients. In the Orthopedics and Rehabilitation department, therewere no indications of isolation. The highest percentage of patients isolated in relation to thetotal number of hospitalized patients in the analyzed period occurred in the Second Departmentof Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology and amounted to 8.13%. Most isolations were con-ducted due to influenza A virus. There were also repeated isolations of the same patients.Infectious diseases are most often transmitted by contact and airborne droplet routes. Theaverage isolation time was the longest for protective isolation and the shortest for air-dust isola-tion.
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Muwafaq Azeez, Iman, and Mohammed Nather Maa'roof. "Isolation and Identification of some Bacterial Species From Cervix Infected Women in Salahuddin Governorate." Tikrit Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 13, no. 1 (2023): 44–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjphs.2018.13.1.7.44.53.
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This study was carried out for isolating some pathogenic types of positive and negative bacteria for Gram stain, which cause the infection of the vaginitis in infected women and its diagnosis by routine laboratory methods and confirm the diagnosis using Vitek2compact system by collecting fifty samples of the swab of the cervix in the period between October 2015 till April 2016 from the in patients and out patients women in Salahuddin Hospital for the age groups between (14-50) years.The results of isolation show the percentage of bacterial growth was 78%, it reached samples in 78%.The results of the diagnosis of routine diagnostic tests, which were confirmed by using VITEK comparte2 system that there was a diversity of bacterial species including bacterial species from the source of isolation of vaginal infection, where the Escherichia coli bacteria had the highest isolation rate of isolation in 22%, followed by other bacterial species with different isolations. It was observed that there was a variation in the isolation rates and bacterial infections species of the vagina where bacterial isolates were isolated Proteus mirabilis isolates in 20.5% and as Klebsiella pneumonia showed isolations in 10.3%. For Salmonicida Aeromonas and Staphylococcus hominis Bacteria, the isolates was in 7.7%, While Pseudomonas luteola, Pantoes spp, Pseudomonas oryzihabitans, Ochrobactrum anthropic, Sphingomonas paucimbilis bacteria, isolations were isolated in 5.1 %.All isolates were characterized by their high resistance to ten different types of antibiotics, which represent: Gentamicin, Oxacillin, Tetracyclin, Cefotaxme, Amplicillin Novabiocin, Chloramphenicol, Rifampin, Trimethoprim and Azithromycin. The bacterial isolates gave absolute resistance to 100% of the majority of antibiotics used in our current study, while most isolates were sensitive to antagonists Gentamicin
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Hasso, Saleem Amin. "Epidemiological study of thermophlic Campylobacter isolated from diarrheic and non diarrheic cows in Baghdad governorate." Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Medicine 42, no. 1 (2018): 105–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.30539/iraqijvm.v42i1.39.
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The study achieved isolating Campylobacter spp from diarrheic and non-diarrheic cows and studying the percentage of diarrhea in 10 areas in Baghdad governorate (AL Shaeluh, Abou Ghurayb , Khadmyia , Sadar city , Suwyria, Mahmudyia, Latifyia , Alridwaniuh, Hur Rajb and Yousfyia), One thousand fecal samples were cultured on different selective culture media specific for Campylobacter spp ,and different biochemical tests were used (oxidase reaction, Oxoid biochemical identification system campy, Tripple Sugar Iron ( TSI) , hippurate hydrolysis and the use of Vietik (NH). Eighty isolates of Campylobacter spp were recorded ( 8% ).Campylobacter spp isolates included C. jejuni 30(3%) C. coli 30(3%) and C.lari 20(2%). High percentage of diarrhea was recorded in Hur rajb and Abou Ghurayb 70(82.35%) , 81 (81.81 %) respectively while lower percentage of diarrhea was in Mahmudyia and Yousfyia in percentage 43(39.09%).50(46.72%), High percentage of campylobacter isolates was recorded in AL shaeluh 15 (18.75%) , while lower percentage of isolates was recorded in Hur rajb and Yousfyia 5(6.25%), 4(5%) respectively . Age group one day to one month gave the highest isolation rate 50 %(40) while lowest isolation rate in age group(6 months to 1year) 5% ( 4) under (P ˂0.0001) level. The highest isolation rates were recorded in Summer 2016(19.16%) and Summer 2017 (24.32%) while the lowest isolation rates was recorded in Winter (0.8%). Animals infected with C. jejuni and C coli , showed obvious clinical signs including depression, loss of appetite and inability to feed newborn calves, they suffered from severe diarrhea and dehydration, and the presence of blood and thick mucus , high fever were observed in some animals, while in animals infected with C.lari the clinical signs, were mostly within normal limits .It can be concluded that two species of campylobacter( C.coli and.C. Lari) isolated from diarriheic cows,are new species added to the two species of campylobacter (C. fetus and C.Jejuni) previously isolated from cows in Iraq and increasing the total campylobacter species confirmed in Iraq to four spp.
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Kantharajah, AS, and WA Dodd. "Factors That Influence the Yield and Viability of Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L) Cotyledon Protoplasts." Australian Journal of Botany 38, no. 2 (1990): 169. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt9900169.
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Protoplasts isolated from cotyledons of aseptically germinated cucumber seedlings were divided into three size classes. The relationships between tissue age, isolation procedure, yield and protoplast size were investigated. During germination and up to an age of 13 days, the percentage of protoplasts in each size class underwent considerable change with a big reduction in percentage of the largest protoplasts in older cotyledons. Protoplast size and yield could also be manipulated by varying the isolation technique. In this context, temperature, incubation time and shaker speed were significant. By selecting tissue of appropriate age and using a carefully selected isolation procedure the percentage of viable cucumber protoplasts with the ability to form a cell wall and divide can be increased considerably.
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Haramain, S. E., and S. O. Yagoub. "The Antimicrobial Susceptibility and Detection of Virulence Genes of Escherichia coli O157:H7 Isolated from Leafy Green Vegetables." European Journal of Biology and Biotechnology 2, no. 3 (2021): 70–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejbio.2021.2.3.206.
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Vegetables can be vehicles for transmission of E. coli O157:H7 to humans, therefore, this study carried out in order to investigate the presence of Enterohemorrhagic E. coli in ten different types of leafy green vegetables, determined their susceptibility to thirteen antibiotics and detected the presence of some virulence genes.
 Method: Five-hundred samples of green leafy vegetables namely (Lettuce, Spanish, Rocket, Parsley, Mallow, Coriander, Portulaca, Lettuce, Dill, Basil and Chard) were examined for presence of E. coli O157:H7, by using standard microbiological tests (CHROMagarTM O157:H7), further detection of E. coli O157:H7 was done by Multiplex PCR (mPCR) for the detection of virulence genes (stx1, stx2, intmin and hlyA) These genes are causative factors of settlement, adhesion, and attack of STEC bacteria to gastrointestinal mucosa.
 Results: E. coli O157:H7 was isolated from eight (80%) out of ten types of green leafy vegetable as 12 (2.40%) in which the highest percentage of isolation was shown in Dill and Chards samples as (4.2%), Coriander and Mallow showed percentage of isolation as (3.33% and 3.03%) respectively, Parsley, Portulaca and Lettuce showed percentages of isolation as 2.43%, 1.92%, respectively, the least percentage of isolation was shown in Rocket (1.7%), No E. coli O157:H7, was detected in Spinach and Basil. Makkah collected samples showed isolation of 7 isolates out of 12 (58.33%). All isolates were resistant to Methicillin (5µg), Metronidazole (5 µg) and Ampicillin (10 µg). Stx2 (110 bp), Stx1 (349 bp), hly A (165 bp) genes were detected. All isolates showed negative results for presence of intimin gene (890 bp). This study concluded that there is a high risk for occurrence of E. coli O157:H7 outbreaks due to consumption of the green leafy vegetables sold in Jeddah Central Market.
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Stephan Hellmig, Stephan Hellmig, Kai Schindewolf, and Andre Bode. "Role of multiplex PCR in the management of acute infectious diarrhea in a hospital setting – a single center retrospective study." Gastroenterology & Hepatology: Open Access 14, no. 2 (2023): 37–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/ghoa.2023.14.00542.
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Background and Aim Isolation measures in patients with acute diarrhea produce enormous costs of materials and personnel. Aim of this retrospective study was to evalute the percentage of unnecessary isolations and the impact of multiplex PCR stool testing on isolation days before and after introduction into clinical practice. Methods: Between July 2020 and July 2022 in total 2373 stool specimens of patients with acute diarrhea and a course no longer than 14 days were analyzed using BioFire® FilmArray® Gastrointestinal (GI) Panel. Number of isolation beds per day were compared before and after the introduction of Multiplex PCR testing. Results: In 65% of all specimen examined no pathogen was detected. Single-room isolation was a necessary in only 22% of all cases. Isolation days on the gastroenterological ward decreased from 635 in 2019 to 384 in 2020, a reduction of 39,5%. Conclusion: In acute infectious diarrhea Multiplex PCR is a use full tool to rapidly identify the causative agent and exclude the necessity of isolation in the majority of cases. In spite of all medical and economical advantages Multiplex PCR testing has not been established widely so far.
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Mutlag, Nihad Habeeb, Hussein Sami Naji Kermasha, and Ahmed Mohsin Majeed. "Efficiency of Trichoderma harzianum Fungus in Bioremediation of Nominee and Superflak Pesticides Residues in Rice Fields in Najaf-Iraq." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1215, no. 1 (2023): 012035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1215/1/012035.
