Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Perception de soi – Aspect social'
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Vézina, Philippe. "L'influence de la rétroaction positive sur l'estime de soi social, la perception de l'efficacité personnelle sociale, le dialogue interne et l'anxiété sociale dans un contexte de communication verbale." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/43055.
Full textPineault, Nancy. "Couples endogames et couples mixtes : comparaison de la satisfaction conjugale, de la perception des pairs à l'égard du couple et de l'estime de soi." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ55873.pdf.
Full textBabin, Emmanuel. ""La découration" ou la qualité de vie après une laryngectomie totale." Caen, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006CAEN1467.
Full textClercier, Chantal. "Un tissage aux fils de soi : contribution à une approche de la construction de l’identité des femmes par leur présentation vestimentaire." Pau, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PAUU1003.
Full textThe research examines how the individual (in this case, women) fashions the construction of outward appearance within an interior/exterior dialectic. The place of the imagination is embedded in the daily, repetitive act of dressing This research is focused on the connotations of dress. Staging of the body offers a particularly individualist presentation of the self. Clothes predominate in the choice of the artifices employed to modify the image of the body. Such personal dress codes are formative, inventive, occasioonally restrictive. This stufy provides a deeper insight into the link between us and our clothes. The researcher makes a point of highlighting the warp and weft of these habits which interweave the threads of history, the formative, transformative, unifying and creative character of this woven element. The modelling proposef outlines identity according to four dimensions : knowledge, technical and social evolution, context, social and cultural mediation. The daily staging of the fashioning of the being hinges around a twofold inter-relationship between codes/representations and experience/corporal singularity. As an outsider creating a system in the construction of the staging of the self, chothes are transformative in the shaping of the singular self, part and parcel of the accomplishment of the being
Dutrévis, Marion. "Statut social et réputations d'infériorité intellectuelle : quand la gestion de l'image de soi altère la performance." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004CLF20002.
Full textThe purpose of this work was to contribute to the explanation of achievement differences between social groups. Several studies have revealed that the reputations of intellectual inferiority that usually target stigmatized group members can alter their cognitive functioning (i. E. Stereotype threat hypothesis, Steele, 1997). Though research has repeatedly demonstrated that the performance of low status group members, (e. G. Blacks in the United states or women) can be disrupted by stereotypes alleging intellectual inferiority when they are made salient, very little id known about the process underlying this pehnomenon. We hypotesized that the suspicion of lower ability faced by low status group members in evalutive settings can lead them to focus on the self-evalutation implications of a potential low performance. This focalization in turns would generate sel-regulation demands that would disrupt performance on the main task. Our first study shows that evaluative situations affect stigmatized individuals' self-esteem and motivation. Moreover, when these individuals have the opportunity to affirm positive aspects of the self, their performance increases (studies 2, 3 and 4). In other words and in accordance with our hypothesis, stereotype threat appears to involve some self-regulation. However studies 5 and 6 did not allow us to determine if individuals's focus on negative self-knowledge iduces a self-regulation activity interfering with performance. Nevertheless, our work suggests that self-image devaluation generated by negative stereotypes applicability in testing situations is responsible for stereotype threat effects. Further research we review and discuss reveals that, when intellectual abilities are not perceived as fixed anymore, or when some low status individuals invalidate negative sterotypes of their group, members of these stigmatized groups perform better in evaluative situations
Muths, Stéphane. "Une étude de la honte : sujet, culture et temporalité." Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCC065.
Full textThe topic of shame knows a revival of interest in psychoanalytic research as if it had a new topicality in our culture. The feeling of guilt is an anchor point of psychoanalysis merged with shame. The latter is a feeling of displeasure that upsets the psyche because the subject is humiliated by the removal of its narcissistic attributes. The dialectic between shame and guilt questions the place of the feeling of opprobrium in the current subjective construction and its clinical and cultural terms. The relationships between shame and culture are discussed in two aspects: a work of shame in the culture and the cultures of shame based around the concepts of miasma and staining. Our modernity seems to fall into a logic based on the turning over of shame between its denial and its exposure. Shame cultures rely on this logic whereas guilt cultures rely on the question of Sin. Ancient Greece was the scene of shame where the public esteem was the ideal. The post-war Japan has also been guided by the sense of own seppuku honor. Today, another form of shame appears in the guise of the hildldmori and suicide at work. Other clinical variations emerge notably in teenage phobias. It shows another form of temporality between affect-signal, a latent shame and an afterwards structural shame. That can be seen as the mark of a phallic sham reactivating the anxiety of separation out of the own guilt repair need. The current culture seems to be moving towards a culture of shame
Wasinski, Christophe. "La représentation de Soi et de l'Autre dans la pensée stratégique: une analyse de la culture stratégique occidentale." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210952.
Full textDoctorat en sciences politiques
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Laberge, François. "La construction sociodiscursive de l'image médiatique de la drag-queen Mado Lamotte - Les frontières de la transgression sociale." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/30147/30147.pdf.
Full textTrainoir, Marianne. "Ethnographie des pratiques numériques des personnes à la rue." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017REN20063/document.
