Academic literature on the topic 'Percentage Recovery'
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Journal articles on the topic "Percentage Recovery"
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Sapkota, Mandira, Daxina Chand, Kamal Kafle, Abhinav Poudel, and Pankaj Raj Dhital. "Recovery Percentage of Different Coffee Varieties (Coffee arabica) from Fresh Cherry in The Gulmi District of Nepal." International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology 12, no. 2 (2024): 62–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v12i2.64874.
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The recovery percentages and out-turns of diverse coffee cultivars are contingent upon distinct processing methods and fruit characteristics. Despite the availability of numerous coffee varieties, their recovery percentages and out-turns remain untested in the Gulmi District of Nepal. This study aimed to assess the recovery percentage of different coffee varieties in the Gulmi District to provide insights into the most productive varieties for local farmers, investigate the influence of processing techniques on the recovery percentage, and evaluate the potential for improving the recovery percentage through optimized agricultural practices, harvesting methods, and post-harvest processing. A field experiment was conducted in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications, encompassing ten coffee varieties (Catisic, Bourbon Amarillo, Mundo Novo, Catimor, Yellow Catura, Catuai Amarillo, Firfire,Sanroman, Gulmi Local, and Tekisic) as treatments. The research findings unveiled that Mundo Novo exhibited the highest recovery percentage at 18.13%, with Catuai Amarillo demonstrating the highest recovery percentage of wet parchment from fresh cherry at 63.13%. Moreover, Mundo Novo showcased the highest recovery percentage of dry parchment from fresh cherry at 24.85%, attributed to the removal of a higher proportion of floated parchment during the washing of fermented wet parchment. Furthermore, Mundo Novo exhibited the highest recovery percentage of green beans (21.13%) and roasted beans (18.13%) from fresh cherries, owing to factors such as a lower incidence of floated parchment, larger fruit size, and uniformly ripened cherries. Consequently, based on their superior recovery percentages and out-turns, Mundo Novo and Catuai Amarillo are recommended for cultivation in Nepal. Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 12(2): 62-76.
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Fary, Cam, Jason Cholewa, Scott Abshagen, et al. "Stepping beyond Counts in Recovery of Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Prospective Study on Passively Collected Gait Metrics." Sensors 23, no. 12 (2023): 5588. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23125588.
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Advances in algorithms developed from sensor-based technology data allow for the passive collection of qualitative gait metrics beyond step counts. The purpose of this study was to evaluate pre- and post-operative gait quality data to assess recovery following primary total knee arthroplasty. This was a multicenter, prospective cohort study. From 6 weeks pre-operative through to 24 weeks post-operative, 686 patients used a digital care management application to collect gait metrics. Average weekly walking speed, step length, timing asymmetry, and double limb support percentage pre- and post-operative values were compared with a paired-samples t-test. Recovery was operationally defined as when the respective weekly average gait metric was no longer statistically different than pre-operative. Walking speed and step length were lowest, and timing asymmetry and double support percentage were greatest at week two post-operative (p < 0.0001). Walking speed recovered at 21 weeks (1.00 m/s, p = 0.063) and double support percentage recovered at week 24 (32%, p = 0.089). Asymmetry percentage was recovered at 13 weeks (14.0%, p = 0.23) and was consistently superior to pre-operative values at week 19 (11.1% vs. 12.5%, p < 0.001). Step length did not recover during the 24-week period (0.60 m vs. 0.59 m, p = 0.004); however, this difference is not likely clinically relevant. The data suggests that gait quality metrics are most negatively affected two weeks post-operatively, recover within the first 24-weeks following TKA, and follow a slower trajectory compared to previously reported step count recoveries. The ability to capture new objective measures of recovery is evident. As more gait quality data is accrued, physicians may be able to use passively collected gait quality data to help direct post-operative recovery using sensor-based care pathways.
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Pamungkas, F. A., V. Wulandari, I. Darussalam, et al. "Recovery ability of sperm after freezing of pasundan bull semen." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1341, no. 1 (2024): 012002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1341/1/012002.
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Abstract The purpose of this study is to look at Pasundan bulls’ sperm-freezing capacity for recovery. Three bulls’ sperm were collected using an artificial vagina. According to the normal operating protocols of the Center for Artificial Insemination Breeding and Development of Beef Cattle, Ciamis, West Java, fresh semen with sperm motility of 70% was frozen using a tris egg yolk extender. Evaluations of the percentage of motility, viability, and plasma membrane integrity were done under fresh, equilibrium, and post-thawing conditions to determine sperm destruction and the capacity of sperm to recover in each phase. Using the statistical package SPSS Version 25 application, descriptive statistics were used to examine all of the data. The findings indicated that the percentages of motility, viability, and plasma membrane integrity decreased during the freezing procedure. The motility, viability, and plasma membrane integrity of pasundan bovine semen recovered at rates of 64.29, 78.97, and 63.13%, respectively, following the freezing procedure. Based on recovery rates, it is demonstrated that pasundan bull semen has strong resistance and successful survival rates throughout the freezing procedure.
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Villacres, Jorge, David Nobes, and Cagri Ayranci. "Additive manufacturing of shape memory polymers: effects of print orientation and infill percentage on shape memory recovery properties." Rapid Prototyping Journal 26, no. 9 (2020): 1593–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rpj-09-2019-0239.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to study the shape memory properties of SMP samples produced through a MEAM process. Fused deposition modeling or, as it will be referred to in this paper, material extrusion additive manufacturing (MEAM) is a technique in which polymeric materials are extruded though a nozzle creating parts via accumulation and joining of different layers. These layers are fused together to build three-dimensional objects. Shape memory polymers (SMP) are stimulus responsive materials, which have the ability to recover their pre-programmed form after being exposed to a large strain. To induce its shape memory recovery movement, an external stimulus such as heat needs to be applied. Design/methodology/approach This project investigates and characterizes the influence of print orientation and infill percentage on shape recovery properties. The analyzed shape recovery properties are shape recovery force, shape recovery speed and time elapsed before activation. To determine whether the analyzed factors produce a significant variation on shape recovery properties, t-tests were performed with a 95% confidence factor between each analyzed level. Findings Results proved that print angle and infill percentage do have a significant impact on recovery properties of the manufactured specimens. Originality/value The manufacturing of SMP objects through a MEAM process has a vast potential for different applications; however, the shape recovery properties of these objects need to be analyzed before any practical use can be developed. These have not been studied as a function of print parameters, which is the focus of this study.
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Wang, Shulin, Weihua Lu, Narkes Waly, Chunhui Ma, Qianbing Zhang, and Chuanjian Wang. "Recovery and germination of seeds after passage through the gut of Kazakh sheep on the north slope of the Tianshan Mountains." Seed Science Research 27, no. 1 (2017): 43–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960258517000022.
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AbstractEndozoochorous dispersal of seeds by livestock has long attracted the attention of grassland scientists. However, little is known about seed dispersal after ingestion by Kazakh sheep on dry grasslands in the Tianshan Mountains. The objective of this experiment was to learn more about the recovery and germinability of seeds from 17 plant species after either actual or simulated ingestion (i.e. insertion through a rumen fistula) by Kazakh sheep. The passage time of seeds through the sheep gut ranged from 12 to 96 h. More than 80% of all recovered seeds were defecated 24–48 h after ingestion. The mean retention time of seeds in the gut ranged from 27.3 to 42.2 h. Seed recovery percentage ranged between 12.6 and 17.6% for leguminous species and between 0.8 and 3.2% for gramineous species. Seed recovery percentage was positively correlated with seed mass, but negatively correlated with seed shape. The germination percentages of the gramineous species were greater in the non-ingested treatment (66–98%) than in the simulated ingestion treatment (3–10%). In contrast, for leguminous species, seed germination percentages were greater in the simulated ingestion treatment (23–70%) than in the non-ingested one (5–12%). Seed germination percentage after simulated ingestion was positively correlated with seed mass, but negatively correlated with seed shape. In conclusion, leguminous seeds were more likely than gramineous ones to pass through the gut of Kazakh sheep and then germinate. Free-ranging Kazakh sheep can contribute to the spread of plant species, especially leguminous species, in the Tianshan Mountains.
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McLester, John, Matthew Green, Jason Wickwire, and Thaddeus Crews. "Relationship of VO₂ Peak, Body Fat Percentage, and Power Output Measured During Repeated Bouts of a Wingate Protocol." International Journal of Exercise Science 1, no. 2 (2008): 79–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.70252/itjo8326.
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The principle of specificity would indicate that being aerobically trained would not necessarily enhance performance in events relying principally on oxygenindependent metabolic pathways (i.e. “anaerobic” exercise). Body fatness may be associated with aerobic and anaerobic performance. VO2 Peak was determined with a graded cycle ergometry and, in a separate session 4 consecutive Wingate power tests (3 min recovery) in 31 males. Pearson correlations were calculated for VO2 Peak and Body Fat Percentage with Peak Power, Mean Power, Minimum Power, Fatigue Index, Peak Heart Rate, and Recovery Heart Rate. No significant correlations were found for VO2 Peak or Body Fat Percentage with Peak Power on any bout (p>0.05). Significant correlations were found for VO2 Peak and Body Fat Percentage with Mean Power, Minimum Power, and Fatigue Index. Significant correlations were found for VO2 Peak with delta values of power performance and heart rates (peak and 3 min recovery). Results indicate that VO2 Peak is associated with repeated anaerobic performance, possibly due to greater capacity to recover between bouts. Body Fat Percentage was correlated with measures of power performance (strongest relationships existing in the earlier bouts), but is not strongly correlated with either the heart rate response to power performance or the change in performance over successive bouts.
