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1
Aslam, Muhammad Adnan. "Does the Percentage of Investment Grades Given by Rating Agencies Impact their Market Share?" Financial Markets, Institutions and Risks 4, no. 1 (2020): 5–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/fmir.4(1).5-31.2020.
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The credit rating industry has controlled by three core credit rating agencies; Fitch, Moody’s, and S&P that are contributing to financial markets by providing reliable and transparent credit rating information on which stakeholders can rely. These key players could manipulate this information by allocating high percentages of quality ratings just for the sake of increasing their market shares. This research is conducting to examine the impact of assigning the percentage of investment grades given by CRA’s on their market share. This research will attain following objectives: firstly, to identify quality ratings assigned for each set of top banks from UK & USA and categories them yearly; secondly, to examine their market share on the basis of percentage of IG grade given; thirdly, to access the modeling and impacts of the financial crisis on the market share of CRA’s; finally, to determine the relationship between CRA’s market share and percentage of IG given. This research gives a detailed analysis of the percentage of IG assigned by CRA’s and their market share which consists of general analysis and econometric analysis. Moreover, the research methodology is a quantitative method for achieving all research objectives. For general analysis, we make a comparative study to find the impacts of high-quality ratings against their market share and evaluate the growth rate in their market share. Whereas, for econometrics analysis, we regress the market share of CRA’s against the percentage of investment grades given and use lagged variables to understand the changes in market share. Besides, this allows us to find the relationship between CRA’s and the percentage of IG given. Hence, the results from both analyses have exposed that there is a positive correlation between CRA’s market share and the percentage of IG given. It is revealed that there is an increase in the market share of CRA’s on assigning a high percentage of IG given by CRA’s and a negative growth rate shown in market share for those years in which they allocate less number of quality ratings. However, due to financial crisis and adjustment in credit rating standards, there is a general fall in the number of ratings assigned by CRA’s which very influences their market share. Keywords: investment grades; market share; credit rating agencies; financial crisis; modeling of banks ratings.
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Kusuma Negara, Iwan, and Winda Paramitha. "ANALISIS PENGARUH JUMLAH SAHAM BEREDAR, HARGA SAHAM DAN PERSENTASE SAHAM PUBLIK TERHADAP LIKUIDITAS SAHAM PADA PERUSAHAAN MANUFAKTUR SUB SEKTOR INDUSTRI MAKANAN DAN MINUMAN YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA." Distribusi - Journal of Management and Business 5, no. 2 (2018): 25–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/jdm.v5i2.24.
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ABSTRACTThis research aims to analyze the influence of the number of shares outstanding, share price, and percentage of public shares on stock liquidity of food and beverage manufacturing companies listed on Indonesian Stock Exchange in the period of 2010-2015. Type of research used is associative research with quantitative approach. The sampling technique is using purposive sampling. The analytical tool used multiple linear regression analysis where previously tested the classical assumption. The result of this research indicates that partially the number of shares outstanding has positive and significant influence on stock liquidity. While share price, and percentage of public shares partially have positive influence not significant on stock liquidity. The value of adjusted R square shows that the number of shares outstanding, share price, and percentage of public shares are able to explain the stock liquidity equals to 64.8 per cent. Another finding in this research shows that the number of outstanding shares has the most dominant influence on stock liquidity.Keywords: Number of shares outstanding, share price, percentage of public shares, and stock liquidity.
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Kusuma Negara, Iwan, and Winda Paramitha. "ANALISIS PENGARUH JUMLAH SAHAM BEREDAR, HARGA SAHAM DAN PERSENTASE SAHAM PUBLIK TERHADAP LIKUIDITAS SAHAM PADA PERUSAHAAN MANUFAKTUR SUB SEKTOR INDUSTRI MAKANAN DAN MINUMAN YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA." Distribusi - Journal of Management and Business 5, no. 2 (2018): 25–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/distribusi.v5i2.24.
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ABSTRACTThis research aims to analyze the influence of the number of shares outstanding, share price, and percentage of public shares on stock liquidity of food and beverage manufacturing companies listed on Indonesian Stock Exchange in the period of 2010-2015. Type of research used is associative research with quantitative approach. The sampling technique is using purposive sampling. The analytical tool used multiple linear regression analysis where previously tested the classical assumption. The result of this research indicates that partially the number of shares outstanding has positive and significant influence on stock liquidity. While share price, and percentage of public shares partially have positive influence not significant on stock liquidity. The value of adjusted R square shows that the number of shares outstanding, share price, and percentage of public shares are able to explain the stock liquidity equals to 64.8 per cent. Another finding in this research shows that the number of outstanding shares has the most dominant influence on stock liquidity.Keywords: Number of shares outstanding, share price, percentage of public shares, and stock liquidity.
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Arestis, Philips, Jesús Ferreiro, and Carmen Gómez. "Labour market flexibilization and income distribution in Europe." Panoeconomicus 68, no. 2 (2021): 167–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/pan2102167a.
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This paper analyses the role played by the flexibilization of labour markets on functional income distribution. Specifically, we analyse whether employment protection legislation affects the evolution of labour income share, measured by the size of compensation of employees as a percentage of GDP, the sum of wages and salaries as a percentage of GDP and the size of the adjusted wage share, in twenty European economies. Our study?s results show that the evolution of labour income share is explained by the economic growth, the growth of employment and unemployment rates, and the growth of real wages. Regarding the role played by the flexibility of the labour market, and specifically of the employment protection legislation, only employment protection for temporary workers has a significant impact on the evolution of labour shares. Our results show that stricter provisions on the use of fixed-term and temporary agency contracts have a positive impact on the growth of labour shares.
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I Kadek Gillang Nugraha Rianttara and I Gusti Agung Krisna Lestari. "PENGARUH PERSENTASE SAHAM DITAWARKAN, PROFITABILITAS, DAN EARNING PER SHARE TERHADAP UNDERPRICING PADA PERUSAHAAN IPO DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA TAHUN 2017-2018." Journal Research of Accounting 2, no. 1 (2020): 93–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.51713/jarac.v2i1.26.
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Various ways can be done by a company in fulfilling capital needs to make the company grow, one of the ways to do is to sell shares to the public which is usually often called by conducting an IPO (initial public offering). Generally, when this offer is made, there is often an underpricing phenomenon, underpricing is there a situation when the initial stock price is lower than when the stock price is currently on the secondary market. This study aims to determine the effect of the percentage of shares offered, profitability, and earnings per share on underpricing of IPO companies on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2017-2018. The population in this study are listed companies doing an IPO in the 2017-2018 period on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). The method used in this research is purposive sampling by collecting a total sample of 61 companies. The data used in this study are secondary data obtained from the company's prospectus. The results of this study indicate that the percentage of shares offered has a positive effect on underpricing, profitability has no effect on underpricing, and earnings per share has a negative effect on underpricing. The results of the coefficient of determination (Adjusted R Square) of 0.290, this shows that the contribution of the influence of the independent variable, namely the percentage of shares offered, profitability, and earnings per share is 29% and the remaining 71% is influenced by other factors not examined in the study this.
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Hoque, Sayema. "Relationship between market share and profitability: A study on Islamic banks of Bangladesh." IIUC Business Review 9, no. 1 (2022): 103–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/iiucbr.v9i1.62185.
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This study is conducted to examine the effects of market share on profitability. A panel data covering 8 full-fledged Islamic banks of Bangladesh and the period 2011-2020 is used for the analysis. Based on Hausman test, random effects model is chosen to estimate the effects of market share. Market share is represented in terms of asset as well as deposit. To measure profitability, return on equity is used. Investment is used as control variable. Time dummies are also used to account for time effects. Findings suggest that one percentage point increase in market share in terms of asset leads to 3.73 percentage points increase in ROE. Besides, if market share in terms of deposit increases by one percentage point, ROE increases by 3.14 percentage points. Based on these findings, Islamic banks of Bangladesh should consider increase in market share as one of the effective ways to enhance profitability. IIUC Business Review Vol. 9, Dec. 2020 pp. 103-110
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Roy Alpinus Ginting, Lamria Simamora, M. Ichsan Diarsyad, Sri Yuni, Agus Kubertein, and Iwan Christian. "Pengaruh Persentase Saham Dan Akuntansi Konservatisme Terhadap Relevansi Nilai Laporan Keuangan Dengan Kualitas Laba Sebagai Variabel Moderasi." OPTIMAL Jurnal Ekonomi dan Manajemen 3, no. 3 (2023): 102–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.55606/optimal.v3i3.1807.