Full textHomelessness is studied within two paradigms: the critical approach, which emphasizes the phenomena of social domination and the interactionist approach that underlines the successive adaptations that individuals implement. Those adaptations are studied through particular situations within which the "homeless" identity is built and a career takes shape. That career is looked at either as a un-socialization career or as a survival career in which self-preservation forms a daily and biographical perspective. In this context, working on issues such as "Getting off the streets" and "Home" paves the way for a renewed approach to self-preservation beyond situational facework. In this perspective, our ethnography of digital practices forms a practical support for self-preservation. Our fieldwork within social support structures shows that all the people surveyed, despite their heterogeneity, experience wandering as an intimate and social experience, and as a form of extreme precariousness which is lived between street and assistance, and marked by a self-weakening and an alteration of the capacity to look to the future. This experience is punctuated by many trials, gathered in a struggle for self-preservation. Self-preservation is then both a daily concern and a biographical question encompassing past, present and future temporalities. It is a work in the daily reality of survival but also through a memory work, selfpresentation, self-experimentation and self-projection. If the struggle against disengagement is almost invisible, digital practices offer a new approach for observation and analysis. Digital uses make it possible to access to rights and margins of autonomy. They also support friendship and family links. Between private and public life, digital uses allow homeless people to set up times and spaces to care about themselves. Eventually, our study also shows that digital uses create an ambivalent form of support: sometimes enabling, sometimes disqualifying. Indeed, it can turn against the subject, feeding identity crumbling and strengthening the solitude and unworthiness feelings
Huguet-Benabdelmouna, Marie-Céline. "La réussite en éducation musicale : des facteurs individuels aux facteurs contextuels." Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00259778.
Full textPena, Pena Manuela. "Etude et compréhension des mécanismes d’auto dépréciation et d’auto-affirmation des personnes obèses." Thesis, Paris 10, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA100118/document.
Full textThe aims of this thesis are to understand the processes of self-depreciation and self-affirmation in obese people. 209 obese and 920 normal-weight people took part in this six experiment thesis. We first examined social representations related to obesity and obese people, according to intergroup contact. Then we developed and validated a weight related stigma feeling questionnaire. Finally, we tested coping strategies and self-affirmation effects (ie, protocol Napper, Epton and Harris, 2009), on self-image measures, in normal-weight and obese people.Firstly, results show that when there is contact between an obese and a non-obese person, their social representation is more empathetic than without contact. Secondly, we tested the validity of the weight related stigma feeling questionnaire (sensitivity, content validity, reliability). This questionnaire determines individual stigmatizing experiences frequency associated with emotions experienced in those situations. Finally, we highlight that self-affirmation technique, through Napper, Harris and Epton's protocol (2009), causes self-centering and social comparison effects that could interfere in obese people's self-image enhancement process. Our work helps to emphasize the personal and social identity processes involved in treating obese people’s image question. We propose an analysis framework of identity processes involved in weight related rejection feeling
Bonnot, Virginie. "Les mécanismes de (re)production des performances des femmes en mathématiques : l'influence du stéréotype d'incompétence." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006CLF20015.
Full textButera, Luigi. "Three essays on the economics of image motivation." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO22011/document.
Full textThis thesis contains two essays that assess the role of social image concerns in charitable giving decisions and one essay that explores the role of authority in hierarchical relationships characterized by aligned monetary interests.The first essay uses a neuro-economic experiment to compare the effect of social exposure on two types of pro-social behaviors: doing good and avoiding doing bad. We find that image gains deriving from visible acts of generosity are computed by the brain as rewards for both decisions. Differently, selfish decisions with no negative image consequences are computed differently: not doing good (and thus saving money) correlates with reward-related regions, while doing bad (and thus earning money) correlates with regions related to punishment’s anticipation and moral disgust.The second essay studies how information about real charities’ efficiency (and its social visibility) affects small donors contributions. We find that individuals disregard bad news about their own charities when giving happens under full anonymity, but do increase their contributions to charities that perform better than expected. Differently, when both the amount donated and the efficiency of the recipient are public knowledge, donors motivated by social image concerns treat the quantity and the quality of their donations as substitutes.The third investigates the effects of control in principal-agents’ relationships where monetary interests are aligned. By comparing direct control and general impersonal rules, we show that direct monitoring generates significantly more hidden costs of control from the agent side than impersonal rules.At the same time however, principals tend to exercise their authority less when restrictions are impersonal, as these force them to signal their greed also when unnecessary
Truchon, Karoline. "L'exigence de visibilité par l'image dans les sociétés contemporaines : le cas d'un complexe d'habitations sociales à Montréal." Thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2014/30151/30151.pdf.
Full textSabéran, Djamshid Abdi. "Dynamiques identitaires au cours de l'accompagnement vers l'emploi : entre réactions au stigmate et stratégies d'auto-handicap." Thesis, Bordeaux 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BOR21649/document.
Full textJob search assistance plays an essential role among the array of public policies aimed at tackling unemployement. It can however also magnify the stigma against the unemployed with active labour market policies and accountability given to the unemployed. Nevertheless, the need for positive self-perception is crucial, pushing each individual, especially the stigmatized, to process self-related information in a partial and biased way, producing a favourable representation of themselves in theirs environment. Our research examines the nature and scope of jobseeker's (JS) self-image preservation strategies in a job search assistance program. 267 JS - and their counselors - were interviewed at the beginning and the end of the program, through a specific questionnaire assessing their understanding of employment and employability, their perception of the program and their own employability evaluation. The results confirm the "activity" of the JS during the program, constructing "theories" of employability and employment according to their own perceived probability of employment. It directly influences their attitudes towards the program and its outcome. Moreover, the influence of the conselor is clear : his or her beliefs in a "collective / supporting" theory will produce greater mobilization than a belief in a " individualizing / empowering" theory
Rouvière, Huguette. "L'estime de soi, l'image de soi, les strategies de coping aux risques de la maladie, du cancer, du s. I. D. A." Toulouse 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994TOU20041.