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Abstract The study included the use two isolates from Trichoderma harzianum that were used to biodegradation of the remaining pesticides. The comparison in petri dishes before and after adding pesticides. Were done the result showed a clear vegetative growth of fungi and their use of pesticides as an energy source. Scanning Electronic Microscope (SEM) was used to compare the vegetative growth of fungi before and after adding pesticides with PDA media, which showed a clear and natural growth with a short period of growth for a petri dish after addition pesticides compared to controlling for a petri dish at the magnification forces values (5446 x, 5955 x, 5998x, 6000 x, 6264x, 6754x) respectively. Spectrophotometer technique was used to estimate the total pesticides in the soil after 90 days of biological treatment with fungi. The results showed the highest biodegradation of superflak pesticide by Trichoderma harzianum (Th.16) which were 94.6%, the remaining superflak was 5.4%, and the degradation of the nominee pesticide percentage by the same isolation was 78.9%, the remaining nominee 21.1%, and the percentage of degradation by Trichoderma harzianum (Th.15) was the lowest percentage in the biodegradation of the nominee pesticide 76% and the percentage of the remaining nominee pesticide 24% and the percentage of biodegradation of the superflak by the same isolation was 92% and the percentage of the remaining superflak the remaining 8%. Spectrophotometer technique was used to estimate the total pesticides in PDB after 90 days of biological treatment with fungi. The results showed the highest biodegradation of Superflak pesticides by Trichoderma harzianum (Th.15) 94.7%, the remaining superflak 5.3%, and the biodegradation percentage of nominee by the same isolation 76%, the remaining nominee 24%, and the percentage of biodegradation of the nominee pesticide by Trichoderma harzianum (Th.16) was the lowest percentage in the biodegradation 86.9% and the percentage of the remaining nominee pesticide 13.1% and the percentage of biodegradation of the superflak by the same isolation 81% and the percentage of the remaining superflak the remaining 19%.
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Wakefield, Douglas S., Michael Pfaller, R. Michael Massanari, and Glenn T. Hammons. "Variation in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Occurrence by Geographic Location and Hospital Characteristics." Infection Control 8, no. 4 (1987): 151–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0195941700065814.
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AbstractA survey of 162 Veterans Administration Medical Center (VAMC) laboratories performing antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed to determine variation in reported rates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolation by geographic location and hospital characteristics. Of the 162 VAMC laboratories surveyed, 136 (84%) provided usable data. The percentage of S aureus isolates reported as resistant to methicillin ranged from 0% to 52% with a mean value of 10% among the 136 survey respondents. MRSA were isolated in every VA Medical District and 96% of all respondent laboratories reported isolating at least one MRSA isolate during the preceding year. These data are considered an underestimate of the time MRSA rate in the VA system due to the fact that many laboratories failed to follow key methodologic guidelines for optimal detection of MRSA. A positive correlation was found between MRSA isolation rate and several measures of hospital size and activity including total beds, total admissions, and total antimicrobial susceptibility tests performed. Geographic clustering of MRSA isolation was observed with distinct areas of very high and very low percentages of S aureus isolates reported as MRSA. The data suggest that the geographic distribution of MRSA within the VA system should be monitored closely for evidence of spread from areas with high-MRSA rates to areas of mid- or low-MRSA rates. Evidence of increased MRSA isolation within these areas may necessitate increased caution in patient referral and transfer patterns within the VA system.
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Bozbek, Taner, Nedim Ozbek, Volkan Sezener, Oktay Erdogan, Ilkay Yavas, and Aydin Unay. "Natural crossing and isolation distance between cotton genotypes in turkey." Scientia Agricola 65, no. 3 (2008): 314–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-90162008000300012.
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The purposes of this study were to determine the percentage of out-crossing, isolation distance and pollinator insect species for cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) seed production in the Aydin region in Turkey. The glandless and red-leaf traits in G. hirsutum were used as genetic markers. Two experiments were conducted over two years that monitored out-crossing in adjacent rows and adjacent plants and established that the percentage of out-crossing varied. The percentage of out-crossing varied between 0% and 13.3% depending on the genetic marker. In the experiment to determine isolation distance, natural crossing percentage was not observed in 2002, while this percentage was 0.8% in the first rows in 2003. In this study, cotton fields were also visited once a week during flowering periods for seven weeks in order to determine the numbers of pollinator insect species, where the only detected species was the honey bee. The numbers of pollinator insects were 2.14% (2002) and 1.30% (2003) for adjacent rows; 1.71% (2002) and 2.00% (2003) for adjacent plants in glandless parcels. It is recommended that the isolation distance between genotypes should be approximately 1 m.
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Orogu, J.O.* and Akpobire D. "ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MICROORGANISMS IN KITCHEN CUTTING BOARD." Indo American Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 04, no. 08 (2017): 2543–47. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.848584.
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Kitchen cutting board is a durable board in which materials are placed for cutting. Eight (8) samples were collected from different kitchen cutting board in Ozoro metropolis of Delta state to ascertain the level of microbial contamination. The microorganisms isolated from kitchen cutting board are Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella spp, Candida albican, Aspergillus niger, Penicillium spp and Mucor spp. The total bacteria count ranges from 0.3*101 to 9.2*103 with E.coli having the highest percentage occurrence of 41.7% while Klebsiella spp. has the least percentage occurrence of 25.0% in all samples. The fungi count ranges from 0*101 to 3.1*103 with Candidas albican having the highest percentage occurrence of 45.5% while Mucor spp has the least percentage occurrence of 9.1%. The result obtained from this study shows that kitchen cutting board is contaminated with pathogenic microorganisms. Proper washing of the kitchen cutting board before and after use should be practiced. Key words: Isolation, Characterization, Kitchen, Microorganism, cutting board
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Paape, Max J., and Robert H. Miller. "Sources of variation introduced into a phagocytosis assay as a result of the isolation of neutrophils from bovine blood." American Journal of Veterinary Research 49, no. 8 (1988): 1210–13. https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.1988.49.08.1210.
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SUMMARY A study was conducted to examine sources of variation introduced into a phagocytosis assay as a result of the isolation of neutrophils from bovine blood, including variation attributable to isolation of neutrophils from blood, variation between duplicate determinations of percentage phagocytosis, and the variation in the ability of neutrophils isolated from blood (over repeated collections from the jugular vein) to phagocytose. For the phagocytosis assay, jugular venous blood from each of 4 cows was divided into 2 equal portions. The neutrophils were isolated by lysis of red blood cells with 0.2% sodium chloride. The neutrophils (2 × 107) were incubated in duplicate with 32P-labeled Staphylococcus aureus ([32P]SA; 2 × 108) in skimmed milk samples (2.5% final concentration) prepared from 4 cows. This process was repeated thrice on neutrophils isolated from 4 cows at 2-week intervals. The proportions of variation in percentage of 32P-labeled S aureus phagocytosed between duplicate neutrophil isolations and between duplicate assay determinations were 0 and 1%. Differences among skimmed milk sources and among runs, using blood neutrophils taken at different times from the same donor cow, accounted for 62 and 36% of the total variation. The results indicated that variation arising from blood neutrophil isolation introduced into a phagocytosis assay within a single-day trial is of no concern. The large variation among skimmed milk sample sources indicated differences among cows in the ability of their milk to support phagocytosis. The variation in neutrophil isolations over time for any cow was considered too large to allow for evaluation of physiologic and environmental effects on phagocytosis of neutrophils isolated from blood.
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Ferial, Pestano, Gomathinayagam Subramanian, Ansari Abdullah, and Da Silva Phillip. "Investigation of the occurrence of entomopathogenic fungi in soils and on insects from Corentyne Berbice, Guyana." GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences 8, no. 3 (2019): 001–9. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4284468.
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Entomopathogenic fungi is a component of pest management systems in some countries, and have great potential as a biological control agent against insects. The purpose of this study was to investigate the occurrence of entomopathogenic fungi in soils and on insects from Corentyne Berbice, Guyana South America. A total of 190 insects were collected; which belonged to 14 insect families. They are Aleyrodidae, Coreidae, Acrididae, Blattidae, Drepanidae, Libellulidae, Lycaenidae, Pieridae, Vespidae, Apidae, Formicidae, Culicidae, Scarabaeidae and Muscidae. Acrididae was found to be the most dominant insect family. However, insect-associated fungi were defined to include known entomopathogenic fungi, secondary colonizers and non-pathogenic colonizers. Entomopathogenic fungi found from the insects were <em>Beauveria bassiana, Lecanicillium, Fusarium, </em>and<em> Paecilomyces, </em>comprising of 5.62, 1.41, 3.28 and 0.94 isolation percentage respectively. Among the secondary colonizers, <em>Alternaria,</em> <em>Curvularia, Penicillium, </em>and <em>Cladosporium </em>were found, comprising 4.22, 14.75, 5.62, and 5.15 isolation percentage respectively<em>. </em>Non-pathogenic colonizers had high occurrences; among them was <em>Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus versicolor, Aspergillus clavatus, Phytophthora, Pyricularia, Mucor, Bipolaris, Trichophyton, Trichoderma, </em>and <em>Rhizopus, </em>comprising 22.72, 14.75, 1.64, 1.41, 1.41, 3.51, 7.26, 0.47, 0.23, 4.22 and 1.41 isolation percentage respectively<em>. </em>Moreover, <em>B. bassiana </em>was the only entomopathogenic isolate from the soil samples, comprising of 11.25 isolation percentage. Other soil colonizers present were <em>A. niger, A. flavus, Penicillium, A. clavatus, Mucor, </em>and <em>Rhizopus, </em>comprising of 11.25, 16.25, 6.25, 6.25, 21.25, and 27.50 isolation percentage respectively. These findings highlight that entomopathogenic fungi are present in the bio-systems chosen and further investigations are necessary to establish an effective biocontrol strategy.