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This study aims to determine the effect of share percentage, accounting conservatism, the interaction of earnings quality and share percentage on value relevance and the interaction of earnings quality and accounting conservatism on value relevance in manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2019-2021. The number of manufacturing companies used as samples in this study were 96 companies after going through the purposive sampling method. The results showed that partially the variable percentage of shares has no effect on value relevance, accounting conservatism has no effect on value relevance, earnings quality interactions are proven to be unable to moderate the relationship between share percentage to value relevance and earnings quality interactions are proven to be unable to moderate the relationship between accounting conservatism and relevance. Companies are expected to see the importance of other factors that can increase the relevance of the value of financial statements optimally. For investors, it is hoped that this can be used as input in making investment decisions in the future, before deciding to invest in the company. For further research, it is hoped that by adding other variables that might be able to predict the value relevance of financial statements even better.
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Erly Nur Awalia, Sugiyanto, and Endang Ruhiyat. "SHARE OFFERING PERCENTAGE MODERATES THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN UNDERWRITER'S REPUTATION, LEVERAGE AND AUDITOR'S REPUTATION WITH UNDERPRISING." International Journal of Accounting, Management, Economics and Social Sciences (IJAMESC) 3, no. 1 (2025): 158–78. https://doi.org/10.61990/ijamesc.v3i1.426.
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Underpricing is formed by a condition where on average the initial share price is lower than the share price in the secondary market. The aim of this research is to test and analyze the influence of underwriter reputation, leverage and auditor reputation on the occurrence of underpricing moderated by the share offering percentage. The type of data used is secondary data from companies conducting an IPO on the Indonesian Stock Exchange. The population of this research are companies that experienced underpricing during their initial public offering. The sample for this research was taken using a purposive sampling technique, resulting in sample data of 169 companies. The analytical methods used are statistical analysis, classical assumption testing, hypothesis testing, and moderating regression analysis assisted by the EViews12 program. The results of this study show that underwriter reputation, leverage, auditor reputation have effect on underpricing, the share offering percentage moderate underwriter reputation, leverage, auditor reputation and underpricing.
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Murali, N* and Jayanta Hazarika**. "GROWTH IN AREA AND PRODUCTION OF SERICULTURE IN NORTH-EASTERN STATES-A SPECIAL REFERENCE TO ASSAM." Multilogic in Science XIII, no. XXXXVI (2023): 683–86. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7852957.
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The sericulture industry provides sustainable income for the rural people and generates higher income; and provides employment to both skilled and unskilled labor (Lakshman et al,.1998). The North Eastern India contributes about 99 per cent of total production of Muga in the country and designated as world monopoly for the golden yellow muga silk. However, there is a lot demand for the non-mulberry silk outside the India. This study aims to examine the share of various North Eastern states in area and production of sericulture, district-wise share in Assam using secondary data relating to area and production of cocoon and raw silk like Eri, Muga and Mulberry for the period from 2001-02 to 2015-16. The share of North-eastern states in India’s total area under mulberry and total raw silk production was increased significantly during the study period. Assam and Manipur were the leading states contributing to the increase in area under mulberry and raw silk production of North-Eastern states. The growth rate of area under Eri and Muga silk were 1.96 percent and 1.64 percent respectively but found negative for Mulberry silk (-0.43%) for state as a whole. In most of the districts of Assam, growth rates were positive and significant for area under Eri and Muga. Growth in raw silk production was higher in Eri (14.77%) followed by Mulberry (7.81%) and Muga (2.59%) in the state.
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Gooding, Chase, and E. Frank Stephenson. "On business short-termism: the case of CVS’s discontinuing tobacco sales." Journal of Entrepreneurship and Public Policy 7, no. 2 (2018): 161–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jepp-d-18-00001.
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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the effect of CVS’s decision to stop tobacco sales on the company’s share price.Design/methodology/approachThe paper uses event study methodology to examine the same day effect of CVS’s announcement and the one-year later effect of CVS’s announcement. Competing pharmacy retail chains’ stock performance is included for comparison purposes.FindingsCVS’s shares fell by about one percentage point on the day of the company’s announcement while competitors’ share prices increased. A year later, however, CVS’s share price had increased by about twice as much as competitors’ share prices.Originality/valueThe finding that a company can make a decision that harms its short-run share price in exchange for a long-run share appreciation suggests that short-termism may not be as significant a concern as some critics of corporate management suggest.
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Rachmawati, Lia, and Muhammad Rijalus Sholihin. "Analysis of Underpricing Levels in Initial Public Offering Companies on the Indonesia Stock Exchange." PROCEEDING INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ECONOMICS, BUSINESS AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY (ICEBIT) 4 (July 15, 2023): 767–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.31967/prmandala.v4i0.820.
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If a company wants to go public, it will conduct an Initial Public Offering (IPO) first. The share price at the time of the IPO is predetermined by agreement from issuers and underwriters while when in the secondary market the share price is determined by a market mechanism for the demand and supply that occurs in the market. During an IPO the phenomenon of Underpricing can occur. Because Underpricing is a condition when the stock price in the primary market is lower than in the secondary market. This study aims to determine the effect of Financial Leverage, Market Conditions, Share Offering Percentage, and earnings per share on underpricing. The population used in this study is companies that IPO on the IDX for the 2017-2021 period, namely 247 companies listed. Sample determination uses a purposive sampling technique and there are 20 samples that match these criteria. The results of this study show that partially Financial Leverage, Market Conditions, and earnings per share affect Underpricing while Share Offering Percentage has no effect on Underpricing. Simultaneously, Financial Leverage, Market Condition, Share Offering Percentage, and earnings per share affect Underpricing.s.
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Wantoch-Rekowski, Jacek, and Małgorzata Cilak. "The share of corporate income tax as revenue of a provincial self-government and the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic." Ekonomia i Prawo 20, no. 2 (2021): 439–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/eip.2021.027.
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Motivation: The paper addresses the issue of shares in corporate income tax (CIT) as revenue for the budgets of provincial governments. A study of the formation of revenues from this source in relation to total revenues in 2019–2021 was carried out, resulting in the observation that amongst the provinces a wide disparity exists in terms of the importance of CIT shares as a source of revenue. In most provinces, the percentage ratios of the size of CIT shares planned for 2021 in the structure of total revenue decreased compared with 2019. The study made it possible to advance a thesis on the possible impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the decline in provincial revenue from CIT shares, as well as to confirm views criticizing certain features of CIT shares, such as their lack of stability or the lack of influence of provincial governments on the shaping of this source of revenue. Shares in CIT formally constitute the provinces’ own revenue, but in practice they are funds transferred from the state budget. Income taxes in Poland are the revenue of the state, which has an exclusive influence on the normative shape of these taxes and the implementation of the regulations concerning them. The province, as a beneficiary of the CIT share, has no influence on this income. In view of the fact that in some provinces CIT revenue as a share of total revenue exceeds 40%, a problem arises in the event of a decrease in the revenue from this tax to the state budget, and consequently to the provincial budgets. The COVID-19 pandemic and the economic crisis caused by it result, inter alia, in a decrease in revenues from income taxes, which is reflected in provincial budgets.
 Aim: The aim of the article is to determine whether and to what extent the COVID-19 pandemic affected the revenues of self-governing voivodships from CIT shares. The authors also indicated solutions aimed at mitigating the negative consequences for provinces of the drop in revenues from CIT shares.
 Results: The research carried out on revenues to the budgets of provincial local governments from the CIT share indicates that in 2021, 11 out of 16 provinces will have a lower percentage share of this income in the structure of all their revenues when compared to 2019.
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Purwanti, Asih Tugi, Marhaendra Kusuma, and Rike Selviasari. "Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Atribusi Laba Dan Ekuitas Perusahaan Food And Beverage Di Indonesia." JCA (Jurnal Cendekia Akuntansi) 4, no. 2 (2023): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.32503/akuntansi.v4i2.4286.