Full textOn the one hand, the thesis aims at analysing the effects of two diseases, cancer (hemopathy) and aids, on sel-esteem and self-image. On the other hand, we will see what are the coping strategies adopted by the patients to deal with the disease and adapt to it. In chapter one, we will develop different representations of the disease li ke myth, as well as the consequences of the representations of cancer and aids on personal and social identity, on body scheme and image, on self-representation. However the patient reacts opposing defence mecanisms or "reactional" behaviours. Coping processes, which are cognitivo behavioural strategies of stress management, enable the patien to adapt himself to his disease either by focusing on one problem, direct action, or by regulating his emotion, indirect action. Statistical analyses of self esteem, self-image and coping strategies are based on various parameters such as health (hemopathics witnesses), sex and age. The disease by means of over-adjustment process, has positive consequence on self-esteem, self image and coping strategies. Expansive, open-minded women evaluate themselves positively; they have less control on their feelings than steady introverted men who are more able to deal with situa tions. Impulsive and combative teenagers overcome threath. Young steady adults ratio nalize and control difficulties. The disease overwhelms introverted adults, even steady; they are more often reluctant to try to overcome it
Abang, Sako Astha. "Approche cognitive de la relation entre l’image de soi et la satisfaction professionnelle dans les groupes d’appartenance : cas des fonctionnaires du ministère du travail, de l’emploi et de la prévoyance sociale du Gabon." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LYO20002/document.
Full textThe objective of this research is to study the concepts of “self-Image” and “Satisfaction” in the membership of groups working in a cognitive and conative (affects and effect). It is shown that self-image at work is linked to different levels of satisfaction issues facing their jobs. These levels of satisfaction depend on their level of expectations. Job satisfaction is thus based on the subject and not on the job itself. Therefore, this concept fits into a system comprising, first, aspects of employment and benefits and, secondly, the individual and his expectations.The study covers 63 subjects, a relatively small population of a statistical point of view but with which we could highlight some interesting results that, by caution, we consider as valid only for that population.In light of the analysis correlated the different parameters explored, the study reveals that there is actually a system of expectations “theoretical” strictly inherent to the subject, and a variety of expectations from the individual and cultural differences. The satisfaction of officials of the Ministry of Labour, Employment, and Social Welfare of Gabon depends on the material benefits that their jobs provide them (room air-conditioned and equipped, car service, salaries and bonuses…), related to aspects outside the work place (luxury housing, additional income, social recognition…).All these elements contribute to building the image of success they relate to others. And this image is strongly dependent on the image that these officials are themselves associated with their expectations. In light of this experimental study is also based on a theoretical study devoted to the psychology of work in the context of public service and, more specifically to the experiences of staff at work (their representation of their position, directly in the structure, but also outside in the society around them), it appears that the image of success requires a positive self-image, revealing a sense of professional and personal satisfaction. The results of our experiments tend to verify this last statement, which calls for study of further research
Dicko, Ahmadou Abdoulaye. "L'estime de soi chez les jeunes diplômés Maliens en quête d'emploi permanent." Dijon, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001DIJOL006.
Full textDubois, Nicolas. "L'automobile : un espace vécu comme un autre chez-soi." Paris 10, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA100005.
Full textThis research was aimed at highlighting the importance of affective and symbolic dimensions of the relationship between drivers and their car. This work examines why certain kinds of drivers consider their car as a place where they feel at home. We studied the everyday experience of drivers through the relationship between the attitudes toward their car, their dwelling, appropriation of car space and the existence of home and work behaviors while in their car. An empirical assessment of this relationship was realized. The results indicate that symbolic and affective attitudes significantly influence the relationship to car. They are associated with richer everyday experiences. Concerning the feeling of being at home, it is linked to ideas such as familarity, privacy, identity, autonomy and centrality and refers to a personalized and controlled space. From this point of view, two kinds of drivers were distinguished according to their attitudes towards their dwelling
Pelletier, Marie. "Perception de soi et du réseau social chez les adolescents atteints d'épilepsie." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0014/NQ38793.pdf.
Full textLevesque, Sylvie. "Valeur accordée à l'école, estime de soi et performance scolaire à l'adolescence." Toulouse 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001TOU20013.
Full textThe aim of this research was to study the relationship between academic achievement and academic self-esteem and also between academic self-esteem and global self-esteem. James (1890) suggested many years ago that human values and aspirations had a determining role to play in self evaluations, but not much has been done to test this hypothesis. How the adolescent personally values school is therefore taken into account to study these relationships. Self-esteem being formed of many specific self-evaluations, our research approaches it from a multidimensional perspective (Shavelson et al. , 1976 ; Byrne, 1984 ; Marsh, 1986, Rosenberg, 1995 ; Harter, 1998). Our results are also studied from a longitudinal perspective. 105 girls and 85 boys (13-16 years old) participated to this study. As we expected, a positive relationship was found between academic achievement and academic and academic self-esteem and also between academic self-esteem and global self-esteem. The relationship between academic achievement and academic self-esteem is a function of how school is academically valued, but the relationship between academic self-esteem and global self-esteem is not. It is also shown that school value takes part in the prediction of academic and global self-esteem. These results are the studied by taking into account the sex and the type of college the students attend
Viennet, Denis. "Temps, développement, pathologies : entre fatigue et souci, esquisse d'une lecture du soi contemporain." Paris 8, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA082820.
Full text"Stress", "overwork", "asthenia", "nervous tension", etc. , these words that are nowadays growing in number in the medias are the signs of a major problem of our civilization, that psychiatry and psychopathology appoint in an alarming way: the contemporary man is the subject of a suffering, which comes into a general use as tiredness and depression. In the center of these pathologies appears the question of the time relation to oneself. Bombarded with the enterprise requirements of performance optimization, on which the rise and the development of technoscience and of its industry rely, the self is bustled about earning time. What do these pathologies of time mean, those wich increase with the development of modern western civilizations? What happens, in the order of such a world, of the work of all those who "loose their time": artists, thinkers, searchers…? In front of the tiredness to be the self, the question of therapeutic: the work of self on self, according to its tempo, whose ancient ontic model is the worry of the self. This work that psychoanalysis could have named perlaboration involves a temporality which is irreducible to the diachrony of acceleration. It reminds that the self is constitutively and originally opened to an unprogrammable alterity, which alterity could not be contained in the equation of a gain. Confronted to its own undetermination, the self is the place of one depressivity, which is at the same time, under the condition of an unconditional welcome of the other stranger inside, the ability by which the self constitutes itself, and one research is spread according to its unpredictability, its freedom and its lost time
Lévêque, Gwenaëlle. "Vivre avec le VIH. Face à la séropositivité ou au sida : estime de soi, stress et stratégies de coping." Toulouse 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001TOU20029.
