Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Pérennisation'
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Cuny, Caroline. "Processus cognitifs et pérennisation de l'acouphène." Lyon 2, 2002. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2002/cuny_c.
Full textVenezia, Réjane. "La pérennisation du contrat dans la fonction publique." Thesis, Avignon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AVIG2052/document.
Full textThe research deals with the perennial contract, or the contract of indefinite duration in the public service . It is to seek the reasons for the gradual integration of the contract in the public service and to determine whether the indefinite contract actually secures , or whether, instead , it should be seen as a status circumvention attempt
Dumont, Jean-François. "La pérennisation des démarches de développement rural en milieu local : enjeux et limites." Nancy 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004NAN21020.
Full textThe durability of local development processes in a rural environment is essentially linked to political stakes. Trying to prolong them implies thinking about the organisational means of participative local democracy. The creation of areas in which public confrontation can take place is significant, but the rules to govern their usage are of even greater importance. These regulations are linked to the culture, the mentalities and the values that pervade public areas, and they vary according to these areas' differing characteristics. The relationships between local actors depend on the presence of an activity leader or on a network of cooperation. They are organised in a more or less hierarchical or democratic way, as can be seen in the approach to the project itself as well as time and space. While these may be dynamic factors at a given moment they can rapidly become obstacles. In electoral terms, the residents are no longer involved in the development process, and it thereby loses part of its legitimacy
Khomssi, Nouzha El. "La pérennisation et l'institutionnalisation d'un réseau d'acteurs : le cas d'un réseau de médecins." Montpellier 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006MON20234.
Full textCantzler, Olivier. "Une architecture conceptuelle pour la pérennisation d'historiques globaux de conception de produits industriels complexes." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997ECAP0665.
Full textSané, Kadessa. "Les talibés mendiants, une catégorie d’enfants de la rue au Sénégal. Pérennisation d’un fait social." Thesis, Paris Est, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PESC0085.
Full textThis research followed the will to lead an inspection about the perennation of children begging in Senegal urban areas. Talibes are children whose parents entrust to some koranic masters. At the very beginning, this kuranic teaching that is a religious tradition was solely organized in rural area. Even so, in the seventies, rural areas faced harsh droughts that empoverished its inhabitants. As a matter of fact, some men and women started leaving their villages in quest for better living conditions in Senegal big cities. Koranic teaching was also affected by these socio-economic mutations because since then, some koranic masters who are first and foremost growers, have set up in cities taking with them children who are meant to be their talibes. However, when the latter arrive in town they spend more time in the streets than into daaras (koranic schools) because their masters ask them to beg daily and to bring them among other things a specific amount of money. Thus, those children are at the same time talibes and beggars. Even though the Senegalese government owns repressive laws against children begging, it shows off an equivocal attitude towards this social phenomenon. In this way, to apprehend the perennation of children begging, this thesis aims to study and to re-examine social practices towards talibes-beggars. Those practices consist mainly in giving them alms. Apart from religious and humanitarian reasons that can justify those practices, the latter can also be operated for more mystical reasons namely after some divinations made by marabouts like fetishs, healers and diviners. The scope therefore is to elucidate and to analyze, through a qualitative methodology, both ambivalences and eventual issues involved in the perannation of talibes begging in most of senegalese cities
Abarri, Lahcen. "Justice et discrimination en milieu organisationnel : proposition d’un modèle matriciel de pérennisation des hiérarchies sociales." Thesis, Paris 10, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA100144.