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Since PSAK has converged with IFRS, the contents of the income statement format are not only net income, but also other comprehensive income and attribution of profit. The latest statement of financial position contains additional information, namely equity attributable to owners of the parent entity and non-controlling interests. The aim of this research is to provide evidence from observations and discovery of the factors behind the profit and equity values attributed to owners. The population is 27 companies in the food & beverage sub-sector. A sample of 16 companies, with 48 observational data. The findings of the investigation prove that profitability has a positive effect on profits attributable to owners of the parent entity, while the percentage of controlling share ownership and the percentage of non-controlling share ownership has a negative effect on profits attributed to owners of the parent entity. The number of subsidiaries has a positive effect on profits attributable to non-controlling interests, while the percentage of controlling share ownership as well as the percentage of non-controlling share ownership has a negative effect on profits and equity attributable to non-controlling interests. Net sales have a positive effect on equity attributable to the parent entity, while profitability, operating cash flow, percentage of controlling share ownership, percentage of non-controlling share ownership, company size, and number of subsidiaries have no effect on equity attributable to owners of the parent entity. The number of subsidiaries has a positive effect on equity attributable to non-controlling interests, while net sales, operating cash flow, and company size have a negative effect on equity attributable to non-controlling interests
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Gorton, Gary, Stefan Lewellen, and Andrew Metrick. "The Safe-Asset Share." American Economic Review 102, no. 3 (2012): 101–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.102.3.101.
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We document that the percentage of all U.S. assets that are “safe” has remained stable at about 33 percent since 1952. This stable ratio is a rare example of calm in a rapidly changing financial world. Over the same time period, the ratio of U.S. assets to GDP has increased by a factor of 2.5, and the main supplier of safe financial debt has shifted from commercial banks to the “shadow banking system.” We analyze this pattern of stylized facts and offer some tentative conclusions about the composition of the safe-asset share and its role within the overall economy.
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Gürsoy, S., and C. Özaalan. "Effects of the share types of an inter-row cultivator at different working depths on weed control and plant growth in cotton production." Agricultural Science and Technology 15, no. 4 (2023): 45–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.15547/ast.2023.04.038.
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Abstract. Different share types of tine type inter-row cultivator are used to remove the weeds and loosen the soil surface between the rows during the first true leaf stage of cotton. The efficiency of these shares can be changed by soil properties and working parameters. Therefore, this study evaluated the effects of different share geometries for a tine inter-row cultivator on weed control and plant growth parameters at three different working depths (100, 150 and 200 mm) and a constant working speed (5.4 km h-1) under cotton planted field conditions. Measurements included the weeding efficiency within row and between rows, the percentage of damaged plants, root dry weight, shoot dry weight, NDVI (Normalized difference vegetation index), SPAD (the relative content of chlorophyll) values and seed cotton yield. The results indicated that the inter-row cultivation at the first true leaf stage of cotton significantly increased the plant growth parameters (root dry weight, shoot dry weight, NDVI, SPAD) and seed cotton yield. The share types had a strong effect on the weeding efficiency and the percentage of damaged plants. The increased working depth increased the weeding efficiency, plant growth parameters and seed cotton yield, but also significantly increased the percentage of damaged plants. Overall, the results from this study suggest that the inter-row cultivation during the early stage of cotton will be an effective approach in improving the weed control and the plant growth in cotton production. These outcomes depend on the share type and working depth of the tine type inter-row cultivator.
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Tity, Hastuti, Nuraini Feby, Suyono Akhmad, Yuliani Sri, and Hartanto Dicki. "Implementation of Think-Pair-Share (TPS) Cooperative Learning Model to Improve the Economic Learning Achievements." Education Quarterly Reviews 2, no. 1 (2019): 135–43. https://doi.org/10.31014/aior.1993.02.01.46.
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The aim of the research was to determine the improvement in economic learning achievements of senior high school students in Pekanbaru, Indonesia through the application of the cooperative learning model of the think-pair-share type with comic media. This research was conducted from July 19 to August 7, 2017. The subjects of this study were 36 students consisting of 16 male students and 20 female students. This was a classroom action research (PTK) with 2 cycles. The data collection technique was done by giving a final test at the end of each cycle and to observe the activities of students and teachers during the learning process using observation sheets. The data were analyzed descriptively. The findings concluded that the cooperative learning model of think-pair-share type could improve the students' economic learning achievements. The improvements could be found in the first cycle with an average percentage of 86% and 83% with classical mastery, then this improved more in the second cycle with an average percentage of 90% and with classical mastery of 94%. The teacher activity in the first cycle is quite perfect criteria with the percentage of 17, 5% and increased in the second cycle with perfect criteria with the percentage of 23, 3%. Then the increase in student activity in the first cycle was 82, 5% and increased in the second cycle by 95, 5%. From the above findings, it can be concluded that the application of the cooperative model of think-pair-share type along with comic media can improve economic learning achievements.
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Chu, Yongqiang, and Timothy Riddiough. "Percentage Rents and Stand-Alone Property: Share Contracting as a Barrier to Entry." Journal of Real Estate Research 36, no. 1 (2014): 1–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10835547.2014.12091384.
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Khan, Ruby, and Ghousia Nasreen. "Asia's Leading Percentage Share of Global GDP (2000-2022): Trends, Drivers, and Implications." Asian Journal of Economics, Business and Accounting 24, no. 3 (2024): 112–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajeba/2024/v24i31245.
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This study explores the intricate correlation between Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and exports in the top ten Asian economies from 2000 to 2022. Employing a quantitative research approach, the investigation utilizes extensive secondary data to discern patterns and dynamics impacting economic output within international trade. The analysis presents statistically significant connection between export potential and GDP across the sampled countries. According to the study, Asia's percentage share of global GDP has been growing steadily since 2000, indicating sustained economic growth in the region. Factors such as economic reforms, globalization, and technological advancements emerge as pivotal contributors to Asia's evolving role in the global economic landscape. Acknowledging limitations, including presumptions of a linear relationship and the exclusion of country-specific contextual factors, underscores the necessity for prudent interpretation. By amalgamating these findings with a comprehensive research methodology encompassing data collection, statistical analyses, and hypothesis testing, this study furnishes a holistic understanding of the multifaceted interactions shaping the economic trajectories of these nations.
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Mina Olivia Rahayu and Triyono. "Analisis Determinan Underpricing Saham pada Perusahaan yang Tercatat Melakukan IPO di IDX 2021-2023." Al-Kharaj: Jurnal Ekonomi, Keuangan & Bisnis Syariah 6, no. 11 (2024): 8550–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.47467/alkharaj.v6i11.5802.
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This study aims to determine the effect of current ratio, debt to equity ratio, return on assets, earnings per share, underwriter,and share offering percentage on stock underpricing during initial public offering (IPO) on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). This study uses a quantitative approach, using secondary data. The population of this study includes all companies that conducted initial public offerings on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2021-2023. Research samples using purposive sampling. Data analysis using Logistic regression analysis. The results showed that the current ratio, earnings per share, underwriter, share offering percentage significantly affect the stock underpricing, while the variable debt to equity ratio, return on does not affect the stock underpricing
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Kehrig, Matthias, and Nicolas Vincent. "The Micro-Level Anatomy of the Labor Share Decline*." Quarterly Journal of Economics 136, no. 2 (2021): 1031–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/qje/qjab002.
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Abstract The labor share in U.S. manufacturing declined from 61% in 1967 to 41% in 2012. The labor share of the typical U.S. manufacturing establishment, in contrast, rose by over 3 percentage points during the same period. Using micro-level data, we document five salient facts: (i) since the 1980s, there has been a dramatic reallocation of value added toward the lower end of the labor share distribution; (ii) this aggregate reallocation is not due to entry/exit, to “superstars” growing faster, or to large establishments lowering their labor shares, but is instead due to units whose labor share fell as they grew in size; (iii) low labor share (LL) establishments benefit from high revenue labor productivity, not low wages; (iv) they also enjoy a product price premium relative to their peers; and (v) they have only temporarily lower labor shares that rebound after five to eight years. This transient pattern has become more pronounced over time, and the dynamics of value added and employment are increasingly disconnected. Taken together, we interpret these facts as pointing to a significant role for demand-side forces.
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Maurer, Stephan E. "Voting Behavior and Public Employment in Nazi Germany." Journal of Economic History 78, no. 1 (2018): 1–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022050718000037.
