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Hernández-Alfaro, Federico. "Syndrome d’hyperdivergence faciale." L'Orthodontie Française 87, no. 4 (December 2016): 479–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/orthodfr/2016037.
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Introduction : Depuis que les analyses céphalométriques existent, un nombre significatif de méthodes d’évaluation de la dimension verticale squelettique a été proposé. De notre point de vue, le diagnostic d’une dysmorphie de la dimension verticale n’a rien à voir avec les chiffres et les mesures. Tout est affaire de perception et plutôt d’impressions subjectives. Cette impression de face longue survient quand un facteur isolé ou plusieurs causes sont réunies : excès vertical maxillaire, infraclusie, excès vertical antérieur mandibulaire, face étroite, manque de définition menton-cou Méthode : La planification du traitement est suivie d’une simulation 3D et de la conception-fabrication par ordinateur (CAD-CAM) de gouttières chirurgicales. Conclusion : La prise en charge chirurgicale des cas présentant une hyperdivergence faciale met en jeu différentes stratégies thérapeutiques qui peuvent être utilisées isolément ou combinées : impaction maxillaire, réduction verticale du menton, rotation antihoraire du plan occlusal.
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Gatignol, Peggy, I. Bernat, F. Tankere, C. Sain Oulhen, T. Truong Tan, and G. Lamas. "Perception et production des émotions au cours d’une paralysie faciale." Kinésithérapie, la Revue 11, no. 109-110 (January 2011): 87–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1779-0123(11)75041-0.
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Laverdière, Roxanne, Lye-Ann Robichaud, Annie Toulouse-Fournier, Audrey Marcoux, and Philip Jackson. "Influence du genre sur la perception de l'empathie à l'aide d'avatars." Psycause : revue scientifique étudiante de l'École de psychologie de l'Université Laval 10, no. 2 (November 20, 2020): 13–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.51656/psycause.v10i2.40770.
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L’empathie, soit la capacité de comprendre et partager les émotions d’autrui, peut s’exprimer par le langage non verbal, notamment par l’entremise d’avatars dans les plateformes virtuelles en clinique et en recherche. Cependant, l’influence du genre dans l’interaction humain-avatar demeure encore inconnue. Cette étude en ligne vise à évaluer si la perception de l’empathie varie en fonction du genre du participant (homme/femme) et de la représentation de l’avatar (masculin/féminin), indépendamment des comportements non verbaux affichés par les avatars (Contact visuel; Expression faciale congruente; Inclinaison du tronc). Cent vingt adultes de la population générale âgés entre 18 et 60 ans ont été recrutés (76 s’identifiant comme une femme). Ils ont visionné des vidéos d’avatars (deux masculins et deux féminins) affichant différents comportements non verbaux, puis ont évalué l’empathie qu’ils percevaient. Les résultats de l’ANOVA factorielle mixte montrent que les participants perçoivent significativement plus d’empathie lorsqu’exprimée par des avatars féminins, ce qui est congruent avec les stéréotypes liés aux genres. Les résultats montrent également que le genre du participant n’influence pas le niveau l’empathie perçue. Les données obtenues montrent l’importance d’une représentation d’avatar féminin et permettront d’améliorer les plateformes virtuelles existantes, en plus d’améliorer les connaissances sur les interactions empathiques humain-machine.
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Faure, Jacques, and Yves Bolender. "L’appréciation de la beauté : revue de littérature." L'Orthodontie Française 85, no. 1 (March 2014): 3–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/orthodfr/2013073.
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Le jugement esthétique est bien sûr subjectif, mais ceci n’exclut pas une étude rigoureuse mettant en jeu des méthodes scientifiques. La base factuelle de la «science de l’esthétique» ne doit pas établir qu’une personne ou une image est «objectivement» belle, mais elle doit plutôt déterminer comment un groupe social représentatif ou des jurys ressentent cet «objet esthétique» comme beau ou laid. Le but de cet article est la revue des aspects définitionnels, théoriques et méthodologiques de la perception par un groupe social homogène et représentatif, du caractère attractif d’un visage ou d’un sourire. La première partie pose les principes de l’attirance faciale : la perception suppose un jury, un champ d’investigation, et un test susceptible de produire des données quantifiées; les déterminants généraux de la beauté sont ensuite passés en revue : la morphologie moyenne, le background culturel du juge, la numérologie, l’origine ethnique du juge. Les déterminants indirects qui peuvent intervenir sont la denture, l’architecture osseuse et l’enveloppe musculaire. Des facteurs perturbateurs altérant le jugement peuvent être mis en cause; ce sont des facteurs périphériques comme la coiffure et la couleur des cheveux, la texture de la peau, les rides, le rouge à lèvres... ou des facteurs psycho-sociaux comme l’aura du sujet évalué, son intelligence, son comportement. La seconde partie traite de la méthodologie employée pour apprécier «l’attractivité» d’une face et la corréler avec telle ou telle morphologie. Classiquement ceci est réalisé en déterminant la préférence esthétique moyenne pour divers groupes d’images faciales au sein d’un jury qui a pour tache spécifique d’estimer leurs qualités esthétiques. L’échantillon à juger, la présentation des documents, le ou les jurys, la procédure de notation sont discutés; ils doivent être précisés avant de commencer la collecte des données. Une attention spécifique est enfin portée sur la démarche d’appréciation associée à telle ou telle morphologie, décrite par des méthodes morpho-métriques. L’objectif ultime est bien sûr la sélection des morphologies les plus attractives pour nos patients.
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Ferney, Pauline, François Clauss, Damien Offner, and Delphine Wagner. "Intérêt prophylactique et thérapeutique des chewing-gums sans sucre en orthodontie. Une étude menée auprès de professionnels de santé et de patients." L'Orthodontie Française 88, no. 3 (September 2017): 275–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/orthodfr/2017020.
