Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Performance (sports) – Aspect économique'
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Jardin, Mathieu. "Trois essais sur la relation entre performance et salaire : une application à l'économie du sport." Rennes 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012REN1G017.
Full textThis dissertation compile three studies aiming at illustrate both aspects of sports economics through the relation between performance and salary. The first aspect considers sport as an object of study (Chap. 3). The second one is about the utilization of sport as a laboratory where economical theories can be tested (Chap. 1 et 2). Chapter 1 study the relation between the intra-organization wage concentration and its performance. We propose to model a tournament where a team probability of victory is function (among others) of the wage concentration. The relation can be positive or negative depending of a parameter value. We then estimate this parameter value for a sample of American baseball matches. Our results show that wage concentration decreases the performance. Chapter 2 question the linearity of the wage concentration / performance relation. We replicate the parametric specifications usually employed with some modifications regarding to the estimations framework scale (same sample as in Chap. 1). Then, we compare these results with some semi-parametrical estimations which allow the relation to be established freely. We are thus able to demonstrate the relation non linearity. Chapter 3 evaluates the French first division football clubs efficiency between 2005 and 2009, with a Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). In addition, we compute Malmquist indexes from clubs performances of each season in order to know the efficiency evolution. French clubs are globally efficient but the average performance has been decreasing over the studied period
Goncalves, Olga. "Benchmarking et performances des destinations : Approche par les frontières d'efficience et application aux stations de sports d'hiver." Perpignan, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PERP1133.
Full textTourism is one of the first economic activities in the world but this sector faces an intense competition and ski resorts destinations are particularly affected (attendance decrease, climate change, etc. ). In this context, French ski resorts destinations’ performance is questioned and the need to adopt appropriate strategies constitutes an important challenge for tourism decision-makers. In order to maintain their competitive advantage, destination’ managers need to drive optimal strategic and managerial choices. The need to adopt new criteria to evaluate ski resorts’ performance becomes an important issue. One of the challenges of this doctoral thesis is to promote the use of benchmarking quantitative methods (as the non-parametric efficient frontier methods) to address various issues in the field of Management Sciences. Beyond the performance measurement of decision making units, it is also important to explain these performances to highlight problems about organizational quality and strategic choices. The aim of this thesis is also to provide guidelines for both mountain professional decision-makers and policy makers (at the local or national level) to ensure the development and the attractiveness of ski resorts destination
Poupaux, Sandrine. "Performances économiques et transformations du secteur sportif dans les pays est-européens : une contribution à l'économie du sport." Paris 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA010049.
Full textGuyot, Benoit. "Appropriation des technologies et gestion de la performance sportive : sujet d'étude : le rugby professionnel en France." Thesis, Paris 10, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA100103/document.
Full textThe history and institutionalisation of rugby in France has led to the establishment of a set of rules that make it possible to define, and thus make possible, the practice of rugby. These rules focus on the game, the establishment of a ranking, but also on the status of clubs and their interaction. The institutionalisation of rugby has made it possible for major changes in the way rugby is played, with the creation of federations and the transition into professionalism in 1995. After a century of resolute opposition to the idea that rugby could shift into an era of professional practice, the institutions in place finally accepted the need to change from the growing pressure from players (media, sponsors and players) to professionalise. The challenge of such a change is that rugby can finally be considered as an economic activity in its own right. Professionalisation has led to players no longer considering "rugby" in the same way. Formerly deeply rooted in amateurism, rugby has now become an essential support for a profitable entertainment product. The sports structures have adapted to professionalism by adapting their statutes but also, above all else, by defining their new business model. In analysing club strategy, maximizing sports performance is a key element, impacting the ranking institution to which the club belongs. The clubs, in an effort to optimize their business model, have gradually integrated the use of technological tools and the exploitation of the resulting data. This work attempts to analyse the factors of adoption and appropriation of technology in the context of club performance, within the elite league in France: the Top14
Ruggiu, Louis Emmanuel. "Le statut fiscal et social du sportif." Paris 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA020056.
Full textCharrier, Dominique. "L'économie du sport en France : une analyse socio-économique des phénomènes sportifs." Paris 9, 1990. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1990PA090034.
Full textSéguin, Benoît. "Représentations d'acteurs sociaux sur les relations entre le marketing et les jeux olympiques." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003STR20024.
