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1
Hwang, Heung Suk, and Gyu Sung Cho. "A performance evaluation model for order picking warehouse design." Computers & Industrial Engineering 51, no. 2 (2006): 335–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cie.2005.10.002.
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Yang, Ning. "Evaluation of the Joint Impact of the Storage Assignment and Order Batching in Mobile-Pod Warehouse Systems." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2022 (April 11, 2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/9148001.
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The rapid development of e-commerce has impacted the intelligence level of warehouses. The robotic mobile fulfillment system (RMFS) demonstrated that mobile-pod warehouse systems could process a significant number of order-picking operations within the same amount of time as other systems, saving money and improving operational efficiency. The order-picking mode in such a system is “parts-to-picker,” which is becoming both a prevailing operation mode in industrial warehouses and an encouraging research field during these years. One of the most significant fundamental factors in RMFS is the operational efficiency that is affected by storage assignment and order batching. This paper considers the joint impact of the storage assignment policies and order batching policies on order picking process. Our goal is to minimize the moving times of robots, which reflects the order-picking cost or efficiency. We propose using order similarity and item similarity to batch orders and assign item storage locations, respectively. Both the order batching and item grouping are tackled by a clustering model which is an integer linear program. We also develop a policy evaluation model to measure the order picking cost. We conduct numerical tests on six order batching and storage assignment policy combinations. A comparative analysis and an ANOVA analysis are then performed on the test results to compare the performances of these policy combinations. We find that the Weighted Support Count-based storage allocation combining with the correlation-based order batching achieves the best order-picking performance. Also, the more accurate information about the items and orders we can get from the historical data, the more order-picking workload we can save by exploiting the similarity features.
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Calzavara, Martina, Alessandro Persona, Fabio Sgarbossa, and Valentina Visentin. "A device to monitor fatigue level in order-picking." Industrial Management & Data Systems 118, no. 4 (2018): 714–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/imds-05-2017-0182.
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Purpose In order-picking activities, the performance of the system can be influenced by different variables such as the order to be fulfilled, the distance to be covered or the experience of operators. Usually, this kind of activity is performed by operators rather than machines to assure flexibility. Consequently, their fatigue accumulation can decrease the performance of the overall system. The purpose of this paper is to define the kind of device to be used in an order-picking context, to obtain data which can be utilized for the evaluation of the level of fatigue and to improve the performance of the picking system. Design/methodology/approach The paper presents a comparison between existing fatigue methods which can be applied in a picking context. In addition, an analysis of the physiological literature for the evaluation of a new device for the monitoring of fatigue level is carried on and its practical use is shown. Findings The proposed research identifies in the heart rate monitor the device that, thanks to its advantages, can be the best one to be used in an industrial context for monitoring the physical fatigue of operators. Originality/value This study considers the importance of human factors in picking activities such as physical fatigue of operators and the need to have validated tools to monitor and to define the level of fatigue accumulation in each activity of different rate and duration.
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Li, Haiyang, Xiuqing Fu, Hongwen Zhang, et al. "Analysis and Experiment of Dynamic Picking Process of Spindle of Cotton Picker." Agriculture 12, no. 9 (2022): 1346. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12091346.
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The spindle is a key core component of a cotton picker, and its operating parameters directly affect the quality of cotton harvesting. In this study, the spindle was selected as the research object. The kinematics and mechanics analysis of the cotton-picking process was conducted, the dynamic motion trajectory of the spindle was obtained, and the working parameters affecting the picking performance of the spindle were determined. A test bench for spindle picking performance was built; the spindle speed and feed speed were used as test factors; the seed cotton rejection rate, picking time, and picking force were used as evaluation indices for spindle picking performance; and a full-factor test was conducted. The range, variance, and regression analyses were conducted on the test results, and the results showed that spindle speed and feed speed had significant effects on seed cotton rejection rate, picking force, and picking time (p < 0.01). The primary and secondary order of factors affecting seed cotton rejection rate and picking time were spindle speed and feed speed, and the primary and secondary order of factors affecting picking force were feed and spindle speed. By comprehensively analyzing the influence of factors on the evaluation indices, the best combination was obtained as the spindle speed and feed speed of 4000 r/min and 1.8 m/s, respectively. The research results have theoretical research value and practical significance for revealing the picking law of spindles when rotating at a high speed and then realizing efficient cotton harvesting.
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Aitziane, Abdelmjid, Adil Barra, and Bahloul Bensassi. "Sensitivity Analysis Modeling for the Evaluation of the Order Picking Process Performance." International Review of Automatic Control (IREACO) 14, no. 2 (2021): 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.15866/ireaco.v14i2.20459.
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Masae, Makusee, Witchuda Boonreung, Panupong Vichitkunakorn, and Christoph H. Glock. "An evaluation of factors affecting order picking performance in the fishbone warehouse." International Journal of Integrated Supply Management 17, no. 2 (2024): 120–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijism.2024.138843.
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Chondromatidis, Nikolaos, Anastasios Gialos, Vasileios Zeimpekis, and Michael Madas. "Investigating the Impact of Completion Time and Perceived Workload in Pickers-to-Parts Order-Picking Technologies: Evidence from Laboratory Experiments." Logistics 8, no. 1 (2024): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/logistics8010013.
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Background: Despite the general impression that digital order-picking supportive technologies can manage a series of emerging challenges, there is still a very limited amount of research concerning the implementation and evaluation of such technologies in manual picker-to-goods order-picking systems. Therefore, this paper aims to evaluate the performance of three alternative picker-to-goods technologies (i.e., Pick-by-Radio Frequency (RF) Scanner, Pick-to-light, and Pick-by-vision) in terms of completion time and perceived workload. Methods: The Design of Experiments (DoE) methodology is adopted to investigate order-picking technologies in terms of completion time. More specifically, a full factorial design has been used (23 × 3 full factorial design) for the assessment of the aforementioned order-picking technologies via laboratory testing. Furthermore, for the comparative assessment of the reviewed order-picking technologies in terms of workload, the NASA Task Load Index (NASA-TLX) is embraced by system users. Results: The results reveal that the best picker-to-goods technology in terms of order-picking completion time and perceived workload under certain laboratory setup is light picking when combined with few items per order line and many order lines per order. Conclusion: The paper successfully identified the best picker-to-goods technology, however it is important to mention that the adoption of such order-picking technology implies certain managerial implications that include training programs for employees to ensure they are proficient in using such technologies, upfront costs for purchasing and implementing the order picking system, and adjustments to existing workflows.
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Wang, Lei, Chenghai Yin, Longchang Zhang, Hongwen Zhang, and Haiyang Li. "Analysis and Experiment on the Impact of Various Hook Angle Factors on Spindle Picking Performance." Agriculture 12, no. 6 (2022): 768. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12060768.
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As the core component of the cotton picker, the structural characteristics of the spindle directly affect not only its picking performance but also different components of the cotton picker. Therefore, in order to reveal the influence of different angle parameters of hook teeth on the performance of the spindle and the optimal hook tooth angle parameters, this study analyzes the working principle of the picking mechanism of the cotton picker and establishes the force balance equation for the process of picking cotton from the spindle. By analyzing the structural characteristics of the spindle, the best section shape of the spindle head is the equilateral triangle section. The spindle with different angle parameters was made by a metal 3D printer, and the testbed for the dynamic picking performance of the spindle was constructed. The single-factor test was carried out with tooth groove angle before the tooth angle and tooth inclination angle as experimental factors, and the rejection rate of seed cotton, picking time, and picking force as evaluation indexes. The results showed that the tooth groove angle and the tooth inclination angle were negatively correlated with the rejection rate of seed cotton (P < 0.01), and the tooth inclination angle was positively correlated with the picking time (p < 0.01). Further analysis shows that in order to reduce the ejection rate of seed cotton and reduce the picking time, the selection range of the tooth inclination angle should be 55~65°, and the large the tooth groove angle should be selected. Finally, the optimum hook angle parameters are determined as follows: tooth groove angle is 70° before the tooth angle is 89°, and the tooth inclination angle is 65°. The results are of practical significance to optimize the structure of picking hook tooth to improve the picking performance of the spindle and high efficiency of the cotton picker.