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Objectif : L’objectif de cette étude est d’évaluer le niveau de connaissances des professionnels de santé bucco-dentaire et des patients au sujet du rôle prophylactique et thérapeutique de la consommation des chewing-gums sans sucre. Matériels et Méthodes : Une étude transversale monocentrique de perception portant sur le niveau d’information relatif aux effets de la consommation des chewing-gums sans sucre a été menée auprès de 135 patients adolescents, âgés de 11 à 17 ans, porteurs d’un dispositif orthodontique fixe et traités au sein de l’Unité Fonctionnelle d’Orthopédie Dento-Faciale du pôle de Médecine et de Chirurgie Bucco-dentaires des Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, et de 34 praticiens au sein de l’Unité Fonctionnelle d’Orthopédie Dento-Faciale et d’Odontologie Pédiatrique. Les données ont été recueillies entre mai 2016 et juillet 2016. Deux questionnaires distincts, à la terminologie adaptée, ont été élaborés pour chacune des deux populations, ils abordent les mêmes thématiques. Résultats : La majorité des individus des deux populations étudiées pensent que la consommation de chewing-gum sans sucre entraîne un risque accru de décollement ou de fracture de l’appareil orthodontique et qu’elle ne permet pas une diminution de la douleur orthodontique. Discussion : Nos résultats corroborent le fait que les connaissances, le plus souvent acquises de façon empirique, sont à l’encontre des données de la littérature actuelle. L’évaluation du niveau de connaissance prouve qu’il existe un réel déficit d’information quant aux intérêts prophylactiques de la consommation des chewing-gums sans sucre chez les patients porteurs d’un dispositif orthodontique. Conclusions : Cette étude met en évidence le besoin de campagnes d’information et de prévention bucco-dentaire destinées aussi bien aux professionnels de santé qu’au grand public portant sur les intérêts prophylactiques et antalgiques des chewing-gums sans sucre dans le cadre des traitements orthodontiques.
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Lefevre, Carmen E., and Gary J. Lewis. "Perceiving Aggression from Facial Structure: Further Evidence for A Positive Association with Facial Width–To–Height Ratio and Masculinity, but Not for Moderation by Self–Reported Dominance." European Journal of Personality 28, no. 6 (November 2014): 530–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/per.1942.
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Recent work has indicated that individual differences in facial structure are linked to perceptions of aggressiveness. In particular, the relative width of a face [facial width–to–height ratio (fWHR)] has been suggested to be a reliable cue to aggressive behaviour, at least in men. Additionally, facial masculinity has been associated with perceptions of dominance, a close proxy of aggressiveness. In two studies, we assessed the robustness of this link using faces transformed along these vectors in men (Studies 1 and 2) and women (Study 2). Additionally, we examined whether individual differences in self–reported dominance of perceivers moderated this association in order to extend previous work indicating that own dominance affects perception of such behaviour in others. Results indicated that both male and female faces with increased fWHR and increased facial masculinity were perceived as more aggressive. However, we found no systematic evidence for moderating effects of self–reported dominance on the perception of aggression in others. Taken together, these results further support the robustness of fWHR and facial masculinity as cues to aggressiveness but question whether observers’ own dominance moderates their perception of these cues in others. Copyright © 2013 European Association of Personality Psychology
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Tobiasen, Joyce M., and John M. Hiebert. "Combined Effects of Severity of Cleft Impairment and Facial Attractiveness on Social Perception: An Experimental Study." Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal 30, no. 1 (January 1993): 82–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1597/1545-1569_1993_030_0082_ceosoc_2.3.co_2.
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Children and adolescents provided their impressions of stimulus faces that systematically varied in attractiveness and severity of cleft impairment. The results indicated that facial attractiveness is a consistent characteristic of cleft-impaired faces. However, facial attractiveness did not moderate the negative impact of cleft impairment on social perception. Reduced severity of impairment did moderate the negativity of social perception. The implications of these findings for our understanding of the effects of cleft impairment on social perceptions are discussed.
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Akram, Umair, Rachel Sharman, and Amy Newman. "Altered Perception of Facially Expressed Tiredness in Insomnia." Perception 47, no. 1 (August 11, 2017): 105–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0301006617725241.
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The present study compared normal sleepers and individuals displaying insomnia symptoms in their ratings for the expression intensity of tiredness and alertness whilst observing tired and neutral faces. Fifty-six normal sleepers and 58 individuals with insomnia symptoms observed 98 facial photographs (49 neutral, 49 tired). Using a visual analogue scale, participants were required to rate the extent to which each face appeared as tired and alert. Tired faces were created by manipulating neutral photographs to include previously identified facial tiredness cues. All participants rated sleep-related faces as more tired and less alert relative to neutral photographs. A significant Group × Face × Rating interaction demonstrated that, compared with normal sleepers, the insomnia symptoms group showed lower ratings for the expression of tiredness, but not alertness, whilst observing the tired faces. The findings suggest that the presence of insomnia symptoms is associated with reduced ratings of expression intensity for sleep-related facial photographs displaying tiredness. These outcomes add to the body of literature on how facial cues of tiredness are perceived by those with insomnia symptoms. Further work is required to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the relationship between insomnia symptoms and reduced perceptions of facially expressed tiredness.
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Lu, Yan, Jie Yang, Kaida Xiao, Michael Pointer, Changjun Li, and Sophie Wuerger. "Investigation of effect of skin tone to facial attractiveness." Color and Imaging Conference 2020, no. 28 (November 4, 2020): 25–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2352/issn.2169-2629.2020.28.5.
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Previous research has shown the perceptual importance of skin tone appearance and how it contributes to perceived facial attractiveness, yet facial-colour perceptions may vary with different ethnic groups. This research was designed to explore the cross-cultural effects of the facial skin tone on perceived attractiveness between Caucasian (CA) and Chinese (CH) observers. 80 images of real human faces were used for facial attractiveness assessment by the two groups of observers using the categorical judgment method. The results showed overall similar preference but fine-scale differences in the perception of their own-ethnic facial images and other-ethnic facial images. Both groups of observers tended to use different criteria when judging the facial tone of different ethnic groups. Our findings show the aesthetic difference of different cultures in perceptions and underline the important role of ethnic differences with respect to skin tone preference.
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Reed, J. Ann, and Elizabeth M. Blunk. "THE INFLUENCE OF FACIAL HAIR ON IMPRESSION FORMATION." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 18, no. 1 (January 1, 1990): 169–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.1990.18.1.169.
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The influence of facial hair on the perception of a job applicant by persons in business was examined in this study. Subjects were 228 persons in management positions who made hiring decisions. Subjects were shown ink sketches of six male job applicants. The sketches varied on three facial hair dimensions-clean shaven, moustached, and bearded. Sketches were evaluated on semantic differential scales. Results indicated consistently more positive perceptions of social/physical attractiveness, personality, competency, and composure for men with facial hair.
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Witkower, Zachary, and Jessica L. Tracy. "A Facial-Action Imposter: How Head Tilt Influences Perceptions of Dominance From a Neutral Face." Psychological Science 30, no. 6 (April 22, 2019): 893–906. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0956797619838762.