Full textThe Olympic property has generated more than US 15 billion dollars in marketing revenues since 1984. With such economic interests at stakes, ambush marketing has become a serious threat to the Olympic Movement. This study sought to ascertain consumer perceptions and sponsor/sponsee concerns of ambush marketing of the 2000 Olympic Games. A combination of quantitative and qualitative techniques was used to collect data. First, a forty-five-item survey instrument was developed and administered to a total of 2435 consumer respondents in Canada and in the United States. Scientific questions centered around seven key issues were asked and answered in this multi-variate study. Second, a comprehensive Delphi study was concurrently undertaken to glean managerial insights into the sport management of the IOC property from 24 sport marketing experts. A detailed analysis utilizing the statistical software SPSS and qualitative measures elicited a number of recommendations
Rouger, Arnaud. "La régulation des championnats de sports collectifs professionnels : entre équilibre compétitif et équilibre concurrentiel." Limoges, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LIMO0476.
Full textBarget, Éric. "Le spectacle sportif ponctuel : essai d'évaluation." Limoges, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001LIMO0486.
Full textBourg, Jean-François. "Contribution à une analyse économique des marchés du sport professionnel : une mise en perspective théorique et empirique." Limoges, 2012. http://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/a15de467-f478-4432-a12a-a7344c4c44f2/blobholder:0/2012LIMO1001.pdf.
Full textOver the last twenty years, the restructuring of top-level sport around the principles and mechanisms of the global market has been on an unprecedented scale. That is why we now describe the economic relationships that govern the sports system as the sports industry, in which the supporter has become a consumer, the club a brand, the sportsman a professional and sport itself a commodity. There are three economic dynamics that structure contemporary professional sport (labour, spectacle and lobalisation) and which open up market markets. In order to understand sport, which is made up of both an economic sector and a field of economic analysis, it is necessary to link sports economics to economics instruments. We have, for example, therefore studied the following: wage ratio and generating Superstar revenue in these celebrity markets; homo oeconomicus v homo sportivus for drug use; the two markets of televised sport and welfare economics; sporting and market globalisation and its informal economy; the interactions between economic development and sporting performance; the organisational models of team sports; and the concept of sport as a global public good
Adami, Sylvain. "La diffusion des sports d'hiver : d'une pratique usuelle aux Jeux Olympiques." Besançon, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005BESA1025.
Full textWithin the sports movement, the winter sports present several characteristics to underline. They seem held for the rich and temperate countries: rich, because the infrastructures necessary to the winter sports practice are expensive, and temperate, because most of the disciplines are practised on snow. Thus, the winter sports are not universal. The nature of the particular substrate where they are practised (snow and ice) considerably limit the places of activity. To this situation, the evolution of the actors investment in the process of the winter sports diffusion can be decompose between three variables: cultural, political and economic. The Winter Olympics fall under this logic. Thus they are revealing the society state and balance of power between the various actors whom structure them. The organization, the participation, the performance in the winter sports answers certain stakes which evolve constantly according to external parameters. How consequently were established the various practices according to the geographical specificity of each space? Which actors supported this development and for which reasons ? Performance in the winter sports is mostly conditioned by the means implemented. Tradition, practice of mass or even climatic and geographical conditions are not essential to arrive at success. Nevertheless, these parameters remain determining factor in the competitions success. Medias, and particularly television, play an increasingly significant role in the expansion of the sport phenomenon. This new capacity is expressed in filigree through the practices evolution, in particular for the smallest federations which have to adapt to new constraints that are sometimes imposed (as more telegenic formats of events for example). The Winter Olympics are also dependent on this phenomenon and their recent evolution already denotes very clearly of those type of variable (it is in particular one of the criteria necessary for the integration of a new sport in the Olympic program). This last point is without any doubt the most significant element of the competitions and the sporting spectacle. It influences the whole system of the winter sports. The presence of a sport in the Winter Olympics conditions most of the time its development and its international diffusion. Consequently, it interests many sporting institutions wishing to return in the program or to enrich their participation, and beyond, the political and economic actors. The final objective of this work is to understand and analyze the mechanisms of winter sports diffusion in the world, and thus to perceive the dynamic of this system and the present structure
Demontrond, Françoise. "Aspects économiques et financiers des opérations de sponsoring sportif." Rennes 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990REN11028.
Full textThe analyse of economic and financial aspects from sponsorship has three points. First, the description of this activity using marketing theories. A statistic analysis with 70 sponsors takes place in this part. Second sponsorship is defined like a "technique" of "interne" communication. It allowes an increase of marginal productivity. Third, sponsorship is analysed like a technique of external promotion. The impact of sponsorship on consumers behaviour, on industrial strategies and on competition are the three last points which are the most important. The greatest question is :" the sponsorship, is it a barrier to entry ?
Lanfranchi, Joseph. "Sélection, promotion et tournois." Paris 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA020139.