Full textThe purpose of this research is to study the actual experience of HIV-positive people and in particular to understand some of the psychological consequences : self-esteem, stress and coping strategies of the same pathogenic process, that is the HIV infection while differentiating the two evolution phases : being HIV-positive and declared Aids. This study fits into a compromise concept of the relationships between the individual and the environment, a model developed in the field of health psychology. We think that HIV infection causes a rupture in one's life and leads to questioning one's identity. It threatens well-being, temporal prospects and leads to various losses and consequently generates stress. But it also leads the individual to cope and to develop his personality by using coping strategies. 61 HIV-positive people and 54 Aids patients (adult women and men) took part in this research. The assessed variables were acquired by means of a questionnaire, of self-esteem scale, stress and coping scales and by means of research semi-guiding discussion. The results show that the level of self-esteem is not directly influenced by the degree of HIV infection : HIV-positive people have no more self-esteem than Aids patients. On the other hand a positive assessment of one's physical health explains a greater self-esteem. HIV-positive people are not stressed as people with declared Aids. They are not so tense and confused, they feel less threatened by their infection and they worry less about their future. To cope with the situation, people use avoidance or control strategies, social support and change strategies ; strategies influenced by their levels of self-esteem and stress
Vigne, Patricia. "Activité sportive, conflit et personnalisation à l'adolescence : place de l'autre dans la gestion stratégique en natation et en judo." Toulouse 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999TOU20108.
Full textAron-Michel, Anne-Marie. "La danse et la creation choregraphique : modes privilegies d'elaboration des representations de soi." Caen, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992CAEN1102.
Full textDance is a lot of morphicinecis skilles. But furthemore, it is an art dealing with impressive expressive dimension and communication between spectators and the dancers. So the dancer is viewed like a creator and dance is considered as revealing all parts of the dancers' individual and self representation. Between dance and dancers, we can emphasize three critical focuses : relations between dance and gender's dancer, relations between dancers and social environment, relations between dancer and himself herself. Gender dimension deals with the relation between gender and dance representations (male vs female self identity). Social dimension dealms with the relation between the personal model of oneself and social models of others. Personal dimension appears in researching self confidence, in dance discovering and dancing. Dance may be one of the best means to acquire self representation in all personal and social dimensions. It makes constantly actual the body relation, stimulates imagery and creation, and licenses originality and divergent thinking
Kailani, Abdelaziz. "Immigration familiale et conflits identitaires : contribution à l'étude de la perception de soi chez l'adolescent d'origine étrangère." Toulouse 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987TOU20078.
Full textDue both to their parents'origin and their actual presence in the french society wherein they have grown and are still living, the adolescents born of immigrated moroccan families have to cope with unquestionable identity conflicts. Starting from this, our thesis aims at the analysis of these problems examined under their various peculiar aspects: - in a first part, assuming the hypothesis that these subjects are utterly unable to present a true image of themselves nor a coherent and distinct one of other people, we have devoted our efforts to define the modalities of the ways they perceive their own self. - then, we have tried to analyse the relations they keep up with their closest immigrated friends, these latter included in the meaning of the word "we". -finally, taking into account their characteristic ambiguous relationships with their equals, french as well as moroccan, we have taken a special interest in the way they identify themselves to both
Mallon, Isabelle. "La recréation d'un chez-soi par les personnes âgées en maison de retraite." Paris 5, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA05H051.
Full textThis thesis depicts the various elderly people live in a nursing home. Ethnographic research based on interviews, observation and the use of photographs as well as a comprehensive attitude were necessary to analyze how seniors adopt and give form to the nursing home through the harmonization of individual behaviours. And then, how is the elders' identity worked out ? The recent evolution of nursing homes enables this study to dissect the actual ways of life in those institutions. That elders achieve or not to reconstruct a private world in a collective one depends on their history and their milieu. It is only a minority who manages to rebuild a steady world : either by taking part in the activities of the home or by instrumentalizing it. Howerver, a majority meets difficulties living in a nursing home : to retreat, run away from or revolt against the home make clear the institutional constraint weighing on them. (. . . )
Rameau, Gérard. "Images de soi, regard de l'autre et vidéo dans les groupes de formation en expression-communication : la vidéoscopie en questions, enjeux et conditions d'emploi." Grenoble 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992GRE29028.
Full textThe self-observation experience using the videotape technique does not only raise problems of a technical and practical nature; it also poses psychological problems. When a person is confronted by his or her own image, a series of personnal problems occasionally arises whose consideration extends beyong the scope of the exercise itself. However, one may ask whether this is the main source of all the difficulties and uncertainties involved in the exercise, and principally of the risks to which those who use it lay themselves open. In practice the questions they put, either directly or indirectly, are not restricted to this aspect alone, and their observations allow us to identify four "areas of investigation": the first concerns the issues involved in interpersonal communication; the second, the intersubjective determinants of the self-image; the third concerns the specific nature of the electronic image itself and the use of the equipment; lastly, the fourth raises the question of the actual purpose of this technique. By considering the various areas in depth we are better able to identify the real issues involved in the use of closed-circuit tv and to draw a number of lessons on the requirements for their use, and at the same time to open up prospects for the training of those who use this technique and for the future research in this field
Sordes-Ader, Florence. "Les conséquences psychologiques du cancer : anxiété, estime de soi, projets et stratégies de coping des adolescents." Toulouse 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996TOU20083.