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Hong, Soondo. "A performance evaluation of bucket brigade order picking systems: Analytical and simulation approaches." Computers & Industrial Engineering 135 (September 2019): 120–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cie.2019.05.037.
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Cao, Xiaoman, Hansheng Yan, Zhengyan Huang, et al. "A Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization for Trajectory Planning of Fruit Picking Manipulator." Agronomy 11, no. 11 (2021): 2286. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11112286.
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Stable, efficient and lossless fruit picking has always been a difficult problem, perplexing the development of fruit automatic picking technology. In order to effectively solve this technical problem, this paper establishes a multi-objective trajectory model of the manipulator and proposes an improved multi-objective particle swarm optimization algorithm (represented as GMOPSO). The algorithm combines the methods of mutation operator, annealing factor and feedback mechanism to improve the diversity of the population on the basis of meeting the stable motion, avoiding the local optimal solution and accelerating the convergence speed. By adopting the average optimal evaluation method, the robot arm motion trajectory has been testified to constructively fulfill the picking standards of stability, efficiency and lossless. The performance of the algorithm is verified by ZDT1~ZDT3 benchmark functions, and its competitive advantages and disadvantages with other multi-objective evolutionary algorithms are further elaborated. In this paper, the algorithm is simulated and verified by practical experiments with the optimization objectives of time, energy consumption and pulsation. The simulation results show that the solution set of the algorithm is close to the real Pareto frontier. The optimal solution obtained by the average optimal evaluation method is as follows: the time is 34.20 s, the energy consumption is 61.89 °/S2 and the pulsation is 72.18 °/S3. The actual test results show that the trajectory can effectively complete fruit picking, the average picking time is 25.5 s, and the success rate is 96.67%. The experimental results show that the trajectory of the manipulator obtained by GMOPSO algorithm can make the manipulator run smoothly and facilitates efficient, stable and nondestructive picking.
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Leão, Gonçalo, Carlos M. Costa, Armando Sousa, Luís Paulo Reis, and Germano Veiga. "Using Simulation to Evaluate a Tube Perception Algorithm for Bin Picking." Robotics 11, no. 2 (2022): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/robotics11020046.
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Bin picking is a challenging problem that involves using a robotic manipulator to remove, one-by-one, a set of objects randomly stacked in a container. In order to provide ground truth data for evaluating heuristic or machine learning perception systems, this paper proposes using simulation to create bin picking environments in which a procedural generation method builds entangled tubes that can have curvatures throughout their length. The output of the simulation is an annotated point cloud, generated by a virtual 3D depth camera, in which the tubes are assigned with unique colors. A general metric based on micro-recall is proposed to compare the accuracy of point cloud annotations with the ground truth. The synthetic data is representative of a high quality 3D scanner, given that the performance of a tube modeling system when given 640 simulated point clouds was similar to the results achieved with real sensor data. Therefore, simulation is a promising technique for the automated evaluation of solutions for bin picking tasks.
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Simarmata, Andre Yosafat, and Juliater Simarmata. "Analysis of Warehouse’s Performance (Shipping, Order Picking, Storage, Putaway, Receiving) to Achieve Effective and Efficient Performance (Financial, Productivity, Utilization, Quality, Cycle Time)." Dinasti International Journal of Education Management And Social Science 5, no. 3 (2024): 364–72. https://doi.org/10.38035/dijemss.v5i3.2412.
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Warehousing plays a pivotal role in ensuring the smooth flow of materials and spare parts to support production processes. The efficiency and reliability of warehouse operations significantly impact overall company operations, enhancing their reliability, effectiveness, and efficiency. Achieving optimal performance relies on various interconnected factors, with one crucial aspect being the enhancement of warehouse performance. Employing methodologies such as Analytical Hierarchical Process (AHP), Key Performance Indicators (KPIs), and Standard Normalization (S-NORM) aids in data processing and evaluation. For instance, PT XYZ Café Indonesia's warehouse in Jakarta utilizes 25 KPIs, divided into categories like Receiving, Putaway, Storage, Order Picking, and Shipping, each containing 5 KPIs. Analysis reveals 10 KPIs in the green category, signaling satisfactory performance, while 11 fall into the yellow category, indicating areas for improvement, and 4 are in the red category, signifying critical areas requiring immediate attention. Utilizing the S-Norm De Boer method for performance evaluation, the Jakarta warehouse achieves a performance index of 93.20335, meeting expected performance levels. However, there's a need for targeted improvements in KPIs categorized as yellow or red to enhance overall warehouse efficiency and effectiveness. Keywords : Efficient; AHP; KPI; Warehouse; Effective ; S-No
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Sgarbossa, Fabio, Martina Calzavara, and Alessandro Persona. "Throughput models for a dual-bay VLM order picking system under different configurations." Industrial Management & Data Systems 119, no. 6 (2019): 1268–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/imds-11-2018-0518.
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Purpose Vertical lift module (VLM) is a parts-to-picker system for order picking of small products, which are stored into two columns of trays served by a lifting crane. A dual-bay VLM order picking (dual-bay VLM-OP) system is a particular solution where the operator works in parallel with the crane, allowing higher throughput performance. The purpose of this paper is to define models for different operating configurations able to improve the total throughput of the dual-bay VLM-OP system. Design/methodology/approach Analytical models are developed to estimate the throughput of a dual-bay VLM-OP. A deep evaluation has been carried out, considering different storage assignment policies and the sequencing retrieval of trays. Findings A more accurate estimation of the throughput is demonstrated, compared to the application of previous models. Some use guidelines for practitioners and academics are derived from the analysis based on real data. Originality/value Differing from previous contributions, these models include the acceleration/deceleration of the crane and the probability of storage and retrieve of each single tray. This permits to apply these models to different storage assignment policies and to suggest when these policies can be profitably applied. They can also model the sequencing retrieval of trays.
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Pan, Jinkun, Jianning Yuan, Lei Shi, Yutong Zhang, and Zixian Guo. "Experimental Study on Picking Unit Parameters of Brush-rolling Cotton Harvester." E3S Web of Conferences 189 (2020): 01010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202018901010.
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In order to find the optimal combination of the picking unit parameters of the brush-rolling cotton harvester, the parameters optimization experiment were carried out. Taking the rotary speed of brush roller, the working velocity, and the number of brush plates as the experimental factors, the collect rate and the loss rate of struck cotton as the performance evaluation indexes, the quadratic regression orthogonal rotational combing design experiment was carried out. The Central Composite Design response surface method was used to establish the regression model of experimental factors and evaluation indexes, and analyze the influence of each factor on evaluation indexes. Using multi-objective optimization, the optimal parameter combination is as follows: the rotary speed of the brush roller is 350 r/min, the working velocity is 0.5 m/s, the number of brush plates is 6 rows. After the optimization test, the collect rate is 95.58%, and the loss rate of struck cotton is 1.22%. The field verification test shows that the collect rate of 4MSG-3 brush-rolling cotton harvester is 92.86%, and the loss rate of struck cotton is 1.26%. The relative error between verification test results and parameter optimization value is less than 5%, which verifies the reliability of the regression model. This study provides a theoretical basis for optimizing and improving the picking unit’s parameters of the brush-rolling cotton harvester.
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Tai, Rongjian, Bin Li, Zhimin Sun, Qingjiang Li, Rongqing Liang, and Bo Zhong. "Design reuse method of corn picking device based on case-based reasoning." BioResources 18, no. 3 (2023): 5924–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.18.3.5924-5950.