Full textThe main goal of this dissertation is to show how implicit labour contracts, based on the expectation of an internal career, can be used to induce the workers to work efficiently and to select the best of them. We study two forms of contracts in which workers are compensated on the basis of their absolue or relative merit. The first part of this work is devoted to contracts based on absolute merit, firstly, our approach porposes a new version of the efficiency wage theory taking into account workers' heterogeneity; this model allows us to endogeneise the rate of dismissals and to establish the negative relationship between the wage rate and the dismissals one. Consequently, an empirical test based on a panel of french firms confirms this theoritical result. Secondly, we substitute within two original theoritical models, the notion of efficient internal career to the notion of efficiency wage. So, it is showed that compensation mechanisms, based on the promise of internal career, represent efficient selection systems of the work force. In particular, we determine the properties of the firm's hierarchical wage structure, and the positive link between workers' tenure within an occupational category and their internal career cycle monetary expectations. Empirical results confirm the existence of such positive relationship
Monteil, Adrien David Albert. "Le secteur sportif à l'épreuve du droit de la concurrence." Montpellier 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007MON10052.
Full textLassalle, Frédéric. "Les relations de pouvoir : le cas des évènementiels sportifs internationaux." Aix-Marseille 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009AIX32020.
Full textThe research’s aim is the understanding of the relations of power between the international sports institutions and sports organizations. A qualitative study of the relations of power on the international sports events allows to confront the exercise of power by the dominant entity with triangular theories (Machiavelli, 1513 ; Baechler, 1978; Galbraith, 2007). Three special events managements enable to test the model of power created from the papers of the political science and the sociology: 2007 Rugby World Cup, America Cup in 2007 and 2009 and 2018 Winter Olympics Games. The theme of sport was privileged because the positions of each entity are clearly defined by the structure of this sector, where the international institution, holder of the event, dominates the relation with the candidate and organizing organizations. The objective of such a model of power is to supply to the present organizations on the international sports events the understanding tools the type of power exercised by the dominant entity. This understanding will allow the organizations to become a strength of proposition in the relations, even a strength of contesting bringing to a reversal of the power on events. The will to dread the power is necessary for these organizations considering the new stakes and the increasing development of this sector
Drillon, Dominique. "Motivation environnement et performance : approche psychologique de la motivation dans le domaine sportif." Paris 10, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA100149.
Full textObjective: this research shows how the degree and motivation develops or diminishes depending on various different criteria. We have also established a number of indicators which can be seen to translate the degree of motivation of the athlete or to depend to some degree on the level of motivation. Contents description: vol 1: introduction, method, conclusion and appendices. Vol 2: theoretical aspects and bibliography vol 3: quantitative analysis vol 4: qualitative analysis vol 5: record of data methodology: the research was carried out with a population sample of around a hundred top level athletes from the rennes area. It consisted of observing changes in the degree of motivation of the athletes over a period of 12 weeks and or recording a certain number of parameters. We have a dual approach: on the one hand, psychosociological and on the other, clinical. The observation method consists of a questionnaire followed up by a series of interviews. The content of the questionnaire is in past based on a synthesis of academic sources on the subject
Chaix, Pierre. "Analyse économique du rugby professionnel en France." Grenoble 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003GRE21025.
Full textScelles, Nicolas. "L'incertitude du résultat, facteur clé de succès du spectacle sportif professionnel : l'intensité compétitive des ligues : entre impacts mesurés et effets perçus." Caen, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009CAEN2061.
Full textThe economic literature on professional sport establishes a strong link between uncertainty of outcome and public demand (Andreff, 2008; Neale, 1964; Rottenberg, 1956). It corresponds to competitive balance concept. In the continuity of previous studies, this thesis starts from the following statement: under a set of sports rules, it must be envisageable to optimize the spectacular character of competitions and so public demand in favorising uncertainty of outcome, reversals and the existence of stakes. These three elements determine competitive intensity (CI) concept. The problem consists in wondering about rules which allow optimizing CI of professional sports leagues and the feasibility of their setting up considering leagues and clubs officials perception. Quantitative results reveal the clear-sightedness of specific rules: at the intra-match state, bonus systems lead to a stronger outcome uncertainty; at the intra-championship state, the existence of a greater number of ranks with stakes (playoffs, qualifying ranks for continental competitions, relegations) allow concerning more teams in regular season. Nevertheless officials’ interviews make perceived brakes about the introduction of these rules (illegibility of bonus systems, qualification of a too great number of teams in playoffs questioning the sports merit or even the posture of the regular season, economic risk related to relegations). Consequently CI optimization must integrate these constraints
Reggoug, Khalil. "Biais de sous-estimation de la catégorie "autres causes" : effet de la structure de la tâche et pertinence du modèle normatif pour l'évaluation de la performance des sujets." Aix-Marseille 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000AIX10042.
Full textGouba, Elisée. "Identification de paramètres dans les systèmes distribuées à données manquantes : modèles mathématiques de la performance en sport." Antilles Guyane, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AGUY0330.