Full textAt the beginning of the eighties, scarce were curable cancers. Tooday, the control of this disease has become possible in numerous cases. However that may be, this serious illness, accompanied by a strong negative representation, through the crisis it brings about, may cause great personal distress, which may lead to a breaking point. Our purpose in making this study is to analyse the psychological consequences of such an illness on the adolescent who has already been confronted with various changes : the bodyfigure, the feeling of his intellectual competences,. . . In our research, we will put the stress on the intensity of emotions faced with cancer, on self-image affected by treatments and by their effects, on the temporal aspect linked to the threat (of death ?), and also on the course of action to take to face the problem, which is of the utmost importance in the management of the stressfull situation. The population of this research is composed of 51 adolescents suffering from cancer, and of 51 adolescents so-called "tout venant", aged from 14 to 20. The impact of the disease is evaluated by means of questionnaires on anxiety, self-esteem, temporal horizon and plans, and finally, on coping strategies. We have brought to the fore, contrary to what we had expected, weaker anxiety and stronger sel-esteem with sick adolescents, especially with girls. This refers to denial, to over self-actualization, even, to the effect of social support. Plans for the future, and occupational
Gardien, Ève. "L'apprentissage social du corps : la rééducation et la réadaptation fonctionnelles de personnes paraplégiques et tétraplégiques." Grenoble 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003GRE29017.
Full textSuzor, Carole. "Miroirs : l'identité et l'intimité sexuelle chez les femmes ayant vécu l'expérience de l'ablation d'un sein." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/19952.
Full textNurra, Cécile. "La construction des évaluations de soi chez les enfants : rôle des perceptions d'autrui et de l'idéal de soi." Grenoble 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008GRE29039.
Full textWhat are the determinants of children self-evaluations? This is the question we tried to address in this thesis. Our goal was to understand self-evaluations as a whole. Hence, we were interested in both specific self-evaluations (i. E. , self-perceptions) and global selfevaluation (i. E. , self-esteem). In a first part, we studied specific self-evaluations construction in line with Cooley (1902) looking glass self hypothesis. According to this hypothesis, significant others’s actual appraisals have an effect on self-perceptions mediated by children perception of those actual appraisals. Our claim was that actual appraisal effect is specific to some domains and some significant others. The three presented studies gave empirical support to this hypothesis. In a second part, we studied global self-evaluation: self-esteem. In line with James’s (1890) idea, we were interested in ideal self effect on self-esteem. Our claim was that ideal self effect on self-esteem cannot be understood without taking into account a powerful moderator: the perceived control we think have over the achievement of ideal self. In this second part, the results of the four presented studies support this hypothesis. Taken together, these different studies allow us to study mediating and moderating processes carried out in children self-evaluations construction
Ndeke, Fidèle. "Étude exploratoire de l'image du corps chez les étudiants congolais de Bordeaux." Bordeaux 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989BOR21007.
Full textFor a number of social scientist, such as Fanon (1952) an increased contact between black and whites affects the negro's self-esteem, perception and body image as well as its influence his racial contacts readyness. We worked out with a sample of students from different ethnic groups : congolese, french caribeans, french to verify this thesis. As a result, it appear that the african self-esteem is as high as the one of the white student and his body image does not seem to be altered even though some european centered traits preferences have been observed. These results enabled us to state that increased interracial contact is not automatically disabling for congolese
Locatelli, Katia. "Le besoin de beauté : étude de la demande d'esthétisation de soi par la chirurgie." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCC082.
Full textObjective: The clinical encounter between a psychologist or psychiatrist and a subjectrequesting cosmetic surgery rouses some crucial questions: how can we understand the subject’s request to sculpt his body? What are the unconscious motives that could be hidden behind this kind of desire? And if the clinician is asked to express an opinion concerning the pertinence of an intervention request, which criteria should he or she follow? In others words, what could a subject’s disappointment or satisfaction with a surgical intervention teach us? This study aims to provide a greater comprehension of the subjective psychical process that could explain a cosmetic surgery request, in order to improve the care of patients undergoing aesthetic interventions. Methodology: In order to present a critical clarification of our object of study, we have analysed the theoretical contributions of psychoanalytic authors, and compared these with the experimental quantitative research on the subject. In parallel, we carried out thirty-five interviews with subjects requesting cosmetic surgery. These interviews were recorded, transcribed, and qualitatively analysed with the Grounded Theory method. Results: Qualitative analyses of the patient’-s’ speech allowed us to build a sequential model of the decision process involved in the resort to cosmetic surgery. A successive psychoanalytic reflexion permitted the integration of our qualitative research results with the international and interdisciplinary research. A larger theorization, taking into account the complexity underlying the desire for cosmetic surgery, was formulated. The need for beauty was identified as a central unifying phenomenon, playing an interpretative and decisive role in our final theorization. Conclusions: A better comprehension of a subject’s request for cosmetic surgery could constitute a considerable asset to surgeons, psychologists, or psychiatrists who are faced with the necessity to express an opinion on the decision to operate or not. The results of our study have allowed us to provide some solutions for successful interdisciplinary collaboration. We also suggest some prospective research directions to contribute valuable elements of comprehension for future professionals
Poussin, Marjorie. "Surdité congénitale et expérience subjective à l'adolescence : sentiment d'intégration, estime de soi, stress perçu et stratégies de coping." Toulouse 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002TOU20033.