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In order to shorten the design cycle of corn snapping mechanism, a case reuse design method of snapping devices based on user requirements was proposed. A matter-element model is used to build a case matter-element database and parametric model library together to form a case database; the case attributes are divided, the retrieval scope is narrowed through the matching of core parameters, and the similarity of matching parameters and performance evaluation parameters is calculated by using analytic hierarchy process and deviation maximization method to realize the retrieval of similar cases. The transformation relationship between the design requirements and the main driving parameters of the parametric model is established by using the rule association method to realize the case’s modification. The engineering discrete element method is used to simulate the reuse case, and an improved method is proposed according to the simulation results. The improved device is verified by simulation and field experiments. The results show that the operating performance of the improved snapping device is improved, and the feasibility and effectiveness of the design reuse method are verified, which can provide technical reference for the intelligent design of agricultural machinery and equipment.
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Battini, Daria, Martina Calzavara, Alessandro Persona, and Fabio Sgarbossa. "A comparative analysis of different paperless picking systems." Industrial Management & Data Systems 115, no. 3 (2015): 483–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/imds-10-2014-0314.
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Purpose – Warehouse picking is often referred to as the most labour-intensive, expensive and time consuming operation in manual warehouses. These factors are becoming even more crucial due to recent trends in manufacturing and warehousing requiring the processing of orders that are always smaller and needed in a shorter time. For this reason, in recent years more efficient and better performing systems have been developed, employing various technological solutions that can support pickers during their work. The purpose of this paper is to introduce a comparison of five paperless picking systems (i.e. barcodes handheld, RFID tags handheld, voice picking, traditional pick-to-light, RFID pick-to-light). Design/methodology/approach – Warehouse picking is often referred to as the most labour-intensive, expensive and time consuming operation in manual warehouses. These factors are becoming even more crucial due to recent trends in manufacturing and warehousing requiring the processing of orders that are always smaller and needed in a shorter time. For this reason, in recent years more efficient and better performing systems have been developed, employing various technological solutions that can support pickers during their work. The present paper introduces a comparison of five paperless picking systems (i.e. barcodes handheld, RFID tags handheld, voice picking, traditional pick-to-light, RFID pick-to-light. Findings – The proposed approach contributes to the understanding of the performance of different technologies in different application fields; some solutions are more suitable for a low-level warehouse, others bring greater benefits in the case of picking from multilevel shelving. Originality/value – The study concerns an issue that until now has received very little attention in the literature. It compares some traditional solutions with some innovative ones by an economic evaluation. The presented hourly cost function also takes into account the different errors arising and their probability of occurrence.
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Facchini, Francesco, Giovanni Mummolo, Giorgio Mossa, Salvatore Digiesi, Francesco Boenzi, and Rossella Verriello. "Minimizing the carbon footprint of material handling equipment: Comparison of electric and LPG forklifts." Journal of Industrial Engineering and Management 9, no. 5 (2016): 1035. http://dx.doi.org/10.3926/jiem.2082.
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Purpose: The aim of this study is to identify the best Material Handling Equipment (MHE) to minimize the carbon footprint of inbound logistic activities, based on the type of the warehouse (layout, facilities and order-picking strategy) as well as the weight of the loads to be handled.Design/methodology/approach: A model to select the best environmental MHE for inbound logistic activities has been developed. Environmental performance of the MHE has been evaluated in terms of carbon Footprint (CF). The model is tested with a tool adopting a VBA macro as well as a simulation software allowing the evaluation of energy and time required by the forklift in each phase of the material handling cycle: picking, sorting and storing of the items.Findings: Nowadays, it is not possible to identify ‘a priori’ a particular engine equipped forklift performing better than others under an environmental perspective. Consistently, the application of the developed model allows to identify the best MHE tailored to each case analyzed. Originality/value: This work gives a contribution to the disagreement between environmental performances of forklifts equipped with different engines. The developed model can be considered a valid support for decision makers to identify the best MHE minimizing the carbon footprint of inbound logistic activities.
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BENDU, Ariana Dukuly. "Effects of Warehousing Management on Organisational Performance: Case of Africa Global Logistics Rwanda Ltd." Effects of Warehousing Management on Organisational Performance: Case of Africa Global Logistics Rwanda Ltd 8, no. 10 (2023): 11. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10044005.
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The research's overall objective was to examine effects of warehousing management on organizational efficiency; a case of Africa Global Logistics, Rwanda Ltd. The specific objectives are; to determine the effect of order picking on organizational efficiency, to assess the effect of inventory tracking measures on organizational efficiency, to investigate the effect of automated and retrieval inventory control system on organizational efficiency and to analyse the effect of material handling on organizational efficiency. In order to achieve these objectives, the researcher used a descriptive and correlation research designs. In this research, the researcher further considered a sample size of 96 respondents from selected department atAfrica Global Logistics, Rwanda Ltd. To select them, the researcher used stratified sampling technique. Questionnaire was use to collect the data of this research and data were analyzed using the mean, standard deviation as well as the correlational and regression analysis. High R Square (Coefficient of Determination): The R Square value of 0.908 indicates that approximately 90.8% of the variance AGL's performance can be attributed to the predictors considered in the model. This high percentage validates our previous discussions regarding the substantial influence of warehouse management practices on overall efficiency. Adjusted R Square and Generalization: The Adjusted R Square value of 0.623, while slightly lower than the R Square, indicates that around 62.3% of the variance is genuinely explained by the model's predictors after accounting for factors like the number of predictors and sample size. This resonates with our earlier emphasis on creating a model that can generalize well to new data and avoid over fitting. This study therefore highlights the intricate relationships between warehousing management and organizational performance at the AGL. The alignment findings with existing research reinforces the importance of practices such as communication, inventory tracking, and material handling in driving performance. By implementing the researcher's recommendations, AGL can further elevate their organizational efficiency and continue to deliver exceptional service to their customers. Based on these findings, the study offers the following recommendations to AGL for enhancing organizational performance; wihile the impact of order picking on organizational efficiency was statistically significant in this study, AGL should still continue on the path of regular evaluations and refinements of their order picking processes to identify potential performance gains.Keywords:- Warehouse, Management and Organizational Performance.
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Lamooki, Saeb R., Lora A. Cavuoto, and Jiyeon Kang. "Adjustments in Shoulder and Back Kinematics during Repetitive Palletizing Tasks." Sensors 22, no. 15 (2022): 5655. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22155655.
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Repetitive task performance is a leading cause of musculoskeletal injuries among order-picking workers in warehouses. The repetition of lifting tasks increases the risk of back and shoulder injuries among these workers. While lifting in this industry is composed of loaded and unloaded picking and placing, the existing literature does not address the separate analysis of the biomechanics of the back and shoulder for these events. To that end, we investigated the kinematics of the back and shoulder movements of nine healthy male participants who performed three sessions of a simulated de/palletization task. Their back and shoulder kinematics were sensed using an optical motion capture system to determine the back inclination and shoulder flexion. Comparison of the kinematics between the first and last sessions indicated statistically significant changes in the timings, angles, coordination between the back and shoulder, and moments around the shoulder (p<0.05). The majority of the significant changes were observed during the loaded events, which confirms the importance of the separation of these events for biomechanical analysis. This finding suggests that focusing worker evaluation on the loaded periods can provide important information to detect kinematic changes that may affect musculoskeletal injury risk.
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Phyllis, Chepkonga. "Determination of Performance Indicators for Warehouse Evaluation: A Case of Medium Sized Warehouses in Nakuru Town." Journal of Procurement & Supply Chain 5, no. 2 (2021): 32–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.53819/81018102t5034.