Full textThis research is in line with the studies of social psychology of work dedicated to the understanding of individuals' organizational behavior through the prism of justice and discrimination. In the first instance, we were interested in the organizational practices related to the distributive justice. In the second part, to the individual and interpersonal psychosocial mechanisms which generate discrimination. Finally, to the normative environments of work oriented or not towards the social justice.In the first study, we analyzed the respective influence of various criteria of organizational justice susceptible to direct the decisions regarding the distribution of financial bonus ; either the equality criteria, subordinates' needs, and, in terms of equity, the individual performance, the collective performance and the allegiance. We have observed (by N = 1135) that each of the three equity variables outweighs the equality and the need.Our analysis have also showed the existence of interaction effects between the various distribution criteria.Then, we examined (by 7 studies) the nature of the relationships maintained by various psychosocial factors that are the Social Dominance Orientation (SDO), the Belief in a Just World of Work (BJWW), the Allegiance norm and the propensity to discriminate (PTD). Our results (on (N = 975) have allowed us to observe their mutual influence and also to determinate the mediator role of the Allegiance between the Egalitarianism and the PTD, the one of BJWW between the Egalitarianism and the PTD and between the Allegiance and the SDO, and also the mediator role of the SDO between the BJWW and the PTD.Finally, regarding the work environment, it seemed appropriate to us to assess the power exercised by the normative environment on the concepts aforesaid. We have, for this purpose, conceptualized a Matrix Cognitive-Behavioural of the Perpetuation of the System (MCBPS) about which we then tested its validity in a study. Our results (on N=457) demonstrate that employees who work in a type AH environment (i.e. that accentuate the social hierarchy) adhere more to the MCBPS that the employees who work in a type RH environment (i.e. that decrease the social hierarchy)
Mimesse, Me Fame Marie. "L’élection présidentielle comme levier de pérennisation dans le système élitaire au Cameroun de 1992 à 2011." Thesis, Lille 2, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIL20025.
Full textOur work aims at studying how the thermidorian-type elite integrations witnessed in Cameroon from 1992 to 2011 are set up and evolve, based on transactions linked to the candidacy for presidential elections. In december 1990, after 4 decades of one-party presidential system, opposition forces emerged thanks to the liberalisation of political life in december 1990, with the aim of toppling the powers that be, through a revolutionary move. After two decades of pluralism, some members of the opposition who have not succeeded to replace the people in power are integrated into public bodies of the regime, thus causing a thermidorian revolution. We are reviewing the various elements (system andsituational) facilitating elite integration at the end of an authoritarian period and which foster the integration of former revolutionaries into the centre of power. The following conditions are reviewed, including: a centralised elite structure which hinders the setting up of a polycentre for an independent opposition, a decentralised elite recruitment, mesocratism as a practice in the political field. Situational elements which promote the integration of post-authoritarian elite and that we are analysing are the following :emerging elite possess the characteristics of the new order of political game (democraticreferences), elite in the central power lack of this new characteristics, intermediary elite are able to mount pressure on the central power to change the political agenda, and lastly, the elite in power can use institutional levers at their disposal to bring the various existing factions together
Agazzini, Kathy. "Mécanismes des phénomènes religieux et pérennisation du culte marial en Campanie après le séisme de 1980." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LORR0243.
Full textAfter the Irpinia earthquake of November 23rd, 1980, a revival of the Marian devotion was discovered in several localities of Campania. Our work aims to establish the link between the natural disaster and the Marian appearances in two localities of Campania: Casavatore and Oliveto Citra. If those two "acts of God" did not lead to a lasting recognition and thus, to perennial pilgrimages, the same cannot be said with respect to the cult dedicated to Pio of Pietrelcina (1887-1968) that has given rise to a continuously growing devotional enthusiasm in San Giovanni Rotondo. Our work means to demonstrate, through other examples of Marian devotion such as the cult of Our Lady of the Rosary?created at the end of the XIX century by Bartolo Longo at the heart of Nueva Pompeya?that traditional forms of media, associated with technological inventions, are the instruments guaranteeing the continuity of a cult
Martin, Christophe. "Contribution à la définition d'actions pour la pérennisation de la prévention des risques professionnels dans les PME-PMI." Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00352172.
Full textZoubir, Ayman. "Management de la Mobilité et pistes pour la pérennisation de la mobilité durable : quelles voies possibles de régulation ?" Phd thesis, Université Lumière - Lyon II, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00876262.
Full textAbdoulkarimou, Saïdou. "Projets, développement territorial et pérennisation des actions : le cas du Niger et de la lutte contre la pauvreté." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010MON30092/document.