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This article analyzes whether the German National Socialists used economic policies to reward their voters after coming to power in 1933. Using newly-collected data on public employment from the German censuses in 1925, 1933, and 1939 and addressing the potential endogeneity of the NSDAP vote share in 1933 by way of an instrumental variables strategy based on a similar party in Imperial Germany, I find that cities with higher NSDAP vote shares experienced a relative increase in public employment: for every additional percentage point in the vote share, the number of public employment jobs increased by around 2.5 percent.
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Girardi, Daniele, and Riccardo Pariboni. "Autonomous demand and the investment share." Review of Keynesian Economics 8, no. 3 (2020): 428–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4337/roke.2020.03.07.
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This paper looks at the effect of demand shocks on the investment share of the economy. Using panel data on 20 OECD countries, we show that the rate of growth of autonomous demand (exports, public spending, and housing investment) is positively correlated with subsequent values of the share of business investment in GDP. By means of an instrumental-variables (IV) strategy, we confirm a positive effect of demand dynamics on the business investment share. We instrument autonomous demand with (i) US demand for imports interacted with exposure to trade with the US, (ii) openness to trade of a country's main export destinations, and (iii) military spending. A permanent 1-percentage-point increase in autonomous-demand growth raises the investment share by 1.5 to 1.9 percentage points of GDP in our preferred panel IV specification. Our results provide empirical support for the view that the influence of aggregate demand on capital accumulation can be a major source of hysteresis. Our results are inconsistent with the canonical New Keynesian three-equations model, the Neo-Kaleckian model with flexible equilibrium utilization, and Classical–Marxian growth models. A positive influence of autonomous demand on the investment share is instead compatible with demand-led models in which capacity adjusts to demand in the long run.
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Koning, Rembrand, Sampsa Samila, and John-Paul Ferguson. "Inventor Gender and the Direction of Invention." AEA Papers and Proceedings 110 (May 1, 2020): 250–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/pandp.20201045.
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We study whether increasing the share of female inventors leads to more biomedical inventions that focus on the needs of women. After accounting for detailed disease-technology, disease-year, and technology-year fixed effects, we find that a 10 percentage point increase in the share of female inventors in a research area yields 1.2 percentage points more female-focused patents. Notably, this effect only holds for female-led invention teams. Areas with a greater share of female inventors in supporting roles do not produce more female-focused inventions. For gender to impact the direction of invention, it appears that women must occupy positions of power.
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Nurhayati, Fitria, and Susti Rahmah Yulita. "Upaya Meningkatkan Aktivitas dan Hasil Belajar Siswa Melalui Model Kooperatif Tipe Think Pair Share dengan Permainan Puzzle Kebersamaan Pada Pembelajaran Tematik di Kelas IIB SD Negeri 20 Kota Bengkulu." Journal of Mathematics Learning 1, no. 1 (2018): 13–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.30653/004.201811.2.
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The study aims to improve the activity and learning outcomes of students using the Think Pair Share Cooperative Share model with a puzzle game togetherness on thematic learning. Classroom Action Research, implemented two cycles. Instruments used were observation sheets and test sheets. The test data were analyzed by using the average formula and the percentage of learning mastery, on the affective and psychomotor observations using the affective and psychomotor percentage formula, the observational data using the average formula score and value range. The result of research are: (1) cycle I score of activity of teacher 34 with good category, student activity score 33,75 with good category. Student learning outcomes cycle I measured by the evaluation at the end of the learning of Mathematics 87.94 with the completion percentage of classical learning that is Mathematics 91.17. The highest affective aspect assessed 29 persons with 85.29% percentage and the lowest aspect responded to 21 people with a percentage of 61.76%. Psychomotor highest aspect imitate and articulate 34 people with 100% percentage and lowest aspect manipulate 30 people with 88.23% percentage. (2) cycle II score of teacher activity 35,5 with good category, student activity score 35 with good category. The result of student learning cycle II is measured using evaluation test at the end of learning that is Mathematics 88,23 with percentage of complete learning of classical that is Mathematics 94,11. The highest affective aspects of living and receiving 34 people with 100% percentage, lowest aspect responding 27 people with 79.41% percentage and psychomotor aspects of articulation, manipulating and imitating 33 people with 100% percentage. Based on the results of this study can be concluded that the application of Thematic model of cooperative model Think Pair Share type through the game togetherness puzzle Class II B SD Negeri 20 Kota Bengkulu can increase activity and learning outcomes.
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Widjaja, Adi, Abdul Rachmad Budiono, Sihabudin, and Siti Hamidah. "Ratio legis minimum percentage of share ownership of the limited company in the perspective of justice." Research, Society and Development 10, no. 1 (2021): e41310111899. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i1.11899.
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This study aims to determine and analyze the ratio legis to determine the minimum percentage of 10% minority shareholding in Law Number 40 of 2007 concerning Limited Company. The methodology used in this research is normative legal research with a statute approach and a conceptual approach. The results showed that the ratio legis for determining the minimum percentage of minority share ownership of 10% in Law Number 40 of 2007 concerning Limited Company consists of four things, namely the condition of the Indonesian economy when Law Number 40 of 2007 was made, also influenced the determination the minimum percentage number for minority shareholding, so that in Indonesia the number 10% is determined, the 10% percentage number is not the majority number, the 10% number is a reasonable percentage number for shareholders who have paid up capital to be considered as minority shareholders, and the 10% number is determined. carried out by considering the value of the rupiah that has been deposited by the shareholders as paid up capital.
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Yevhenii, Yevhenii, Viktor Moshynskyi, Andriy Khrystyuk, Zinovii Malanchuk, Valerii Korniienko, and Arstanbek Abdiev. "Analysis of the regularities of basalt open-pit fissility for energy efficiency of ore preparation." Mining of Mineral Deposits 16, no. 1 (2022): 68–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.33271/mining16.01.068.
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Purpose. To identify dependence of specific rock mass fissility upon the bench height of basalt open pits based upon the analysis of basalt open-pit bench fissility. Methods. Fractural tectonics of basalt open pits was studied experimentally. In addition to the specific fissility, the studies determined both shape and quantity of natural blocks within each bench meter; their geometry in terms of fissure frequency; and nature of changes in the fissure number as well as geometry of the blocks depending upon a bench height. Graphical analysis of the obtained results has helped determine the typical dependencies of fissure number upon the changes in the open-pit bench height. Findings. It has been defined that the specific fissility of basalt benches is distributed irregularly in terms of an open-pit bench height. Field studies, involved three basalt open pits, have made it possible to identify that the 3rd degree polynomial is the most adequate approximation of the specific fissility dependence upon the bench height. Originality. For the first time, the experiments have helped define that rock mass joints a share downward from the smaller to the larger ones following a parabolic law (according to a cubic expression). The obtained regularities help identify the percentage of shares of three sizes for each bench height meter. Practical implications. Estimate of share percentage will make it possible to schedule rationally the drilling and blasting operations while selecting energy efficient parameters of production facilities for further basalt processing.
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Arabi, Khalafalla Ahmed Mohamed. "Scrutiny of Sudan's Consumption Share to GDP." Technium Social Sciences Journal 42 (April 8, 2023): 99–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.47577/tssj.v42i1.8689.
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This paper examines the contribution of the consumption share to GDP from 1970 to 2019 to assess how income groups contributed to the share's stability, as well as the factors influencing its path and policy implications. Because the dependent variable is expressed in percentages and is not normally distributed, the Beta regression finite mixed model is the best tool for detecting latent income groups. We used Robust standard error to ensure the stability of the consumption share (i.e. the average propensity to consume APC). The analytical tool predicts the discovery of three previously unknown income groups. The following three latent groups were identified by the group means following the analysis: 0.82, 0.87, and 0.90 represent low-, medium-, and high-income groups, respectively, with probabilities of 0.27, 0.47, and 0.26 for their share contribution. The explanatory variables include employment, human capital (hc), total factor productivity at constant national prices (rtfpna), and the share of labor compensation in GDP. Each estimated parameter has a high significance and the expected sign. The policy implication is that the consumption share should be reduced in favor of the saving share by increasing employment opportunities and total factor productivity because it is relatively high. Furthermore, fighting inflation increases consumption while increasing spending on health care, education, and training stimulates economic growth by increasing the percentage saving ratio but at different levels.