Full textThis research studies the impact of deafness from birth and the process of socialization and personalization of the adolescent. We thus analyse the experience of the deaf adolescent through his feeling of integration, his self-esteem, his stress state as well as how well he can cope with a stressful situation. We also tried to define the impact of the mode of communication on these same processes (comparison bilingualisme/oralism). Other factors were considered, such as the mode of education, the degree of deafness, the level of understanding and of expression in French. These are just so many of the factors supposed to have an influence on the psychological processes examined. The population used in this research was constitued of 128 deaf adolescents and 133 adolescents with hearing, both boys and girls, aged 11 to 22. In order to evaluate the feeling of integration of the adolescents, we conceived a scale in reference to the theories of socialization. We used the Toulouse scales of self-esteem, stress and coping. Unexpectedly, the feeling of being integrated in their family and in the community (school and society) is upheld in spite of the difficulties of communication inherent to deafness. Nevertheless, it does present an obstacle in relationships with peers and this, mainly for girls. Deaf adolescents also suffer less stress, and have equal, if not more, self-esteem on the physical level. Oralism favours personal evaluation and the feeling of integration in the family. Moreover, deaf adolescents can control a difficult situation better, but try to avoid it more than adolescents with hearing. Finally, these psychological concepts are complex in the deaf population. Our results have made us conclude that deaf adolescents are well committed in the process of personalization. Not only are they capable of adapting, but they can also go beyond their deafness and develop positively
Lapointe, Karine. "La relation entre la faible estime de soi sociale et la phobie sociale." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/42629.
Full textEsnard, Catherine. "Rationalités et jugement social : une étude des déterminants contextuels du jugement social policier." Bordeaux 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001BOR20870.
Full textShould the question of validity of evaluative behavior and social judgments expressed daily by "professionals of the relation in others" be measured by normative criteria of a scientific nature ? In reexamining the classic paradigms of social perception, social cognition thus turns to a multidimensional conception of the modes of knowledge as well as towards new paths of reflection for "rationality of the inferences" (Drozda-Senkowska, 1995), logics of social thought and strategies of social judgment. In this perspective, this research has for objective the analysis of certain contextual factors susceptible of conditioning acceptance of one of the two main dimensions of rationality : scientific logic and pragmatic logic, in the elaboration of professional social judgment. This problem is applied here to the social judgment expressed within the framework of a police penal inquiry. This quasi-experimental study, using a methodology of a fictitious case, concerned a population of 252 police officer patrolmen. Results show a predominance of pragmatic police logic characterized by a hypothesis confirmed not only based on a procedural interpretation of the facts but also on first impressions of others. This pragmatic strategy is modulated benefiting an analytical strategy of a fase hypothesis when the context of judgment mobilizes cognitive and motivational factors connected to the accountability and social visibility of the judgment. It is reinforced in its personalized dimension when the context mitigates these same factors. Definitively, only the contingent factors in the context of judgment bring to date a cognitive flexibility of the policemen while their job related (rank, seniority) and ideological particularities have only a weak impact on the rational strategies of police social judgment. As hypothesis, a modelling of the internal dynamics of professional social judgment is proposed
Chanez-Roze, Joëlle. "L'image préétablie du " mongolien " : approche psychologique des aspects fondamentaux de la trisomie 21 : son impact sur la construction identitaire du sujet." Besançon, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002BESA1002.
Full textLacoste, Serge. "L'estime de soi et les stratégies de coping dans la professionnalisation du jeune footballeur : sa réussite sportive et professionnelle par son estime de soi et la gestion de ses émotions." Toulouse 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOU20003.
Full textThis research analyze the subject's interstructuration within the soccer training centre institution. The interest is the validation of new scales adapted to the population and the study of the interaction between the institutional framework and the soccer player's self-esteem, stress, coping stategies during his training period. This problematic is dealt in a transversal way involving 190 soccers of 15 to 19 years. In addition, we carried out a longitudinal analysis over the three years of training with 48 of theses training players. Our results show that the institutional decisions are in relation to soccer self-esteem developed by the teenager. Those feelings of personal value are decisive in the evaluation of the stressors, stress and the coping strategies. The improvement of the player's self-esteem brings a less significant perception of the stress and supports the use of the social support and control strategies. On another hand, a degradation of the institutional decisions associated with an increase in the perceived stress leads the teenager to stand back and to seek other activities
Tassin, Damien. "Les héros obscurs de l'historicité : La production de soi à travers les pratiques musicales rock." Paris 7, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA070054.
Full textThe research analyses the social back-up of musical practices from musical groups who have played "rock'n'roll (non-traditional popular music)" for several years. These practices cannot be merely classified as a kind of past-time for youngsters, they highlight a social segmentation and complexity which is beyond any simple sociological categorisation. "A comprehensive sociological analysis aims at grasping both the nature and the form of such an involvement ; the purpose is to analyse a process that appears closely linked to the characteristics and social values carried by rock'n'roll while being engraved within a social background devoted to the collective imagination". The development of the "identity" shows "the resistance of individuals to be organised and classified" according to any social norms and establishes, within the area of a socio-historical reality, the sense of togetherness and acting collectively which questions the very basis of the subject
Piquemal-Vieu, Laurencine. "Vieillir chez soi ou en maison de retraite : impact du lieu de vie sur la dynamique socio-personnelle : estime de soi, stress, coping, événements de vie et soutien social." Toulouse 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999TOU20066.