Full textSince more than forty years, projects have been elaborated and implemented in Niger to insure the socioeconomical development. But unfortunately the expected results have not been satisfactory.For fifteen years, the doctorand has been working with programs and projects as an agent of development. Through this Thesis, he wanted to understand the reasons of the predominance and limits of the program|project approach to perpetuate actions that they initiated so as to have sustainable impacts on poverty. Through an analysis of literature and experiences of the projects in which he participated, he explored the concept of poverty by applying it in Niger and has characterized the concept of program and project. He has justified his words through the analysis of the evolution of the village of M’BIDA within a period of forty years as regards to poverty. The research that has been implemented helped in achieving some results. In Niger, poverty is a multidimensional, complicated and dynamic phenomenon with interactions among factors. However, the socio-cultural dimension is a determining factor in the fight against poverty Projects constitute a world of actors and social practices. Projects and programs agents do not have means to integrate in their methods of intervention strategies of population and social groups that are locally important on one hand and those of extremely vulnerable population on the other hand. The lack of post project evaluation does not help in evaluating the sustainable impacts and to capitalize the good practices. Considering the various contrasts the doctorand suggests the generalization of the territorial approach to contribute in solving difficulties related to the approaches of projects and programs
Agrikoliansky, Éric. "La Ligue des droits de l'homme, 1947-1990 : pérennisation et transformations d'une entreprise de défense des causes civiques." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997IEPP0002.
Full textMartin, Christophe. "Contribution à la définition d’actions pour la pérennisation de la prévention des risques professionnels dans les PME-PMI." Paris, ENMP, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00352172.
Full textStudies on occupational health and safety performance in small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) are quite recent (mostly dating from the period after the 1990s). Although they are highly heterogeneous for they considerably vary in the approaches and the methods used, they all put into emphasis the vulnerability of these organisations when dealing with occupational health and safety issues. Enterprises of less than 50 employees are indeed more particularly exposed to such risks. An international review of the literature has put into light the internal and external determinants of health and safety management in this kind of organisations. The purpose of this thesis is to classify them and depict the way they interact to give a comprehensive representation of the determination of the level of prevention of occupational risks in SMEs. In a second part, a preventive action has been carried out on the basis of these determinants. It was based on a collective action which involved the chamber of commerce, health and safety technicians and the labour inspectorate. This pilot action has allowed the carrying out of a qualitative research in order to assess the device aforesaid but also to implement the results and conclusions of the international studies in the French companies. This survey has raised a new debate over the sustainability in SMEs and led to a questioning on the actors who are implement the prevention plan of prevention. A second qualitative survey has been carried out in a small and medium-sized enterprise in order to understand occupational health and safety management
Arezki, Djelloul. "La mobilisation collective des ressources humaines : un levier de pérennisation organisationnelle : une approche contingente dans quatre organisations festivalières." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0480.
Full textFestivals are organizations on the borderline between the events activities sector and the arts, culture and creation sector. They face an unstable, turbulent and constantly changing environment. Indeed, managers have to juggle with multiple economic, technological, political or societal contingencies (Soldo, 2018). Although more than 3000 festivals perform in France, a significant number of cultural organisations and event structures are temporarily/permanently closed, as showed by the "Cartocrise - Culture française tu te meurs -". This raises the question of the sustainability of these structures (Salaun, 2016); the latter represents a main challenge for festival managers. In this context, this doctoral work aims to understand how the collective mobilization of human resources can foster festival sustainability. More specifically, our study focus on addressing festivals sustainability we propose to provide solutions to the following problem: in order to ensure their sustainability to what extent can how festival organizations can use and promote the collective mobilization of their human resources? Using Dewey pragmatic-oriented approach, this work mobilizes the survey methodology. More specifically, the theoretical and conceptual framework built on the basis of a pre-exploratory study makes it possible to formulate two research proposals. We analyse these proposals using a multiple case study and identify theoretical, conceptual, methodological, managerial and pedagogical contributions
Le, Boucher Caroline. "Facteurs de pérennisation d'un réseau de formation par les pairs : le cas des Réseaux d'Echanges Réciproques de Savoirs." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015REN20048/document.