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Santo, Loredana, Fabrizio Quadrini, and Denise Bellisario. "Multilayered Composite Plates with Shape Memory Properties." Key Engineering Materials 699 (July 2016): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.699.1.
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In this study, multilayered composite plates with shape memory properties were produced: carbon fibers prepreg are alternated with layers of shape memory epoxy powder obtaining composite with different number of layers. The differences in the load exerted during shape recovery, and percentage and time of recovery of the composites as a function of layers number have been evaluated. In particular, the actuation load and the shape recovery percentage were measured after a V-shape memorizing step of the composites. The experimental results are very promising, showing that such multilayers can successfully recover the original shape without noticeable damages and an increasing of actuation load per layer has been found at the increase of the layers number.
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Anton Yudhana, Abdul Fadlil, and Muhammad Rizki Setyawan. "Analysis of Skype Digital Evidence Recovery based on Android Smartphones Using the NIST Framework." Jurnal RESTI (Rekayasa Sistem dan Teknologi Informasi) 4, no. 4 (2020): 682–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.29207/resti.v4i4.2093.
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Cybercrime is an activity utilizing electronic devices and network technology as tools or media to commit crimes. One of them uses the Skype application that is installed on the smartphone. In finding evidence from a cybercrime case, a forensic activity known as digital forensic must be carried out. This study aims to recover digital evidence that has been erased using the NIST framework and forensic tools such as Oxygen and Belkasoft. The results of digital evidence recovery from smartphone Samsung J2 in the removal scenario via the application manager, the Oxygen tool cannot recover deleted data and the percentage of success using Belkasoft is 26%. While the results of data recovery with the manual removal method the percentage of success using Oxygen was 63% and Belkasoft was 44%. Digital evidence recovery results from smartphones Andromax A on the erase scenario through the application manager, Oxygen and Belkasoft tools cannot recover deleted data. While manual removal of Oxygen by 61% and Belkasoft cannot restore data. It can be concluded the results of data recovery from both smartphones that are used according to the erasure method through the application manager, Belkasoft has better performance than Oxygen, and data recovery according to the method of erasing manually, Oxygen has better performance than Belkasoft.
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Tian, Yu, Yang Li, Hongxiang Zhang, Kushan U. Tennakoon, and Zewei Sun. "Germination Strategy of Chenopodium acuminatum Willd. under Fluctuating Salinity Habitats." Agronomy 13, no. 11 (2023): 2769. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13112769.
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Germination events of plants often occur after rainfall in saline environments where the soil salinity is diluted, viz recovery germination. Previous germination studies have rarely considered the duration of exposure to salt stress, and none of them have investigated recovery germination under low-salt concentration, other than in distilled water. The main objective of this study was to investigate the effects of salinity, exposure duration and low-salt recovery solutions on seed germination of the weed Chenopodium acuminatum to get a clear insight about the germination strategy exhibited by this species in a saline habitat. Seeds were initially exposed to 0–400 mM NaCl for 10, 20 and 30 d. The subsequent recovery experiment was conducted differently. For those initially treated with 100 and 200 mM NaCl, the recovery solution was distilled water, while for those initially treated with 300 and 400 mM NaCl, the recovery solution was distilled water, at 50 and 100 mM NaCl. Results showed that the recovery germination percentage and rate significantly decreased when the exposure duration extended. Seeds could subsequently recover to germinate at high percentages at recovery salt solution concentrations for a short duration, but the recovery percentages and rates in high salinity, combined with high exposure duration and relatively high recovery salt concentrations, were remarkably lower. More than 30% of the ungerminated seeds were viable after the recovery experiment. We suggest that Ch. acuminatum exhibits a ‘cautious’ strategy of germination to avoid injury from long-term salt stress and ensure survival for the subsequent continuation of its population under unfavorable saline conditions.
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Shao, Zonghong, Zhishang Li, Rong Fu, et al. "Study on the Quantities and Functions of Natural Killer Cell Subsets in Peripheral Blood of the Patients with Severe Aplastic Anemia,." Blood 118, no. 21 (2011): 3423. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v118.21.3423.3423.
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Abstract Abstract 3423 Objective To investigate the quantitative and functional changes of natural killer(NK) cell subsets in peripheral blood of severe aplastic anemia(SAA) patients before and after immunosuppressive therapy(IST). Methods By means of monoclonal antibody labeling technology, the percentages of NK cells (CD3−CD56+ MCD16+) and their subsets[CD3−CD56bright(CD56bright),CD3−CD56dim(CD56dim),CD3−CD56− CD16+)] in peripheral blood lymphocytes were detected in 42 SAA patients, including 12 patients with newly diagnosed SAA and 30 recovery patients, and 13 normal controls respectively. NK cells inhibitory receptors(CD158a and CD158b),activating receptors(NKG2D and NKp46), perforin and granzyme-β were also detected. Results The percentage of NK cells in peripheral blood lymphocytes was(10.30±6.08)% newly diagnosed patients,(16.47±8.29)% in recovery patients, and(19.45±6.88)% in normal controls. The percentage of NK cells in newly diagnosed SAA patients was lower than that of recovery patients and normal controls(p<0.05),and there was no statistical difference between recovery patients and normal controls(p>0.05).The median percentage of CD56bright cells was 0.11% newly diagnosed SAA patients, 0.68% in recovery patients and 0.53% in normal controls. The median percentage of CD56bright cells in newly diagnosed SAA patients was lower than that of the other two groups (p<0.05),and there was no statistical difference between recovery patients and normal controls(p>0.05).The percentage of CD56dim cells was(9.62±6.04)% in newly diagnosed patients,(13.81±7.52)% in recovery patients and(18.21±7.16)% in normal controls. The percentage of CD56dim cells in newly diagnosed SAA patients was lower than that of normal controls (p<0.05),and there was no statistical difference between the other groups(p>0.05).The median percentage of CD3−CD56−CD16+ cells was 0.37% in newly diagnosed patients, 0.79% in recovery patients and 0.41% in normal controls. The percentage of CD3−CD56−CD16+ cells in recovery SAA patients was higher than that of the other two groups(p<0.05),and there was no statistical difference between newly diagnosed SAA patients and normal controls (p>0.05).The median expressions of CD158a,NKG2D and NKp46 on NK cells were 16.45%,95.68%,88.23% in newly diagnosed SAA patients, 19.34%,96.85%,82.97% in recovery patients and 21.59%,96.13%,40.99% in normal controls. The median expression of NKp46 on NK cells of newly diagnosed and recovery SAA patients were higher than that of healthy individuals(p<0.05).The expression of CD158b on NK cells was(34.66±16.02)% in newly diagnosed patients,(39.13±17.75)% in recovery patients,(41.43±17.43)% in controls, and there was no statistical difference between each groups (p>0.05).The expression of perforin in NK cells cytoplasm was(66.14±20.73)% in newly diagnosed patients,(64.97±21.61)% in recovery patients and (42.11±_27.25)% in controls. The expression of perforin in newly diagnosed and recovery SAA patients were higher than that of controls(p<0.05),and there was no statistical difference between that of the other groups (p>0.05).The median expression of granzyme-β in NK cells cytoplasm is 96.43% in newly diagnosed SAA patients,96.97% in recovery SAA patients,92.88% in controls, and there was no statistical difference between each groups (p>0.05). Conclusions The decrease of the percentage NK cells, CD56bright,CD56dim NK cell subsets and the higher expressions of NKp46 and perforin may cause the over-function of T lymphocytes and thus lead to hematopoiesis failure in SAA≤®. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Percentage Recovery"
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Mendoza, Alonzo Jennifer Lorena. "Predicting the Clinical Outcome in Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury using Clinical Pathway Scores." Scholar Commons, 2013. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4544.
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The Polytrauma/TBI Rehabilitation Center (PRC) of the Veterans Affairs Hospital (VAH) treats patients with Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI). These patients have major motor and cognitive disabilities. Most of the patients stay in the hospital for many months without major improvements. This suggests that patients, family and the VAH could benefit if healthcare provider had a way to better assess or "predict" patients' progression. The individual progress of patients over time is assessed using a pre-defined multi-component performance measure Functional Independence Measures (FIM) at admission and discharge, and a semi-quantitative documentation parameter Clinical Pathway (CP) at weekly intervals. This work uses already de-identified and transformed data to explore developing a clinical outcome predictive model for patients with TBI, as early as possible. The clinical outcome is measured as percentage of recovery using CP scores. The results of this research will allow healthcare providers to improve the current resource management (e.g. staff, equipment, space) through setting goals for each patient, as well as to provide the family more accurate and timely information about the status and needs of the patient.
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Forsyth, Ashley T. "Effects of Fat-Free and 2% Chocolate Milk on Strength and Body Composition Following Resistance Training." Scholar Commons, 2010. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/1633.