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Research on face perception tends to focus on facial morphology and the activation of facial muscles while ignoring any impact of head position. We raise questions about this approach by demonstrating that head movements can dramatically shift the appearance of the face to shape social judgments without engaging facial musculature. In five studies (total N = 1,517), we found that when eye gaze was directed forward, tilting one’s head downward (compared with a neutral angle) increased perceptions of dominance, and this effect was due to the illusory appearance of lowered and V-shaped eyebrows caused by a downward head tilt. Tilting one’s head downward therefore functions as an action-unit imposter, creating the artificial appearance of a facial action unit that has a strong effect on social perception. Social judgments about faces are therefore driven not only by facial shape and musculature but also by movements in the face’s physical foundation: the head.
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Graziela Hernandes Volpato, Renata Rodrigues de Almeida-Pedrin, Marcio Rodrigues de Almeida, Paula Vanessa Pedron Oltramari, Thais Maria Freire Fernandes, and Ana Cláudia de Castro Ferreira Conti. "Percepção da Estética Facial em Relação ao Tratamento Ortodôntico: Revisão de Literatura." Ensaios e Ciência C Biológicas Agrárias e da Saúde 25, no. 2 (June 29, 2021): 243–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.17921/1415-6938.2021v25n2p243-251.
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A preocupação com a percepção dos pacientes em relação à estética facial evidencia uma mudança de paradigma uma vez que durante o planejamento ortodôntico cada vez mais a opinião dos pacientes tem sido considerada, decisão que no passado era quase que exclusivamente profissional. Com essa mudança, se torna imprescindível quantificar a percepção do próprio paciente em relação à má oclusão e ao comprometimento facial associado a ela, visando estabelecer estratégias de tratamento exequíveis e que contemplam as queixas dos pacientes. Esta revisão de literatura teve como objetivo revisar estudos sobre a percepção da estética facial no tratamento ortodôntico. O desenvolvimento desta revisão foi realizado por meio de plataformas de buscas de pesquisas científicas como: PubMed, Medline e SciElo, utilizando os termos: agradabilidade facial, percepção, e análise facial para seleção dos artigos. Foram encontrados 143 artigos com buscas pelas palavras-chave, porém, 61 artigos envolviam pesquisas na área da cirurgia plástica, psicologia e otorrinolaringologia, sendo excluídos da coleta de dados, 19 artigos não indexados, 22 estudos eram teses e dissertações, no qual também foram excluídos. Por fim, foram incluídos 41 artigos na área da Ortodontia sobre tópicos que contemplavam a avaliação da percepção facial por diferentes avaliadores, assim como fatores que pudessem influenciar nessa percepção. Com base na literatura acerca do tema, pôde-se concluir que vários fatores podem influenciar a percepção da estética facial e que mais estudos devem ser realizados, visando entender as diferentes percepções da estética facial com o objetivo de alinhar as expectativas entre pacientes e profissionais. Palavras-chave: Agradabilidade Facial. Percepção. Análise Facial. Abstract The concern with the patient’s facial perception shows a paradigm shift, in which the decision of the treatment plan previously made only by orthodontists today includes more and more the participation of patients. With this change, it is essential to quantify the patient’s perception of malocclusion and the facial impairment associated, in order to establish feasible treatment strategies that address patients’ complaints. This literature review aimed to evaluate studies regarding the perception of facial aesthetics in orthodontic treatment. The development of this review was carried out by scientific search platforms such as: PubMed, Medline and SciElo, using the terms: facial pleasantness, perception, and facial analysis for the selection of articles. A total of 143 articles were found, however, 61 articles involved research in the field of plastic surgery, psychology and otorhinolaryngology, 19 were non-indexed articles, 22 studies were theses and dissertations and were excluded. Finally, 41 articles in the area of orthodontics were included, which dealt with topics on the assessment of perception by different evaluators, factors that could influence the perception of facial aesthetics. Based on the literature revised on this topic, it was concluded that several factors can influence the perception of facial aesthetics and that more studies should be carried out, aiming to understand the different perceptions of facial aesthetics with the objective to align expectations between patients and professionals. Keywords: Facial Pleasantness. Perception. Facial Analysis.
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Kościński, Krzysztof. "Facial attractiveness: Variation, adaptiveness and consequences of facial preferences." Anthropological Review 71, no. 1 (January 1, 2008): 77–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10044-008-0012-6.
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Facial attractiveness: Variation, adaptiveness and consequences of facial preferencesThis review embraces the following topics: intra- and inter-populational variation of facial preferences, relationship between facial attractiveness and mate value, biological and social effects of the perception of facial attractiveness, credibility of the adaptive perspective on facial preferences, and the phylogeny of facial attractiveness. Its main conclusions are as follows: (1) Many sources of inter-individual variation in assessments of facial attractiveness have been identified, e.g., the age, sex, biological quality, physiological state, personality, and living situation of the judge, as well as previously observed faces, physical similarity of the focal face to the judge's face, and acquaintance with and knowledge of the face owner. (2) Inter-populational consistency in perception of facial attractiveness is substantial and possesses both a biological and a cultural basis. (3) Facial attractiveness is a reliable cue to biological quality of the face owner, e.g., better parasite resistance, physical fitness, reproductive fitness, longevity, less mutational load, higher intelligence and better mental health. (4) Facially attractive people have more sexual partners, marry at a younger age, and remain single less frequently. Thereby, they have higher reproductive success than unattractive individuals. (5) As a whole, research supports the thesis that facial preferences are adaptive, that is, they evolved during the course of biological evolution because they assisted an individual in choosing a mate with good genes or a good personality.
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Zhang, Jian, Ruomin Wang, and Yunzhen Xue. "Deconstructing Mechanisms of Abnormal Categorical Perception of Emotional Facial Expressions in Schizophrenia Patients." Psychiatry Investigation 19, no. 12 (December 25, 2022): 991–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.30773/pi.2022.0215.
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Objective The current study aims to find out the potential reasons why most schizophrenia patients have a relatively low sensitivity to the classification of emotional facial expressions.Methods By using an emotional categorical perception task, eighty-three schizophrenia patients and seventy-one healthy adults are provided with morphed emotional continuums with two emotional facial expressions (a positive emotional valence: happy; a negative emotional valence: sad).Results Through comparing the difference between schizophrenia patients and healthy adults in the processes of estimating facial expressions with ambiguous emotions, we find that the pattern of emotional categorical perception for schizophrenia patients is significantly different from that of healthy controls when they process signals on the local facial areas. Compared to healthy people, schizophrenia patients have a significantly separate classification pattern in processing emotional signals between the eyes and mouth regions. It indicates that compared to healthy adults, schizophrenia patients have larger conflicts in integrating emotional signals from different facial areas. To overcome conflicts, more cognitive resources are required. Unfortunately, the lack of cognitive resources leads to the failure of integration, which further increases the difficulty of estimating facial expressions with ambiguous emotions, and finally leads to the relatively low sensitivity of emotional facial expressions classification.Conclusion To sum up, the deficit of abnormal perceptions of emotional facial expressions in schizophrenia patients results from an integrated deficit of signals on facial areas.