Full textSocial innovation stands up with difficulty to the test of time. While most experiments run down and disappear quickly, some of them perpetuate. The case of knowledge exchanges networks between peers raises other questions. Whether in the case of learning networks, of communities of practice, of collaborative devices, of Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs), of mutual help groups or fo training by peers, these networks are particularly subject to change according to needs, according to content updating or to commitments. How are these devices characterized? What are their actors’ logics in order to make them perpetuate? Can we bring to light, from their analysis, some factors of perpetuation? Our doctoral thesis tries to provides some answers to these questions, through the example of knowledge exchanges networks. We present research studies about peer training after having described their different forms since the 19th century, in a socio-historical perspective. Based on a methodology inspired from grounded theory, this thesis articulates research studies from the organisational sociology with the socio-technical approach of training. The case of knowledge exchanges networks brings to light the role of shared values, of conceptions, of narratives, of expectations, of types of organisation and of tools that forge a national identity, combined with local forms of appropriation of these components that allow to reinvent the sense of actions and practices
Medina-Zamora, Pablo. "La pérennisation de la relation entre le chargeur et son prestataire logistique : une explication par la contextualisation de l'enracinement." Aix-Marseille 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006AIX24002.
Full textThe academie literature acknowledges that the setting up of long-term relationships between shippers and third-party logistics providers can encourage the establishment of long-lasting competitive advantages for the supply chains in which they participate. Nevertheless, many of them do not succeed in lasting, unlike others. The present research aims at understanding how relationships between shippers and third-party logistics providers can possibly perpetuate, by proposing a transposition of the entrenchment theory of managers. This theory stems from organizational finance and explains how the managers of firms with a diffuse capital structure succeed in entrenching themselves in their jobs. When applied to logistics management, this theory enables to understand and anticipate the dynamic évolution of contemporary supply chains. The results of a multi-case study developed in a major grocery retailer suggest that the entrenchment process of relationships between shippers and third-party logistics providers follows from the use of power by the players, coupled with their independence level. This process articulates in three steps : (1) valorisation of the relationship, (2) positive entrenchment and (3) encrusted entrenchment. Different stages in the balance of power and in the interdependence of players influence the key variables that can improve performance in the relationship. Therefore the use of power by the players can either constitute a potential performance lever for the relationship or a deterioration factor that can lead to its anticipated dissolution. This research thus goes beyond the conventional vision according to which the only will of the players suffices to overcome difficulties and prolong the relationship
Checot, Frédéric. "Ingénierie macromoléculaire par auto-assemblage : formation, manipulation et pérennisation de nano-matériaux et nano-objets à base de polypeptides." Bordeaux 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003BOR12742.
Full textOne of the fascinating subjects in areas such as material science, nanochemistry and biomimetic chemistry is concerned with the creation of supramolecular architectures with well defined shapes and functions. The aim of this work was the design and characterisation of original and "smart nano-structures", that is to say "shape persistent stimuli-responsive nano-structures" using dibloc copolymer self assembly process. This manuscript first reports on the synthesis of peptide based dibloc copolymers polybutadiene-b-poly(g benzyle-L-glutamate) and polybutadiene-b-poly(glutamic acid) using anionic and ring opening polymerizations, then on the study and characterization of self assembled structures obtained in bulk and in solution, and finally on the preparation of shape persistent stimuli-responsive nano-objects. To our knowledge, this work is one of the very first evidences this sophisticated systems can be achieved using self assembly and point out the necessity of using a wide range of complementary techniques in order to succeed in their complete characterisation
Michel, Guillaume. "Mise en place et pérennisation d'un vaste système fluide microbien sur le plateau aquitain : caractérisation et facteurs de contrôle." Thesis, Paris 6, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066458.