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Nutrition and recovery go hand in hand. After a resistance training workout, it is extremely important for athletes to rebuild and refuel their bodies with the proper nourishment to obtain maximal results. In doing so, they consume different recovery aids or ergogenic aids for gains in muscle mass, an aid in hydration, and a speedy recovery. Ergogenic aids can include many things (i.e., improved equipment, training program), but one of the most popular types of ergogenic aids is nutritional supplements such as protein, carbohydrates, creatine, and vitamins. A nutritional supplement that has recently grown in popularity is chocolate milk. Currently, no studies exist comparing the effects of fat-free chocolate milk and 2% chocolate milk on muscular strength and body composition in collegiate softball players. The purpose of this study will be to determine the effects of fat-free and 2% chocolate milk ingestion on body composition and muscular strength following eight weeks of resistance training. In a randomized (matched according to strength and bodyweight), double blind experimental design, 18 female, collegiate softball players (18.5 +_ .7 yrs; 65.7 +_ 1.8 inches; 156.2 +_ 21.6 lbs) ingested either fat-free chocolate milk or 2% chocolate milk immediately after resistance exercise workouts for an 8-week period. Dependent variables included body fat percentage, lean muscle mass, bench press 1RM, and leg press 1RM. Data was analyzed via a paired samples t-test (to detect difference across both groups over the 8-week training period) and an independent samples t-test (to detect differences between the groups) using SPSS for Windows 15.0. No statistically significant differences were found in bench press strength, leg press strength, body fat %, and lean body mass between the fat-free group and the 2% chocolate milk group. The major finding of this study is that there is no difference between fat-free chocolate milk and 2% chocolate milk in regards to body fat percentage, lean body mass, bench press maximal strength, and leg press maximal strength following an eight week exercise program where the chocolate milk was ingested immediately after each workout. However, there was a significant difference in both groups combined after the eight week training program. Therefore, from a practical sense, consumption of either fat-free chocolate milk or 2% chocolate milk in conjunction with a periodized resistance training program does improve exercise performance in regards to maximal strength as well as improvements in body fat percentage and lean body mass.
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Teodósio, Carolina Marques. "Sexual dimorphism in heart rate recovery from peak exercise." Master's thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/13280.
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Purpose: Delayed heart rate recovery (HRR) after peak exercise is associated with decreased vagal reactivation and represents a prognostic marker of cardiovascular disease. There is a lack of consensus on whether heart rate recovery (HRR) post-peak exercise follows a sexually dimorphic pattern. We hypothesized that two groups of men and women paired-matched for age and level of cardiorespiratory fitness (peak oxygen uptake - VO2peak percentile) would exhibit similar HRR from peak exercise intensities.
Methods: Forty healthy individuals (23 men and 17 women), aged 18 to 28 years, with above average cardiovascular fitness (VO2peak > 50th percentile), performed a peak cycle-ergometer tests with cardiorpulmonary measurements. HRR was obtained at the 1st (HRR1min) and 2nd min (HRR2min) of passive recovery. Student t tests were computed to explore possible differences between men and women for anthropometric and cardiopulmonary data obtained at rest, during exercise and recovery. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to determine whether the relationship between VO2peak and HRR differed between sexes. We used HRR1min and HRR2min as dependent variables and VO2peak, sex and the interaction between sex and VO2peak as independent variables.
Results: There were no between-group differences for the VO2peak percentile, RER or peak heart rate (p > 0.05). In contrast, men attained higher peak values for VO2 and work rate (p < 0.05). Both sexes had similar HRR post-peak exercise (p > 0.05). In multiple linear models, VO2peak explained 11.2% of HRR1min variance. As importantly, sex, VO2peak and their interaction were all significant predictors of HRR2min (explained variance: 29.2%) (p < 0.05). When the differences between sexes in VO2peak were controlled for, HRR remained similar between sexes both at 1 and 2 min of recovery.
Conclusion: This study shows that, for a given VO2peak percentile (VO2peak percentile > 50th percentile), HRR is similar between men and women. For this reason, we conclude vagal reactivation post-peak exercise does not follow a sexually dimorphic pattern.<br>Objetivos: O atraso na recuperação da frequência cardíaca (RFC) após o esforço associa-se a uma pobre reativação vagal e representa um marcador prognóstico de patologia cardiovascular. Atualmente, não existe consenso sobre se a RFC pós-exercício de pico segue um padrão de dimorfismo sexual. Colocou-se a hipótese de que dois grupos de homens e mulheres, emparelhados por idade e nível de aptidão cardiorrespiratória (percentil de VO2pico), apresentariam valores semelhantes de RFC.
Métodos: 40 participantes saudáveis (23 homens e 17 mulheres), com idades entre 18 e 28 anos, com aptidão cardiovascular acima da média (VO2pico > percentil 50), realizaram uma prova de esforço de pico em ciclo-ergómetro com medidas cardiorrespiratórias. A RFC foi obtida ao 1º e 2º minuto de recuperação passiva. Recorreu-se ao teste t Student para explorar possíveis diferenças entre homens e mulheres para dados antropométricos e cardiorrespiratórios obtidos em repouso, durante e depois do exercício de pico. Procedeu-se ainda à análise da regressão linear múltipla para determinar eventuais diferenças sexuais na relação entre VO2pico e a RFC. Definiram-se como variáveis dependentes a RFC ao primeiro e segundo minuto (RFC1min e RFC2min, respetivamente). Já o VO2pico, o sexo e a interação entre sexo e VO2pico foram definidos como variáveis independentes.
Resultados: Não houve diferenças entre os dois grupos para o percentil de VO2pico, quociente de trocas respiratórias de pico ou pico de frequência cardíaca (p> 0.05). No entanto, os homens obtiveram valores superiores do que as mulheres para o pico de VO2 e taxa de trabalho (p < 0.05). Ambos os sexos tiveram uma RFC semelhante após o esforço de pico (p > 0.05). Nos modelos lineares múltiplos, o VO2pico explicou 11.2% da variância da RFC. Já no que se refere à RFC2min, verificou-se que um modelo composto pelas variáveis sexo, VO2pico, e sua interação alcançou um poder explicativo equivalente a 29.2% da variância da RFC (p < 0.05). Quando as diferenças entre os sexos foram controladas com recurso à análise de covariância, a RFC subsistiu como semelhante entre sexos quer ao 1º como 2º min de recuperação.
Conclusão: Este estudo demonstra que, para um dado percentil de VO2pico (> percentil 50), não há dimorfismo sexual na frequência cardíaca de recuperação obtido ao 1º e 2º minuto de recuperação. Por este motivo, conclui-se que o perfil de reativação vagal pós-esforço de pico não se rege por um padrão de dimorfismo sexual.
Books on the topic "Percentage Recovery"
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Cruces, Guillermo, Gary S. Fields, David Jaume, and Mariana Viollaz. Chile. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198801085.003.0010.
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During the 2000s Chile achieved rapid economic growth and improved most labour market indicators: the unemployment rate fell; the mix of employment by occupational position and sector improved; the educational level of the employed population, the percentage of registered workers, and labour earnings increased; and all poverty and inequality indicators decreased. The economy suffered a recession during the international crisis of 2008, but recovered quickly. The chapter shows that some labour market indicators were negatively affected by the crisis. The unemployment rate was the only indicator that did not return to its pre-crisis level by the end of the period studied.
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Cruces, Guillermo, Gary S. Fields, David Jaume, and Mariana Viollaz. Venezuela. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198801085.003.0022.
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Venezuela experienced slow economic growth during the 2000s. The economy suffered a recession in the early years of the period and during the international crisis of 2008, but most labour market indicators improved and moved along with the business cycle over the period. The chapter shows that the only indicators that did not improve were the composition of employment by occupational position and the percentage of workers registered with social security, which remained essentially unchanged. Most of the labour market indicators were affected negatively by the international crisis, and some of them had not recovered their pre-crisis levels by 2012.
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Wegren, Stephen K., Alexander Nikulin, and Irina Trotsuk. Food Policy and Food Security. The Rowman & Littlefield Publishing Group, Inc., 2018. https://doi.org/10.5040/9781666993349.
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This book provides a comprehensive analysis of Russian food policy. Food policy is defined as the way government policy influences food production and distribution. Russia’s food policy is important for several reasons. The first and most obvious reason is that a dysfunctional food policy is symptomatic of larger political and societal problems. A failing food policy is often the precursor to political instability. Russian food policy is also important is due to the agricultural recovery since 2004 that has allowed Russia to become self-sufficient in grain production. Being food-sufficient in grain means that Russia is not drawing upon global grain supply. Even more important, Russia now produces surpluses and has become a global grain supplier. Moreover, the agricultural recovery has made the country food secure, traditionally defined as having enough food for a healthy life. An analysis of food policy reveals that the structure of food production has changed with the emergence of mega-farms called agroholdings that are horizontally and vertically integrated. Agroholdings represent a concentration of capital and land, with a small number of farms producing large percentages of total food output. The book explores alternatives to the industrial agricultural model by discussing different variants of sustainable agriculture. A final importance of Russian food policy concerns food trade. Russia has become more protectionist since 2012. The food embargo against Western nations (2014-2017) is one example, so too is import substitution that is a core component of food policy. The book demonstrates the politicalization of external food trade. Food trade and denial of access to the Russian market is used as an instrument of foreign policy to punish countries with whom Russia has disagreements. Current Russian policymakers have food resources to augment, support, and extend national interests abroad. Russia historically has cycled through periods of integration and isolation from the West. This book raises the question whether a new normal has arisen that is characterized by the permanent withdrawal from integration, as evidenced by its nationalist and protectionist food policy. The book is entirely original, rich in detail and broad in scope. It is based on field work, survey data, a wide reading of primary sources and the secondary literature, all of which are linked to important policy questions in development studies and food studies. It is destined to become a classic book on Russian food policy.