Full textThe considerable social and economic changes taking place in the 20th century have modified the ageing process. The fact that older generations no longer cohabit with their children and the rise in female employment have weakened family ties, with state welfare systems taking over. Old people are increasingly having to face old age alone, eitheir in their own home or in an institution, whereas they themselves accompanied their parents in growing old. Our study analyses the psychological and social effects on the aged, already faced with other losses of being placed in an old people's home. We studied the impact of place of residence on self-esteem, on the perception of daily life events and on the support available in time of need. Theses variables were related to the amount of stress generated ant on the coping strategies used to deal with it. Our sample consisted of 110 old people: 55 living at home and 55 in institutions. The impact of place of residence is evaluated using a series of scales (self-esteem, positive and negative events, stress abiblity to cope) and a questionnaire on support networks. Some of the results obtained confirmed our hypotheses: in old people's homes levels of self-esteem and enjoyment were lower, with wider use of passive coping strategies. However, place of residence was not a determining factor for overall stress levels, whilst tension related to state of health was greater in institutions, against a higher level of time-related tension in the home. Our results showed how a positive self-image in old age can favourably affect the psychophysiological impact of stress factors on the management of stress, the emotions and the support system. Furthermore, place of residence cannot alone explain the differences observed since two social and biological varaibles play at the beneficial role in enabling subjects to maintain a sense of identity and adapt to old age: the fact that responsabiblities have been taken throughout life and that no anti-depressant medication is taken
Flahault, Cécile. "De l'Autre au Même : problématique identitaire des greffes pulmonaires : étude en test-retest de l'adaptation psychologique, en fonction de leur représentation de soi, de sujets mucoviscidosiques confrontés à la transplantation." Paris 10, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA100185.
Full textThe aim of this study is to display the psychological adjustment in patients with cystic fibrosis facing lung transplantation. We have defined two groups of patients the ones whose identity perception is based on their disease, and the other ones for whose disease is different of being. We have compared these groups by a test-retest proceeding (before and alter transplantation), based on structured-interviews and Rorschach (Comprehensive System). The results show that patient's adjustment alter transplantation is depending on identity perception style. In every way, patients of each group are able to cope with the post-transplantation's situation, but their anxiety level is changing in accordance with their identity rehandlings, modifying consecutively their coping strategies
Bettayeb, Nahema. "Concept de soi et miroir social des enfants en milieu scolaire : étude du rôle des processus de comparaison sociale de soi et du soutien social." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BORD0897/document.
Full textThis dissertation focuses on children’s contribution to the relationship betweenlooking-glass-self and self-concept. This research has been inspired by James (1890),Baldwin (1897) and Wallon (1959) psychosocial work, especially Cooley’s conception of thelooking-glass-self theory (1902). Nurra & Pansu (2009) study has improved the lookingglass-self operationalization by taking into account the mediator role of vertical significantother’ reflected appraisal (parents and teacher). However, study emphasized that peers mayalso contribute to the looking-glass-self (Hue, 2006) and that children’s self-assessment mayemerge from peer’s comparison (Boissicat, et al., 2012). This research intends to develop thelooking-glass-self model by integrating the role of horizontal significant other’ reflectedappraisal at elementary school (peers), social comparison and social support in the emergenceof a sense of self. This study was conducted among 1073 elementary school children (51,35%girls; CE1 to CM2), their teacher’s (N = 43) and has examined self-concept using Harter’spsychometric scales (Harter, 1985; 2012). Results indicated mediating and moderatingeffects. Mediating analysis revealed that the relationship between teacher’s actual appraisaland child’s self-confidence could be partially mediated by teacher’s reflected appraisal. Therelationship between peer’s assessment and child’s self-confidence could be also partiallymediated by peer’s reflected appraisal. Results indicated that social comparison, socialsupport and the importance given to domains of competence could be considered asmoderators of the self-concept. This dissertation shows how significant other’s appraisaloperates in the class, their influence on the self-concept and children’s contribution throughthe filter of significant other's reflected appraisal in school context
Rozec, Valérie. "Perception et évaluation du confort sonore en zones 30." Paris 10, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA100129.
Full textWith too much focus on the noise pollution caused by road traffic, one tends to forget that sounds have different qualities. Our research made it possible to understand the determinants of sound comfort in "zones 30". In these zones, speed is reduced to 30km/h and the entries and exits are announced by roadsign. The studies relating to "zones 30" showed an increase in traffic safety and the development of the local life in these areas. Some studies were carried out on " 30 zones" or traffic calming but they didn't take into account the sonic environment as perceived by the locals. This is the reason why we decide to study this type of installation in particular. We studied the psychosocial processes and especially how the sounds were perceived and evaluated in those residential areas in addition to other contextual aspects. A questionnaire was carried out by interviewing 400 individuals representing cross-section of the area in regards to age, gender and socio-economic background. Two Parisian districts having both a "zone 30" were questioned to evaluate their framework of life, to characterize sound environment, sound comfort and to see the impact of these installations. We showed that the perception of sound comfort seems related to satisfaction with regard to housing, the evaluation of the social relations and various physical aspects of the area. Thus, the individual evaluates sound comfort through sensory and emotional dimensions. One is far from an evaluation of sound comfort based exclusively on the measure of noise levels
Croteau, Jessica. "Perceptions et influences des habitudes alimentaires dans les premières années d'un travail atypique : une étude qualitative." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/69485.
Full textThe purpose of this dissertation is (1) to examine the perception that shift workers have of the influence of physiological, psychological, psychophysiological and socioenvironmental aspects on their eating habits in the first years of shift work schedule, (2) identify barriers perceived to have healthy habits, including healthy eating habits, by shift workers with atypical working hours and (3) identify factors perceived to facilitate the adoption of healthy habits, including healthy eating habits, by shift workers with atypical work schedule. The following question will be answered: What meaning do healthcare workers give to their eating habits in the early years of shift work schedule? Nine (N = 9) shift workers who have worked on atypical working schedule for less than 6 years and who are between 23 and 33 years old took part in semi-structured individual interviews. An inductive thematic qualitative analysis of the participants' discourse was performed using QDA miner lite software. The results indicate that familial and social contexts, seasons, as well as sleep are the main themes that influence the construction of the meaning of eating habits for shift workers in the first years of their practice. An important interrelation between the physical, psychological, psychophysiological and socioenvironmental elements seems to exist and complexifies the construction of meaning for shift workers. The participants' speech highlights the difficulties that may arise in connection with their social relationships, seasons and their sleep, but also how these elements may have made life easier in some cases. Factors such as being in a relationship with a partner who also works on an atypical working schedule and having a more stable and less busy schedule also seem to lead to greater well-being in the first years of this type of work for some participants.