Full textThe recent discovery (2013) of microbial methane emissions along the Aquitaine continental Shelf edge, south west of France (from 140 to 220 m of water depth), extending along 80 km N-S and 8 km E-W, questions about the initiation and temporal evolution of this fluid system. Several fluid evidences related to the microbial system at the edge of the Aquitaine Shelf, such as authigenic carbonates and gas-charged layers extend from the external shelf until the upper part of the continental slope. Based on regional horizon geometry, geochemical evidences and potential migration pathways, the organic source matter for microbial methane is most likely located within the last upper Pleistocene clinoforms of the South Aquitaine margin. Occurrence of potential buried fluid evidence at the east of the fluid system is interpreted as potential evidence for initiation of this fluid system during the Pliocene age. The fluid system initiation and its evolution would be strongly related to the evolution/progradation of the South Aquitaine Margin and thus to the sedimentary regime controlling sediment and organic matter supplies to the shelf and upper continental slope. This relation explains the fact that such fluid system is unique in the Bay of Biscay and is restricted to the South Aquitaine Margin
Razafindradama, Jaosoa Jeannot. "Patrimoine textile malgache: cas du lambahoany tissé par la cotona d' antsirabe." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/18713.
Full textPoels, Alix. "«Attrape-moi si tu peux» : Consommateurs ordinaires et rôle de la matérialité dans la pérennisation d’une pratique illégale de consommation." Thesis, Paris Est, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PESC0060/document.
Full textHow are some illegal practices sustained? Prior studies have depicted how marginal, illegitimate or illicit practices could be integrated to the market. However, their sustainability is understudied in consumer research.Drawing on Neo Institutional Theory, our main purpose in this research is to understand how ordinary consumers and materiality through institutional work sustain an illegal practice. By examining the case of illegal downloading in France from 2008 to 2013, and a qualitative method, based on interviews and secondary data, we show how artefacts are enabling the illegal practice and shape the consumption of pirated content.Results expose how an illegal practice is institutionalized through materiality. Our main contribution is to bring an understanding on how materiality may destabilize an institutional order. We offer also some managerial implications regarding the legal offer of digitalized contents
Boulanger, Marine. "Les négociations canado-américaines en mer de Beaufort : analyse des raisons de la pérennisation du désaccord sur la délimitation maritime." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26691.
Full textSince the mid-1970s, the United-States and Canada have officially disagreed on their maritime border in the Beaufort Sea, which is located north of the Mackenzie Delta off the coasts of Yukon and Alaska. The United States considers that the maritime boundary must follow an equidistance line, whereas Canada deems that the maritime boundary is the extension of the present terrestrial border between Alaska and Yukon, which follows the 141st west meridian. Due to these divergent claims, a triangular disputed area of approximately 6 250 square nautical miles appears, within which both States claim sovereignty over territorial sea and sovereign rights in the EEZ and on the continental shelf. This dissertation looks into this delimitation dispute and examines the reasons for this protracted disagreement. How come the United-States and Canada do not rely on state practices or case law to reach an agreement? Our analysis shows that, contrary to what media discourse conveys, this disagreement is not perceived by the parties as a conflict. Furthermore, a settlement could affect a number of protagonists whose interests diverge, thus limiting Canada's ability to negotiate. In addition, this analysis demonstrates how Arctic policies developed by both States have not been conducive to finding a solution in the Beaufort Sea. Finally, this dissertation assesses the role played by oil development prospects in this continued disagreement. Keywords: Arctic – Beaufort Sea – disagreement – maritime delimitation – international law of the sea.
Dinouard, Christophe. "La paysannerie à l'épreuve du développement durable : construction et pérennisation d'une cause collective chez les paysans bretons depuis les années 1980." Amiens, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006AMIE0054.
Full textThe thesis relates to an interrogation about the social mechanisms of the adhesion of the French peasants to a "collective" project fascinating of account, as legitimately as of other activities called "classically" agricultural (productions dairy, cereal, transformation. . . ), the causes of environment or sustainable development. To understand the reasons of the engagement of the farmers in an alternative agriculture, research rests on a processual and qualitative analysis (interview, direct observations, photographs) of the various spheres of experiments of the farmers (professional, familial, militant) who militate in two associations of the Réseau Agriculture Durable in Bretagne: the ADAGE (Agriculture Durable par l’Autonomie, la Gestion et l’Environnement) and the CEDAPA (Centre d’Etudes pour un Développement Agricole Plus Autonome)
Fraslin, Marie. "Comment organiser la pérennisation et le partage des connaissances dans un environnement international entre le centre de technologie et les bureaux d'études ?" Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00957898.