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Cole, Jonathan. "Living with difficulties of facial processing." Facial Information Processing 8, no. 1 (May 17, 2000): 237–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/pc.8.1.10col.
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The present paper considers the processing of facial information from a personal and narrative aspect, attempting to address the effects that deficits in such processing have on people’s perceptions of themselves and of others. The approach adopted has been a narrative and mainly subjective one, entering the experience of several subjects with facial problems to tease out the interactions between their facial problems and their relations with others. The subjects are those with blindness, either congenital or acquired, autism, Moebius syndrome (the congenital absence of facial expression), Bell’s palsy and facial disfigurement. From these biographical experiences the effect of facial problems on people’s perception of self and their social existence is explored. Facial information processing is being examined to brilliant effect scientifically: the effects of problems in the system on individuals’ self esteem may be informed, in part, by a clinical, descriptive approach.
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Salminen, Joni, Sercan Şengün, João M. Santos, Soon-Gyo Jung, and Bernard Jansen. "Can Unhappy Pictures Enhance the Effect of Personas? A User Experiment." ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction 29, no. 2 (April 30, 2022): 1–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3485872.
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There has been little research into whether a persona's picture should portray a happy or unhappy individual. We report a user experiment with 235 participants, testing the effects of happy and unhappy image styles on user perceptions, engagement, and personality traits attributed to personas using a mixed-methods analysis. Results indicate that the participant's perceptions of the persona's realism and pain point severity increase with the use of unhappy pictures. In contrast, personas with happy pictures are perceived as more extroverted, agreeable, open, conscientious, and emotionally stable. The participants’ proposed design ideas for the personas scored more lexical empathy scores for happy personas. There were also significant perception changes along with the gender and ethnic lines regarding both empathy and perceptions of pain points. Implications are the facial expression in the persona profile can affect the perceptions of those employing the personas. Therefore, persona designers should align facial expressions with the task for which the personas will be employed. Generally, unhappy images emphasize realism and pain point severity, and happy images invoke positive perceptions.
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Neal, David T., and Tanya L. Chartrand. "Embodied Emotion Perception." Social Psychological and Personality Science 2, no. 6 (April 21, 2011): 673–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1948550611406138.
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How do we recognize the emotions other people are feeling? One source of information may be facial feedback signals generated when we automatically mimic the expressions displayed on others' faces. Supporting this “embodied emotion perception,” dampening (Experiment 1) and amplifying (Experiment 2) facial feedback signals, respectively, impaired and improved people’s ability to read others' facial emotions. In Experiment 1, emotion perception was significantly impaired in people who had received a cosmetic procedure that reduces muscular feedback from the face (Botox) compared to a procedure that does not reduce feedback (a dermal filler). Experiment 2 capitalized on the fact that feedback signals are enhanced when muscle contractions meet resistance. Accordingly, when the skin was made resistant to underlying muscle contractions via a restricting gel, emotion perception improved, and did so only for emotion judgments that theoretically could benefit from facial feedback.
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Montepare, Joann M., and Leslie Zebrowitz-McArthur. "Children's Perceptions of Babyfaced Adults." Perceptual and Motor Skills 69, no. 2 (October 1989): 467–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1989.69.2.467.
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Drawing on McArthur and Baron's (1983) ecological theory of social perception, the present research examined younger and older children's ability to differentiate male and female adults who varied in the babyishness of their facial appearance. Children's perceptions of the targets' dominance and warmth were also assessed. Systematic effects were found on all measures and were qualified by targets' sex and children's age group.
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Volkmar, Fred R., Sara S. Sparrow, Richard D. Rende, and Donald J. Cohen. "Facial Perception in Autism." Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry 30, no. 4 (July 1989): 591–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.1989.tb00270.x.
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Dey, Jacob K., Masaru Ishii, Kofi D. O. Boahene, Patrick J. Byrne, and Lisa E. Ishii. "Changing perception: Facial reanimation surgery improves attractiveness and decreases negative facial perception." Laryngoscope 124, no. 1 (June 26, 2013): 84–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.24262.
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Ferstl, Ylva, Michael McKay, and Rachel McDonnell. "Facial Feature Manipulation for Trait Portrayal in Realistic and Cartoon-Rendered Characters." ACM Transactions on Applied Perception 18, no. 4 (October 31, 2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3486579.
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Previous perceptual studies on human faces have shown that specific facial features have consistent effects on perceived personality and appeal, but it remains unclear if and how findings relate to perception of virtual characters. For example, wider human faces have been found to appear more aggressive and dominant, whereas studies on virtual characters have shown opposite trends but have suffered from significant eeriness of exaggerated features. In this study, we use highly realistic virtual faces obtained from 3D scanning, as well as cartoon-rendered counterparts retaining facial proportions. We assess the effects of facial width and eye size on perceptions of appeal, trustworthiness, aggressiveness, dominance, and eeriness. Our manipulations did not affect eeriness, and we find the same perceptual trends previously reported for human faces.
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Barabanschikov, V. A., and O. A. Korolkova. "Perception of “Live” Facial Expressions." Experimental Psychology (Russia) 13, no. 3 (2020): 55–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/exppsy.2020130305.
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The article provides a review of experimental studies of interpersonal perception on the material of static and dynamic facial expressions as a unique source of information about the person’s inner world. The focus is on the patterns of perception of a moving face, included in the processes of communication and joint activities (an alternative to the most commonly studied perception of static images of a person outside of a behavioral context). The review includes four interrelated topics: face statics and dynamics in the recognition of emotional expressions; specificity of perception of moving face expressions; multimodal integration of emotional cues; generation and perception of facial expressions in communication processes. The analysis identifies the most promising areas of research of face in motion. We show that the static and dynamic modes of facial perception complement each other, and describe the role of qualitative features of the facial expression dynamics in assessing the emotional state of a person. Facial expression is considered as part of a holistic multimodal manifestation of emotions. The importance of facial movements as an instrument of social interaction is emphasized.
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Oh, Jin-Hyoung, Jae Hyun Park, Heon Jae Cho, Hye Young Seo, and Jong-Moon Chae. "A CBCT Evaluation of Esthetic Preference Regarding the Perceived Facial Attractiveness of Young Korean Female Adults with a Normal Skeletal Pattern." Sensors 22, no. 19 (September 25, 2022): 7258. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22197258.