Book chapters on the topic "Percentage Recovery"
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Lenaerts, Klaas, Simone Tagliapietra, and Guntram B. Wolff. "7. Europe’s Green Investment Requirements and the Role of Next Generation EU." In Greening Europe. Open Book Publishers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.11647/obp.0328.07.
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The EU countries’ priorities on climate and environmental spending, as reflected in the allocations of the Recovery and Resilience funds, are assessed in Chapter 7 by K. Lenaerts, S. Tagliapietra, and G. B. Wolff. The results suggest that the priorities differ significantly. Also, broader estimates of the required investments are provided, and these indicate that annual investments in energy and green tech must increase by 2 percentage points of GDP to reach climate neutrality by 2050, both globally and in Europe. Policies, therefore, must focus on boosting private investment and creating a viable green tech sector.
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Pinto, Maria Rita, Martina Bosone, and Francesca Ciampa. "Sustainable Reuse Indicators for Ecclesiastic Built Heritage Regeneration." In The Urban Book Series. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-29515-7_60.
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AbstractIn the context of anthropogenic impacts on pollution and global warming scenarios, reject from the construction sector accounts for 36% of European waste. This waste percentage includes disused and abandoned buildings that have lost the value of their function over time. In order to reduce the ecological footprint they generate, the paper rethinks Recovery in its circular meaning to put these buildings back into a normal circuit of usability, improving the creation of resilient urban habitats. In particular, decommissioned ecclesiastical buildings constitute a huge quantity and significant quality heritage, as by cultural, perceptive, morphological and material values. The sustainable reuse of this heritage must act on its double impacting value: the tangible one linked to the material culture of the buildings and the intangible one, linked to the identity values of sediment instances. Through a comparison desk research of more than 140 cases of reuse on a European scale, the contribution arrives at a system of indicators that allow evaluating the reuse sustainable compatibility of these buildings, able to promote prosperity, inclusiveness and social equity. These indicators make it possible to assess the appropriateness of design actions aimed at mediating between the conservation of the built heritage and the transformative needs of contemporary instances. The results provide scenarios tool of sustainable recovery, capable of transforming waste into a resource, extending the life cycle of the ecclesiastical heritage and thus mitigating its environmental impact, as well as the cost related to the loss of cultural values and identity for the community.
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Machado, Cristian Rivera, and Hiroshan Hettiarachchi. "Composting as a Municipal Solid Waste Management Strategy: Lessons Learned from Cajicá, Colombia." In Organic Waste Composting through Nexus Thinking. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-36283-6_2.
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AbstractMunicipal solid waste (MSW) generated in developing countries usually contains a high percentage of organic material. When not properly managed, organic waste is known for creating many environmental issues. Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, soil and water contamination, and air pollution are a few examples. On the other hand, proper and sustainable management of organic waste can not only bring economic gains but also reduce the waste volume that is sent for final disposal. Composting is one such recovery method, in which the end product – compost – eventually helps the agricultural industry, and other sectors, making the process an excellent example of nexus thinking in integrated management of environmental resources. The aim of this chapter is to discuss how Cajicá, a small city in Colombia, approached this issue in a methodical way to eventually became one of the leading organic waste composting examples in the whole world, as recognised by the United Nations Environment Programme in 2017. Cajicá launched a source separation and composting initiative called Green Containers Program (GCP) in 2008, based on a successful pilot project conducted in 2005. The organic waste separated at source collected from households, commercial entities, schools, and universities are brought to a privately operated composting plant chosen by the city to produce compost. The compost plant sells compost to the agricultural sector. The participants in the GCP could also receive a bag of compost every 2 months as a token of appreciation. The Cajicá case presents us with many lessons of good practice, not only in the sustainable management of waste but also in stakeholder engagement. It specifically shows how stakeholders should be brought together for long-lasting collaboration and the benefits to society. Finding the correct business model for the project, efforts made in educating the future generation, and technology adaptation to local conditions are also seen as positive experiences that others can learn from in the case of Cajicá’s GCP. Some of the concerns and potential threats observed include the high dependency GCP has on two institutions: the programme financially depends completely on the municipality, and the composting operation depends completely on one private facility. GCP will benefit from having contingency plans to reduce the risk of having these high dependencies.
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Beckett, G. D. "LNAPL Transmissivity, Mobility and Recoverability—Utility and Complications." In Advances in the Characterisation and Remediation of Sites Contaminated with Petroleum Hydrocarbons. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-34447-3_12.
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AbstractLight non-aqueous phase liquid (LNAPL) mobility, transmissivity (Tn), and recoverability are controlled by a suite of factors, namely release characteristics, the environment in which it resides, its age, physical/chemical properties, and others. LNAPL plumes are dynamic, but typically trend toward field stability after a release stops. Unlike groundwater mobility, finite LNAPL releases represent an ever-diminishing mobile mass due to degradation, residualization, and other factors that will be subsequently examined. For these and other reasons, mobility aspects vary both spatially and temporally. Tn is a useful, but complex, related parameter. It is commonly used to determine the applicability of LNAPL hydraulic recovery. But since it is not constant, a cutoff must be carefully considered, along with its manner of determination. Further, even if a plume is theoretically “recoverable” on a Tn rate basis that has very little relationship to whether that action would be expected to have any net environmental benefit. LNAPL hydraulic recovery is inherently self-limiting and has little net benefit unless a plume is mobile (and contained) or a significant mass recovery percentile is possible, which is rare.
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Bagheri, Leila, Mahmoud Lotfi, and Mansour Nori. "Production of haploid embryos and plants in Iranian melon (Cucumis melo L.) through irradiated pollen-induced parthenogenesis." In Mutation breeding, genetic diversity and crop adaptation to climate change. CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789249095.0013.
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Abstract The irradiated pollen technique (IPT) is the most successful haploidization technique within Cucurbitaceae. The influence of gamma-ray doses (250, 350, 450 and 550 Gy), genotypes and stage of development of embryos obtained by IPT on the induction of haploid embryos were studied in several Iranian melon cultivars as well as their hybrids with alien cultivars. Female flowers were pollinated using pollen that had been irradiated with gamma rays. Different shapes and stages of embryos were excised 21-25 days after pollination and cultured on E20A medium. Direct culture, liquid culture and integrated culture methods were used; integrated culture and liquid culture methods showed advantages in increasing the efficiency of haploid plant production in melon breeding programmes. Results revealed that 550 Gy of gamma irradiation was successful in inducing parthenogenesis and fruit development, whereas lower irradiation doses were not effective in inducing haploid embryos. The percentages of embryos per seed were the highest in 'Samsoori' (1.2%) and 'Saveh' (1.1%) cultivars. Some of the heart-shaped and cotyledon-shaped embryos developed into haploid plants. In total, 52 parthenogenic melon plantlets were recovered from 274 embryos via IPT. Production of haploid embryos and haploid plants was strongly influenced by gamma-ray dose, embryo stage and genotype. Indirect methods and chromosome counting performed on the root cells of regenerated plants showed that these plants were haploid (n = x = 12).
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Li, Chenglong, Mingri Guo, Zonglun Sha, Dongsheng Wang, and Ran Zhao. "Research on Profile Control, Water Plugging and Oil Displacement Technologies for Low-Permeability Fractured Reservoirs." In Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications. IOS Press, 2025. https://doi.org/10.3233/faia250072.
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Low permeability fractured reservoirs have strong heterogeneity, low efficiency and ineffective circulation, high water content, and low recovery rate. Conventional profile control measures significantly stabilize oil and control water, but the increase in recovery rate is small. Taking low-permeability fractured reservoirs in the periphery of Daqing as the research object, this study conducts research on the synergistic potential tapping technology of plugging, regulating and driving, and conducts pilot tests to verify the feasibility and adaptability of the technology. The effect of plugging, adjusting and driving is significantly better than that of deep profile control, and the experiment can increase the recovery rate by more than 10 percentage points; Injecting three cycles of rock cores can increase the recovery rate by 16.8 percentage points. During the pilot test of plugging, adjusting and driving, the recovery rate was increased by 1.95 percentage points within 2 cycles. This technology has important practical significance for improving the recovery rate of similar oil reservoirs in China.
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Drake, Christiana, Richard Levine, and Eugene A. Laska. "Identifying Prognostic Factors That Predict Recovery in the Presence of Loss to Follow-Up." In Recovery from Schizophrenia. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195313673.003.0007.
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Abstract Typically, the identification of prognostic factors in longitudinal outcome studies is based on data from those individuals in the cohort who are not lost to follow-up (i.e., who have not been “censored”). Loss to follow-up is a common occurrence, and the longer the follow-up period the greater the chance it will occur. If the majority of subjects are uncensored, it is unlikely that estimates will be biased. But if the percentage of censored individuals is large, the likelihood of erroneous inference grows. Bias is not a problem if the mechanisms that govern loss to follow-up are statistically independent of the outcome measure. However, if this assumption does not hold, the possibility of bias must be considered.
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Watridge, Clarence B. "Intensive Care After Spinal Surgery." In Mayo Clinic Critical and Neurocritical Care Board Review, edited by Eelco F. M. Wijdicks, James Y. Findlay, William D. Freeman, and Ayan Sen. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190862923.003.0106.