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Evaluation of warehouse processes is required for decision making purposes and the improvement of warehouse operations. To evaluate warehouse processes, it is essential to identify key indicators in the warehouse operations. This research was intended to identify the significant indicators of warehouse performance that would support management decision making on the improvement of warehouse operations. In this research 20 indicators were identified in four warehouse activities based on Frazelle model. The most important indicators in each warehouse were then determined. The study was conducted through a descriptive design using a survey of 3 medium warehouses in Nakuru. The study employed purposive sampling to select the sample and sample elements. The sample size of 10 warehouse management officers were used in the study. Structured questionnaire was adopted as data collection instrument. The research findings indicated that most important performance indicators for receiving is productivity, for storage is space utilization, for order picking is cycle time and for shipping is productivity. Process improvement steps were proposed based on benchmarking among warehouses handling similar goods. It was noted that different types of warehouses require different indicators. The study concluded that measurement of warehouse processes is important and enables operations improvements and cost reduction. Keywords: Warehouse procedures, warehouse performance, warehouse improvement, medium sized warehouses, Nakuru town, Kenya
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Qi, Shuye, Shuhui Song, Shengnan Jiang, Yingrui Chen, Wu Li, and Donghai Han. "Establishment of a comprehensive indicator to nondestructively analyze watermelon quality at different ripening stages." Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 07, no. 04 (2014): 1350034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s179354581350034x.
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Two nondestructive methods based on visible and near-infrared (VIS-NIR) spectroscopy and X-ray image have been used for the evaluation of watermelon quality. The prediction performance based on partial least squares (PLS) by diffuse transmittance measurement (500–1010 nm) was evaluated for chemical quality attributes SSC (Rc = 0.903; RMSEC = 0.572% Brix; Rp = 0.862; RMSEP = 0.717% Brix; RPD = 1.83), lycopene (Rc = 0.845; RMSEC = 0.266 mg/100 gFW; Rp = 0.751; RMSEP = 0.439 mg/100 gFW; RPD = 1.13) and moisture (Rc = 0.917; RMSEC = 0.280%; Rp = 0.937; RMSEP = 0.276%; RPD = 2.79). The X-ray calibration linear equations developed by extracting the appropriate gray threshold were sufficiently precise for volume (R2 = 0.986) and weight (R2 = 0.993). In order to optimize prediction model of watermelon quality in growth period, multivariate multi-block technique factor analysis enabled integration of these traits: chemical information is related to physical information. Applying principle component analysis to extract common factors and varimax with Kaiser normalization to improve explanatory, the comprehensive indicator based on variances was established satisfactorily with Rc = 0.94, RMSEC = 0.244, Rp = 0.93, RMSEP = 0.344 and RPD = 2.00. A comparison of these models indicates that the comprehensive indicator determined only by portable VIS-NIR spectrometer appears as a suitable method for appraising watermelon quality nondestructively on the plant at different ripen stages. This method contributes to infer the picking date of watermelon with higher accuracy and bigger economic benefits than that by experience.
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陳艾竹, 陳艾竹. "視覺提示策略對三歲ADHD幼兒於例行性活動中的注意力表現". 特殊教育學報 60, № 60 (2024): 035–69. https://doi.org/10.53106/207455832024120060002.
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<p>本研究旨在探討視覺提示策略對三歲ADHD幼兒於例行性活動中的集中式注意力表現之影響。研究者冀以藉由視覺提示策略，提升ADHD幼兒的注意力表現，並為現場教育工作者提供有效的教學策略，進而在融合教育的場域中改善教學成效和班級經營。研究方法主要透過單一受試跨情境多基線設計與參與式觀察法之方式蒐集資料；研究重點在於觀察幼兒在餐點清潔、如廁與收拾接送此三個時間區段的注意力表現，以圖片為視覺提示策略之材料用以提升集中式注意力上的效果，同時運用目視分析法，以及整理質性訪談資料呈現研究結果。研究結果顯示，視覺提示策略有助於增強ADHD幼兒於餐點清潔、如廁與收拾接送等活動的集中式注意力，且具有立即和維持成效，同時，該策略亦具有良好的社會效度。因此，本研究建議在學前之教學環境中應用視覺提示，並配合口語提示及正向回饋，藉以增進ADHD幼兒的學習動機。對於研究之建議，未來可持續應用與因應個別化之調整，同時擴大研究樣本範圍，加上定期追蹤與評估，對提升ADHD幼兒集中式注意力的效益，以促進學前融合教育的實踐。</p> <p>&nbsp;</p><p>Purpose </p> <p> With the continued increase in the number of preschoolers with developmental delay and the challenges of caring for young children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), this study was designed to address the difficulties encountered by providers and educators by implementing a visual cueing picture card strategy. The purpose of this strategy was to increase the attention span of three-year-old children with ADHD during daily routine activities. As some studies have shown that the visual cueing strategy has significant supportive effects on children with special needs and has been successfully applied in a variety of educational contexts to enhance attention and improve classroom management efficiency (Wu & Tsai, 2021; Chen et al., 2019; Chen & Ho, 2008; Tzen, 2005). Based on existing research, this study applied visual cue cards as an intervention to increase the focused attention of young children with ADHD and provide effective teaching strategies for field educators to improve teaching effectiveness and classroom management efficiency in an integrated education setting. </p> <p>Methods </p> <p>This study was a case study of a three-year-old boy with ADHD at three months of age based on purposive sampling; a single-subject cross-situational multibaseline design was used according to the research objectives and questions (Niew & Wu, 2019, pp. 79-81). The study was conducted in a Workplace Mutual Assistance Childcare Service Center with different time, place, and activity settings to investigate the change in focused attention (dependent) of young children with ADHD after an intervention with visual cue cards (independent variable). The study was divided into three periods: the baseline period, the intervention period, and the maintenance period. In addition to quantitative data collection, the researcher also utilized participant observation to collect qualitative data in order to present a complete picture of the study. In the study, a total of 14 weeks were spent on 8 interventions of the visual cueing chart, and the data were collected using the &ldquo;Pre-school Special Educational Needs Children&rsquo;s Behavioral Observation Record Sheet&rdquo;, the &ldquo;Inattentive Behavior Frequency Record Sheet&rdquo;, and the mobile phone video recordings. The study cases&rsquo; attentional performances in the three time periods of meal cleansing, toilet cleaning, and tidying up were also recorded by means of the graphic method and the visual analysis method. The focus of the study was on inattentive behavior, which was mainly to observe whether the children were able to follow the teacher&rsquo;s planned activities and achieve the expected goals in the situation. Therefore, the number of inattentive behaviors was used to assess the effectiveness of the visual cueing strategy in reducing inattentive behaviors. </p> <p>Results </p> <p>In this study, a systematic observation and intervention was conducted on Case F&rsquo;s inattentive behavior. Through the use of visual cue cards, the case was observed for changes in attentiveness during the meal and cleaning segments, the toileting segment, and the packing and picking up and dropping off segments. During the meal and cleaning periods, F&rsquo;s inattentive behavior decreased from an average of 3.67 times per day in the baseline period to an average of 2.1 times per day in the intervention period, and further decreased to an average of 1.5 times per day in the maintenance period; it can be seen that the trend of the data points was the same in the baseline period, and it was in line with the principle of stabilization before entering into the intervention period; the trend of inattentive behavior showed a decreasing trend after the beginning of the intervention period, which indicated that in this situation, the inattentive behavior of the cases in the intervention period decreased. At the beginning of the intervention period, the trend of inattentive behavior shows a decreasing trend, indicating that the number of inattentive behaviors in this situation has decreased significantly; after entering the maintenance period, the number of inattentive behaviors shows a slightly higher but moderate trend compared to the intervention period. During the toilet use period, F decreased from an average of 4 times per day in the baseline period to 2 times per day in the intervention period, and remained in this state in the maintenance period; the trend of the toilet use situation in the data points of the baseline period was flat, and the trend of the inattentive behavior showed a decreasing trend after the beginning of the intervention period, indicating a significant decrease in the number of inattentive behaviors in this situation; the number of inattentive behaviors showed a decreasing trend in the maintenance period compared to that of the intervention period. After the maintenance period, the number of inattentive behaviors continued to decrease compared to the intervention period. During the packing and picking up period, the number of inattentive behaviors decreased from an