Full textTwo topics were studied in this thesis: parameter's identification in distributed systems with missing data in first part and mathematical models of performance in sports in second part. The aim of the first part of this thesis is to identify the permeability parameter of an oil tanks in monophasic flow. The nonlinear model w have is a system with incomplete data in the sense that the initial condition, the boundary conditions and some petro-physical parameters of the model are partially known. Two approaches are possible, one using the classical method of least squares and the other more targeted using the sentinel method developed by J. L. Lions. Ln this work, we first show that the sentinel problem is equivalent to a null controllability problem. And we solves the problem of null controllability by the variational method made possible by the Carleman inequalities. The second part of this thesis is devoted to the mathematical model of performance in sports proposed by Banister in 1975. We firstly apply this model at physiological data of monofin swimmer and we propose a model that improves Banister's mode/
Le, Roy Loïc. "Préparation psychologique du "sportif" : l'esprit et la performance du Moyen-Age à nos jours." Bordeaux 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008BOR21520.
Full textThis history of the psychological preparation for the « sportsmen », ranges from the Middle Ages to our days. It redraws the way was integrated the « moral sense » and the collective virtues which dominate the behaviors of the knights in the Middle Ages. During the Renaissance, with the creation of academic arts, occurs a new approach in the learning of the physical exercises based on « geometrized » and « mathematized » initiations putting at stake the mechanisms of feelings and the principles of memorization. These teaching methods develop the capacities of « judgment » and « reasoning » of the gentlemen. In Great Britain, in the middle of the XVIIth century, begins quite another attention on the functions of the spirit within the framework of the sports experiences: henceforth it refers to the « tranquility of mind » and to « stimulating » or « inciting » the mind faculties respecting the alternation of training and recovery phases. During the XIXth century, the English Training System is definitively imperative in Europe. It articulates around the new knowledge of the brain physiology inducing a new glance on the methods of training. The end of the XIXth century is marked by the emergence, in the United States, of a sport and exercise psychology based on scientific studies. It is from the 1960s, that programs of psychological preparation are applied to the sportsmen, coming to complete the physical, technical and tactical methods of training. Today, mental procedures play an integral part in the quest for athletic performance
Chantelat, Pascal. "Processus d'innovation technologique et dynamique des marchés : des trajectoires aux itinéraires technologiques : une approche méso-économique du marché des sports-loisirs." Lyon 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LYO10061.
Full textPanhuys, Bertrand. "Spectacle sportif, droits de retransmission et équilibre compétitif : le choix d'un modèle d'organisation : l'exemple du basket professionnel." Limoges, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LIMO1008.
Full textThe arrival of the media in sports activity has modified market mechanisms and consumer habits. By transforming production means and creating new outlets (increase in cable and digital TV network), mass media firms have changed sport into a TV product and a vector of communication which attracts many more financial partners. This evolution has led to a change in the relationship between the media and the sports organizations, becoming more complex because of the increase in sport events and increases coasts of broadcasing rights. Faced with the power of these new actors who want to manage the whole supply chain, from the product's creation to its distribution, sport as a whole is in danger, as is the competitive sport balance that the organizations try to preserve. It is thus necessary to consider new management models to guarantee the principles of equity and uncertainty unique to sport. Basketball, which has a modern and dynamic image, is a good imustration of this kind of problem and a way to show the differences between several production systems of sports entertainment
Troudi, Manoubi. "Le sport : organisation et enjeux financiers." Thesis, Paris 5, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA05D013.
Full textBehr-Demontrond, Pascale. "Étude des états psychologiques optimaux de performance chez des athlètes valides et handicapés : le flow dans le sport." Paris 10, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA100045.
Full textFlow is often described by athletes as a pleasant psychological state, linked to their best performance (Jackson and Roberts, 1992). The concept of flow in sport has been extensively investigated by Jackson; who specified it as being comprised of 9 dimensions (Jackson and Roberts, 1992). However, this concept has not been studied in an European culture. An exploratory qualitative study was performed to exmine its perception in various French participants. Due to our results we specifically observed a distinction between factors faciliting flow (processes) a,d the elements constitutive of flow (products). The goal of the second study was to examine the effects of the learning of a cognitive-behavorial routine on self-efficacy, performance and flow. We conducted a single case design study. Our results showed that performance increased, but total flow scores did not vary much. The third study is a validation of an international version of the French-FFS2, which could be used in North American and European French speaking populations : IF-FSS2. The conclusion assesses the structural validity and the internal consistency of this questionnaire
Demarle, Alexandre. "Effets de l'entraînement sur les facteurs énergétiques aérobies de la performance." Evry-Val d'Essonne, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005EVRY0030.