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K.Abbass, Yass. "Isolation and identification of some dermatophytes causing Tinea." University of Thi-Qar Journal of Science 5, no. 2 (2015): 75–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.32792/utq/utjsci/v5i2.127.
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The study was included collection of 200 samples (100 samples of skin scales , 79 samples of hairs and 21 samplesof nails) , from patient suffering Tinea . The number of positive samples for culture were 102 sample at ratio 51% ,male form at ratio 53.9% and 46.1% for female. Five dermatophytes species were identified: Microsporum canis(41.75%) , Trichophyton verrucosum (36.89%) , T. violaceum (16.50%) , M. persicolor (3.88%) and M. gypseum (0.97%). Tinea capitis was the most dermatophytosis infection with ratio 39.5% , followed by Tinea corporis (26%) ,then Tinea faciei (12.5%) , Tinea unguium (10.5%) , Tinea cruris (5%) , Tinea pedis (4.5%) , Tinea manum (1.5%),finally Tinea barbae (0.5%) . The high percentage of infection of Tinea capitis , Tinea corporis , Tinea faciei andTinea cruris were within males , while females had a high percentage of infection with Tinea unguium , Tinea pedisand Tinea manum. The stage of age( ≤10) occupied high percentage of Tinea capitis , Tinea corporis and Tinea faciei.
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Vasilchikova, Ekaterina, Polina Ermakova, Alexandra Bogomolova, et al. "A Fresh Look at Islet Isolation from Rabbit Pancreases." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 19 (2024): 10669. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms251910669.
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Islet transplantation represents a promising therapeutic approach for diabetes management, yet the isolation and evaluation of pancreatic islets remain challenging. This study focuses on the isolation of islets from rabbit pancreases, followed by a comprehensive assessment of their viability and functionality. We developed a novel method for isolating islet cells from the pancreas of adult rabbits. We successfully isolated viable islets, which were subsequently evaluated through a combination of viability assays, an insulin enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM). The viability assays indicated a high percentage of intact islets post-isolation, while the insulin ELISA demonstrated robust insulin secretion in response to glucose stimulation. FLIM provided insights into the metabolic state of the islets, revealing distinct fluorescence lifetime signatures correlating with functional viability. Our findings underscore the potential of rabbit islets as a model for studying islet biology and diabetes therapy, highlighting the efficacy of combining traditional assays with advanced imaging techniques for comprehensive functional assessments. This research contributes to the optimization of islet isolation protocols and enhances our understanding of islet functional activity dynamics in preclinical settings.
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Ilyas, Muhammad, Saffora Riaz, and Ali Hassan. "ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF MICROBIAL FAUNA IN UTI PATIENTS." PAFMJ 71, no. 6 (2022): 2242–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.51253/pafmj.v71i6.6585.
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Urinary tract infection caused by bacteria leads to inflammation. It is an important infection which can cause a highly morbidity rates in both males and females. The aim of the present study was determine the percentage prevalence of the UTI among the general population and the percentage of the bacterial isolates in the Urine samples. Among 150 samples bacterial isolates were obtained which included Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Proteus vulgaris, Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The highest prevalence of specific bacteria was found to be Escherichia coli recorded among all the UTI patients to be (55.55%) the least percentage among the bacteria were Klebsiella pneumonia, Proteus vulgaris, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterobacter aerogenes which recorded 16.66%, 5.55%, 11.11% and 11.11% respectively. Results of the study showed that of femaleshad UTI more than the males.
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Abed, Noora M., and Theyab A. Farhan. "The Efficiency of some Control Agents in Resisting the Okra Root Rot Disease Caused by the Fungus Pythium aphanidermatum." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1262, no. 3 (2023): 032059. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1262/3/032059.
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Abstract This study was conducted in the laboratory and plastic house belonging to the Department of plant protection – faculty of Agriculture - Anbar University to evaluate the efficiency of the biological control agent Trichoderma harzianum and the chemical inducing agents sodium bicarbonate NaHCO3 and melatonin C13H16N2O2 in inducing resistance in seeds and seedlings of okra to infection with the disease of seed rot and the fall of seedlings caused by the semi-pathogenic fungus Pythium aphanidermatum double transplantation of some isolates of the-biotic fungus T. harzianum that isolation T2 (centre of Organic Agriculture-Ministry of Agriculture-Iraq) achieved the highest ability in inhibiting the growth of pathogenic semi-fungus, reaching a degree of contrast of 1, while the result of measuring the effectiveness of volatile substances on the PDA medium of the same isolates showed that isolation T2 (center of Organic Agriculture-Ministry of Agriculture-Iraq) gave the highest percentage of inhibition against pathogenic semi-fungus P. aphanidermatum reached 36.4% and the test of the effectiveness of the inducing agents in protecting the seeds of okra, Petra on the medium of PDA showed the effectiveness of the inducing agents sodium bicarbonate and melatonin in protecting the seeds, as the germination rate reached 100% for both, while the bio-fungi isolates achieved isolation T2 (Organic Agriculture Center-Ministry of Agriculture-Iraq) the best germination rate reached 100% and the results of the plastic house experiment showed that the treatment with bio-fungi by soaking for 20 minutes gave high efficiency in the percentage of germination reached 83.33% and reduced the percentage and severity of infection to 23.67% and 18.33% respectively, as for the soaking treatment with melatonin 200 micromuller, the percentage of germination decreased to 63.67% or the percentage and severity The infection rate reached 43.33% and 37% sequentially, as for the spraying treatment with biological agent isolation T2 (Organic Agriculture Centre-Ministry of Agriculture-Iraq) after 15 days of germination reduced the percentage and severity of infection to 32.67% and 25% sequentially and the spraying treatment with melatonin after 15 days of germination achieved the percentage and severity of infection reached 49% and 39.33% sequentially, as for the spraying treatment with biological agent isolation T2 (Organic Agriculture Center-Ministry of Agriculture-Iraq) after 25 days of germination, it gave the highest efficiency in reducing the percentage and severity of infection 35.67% and 29.67% sequentially, while the percentage and severity of infection in the melatonin spraying treatment after 25 days of germination reached 51.33% and 43.67% sequentially compared to the comparison treatment Contaminated with semi-pathogenic fungus Pythium aphanidermatum .
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AL-Shamary, Ali H. A. "Detection of Listeria monocytogenes in Soft-Cheese and Sweet Yogurt Produced Locally in Baghdad." Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Medicine 33, no. 2 (2009): 78–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.30539/iraqijvm.v33i2.694.
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In order to investigate the presence of Listeria monocytogenes in soft cheese and sweet yogurt producedlocally, this study was done by random collection of samples from different areas in Baghdad province and itssurrounding from different animals (Cows and Buffalos) as 55 total samples (47 soft –cheese samples and 8sweet-yogurt samples) from October 2007 till January 2008 and processed according to standard protocols ofListeria monocytogenes .The results showed isolation of 6 isolates from 55 samples(10.9%) as 5 isolates from 47 soft – cheese samples(10.638%) and 1 isolated from 8 sweet yogurt samples (12.5%),these revealed significant differences (P≤0.05) inisolation percentages between Cows and Buffalos .Samples of raw –dairy products from local Buffaloes recordedhighest isolation percentage of Listeria monocytogenes as 73.5%(23.5% represented 4 isolates from 17 soft –cheese samples and 50% represented 1 isolate from 2 yogurt samples) highest percentage of isolation of Listeriamonocytogenes from soft cheese samples occurred in January (2008) as 18.2% (2 isolates from 11samples)especially from Buffalos in Al-Taji region as 33.4% (1 isolate from 3 samples ) while ,highest isolationpercentage of Listeria monocytogenes from yogurt occurred in December (2007)as 50%,1 isolate from 2 samplesespecially from Buffaloes at Al-Fadhyllea region.We concluded from this study by contamination of soft –cheese and sweet-yoghurt samples produced locallyin Baghdad by Listeria monocytogenes .
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Stanton, Sharon, Stefanie Torrado, and Olivier Honnay. "Seed germination tests of the parasitic perennial Viscum album (Viscaceae) from fragmented habitats at the northern edge of its range." Plant Ecology and Evolution 143, no. (2) (2010): 113–18. https://doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.2010.413.
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<b>Background and aims</b> – Despite being a rather common species throughout Europe, little is known about the effects of habitat change on the fitness of <i>Viscum album</i>. We expected to find a reduction in fitness in <i>V. album</i> populations growing in fragmented habitats resulting from a loss of genetic diversity through increased inbreeding. <b>Methods</b> – We studied seed germination as a measure of fitness among sixteen Belgian <i>V. album</i> populations varying in size and degree of isolation to investigate the fitness consequences of habitat fragmentation. Populations were sampled from two landscapes differing in their degree of habitat fragmentation and <i>V. album</i> population characteristics. We also compared germination percentages of three populations at three different temperatures (5, 20, 30°C) to examine the potential effects of climate change on <i>V. album</i> regeneration in northern Europe. <b>Key results</b> – Germination percentages (at 20°C) were high (69–100%) and we found no evidence of relationships between germination and population size, density, or area. There was no direct relationship between germination percentage and population isolation within study regions, but connectivity among populations appears to be important. Samples from the more fragmented habitat showed a negative correlation between germination percentage and the proportion of females, suggesting reduced mate availability and pollination resulting from increased isolation of populations. There was no significant difference in mean germination percentages among the three temperature treatments, but the high temperature samples (30°C) exhibited the highest variation in germination success. <b>Conclusion</b> – Our results suggest that <i>V. album</i> has evolved high germination success to compensate for limited success in establishing on a host plant. Successful germination under a wide range of environmental conditions is expected to increase the likelihood of establishing on host plants, possibly helping <i>V. album</i> respond to changes in climate.