average of 3.5 per day in the baseline period to 2.5 per day in the intervention period, and further decreased to 2 per day in the maintenance period; the trend of packing and picking up was the same for all data points in the baseline period, and the stabilization principle was met before entering into the intervention period; the trend of inattentive behaviors showed a slight decrease after the beginning of the intervention period, which indicated a decrease in the number of inattentive behaviors. At the beginning of the intervention period, the trend of inattentive behavior showed a slight decrease, indicating that the number of inattentive behaviors in this context decreased, but not very significantly, and after entering the maintenance period, the number of inattentive behaviors showed a slight decrease compared to the intervention period. To summarize, the immediate effects of the visual cueing strategy on attentional learning effectiveness in the three contexts were, in descending order, toileting, meal cleaning, and picking up and dropping off. Secondly, semi-structured interviews with the three classroom teachers, the director, and the mother of the primary caregiver in the interview center revealed that Case F showed significant improvements in attention and self-care skills after the visual cueing strategy intervention. </p> <p>Discussions and suggestions </p> <p>The Impact of Visual Cue Strategy on enhancing F&rsquo;s concentration and self-care skills during routine activities such as meals and cleaning, toileting, as well as packing and picking up periods with immediate, sustained effects and good social validity is in line with Niew, Wern-Ing&rsquo;s (2008) principle of integrated education, whereby students with SEN enjoy equal access to educational resources and individualized support. Meanwhile, it also supports the viewpoints of Chang, Bey-Lih (2009), which proves that special education resources can effectively support ADHD students through the implementation of appropriate strategy in the daily general classroom environment. For the future, it is suggested that (1) continuous application and individualized adjustments be made; (2) the scope of the study be expanded; and (3) regular tracking and evaluation be conducted in order to further enhance the effectiveness of the visual cueing strategy, to promote the practice of integrated education at the preschool level, and to support the holistic development of students with ADHD in an integrated learning environment. </p> <p> </p>
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Liu, Huwei, Fan Wang, Junhui Zhao, Jianglong Yang, Chunqiao Tan, and Li Zhou. "Performance Analysis of Picking Path Strategies in Chevron Layout Warehouse." Mathematics 10, no. 3 (2022): 395. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math10030395.
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Order picking is the part with the highest proportion of operation cost and time in the warehouse. The characteristics of small-batch and multi-frequency current orders reduce the applicability of the traditional layout in the warehouse. Besides this, the improvement of the layout will also affect the picking path, such as the Chevron warehouse layout, and at present, there is a lack of research on order picking with multiple picking locations under non-traditional layouts. In order to minimize the order picking cost and time, and expand the research in this field, this paper selects the Chevron layout to design and describe the warehouse layout, constructs the picking walking distance model of Return-type, S-type and Mixed-type path strategies in the random storage Chevron layout warehouse, and uses the Cuckoo Search (CS) algorithm to solve the picking walking distance generated by the Mixed-type path. Compared with the existing single-command order picking research, the order picking problem of multi picking locations is more suitable for the reality of e-commerce warehouses. Moreover, numerical experiments are carried out on the above three path strategies to study the impact of different walking paths on the picking walking distance, and the performance of different path strategies is evaluated by comparing the order picking walking distance with the different number of locations to be picked. The results show that, among the three path strategies, the Mixed-type path strategy is better than the Return-type path strategy, and the average optimization proportion is higher than 20%. When the number of locations to be picked is less than 36, the Mixed-type path is better than the S-type path. With the increase of the number of locations to be picked, the Mixed-type path is gradually worse than the S-type path. When the number of locations to be picked is less than 5, the Return-type path is better than the S-type path. With the increase of the number of locations to be picked in the order, the S-type path is gradually better than the Return-type path.
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Thapa, Shekhar, Glen C. Rains, Wesley M. Porter, et al. "Robotic Multi-Boll Cotton Harvester System Integration and Performance Evaluation." AgriEngineering 6, no. 1 (2024): 803–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriengineering6010046.
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Several studies on robotic cotton harvesters have designed their end-effectors and harvesting algorithms based on the approach of harvesting a single cotton boll at a time. These robotic cotton harvesting systems often have slow harvesting times per boll due to limited computational speed and the extended time taken by actuators to approach and retract for picking individual cotton bolls. This study modified the design of the previous version of the end-effector with the aim of improving the picking ratio and picking time per boll. This study designed and fabricated a pullback reel to pull the cotton plants backward while the rover harvested and moved down the row. Additionally, a YOLOv4 cotton detection model and hierarchical agglomerative clustering algorithm were implemented to detect cotton bolls and cluster them. A harvesting algorithm was then developed to harvest the cotton bolls in clusters. The modified end-effector, pullback reel, vacuum conveying system, cotton detection model, clustering algorithm, and straight-line path planning algorithm were integrated into a small red rover, and both lab and field tests were conducted. In lab tests, the robot achieved a picking ratio of 57.1% with an average picking time of 2.5 s per boll. In field tests, picking ratio was 56.0%, and it took an average of 3.0 s per boll. Although there was no improvement in the lab setting over the previous design, the robot’s field performance was significantly better, with a 16% higher picking ratio and a 46% reduction in picking time per boll compared to the previous end-effector version tested in 2022.
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Khanpara, B. M., and R. K. Kathiria. "Development and performance evaluation of picking mechanism for knapsack cotton picker." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 19, no. 1 (2023): 145–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.15740/has/ijas/19.1/145-152.
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One of the most significant fibre cash crops in both India and the rest of the world is cotton (Gossypium herbaceum). India is the world’s second-largest cotton producer. Cotton is hand-picked by human labours in India, which is a laborious and time-consuming task. In existing knapsack cotton picker, the cotton quality was compromised due to the impact of the impeller vanes during conveying of picked cotton to collector. Keeping all these aspects in mind, a picking mechanism for knapsack power driven cotton picker was developed with considering the agronomical parameters, functional requirements, engineering requirements and ergonomic aspects. As a power source, a 0.9 kW, 5500 rpm petrol engine was used. The remaining components of the knapsack cotton picker, such as the aspirator, impeller, sucking assembly, collecting sack, mounting frame and so on, were developed according to design specifications. It was evaluated how effectively the knapsack cotton picker performed in terms of picking capacity, picking efficiency, harvesting losses, trash content, the quality of machine-picked cotton, and operation costs. Based on trial results using cotton varieties as GPG-3, a knapsack cotton picker’s picking capacity was determined to be 7.62 kg/ h. The average picking efficiency for cotton picking using a knapsack cotton picker was 95.79%. The harvesting losses and trash content were determined as 4.21% and 8.13%, respectively in case of knapsack cotton picker. The fiber quality in terms of span length, uniformity ratio and strength was not affected by knapsack cotton picker. There was reduction in time requirement and the picking cost by 51.44 and 14.86%, respectively over manual picking method. Cotton picking with a knapsack cotton picker showed a 3.27% increase in overall net realization over manual picking.
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Fontin, Jean-Raymond, and Shi-Woei Lin. "A Joint Comparative Analysis of Routing Heuristics and Paperless Picking Technologies Using Simulation and Data Envelopment Analysis." Applied Sciences 10, no. 24 (2020): 8777. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10248777.