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The aim of this study was to determine the factors that affect esthetic preference regarding the perceived facial attractiveness of young Korean female adults with a normal skeletal pattern using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). After reorienting the CBCT images of 40 young Korean female adults, three-dimensional (3D) measurements were analyzed, and five 3D facial images were digitally constructed. A computer-based questionnaire was used to determine perceived facial attractiveness by scoring from 1 (very unattractive) to 10 (very attractive). Esthetic perception and the most influential facial view and component were examined and compared by orthodontists, general dentists, and laypeople to evaluate facial attractiveness. Compared to the unattractive group, the attractive group had significantly greater values for Pog-NB, L1SI-FH, U lip thickness, L lip-U lip, and Nasolabial angle, along with significantly lower values for U1SI-FH and Cant of U lip; the attractive group also had a more retruded U1MP (p < 0.01), L1MP (p < 0.01), U lip (p < 0.05), and L lip (p < 0.01) relative to N, as well as a more retruded U lip (p < 0.05) and L lip (p <0.001) relative to esthetic lines. Orthodontists and general dentists were more likely to consider the profile view. When evaluating facial attractiveness, orthodontists and laypeople more often focused on the lips and chin. When evaluating facial attractiveness, all evaluators showed a high esthetic preference for retroclination and retrusion of the incisors and lips, but there were some differences in how they perceived facial attractiveness. Therefore, the ultimate perception of facial attractiveness needs to be based on the esthetic perceptions of laypeople.
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Knappmeyer, B., I. M. Thornton, N. Etcoff, and H. H. Bulthoff. "Facial motion and the perception of facial attractiveness." Journal of Vision 2, no. 7 (March 15, 2010): 612. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/2.7.612.
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Lyons, M. J., K. Morikawa, and S. Akamatsu. "Gabor-based Coding and Facial Similarity Perception." Perception 26, no. 1_suppl (August 1997): 250. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/v970335.
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Little is known about how facial representation in the face-selective areas of inferotemporal cortex is built up from the output of earlier visual areas such as primary visual cortex (area V1). We report work on a model of perceived facial similarity based on topographically ordered aggregates of localised, oriented, and spatial-frequency-selective receptive fields characteristic of V1 cells. The receptive fields are approximated with a set of Gabor filters. This Gabor-based code allows representation of the fine differences in texture and configuration needed for facial discrimination processes. Lyons and Morikawa (1996 Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science37 910), showed that Gabor-based similarity is a good predictor of facial similarity for comparisons of fairly similar faces but not sufficient to model experience-dependent effects such as the ‘other race effect’. Here we report results of a study on the effects of image negation on facial similarity perception. Negation of image gray levels interferes with face recognition (Bruce and Lanton, 1994 Perception23 803 – 822) while preserving 2-D facial-shape information. The Gabor similarity measure models non-endstopped complex cells of V1 and is not affected by image negation. One group of subjects judged similarity among a set of normal gray-scale facial images while another group judged similarity between negative images of the same stimuli. Agreement between the model and human subjects did not decrease with image negation. Moreover, human similarity ratings between negative faces were strongly correlated with those between positives. These results support Gabor-based similarity as a model for facial similarity perception.
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Tobimatsu, Shozo. "Visual Gnosis and Face Perception." International Journal of Computational Models and Algorithms in Medicine 3, no. 4 (October 2012): 11–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijcmam.2012100102.
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There are two major parallel pathways in humans: the parvocellular (P) and magnocellular (M) pathways. The former has excellent spatial resolution with color selectivity, while the latter shows excellent temporal resolution with high contrast sensitivity. Visual stimuli should be tailored to answer specific clinical and/or research questions. This chapter examines the neural mechanisms of face perception using event-related potentials (ERPs). Face stimuli of different spatial frequencies were used to investigate how low-spatial-frequency (LSF) and high-spatial-frequency (HSF) components of the face contribute to the identification and recognition of the face and facial expressions. The P100 component in the occipital area (Oz), the N170 in the posterior temporal region (T5/T6) and late components peaking at 270-390 ms (T5/T6) were analyzed. LSF enhanced P100, while N170 was augmented by HSF irrespective of facial expressions. This suggested that LSF is important for global processing of facial expressions, whereas HSF handles featural processing. There were significant amplitude differences between positive and negative LSF facial expressions in the early time windows of 270-310 ms. Subsequently, the amplitudes among negative HSF facial expressions differed significantly in the later time windows of 330–390 ms. Discrimination between positive and negative facial expressions precedes discrimination among different negative expressions in a sequential manner based on parallel visual channels. Interestingly, patients with schizophrenia showed decreased spatial frequency sensitivities for face processing. Taken together, the spatially filtered face images are useful for exploring face perception and recognition.
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Anaki, David, Elena I. Nica, and Morris Moscovitch. "Automatic Aspects in Face Perception." Experimental Psychology 58, no. 1 (May 1, 2011): 4–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1618-3169/a000061.
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We examined the perceptual dependency of local facial information on the whole facial context. In Experiment 1 participants matched a predetermined facial feature that appeared in two sequentially presented faces judging whether it is identical or not, while ignoring an irrelevant dimension in the faces. This irrelevant dimension was either (a) compatible or incompatible with the target’s response and (b) same or different in either featural characteristics or metric distance between facial features in the two faces. A compatibility effect was observed for upright but not inverted faces, regardless of the type of change that differentiated between the faces in the irrelevant dimension. Even when the target was presented upright in the inverted faces, to attenuate perceptual load, no compatibility effect was found (Experiment 2). Finally, no compatibility effects were found for either upright or inverted houses (Experiment 3). These findings suggest that holistic face perception is mandatory.
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de Bordes, Pieter F., Fred Hasselman, and Ralf F. A. Cox. "Children’s perception of facial expressions." Developmental Psychology 57, no. 4 (April 2021): 506–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/dev0000979.
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Kerr, W. J. S., and J. M. O'Donnell. "Panel Perception of Facial Attractiveness." British Journal of Orthodontics 17, no. 4 (November 1990): 299–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/bjo.17.4.299.
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Luo, Anna X., and Guomei Zhou. "Ensemble perception of facial attractiveness." Journal of Vision 18, no. 8 (August 13, 2018): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/18.8.7.
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Hojjat, Houmehr, Richard Raad, Jordyn Lucas, Mohammad Mir, Brendan Smith, Michael Carron, and Giancarlo Zuliani. "Public Perception of Facial Fillers." Facial Plastic Surgery 35, no. 02 (March 8, 2019): 204–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1681071.