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Walli, Hazim A., and Wisam jasim Abed Ali. "Isolation and Identification of Aspergillus niger from eyes." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1029, no. 1 (2022): 012006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1029/1/012006.
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Abstract This study was carried out to detect the contamination of the eyes with the black fungus and its presence in the eyes, where swabs were taken with the number of 50 swabs from the eyes, of twenty-five healthy people aged 15-30, and twenty-five elderly people aged 50-70 with diabetes. The results showed significant differences in the rate of isolation between healthy people and people suffering from chronic diseases, the results showed that percentage of isolation from elderly was 62.7 %, while the percentage of isolation from healthy people was 37.3%, also three other species were isolated (A.flavus, A.ochracus, A. terreus) in the rate of (16.9, 10.2, 3.4)% respectively in elderly people, but other species were isolated (A.flavus, A.ochracus ) in the rate of (11.9, 6.8)% respectively in healthy people.
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Kozar, Elena V., Elena G. Kozar, and Elena A. Domblides. "Effect of the Method of Microspore Isolation on the Efficiency of Isolated Microspore Culture In Vitro for Brassicaceae Family." Horticulturae 8, no. 10 (2022): 864. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae8100864.
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Isolated microspore culture in vitro (IMC) is an advanced technique for producing doubled haploids. We developed a modified microspore isolation method for the Brassicaceae family, which exceeds the results obtained by a standard microspore isolation method. We found that the new method allows an increase in the percentage of microspores at the embryogenic stage of development in the culture. In the spring rapeseed ‘Ratnik’ culture the percentage of microspores increases from 66.7% to 73%, and in the European radish ‘RBK’ from 34% to 61.9%. Moreover, the new method of microspore isolation made it possible to expand the range of linear bud sizes (from 3.5–4.0 to 3.0–4.5 mm for spring rapeseed ‘Ratnik’) suitable for IMC technology. In addition, the new method of microspore isolation reduced the debris in the preparation of spring rapeseed ‘Ratnik’ and European radish ‘RBK’ by 2.4 and 15 times, respectively. The best results were shown on Sareptian mustard No. 72, where the yield of embryoids increased by 7.5 times. Remarkably, the new method of microspore isolation allowed us to obtain the first embryoids of red cabbage No. 428, whereas no embryoids were obtained using the standard method of microspore isolation. In summary, the new method of microspore isolation allows an increase in the efficiency of IMC technology for Brassicaceae family crops.
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Keward, Josephine, Pauline Bradshaw, and Jonathan A. Otter. "Reducing the number of missed isolation days in a paediatric high-dependency unit using semi-permanent pods." Journal of Infection Prevention 18, no. 2 (2017): 67–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1757177416687831.
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Background: Single rooms are in short supply in many hospitals. Aim: To evaluate the impact of introducing semi-permanent pods to convert multi-occupancy bays into single occupancy pods. Methods: We performed a 24-month pre–post observational study in a 15-bed paediatric high dependency unit. Three semi-permanent pods were installed in February 2013, in the middle of the 24-month period. The percentage of missed isolation days and the proportion of days for which >4 patients required isolation (which would exceed existing isolation facilities) were compared for the year prior to the pods with the first year of pod use using a Fisher’s exact tests. Results: Missed isolation days fell from 58.2% (662/1138; 95% confidence interval [CI], 55.3–61.0) pre-pod to 14.8% (205/1382; 95% CI, 13.0–16.8) during the first year of pod use ( P <0.001). The percentage of days for which >4 patients required isolation was 74.5% overall (95% CI, 70.5–78.8), and increased from 63% (95% CI, 56.2–69.4) pre-Pod to 86% (95% CI, 80.9–90.3) during pod use ( P <0.001). Discussion: The introduction of three semi-permanent pods was feasible in our paediatric HDU setting and reduced the number of missed isolation days, and hence transmission risk, for important hospital pathogens.
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Karagul, Mustafa Sencer, and Serkan Ikiz. "The Evaluation of Brucella Spp. Isolation Rates in Ruminant Abortion Cases by Using Different Selective Media." Macedonian Veterinary Review 41, no. 2 (2018): 177–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/macvetrev-2018-0024.
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Abstract The aim of this study is to evaluate the success of Brucella spp. isolation in ruminant abortion cases by using different selective media. To this end, 58 samples from ruminant abortion cases were utilized. 4 selective media; namely, Farrell Medium (FM), CITA Medium (CM), Modified Thayer Martin (MTM) and Jones & Morgan (JM) were preferred for isolation. In addition to these, one medium with antibiotics was used to extend the range of the results. Suspensions prepared from organ and fetal stomach contents were inoculated to media plates and incubated at 37C° for 5-8 days in 5-10% CO2 condition. Conventional biotyping method was used to identify Brucella isolates within the level of species and biovar. MTM (67.2%) and Farrell (65.5%) outperformed the other media with regards to isolation rate. However, regarding the inhibition ability against contaminant microrganisms, Farrell (86.2%) and CITA (72%) have the highest and second highest percentages respectively. The media’s inhibition ability was examined in the samples in which Brucella spp. isolation occurred to be able to investigate the correlations between isolation and inhibition. Lower isolation percentage was observed in the samples in which the media displayed the lowest inhibition ability against contaminants. In this context, using two different selective media with high inhibition ability against contaminants may be recommended to enhance the isolation rate. Moreover, the components stimulating the growth of Brucella strains might be added to the media to obtain better results.
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Noboa-Velástegui, Jacqueline, Juan Carlos León, Jorge Castro, et al. "Comparison of Methods for Isolating Exosomes from Plasma Subjects with Normal and High Fat Percentages." Life 15, no. 3 (2025): 410. https://doi.org/10.3390/life15030410.
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Adipose tissue is responsible for fat storage and is an important producer of extracellular vesicles (EVs). The biological content of exosomes, one kind of EV, provides information on aspects such as immunometabolic alterations. This study aimed to compare three plasma exosome isolation methods—using a commercial kit (CK), size exclusion chromatography (SEC), and differential centrifugation (DC)—and select the best one. Individuals categorized by normal and high body fat percentages were used. The DC and CK were proven to be the most advantageous out of the exosome isolation methods, so we suggest these methods for further protein and molecular analyses, respectively. Still, we emphasize the importance of selecting an appropriate methodology depending on the specific research objectives. At the same time, no statistical differences in exosome quality, morphology, total protein, or microRNA concentration were observed between individuals categorized by body fat percentage, so we suggest that the exosomal cargo varies in individuals with normal and high fat percentages.
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WEDAGAMA, NGAKAN MADE ADI, I. MADE SUKEWIJAYA, NI LUH KARTINI, and I. NYOMAN RAI. "Isolasi dan Identifikasi Endomikoriza pada Perakaran Tanaman Jagung (Zea mays L.) Dataran Sedang serta Perbanyakannya pada Tingkat Kadar Air Tanah Berbeda." Agrotrop : Journal on Agriculture Science 9, no. 2 (2019): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/ajoas.2019.v09.i02.p03.
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Isolation and Identification of Endomycorrhizal on Corn Root (Zea mays L.) at Medium Plain and its Propagation at Different Soil Water Level. Endomycorrhizal has several benefits that can increase the absorption of water and nutrients, protect plants from root pathogens and toxic elements, play a role in the improvement of soil structure, and increase the solubility of nutrients. The purpose of this research is to find out the types endomycorrhizal contained in the corn roots at medium plains in Gianyar Regency, and the influence of different soil water level to endomycorrhizal ability to reproduce spores. This research was conducted from September 2017 to February 2018. The method of the research includes exploration, isolation, identification, propagation of spores endomycorrhizal, and soil samples analysis. Isolation and identification result found 2 genus of spores endomycorrhizal that was Glomus and Acaulospora, with various spore amount and the level of infection endomycorrhizal was very high with percentage of 83.33-86.67%. Spores propagation test results showed that the highest percentage enhacement of spores endomycorrhizal amount was found in the third soil sampling location in soil water level of 40% field capacity treatment with percentage of 551.85%. The level of endomycorrhizal infections at the roots of all treatment of soil sampling location and soil water level were very high with percentage of 100%.
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Karim, Furat Latif, Muneef Saab Ahmed, and Mazen Anwar Al-Obeidi. "Isolation and Identification of Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria from Infertility Patients in Tikrit City." South Asian Research Journal of Biology and Applied Biosciences 5, no. 02 (2023): 22–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.36346/sarjbab.2023.v05i02.002.