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Spinal surgery is a relatively common surgical procedure in the United States. More than 600,000 spinal operations are performed each year, and many are performed as outpatient procedures. Although only a small percentage of spinal surgery patients require intensive care unit (ICU) admission, spinal surgery does carry a risk of death. In addition, the neurologic recovery is often limited by the nature of the condition, and surgical outcomes can be adversely affected postoperatively.
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J. Ciclitira, Paul, and Alastair Forbes. "Management of Patients with Refractory Coeliac Disease." In Celiac Disease. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.96231.
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Coeliac disease (CD) is an immune-mediated disorder affecting the small intestine. The condition represents an intolerance to gluten. Removal of dietary gluten permits recovery, with a full recovery for the majority of affected subjects. A percentage of affected subjects who do not improve with a gluten-free diet are considered to have refractory coeliac disease (RCD). Refractory coeliac disease is subdivided into type 1, characterised by a polyclonal expansion of intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) that have a normal phenotype, and type 2 (RCD2) which exhibits IELs with a monoclonal phenotype. Subjects with RCD carry a high risk of complications, including ulcerative jejunitis and lymphoma affecting the small intestine, the latter termed enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma (EATL).
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Bhat, Dr Arshad, Mohammad Lateef, Parvaiz Rashid, and Dr Indresh Pachauri. "EDUCATIONAL LANDSCAPE IN JAMMU AND KASHMIR: EXPLORING THE IMPACT AND RECOVERY FROM THE PANDEMIC PERIOD IN THE CONTEXT OF EDUCATIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN INDIA." In GOVERNANCE, INDUSTRIAL AND EDUCATIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN INDIA. GRF Books, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.52458/9788196830052.2023.eb.grf.ch-20.
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The SARS-CoV-2 virus, or Covid-19, was a terrible development for global education and related sectors. The entire nation was under total lockdown because of Covid-19, and this included the country's educational system. The pupils who suffered the most from the school closures were those who had no opportunity to learn at home. A loss of education may come from the school closing, and a loss of education would equate to a loss of human resource development overall. The entire spectrum of education was about to implode. However, suddenly, the Internet turns out to be a godsend and transforms the educational landscape from a physical classroom to a virtual one. The internet was used for all education-related activities, saving millions of students' futures, and advancing the cause of future resource endowment. This chapter attempts to analyze the state of education in Jammu and Kashmir both during and after the pandemic's recovery, keeping in mind the full range of Covid-19 and the value of education. The information utilized in this chapter came from the Jammu and Kashmir government's official database, the Directorate of Economics and Statistics' Digest of Statistics. Simple mathematical tools such as compound annual growth rates and percentage changes were used to analyze the data. The data shows a dismal and declining state of the education sector in Jammu and Kashmir during the pandemic and even after recovery, which made the results somewhat startling. The findings demonstrated that, despite an increase in the pass percentage of students between the pre- and post-pandemic periods, the enrollment ratio of students experienced a percentage change of -2.70 and -5.97 for primary and secondary education, respectively. In a similar vein, the number of teachers enrolled has also declined, changing by a positive 89.08 percentage point at the upper secondary level of education but decreasing by -50.43 and -8.48 percentage points at the primary and secondary education levels, respectively. The primary student-teacher ratio in Jammu and Kashmir experienced a negative change of -50.43 over the reference period (2018-19 to 2021-21), according to the results. The chapter also emphasizes how slowly the education sector has expanded over the past few decades, with compound annual growth rates for institutions, students enrolled, and teachers of 0.170, 0.032, and 0.284, respectively. The chapter concludes that while education in the state is improving, it is in disarray overall and needs stable policy support from the government and other non-profit organizations to close the educational gap and reap the benefits of education through better human resources and a better state. This support is needed both during the Covid-19 pandemic and after the recovery period.
Conference papers on the topic "Percentage Recovery"
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Al-Luqman, Salah, Iyad Al-Buraiki, and Majed M. Al-Qarni. "Corrosion Mitigation and Monitoring in Sulfur Recovery Units." In CORROSION 2009. NACE International, 2009. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2009-09358.
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Abstract The main objective of Sulfur Recovery Units (SRU) is to remove sulfur compounds (mainly hydrogen sulfide) from gases produced by sweetening of refinery or sour field production gases. The sulfur compounds are converted to elemental sulfur, and then the sulfur is condensed to liquid sulfur. The feed contains mainly hydrogen sulfides coming from amine and sour water units. Corrosion is a major concern in SRUs due to the presence of a high percentage of hydrogen sulfide, as well as high temperatures in most of the unit’s equipment. This paper will demonstrate the fundamental corrosion issues encountered in SRUs. In addition, it will address the Claus process chronic corrosion problems such as sulfidation, sour environment cracking, weak acid corrosion, and other damage mechanisms. Moreover, it will propose protective actions and applicable corrosion monitoring techniques to avoid reoccurrence of corrosion problems.
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Shadravan, Arash, Shaofeng Sun, Yao Xiong, and Michael Whitehouse. "Bitumen Natural Corrosion Inhibition for Canadian Heavy Oil Thermal Recovery Pipeline System." In CORROSION 2021. AMPP, 2021. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2021-17019.
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Abstract Recently to improve bitumen recovery efficiency at Cold Lake, diluent is started to be added into the production system. The objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of diluent addition on the integrity of Cold Lake pipeline system. Kilometers of this pipeline was operated without any corrosion inhibitor injection or major pipeline integrity challenges in the past 20-30 years. However, since failures in a pipeline system could pose financial and environmental risks, investigating the corrosion likelihood and its magnitude will be crucial in operating this pipeline and developing monitoring and mitigation programs. To achieve this milestone, we designed a corrosion experimental matrix and tested carbon steel samples coated with Cold Lake bitumen in pressurized autoclaves under aqueous sour environment simulating the pipeline conditions. Results show that the Cold Lake Bitumen effectively protects the pipeline from general corrosion. Despite the higher percentage of diluent combined with the effect of shear leading to partial dissolution of the Cold Lake bitumen coat, only low localized corrosion rate was observed in the laboratory.
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Li, Zhong, Colin Dooley, and Y. Frank Cheng. "Environmental Stress Cracking of High Density Polyethylene Pipes in Alkali Surfactant Polymer Enhanced Oil Recovery Floods." In CORROSION 2013. NACE International, 2013. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2013-02292.
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Abstract With the increasing use of high density polyethylene (HDPE) pipes in enhanced oil recovery process, environmental stress cracking (ESC) poses a threat to the integrity of pipes in alkali surfactant polymer (ASP) flooding. In this work, the ESC susceptibility of three types of HDPE material was investigated by ASP soaking, tensile testing, pre-notched specimen stressing tests and surface characterization. The results demonstrate that the susceptibility of HDPE to ESC depends on the ASP concentration, stress and the type of materials. The ASP solution soaking decreases the elongation of the material, especially at an elevated temperature. Furthermore, the percentage of the cracked specimens over the total number of specimens in ESC tests increases with the ASP concentration. The PE 100+ has the highest resistance to ESC compared to two other HDPE materials. PE 100+ exhibits a higher crystallinity and disentanglement energy than 4710 and 3608. The failure specimens exhibit swelling phenomenon and the formation of crazes on the specimen surface.
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Shirodkar, Prashant, Khyati Sonpal, Yusuf Mehta, Aaron Nolan, Alan Norton, and Christopher Tomlinson. "Impact of Different Extraction Recovery Method on Allowable Percentage of Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP)." In GeoShanghai International Conference 2010. American Society of Civil Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/41104(377)10.
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Ibrahim, Ahmed Farid. "The Optimum Cluster Interference Percentage in Multi-Stage Fractured Wells." In Middle East Oil, Gas and Geosciences Show. SPE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/213207-ms.
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Abstract In a number of shale formations, including the Bakken and Barnet shales, cluster spacing was fixed to 700 feet. In Eagle Ford and DJ Basin, tight cluster spacing was used for cluster spacing of up to 15 feet. This study presents an combined workflow to calculate the percent of interference and its effect on the well performance in addition estimate the acceptable interference percentage that provides the highest well profitability. Analytical rate transient analysis (RTA) and reservoir numerical simulation were coupled to calculate the ratio of the effective fracture surface area (ACe) for hydrocarbon production to the actual stimulated fracture area (ACa) from the numerical simulation. The percentage of interference was calculated by (1-ACe/ACa). The discounted cash flow analysis was combined to the integrated workflow to estimate the acceptable percentage of interference and the optimum spacing depending on the well's profitability. This study presents an integrated workflow for quantifying the percentage of cluster interference as a function of spacing. The workflow was integrated with an economic model to estimate the acceptable interference percent in order to maximize the NPV. The higher the stage number and tighter cluster spacing, the higher the cluster interference will be. The acceptable interference percent is a function of formation properties and economic parameters. The acceptable interference percent was found to be 16% in the case of 0.0001md, 2.5$/Mscf. Increasing the formation permeability increases the acceptable interference percent to accelerate production and increase the recovery. As the higher gas price or lower interest rate, tighter spacing is recommended, where, at 8$/Mscf, the NPV was continuously increasing up to the lowest spacing in this study of 20 ft.
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Bahfie, Fathan, Azwar Manaf, Widi Astuti, Fajar Nurjaman, Yepi Triapriani, and Yayat Iman Supriyatna. "Study of graphite stoichiometry effect on the selective reduction of saprolite to percentage, recovery, and microstructure of nickel." In 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCED INFORMATION SCIENTIFIC DEVELOPMENT (ICAISD) 2021: Innovating Scientific Learning for Deep Communication. AIP Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0114907.