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AbstractThere has been widespread coverage of cosmetic procedures, particularly facial fillers, as minimally invasive options for facial rejuvenation. The authors' objective was to characterize news media's coverage of facial fillers and its role in shaping public perception of these products over the past decade. Public view plays a significant role in policymaking, assisting patient communication, and addressing preconceived notions. Google News was searched for online news coverage related to “facial fillers” from 2008 to 2017. News articles from various sources were reviewed and analyzed with multiple objectives including complications listed, advantages, disadvantages, physician specialties, overall theme of the articles as positive, negative, or neutral and other parametrics. A chi-square test was used for statistical analysis. Of 426 articles meeting inclusion criteria, international news (20.4%), tabloids (18.8%), online health sites (18.3%), and national news (16.9%) were represented. Of articles containing adequate information, coverage was 44.7% positive, 29.9% neutral, and 26.1% negative with no significant change from 2008 to 2017. In addition, 46.0% of papers discussed complications including vascular injury and blindness associated with fillers, with significant increase by 2017 (p < 0.05). Facial fillers media coverage was overall positive, with broad coverage at both national and international levels. Complications were discussed often, and although vascular injury and vision damage are rare complications of fillers, they were frequently cited, potentially leading the public to believe they occur frequently. There were also significant concerns in the news media about greater regulation of products used as facial fillers, and practitioners administrating them. Altogether, these findings provide a comprehensive overview of patient perception and expectations of an increasingly popular and expanding cosmetic procedure.
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Frigerio, Elisa, D. Michael Burt, Barbara Montagne, Lindsey K. Murray, and David I. Perrett. "Facial affect perception in alcoholics." Psychiatry Research 113, no. 1-2 (December 2002): 161–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0165-1781(02)00244-5.
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Motluk, Alison. "Facial expressions alter sensory perception." New Scientist 198, no. 2661 (June 2008): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0262-4079(08)61523-7.
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Yu, Hui, Oliver G. B. Garrod, and Philippe G. Schyns. "Perception-driven facial expression synthesis." Computers & Graphics 36, no. 3 (May 2012): 152–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cag.2011.12.002.
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Pitcairn, T. K. "The perception of facial expression." Ethology and Sociobiology 10, no. 5 (July 1989): 397. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0162-3095(89)90046-0.
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张, 鹤鸣. "Facial Expression Perception and Culture." Advances in Psychology 08, no. 01 (2018): 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.12677/ap.2018.81004.
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Etcoff, Nancy L., and John J. Magee. "Categorical perception of facial expressions." Cognition 44, no. 3 (January 1992): 227–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0010-0277(92)90002-y.
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Sawan, Nozha, Mamata Hebbal, Abeer Alshami, Afnan Ben Gassem, Yara Alromaih, Nora Alsuwidan, and Eman Alsagob. "Perception of Smile Aesthetics and Attractiveness among Saudi Females." Archives of Orofacial Sciences 17, no. 1 (June 23, 2022): 113–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.21315/aos2022.1701.oa07.
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Smile aesthetic, known as the static and dynamic relationship of the dentition and supporting structures to the facial soft tissues, is one of the most important elements of facial attractiveness. The objective of the study was to assess the perception of smile aesthetics and attractiveness through digital image manipulation of aesthetic variables and to compare those perceptions according to diverse sociodemographic data among female Saudi laypeople attending the dental clinic. A crosssectional study of 193 female Saudi participants were randomly selected and consented to answer the study questionnaire. Nine smile photograph images were created to compare different smile aesthetic perceptions. Two groups were recruited: 120 participants in the first group (under 30 years old) and 73 participants in the second group (30 years old or above). All participants in both groups were asked to choose the attractiveness of each smile image using multiple-choice options. A statistically significant finding showed that normal buccal corridors were chosen as the most attractive smile by 42.5% of the participants in the younger group and by a significantly higher ratio of the participants with a bachelor’s degree or higher level of education at 49% (p < 0.05). Laypeople’s preferences regarding smile attractiveness vary, but a normal appearance was the ideal choice for the majority. Orthodontic treatment should consider the general sociocultural understanding of smile perception.
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Roney, James R., Katherine N. Hanson, Kristina M. Durante, and Dario Maestripieri. "Reading men's faces: women's mate attractiveness judgments track men's testosterone and interest in infants." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 273, no. 1598 (May 9, 2006): 2169–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2006.3569.
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This study investigated whether women track possible cues of paternal and genetic quality in men's faces and then map perception of those cues onto mate attractiveness judgments. Men's testosterone concentrations served as a proxy for genetic quality given evidence that this hormone signals immunocompetence, and men's scores on an interest in infants test were chosen as prima facie markers of paternal quality. Women's perceptions of facial photographs of these men were in fact sensitive to these two variables: men's scores on the interest in infants test significantly predicted women's ratings of the photos for how much the men like children, and men's testosterone concentrations significantly predicted women's ratings of the men's faces for masculinity. Furthermore, men's actual and perceived affinity for children predicted women's long-term mate attractiveness judgments, while men's testosterone and perceived masculinity predicted women's short-term mate attractiveness judgments. These results suggest that women can detect facial cues of men's hormone concentrations and affinity for children, and that women use perception of these cues to form mate attractiveness judgments.
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Henderson, Audrey J., Iris J. Holzleitner, Sean N. Talamas, and David I. Perrett. "Perception of health from facial cues." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 371, no. 1693 (May 5, 2016): 20150380. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2015.0380.
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Impressions of health are integral to social interactions, yet poorly understood. A review of the literature reveals multiple facial characteristics that potentially act as cues to health judgements. The cues vary in their stability across time: structural shape cues including symmetry and sexual dimorphism alter slowly across the lifespan and have been found to have weak links to actual health, but show inconsistent effects on perceived health. Facial adiposity changes over a medium time course and is associated with both perceived and actual health. Skin colour alters over a short time and has strong effects on perceived health, yet links to health outcomes have barely been evaluated. Reviewing suggested an additional influence of demeanour as a perceptual cue to health. We, therefore, investigated the association of health judgements with multiple facial cues measured objectively from two-dimensional and three-dimensional facial images. We found evidence for independent contributions of face shape and skin colour cues to perceived health. Our empirical findings: (i) reinforce the role of skin yellowness; (ii) demonstrate the utility of global face shape measures of adiposity; and (iii) emphasize the role of affect in facial images with nominally neutral expression in impressions of health.