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The objectives of the current study were conducting a statistical study to find out the number of men with primary and secondary infertility, immune infertility, and unexplained infertility in the city of Tikrit. Isolation and identification of Gram-positive and Gram-negative aerobic bacteria, and the study of some patterns of sensitivity to antibiotics of the isolated bacteria. The results showed that the percentage of primary infertility was the highest among infertility diseases, as the percentage reached 57%, while the lowest percentage was for immunological infertility, as it amounted to 7%. While the percentage of secondary and unexplained infertility was 15% and 31%, respectively. About the bacteriological study, the results showed two types of isolates, single bacterial isolates (52%), mixed bacterial isolates (38%). Percentages of isolates from E. coli and Klebsiella spp. and Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. were 100%, 12%, 18%, and 10%, respectively. E. coli showed total (100%) resistance to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and ampicillin. 50% resistance to Nalidixic. Otherwise, Escherichia coli showed resistance of 40%, 20%, 60%, 20% and 50% to Imipenem, Amikacin, Gentamicin, Azithromycin and Cefepime respectively. Klebsiella showed total (100%) resistance to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and ampicillin. 40% resistance to Nalidixic. Otherwise, Klebsiella spp. showed resistance of 20%, 10%, 10%, 40% and 20% to imipenem, amikacin, gentamicin, azithromycin and cefepime respectively. Staphylococcus aureus showed complete resistance to penicillin, oxacillin and cefoxitin. 10%, 0%, 30%, 30%, 0%, 90% and 50% are resistant to gentamicin, nitrofurantoin, erythromycin, azithromycin, rifampicin, trimethoprim and ciprofloxacin respectively. Streptococcus spp. completely resistant to penicillin, oxacillin and cefoxitin. 30%, 0%, 20%, 10%, 0%, 70% and 30% are resistant to gentamicin, nitrofurantoin, erythromycin, azithromycin, rifampicin, trimethoprim and ciprofloxacin respectively.
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Steinbauer, Manuel J., Severin D. H. Irl, Juana María González‐Mancebo, et al. "Plant invasion and speciation along elevational gradients on the oceanic island La Palma, Canary Islands." Ecology and Evolution 7, no. 2 (2017): 771–79. https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.2640.
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Ecosystems that provide environmental opportunities but are poor in species and functional richness generally support speciation as well as invasion processes. These processes are expected not to be equally effective along elevational gradients due to specific ecological, spatial, and anthropogenic filters, thus controlling the dispersal and establishment of species. Here, we investigate speciation and invasion processes along elevational gradients. We assess the vascular plant species richness as well as the number and percentage of endemic species and non‐native species systematically along three elevational gradients covering large parts of the climatic range of La Palma, Canary Islands. Species richness was negatively correlated with elevation, while the percentage of Canary endemic species showed a positive relationship. However, the percentage of Canary–Madeira endemics did not show a relationship with elevation. Non‐native species richness (indicating invasion) peaked at 500 m elevation and showed a consistent decline until about 1,200 m elevation. Above that limit, no non‐native species were present in the studied elevational gradients. Ecological, anthropogenic, and spatial filters control richness, diversification, and invasion with elevation. With increase in elevation, richness decreases due to species–area relationships. Ecological limitations of native ruderal species related to anthropogenic pressure are in line with the absence of non‐native species from high elevations indicating directional ecological filtering. Increase in ecological isolation with elevation drives diversification and thus increased percentages of Canary endemics. The best preserved eastern transect, including mature laurel forests, is an exception. The high percentage of Canary–Madeira endemics indicates the cloud forest's environmental uniqueness—and thus ecological isolation—beyond the Macaronesian islands.
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Khalida, Tasneem, and Khatioda Rajiv. "ISOLATION OF NATURAL DYE FROM CODIAEUM VARIEGATUM." International Journal of Education &Applied Sciences Research 3, no. 2 (2016): 28–32. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10692439.
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<strong>Abstract </strong> The powdered dried leaves of Codiaeum Variegatum “ garden croton” or Variegated croton” refluxed with alcohol for 12 hours. Natural dye obtained was then applied on wool using different mordants gave beautiful parrot green, light green, light brown and dark brown shades. Codiaeum Variegatum is a species of plant in the genus Codiaeum, which is a member Of the family Euphorbiaceae. It is native to southern India, Sri Lanka, Indonesia, Malaysia and the Western Pacific Ocean islands, growing in open forests and scrub. It is an evergreen shrub growing to 3m tall and has large, thick, leathery , shiny evergreen leaves, alternately arranged, 30 cm long and 0.5-8 cm broad. Preparation of Natural Dye and its application on wool with different mordants :- The macerated leaves of Codiaeum Variegatum was refluxed with alcohol for 12 hours ,filtered and the solvent was evaporated in rotator apparatus under reduced pressure, the solid residue obtained as natural dye was treated with wool with 10% and 20% of mordants copper sulphate, Ferrous sulphate and potassium dichromate. Boiling wool with natural dye and mordant for one hour. Washing of dyed wool with water and than drying in shade at room temperature. In all cases same timing and same procedure was applied. Mordanting helps the dye bind to the fibre. Different mordants allow different colour ranges for each dyestuff. The amount of mordant used was a percentage of the weight of fibre.It was important to note the different in shades when the wool was first mordanting then dyeing, than the colour of wool first dyeing then mordanting.Also the shades changes with the increase in the percentage of modants taking the percentage of dye same. There was also change in shades when first dyeing and than mordanting. Key words: Codiaeum Variegatum, dye,
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Azhaar, H. Handi, Hanash Al-Zuhairi Ahmed, and A. Humadi* Anas. "ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF TRICHOPHYTON VERRUCOSUM IN CATTLE OF DIYALA GOVERNMENT." World Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Research 3, no. 1 (2024): 92–98. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10940190.
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Skin fungi are widespread in cows and cause health problems for humans and pose an economic and public health risk. The aim of this study is to isolate and diagnose the fungal causes that cause ringworm in cows. They were studied using direct screening methods, culturing the samples on SDA and characterizing them, and PCR technology. One hundred samples were collected from cows (male and female, with age ranged between less than year to four years) in Diyala Governorate. The study was from the October of 2022 to the July of 2023, and the results showed 14% infected cow by different dermatophytes causes included a high percentage of the causative factor for infection with the fungus T. verrucosum percentage7(50%). The result was Dermatophytes accession species number (OR362821.1).
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Rho, Hojung, Kangmin Chon, Jongkwan Park, and Jaeweon Cho. "Rapid and Effective Isolation of Dissolved Organic Matter Using Solid-Phase Extraction Cartridges Packed with Amberlite XAD 8/4 Resins." Water 11, no. 1 (2019): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11010067.
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Using the conventional XAD 8/4 method with general columns to isolate dissolved organic matter (DOM) is extremely time-consuming and labor-intensive. This study presents a rapid and effective method using solid-phase extraction (SPE) cartridges packed with XAD 8/4 resins for isolating various DOMs. The relative fraction (percentage hydrophobic, transphilic, and hydrophilic) of the various DOMs processed by both methods showed similar values. Moreover, changes in the molecular weight distribution of effluent from XAD 8/4 resins processed by both methods showed the same ultraviolet (UV) and fluorescence absorbance pattern s. The biopolymer compositions of eluates from XAD 8/4 resins also showed no significant difference between the two methods. However, higher carbon recovery of the isolation method using SPE cartridges was found (with columns: 88.9%; with SPE: 95.9%). In addition, the proposed method using SPE cartridges packed with XAD 8/4 resins is much faster than that using general columns (with columns: 1468 min; with SPE: 485 min). The proposed isolation method is highly efficient and accurate; it is an excellent candidate method for isolating various DOMs.
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Tomer, Sanjiv O., and Hemant P. Soni. "Enzymatic monoesterification of symmetric diols: restriction of molecular conformations influences selectivity." Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry 15, no. 42 (2017): 8990–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ob01951c.
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Nwaru, Ezeibe Chidi, Tobechukwu Eke, Nkechi P. Onyeabor Chinedum, and Matthew Ahaiwe. "Comparative study on identification and pathogenicity of fungal pathogens associated with post-harvest rot of tomatoes (solanum lycopersicum l.) in Umuahia and Okigwe." International Journal of Agriculture Environment and Food Sciences 9, no. 1 (2025): 199–209. https://doi.org/10.31015/2025.1.22.
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Tomato fruits sold in the market and at home present symptoms during storage, but the disease causal agents must be better documented. This study aimed to identify the fungal pathogens associated with tomato rot bought in markets at Umuahia and Okigwe and to evaluate its pathogenicity and disease prevalence. A total of 24 and 16 fungal isolates were recorded, respectively, and were microscopically identified and morphologically to specific fungal isolates. The identified isolates were Alternaria solani, Althelia rolfsii, Colletotrichium phlomoides, Phytophthora nicotinae, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, and Sclerotium rolfsii. The percentage frequency of isolation of samples from Umuahia ranged from 6.3% - 31%, respectively. Alternaria solani had the highest frequency of 31%, with the lowest percentage of 6.3% recorded in Sclerotium rolfsii from samples obtained from Umuahia. The same trend was also recorded on isolated samples from okigwe with a percentage frequency of isolation of 29% for Alternaria solani and 8.3% for Sclerotium rolfsii. The high percentage frequency of isolation of Alternaria solani indicates a high chance of these tomato fruits being contaminated with mycotoxins since Alternaria solani is a significant mycotoxigenic fungal genus with notable toxicity. The prevalence of disease incidence (PDI) was conducted to ascertain which locations had the highest rate of fungal rot, and there was a higher PDI of 50% in Umuahia against 33% recorded in Okigwe. The highest disease prevalence recorded in Umuahia could result from poor sanitation, poor storage, overcrowding, and unhygienic practices by fruit handlers in this location.