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Li, Ying, Ying Ai, Haitao Li, and Mingjun Chen. "Flowback Stimulation of Frac Fluid in Tight Oil Reservoirs Through Supercritical Condition." In International Petroleum Technology Conference. IPTC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2523/iptc-21303-ms.
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Abstract Tight sandstone reservoirs are an important petroleum resources in recent years. Hydraulic fracturing is widely used to stimulate development of tight sandstone oil reservoirs by creating underground fractures, but the low flowback rate of fracturing fluid leads to the water blocking damage and low oil recovery of tight sandstone oil reservoirs compared with those of conventional oil reservoirs. The object of this study is to experimentally investigate the possibility of improving flowback efficiency and oil recovery efficiency through achievement of the supercritical water condition. Self-developed reaction system is used to conduct hydraulic fracturing for tight sandstone samples under both regular and supercritical conditions. While comparing the oil recovery factor and flowback efficiency of the regular and supercritical water hydraulic fracturing, mechanisms behind these results are explored through examination of the change in oil components, the change in rock minerals and the change in pore-fracture distribution. Results show that the dynamic viscosity of the crude oil after the supercritical water hydraulic fracturing is significantly lower than that before hydraulic fracturing, with a decrease of 2.88 mPa·s under ambient condition and a decrease of 0.39 mPa·s under in situ condition. Lighter oil components occupy more percentage of the totoal oil components in the recovered oil from supercritical water hydraulic fracturing than that in the oil recovered from regular hydraulic fracturing, with an average increase of 16% for the oil components of molecular weight from 100 to 200. Heavier oil components of molecular weight larger than 300 have an average decrease of 15.5% after the supercritical water hydraulic fracturing. This indicate the visbreaking of the crude oil under the supercritical water condition. Oil recovery after supercritical water hydraulic fracturing is always higher than that after regular hydraulic fracturing, and the ultimate oil recovery after supercritical water hydraulic fracturing is 66.5% compared with 60% of regular hydraulic fracturing. Fracturing fluid after the supercritical water condition flows much quicker and smoothly than that after the regular hydraulic fracturing, and the ultimate flow back factor of the fracturing fluid is 63% after the supercritical water hydraulic fracturing compared with that of 49% after the regular hydraulic fracturing. Increase in percentage of larger pores/fractures after the supercritical water hydraulic fracturing is more significant than that after regular hydraulic fracturing. The percentage of interstratified illite-montmorillonite decreases an average of 15.2%, while that of kaolinite increase an average of 14.3% in the rock samples after supercritical water hydraulic fracturing compared with the original rock samples. This will benefit the recovery process when oil and water flows together into the well bore after the hydraulic fracturing.
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Singh, Vikram, Erik Svensson, Sebastian Verhelst, and Martin Tuner. "Investigating the Potential of an Integrated Coolant Waste Heat Recovery System in an HD Engine Using PPC Operation." In ASME 2018 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icef2018-9708.
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With the increasing focus on reducing emissions and making fuel efficient vehicles within the automotive industry over the past few years, new methods are constantly being investigated to improve the efficiency of the powertrain. One such method is recovering waste heat from the exhaust gases as well as the coolant using a thermodynamic cycle such as a Rankine cycle. However, most studies looking into low temperature or coolant heat recovery investigate the use of a separate secondary cycle for the recovery of waste heat itself. This has the disadvantage of having the working fluid at a lower temperature than the coolant which reduces the recovery efficiency. This paper investigates the potential of an integrated Rankine cycle waste heat recovery system where the coolant also acts as the refrigerant and is integrated with the exhaust gas recirculation waste heat recovery. The refrigerant/coolant used for this study is ethanol, while being used in two modes for low temperature/coolant recovery: using the engine as the preheater and using it as an evaporator. Using a combination of GT Power and Matlab, a Scania D13 engine was simulated in partially premixed combustion operation with a waste heat recovery system. For the engine load-speed range, the coolant flow rate, pressure ratio and superheat were swept for determining the optimal values for maximizing output power. It was seen that while using the engine both as a preheater and as an evaporator the recoverable power increased in comparison to using only the exhaust gas recirculation heat for recovery. When using the engine for preheating, the recoverable power increased marginally with an indicated efficiency gain of less than 0.5 percentage points whereas when using the engine for the evaporation of the coolant, the indicated efficiency showed gains of up to 1.7 percentage points in comparison to using EGR-only heat recovery with a total gain in indicated efficiency of up to 5.5 percentage points. This larger gain in recoverable power while using the engine as an evaporator in comparison to as a preheater is due to the location of the pinch point in analyzing the heat exchange process. The system behavior was also studied with regards to the pressure ratio, the mass flow rate of coolant and the superheat. It was generally observed that at higher loads and speeds these parameters increased as more waste heat was available for recovery for the system.
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Sammak, Majed, Maruthi Jupudi, Alaaeldin Dawood, and Abdurrahman Khalidi. "Waste Heat Recovery Driven Turbocharger System for Gas Turbine." In ASME Turbo Expo 2022: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2022-82941.
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Abstract This paper introduces a novel concept for power augmentation by waste heat recovery turbocharger system. The turbocharger system, coupled to an external air compressor, is driven by the exhaust gases waste heat. The air compressor then compresses additional air that will be injected into the gas turbine compressor discharge and boost the gas turbine power. As the heat recovery system drives the turbocharger with heat recovered from the exhaust gas stream, the power produced by the power generation system increases without decreasing the efficiency. Compressed air injection helps with resorting the missing gas turbine compressor air at high ambient temperatures and thus the compressed air injection is more suitable for gas turbines operating at hot ambient conditions. The paper also investigates utilizing the waste heat recovery turbocharger system at gas turbine part load operation for fuel saving and heat rate improvements. This paper analyzes the gas turbine simple cycle power improvements at different ambient conditions and compressed air injection percentage. The gas turbine power proved to increase by around 2% at 1% air injection and 10% at 5% air injection at high ambient temperatures 30°C, 40°C and 50°C. Furthermore, the gas turbine heat rate improvement landed at 6.5% at 50°C and 5% air injection. This study also compares the waste heat recovery system with other power augmentation technologies, namely the inlet mechanical chiller and the evaporative cooler. Compared to a gas turbine with waste heat recovery turbocharger air injection system at 5% air injection, the electrical chiller system increases the gas turbine heat rate by around 2% assuming chiller COP of 5. The waste heat recovery turbocharger system offers both power augmentation and heat rate improvements for simple cycle gas turbines. Additionally, this system can extend the hot gas path life by lowering the firing temperature without losing power.
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PASSOS, Raiza Argon, Erica Cristina Rocha ROIER, Letícia Patrão de Macedo GOMES, Raquel Varella SERAPIÃO, and Gustavo Mendes GOMES. "EFFECTS OF UTERINE LAVAGE FRACTIONS ON EMBRYO RECOVERY RATE IN MANGALARGA MARCHADOR MARES." In SOUTHERN BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY 2021 INTERNATIONAL VIRTUAL CONFERENCE. DR. D. SCIENTIFIC CONSULTING, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.48141/sbjchem.21scon.32_abstract_argon.pdf.
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Since 1986, the use of embryo transfer has gained prominence in the equine industry, allowing the increase in the number of descendants of genetically superior donors, competition mares, foals, and mares considered subfertile. The success of an embryo transfer program is directly related to the rate of embryonic recovery by mare, which is characterized by the percentage of embryos collected by uterine lavage. However, the recovery rate can be influenced by several factors, type of donor used, age, day of collection, and physical activity. Considering the advancement of biotechnology and the growing need for research in the area of equine embryo transfer, the present work aimed to study in Mangalarga marchador animals the effects of uterine lavage fractions on embryo recovery rates. The present study included 35 mares aged between 3 and 15 years, used as donors of clinically healthy embryos from an equestrian property in the southern region of Rio de Janeiro. Thus, 67 uterine washes were performed, where 67% of the embryos were recovered through different volumes of ringer's solution with sodium lactate. The embryo crops and transfers period was from September 2021 to January 2022. For statistical analysis of the data, the simple logistic regression test was used, where no significant difference (p<0.05) was observed in the embryo indices recovered on total crops (67) regarding fractions (F) 1 (43.2%), (F) 2 (14.9%) and (F) 3 (5.97%). Thefore, it can be concluded that there was no significant difference between the lavage fractions, however, more studies are needed with a larger sample of uterine washing.
Reports on the topic "Percentage Recovery"
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Skog, Ken, James Howard, and Rebecca Westby. Criterion 6, indicator 33 : recovery or recycling of forest products as a percentage of total forest products consumption. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/fpl-rn-0321.
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Skog, Ken, James Howard, and Rebecca Westby. Criterion 6, indicator 33 : recovery or recycling of forest products as a percentage of total forest products consumption. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/fpl-rn-321.
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Chiocchio, Francesco, Jeremy Greenwood, Nezih Guner, and Karen Kopecky. Opioids and Post-COVID Labor-Force Participation. Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland, 2025. https://doi.org/10.26509/frbc-wp-202513.