Cantin, Stéphane. "Changements dans le réseau de soutien social et la perception de soi des élèves lors de la transition scolaire primaire-secondaire." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/44267.
Full textAbbas, Nargis. "Towards a model of mathematics attitudes formation : Through the child's perception of social agents and self-beliefs." Strasbourg, 2011. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2011/ABBAS_Nargis_2011.pdf.
Full textIn mathematics education research, less work is documented on theorizing mathematics attitude and its formation process, especially in Pakistani context. Therefore, this study proposed a multi-dimensional concept of mathematics attitude based on two components (mathematics interest & mathematics belief). Further, it was theorized in the model that, the student’s evaluative inclinations about mathematics are the results of his private knowledge, constructed as a consequence of prior beliefs and affective reactions with mathematics, under the influence of psychological and social factors. Total 1499 students (671girls & 821boys) of grade six and nine from ten schools of Pakistan participated in this study. Results indicated that girls possessed significantly more positive “maths need belief”, while boys hold significantly more positive interest in the dimension of “enjoy doing maths”. Regarding parents’ education effect, low level of education caused strong “maths need belief” in students. In the hypothetical model, teacher affect significantly positive the mathematics attitude than parents, mediated through student’s maths self-concept and self-efficacy. Within the components of attitude, causality direction was found better from interest to belief. This research concluded that students’ differences in mathematics attitude are caused by the societal needs and expectations developed by parents and teachers, sometimes accompanied by stereotypic beliefs, which affect a boy and a girl differently. Findings of this study demand a review of already done researches on gender differences in mathematics attitude in the light of dimensional concept, proposed in this research
Kang, Pom-Seok. "L’influence du contexte social et culturel sur le concept de soi et les traits de personnalité." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015CLF20027/document.
Full textRecent researches have highlighted the role of categorization and social comparison process in understanding the gender differences and similarities at the level of self-concept. This thesis proposes a methodological and theoretical extension of these works to verify their soundness and assess their possible implications for the development of social psychology of personality. Thus, we first show that there are significant relations between several instruments for the measure self-concept, in confirming the validity of these instruments (study 1). The hypothesis of an interaction “gender X culture” on self-concept is then examined in a study comparing French and Korean students. As expected, the results show that gender differences on self are, no matter what self-concept measures are used, bigger in France than in South Korea. Then the studies 3, 4, and 5 seek to ascertain whether such manifestations of the malleability of the self-concept in different contexts may also be obtained by the measure of the personality traits. It is shown that there are gender stereotypes on certain personality traits of the five-factor model (Study 3 Study 4) and that the self-stereotyping process proposed by the self-categorization theory (Turner, 1987) seems to actually influence the manifestation of personality traits. Studies 4 and 5, using the original experimental paradigms, help to highlight the conditions under which individuals will "change" their personality according to the situation where they find themselves. These results suggest that there exist certain personality traits stable and they do not change according to the situation but there also exist certain traits that vary significantly in accordance with social interaction and self-categorization process
Boivin, Annie. "L'art de la négociation entre son contexte de vie et le diabète de type 2 : stratégies d'autogestion développées par les femmes de l'île de la Réunion." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26071/26071.pdf.
Full textThis master’s thesis concerns type 2 diabetes self-management strategies developed by the women of Reunion Island. Our research was conducted in the French Overseas Department where 15 % of adults are affected by this disease. We were inspired by the model described by Kleinman et al. (1978) and Young (1982) on the three dimensions of the disease, namely disease / illness / sickness, further developed by Massé (1995), to understand how women managed to cope with diabetes in their social and family environment. Data for the analysis was collected using individual interviews as well as one focus group. The women who succeeded in managing their diabetes more efficiently are the ones who managed to create a sphere of negotiation between medical advice and their life context. We first describe the reality of women through their culture, roles and obligations. The medical recommendations are then presented which, considering the biological dimension of the disease (disease), are often disembodied from what women live. Finally, we see how using lay knowledge, which can be described as an interpretation of medical, alternative and popular discourses, as well as one’s own experiences, helped these women to successfully develop strategies to negotiate between their everyday lives and the constraints of the disease. Some facilitators of the negotiation process are also identified. Those people that have found the means to adapt to the disease could potentially be involved in the development of intervention processes based on lay knowledge which would be better adapted to the reality of diabetic people living in Reunion Island, where this disease is on the rise.
Dubost, Isabelle. "De soi aux autres. . . Un parcours périlleux : la construction d'un territoire par les pêcheurs martiniquais." Toulouse 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996TOU20031.
Full textThe identity of fishermen from martinique is maritime, territory and creole. The social context, inherited from slavery, colonization and from the status of overseas region of france, is built on a rigid social-racial hierarchy, at the bottom of wich are the fishermen. Their world relies on two values. The first one is personnal freedom and success. The second value promotes the idea of a necessary equality amongst individuals. The contradiction between these two moral values generates a strong individualism, resulting from a logic based on social advancement. The ritual combining magic and religion as well sorcery are the expression of the social interactions, a source of conflits and solidarity as well. The coastal communities are actually submitted to a very strong social control. The territory is very well socially structured, with a grouped settlement wich submits each person to the control of people. This social control is counterbalanced by a scattered pattern of work relationships, with limited exchanges. Facing this collective contraint, the individual rejects every thing linked to a status restricting his autonomy, and leans toward pratices wich favor social advancement, disregarding others. The fishing rituals facilate this social advancement, becoming better fisherman than others and protecting himself from their envy. Otherness is dangerous and generates suspicion and jalousy. Therefore, the privatization maintains a social concensus in order to protect oneself from others. The "social imaginary" of the fishermen is built on pratices and institutions connected to a "system of interpretation" which refers to evil and fate