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Guilherme, Flávio Ricardo, Matheus Amarante do Nascimento, Rodrigo Garcia Fiorillo, et al. "PERCEPTIVE CHANGES IN ENDURANCE ATHLETES DURING SOCIAL ISOLATION DUE TO COVID-19." Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte 26, no. 6 (2020): 473–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1517-8692202026062020_0072.
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ABSTRACT Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to social isolation measures in different contexts. In endurance sports, competitions worldwide have been canceled, affecting behavioral, psychological, and physical aspects. Objective: This study aimed to assess potential associations between stress, motivation, behavioral changes, and physical fitness in endurance athletes, and time in social isolation. Methods: A cross-sectional study with the participation of 201 athletes, including mountain bikers (n = 89), runners (n = 88) and triathletes (n = 24). Each participant answered questions about time spent in isolation; body weight; changes in training schedule during the isolation period; levels of motivation; stress levels; loss of physical fitness; what aspect of physical fitness was most jeopardized during the isolation period; alcohol consumption; quality of sleep; quality of diet; and whether they had been ill during the isolation period. Results: The results showed significant differences between the percentage of runners (4.5%) and triathletes (16.7%) who had been isolated from 1-10 days, and between the percentage of cyclists (41.6%) and runners (68.2%) in 11-20 days and >20 days (28.1% and 9.1%) respectively. Social isolation was significantly associated with at least one variable for the three groups of athletes; however, the runners were the most affected by the pandemic, presenting an association with low motivation, high stress, poorer quality of sleep, increased alcohol consumption, and loss of physical fitness. Conclusion: Our study showed that the period of social isolation, specifically over time > 10 days, generated significant changes in the perceptions of motivation, stress, alcohol consumption, and physical fitness of endurance athletes, with runners being the most affected group. Level of Evidence III; Diagnostic studies - Investigation of a diagnostic test; Study of non-consecutive patients, without a “gold standard” applied uniformly.
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Wong, Joel-Ching-Jue, Siew-Ling Hii, and Chen-Chung Koh. "Isolation of Prebiotics from Artocarpus integer’s Seed." International Journal of Food Science 2021 (July 20, 2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9940078.
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There has been a high amount of attention given to prebiotics due to their significant physiological function and health benefits. Prebiotics contain nondigestible compounds that allow specific changes, both in the growth and in the activity of bacteria in the host gastrointestinal tract, that provide benefits upon the host by promoting a healthy digestive system and preventing disease. This study aims at investigating the potential prebiotic activity of bioactive compounds extracted from the seeds of an underutilized indigenous plant Artocarpus integer (A. integer). The optimum microwave-assisted extraction conditions were a microwave power of 1500 W, extraction time of 180 s, and solvent-to-sample ratio of 1000 : 1. The maximum amount of the total carbohydrate content extracted from A. integer was 787 mg/L. The percentage hydrolysis levels of A. integer extract in gastric juice at pH 1, 2, 3, and 4 were 6.14%, 7.12%, 8.98%, and 10.23%, respectively. For enzymatic digestion, the percentage of hydrolysis was 0.16% at pH 7. A. integer extract was found to support the growth of probiotics such as L. acidophilus and L. casei. After 72 hours of incubation, L. acidophilus achieved 6.96 log 10 CFU, whereas L. casei reached 8.33 log 10 CFU. The study makes an important contribution to the development of the use of Sarawakian underutilized plants and to the identification of new sources of prebiotic materials to be used in food.
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Yaqoob Rahi, Alaa, and Z. Abdul Alamir Mezher. "Identification and isolation of E. coli Bacteria from RO Water in the Center of Karbala and its Surrounding Areas." International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 14, no. 3 (2025): 112–17. https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2025.1403.015.
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The aim of this research was to find out if the water (Ro) in the majority of Iraqi houses contains E. coli bacteria because of the prevalence of diarrhea and other illnesses among the populace. The goal was accomplished by. The study samples were collected from R. O water filling stations in Karbala, including 40 samples from Karbala Center, 20 samples from Tuwairij District, 20 samples from Al-Hussainiya District, and 20 samples from Ain Al-Tamr District for the purpose of investigating the E. coli bacteria contaminating these waters, where microscopic and cultural examinations and biochemical tests were used. The results of these tests showed that 3 samples of R.O water out of 100 samples, with an isolation rate of 4.5%, gave positive results through their growth on selective and differential media and their fermentation of lactose sugar. On the other hand, the research results showed that the highest percentage of bacteria isolation was from R.O water filling stations in Ain Al-Tamr district with a percentage of 2.5) 2.2%) and the lowest percentage was from R.O water filling stations in Al-Hussainiya district with an isolation percentage of 1.7) 1.5%), while R.O water filling stations in the center of the governorate of Karbala and Twerij district did not record the least contamination with coliform bacteria (0.5 %). Through the research, the results showed that R. O water in some areas is contaminated with E. coli bacteria, which may be the source of human waste, which indicates the inefficiency of these stations.
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Alaa, Yaqoob Rahi, and Abdul Alamir Mezher Z. "Identification and Isolation of E. Coli Bacteria from Ro Water in the Center of Karbala and its Surrounding Areas." International Journal of Medical Science and Clinical Research Studies 05, no. 02 (2025): 354–58. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14910279.
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The aim of this research was to find out if the water (Ro) in the majority of Iraqi houses contains E. coli bacteria because of the prevalence of diarrhea and other illnesses among the populace. The goal was accomplished by. The study samples were collected from R. O water filling stations in Karbala, including 40 samples from Karbala Center, 20 samples from Tuwairij District, 20 samples from Al-Hussainiya District, and 20 samples from Ain Al-Tamr District for the purpose of investigating the E. coli bacteria contaminating these waters, where microscopic and cultural examinations and biochemical tests were used. The results of these tests showed that 3 samples of R.O water out of 100 samples, with an isolation rate of 4.5%, gave positive results through their growth on selective and differential media and their fermentation of lactose sugar. On the other hand, the research results showed that the highest percentage of bacteria isolation was from R.O water filling stations in Ain Al-Tamr district with a percentage of 2.5) 2.2%) and the lowest percentage was from R.O water filling stations in Al-Hussainiya district with an isolation percentage of 1.7) 1.5%), while R.O water filling stations in the center of the governorate of Karbala and Twerij district did not record the least contamination with coliform bacteria (0.5 %). Through the research, the results showed that R. O water in some areas is contaminated with E. coli bacteria, which may be the source of human waste, which indicates the inefficiency of these stations.
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Hartman, Ashley R., Macie C. Weigand, Steven L. Terlouw, et al. "243 Effects of body weight change in pre-production Duroc boars on semen collection training, semen production parameters, and longevity in a commercial boar stud." Journal of Animal Science 102, Supplement_2 (2024): 194–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skae102.217.
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Abstract Our objective was to assess the effects of percentage body weight (BW) change in developing Duroc boars on semen collection training, semen production parameters, and longevity in a commercial boar stud. Retrospectively, 164 boars were divided into one of three groups based on their percentage BW change from arrival to the boar stud until the end of the 42-d isolation period. The one-third of boars that had the greatest percentage of BW change during the isolation period gained 36.1% to 10.1% (TOP). The middle one-third of boars that were intermediate in percentage BW change during isolation gained 9.7% to 2.6% (MIDDLE). The final group consisted of one-third of boars that either minimally gained or lost BW (2.5% to -9.5% change in BW; BOTTOM). During the isolation period boars in the TOP group lost the least amount of backfat (indicated by ultrasound or caliper score; P &lt; 0.05), while boars in the BOTTOM group lost the most backfat. Average boar age at the time of successfully becoming a working boar (successfully mounting the collection dummy and producing an ejaculate with a motility ≥ 70% and percent normal morphology ≥ 65%) and the proportion of boars that were successful at become working boars did not differ between groups (P &gt; 0.05). Among working boars, the concentration of sperm in ejaculates tended to differ (P = 0.0740) between groups (Table). Boars in the TOP group had a greater percentage of sperm with normal morphology (P = 0.0337) than boars in the BOTTOM group. There was a group by production week interaction (P &lt; 0.0001) for semen ejaculate volume, total number of sperm, and total number of sperm with normal morphology. Boars in the TOP and MIDDLE groups produced more total sperm and normal sperm than the BOTTOM group from wk 8 to 20 of being working boars, resulting in production of considerably more doses for artificial insemination. During their time as working boars, removal from the stud by cull or death was not different between groups (P &gt;0.05). There was also no difference (P &gt; 0.05) between groups on the average week of removal from the stud, with each group having boars most frequently removed at wk 22 of production. While percentage BW change during isolation did not affect semen collection training and longevity in the stud, the increase in production of total normal sperm in the TOP and MIDDLE groups compared with the BOTTOM group could have substantial economic benefits for boar stud. Our study suggests that managing boars individually to ensure they stay in a positive metabolic state is ideal for optimal semen production at a boar stud.
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Truong, Bao, Adam L. Green, Paola Friedrich-Medina, et al. "Impact of socioeconomic status on extent of disease at diagnosis and cancer and ocular outcomes in retinoblastoma: A population-based analysis." Journal of Clinical Oncology 31, no. 15_suppl (2013): 10011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2013.31.15_suppl.10011.