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Robinson, Mark, Pedro Silos, and Diego Vilán. "Household debt, the Labor Share and Earnings Inequality." Finance and Economics Discussion Series, no. 2025-028 (April 2025): 1. https://doi.org/10.17016/feds.2025.028.
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We show that the secular decline in real interest rates in the United States, which began in the early 1980s and persisted for nearly four decades, reduced the labor’s share of output and the unemployment rate, and increased earnings inequality. We establish this link using a model of frictional labor markets, estimated from household-level data, in which unemployment risk is only partially insurable. Rising debt resulting from lower interest rates reduces the value of unemployment, leading to lower equilibrium wages relative to productivity and a lower unemployment rate. Wage dispersion also rises. The model is consistent with panel-data reduced-form evidence linking unemployment duration, assets, debt, and post-unemployment wages. In the model, a decline in the real interest rate of the magnitude observed in the data generates a decline in the labor’s share of 6 percentage points and in the unemployment rate of 0.3 percentage points. The variance of log earnings rises from 0.66 to 0.75.
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Steenkamp, Gretha, and Nicolene Wesson. "Post-recession share repurchase behaviour by JSE-listed companies: transparent or not?" Journal of Accounting in Emerging Economies 10, no. 3 (2020): 465–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jaee-02-2020-0040.
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PurposeShare repurchases are increasingly employed in South Africa. Disclosure on share repurchases in annual reports is poor, and a high percentage of share repurchases are not announced in real time on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE). A comprehensive database of share repurchases by JSE-listed companies has been created up to 2009, but post-recession repurchase behaviour is not known. This study aims to examine South African share repurchase behaviour (activity, repurchase entity, repurchase type and transparency) in the post-recession period and compare this to the 2000–2009 period.Design/methodology/approachComprehensive share repurchase data for all JSE-listed companies (excluding those in the basic materials and financial industries) were obtained by scrutinising annual reports and JSE announcements.FindingsThe repurchasing of shares reached a peak during the financial recession of 2008/2009, with share repurchases stabilising at a lower level post-recession. Repurchases executed by subsidiaries have decreased post-recession, probably owing to the introduction of dividends tax. However, 45% of the share repurchase value was not announced via the JSE (compared to 22% in 2000–2009).Practical implicationsReal-time JSE announcements of all share repurchases are required to improve transparency.Originality/valueOwing to low announcement rates, a lack of transparency relating to share repurchases was observed in South Africa post-recession. Enhanced corporate governance requirements could improve transparency.
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RUZBARSKY, JURAJ. "INFLUENCE OF DIE CASTING SPEED ON PROPERTIES OF CASTING BASED ON AL-SI ALLOYS." MM Science Journal 2022, no. 4 (2022): 6114–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.17973/mmsj.2022_11_2022012.
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The paper focuses on the research of the influence of chosen technological parameters of die casting on the selected mechanical properties of castings based on Al-Si alloys. The experiments conducted within the frame of the practical part examined the plunger pressing speed in the mould cavity influencing the mechanical properties of a casting which were represented by ultimate tensile strength and percentage share of porosity of Al-Si castings. Plunger pressing speed is closely related to mould cavity filling mode which affected the final porosity of casting. In the case of increased percentage porosity share, the ultimate tensile strength decrease was detected due to the reduction of the cross-section area of the casting. The increase in percentage porosity share in the casting was caused by the increase in plunger pressing speed. To achieve the desired quality of castings, higher production efficiency, and reduced occurrence of faulty pieces during production, an optimal set of technological parameters of die casting is inevitable.
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Billings, Stephen B., Eric Chyn, and Kareem Haggag. "The Long-Run Effects of School Racial Diversity on Political Identity." American Economic Review: Insights 3, no. 3 (2021): 267–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aeri.20200336.
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How do early-life experiences shape political identity? We examine the end of race-based busing in Charlotte-Mecklenburg Schools, an event that led to large changes in school racial composition. Using administrative data, we compare party affiliation in adulthood for students who had lived on opposite sides of newly drawn school boundaries. Consistent with the contact hypothesis, we find that a 10 percentage point increase in the share of minorities in a White student’s assigned school decreased their likelihood of registering as a Republican by 2 percentage points (12 percent). Our results suggest that schools in childhood play an important role in shaping partisanship. (JEL D72, H75, I21, I28, J15)
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Firdaus, Imam, Ahmad Khisni, and Amin Purnawan. "The Role of Notary in Resolution of Company's Share Ownership Issues by Two People Based on Act No. 40 of 2007 regarding Limited Liability Companies." Sultan Agung Notary Law Review 3, no. 1 (2021): 265. http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/sanlar.3.1.265-283.
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Article 88 paragraph (1) of Act No. 40 of 2007 states that RUPS to amend the articles of association can be held if at the meeting at least 2/3 (two thirds) of the total shares with voting rights are present or represented in the RUPS and the decision is valid if it is approved at least 2/3 (two thirds) of the number of votes cast, which causes problems if the Limited Liability Company only has two shareholders with the same percentage of share ownership. The purpose of this study is to determine the impact of Limited Liability Company ownership by two people with the same share percentage and to find out the role of a notary in solving the problem of limited liability company share ownership by two people with the same percentage. The method used in this research is sociological juridical method, the specification in this research is descriptive analytic, the data used are primary data and secondary data, using data collection by interview and literature study, qualitative data analysis, problems analyzed by theory, legal certainty, and Justice Theory. The results of this study indicate that the ownership of PT shares owned by 2 (two) shareholders with balanced share ownership can certainly cause losses to the PT, especially causing difficulties in decision making at the implementation of the AGM. Where if during the RUPS, one of the parties does not approve the results of the RUPS, so the decision cannot be taken because the quorum is not fulfilled. The RUPS is an organ of the Company which has the remaining authority which is not given to the Board of Directors and the Board of Commissioners. The RUPS represents the will of the shareholders as a whole, either as a result of a decision by deliberation or a decision as a result of voting results that are in accordance with and in line with the provisions of the Association and or the Company Law. So it can be said that the RUPS is a meeting held by shareholders in their position as the owner of the company, which has the authority that neither the board of directors nor the board of commissioners have.
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Illahi, Ali, Kusmantoro Sularso, and Dindy Darmawati. "Efisiensi Pemasaran Kapulaga di Desa Sunyalangu Kecamatan Karanglewas Kabupaten Banyumas." Jurnal Ekonomi Pertanian dan Agribisnis 5, no. 4 (2021): 1146–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.jepa.2021.005.04.17.
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Sunyalangu Village is the only village in Karanglewas District that produces cardamom. This potential production needs to be balanced with efficient marketing to create high profits. The involvement of marketing institutions affects marketing costs on cardamom marketing channels and the difference in cardamom prices at the farm level and at the end consumer level. This study aims to: 1) Analyze the price, cost, and profit of cardamom marketing channels in Sunyalangu Village, Karanglewas Subdistrict, Banyumas Regency, 2) Knowing the most efficient cardamom marketing channels in Sunyalangu Village, Karanglewas District, Banyumas District. The research location was determined purposively in Sunyalangu Village, Karanglewas District, Banyumas Regency. Determination of the sample carried out on farmers is simple random sampling with the results of 65 sample farmers and determination of samples made at marketing institutions is snowball sampling. The data used are primary data and secondary data. The analytical methods used are descriptive, marketing margins, farmer's share, cost and profit share, as well as technical and economic efficiency. The results showed: 1) channel III is the cardamom marketing channel with the smallest marketing margin of Rp. 150,000, 2) channel III is the marketing channel with the largest percentage of farmers share percentage of 56.5%, 3) channel III is the channel that has the smallest share of marketing costs with a percentage of 17.8% or as much as Rp. 26,662 per kilogram and the biggest share of profits with a percentage of 87.9% or Rp. 133,314 / kg, 4) Channel III is the marketing channel of the merchant with the smallest technical efficiency value of Rp. 50.4 / Kg / Km and the largest economic efficiency value is Rp. 5 / kg.
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Ariztasari, Isnanda. "Peningkatan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Tema Peristiwa dalam Kehidupan Melalui Model Kooperatif Think Pair Share Kelas VA SDN Giwangan." DIDAKTIKA: Jurnal Pendidikan Sekolah Dasar 1, no. 1 (2019): 17–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/didaktika.v1i1.28079.