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Recent literature demonstrates that warehouse order picking performance is reflected in the logistics performance of downstream retailers. Warehouse solutions and policies significantly contribute to the improvement of distribution and delivery to retailers. This paper therefore reports an analysis of the joint performance of routing policies and picking technologies, and provides insights into the best ways to combine routing strategies and paperless solutions in order to optimize cost efficiency. We follow a multistage approach that combines mixed integer linear programming algorithms, data envelopment analysis (DEA), and ranking and selection. The results show that traversal-voice picking and midpoint-voice picking combinations are equally distributed over the most efficient subsets and that superior technology can enhance picking efficiency only to a certain level. The study provides guidelines for logistics managers on ways to combine warehouse solutions and policies in order to better streamline the operations. It offers an original framework to analyze the joint performance of picking routing and picking solutions by considering the effect of picking errors.
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Yu, Mengfei, and René B. M. de Koster. "The impact of order batching and picking area zoning on order picking system performance." European Journal of Operational Research 198, no. 2 (2009): 480–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2008.09.011.
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Al-qadi, Maha Jamal, Hani Mohammad Amin Mohammad, Khalil Ibrahim Khalil Yousef, Mahmoud Jamil Alsalti, and Issa Mohammad Naser. "The Development of New Teaching Strategies of Speaking and Reading Skills among EFL Learners in Jordan." World Journal of English Language 15, no. 6 (2025): 252. https://doi.org/10.5430/wjel.v15n6p252.
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This study aims to present effective teaching strategies for speaking and reading skills among EFL learners at Al-Zaytoonah University in Jordan. In order to achieve this study, a quasi-experimental research design was employed focusing on the development and evaluation of active learning strategies for instructional lessons for first-year EFL students. Deeply, it aims to involve the creation of active learning strategies for these EFL learners by implementing an intervention to incorporate interactive activities and real-world problem-solving tasks to engage students actively in the learning process. It is designed to align with the common curriculum standards and learning objectives for reading and speaking EFL skills among these students. Then, an interview and a questionnaire were conducted among participants. The study revealed teaching reading and speaking skills with active and digital approaches improves English learning. According to the post-test findings, questionnaires, and interviews, digital learning tools like TED Talks and online courses like Perfectly Spoken help students improve their language skills, especially when combined with active classroom teaching. The results showed that EFL students value instructor input for developing speaking and reading. Setting personal learning goals and picking instructional materials boosts motivation and skill development. Grouping and achieving academic objectives assist students in building speaking and reading skills by allowing them to communicate with peers. The interviews showed that choosing the right time and place to study improves learning, and the test results showed that the experimental group that used active/innovative teaching methods made more progress than the control group. in regard to the development of new teaching strategies of speaking and reading skills among EFL learners in Jordan, it is important to improve EFL learners' reading and speaking skills, internet courses and educational video sites should be used alongside traditional teaching techniques. Such findings may help academic institutions e.g., universities and schools in Jordanian context. Policy-makers and EFL learners and teachers can combine technology, self-paced learning, and collaborative learning to improve student performance and enable real-world language use. They emphasise supporting learners in developing personal goals and creating a collaborative and participatory atmosphere.
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Petersen, Charles G. "An evaluation of order picking routeing policies." International Journal of Operations & Production Management 17, no. 11 (1997): 1098–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01443579710177860.
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Pallai, Bence, Péter Tamás, and Henriett Matyi. "Order picking system evaluation using RTLS method." Advanced Logistic Systems - Theory and Practice 17, no. 1 (2023): 62–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.32971/als.2023.008.
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 In order to maintain competitiveness, it is essential for modern industrial companies to record as much data as possible, by processing which they can obtain valuable information for the development and optimization of production and logistics processes. The RTLS system provides an opportunity to perform this task. RTLS, or Real Time Location System, is a Real-Time Local Positioning System used to identify people and moving objects and to determine and continuously track their current position in a configurable space. Real-time positioning can help us to locate the position of objects and people inside the building. The paper presents and compares the relevant RTLS systems used in practice. In addition, the implementation process of an RTLS system created at the Institute of Logistics is described, as well as its application potential in relation to a case study developed. he abstract contains a short, general description of the topic and the research shown in the paper.
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Chondromatidis, Nikolaos, Anastasios Gialos, and Vasileios Zeimpekis. "Investigating the Performance of the Order-Picking Process by Using Smart Glasses: A Laboratory Experimental Approach." Logistics 6, no. 4 (2022): 84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/logistics6040084.
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Background: Order picking process is critical for accurate and efficient order fulfilment. Pick-by-vision is a promising technology that may support order picking process, however there is still a limited amount of research concerning the impact of this technology on the performance of order-picking. The purpose of this paper is to investigate certain operational and technical parameters that affect the performance of pick-by-vision technology in item-level order picking via a series of laboratory tests. Methods: A systematic literature review is conducted for the identification of parameters that affect pick-by-vision performance. Subsequently, the analytical hierarchy process is adopted to rank these parameters, concerning their impact on order picking. Then, the design of experiment and NASA task load index methodology are implemented for assessing pick-by-vision efficiency and perceived workload. Results: The results reveal the parameters that significantly affect the performance of the pick-by-vision system, as well as the best configuration of parameters for the implementation of the proposed system in real environments. Conclusions: The results obtained are encouraging, showing how pick-by-vision technology can support order picking efficiency. Furthermore, practical implications are presented that deal with the organizational culture, process re-engineering, staff resistance to change, and motivation for maintaining the new way of executing order-picking processes.
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Park, Byung-Chun. "Order Picking Performance : Strategies, Issues, and Measures." Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers 37, no. 4 (2011): 271–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.7232/jkiie.2011.37.4.271.
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Füßler, David, and Nils Boysen. "High-performance order processing in picking workstations." EURO Journal on Transportation and Logistics 8, no. 1 (2019): 65–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13676-017-0113-8.
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De Vries, Jelle, Rene B. M. de Koster, and Daan Stam. ""Aligning Order Picking Methods, Incentives and Regulatory Focus to Increase Picking Performance"." Academy of Management Proceedings 2014, no. 1 (2014): 15304. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2014.15304abstract.
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Füßler, David, Nils Boysen, and Konrad Stephan. "Trolley line picking: storage assignment and order sequencing to increase picking performance." OR Spectrum 41, no. 4 (2019): 1087–121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00291-019-00566-9.
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J. Prasad, Tarun Kapur, N. S. Sandhar, et al. "Performance Evaluation of Spindle Type Cotton Picker." Journal of Agricultural Engineering (India) 44, no. 1 (2007): 38–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.52151/jae2007441.1237.
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Entire cotton picking in India is manual. It is not only a slow process but involves extremely tedious hard work. Due to impending scarcity of labour, mechanization of cotton harvesting is considered to be of vital importance. A study was conducted on the performance of a two-row self-propelled cotton picker at different locations in India. The performance of John Deere 9935 cotton picker was evaluated at PAU Ludhiana and CICR, Nagpur. Tests at PAU, Ludhiana was conducted on LH 1556 having average plant height of 112.9 cm. The mean values of forward speed, effective field capacity, total harvesting loss, mechanical picking efficiency and picker efficiency were 2.62 km/h, 0.28 ha/h, 23.62 %, 75.7 % and 76.4 %, respectively. The field evaluation of cotton picker at CICR, Nagpur was conducted on seven varieties/genotypes, namely CNH 120 MB, CNH 123, CNH 155, CNH 911, CNH 2713, CNH 4736 and GSH 2. The average height of plant and lowermost boll were 85.9 cm, 86.0 cm, 98.1 cm, 81.9 cm, 73.2 cm, 77.8 cm and 86.3 cm and 9.0 cm, 10.9 cm, 21.6 cm, 11.6 cm, 16.4 cm and 12.3 cm for CNH 120 MB, CNH 123, CNH 155, CNH 911, CNH 2713, CNH 4736 and GSH 2, respectively. The mean values of forward speed, effective field capacity, fuel consumption, total harvesting loss, mechanical picking efficiency and picker efficiency were 2.203.38 km/h, 0.278-0.563 ha/h, 22.0 - 24.0 l/h, 14.29-31.74 %, 55.6 - 83.1 % and 68.3-85.7 %, respectively. The cultural practices and staggered blooming characteristics of present Indian cotton varieties poses challenge to engineers in mechanization of cotton picking. With the advent of new genotypes, it may be possible to introduce mechanical cotton pickers successfully.