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10011 Background: The strong correlation between early diagnosis and improved outcomes has been consistently reported for retinoblastoma; extent of disease and eye preservation are associated with delayed diagnosis. In this study, we aimed to analyze the impact of socioeconomic status (SES) and ethnicity on extent on disease and cancer and ocular outcomes. Methods: All retinoblastoma cases (0-9 years) recorded in 18 SEER registries between 2000-2009 were included. The county-based disparity variables analyzed included poverty level, education attainment, language isolation, crowding, and percentage of immigrants. The cut-off values were defined as the median values for the cohort of patients. We also analyzed the impact of gender, race, and ethnicity. We tested for the association between SES and ethnicity with the percentage of extraocular disease and enucleation. Relative survival was calculated using Ederer II method; estimates were compared using Z-score. Results: We identified 753 cases. Percentage of extraocular cases was consistently higher in US counties with low SES indicators: higher vs. lower poverty status (29.3% vs. 22.1%, p=0.028); lower vs. higher education attainment (30.6% vs. 22.7%, p=0.003); higher vs. lower crowding (33.2% vs. 18.1%, p<0.001); higher vs. lower language isolation (32.2% vs. 19.3%, p<0.001); higher vs. lower percentage of immigrants (30.1% vs. 21.4%, p=0.008). Hispanic patients had significantly higher percentage of extraocular disease (35.2% vs. 20.9%, p<0.001). Poor ocular outcomes, reflected by high percentage of enucleation, were associated with counties with low education attainment (p=0.025), and with Hispanic origin (p=0.019). Decreased survival was associated with language isolation (p=0.016), but not with Hispanic origin or other SES indicators. Conclusions: Our study highlights significant disparities in the care and outcome of children with retinoblastoma. A low SES negatively impacts extent of disease, presumably by limiting access to primary care and delaying diagnosis. Hispanic patients have more advanced disease and higher enucleation rates, although survival is not significantly different.
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Kemala, J., T. Selamat, R. Rusnardi, and H. Rumilla. "Percentage of reducing heat of coco fiber material as a potential isolation of building walls." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1811, no. 1 (2021): 012030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1811/1/012030.
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Xiong, Wei, Ming Ren Yan, and Yao Zhuang Li. "Geotechnical Seismic Isolation System - Further Experimental Study." Applied Mechanics and Materials 580-583 (July 2014): 1490–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.580-583.1490.
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The isolation effectiveness of the Geotechnical Seismic Isolation (GSI) system was further investigated via a series of prescribed shaking-table tests. The dynamic response of GSI system was also evaluated in detail of this work. A parametric study for assessment of the isolation performance of GSI was conducted by varying experimental key parameters, such as rubber percentage of rubber-sand mixtures (RSM), configuration of the foundation, storey number of the superstructure, and different kinds of seismic acceleration inputs. From the parametric survey, it can be concluded that the GSI system can to some extent attenuate the dynamic response of the superstructure under big earthquake shakings.
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Madika, A., Ameh, J.B., and Machido, D.A. "Isolation and Screening of Bacillus subtilis from Soil for Amylase Production." UMYU Journal of Microbiology Research (UJMR) 2, no. 2 (2017): 82–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.47430/ujmr.1722.012.
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This study was aimed at isolating Bacillus subtilis from soil and screening the isolates for amylase production. A total of fifteen (15) soil samples, five each from botanical garden, refuse dump sites and flower beds were collected and subjected to cultural isolation followed by biochemical and microgen identification. The isolates of B. subtilis were then screened for amylase production using starch agar plate method. Nine (9) isolates were confirmed to be Bacillus subtilis with percentage occurrence of 80% from refuse dump sites and botanical garden and 20% from flower bed. All the B. subtilis isolates demonstrated amylase production ability with isolate RD4 from refuse dump sites having the highest diameter of zone of starch hydrolysis (29mm). Bacillus subtilis can readily be isolated from various soil types with frequency of 80% in soils from garden and refuse dumps and 20% from flower bed. All the B. subtilis isolates demonstrated the potential for amylase production. This preliminary study could provide information on the isolation of B. subtilis from various soil types for the production of amylase.
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Xiong, Wei, Hing Ho Tsang, S. H. Lo, Shou Ping Shang, Hai Dong Wang, and Fang Yuan Zhou. "Geotechnical Seismic Isolation System - Experimental Study." Advanced Materials Research 163-167 (December 2010): 4449–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.163-167.4449.
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In this study, an experimental investigation program on a newly proposed seismic isolation technique, namely “Geotechnical Seismic Isolation (GSI) system”, is conducted with an aim of simulating its dynamic performance during earthquakes. The testing procedure is three-fold: (1) A series of cyclic simple shear tests is conducted on the key constituent material of the proposed GSI system, i.e., rubber-sand mixture (RSM) in order to understand its behavior under cyclic loadings. (2) The GSI system is then subjected to a series of shaking table tests with different levels of input ground shakings. (3) By varying the controlling parameters such as percentage of rubber in RSM, thickness of RSM layer, coupled with the weight of superstructure, a comprehensive parametric study is performed. This experimental survey demonstrates the excellent performance of the GSI system for potential seismic hazard mitigation.
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Sultan, Noor Mahmood, Abeer Abbas Ali, and Hayder Jaleel Mardan. "Isolation and Identification of the Types of Bacteria that Cause Irritable Bowel Syndrome." Medical Journal of Babylon 22, no. 1 (2025): 17–22. https://doi.org/10.4103/mjbl.mjbl_185_22.
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Abstract Background: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a chronic functional gastrointestinal (GI) disorder with an estimated prevalence of 10% around the globe. Human body possesses about 39 trillion of microbial cells, the majority of which inhabit the GI tract. The recent realization is that small intestinal bacterial overgrowth may be associated with symptoms of IBS. Aim: The current work aimed at the isolation and identification of different bacteria strains from IBS patients. Materials and Methods: One hundred and thirty patients of different sex and ages were diagnosed with IBS (which was previously diagnosed by a specialist doctor) in the time period from November 2021 to May 2022. Results: The current results showed that there is a correlation between the number and percentage of isolates for each type of bacteria with a group of study factors, where in terms of sex, females were more. Concerning the age group, the most common age group was 36–55 years. On the other hand, the percentage of uneducated people was higher in the current study. It also showed the other factor, which is the possession of domestic animals; the majority of the study population was not owning animals. Regarding the prevalent weight, the body mass index (BMI) of 24–29.9 is the highest. The percentage of nonsmokers was also the highest, and the highest percentage of isolates was for Escherichia coli in all. Conclusions: This study proved that E. coli is the most common type of bacteria that has an effect on IBS patients and that Helicobacter pylori has the least effect.
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Baz, Lina, Mona Al-thepyani, Salha Algarni, and Hana Gashlan. "Isolation of Peroxisomes from Frozen Liver of Rat by Differential and Iodixanol Gradient Centrifugation." Separations 10, no. 5 (2023): 306. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/separations10050306.
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In the last decade, research has shown that most diseases are associated with organelle dysfunction in which metabolites play a crucial role or indicate specific processes. Peroxisomes are cellular organelles attracting an increasing amount of attention and are now recognized as essential players in physiological conditions and diseases. However, a limited amount of research focuses on isolating the organelles and studying their properties and the diseases resulting from organelle dysfunction. All methods for isolating peroxisomes are based on fresh tissue samples. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work in which peroxisomes have been isolated from frozen rat liver. In our work, we isolated peroxisomes from frozen rat liver at −80 °C and evaluated the separation success and degree of purification of isolated peroxisomes by measuring the relative specific activity, purification fold, and percentage yield (Y%) of organelle marker enzymes in the isolated fractions. The percentage of protein distribution and density was also estimated. Our results showed that the purified peroxisome fraction (F3-peroxisome) had significantly higher relative specific activity, as well as the highest purification fold and percentage yield of catalase compared with the enzyme markers of other organelles in the postnuclear supernatant (PNS), postmitochondrial supernatant (PMS), and light mitochondria–peroxisome (LM-P) fractions. In addition, the percentage of protein distribution was significantly lower in the F3-peroxisome fraction compared with PNS, PMS, and LM-P fractions while the percentage of protein distribution and density of the F3-peroxisome fraction after iodixanol centrifugation were significantly higher than those of the F1 and F2 fractions. The present work demonstrates the possibility of isolating peroxisomes from frozen liver samples efficiently, which could pave the way for further research in the future on other subcellular organelles from frozen samples.
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Sinigaglia, Milena, Rosalba Lanciotti, and Maria Elisabetta Guerzonil. "Biochemical and physiological characteristics of Yarrowia lipolytica strains in relation to isolation source." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 40, no. 1 (1994): 54–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m94-008.
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The physiological characteristics and fatty acid composition of 40 strains of Yarrowia lipolytica isolated from irradiated poultry meat, commercial chilled foods, the superficial water of lagoons of an Italian river delta, and commercial light butter were compared. Discriminant analysis of the results permitted the 40 strains to be classified into four groups according to their isolation source. The lag phase length at 3, 5, and 7 °C, the proteolytic and lipolytic activities, and the growth on sorbitol, gluconate, and N-acetylglucosamine, as well as the relative percentages of C12:0, C15:0, C17:1, C18:1, C18:2, the unsaturation level, and the percentage of total odd chain fatty acids were the characteristics exhibiting the highest discriminatory power. These results indicate that the isolates are well adapted and significant biochemical characteristics may account for the success of individual strains in their original habitat.Key words: Yarrowia lipolytica, fatty acid composition, discriminant analysis.