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At the onset of COVID-19, U.S. labor-force participation dropped by about 3 percentage points and remained below pre-pandemic levels three years later. Recovery varied across states, with slower rebounds in those more affected by the pre-pandemic opioid crisis, as measured by age-adjusted opioid overdose death rates. An event study shows that a one-standard-deviation increase in pre-COVID opioid death rates corresponds to a 0.9 percentage point decline in post-COVID labor participation. The result is not driven by differences in overall health between states. The effect of prior opioid exposure had a more significant impact on individuals without a college degree. The slow recovery in states with more opioid exposure was characterized by an increase in individuals who are not in the labor force due to disability.
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Larrahondo, Cristhian, Augusto Chávez, Laura Giles Álvarez, and Leandro Gaston Andrian. The exchange rate passthrough to domestic prices, new evidence from Colombia. Inter-American Development Bank, 2025. https://doi.org/10.18235/0013378.
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This paper calculates the exchange rate pass through (ERPT) with time constant and time varying coefficients for Colombia between 2006 and 2023. It then estimates the ERPT during four specific depreciation events during the period of analysis: the 2008 financial crisis, the 2014-2016 fall in international fuel prices, the COVID-19 pandemic and the post-COVID recovery. A Bayesian Vector Autoregressive model with exogenous variables (BVARX) model with time constant and time varying coefficients is used for the exercise. The results for time constant coefficients show that a 1 percentage point (p.p.) increase in the depreciation of the exchange rate leads to an increase in imported, producer and consumer inflation of 0.42 p.p., 0.15p.p., and 0.01 p.p. respectively in the first month of the shock. Time varying coefficient results suggest that the nature and the size of the shock result in a heterogeneous ERPT and monetary policy response. Moreover, higher ERPT in imported inflation and producer inflation does not seem translate into higher ERPT in consumer inflation. Further studies could look at: First, the nature of the ERPT on different types of inflation and why this is heterogeneous in a time varying analysis. Second, how the combined effect of different factors in the Colombian economy led to different monetary policy responses in each of the four episodes under analysis.
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Bliss, Desiree, AJ Troyer, Khalid Lodhi, Zhiping Luo, Sangeetha Balabhadra, and Emily Prisaznik. Qualification of Metallic Ions Recovered from Swabbing Unfired Brass Bullet Casings. Florida International University, 2024. https://doi.org/10.25148/gfjcsr.2024.3.
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The presence of metallic ions has been established to inhibit DNA Taq Polymerase, a key component for the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), making amplification challenging when trying to generate a DNA profile of bullet handler transferred DNA, commonly called touch DNA from the unfired bullet casing surface. The goal of this research is to determine the amount of various bivalent cations such as Copper (Cu+2) and Zinc (Zn+2), which are suspected PCR amplification reaction inhibitors. A known concentration (0.1ng/µL) of liquid standardized human DNA, the total amount (1 ng, 3 ng, and 5 ng) was deposited at outlined locations onto the unfired brass ammunition, and the samples were air dried in the clean hood. The deposited DNA was lifted by sterile cotton double swabbing technique, using two (2) different solutions such as Rapid Stain Identification (RSID) kit universal buffer, TE dilution buffer, or deionized water. To determine the quantity (percentage) of various metallic ions recovered from swabbing, the Electron Micro Probe Analyzer (EPMA) technique was utilized to quantify (percentage) various bivalent cations collected from the swabbed samples. Each of the swab samples recovered more Cu+2 ions than Zn+2 ions, though the ratios were variable between solutions. Deionized water was shown to recover more bivalent cations than any other tested solution. Deionized water recovered 6 times more bivalent cations than RSID buffer and 1.6 times more than TE dilution buffer.
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Bolton, Laura. The Economic Impact of COVID-19 in Colombia. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.073.
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Available data provide a picture for the macro-economy of Colombia, agriculture, and infrastructure. Recent data on trends on public procurement were difficult to find within the scope of this rapid review. In 2020, macro-level employment figures show a large drop between February and April when COVID-19 lockdown measures were first introduced, followed by a gradual upward trend. In December 2020, the employment rate was 4.09 percentage points lower than the employment rate in December 2019. Macro-level figures from the National Administrative Department of Statistics (DANE) show that a higher percentage of men experienced job losses than women in November 2020. However, the evidence presented by the Universidad Nacional de Colombia based on the DANE great integrated house survey shows that a higher proportion of all jobs lost were lost by women in the second quarter. It may be that the imbalance shifted over time, but it is not possible to directly compare the data. Evidence suggests that women were disproportionately more burdened by home activities due to the closure of schools and childcare. There is also a suggestion that women who have lost out where jobs able to function during lockdowns with technology are more likely to be held by men. Literature also shows that women have lower levels of technology literacy. There is a lack of reliable data for understanding the economic impacts of COVID-19 for people living with disabilities. A report on the COVID-19 response and disability for the Latin America region recommends improving collaboration between policymakers and non-governmental organisations. Younger people experienced greater job losses. Data for November 2020 show 3.3 percent of the population aged under 25 lost their job compared to 1.8 percent of those employed between 24 and 54. Agriculture, livestock, and fishing increased by 2.8% in 2020 compared to 2019. And the sector as a whole grew 3.4% between the third and fourth quarters of 2020. In terms of sector differences, construction was harder hit by the initial mobility restrictions than agriculture. Construction contracted by 30.5% in the second quarter of 2020. It is making a relatively healthy recovery with reports that 84% of projects being reactivated following return to work. The President of the Colombian Chamber of Construction predicting an 8.4% growth in the construction of housing and other buildings in 2021.
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Grau, Javier, Horacio Terraza, Germán Sturzenegger, Alfredo Rihm, and Diana Milena Rodríguez Velosa. Solid Waste Management in Latin America and the Caribbean. Inter-American Development Bank, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0006297.
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This document is a collection of available data on solid waste management in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). The following bullet points contain a brief description of the most relevant data: The regional average per capita generation of Domestic Solid Waste (DSW) and Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) is 0.6 kg/cap/day and 0.9 kg/cap/day, respectively. DSW represents, on average, 67% of the MSW generated in the region. The MSW regional average collection rate is 89.9% (as a percentage of the population). Compared with a worldwide average of 73.6%, LAC has a high level of coverage, reflecting the priority the region gives to this service. LAC's coverage is higher than that of Africa (46%), South Asia (65%), and the Middle East and Northern Africa (approximately 85%). Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Dominican Republic, Trinidad & Tobago, Uruguay and Venezuela have MSW collection rates close to 100% (universal coverage). About 53% of LAC's population receives 2to-5-days a week waste collection service, 45% daily service and 2% once-a-week service. Separate MSW collection, commonly known as selective collection is still uncommon in the region. However, there are cases like that of Brazil, where 62% of municipalities implement selective MSW collection programs. Average unitary collection costs have been estimated at US$34 per collected ton, with high cost variance between countries. For example, the cost in Argentina is US$54, while in Paraguay is only US$6.6 (a US$47 difference). These variations typically reflect differences associated with the (higher-lower) quality of service. Adequate MSW final disposal coverage (i.e., in landfills) is approximately 55% (as a percentage of the population), which means that there is still a large amount of waste that is not disposed and/or treated adequately (45%). The average final disposal cost is US$20.4 per ton disposed. There is a first group of countries where disposal costs are around US$10 (US$5.6 in Ecuador, US$11.4 in Chile), a second group where it costs around US$20 (US$18.8 in Costa Rica, US$23.3 in Colombia), and then there¿s Brazil, where costs are, on average, considerably higher (US$31.5). In several LAC countries MSW management costs are directly afforded by the municipality. The average cost recovery is 51.6%xii. Municipalities typically use property taxes as the main revenue collection system. This collection mechanism represents 52.1% of the total, followed by direct billing to users, with 20.2%; the electricity bill (15.3%); and the water & sanitation bill (12.4%).
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Brown, Candace, Chudney Williams, Ryan Stephens, Jacqueline Sharp, Bobby Bellflower, and Martinus Zeeman. Medicated-Assisted Treatment and 12-Step Programs: Evaluating the Referral Process. University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21007/con.dnp.2021.0013.
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Purpose/Background Overdose deaths in the U.S. from opioids have dramatically increased since the COVID-19 pandemic. Although medicated-assisted treatment (MAT) programs are widely available for sufferers of opiate addiction, many drop out of treatment prematurely. Twelve-step programs are considered a valuable part of treatment, but few studies have examined the effect of combining these approaches. We aimed to compare abstinence rates among patients receiving MAT who were referred to 12-step programs to those only receiving MAT. Methods In this prospective study, a cohort of participants from a MAT clinic agreeing to attend a 12-step program was compared to 15 controls selected from a database before project implementation. Eligible participants were diagnosed with OUD, receiving buprenorphine (opiate agonist), and at least 18. Participants were provided with temporary sponsors to attend Narcotics Anonymous, Alcoholics Anonymous, and Medication-Assisted Recovery meetings together. The primary endpoint was the change in positive opiate urine drug screens over 6 months between participants and controls. Results Between March 29, 2021, and April 16, 2021, 166 patients were scheduled at the clinic. Of those scheduled, 146 were established patients, and 123 were scheduled for face-to-face visits. Of these, 64 appeared for the appointment, 6 were screened, and 3 were enrolled. None of the participants attended a 12-step meeting. Enrollment barriers included excluding new patients and those attending virtual visits, the high percentage of patients who missed appointments, and lack of staff referrals. The low incidence of referrals was due to time constraints by both staff and patients. Implications for Nursing Practice Low enrollment limited our ability to determine whether combining medication management with a 12-step program improves abstinence. Failure to keep appointments is common among patients with OUD, and virtual meetings are becoming more prevalent post-COVID. Although these factors are unlikely to be controllable, developing strategies to expedite the enrollment process for staff and patients could hasten recruitment.