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Ho, Ying-Chin, and Jian-Wei Lin. "Improving order-picking performance by converting a sequential zone-picking line into a zone-picking network." Computers & Industrial Engineering 113 (November 2017): 241–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cie.2017.09.014.
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Lu, Renfu, Nathan Dickinson, Kyle Lammers, Kaixiang Zhang, Pengyu Chu, and Zhaojian Li. "Design and Evaluation of End Effectors for a Vacuum-Based Robotic Apple Harvester." Journal of the ASABE 65, no. 5 (2022): 963–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/ja.14970.
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HighlightsA critical torque of 0.257 N-m is required to detach 95% of apples, when the preferred twist picking mode is used.New silicone-based end effectors performed much better than the original, non-conformable end effector.The straight end effector had the best overall picking performance with 87% picking success rate.The new vacuum-based harvesting robot looks promising for automated harvesting of apples.Abstract. The end effector plays a critical role in fruit picking by a robotic fruit harvesting system. A newly developed vacuum-based robotic apple harvesting system, using the twist-and-pull fruit picking method, has shown promise in picking fruit from clusters and navigating through the tree canopies. The robot’s original thin foam end effector failed to achieve acceptable picking performance because it was unable to conform to fruit of different sizes and thus could not generate sufficient suction forces needed to detach fruit. This research was therefore aimed at developing new end effectors to greatly enhance the robot’s fruit picking performance. Field manual pulling and twisting experiments for three varieties of apples were conducted, and the critical pulling or suction force and twisting torque needed to detach 95% of apples were determined to be 28.3 N and 0.257 N-m (equivalent to a pulling force of 21.0 N for the current robot’s configuration), respectively. Three new silicone-based end effectors of different geometries (denoted as “Straight”, “Bellow” and “Curved”) were designed and fabricated, and they were evaluated in lab and field experiments. Results showed that the three new end effectors performed significantly better than the original, unconformable end effector based on multiple performance metrics, including vacuum pressure, overall picking success rate, picking rate by the rotation mechanism, and fruit attachment orientation. The “Straight” end effector performed consistently better than the other two new end effectors; it had 87% overall picking success rate, 65% success rate by the rotation mechanism alone, and 89% success rate when the middle section or cheek of fruit attached to the end effector. With further improvements, the “Straight” end effector should meet the apple picking performance requirement for the new vacuum-based robotic harvesting system. Keywords: Apple, End Effector, Fruit, Harvest, Robotics, Vacuum.
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Lee, Joo Ae, Yoon Seok Chang, and Waldemar Karwowski. "Assessment of working postures and physical loading in advanced order picking tasks: A case study of human interaction with automated warehouse goods-to-picker systems." Work 67, no. 4 (2020): 855–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/wor-203337.
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BACKGROUND: Order picking activities are the most labor-intensive processes in retail warehouses. Although various automated order picking technologies have been developed recently, human intervention continues to be required. Most advanced order picking systems can be classified into automated storage and retrieval system (AS/RS) and moving robot types. Both types of goods-to-picker systems aim to reduce the picker’s travel time required to determine product locations and to move these products to meet customer requests. OBJECTIVE: Many studies on the efficiency and effectiveness of automated order picking systems have focused solely on system performance. Since human operators play an essential part in order picking systems from both the effectiveness and efficiency point of view, the work-related risk factors for the workers interacting with these systems should also be evaluated. In this paper, we assess the ergonomic design features of two system types, a moving robot (MR) and automated storage and retrieval system (AS/RS), focusing on the assessment of the risk factors for work-related postural stresses. METHODS: We compare the performance factors of two order picking systems, i.e. MR and AS/RS, by applying a digital human modeling and simulation, and assessing the total average physical activity exhibited by human operators on a given order picking task. RESULTS: The AS/RS type order picking system exhibited a lower risk for task-related postural stresses for warehouse workers. CONCLUSIONS: The picking station for moving robot (MR) order picking system requires design changes in order to reduce postural stresses during human operator’s interaction with such a system.
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Wang, Xiong Zhi, and Guo Qing Wang. "Optimal Order Picking in Carousels Storage System." Advanced Materials Research 601 (December 2012): 347–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.601.347.
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We study the order picking problem in carousels system with a single picker. The objective is to find a picking scheduling to minimizing the total order picking time. After showing the problem being strongly in NP-Hard and finding two characteristics, we construct an approximation algorithm for a special case (two carousels) and a heuristics for the general problem. Experimental results verify that the solutions are quickly and steadily achieved and show its better performance.
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II, CHARLES G. PETERSEN. "AN EVALUATION OF ORDER PICKING POLICIES FOR MAIL ORDER COMPANIES." Production and Operations Management 9, no. 4 (2009): 319–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1937-5956.2000.tb00461.x.
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Moeller, Klaus. "Increasing warehouse order picking performance by sequence optimization." Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 20 (2011): 177–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.08.023.
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Zhu, Yingpeng, Chuanyu Wu, Junhua Tong, et al. "Deviation Tolerance Performance Evaluation and Experiment of Picking End Effector for Famous Tea." Agriculture 11, no. 2 (2021): 128. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11020128.
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Accurately obtaining the posture and spatial position of tea buds through machine vision and other technologies is difficult due to the small size, different shapes, and complex growth environment of tea buds. Therefore, end effectors are prone to problems, such as picking omission and picking error. This study designs a picking end effector based on negative pressure guidance for famous tea. This end effector uses negative pressure to guide tea buds in a top-down manner, thereby correcting their posture and spatial position. Therefore, the designed end effector has deviation tolerance performance that can improve the picking success rate. The pre-experiment is designed, the tip of apical bud is referred to as the descent position, and the negative pressure range is determined to be 0.6 to 0.9 kPa. A deviation tolerance orthogonal experiment is designed. Experimental results show that various experimental factors are ranked in terms of the significance level of the effect on the average success rate, and the significance ranking is as follows: negative pressure (P) > pipe diameter (D) > descent speed (V). An evaluation method of deviation tolerance performance is presented, and the optimal experiment factor-level combination is determined as: P = 0.9 kPa, D = 34 mm, V = 20 mm/s. Within the deviation range of a 10 mm radius, the average success rate of the negative pressure guidance of the end effector is 97.36%. The designed end effector can be applied to the intelligent picking of famous tea. This study can provide a reference for the design of similar picking end effectors for famous tea.
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Zhou, Li, Huwei Liu, Junhui Zhao, Fan Wang, and Jianglong Yang. "Performance Analysis of Picking Routing Strategies in the Leaf Layout Warehouse." Mathematics 10, no. 17 (2022): 3149. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math10173149.
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The routing strategy for order picking is an important factor in the efficiency of warehouse picking, and improvements to the warehouse layout provide more routing options for picking. The number of storage locations to be visited during the picking operation also has an impact on the selection of routing strategies. In order to achieve an effective improvement in the efficiency of picking operations in warehouse distribution centers, this paper focuses on the leaf warehouse layout based on the previous single-command operation strategy and extends it to study the multi-command operation strategy, in which three heuristic routing strategies, the S-shape, the return, and the composite, are introduced to solve the walking distance problem of picking operations, with the study of the selection of the routing strategy for different numbers of storage locations to be visited. Based on the distance equation between any two storage locations to be visited in the leaf layout warehouse, travel distance models corresponding to the three routing strategies in the picking operation are constructed, and the cuckoo search algorithm is introduced to solve and calculate the travel distance of the composite strategies for the experiments. In addition, the computational experiments of the three path strategies are carried out according to the different numbers of storage locations to be visited in the picking operation. By analyzing the numerical results, we find that the composite strategy has the best overall results among the three routing strategies, with the average values of optimization rates exceeding 30% (the S-shape) and 40% (the return), respectively. At the same time, the return strategy outperforms the S-shape strategy when the number of locations to be visited is less than seven. As the number of locations to be visited increases, the S-shape strategy gradually outperforms the return strategy. From a managerial and practical perspective, compared to the single-command operation strategy that is the focus of the current research, the multi-command operation strategy we studied is more relevant to the actual situation of order merging picking in warehouses and can effectively improve the efficiency of picking operations, the competitiveness of enterprises, and customer satisfaction of e-commerce enterprises.