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Dmitrieva, E. S., and V. Ya Gelman. "Perception of Auditory and Visual Emotional Information in Primary School Age Children and its Impact on Their Academic Progress." Психологическая наука и образование 23, no. 5 (2018): 29–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/pse.2018230504.
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This work explored the connection between the characteristics of perception of non-verbal emotional information in two modalities of presentation — visual and auditory — with indicators of school achievements in 32 schoolchildren aged 8—9 years.We studied how the children recognised four basic emotions — "joy", "sadness", "anger", "fear" — in facial expressions and intonation of speech.The characteristics of their perceptions were compared with their academic achievements in three school disciplines: Russian language, reading and mathematics.It is shown that there is a clear correlation between the child’s school progress and acoustic perception of emotions, while no connection with visual perception was found.It was revealed that the features of the relationship between the effectiveness of perception of emotions and school performance differed in boys and girls and also depended on the specific school subject and the type of emotion.Unlike girls, boys showed an improvement in academic performance when the accuracy of their emotion recognition increased.There was no evidence of a link between successful learning and the preferred type of perception of emotional information (acoustic or visual) in primary school children.
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Fink, Bernhard, Karl Grammer, Philipp Mitteroecker, Philipp Gunz, Katrin Schaefer, Fred L. Bookstein, and John T. Manning. "Second to fourth digit ratio and face shape." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 272, no. 1576 (August 17, 2005): 1995–2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2005.3179.
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The average human male face differs from the average female face in size and shape of the jaws, cheek-bones, lips, eyes and nose. It is possible that this dimorphism is determined by sex steroids such as testosterone (T) and oestrogen (E), and several studies on the perception of such characteristics have been based on this assumption, but those studies focussed mainly on the relationship of male faces with circulating hormone levels; the corresponding biology of the female face remains mainly speculative. This paper is concerned with the relative importance of prenatal T and E levels (assessed via the 2D : 4D finger length ratio, a proxy for the ratio of T/E) and sex in the determination of facial form as characterized by 64 landmark points on facial photographs of 106 Austrians of college age. We found that (i) prenatal sex steroid ratios (in terms of 2D : 4D) and actual chromosomal sex dimorphism operate differently on faces, (ii) 2D : 4D affects male and female face shape by similar patterns, but (iii) is three times more intense in men than in women. There was no evidence that these effects were confounded by allometry or facial asymmetry. Our results suggest that studies on the perception of facial characteristics need to consider differential effects of prenatal hormone exposure and actual chromosomal gender in order to understand how characteristics have come to be rated ‘masculine’ or ‘feminine’ and the consequences of these perceptions in terms of mate preferences.
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Furl, Nicholas, Forida Begum, Francesca Pizzorni Ferrarese, Sarah Jans, Caroline Woolley, and Justin Sulik. "Caricatured facial movements enhance perception of emotional facial expressions." Perception 51, no. 5 (March 28, 2022): 313–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/03010066221086452.
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Although faces “in the wild” constantly undergo complicated movements, humans adeptly perceive facial identity and expression. Previous studies, focusing mainly on identity, used photographic caricature to show that distinctive form increases perceived dissimilarity. We tested whether distinctive facial movements showed similar effects, and we focussed on both perception of expression and identity . We caricatured the movements of an animated computer head, using physical motion metrics extracted from videos. We verified that these “ground truth” metrics showed the expected effects: Caricature increased physical dissimilarity between faces differing in expression and those differing in identity. Like the ground truth dissimilarity, participants’ dissimilarity perception was increased by caricature when faces differed in expression. We found these perceived dissimilarities to reflect the “representational geometry” of the ground truth. However, neither of these findings held for faces differing in identity. These findings replicated across two paradigms: pairwise ratings and multiarrangement. In a final study, motion caricature did not improve recognition memory for identity, whether manipulated at study or test. We report several forms of converging evidence for spatiotemporal caricature effects on dissimilarity perception of different expressions. However, more work needs to be done to discover what identity-specific movements can enhance face identification.
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Matsumiya, Kazumichi. "Face aftereffect in haptic perception." Seeing and Perceiving 25 (2012): 46–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187847612x646686.
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Adaptation to a face belonging to a facial category, such as expression, causes a subsequently neutral face to be perceived as belonging to an opposite facial category. This is referred to as the face aftereffect (FAE) (Leopold et al., 2001; Rhodes et al., 2004; Webster et al., 2004). The FAE is generally thought of as being a visual phenomenon. However, recent studies have shown that humans can haptically recognize a face (Kilgour and Lederman, 2002; Lederman et al., 2007). Here, I investigated whether FAEs could occur in haptic perception of faces. Three types of facial expressions (happy, sad and neutral) were generated using a computer-graphics software, and three-dimensional masks of these faces were made from epoxy-cured resin for use in the experiments. An adaptation facemask was positioned on the left side of a table in front of the participant, and a test facemask was placed on the right. During adaptation, participants haptically explored the adaptation facemask with their eyes closed for 20 s, after which they haptically explored the test facemask for 5 s. Participants were then requested to classify the test facemask as either happy or sad. The experiment was performed under two adaptation conditions: (1) with adaptation to a happy facemask and (2) with adaptation to a sad facemask. In both cases, the expression of the test facemask was neutral. The results indicate that adaptation to a haptic face that belongs to a specific facial expression causes a subsequently touched neutral face to be perceived as having the opposite facial expression, suggesting that FAEs can be observed in haptic perception of faces.
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Fantoni, Carlo, Sara Rigutti, and Walter Gerbino. "Bodily action penetrates affective perception." PeerJ 4 (February 15, 2016): e1677. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.1677.
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Fantoni & Gerbino (2014) showed that subtle postural shifts associated with reaching can have a strong hedonic impact and affect how actors experience facial expressions of emotion. Using a novel Motor Action Mood Induction Procedure (MAMIP), they found consistent congruency effects in participants who performed a facial emotionidentificationtask after a sequence of visually-guided reaches: a face perceived as neutral in a baseline condition appeared slightly happy after comfortable actions and slightly angry after uncomfortable actions. However, skeptics about the penetrability of perception (Zeimbekis & Raftopoulos, 2015) would consider such evidence insufficient to demonstrate that observer’s internal states induced by action comfort/discomfort affect perception in a top-down fashion. The action-modulated mood might have produced a back-end memory effect capable of affecting post-perceptual and decision processing, but not front-end perception.Here, we present evidence that performing a facial emotiondetection(not identification) task after MAMIP exhibits systematic mood-congruentsensitivitychanges, rather than responsebiaschanges attributable to cognitive set shifts; i.e., we show that observer’s internal states induced by bodily action can modulate affective perception. The detection threshold forhappinesswas lower after fifty comfortable than uncomfortable reaches; while the detection threshold forangerwas lower after fifty uncomfortable than comfortable reaches. Action valence induced an overall sensitivity improvement in detecting subtle variations of congruent facial expressions (happiness afterpositivecomfortable actions, anger afternegativeuncomfortable actions), in the absence of significant response bias shifts. Notably, both comfortable and uncomfortable reaches impact sensitivity in an approximately symmetric way relative to a baseline inaction condition. All of these constitute compelling evidence of a genuine top-down effect on perception: specifically, facial expressions of emotion arepenetrableby action-induced mood. Affective priming by action valence is a candidate mechanism for the influence of observer’s internal states on properties experienced as phenomenally objective and yet loaded with meaning.