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This research aims at improving the process of learning and improving the critical thinking skill using cooperative learning model type of think pair share at social studies for grade VA student SDN Giwangan. This research was classroom action research which refered to spiral model from Kemmis and Taggart. Data was collected by test and observation. The analize of data used descriptive quantitative. The result shows that cooperative learning type think pair share on social studies can improve the critical thinking skill. This is showed by average scores and mastery learning percentage in pre action, cycle 1, and cycle II. In pre action, average score is 54,81 and mastery learning percentage is 25%. In cycle 1, average score increase to 75,64 and mastery learning percentage increase to 61%. In cycle II, average score increase to 81,61 and mastery learning percentage increase to 77%.
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Widyaningrum, Diyah Ayu, Rahmi Astati Lemba Kamunggul, and Nila Kartika Sari. "Pengembangan Flipbook Berbasis Think Pair Share Pada Materi Pertumbuhan dan Perkembangan Pada Tumbuhan." Paradigma: Jurnal Filsafat, Sains, Teknologi, dan Sosial Budaya 28, no. 1 (2022): 61–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.33503/paradigma.v28i1.1952.
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Learning basically involves teachers and students as components of the audience. Professional teachers should be able to develop teaching materials independently according to the needs of students. However, teachers at Baiturrohmah Islamic High School Malang have not done this. Teachers still use worksheets on the market. Teachers have not used media that are able to motivate students in learning. The solution to this problem as well as the aim of the research is to develop a flipbook based on the Think Pair Share (TPS) model on plant growth and development materials. The research method uses R&D with a 4D development model consisting of define, design, develop, and disseminate. The research instrument used a questionnaire. This research is limited to the develop stage. The results showed that the percentage was 87.5% (material expert assessment), 80% percentage (media expert assessment), 97.6 percentage (teacher assessment), 87.5 percentage (student readability test). Overall the product is ready to be used in learning
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Al Ghany, Gathan Sulthon, and Aldira Mara Ditta Caesar Purwanto. "Perlindungan Hukum terhadap Pemegang Saham Akibat Dilusi Saham pada Perseroan Tertutup." Wajah Hukum 8, no. 2 (2024): 615. http://dx.doi.org/10.33087/wjh.v8i2.1526.
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Legal protection for shareholders is an important issue in the context of share dilution in limited liability companies. Share dilution is an event that results in a decrease in the share ownership percentage of shareholders due to the issuance of new shares, with shareholders resulting in losses. This research was conducted using a normative juridical method with a statutory approach and a conceptual approach. This research was conducted to determine the obligations of closed limited companies towards shareholders, as well as the legal efforts that can be taken to obtain compensation or avoid share dilution for shareholders in closed companies. The results of this research show that additional capital causes share dilution, there are also changes to Return On Investment (ROI), and reduced Dividends Per Share (DPS) which causes losses for shareholders. Therefore, shareholders need legal protection, preventively through the board of commissioners by making an anti-dilution agreement for the company through the right to convert the right to purchase securities first to avoid share dilution as regulated in Article 43 paragraph (1) of Law Number 40 of 2007 concerning Limited Liability Companies and share repressive efforts to restore rights can be done by filing a lawsuit with the court as regulated in Article 61 of Law Number 40 of 2007 concerning Limited Liability Companies.
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Mahirun, Khoiri Yanti, and Titi Rahayu Prasetiani. "FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI INITIAL RETURN PERUSAHAAN DI INDONESIA." Entrepreneur: Jurnal Bisnis Manajemen dan Kewirausahaan 4, no. 1 (2023): 42–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.31949/entrepreneur.v4i1.3465.
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Abstract. This study aimed to analyze the effect of debt to equity ratio, return on equity ratio, underwriter reputation, percentage of stock offerings, firm size, and earnings per share on initial return. The population of this research is 201 companies do in an Initial Public Offering (IPO) listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2017 to 2020. The total sample of this research are 133 companies which have the requirements. The analyze data in this study using the multiple linear regression models and there are 91 companies for classic assumption test. The results of this study showed, the debt to equity ratio and return on equity have a negative effect, but not significant on the initial return. The underwriter's reputation become the concentration of investors. Shares offered and firm size give the great affect for investors make a decision. From this study, the conclution is the biggest reason investors buy shares offered is the amount of earnings per share
 Keywords: initial return; underwriter; return on equity; earning per share; debt to equity ratio; firm size; universitas pekalongan
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Arestis, Philips, Jesús Ferreiro, and Carmen Gómez. "Employment protection legislation and labour income shares in Europe." Panoeconomicus 67, no. 3 (2020): 291–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/pan2003291a.
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The paper analyses the determinant elements of the evolution of labour income share, measured by the size of compensation of employees as a percentage of GDP in twenty European economies. In doing so, special attention is paid to the impact of employment protection legislation. Our study?s results show that the evolution of labour income share is explained by the economic growth, the growth of employment and unemployment rates, and the growth of real wages. Regarding employment protection, only employment protection for temporary workers matters. Our results shows that stricter provisions on the use of fixed-term and temporary agency contracts have a positive impact on the growth of the labour shares.
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Salehi, Mahdi, Mahmoud Laridashtbayaz, and Afsaneh Lotfi Azimi. "The relationship between institutional and management ownership and financial flexibility in Iran." Corporate Board role duties and composition 12, no. 3 (2016): 35–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cbv12i3art4.
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The aim of the current study is to investigate the factors affecting the companies’ ownership structure and the effect of financial health and flexibility on these factors. The statistical technique used to test the hypothesis proposed in this research is panel data. R software used to test the hypotheses. The statistical sample consists of 786 observations in 8 industries as automotive industry, chemical, rubber and plastics, pharmaceuticals, cement-lime plaster, food except sugar, basic metals and machinery over the years 2009-2014. The findings show that a positive interrelation exists between the management share, percentage of institutional owners, rate of return and percent of company growth, and the company’s financial flexibility strengthens the relationship between the percentage of institutional owners’ share and managers’ share.
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Situmorang, P. S. I., S. F. Ayu, and Lindawati. "Market share of Indonesian mangosteen in China market." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1241, no. 1 (2023): 012042. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1241/1/012042.
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Abstract The agricultural sector is the leading sector in the Indonesian economy. Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L) or commonly called the “queen of fruits” is one of Indonesia’s mainstay exotic fruits. Since the 1970s until now, demand for exports has continued to increase, so that it can be said that the mangosteen fruit is the prima donna of Indonesia’s mainstay exports. One of the biggest export destination countries for Indonesian mangosteen is China. Mangosteen producing countries besides Indonesia, there are Thailand and Malaysia as mangosteen producing countries which export to China. This study aims to examine and analyze the market share of mangosteens from Indonesia, Thailand and Malaysia and to see the competitiveness of Indonesian mangosteens in the Chinese market. Market share is an indicator in reviewing the marketing performance of mangosteen fruit products. This market share is usually expressed as a percentage (%), which is used to determine the percentage of potential market for increased Indonesian mangosteen production. In addition, there are import volumes, import prices, and the total import value of mangosteen in the Chinese market in view of competitiveness between countries. This research was conducted using secondary data from 2011-2020.
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Pasaribu, Iwan Fadli, Trisnani Dwi Hapsari, Trisnani Dwi Hapsari, and Bambang Argo Wibowo. "Analisis Pemasaran Ikan Tongkol (Euthynnus Affinis) di Pangkalan Pendaratan Ikan Kranji, Kabupaten Lamongan." Buletin Ilmiah Marina Sosial Ekonomi Kelautan dan Perikanan 8, no. 2 (2022): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/marina.v8i2.11043.