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Bills, Gerald F., and Jon D. Polishook. "Microfungi from Carpinus caroliniana." Canadian Journal of Botany 69, no. 7 (1991): 1477–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b91-191.
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The microfungal flora and community structure of the bark of Carpinus caroliniana is described as perceived by a direct isolation method. Twenty-four bark discs were removed from 10 trees at five different sites in New Jersey and West Virginia and applied to three different isolation media. From 1200 bark discs from 50 trees, 155 species of fungi were isolated. The overall recovery rate was 11.5 species/tree. A medium with cycloheximide gave the highest species recovery rates and isolated the highest percentage of all the species recovered. A medium of malt–yeast extract gave the most isolates but lowest species recovery rate. Eleven of the 12 dominant species were preferentially isolated on one of the three isolation media. The community structure of the fungi recovered from Carpinus bark exhibited the typical dominance–diversity curve that has been reported for other saprobic fungal communities. Generally, the floristic composition was similar to the bark of other tree species previously studied in temperate deciduous forests. The total number of isolates was dominated by a few species of ubiquitous epiphytic taxa, but a large percentage of the species recovered appeared either at a single site or on a single tree. Sterile isolates accounted for 39% of the species and Coelomycetes for 13% of the species. The sites from West Virginia had a significantly higher recovery rate of species per tree than the New Jersey sites. In a search for fungi for potential biotechnological applications, bark is an easily utilized and rich resource. Simple isolation methods yield several ecological groups of fungi, including terrestrial epiphytes, soil decomposers, endophytes, entomopathogenic fungi, Ingoldian Hyphomycetes, and decomposer Basidomycetes. Key words: bark, ironwood, isolation methods, microbial diversity.
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Husdfdfsein, Alaa Abdul Aziz, and Jameela Radhee AL-Shweely. "Bacteriological study to measure the degree of bacterial contamination and its impact on the proportion of hatching for a number of local hatcheries in Baghdad." Kufa Journal For Veterinary Medical Sciences 1, no. 1 (2010): 18–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.36326/kjvs/2010/v1i14228.
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Samples were collected from three hatcheries in the city of Baghdad was chosen at random, for period 3\2005-9\2005,and included samples of the egg shells and paper pads and swabs from the transport vehicles and cloacal swabs from newly chicks for each of the three hatcheries the results were isolation the following bacteria :Salmonella spp ,E.coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Strept.spp., Enterobacter cloacae and Citrobacter freundii. These isolates showed a variation in the proportion of total isolation between the three hatcheries, as well as variation in the proportion of each type. The hatchery no.(3) was the first in terms of the proportion of total isolation(14,91%),while hatchery no.2 came the second place and then hatchery no.1 at third at the rates of isolation equal to (13,9%),(11,27%) respectively. Rates of total hatchability shows that hatchery No. (2) record the highest percentage of total hatchability by 91%, followed by hatchery No. (1), by 87%, then the hatchery No. (3) by 78%, but from the view of hatch of fertile,(which is more accurate for evaluation) the hatchery No.1 was at higher percentage of (80%) , followed by hatchery No.(2)with percent equal to 76% and hatchery No. (1) with percent equal to 68%, the reason for the differences of these ratios in the three hatcheries may be attributed to different proportion of bacterial contamination and its impact on these hatcheries.
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Padmini, K., and L. B. Naik. "Studies on the Extent of Genetic Contamination in Seed Production of Ridge Gourd (Luffa acutangula Roxb.)." Journal of Horticultural Sciences 1, no. 1 (2006): 55–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.24154/jhs.v1i1.675.
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Studies were conducted during 2002-2005 (Rabi season) to evaluate the extent of genetic contamination in round fruited ridge gourd (recessive) vehen grown for seed production under open field conditions. The round fruited ridge gourd was sown at 200 m, 400 m, 600 m and 800 m distance from Arlia Sumeet (long fruited) which acted as the local marker (dominant). The highest percentage of genetic contamination was recorded at a distance of 200 m from the contaminator (Arka Sumeet) (28.62% and 88.1%, respectively, in the years 2003 and 2005). It was also observed that there was a gradual reduction in contamination level with increasing distance from 28.62 to 17.44% at 600 m distance in 2003 and 88.11% at 800 m to 74.23% in 2005. The lowest percentage of contamination was recorded at the highest isolation distance (at 600 m, 17.44% in 2003 and at 800 m, 74.24% in 2005), although it is not within the prescribed maximum permissible limit of genetic contamination (1 and 2% for foundation and certified seed respectively). In the present study, in all the isolation distances studied, the level of contamination is well above the permissible minimum seed certification standards (99 and 98 % genetic purity for Foundation and Certified seed respectively). Hence, any reduction in the isolation distance from the prescribed (800 m) isolation would drastically affect the genetic purity of ridge gourd for seed production under open field conditions.
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Juzwik, J., C. Honhart, and N. Chong. "Cylindrocladium root rot in Ontario bare-root nurseries: estimate of spruce seedling losses." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 18, no. 11 (1988): 1493–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x88-230.
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Estimates of cylindrocladium root rot losses in three black and three white spruce compartments at five Ontario bare-root nurseries were determined through visual field assessment and seedling isolation. The causal fungus, Cylindrocladiumfloridanum Sob. & C.P. Seym., was isolated from 10–77% of the symptomatic and 0–28% of the apparently healthy seedlings in each compartment. In five compartments, estimates of mean incidence based on seedling isolations and visual assessment, were higher than those based on visual assessment alone. The percentage of living spruce (apparently healthy or symptomatic) estimated to be infected in each compartment was 0.1–32.7%. No fungus isolations were attempted from dead seedlings. Mortality in the plots in the six compartments was 0.02–17.7%. The correlation between the level of Cylindrocladium incidence and the inoculum density was significant (p < 0.01) in two compartments. The use of inoculum density to predict disease incidence warrants further investigation.
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Solang, Margaretha, Sabriyanto Hamidun, and Wirnangsih D. Uno. "PROFIL TITER ANTIBODI Avian influenza (AI) MELALUI UJI Haemaglutination Inhibition (HI) DAN IDENTIFIKASI PENERAPAN BIOSECURITY DI PETERNAKAN AYAM FILIPHINE KOTA GORONTALO." Biospecies 15, no. 1 (2022): 16–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.22437/biospecies.v15i1.14401.
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This research aimed to determine the percentage of protective antibody titers of Avian influenza (AI) and the application of biosecurity in Filipino chicken farms in Gorontalo City. This research used direct observation of the application of biosecurity on farms, and data on Avian influenza antibody titers were obtained based on the results of tests conducted during the intership at Class II Agricultural Quarantine Center of Gorontalo. Data analysis was carried out ini a qualitative descriptive manner. The results showed that the percentage of protective antibody titers for Avian influenza (AI) in the 3 Filipino chicken farms was 3.22% in farm ZD, 0% in farm MCY, and 0% in farm AT. The percentage obtained shows that the presence and spread of Avian influenza in the 3 Filipino chicken farms in Gorontalo City is still low. The application of biosecurity on farms shows that the 3 Filipino chicken farms in Gorontalo City were focused on isolation and sanitation, although the implementation was still lacking in detail and comprehensiveness. The focus of biosecurity on isolation and sanitation components causes weaknesses in traffic control components.
 Keyword: Avian influenza antibody titer, protective antibody, application of biosecurity, Filipino chicken
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MD Makut, NJ Emelogu, IK Ekeleme, JE Owuna, and FU Alfa. "Antimicrobial activity of lactic acid bacteria isolated from locally fermented cow milk products sold in Keffi, Nigeria on clinical bacteria." GSC Advanced Research and Reviews 8, no. 2 (2021): 078–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/gscarr.2021.8.2.0165.
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Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are renowned for the potential of producing antimicrobial compounds. This study focuses on isolation and antimicrobial effect of lactic acid bacteria isolated from locally fermented cow milk products (Nono, Kindirmo and Maishanu). The antimicrobial effect of the LAB isolates against clinical test isolates was also investigated. Fifty (50) samples each of Nono and Kindirmo, and twenty-five (25) of Maishanu were collected from cow milk products sellers in Keffi, Nasarawa State Nigeria. Standard microbiological methods were used for the isolation and identification of Lactic acid bacteria from fermented cow milk products. The percentage isolation rate of Lactobacillus species from Nono and Kindirmo showed that 52.0% were isolated from Nono and 58.0% from kindirmo. The highest percentage occurring Lactobacillus species from Nono was Lactobacillus plantarum (14.0%) and the highest percentage occurring Lactobacillus species from kindirmo was Lactobacillus delbrueckii (16.0%). The Lactobacillus species isolated were screened for antibacterial activity and it was observed that seven (7) were able to show inhibition zones. The antimicrobial effect of the LAB culture supernatant against clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Shigella dysenteriae was investigated using agar diffusion technique. The highest 22.00mm was observed by Lactobacillus delbrueckii and Lactobacillus delbrueckii against Shigella dysenteriae, while the least inhibition zone of 15.00mm was observed by Lactobacillus delbrueckii and Lactobacillus acidophilus against E. coli. In conclusion, the zones of inhibition observed in this research strongly suggest that various antimicrobial compounds (lactic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid and bacteriocins) produced during the fermentation process are potent in the control of growth of the test bacteria.