Full textBerthelot, Michèle. "Étude de la contribution du programme de formation-information pour l'environnement à la pérennisation de l'éducation relative à l'environnement dans l'enseignement primaire sénégalais." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24477/24477.pdf.
Full textBarelli-Léonardelli, Aline. "Les P. M. E/P. M. I de la région Nord-Pas-De-Calais : Perspectices de pérennisation par des stratégies de développement et de communication." Lille 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LIL12024.
Full textDesthomas, Vincent. "Les stratégies de pérennisation des clubs de rugby de haut niveau : enjeux économiques, organisationnels et identitaires du processus de professionnalisation : le rugby de haut niveau en région Aquitaine." Bordeaux 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006BOR21316.
Full textProfessionalization can be understood as a change in economic, organizational and cultural terms. Rugby union has strongly resisted this process, with a strong faction holding to the belief that it should remain the emblem of amateur sport. Elite Rugby clubs are now confronted with au dilemma. How are they to maintain within a single organisational, cultural and historic entity, symbolised by “the club”, two clearly contradictory systems, one social, based on the associative tradition, and the other which seeks sporting and commercial excellence, based on the development of the professional sector ? Although these two systems are apparently clearly formalised through very distinct legal structures – association on the one hand and commercial partnership on the other – it is nervertheless true that they coexist within the same organisational entity, “the club”. The objective of this social sciences research consists in setting down the current state of affairs in the professionalization of rugby clubs, and to analyse what is at take in this kind of social grouping and function. It also considers the strategies which might consolidate this tendency in top level rugby
Poulain, Jean Luc. "Penser l’entreprise et ses dirigeants : l’Entreprise familiale de Taille Intermédiaire (E.T.I.) : outil de pérennisation de l’emploi, et facteur de développement territorial (économique, social et culturel) : étude anthropo-sociologique des identités professionnelles et territoriales en Bretagne." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017REN20068.
Full textOur research is devoted mainly to family-owned medium-sized enterprises (MSEs) in Brittany. Working from the perspective of the sociology of professions, we met several heads of companies with between 250 and 5,000 employees. In doing so, we observed how this so-called “enterprise” concept, similar to that of “Mittelstands” in Germany, offers a better understanding of the key factors of success, based notably on human capital, innovation, and international growth beingabsolute priorities, with the business also retaining strong local roots. We interviewed company heads in the historical territory of Brittany, taken as a “social laboratory”, to acquire a better grasp of the sociological profile of family business leaders working in the following sectors: the food industry; food services; health; real estate; textiles; footwear; and transport. Taking as a starting-point various social, economic, and sociological issues affecting the world of work and employment, we also sought to shed light on global competition, in particular in the field of labour: this thesis aims to provide insights into a certain number of transformations, bearing in mind the assertion by a great many occupational sociologists that “unemployment is the root cause of social exclusion”
Llanca-Vargas, Daniel. "Caractérisation de tunnels anciens en maçonnerie par des techniques d'auscultation non conventionnelles. Application au réseau RATP." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014CLF22434/document.
Full textMaintenance and sustainability of underground structures are the major tasks for infrastructures’ owners. To carry out these tasks, managers need to qualify the actual state of these facilities. There are very few operational methods to describe separately each component of an underground structure (structure lining, contact interface and surrounding soil). Most of them are mainly based on visual inspection. Nevertheless only the intrados of the tunnel is open to visual inspection. To improve their maintenance policy, that is to say sustain their heritage and keep it in good conditions of safety and operational, it is necessary that manager’s can update their diagnosis methods (AFTES, 2005). It is therefore imperative to have tools to better assess the actual condition of structures. However, the methods available at present managers are often either insufficient to provide quantitative information quality or poorly adapted to the constraints of these works. In this context, the ANR project MéDiTOSS "Methodology Diagnostic Tunnels and Underground Structures in Service" aims to develop a new diagnostic methodology adapted to this type of work characterizing the various components of the structure (structure of the lining, enclosing soil and their interface or contact). The objective of this thesis is to provide to the managers of physical and mechanical indicators that will guide its maintenance policy based on a certain expertise
Seppey, Mathieu. "La pérennisation de programmes de financement basé sur les résultats : étude de cas au Mali." Thèse, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/18913.