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Permasalahan dalam pemanfaatan sumber daya ikan tongkol (Euthynnus affinis) di PPI Kranji, Lamongan tidak hanya pada produksi dan faktor produksi, tetapi juga pada distribusi pemasaran tangkapan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi karakteristik lembaga pemasaran ikan tongkol serta menganalisis pola distribusi pemasaran, margin pemasaran, fisher’s share, dan efisiensi pemasaran pada setiap pelaku usaha. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari—Februari 2022 di Pangkalan Pendaratan Ikan (PPI) Kranji, Kabupaten Lamongan, Jawa Timur. Metode pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling dan snowball sampling. Jumlah responden yang menjadi sampel dalam penelitian ini ialah 79 orang yang terdiri atas 25 nelayan, 16 agen pemasaran, 7 pedagang lokal Kranji, 13 pengepul, 12 pedagang lokal kota Lamongan, 3 pedagang luar kota, 2 pengolah ikan asap, dan 1 pengelola pabrik pengalengan tongkol. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis margin pemasaran, fisher’s share, dan efisiensi pemasaran. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat empat pola distribusi pemasaran ikan tongkol di PPI Kranji. Total nilai margin dari saluran pemasaran 1 dan 2 adalah sebesar Rp12.832,00 dengan persentase margin sebesar 40% dan persentase Fisher’s share sebesar 60%. Total margin pada saluran pemasaran 3 yang diperoleh adalah sebesar Rp25.832,00 dengan persentase margin sebesar 57% dan persentase fisher’s share sebesar 43%. Total margin pada saluran pemasaran 4 adalah sebesar Rp20.832,00 dengan persentase margin sebesar 52% dan persentase Fisher’s share sebesar 48%. Hasil efisiensi distribusi pemasaran di PPI Kranji <1 menunjukkan bahwa pemasaran ikan tongkol tergolong efisien. Dengan tujuan menunjang pemasaran tangkapan yang baik, PPI Kranji sebaiknya menyediakan serta membangun infrastruktur yang memadai sehingga kegiatan pemasaran bisa terlaksana dengan baik. Title: Marketing Analysis of Mackerel Tuna (Euthynnus Affinis) at Kranji Fish Landing Base, Lamongan RegencyProblems in the utilization of mackerel tuna resources (Euthynnus affinis) at Fish Landing Base of Kranji (PPI Kranji), Lamongan are not only in production and factors of production, but also in marketing distribution of the catch. The purpose of this study is to identify the characteristics of tuna marketing institutions and analyze marketing distribution patterns, marketing margins, fisher’s share and marketing efficiency for each business actor. The study was conducted in January-February 2022 at the Kranji Fish Landing Base, Lamongan Regency, East Java Province. The sampling methods used are purposive sampling and snowball sampling. The number of respondents who were sampled in this study were 79 people consisting of 25 fishermen, 16 marketing agents, 7 local Kranji traders, 13 collectors, 12 local traders from Lamongan, 3 traders outside the city, 2 smoked fish processors and 1 cob cannery. The data analysis method used is marketing margin analysis, fisher’s share and marketing efficiency. The results showed that there were 4 distribution patterns of tuna marketing. The total margin value from marketing channels 1 and 2 is Rp12,832 with the margin percentage 40% and the Fisher’s share percentage 60%. The total margin of marketing channel 3 is Rp25,832 with the margin percentage 57% and the fisher’s share percentage 43%. Marketing channel 4 earned total margin of Rp20,832 with the margin percentage 52% and the fisher’s share percentage 48%. The results of marketing distribution efficiency at PPI Kranji <1 indicates that the marketing of tuna is classified as efficient. To support the good marketing of the catches, it is suggested chat, PPI Kranji provides or builds adequate infrastructure so that marketing activities can be carried out properly.
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Wahyuning, Fitri, Erfan Priyambodo, and S. Sugeng. "PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN THINK PAIR SHARE (TPS) PADA PEMBELAJARAN KIMIA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN BERARGUMENTASI DAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR SISWA." Jurnal Pendidikan Kimia Indonesia 3, no. 1 (2019): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.23887/jpk.v3i1.12973.
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AbstrakTujuan penelitian tindakan kelas ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah penerapan model pembelajaran Think Pair Share pada pembelajaran kimia dapat meningkatkan keterampilan berargumentasi dan motivasi belajar siswa di SMA N 1 Wates. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas yang dilaksanakan dalam tiga siklus, dimana setiap siklus terdiri atas perencanaan, tindakan, pengamatan, dan refleksi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, penerapan model pembelajaran Think Pair Share dapat meningkatkan keterampilan berargumentasi siswa dan motivasi belajar siswa. Persentase peningkatan observasi keterampilan berargumentasi pada siklus II aspek claim terjadi peningkatan sebesar 12,02 % dari siklus I dan evidence terjadi peningkatan sebesar 12,74 %, sedangkan untuk aspek reason dikategorikan sedang meskipun sudah terjadi peningkatan 29,57%. Persentase peningkatan pada siklus III terjadi sebesar 15,63% pada aspek claim, sebesar 12,74% aspek evidence dan reason terjadi peningkatan sebesar 18,7%. Persentase minat siswa, semangat siswa, tanggung jawab siswa, respon terhadap stimulus, serta rasa senang dan puas secara berturut-turut mengalami persentase peningkatan sebesar 9,81%, 6,34%, 6,73%, 6,73%, dan 5,71%.AbstractThe purpose of this class action research is to find out whether the application of Think Pair Share learning models in chemistry learning can improve the argumentation skills and students' learning motivation in Wates N 1 High School. This research is a classroom action research conducted in three cycles, wherein each cycle consists of planning, action , observations, and reflections. The results of the study show that the application of Think Pair Shared learning models can improve students' argumentation skills and student motivation. The percentage increase in observation of argumentation skills in the second cycle of the claim aspect increased by 12.02% from the first cycle and the evidence increased by 12.74%, while for the reason aspect was categorized as moderate even though there had been an increase of 29.57%. The percentage increase in cycle III occurred by 15.63% in the claim aspect, by 12.74% in the evidence and reason aspect an increase of 18.7%. The percentage of student interest, student enthusiasm, student responsibility, response to stimulus, and feeling of pleasure and satisfaction respectively experienced a percentage increase of 9.81%, 6.34%, 6.73%, 6.73%, and 5.71%.
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Bhana, N. "International share portfolio diversification: Possible benefits for South African investors." South African Journal of Business Management 17, no. 3 (1986): 162–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajbm.v17i3.1051.
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The De Kock Commission has recommended that exchange control regulations be relaxed so that South African investors may acquire foreign securities. The possible gains accruing to South African investors from international share portfolios representing 18 different countries for the period 1969-1983 were investigated. The inclusion of foreign securities results in superior portfolio returns when compared with returns derived from exclusive investment in South African securities. Furthermore, the South African investor accomplishes significant risk reduction when several foreign countries are included in international portfolios. The returns on South African goldmining shares are negatively correlated with most foreign shares. Therefore, goldmining shares feature prominently in optimal portfolios available to South African investors. By contrast local industrial shares are not included in any of the efficient frontiers. Although the currency factor is important, it was not a major element in the performance and risk components of international portfolios during the study period. The currency factor also constitutes a small percentage of the total risk of an unweighted portfolio representing the 18 selected countries. The importance of the currency factor is minimized due to low and possibly even negative correlations between share prices and exchange rate movements in the different countries.
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Gürler, Metin. "The effect of digitalism on the economic growth and foreign trade of creative, Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and high-tech products in OECD countries." European Journal of Research and Development 3, no. 2 (2023): 54–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.56038/ejrnd.v3i2.267.
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The use of digital technologies has come to the fore in every aspect of life due to closures, social distance and bans during the pandemic period. Today, digital technologies are used in many sectors and their importance is increasing day by day. While digitalism refers to the increased use and integration of digital technologies, ICT appears to have a profound effect on economic growth and foreign trade in the creative and high-tech industries.
 In 2022, it is seen that 5.3 billion people, which corresponds to 66.3 percent of the world's total population, have access to the internet. Active mobile-broadband subscriptions has reached 86.9 percent in 2022 in the world. Exports in ICT goods were 2.77 trillion USD and ICT services were 848.4 billion USD in 2021. The share of ICT goods as percentage of total trade in the world was 13.2 percent whereas it was 7 percent in OECD countries. Share of ICT services as percentage of total trade in the world was 14 percent whereas it was 13.3 percent in OECD.
 The study aims to investigate the relationship between the export performance in “Creative”, “ICT” and “High-tech” products with their digital infrastructure and economic growth in OECD countries.