Full textThis work speaks about running in same conditions as in races. His purpose was to better understand the relationships between the key aerobic factors of performance in long duration events, and the adapatations responsible for the improvement of performance after training. Therefore, the main goal of this work was to study the effects of high-intensity interval-training programmes which were individualized within recreative, trained and top-level runners
Allain, Bernard. "Des jeux de balle traditionnels au rugby professionnel : histoire d'une domination économique et politique des corps." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010VERS023S.
Full textWhy did rugby turn professional more than a century after its football counterpart ? In order to understand such a time-lag, we shall evoke the history of ball games and that of their practitioners. They will tell us about the emergence of the two sports as the result of conflicts and struggles between social groups for the political, economic and symbolic domination of each of the two practices. Despite the split involved by this choice in 1895, the people in charge of rugby opted for an amateur ethos and thanks to various protections created by their institution or not, they managed to impose it, at least apparently. But in response to the inapplicability of that outdated dogma the “amateurisme marron” settled locally and rugby gradually unofficially made its production mode similar to that of the capitalistic society. The rationalization of its body production would both be the cause of its turning professional and its main consequence
Kouassi, N'Guettia René. "Structure de marche et performance industrielle : le cas de l'agro-industrie ivoirienne." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1996VERS0002.
Full textThe objective of this thesis was to justify the performance of the ivorian agricultural industry (ag-industry) through out its market structure. The thesis used traditional and modern theory of industrial organization and linked them to ag-industry. The thesis shows that the ivorian ag-industry faces a quite paradoxal situation as far as economic efficiency is concerned this is due to the high level of protection and concentration. In other words, the agricultural and food sector did not benefit from profits earned from the existing market structure. Government intervention in all ag-industrial activities has created non-rational practices from an economic standpoint. This situation is due in part to community constraints which, in africa, are ranked number one priority in firm management
Roussel, Marc-Antoine. "L'effondrement de performance, la léthargie et la performance de pointe chez les joueurs de golf universitaires québécois." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/37846.
Full textLe monde sportif comprend mal la définition et le fonctionnement de l’effondrement de performance puisque les entraîneurs et athlètes l’associent trop souvent à une contreperformance. En effet, depuis l’émergence de ce sujet en 1981 (Mesagno & Hill 2013), plusieurs concepts ont évolué et plusieurs membres de la communauté scientifique se questionnent toujours quant à la bonne définition de ce sujet. Encore aujourd’hui, la définition de l’effondrement de performance varie selon les scientifiques étudiant ce phénomène. De plus, il est désormais connu que les théories de l’attention sont les causes menant à l’effondrement de performance chez les athlètes (Hill, Hanton, Matthews, & Fleming, 2010b). L’objectif de cette étude est donc de définir l’effondrement de performance, la léthargie et la performance de pointe du point de vue des athlètes, de recenser et de différencier les pensées, les sentiments, les sensations, et les émotions ainsi que de recenser les stratégies mentales utilisées par les participants afin de contrer l’effondrement de performance. Une douzaine d’entrevues semi-structurées et une analyse inductive (Blais & Martineau, 2006) des témoignages des golfeurs ont permis de répondre à ces objectifs. La technique choisie pour l’analyse des verbatims est la triangulation multi-analyste. L’analyse des résultats permet de constater une divergence quant à la définition émise par les golfeurs en ce qui concerne l’effondrement de performance, la léthargie et la performance de pointe. De manière générale, les athlètes semblent confondre le phénomène de l’effondrement de performance avec la léthargie et une mauvaise performance normale. Ce projet de recherche est à propos, car les retombés permettront de guider les entraîneurs et les athlètes afin d’optimiser leur préparation mentale afin de contrer l’effondrement de performance et la léthargie. De plus, peu d’études ont été faites du point de vue qualitatif ainsi qu’en donnant la parole aux acteurs principaux touchés par ces phénomènes. Grâce aux résultats de cette étude, il sera possible de guider les entraîneurs et les athlètes dans le but d’optimiser leur préparation mentale afin de contrer l’effondrement de performance et la léthargie. De plus, la création des courbes de performance est un atout majeur pour ce projet car il illustre pour la première fois les différences entre l’effondrement de performance, la léthargie, la performance normale et la performance de pointe.