Full textPerformance-based financing (PBF) is emerging as a new alternative to finance health systems in many African countries. In Mali, a pilot project was conducted to improve demand and supply of health services through financing performance. No study has explored the sustainability process of such a project in Africa. This study’s objectives were to understand the sustainability process of the project and to assess its level of sustainability. The process of sustainability was examined through its different determinants, stages and contexts. These were explored in interviews to discern, via critical events, stakeholders’ ideas regarding sustainability in terms of this project. Forty-nine stakeholders were interviewed in six community health centres and two referral health centres, including health practitioners, administrators (at district, regional, national levels), and those involved in implementing and conceptualizing the program (government and NGOs). A theme analysis was done with the software © QDA Miner. The results show a weak level of sustainability of the project due to many factors. Concerning determinants of sustainability, investments stopped at the end of the project, insufficient cultural artefacts were shared around PBF, few new tasks lasted after the project and the latter was not fully adapted/owned for/by the stakeholders. Few critical events were associated to stages of sustainability; however, a lack of planning could be seen linked to sustainability. Therefore, questions can be asked regarding the project approach and the potential gains that could be made through a better comprehension and operationalisation of the sustainability concept.
Magendo, Aziza. "Pérennisation des changements et des résultats des interventions sanitaires dans les pays en développement (étude de cas du PNMLS)." Thèse, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/12089.
Full textBackground : For health programs made in developing countries, non-sustainability of the changes and progress is an important phenomenon (Pluyer, Potvin, & Denis, 2004). However, few studies have been conducted to present solutions to this problem. To find possible answers to the issue, we have decided to do a case study on the national program of multi-sectoral fights against HIV/AIDS (PNMLS) in the Democratic Republic of Congo. In 2004, the program was implemented with the help of the World Bank through the MAP (Multi Aids Program). In 2010, MAP stopped its involvement in the program. Objectives : The goal of our research was to determine, three years after MAP stopped its involvement, what was the level of sustainability of the results achieved by the program back in 2010. Our other goal was to detect what were the factors that influenced the sustainability of those results. Methods: We did a review of existing literature on sustainability and developed a theoretical framework that shows the dynamic between factors that could influence the sustainability of results. We have observed the PNLMS in its ecosystem to in order to identify what factors had an influence on the sustainability of results. We had interviews with key players and did a review of all publications that were made on the PNMLS. This method helped us so to find answers to our research questions. Result: our research supports the concept that a multisectoral approach can have a positive impact on the sustainability of results. However, it is important to adapt the multi-sectoral approach to the environment and the ecosystem in which the program operates. This adjustment must be made from the implementation stage of the program.
Pellerin, Nathalie. "Les caractéristiques, le contexte et les processus d’implantation et de pérennisation d’une activité de développement professionnel par une équipe d’infirmières." Thèse, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/13114.
Full textThe maintaining of knowledge by nurses and their commitment to a continuous improvement process is a guarantee of quality care for the population (Nesbitt, 2012; OIIQ, 2011b; Raelin, 2008; Wilson et al., 2015). Since 2012, Quebec nurses must register for a yearly minimum of 20 hours of continuing education (OIIQ, 2011a). Care centres, such as hospitals, offer specific updates. Garcia, Meek, and Wilson (2011) highlighted that the implementation of perennial professional development activities remains a challenge. The goal of this study was to document the characteristics, context and process of implementation and sustainability of a professional developmental activity by a team of nurses. It involved a journal club in a university teaching hospital located in a major Quebec metropolitan area. The case study method was chosen and was based on Pettigrew and Whipp (1991) Content, Context, and Process Model of Strategic Change adapted by Stetler, Ritchie, Rycroft-Malone, Schultz, and Charns (2007). Individual interviews (n=7), focus groups (n=2), and observation periods (n=2), were realised in order to describe the elements that made the implementation and the sustainability of this activity possible. The resulting characteristic is that an activity in which nurses are involved and active is a winning strategy. A team of leaders who encourage clinical practice and evidence-based practice is a context that supports sustainability. A trajectory with concrete outcomes on the nursing practice, the patients care and the professional identity of the participants is the principal element of the process which sustains the activity
"Étude de la contribution du programme de formation-information pour l'environnement à la pérennisation de l'éducation relative à l'environnement dans l'enseignement primaire sénégalais." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24477/24477.pdf.