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Sokol, José Benjamín. Revisión de los Shocks en la Economía. USMA, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37387/ipc.v11i1.345.
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The Panamanian economy performed spectacularly starting in 1989, growing at an average real rate of 6% per year for thirty years. It was the highest registered in the Latin American Region and one of the highest globally. In addition, important achievements were obtained that were not achieved in other countries inside and outside the region. The middle class expanded and strengthened. The general poverty level fell from 37.9% in 2000 to 21.5% in 2019, and the extreme poverty level from 21.9% to 10.0%, mainly due to transfers from low-income households. Income inequalities improved by reducing the GINI coefficient from 56.6% in 2000 to 49.8% in 2019, although these were high concerning other Latin American countries. As a result, Panama entered the group of countries classified as high-income by the World Bank. Plus, the economy has recently been hit hard by the Covid-19 pandemic—this immobilized economic activity due to the high population. Density and contagion in the metropolitan area caused by overcrowding in low-income neighborhoods extend its destructive impact on the rest of the country. This required reducing and temporarily closing commercial, service, and production activities. These actions caused a sharp drop in GDP and GDP per capita, the largest in the region and one of the largest in percentage terms globally, a sharp contraction of imports, a rapid expansion of unemployment, a collapse in tax revenues, financial difficulties in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), and a loss of income in low-income and informal groups, and in those of the middle class with suspended employment contracts. A post-Covid-19 growth recovery should not be defined as a return to pre-pandemic levels of economic activity likely to external shocks but as a turning point towards more productive, shock-resistant, and inclusive growth patterns. Growth will happen, although it could be slow and gradual initially. A significant part of daily economic activity operates in a consumer economy environment. At this juncture, it will be essential for consumers to secure their income to maintain a standard spending rate in a context in which the pandemic's adverse impact on Panamanians' health is diminishing.
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van Gemert, Rob, Per Holliland, Konrad Karlsson, Niklas Sjöberg, and Torbjörn Säterberg. Assessment of the eel stock in Sweden, spring 2024 : fifth post-evaluation of the Swedish eel management. Department of Aquatic Resources, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.54612/a.4iseib7eup.
Full textAbstract:
For decades, the population of the European eel has been in severe decline. In 2007, the European Union decided on a Regulation establishing measures for the recovery of the stock, which obliged Member States to implement a national Eel Management Plan by 2009. Sweden submitted its plan in 2008. According to the Regulation, Member States shall report regularly to the EU-Commission, on the implementation of their Eel Management Plans and the progress achieved in protection and restoration. The current report provides an assessment of the eel stock in Sweden as of spring 2024, intending to feed into the national reporting to the EU in August this year. This report updates and extends previous evaluation reports by Dekker (2012, 2015) and Dekker et al. (2018, 2021). In this report, the impacts on the stock - of fishing, restocking and mortality related to hydropower generation - are assessed. Other anthropogenic impacts (climate change, pollution, increased impacts of predators, spread of parasites, disruption of migration due to disorientation after transport, and so forth) probably have an impact on the stock too, but these factors are hardly quantifiable, and no management targets have been set. For that reason, and because most factors were not included in the EU Eel Regulation, these other factors are not included in this report. Our focus is on the quantification of silver eel biomass escaping from continental waters towards the ocean (current, current potential and pristine) and mortality risks endured by those eels during their whole lifetime. The assessment is broken down on a geographical basis, with different impacts dominating in different areas (west coast, inland waters, Baltic coast). In the last decade, a break in the downward trend in glass eel recruitment has been observed, with recruitment no longer declining consistently. Whether that relates to recent protective actions, or is due to other factors, is yet unclear. Nevertheless, recruitment levels remain at historically low levels. This report contributes to the required international assessment, but does not discuss the causing factors behind the recent recruitment trend and the overall status of the stock across Europe. For the different assessment areas, results summarise as follows: On the west coast, a commercial fyke net fishery on yellow eel was exploiting the stock, until this fishery was completely closed in spring 2012. A fishery-based assessment no longer being achievable, we present trends from research surveys (fyke nets). Insufficient information is currently available to assess the recovery of the stock in absolute terms. Obviously, current fishing mortality is zero (disregarding the currently unquantifiable effect of illegal fishing), but none of the other requested stock indicators (current, current potential and pristine biomass) can be presented. The formerly exploited size-classes of the stock show a recovery in abundance after the closure of the commercial fishery, and the smaller size classes show a break in their decline in line with the recent global trend of glass eel recruitment. In order to support the recovery of the stock, or to compensate for anthropogenic mortality in inland waters, young eel has been restocked on the Swedish west coast since 2010. Noting the quantity of restocking involved, the expected effect (ca. 50 t silver eel) is relatively small, and hard to verify – in comparison to the potential natural stock on the west coast (an order of 1000 t). However, for the currently depleted stock, the contribution will likely constitute a larger share of silver eel escapement. For inland waters, this report updates the 2021 assessment, with substantial changes in methodology being the use of a new natural recruitment model, and the full separation of Trap & Transport catches from the fisheries statistics. The assessment for the inland waters relies on a reconstruction of the stock from information on the youngest eels in our waters (natural recruits, assisted migration, restocking). Based on 78 years of data on natural recruitment into 22 rivers, a statistical model is applied which relates the number of immigrating young eel caught in traps to the location and size of each river, the distance from the trap to the river mouth, and the year in which those eels recruited to continental waters as a glass eel (year class). The further into the Baltic, the larger and less numerous recruits generally are. Distance upstream comes with less numerous recruits. Using the results from the above recruitment analysis, in combination with historical data on assisted migration (young eels transported upstream within a drainage area, across barriers) and restocking (young eels imported into a river system), we have a complete overview of how many young eels recruited to Swedish inland waters. From this, the production of fully grown silver eel is estimated for every lake and year separately, based on best estimates of growth and natural mortality rates. Subtracting the catch made by the fishery (as recorded) and down-sizing for the mortality incurred when passing hydropower stations (percentwise, as recorded or using a default percentage), an estimate of the biomass of silver eel escaping from each river towards the sea is derived. Results indicate, that since 1960, the production of silver eel in inland waters has declined from over 700 to below 300 tonnes per year (t/yr). The production of naturally recruited eels is still falling; following the increase in restocking since 2010, an increase in restocking-based production is expected to be starting right around now. Gradually, restocking has replaced natural recruitment (assisted and fully natural), now making up over 90 % of the inland stock. Fisheries have taken 20-30 % of the silver eel (since the mid-1980s), while the impact of hydropower has ranged from 25 % to 60 %, depending on the year. Escapement is estimated to have varied from 72 t in the late 1990s, to 175 t in the early 2000s. The biomass of current escapement (including eels of restocked origin) is approximately 15 % of the pristine level (incl. restocked), or almost 30 % of the current potential biomass (incl. restocked). This is below the 40 % biomass limit of the Eel Regulation, and anthropogenic mortality (70 % over the entire life span in continental waters) exceeds the limit implied in the Eel Regulation (60 % mortality, the complement of 40 % survival). Mortality being that high, Swedish inland waters currently do not contribute to the recovery of the stock. The temporal variation (in production, impacts and escapement) is partly the consequence of a differential spatial distribution of the restocking of eel over the years. The original natural (not assisted) recruits were far less impacted by hydropower, since they could not climb the hydropower dams when immigrating. Since 2010, inland restocking is increasingly concentrated to drainage areas falling to the Kattegat-Skagerrak, also including obstructed lakes (primarily Lake Vänern, and many smaller ones). Even though Trap & Transport of silver eel - from above barriers towards the sea - has contributed to reducing the hydropower impact, hydropower mortality remains the largest estimated contributor to silver eel mortality in inland waters. Without restocking, the biomass affected by fishery and/or hydropower would be only 5-10 % of the currently impacted biomass, but the stock abundance would reduce from 15 % to less than 3 % of the pristine biomass. In summary: the inland eel stock biomass is below the minimum target, anthropogenic impacts exceed the minimum limit that would allow recovery, and those impacts have been increasing. It is therefore recommended to reconsider the current action plans on inland waters, taking into account the results of the current, comprehensive assessment. For the Baltic coast, the 2021 assessment has been updated without major changes in methodology. Results indicate that the impact of the fishery continues to decline over the decades. The current impact of the Swedish silver eel fishery on the escapement of silver eel along the Baltic Sea coast is estimated at 0.3 %. However, this fishery is just one of the anthropogenic impacts (in other areas/countries) affecting the eel stock in the Baltic, including all types of impacts, on all life stages and all habitats anywhere in the Baltic. Integration with the assessments in other countries has not been achieved. Current estimates of the abundance of silver eel (biomass) indicates an order of several thousand tonnes, but those estimates are extremely uncertain, due to the low impact of the fishery (near-zero statistics). Moreover, these do not take into account the origin of those silver eels, from other countries. An integrated assessment for the whole Baltic will be required to ground-truth these estimates. This would also bring the eel assessments in line with the policy to regionalise stock assessments for other (commercial) fish species (see https://ec.europa.eu/oceans-and-fisheries/fisheries/rules/multiannual-plans_en). It is recommended to develop an integrated assessment for the entire Baltic Sea eel stock, and to coordinate protective measures with other range states.