Sport’s world sometimes misunderstands the definition and the mechanism of choking, slumping and the flow in sport. Most of the time, coaches and athletes use these terms to talk about any inferior sport performance. Since the mid 80’s, many concepts and definitions have been developed around these two subjects and researchers are still questioning about the differences between choking and slumping in sport. Even though many models were developed to help athletes to reach their full potential, very few studies gave strategies to overcome a slump or a choke. The goals of this study are to give athletes the opportunity to talk about their feelings, sensations and thoughts when they had a choking or slumping event. In fact, the aim of this study is to know more about the knowledge of the athletes concerning their own definition of choking, slumping and the flow in sport. A qualitative/inductive methodology was used, and semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 elite golfers in four different universities until empiric saturation was reached with the participants answers. The results will be interpreted linked with Hill’s researches (2010a; 2010b; 2013; 2013) on choking in sports and Taylor’s (1988) review on slump. Using triangulation, data will provide new concepts and definitions of choking, slumping and the flow in sport. Results show that athletes cannot give a definition of choking with the same criterions as Hill’s researches. Athletes are not able to make the difference between a choking or a slumping event, which are totally different. Also, most of athletes interviewed mentioned that they experienced anger, frustration and sadness when they had a choking event in the past. Furthermore, athletes are not able the give a clear example of a choking or slumping event, because they have difficulties analysing their own performances based on their scores or feeling during tournaments. The main result of this study is the creation of performances curves showing variations of performance (normal performance, drop, peak, slump and choking episode). This study should give tools for coaches and athletes about analyzing correctly their performances. Also, it should provide mental coaches and sport psychologists proofs that athletes can’t give a proper definition of choking and slumping in sport, which should lead to better teaching and better coaching. Finally, the creation of the performance curves is the main highlight of this project. This is the first time that normal performance, choking, slumping and peak performance are illustrated to give a better understanding to athletes and coaches.
Abdourazakou, Yann. "La régulation des droits sportifs de retransmission dans l' Union européenne : efficacité ou équité? : vers une économie politique des droits sportifs de retransmission." Rouen, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004ROUEL487.
Full textDealing with political economics of professional sport, this thesis is willing to understand the regulation of sports broadcasting rights in the European Union. We refer to competition law and social justice theories to identify the reasons of an intervention through two classical criteria: efficiency and equity. Sports rights markets reveal an anticompetitive structure potentially affecting consumers’ welfare. National listing events refer to an immaterial cultural patrimony. One last argument relies on the existence of positive externalities justifying a free to air access. The regulation of sports rights markets illustrates the “economic” and “non economic” nature of sports rights that justifies a combination of an economic and cultural regulation
Lapeyronie, Bruno. "Analyse socio-économique des processus de développement des pratiques sportives : l'exemple des marathons en France." Paris 11, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA113001.
Full textThe story of the sports activities brings to light often various periods of evolution : birth, growth, maturity and decline. This model of "life cycle" applied to the sports system notably by Charrier far makes interact the internal logics of the various agents of a market to explain the temporal dynamics of a practice. By taking the example of the marathon, we would try to validate the hypothesis of the success and the crisis of a practice by the convergence or the difference of actors' strategies. This socioeconomic approach analyzes the French market of the offer and the demandsThe voluntarily multidisciplinary, research strategy, takes support on a methodological device built around the analysis compared by 14 French marathons led notably from a documentary analysis and from conversations semi directive with the organizers and of 1000 questionnaires sent to the participants in these competitions. The first results show very clearly the modern evolution of organizations according to a traditional and stable base, which makes echo for the sociological stability of the participants. However, the social evolutions are clearly differentiated according to the internal logics of the marathons. This report is underlined during the revealing of a tourist market in full explosion. The quantitative stability of the French marathons thus hides the variety of the offers and the demands. In a more general way, it seems that the strategic process of stake in synergy of the actors (here markets sportsman, of the organization and tourist) was made possible and successful because it came along with a plural identical construction
Messonnier, Laurent. "Cinétique d'échange et de disparition du lactate après l'exercice intense : effets de l'entraînement et influence sur la performance." Lyon 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998LYO10282.
Full textMephon, Harry P. "Les enjeux des activités physiques et sportives dans la construction d'une culture identitaire guadeloupéenne : genèse sociale et construction d'un espace de la performance." Nantes, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003NANT3003.
Full textThe body plays a predominant role in Guadeloupean culture. In the 17th century, the violence of a colonial slave society gave rise to physical practices which were divided along racial lines. The second emancipation of the slaves in 1848, goes hand in hand with a certain pacification of the society. It allowed the restricted practice of the first sports among a select few though absolutely no interest was shown by the French authorities. At the beginning of the 20th century, religion and above all the Army were in change of health, public order and the military training of a large portion of the population. In the 1930s, other sports and techniques were spreading through the island. At the same time, a small number of Guadeloupeans were already setting themselves apart in the field of athletics in metropolitan France. Thanks to the establishment of sports in Guadeloupe and state organised migration the performance of Guadeloupeans athletes on the international scene gained recognition. Nowadays, the significant presence of Guadeloupeans on national teams stems from the social discrimination which affects this society. Guadeloupeans thus use the sporting arena as a avenue for achieving excellence and giving voice to their sense of self
Escoubes, Florian. "La prise en compte des cognitions implicites et des réactions affectives dans la mesure des effets du sponsoring sportif." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOU10064/document.