Full textDesmeules, Stéphanie. "Étude des conditions critiques à la pérennisation des projets LEAN dans les établissements de soins de santé et de services sociaux du Québec." Thèse, 2015. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/7966/1/031515036.pdf.
Full textMarcil, Françoix. "L'apport de la communication dans un processus de changement organisationnel : l'exemple de la pérennisation des activités artistiques et culturelles au Centre jeunesse de Montréal-Institut universitaire." Mémoire, 2011. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/4395/1/M12165.pdf.
Full textIshimo, Marie-Claire. "Mise en oeuvre, mise à l'échelle et pérennisation des initiatives innovantes dans les systèmes de santé des pays avec des ressources limitées : cas de la Tunisie." Thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/24268.
Full textIn many countries, especially in countries with limited resources, significant efforts are invested in the implementation of small-scale innovative initiatives, which are very successful at the local level, but subsequently fail to be expanded and decline over time. The objective of this thesis is to understand and explain the issues related to the implementation, scaling up and sustainability processes of innovative initiatives in countries with limited resources. This topic is important given the major challenges currently facing health systems in these countries. This thesis analyzes the implementation, scaling up and sustainability of innovative initiatives according to Talcott Parsons’ social action theory. This theory states that all social action is composed of small subunits of interrelated and interlocking systems of action interacting with each other and with their own environment. The social action theory allows for analysis of different related and embedded phenomena at different systemic and temporal levels such as implementation, scaling up and sustainability processes. As part of this thesis, we design the social action system of the scaling up process as a social action system of the implementation process at a higher level in space, and the social action system of the sustainability process as a social action system of the continuous implementation process over time at the same level or at a higher level. As part of the research, we investigated these three processes in a country context with limited resources, using a multiple case study based on qualitative research with nested levels of analysis. Four innovative initiatives introduced in the Tunisian health sector between 1964 and 2010 were the subject of the study. These include the Mobile Strategy for Family Planning Services (1964), the Hospital Management Reform Project (1991), the National Health District Development Program (1994), and the Vaccine Supply Chain Optimization Project (2010). Data was collected through semi-structured interviews, followed by a ten-day observation period (and informal discussions) and review of official documents for each initiative. The data was analyzed using a content analysis in the QDA-Miner software (version 4.1.27). This empirical research has allowed us to highlight the nature and the level of influence of the contextual determinants that make it possible to explain the different levels of implementation, scale up and sustainability measures (structural, procedural and effective) proposed by the theoretical framework of the study. The results of this research support the proposition that social action systems of implementation and scaling up processes (at any level) may be primarily influenced by structural determinants (political commitment, historical and legal context, etc.) and organizational (leadership, technical expertise, availability of resources, collaborations, etc.), while individual determinants (level of skills, commitment, trust and motivation) and characteristics related to innovative initiatives ( relevance, practical and technical compatibility with the local context, simplicity, etc.) are more involved in the social action system of the sustainability process. These results send a signal to donors and policymakers who would like to successfully implement, scale up and sustain innovative health initiatives in the context with limited resources. In light of these results, we have proposed a new integrative approach to better understand the analysis of implementation, scaling up and sustainability processes of innovative initiatives in health systems. This approach considers the processes of implementation, scaling up and sustainability as interconnected and interlocking social action systems, in constant evolution and interaction with a common environment encompassing several contextual determinants of success and challenges operating at different levels (structural, organizational, individual and intervention).