 The results show that there is a positive correlation between overall index scores and GDP per capita in OECD countries. “The share of ITC employment in total employment” and “the share of information and communication (ISIC rev4) in GDP” have a high positive correlation coefficient as 0.693 so that the correlation is significant even at the 0.01 level (2-tailed). “GDP growth rate” and “GDP growth in information and communication (ISIC rev4)” ” have a high positive correlation coefficient as 0.585 so that the correlation is significant even at the 0.01 level (2-tailed). “High-tech export share in total merchandise export” and “share of ICT goods as percentage of total trade, annual” have a high positive correlation coefficient as 0.656 so that the correlation is significant even at the 0.01 level (2-tailed). “The share of ITC employment in total employment” and “share of ICT services as percentage of total trade, annual” have a high positive correlation coefficient as 0.501 so that the correlation is significant even at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).
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Pan, Lee-Hsien, Thomas Barkley, and Shaio-Yan Huang. "Corporate Payout Policy and CEO Compensation Structure." International Journal of Accounting and Financial Reporting 8, no. 2 (2018): 179. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijafr.v8i2.13280.
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This paper examines how corporate payout policy is affected by CEO compensation structure using data from more than 1,600 firms during 1992-2006. Specifically, it studies the effects of CEO compensation structure, firm characteristics, and dividend payout policies on dividend type and relative dividend size.It finds CEO salary is positively associated with cash dividends, share repurchases, and relative dividend size whereas CEO salary (compared to bonus) as a percentage of total compensation has negative effects on cash dividends and share repurchases. It also discovers CEO stock awards as a percentage of total compensation are positively associated with share repurchases and CEO option awards are negatively related to cash dividends.In addition, this paper shows larger firms and firms with more free cash flow distribute more cash dividends and share repurchases. On the other hand, firms with higher leverage ratio and more investment opportunities prefer to save earnings for future re-investment projects. Finally, it show dividend payout policy (either cash dividends or share repurchases) increases relative dividend size. The results of this study suggest that CEO compensation components affect CEOs’ dividend payout decisions: when CEOs’ stock award increases, they prefer to use share repurchases; when CEOs’ option award increases, they prefer not to use cash dividends.
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Omoleye, Gbemigun Catherine, and Alade Muyiwa Ezekiel. "OWNERSHIP STRUCTURE AND FEMALE INCLUSION OF LISTED FINANCIAL FIRMS IN NIGERIA." Gusau Journal of Accounting and Finance 5, no. 1 (2024): 128–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.57233/gujaf.v5i1.07.
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The study investigated how ownership structure influence the female inclusion of listed financial firms in Nigeria. Using Longitudinal research design findings revealed that managerial ownership exhibited a direct effect on female inclusion, institutional ownership was significant with a direct nexus with female inclusion, while foreign ownership was non-significant but exhibited an inverse sign. The study concluded that share possession held by managers, as well as, other institution that manage people’s wealth determine the percentage of women that participate in board of directors of listed financial firms in Nigeria; while, low share possession held by foreign ownership reduces it. The study recommended that the director within the listed financial firms should ensure that they make their ownership stakes (shares) attractive for foreign ownership through publicity.
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Chung, Seunghun, and Oudom Hean. "The Effects of Shale Oil and Gas Endowments on Regional Labor Markets." International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy 12, no. 5 (2022): 425–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.32479/ijeep.13320.
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We analyze the effects of shale oil development on regional labor markets. By exploiting the exogenous geographic endowment of shale oil and gas, we find that shale endowments have differential impacts on workers in and out of the labor market. After introducing new shale technologies in 2006, shale oil and gas significantly increased the local share of high school graduates participating in the labor force. Yet, shale endowments decreased the percentage of nonworking college graduates who do not participate in the labor force. Our results suggest that shale oil and gas could increase the demand for high school graduates but create disamenities for college graduates who are not in the labor force.
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Afonso, Alexandre. "Correlates of aggregate support for the radical right in Portugal." Research & Politics 8, no. 3 (2021): 205316802110294. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20531680211029416.
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This article explains variation in local aggregate support for the populist radical right in Portugal, a country long considered immune to the rise of this political force. Using local electoral results of the 2021 presidential election, I find positive statistical associations between the radical right vote share and the share of social assistance benefit recipients, as well as with the size of the local Roma minority. I also show that the effect of the percentage of social assistance recipients is conditioned on a higher size of the local Roma minority. In contrast, factors such as unemployment, average income levels or the share of immigrants and their change over time do not explain variation in radical right vote shares. The research points to the presence of outgroups that can be construed as ‘outsiders’ as a relevant factor explaining aggregate support for the radical right in contexts where the salience of immigration is low.
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Varghese, Jithin Sam. "An Ecological Analysis of Food Expenditure Patterns During Periods of Economic Recovery and Economic Shock in India." Current Developments in Nutrition 6, Supplement_1 (2022): 497. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzac059.025.
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Abstract Objectives To study the patterns of food expenditure by Indian households during periods of economic recovery (after the Great Recession in 2008–09) and economic shock (from a currency demonetization policy in 2016). I hypothesize that real consumer price index (CPI) adjusted food expenditure (in Rupees) would be lower after the economic shock with higher share of spending on processed foods ― consistent with the nutrition transition hypothesis. Methods Using published tables from India's nationally representative Household Consumer Expenditure Surveys in 2011–12 and 2017–18, I estimate real (Rs.) and percentage (of total expenditure) CPI-adjusted monthly per capita expenditure (MPCE) on food. I report the share of food MPCE for dairy products, sugar, oil, fresh fruits, vegetables (including tubers), and processed foods. Analysis was carried out for 36 states and union territories stratified by urbanicity. Results Real and percentage MPCE on food were lower in 2017–18 (Rs. 705.1; 52.3%) relative to 2011–12 (Rs. 794.9; 52.9%) for rural India. For urban India, real MPCE on food (but not percentage) was higher in 2017–18 (Rs. 1207.4; 41.9%) relative to 2011–12 (Rs. 1168.4; 42.6%). The percentage decrease was due to higher non-food MPCE (2011–12: Rs. 1572.8; 2017–18: Rs. 1672.6). At the state-level, real (rural: 28; urban: 9) and percentage (rural: 21; urban: 20) decreases were observed in rural areas. As a share of food MPCE, spending on sugar (rural: 25; urban: 29) and edible oil (rural: 22; urban: 26) decreased in most states from 2011–12. However, share of food MPCE increased on dairy (rural: 26; urban: 23), fresh fruits (rural: 31; urban: 30), vegetables (rural: 26; urban: 19), and processed foods (rural: 20; urban: 26) for majority of states. This is despite a real decrease in spending (in Rs) on processed foods (rural: 26; urban: 9) and vegetables (rural: 21; urban: 8) for most states in rural areas. Real spending (Rs.) increased for dairy (rural: 20; urban: 26) and fresh fruits (rural: 23; urban: 29) for most states. Conclusions Rural areas showed a decrease in real food expenditures from 2011–12 to 2017–18. Food expenditures decreased in share for sugar and oil, but increased in share for fruits, vegetables and processed foods. This was also observed in urban areas where there was an increase in real food expenditures. Funding Sources None.
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Yakhyayev, Aydin, Elshad Gurbanov, Farzaliyev Vahid, and Farid Seyfullayev. "The regeneration of Oriental beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) share in the secondary hornbeam stands using." Journal of Forest Science 67, No. 1 (2021): 12–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/22/2020-jfs.
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In the paper, the results of the complex cuttings were presented in the secondary hornbeam stands with the aim of regenerating the natural beech stands in the northern regions of Azerbaijan. For this purpose, three complex cutting procedures were carried out with a recurrence at 5 and 10 years in four sites of the secondary hornbeam stands in the northern regions. The experimental plots were characterised with: a stand density of 0.5–0.7, the age of the forest stands of 60–130 years, undergrowth of 12–25 years, a stand volume of 130–200 m3·ha–1, the beech percentage in the composition of stands of 17–28%, hornbeam 62–79% spread over the southern and northern slopes of the mountains. As a result of the complex cuttings, the share of beech trees in the composition of the parent stands increased 2.2–3.0 times. During cutting, the share of beech trees, as a part of undergrowth, increased 3.8–4.3 times. Based on the data, mathematical models were established reflecting the dynamics of the numbers of the undergrowth and the total stand volume of the forest stands depending on the participation percentage of beech trees in the parent stand.