Full textLe résumé en anglais n'a pas été communiqué par l'auteur
Calmels, Claire. "Effets de l'entrainement mental sur la performance et sur le développement de l'imagerie chez les gymnastes de haut niveau." Paris 10, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA100137.
Full textMental training is very important for high level performance. The aim of this study so to make an inventory of mental techniques used by elite gymnasts, to systematize them and to elaborate a mental training program. Then, this program is testes and we study these effects on the performance, on its regularity, on the imagery development and on imagery use. We also study the temporal parameter: mental movement times were compared with real movement times. Results show that the gymnasts, practicing mental training combined with physical training, improve their performances at two apparatus (bars and floor) and their imagery ability (visual and kinesthetic imagery, control) more than the gymnasts, practicing only physical training. This development depends on the age and individual imagery differences of subjects. We observe no important change in imagery use. We notice that the similarity between mental movement times and real movement times depends on apparatus and on the age the subjects. This similarity has no influence on performance but it's a good indicator of imagery control quality
Missoum, Michèle. "Les Femmes sportives de haute performance : contribution à l'étude de la psychologie du sport." Paris 7, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA070025.
Full textNgbogo, Valentin. "Le droit de retransmission télévisée des évènements sportifs." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007VERS007S.
Full textHow are born the rights on the sports events, on his broadcast and which detains them? The answers to these main questions showed the complexity of the subject. In the 80s the number of television channels tripled. The diffusers of the private sector who diffuse on paying chains discovered in the sport with its high audiences, the means to attract new subscribers and advertising agents. The acquisition of the right of broadcast of the sports events becomes then the market where private channels, public channels and private agencies are engaged a fierce competition by all the means and the overbids are going to make singe the price. At the level national as at the level of the European community, the rules of the competition impose upon all the protagonists. The authorities of competition, the French and community judges are going to watch over his being there so
Inchauspé, Isabelle. "Pour un essai d'analyse de mesure de l'agressivité à partir du sport : d'un modéle théorique à l'appréhension de l'agressivité et de ses rapports à la performance." Toulouse 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997TOU20015.
Full textAggressiveness in sport presently appears as a factor of good or bad performance. Therefore, it is not surprising to have an increasing number of "technics" for the control of aggressiveness. Through the construction of a theoretical pattern on aggressiveness, we intend to answer the question a clinician of sport is often confronted with: how can one develop an efficient aggressiveness? We will try to bring an element of an answer to that question through an experiment on the sportsmen in the game
Queval, Isabelle. "Le complexe d'Astérix : généalogie du dépassement de soi dans ses versions sportive et dopante." Paris 5, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA05H033.
Full textThe concept of self surpassing couldn't befall in the universe of the Antique though, beared by the idea of natural finality and by representation of a closed world. It revels what opposes two representations of the World and of the mankind as well as the statement of the progressive idea of progress. It drives to repeat in the sport the emblem of a self surpassing ideology crossing the entirety of society. Sport testify, through its history, the one of physical education and the one of sport, of the corporeal excellency ambivalence. (. . . )
Richard, Guillaume. "Le Concept de "milieu innovateur" et la filière sports-loisirs en région Rhône-Alpes : analyses et études de cas dans le secteur des sports et des activités en relation (SAR)." Strasbourg 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006STR20015.
Full textThis research aims at highlighting the application, in state, the concept of innovating environments (IE) to the sector of the Sports and the Activities in Relation (SAR), more precisely, in Small and Very Small Firms (SF/VSF) related to the manufacture of articles of sport (36. 4Z NAF), established in Rhône-Alpes. The author establishes initially a conceptual framework for a theory of the innovation. For that, it requests the theoretical contributions of the European group of research on the innovating environments (GREMI), in order to specify the concept of "innovating environments" and "network of innovation". It establishes then a panorama of the "sporting" innovation, underlines specificities of the Industry of Sport Equipment (ISE), of the regional economy in Rhône-Alpes and presents adopted methodology (GREMI 3). By regarding this area as a concentration the IE ones connect, the author undertakes a search for ground near "hypofirmes" having conceived a sporting product innovating
Viaud, Baptiste. "Panser les deux mondes : médecines et sports, entre principes hippocratiques et performances." Nantes, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009NANT3032.
Full textHelleu, Boris. "Régulation des ligues sportives professionnelles, une approche géographique : le cas du football européen (1975-2005)." Rouen, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007ROUEL573.