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Burinskienė, Aurelija, and Tone Lerher. "Improving Retail Warehouse Activity by Using Product Delivery Data." Processes 9, no. 6 (2021): 1061. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr9061061.
Full textAbstract:
This paper presents a research study which is dedicated to the improvement in retail warehouse activity. This study aims to improve activity by identifying an efficient order picking strategy. (1) Background: The literature review shows the application of order picking strategies, but research related to their selection lacks an integrated approach. (2) Methods: The authors use the discrete event simulation method for the analysis of order picking strategies. The application of the discrete event simulation method enables various scenario tests in retail warehouses, allowing one to benchmark order picking strategies. By using the simulation model, experiments were designed to evaluate order picking strategies that are dependent on the delivery of the product distance variable. This research uses analysis of cost components and helps to identify the best possible order picking strategy to improve the overall warehouse performance. The authors benchmarked order picking strategies and presented constraints following product delivery data concerning their applications. (3) Results: The results presented show that the application of the order sorting strategy delivers 46.6% and the order batching strategy 6.7% lower costs compared to the single picking strategy. The results of the order batching strategy could be improved by 8.34% when the product clustering action is used. (4) Conclusions: The authors provide a theoretical framework which follows the application of order picking strategies using the product delivery data approach, which is the main scientific novelty of this paper. Recommendations are provided regarding the application of the proposed framework for the future improvement in retail warehouse activity.
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Stević, Željko, Edmundas Kazimieras Zavadskas, Ferdous M. O. Tawfiq, Fairouz Tchier, and Tatjana Davidov. "Fuzzy Multicriteria Decision-Making Model Based on Z Numbers for the Evaluation of Information Technology for Order Picking in Warehouses." Applied Sciences 12, no. 24 (2022): 12533. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app122412533.
Full textAbstract:
Order-picking process management is one of the most demanding tasks within the operations of a warehouse system. It is especially evident in companies that have a high intensity of product flows, so the question of increasing the productivity of order picking arises. In this paper, a novel integrated fuzzy MCDM (Multicriteria Decision-Making) model was developed for the evaluation and selection of information technologies for order picking in a warehouse system, which is one of the most important novelties and contributions of the paper. Barcode, pick-to-light, pick-to-voice, and pick-to-vision technologies were evaluated based on IMF SWARA (improved fuzzy stepwise weight assessment ratio analysis) and fuzzy EDAS (evaluation based on distance from average solution) based on Z numbers. IMF SWARA-Z was applied to determine the importance of four criteria while the information technologies for order picking were evaluated with the fuzzy EDAS-Z method. The averaging of the estimates of the critera and alternatives was performed using the fuzzy Dombi aggregator. The results show that in this particular case under these research conditions, pick-to-vision is the best order-picking technology. Subsequently, validation tests were carried out, and they included the simulation of criteria weights and the impact of the reverse rank matrix.
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Wang, Xiong-zhi, Guo-qing Wang, and Xiao-chun Li. "Order Picking Optimization in Carousels Storage System." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2013 (2013): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/692701.
Full textAbstract:
This paper addresses the order picking problem in a material handling system consisting of multiple carousels and one picker. Carousels are rotatable closed-loop storage systems for small items, where items are stored in bins along the loop. An order at carousels consists ofndifferent items stored there. The objective is to find an optimal picking sequence to minimizing the total order picking time. After proving the problem to be strongly NP-hard and deriving two characteristics, we develop a dynamic programming algorithm (DPA) for a special case (two-carousel storage system) and an improved nearest items heuristics (INIH) for the general problem. Experimental results verify that the solutions are quickly and steadily achieved and show their better performance.
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Tai, Jianjian, Haitao Li, Yunyi Guan, Ning Ding, Yuefeng Du, and Enrong Mao. "Simulation of a maize ear picking device with a longitudinal horizontal roller based on hypermesh modeling." BioResources 16, no. 1 (2021): 1394–410. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.16.1.1394-1410.
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As a key component of mechanized maize harvesting, the performance of the ear picking device directly affects the operational level of a maize harvester. Because the short harvest period of maize and the multiple experimental factors that lead to the field and bench tests cannot meet the actual research and developmental needs of manufacturing a maize harvester, this paper uses virtual prototype technology to study the influence of design and the motion parameters of a longitudinal horizontal roller in terms of picking performance. Based on the establishment of the finite element model of the corn and the ear picking device, this paper establishes evaluation indicators respectively, analyzes and evaluates the influence of the picking roller and the ground inclination angle, the picking roller speed, and the forward speed of the harvester on the performance of ear picking. Finally, a virtual orthogonal test analysis was carried out for the two factors of the picking roller speed and the forward speed of the harvester, and the significant influence of the picking roller speed and the forward speed of the harvester on the performance of the picking was compared. The research results of this paper can provide reference for optimizing the design of ear picking mechanism.
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Du, Xinwu, Xulong Yang, Jiangtao Ji, Xin Jin, and Lei Chen. "Design and Test of a Pineapple Picking End-effector." Applied Engineering in Agriculture 35, no. 6 (2019): 1045–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/aea.13405.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. In eastern China, pineapple harvesting is a complicated and sometimes dangerous task, and an effective method to harvest pineapples instead of picking them manually has not been developed. In this article, a pineapple picking end-effector based on the physical properties of pineapples (static friction characteristics and compressive properties) was designed. The fingers of the end-effector were used to capture a pineapple in the form of step-by-step movement to help reduce fruit damage and plant damage during picking. The indexes of the evaluation of the pineapple picking performance (fruit damage rate, plant damage rate, fruit fall rate and average picking time) were established, and the picking test was conducted at a pineapple plantation. The temperature effect was analyzed in the morning (19°C) and at noon (35°C). The temperature had no significant effect on the picking performance. The picking performance test showed that the size of the fruit might be the main cause of fruit damage. Throughout the picking test, the fruit damage rate was 5%, the plant damage rate was 0%, the fruit fall rate was 1.7%, and the average picking time of each fruit was 14.9 s. Keywords: Pineapple, Physical properties, End-effector, Low damage picking.
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Mou, Shandong. "Integrated Order Picking and Multi-Skilled Picker Scheduling in Omni-Channel Retail Stores." Mathematics 10, no. 9 (2022): 1484. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math10091484.
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Utilizing local brick-and-mortar stores for same-day order fulfillment is becoming prominent in omni-channel retailing. Efficient in-store order picking is critical to providing timely value-added omni-channel delivery services. Despite numerous studies on order picking in traditional logistics warehouses and distribution centers, there is scant research focusing on in-store order fulfillment with the multi-skilled workforce in omni-channel retail stores. We studied the integrated Order Picking and Heterogeneous Picker Scheduling Problem (OPPSP-Het) in omni-channel retail stores. We characterized the OPPSP-Het in a mixed-integer linear optimization model with the objective of the minimization of total tardiness of all customer orders. A hybrid heuristic combining the genetic algorithm and variable neighborhood descent was designed to obtain effective solutions. Extensive experiments were conducted to validate the performance of the proposed approach relative to existing algorithms in recent literature. We further numerically showed the effects of order size and heterogeneous workforce on order fulfillment performance. We lastly emphasized the importance of workforce flexibility as a cost-effective approach to improving in-store order fulfillment performance.