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Geniole, Shawn N., and Cheryl M. McCormick. "Taking Control of Aggression: Perceptions of Aggression Suppress the Link between Perceptions of Facial Masculinity and Attractiveness." Evolutionary Psychology 11, no. 5 (December 2013): 147470491301100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/147470491301100507.
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Women's preferences for masculine-looking male faces are inconsistent across studies, with some studies finding a positive relationship between masculinity and attractiveness and others finding a negative relationship or no association. One possible reason for this inconsistency is that the perception of masculinity is also associated with perceptions of aggression, which may be viewed as particularly costly to women (aggressive individuals are more likely to experience injury or death). Based on the proposal that women's preference for masculinity is in conflict with their aversion for aggression in male faces, we hypothesized that the bivariate associations between perceptions of masculinity and attractiveness would be weak or negative, but would be positive and significantly stronger after controlling statistically for perceptions of aggression. Across three studies involving three sets of faces ( n = 25, 54, 24) and five sets of raters ( n = 29, 30, 26, 16, 10), this hypothesis was supported with the average correlation between perceptions of masculinity and attractiveness ( r = −.09) reversing in direction and substantially increasing in magnitude after perceptions of aggression were controlled statistically ( r = .35). Perceived masculinity may thus involve both attractive and unattractive components, and women's preferences for masculinity may involve weighing its relative costs and benefits.
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Bae, Sujin, Eunhee Rhee, Beom Seuk Hwang, Young Don Son, Ji Hyun Bae, and Doug Hyun Han. "Correlations Between Psychological Status and Perception of Facial Expression." Psychiatry Investigation 19, no. 6 (June 25, 2022): 435–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.30773/pi.2022.0025.
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Objective Facial affect recognition is associated with neuropsychological status and psychiatric diseases. We hypothesized that facial affect recognition is associated with psychological status and perception of other affects.Methods A total of 80 images depicting facial affect, including 20 Neutral, 20 Angry, 20 Fear, and 20 Sad, were screened for use in our research. A total of 100 healthy individuals were asked to rate these images using a 10-point Likert scale and complete psychological scales assessing the emotional statuses and cognitive functions.Results The participants’ emotional state of aggression, attention, and impulsivity may have been associated with their interpretation of the Angry facial expressions. The participants often rated the Angry facial expressions as Fear. The participants rated Fear images as Angry or Sad. In response to a Sad facial expression, the participants reported psychological statuses of attention and impulsivity which were associated with the facial expression rating. The participants rated the Sad expression as Angry or Fear.Conclusion The psychological statuses of the participants were significantly correlated with their interpretation of facial affects. In particular, a psychological state of attention was often correlated with incorrect affect ratings. Attention and impulsivity could affect the rating of the sad facial expressions.
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Philip, Leonor, Jean-Claude Martin, and Céline Clavel. "Rapid Facial Reactions in Response to Facial Expressions of Emotion Displayed by Real Versus Virtual Faces." i-Perception 9, no. 4 (July 2018): 204166951878652. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2041669518786527.
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Facial expressions of emotion provide relevant cues for understanding social interactions and the affective processes involved in emotion perception. Virtual human faces are useful for conducting controlled experiments. However, little is known regarding the possible differences between physiological responses elicited by virtual versus real human facial expressions. The aim of the current study was to determine if virtual and real emotional faces elicit the same rapid facial reactions for the perception of facial expressions of joy, anger, and sadness. Facial electromyography (corrugator supercilii, zygomaticus major, and depressor anguli) was recorded in 30 participants during the presentation of dynamic or static and virtual or real faces. For the perception of dynamic facial expressions of joy and anger, analyses of electromyography data revealed that rapid facial reactions were stronger when participants were presented with real faces compared with virtual faces. These results suggest that the processes underlying the perception of virtual versus real emotional faces might differ.
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Lavi Wilson, Shanika, Shaquila O’Shay Massey, De’Onna Smith, and Christopher Solomon. "The Effects of Colorism on Self Perception and Self-Esteem." Psychology and Mental Health Care 5, no. 2 (November 16, 2021): 01–07. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2637-8892/120.
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Colorism has been a historical racial dilemma for the African American community since slavery. Colorism can be defined as a form of bias, based upon different aspects of physical appearance including skin color, facial features, and hair that favors the facial appearance of Caucasian white Americans (Beopple, 2015). Over the last 10 years quantitative and qualitative data has been gathered to study the effect of colorism on the African American community with a specific focus on the psychological well-being of this population. A survey was conducted to evaluate the effects of colorism on African American women and their self-esteem and self-perception. A total of 25(N=25) surveys were gathered of women, ages 18-50, who all identified as black, African American or a person of color. The analyzed research results concluded that colorism, although has negatively impacted many participants, has not lowered or altered their self esteem or self perception.
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Redfern, Annabelle S., and Christopher P. Benton. "Expression Dependence in the Perception of Facial Identity." i-Perception 8, no. 3 (June 2017): 204166951771066. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2041669517710663.
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We recognise familiar faces irrespective of their expression. This ability, crucial for social interactions, is a fundamental feature of face perception. We ask whether this constancy of facial identity may be compromised by changes in expression. This, in turn, addresses the issue of whether facial identity and expression are processed separately or interact. Using an identification task, participants learned the identities of two actors from naturalistic (so-called ambient) face images taken from movies. Training was either with neutral images or their expressive counterparts, perceived expressiveness having been determined experimentally. Expressive training responses were slower and more erroneous than neutral training responses. When tested with novel images of the actors that varied in expressiveness, neutrally trained participants gave slower and less accurate responses to images of high compared with low expressiveness. These findings clearly demonstrate that facial expressions impede the processing and learning of facial identity. Because this expression dependence is consistent with a late bifurcation model of face processing, in which changeable facial aspects and identity are coded in a common framework, it suggests that expressions are a part of facial identity representation.