Full textThe purpose of this study is to answer the following question : to what extent does the market of the professional football clubs trigger a lack of competitive balance ? Based on a crossed view between the geography of sports and the sport economics, this research deals with 18 domestic leagues and the European cups from 1975 to 2005. The results show that , in a context of commercialisation and deregulation of the activity, most of the big market teams strengthen their dominant position on a national as well as on a continental scale. Since sport experience is associated to the preservation of the uncertainty of outcome, such a report raises political issues : Does this phoenomenon correspond to reorganization of the parity which could lead to the creation of a closed league based on the North American model ?
Haydar, Bachar. "Changement de direction en course à pied : réponses physiologiques et effets sur la performance." Amiens, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AMIE0019.
Full textCharra, Yves. "L'E. S. M "Epistémo-Socio-Marketing" : ou de la necessité d'utiliser le marketing et plus particulièrement l'ESM afin de mieux articuler dimension sociale et dimension économique et pour les managers de relier performance sociale et performance économique." Lyon 3, 2007. https://scd-resnum.univ-lyon3.fr/out/theses/2007_out_charra_y.pdf.
Full textThe ESM, Epistémo-Socio-Marketing, is a form of Marketing of which it takes again the whole of the concepts by integrating the contributions of the epistemological approach there. The ESM, makes it possible to carry out a reading of social dimension without cutting it its origins and of its roots and without denaturing its values, but moreover, its range increases some by showing its economic dimension. The ESM, also makes it possible to carry out a reading of the Marketing approach by attaching it to what seems its true origins, by updating its values, by increasing its in particular social range. The ESM, after being positioned compared to social and economic dimension, allows finally a better complementarity between the Social sector and the sector commercial and with the managers of structures intervening in the Social sector and commercial to better articulate social performance and economic performance
Bonnet, Christophe. "Confiance et liens sociaux entre capital-investisseurs et dirigeants d'entreprise : conséquences comportementales et influence sur la performance financière." Dijon, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004DIJOE003.
Full textThis dissertation studies the influence of interpersonal trust and of social ties between venture capitalists (VCs) and managers on processes, on VCs' roles during the post-investment phase, and on the financial performance of private equity investments. The main assumption is that trust and social ties foster cooperation and positively influence financial performance through the mediation of processes and of VCs consulting and interpersonal roles. Two models are tested, using data issued from a postal survey on LBOs initiated in France in 1998 and 1999. The results show that trust has a positive influence on all processes and on some VCs roles, but no direct influence on performance. As regards social ties, they show a direct positive impact on performance through the mediation of processes
Guette, Marie. "Mécanismes neuromusculaires responsables des variations diurnes du moment musculaire : impact sur la performance motrice." Dijon, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005DIJOS042.
Full textThe first goal of this manuscript, including Studies 1, 2 and 3 was to distinguish between the neuromuscular mechanisms underlying torque daily fluctuations and to evaluate the influence of daily activity on plantar flexion torque. The results showed a decrement of the torque produced by the triceps surae muscle in the evening in normal daily activity condition, due to a higher fatigue state. It could be linked to an alteration of the soleus muscle central command. In condition of reduced daily activity, the fatigue state diminished and an increase in plantar flexion torque could be observed in the evening. Muscular mechanisms seemed to be in the origin of the fluctuations. Impairment in plantar flexion torque production in the evening could have a particular influence on the realization of a global task (vertical jumps). The results of the 4th study demonstrated an absence of significant circadian rhythm of these performances could be observed
Essadek, Aziz. "Le sport, la construction d’une sublimation." Paris 7, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA070111.
Full textIt is indisputable that sport is a pervasive social phenomenon. However, each performer interpreter it and invested it in its own way. For some people it will be an educational tool, for others a way to be healthy or happy to everyday life. While it is interesting to corne to question the investment of different people who are physically active, we will limit ourselves to the most popular forms, that is to say, the various investments of children during their evolution and until such they become or not high-level athlete. We will not forget the adolescent period, important point in choosing a career of a sportsman. The investment of high-level sport has corne to mark the start of our research. We will try to show that the concept of sublimation applies perfectly. Sublimate his impulses (aggressive) would be the key to performance. This assumption would need to have a broader look. Sport is not just an individual investment. And if we have to question the notion of sublimation, we have to take into consideration all of the Freudian notion, both its instinctuel facet and its civilizational facet. Thus, from a historical, philosophical and sociological research, we will try to show that physical activities have always been a pleasure to Human but also a powerful tool to join the social body. Sport would create a collective affiliation
Bily, gwenaël. "L'apport de la théorie du choix social pour l'évaluation des méthodes de classement dans le sport : Le cas de la coupe du monde de football FIFA." Caen, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011CAEN0673.
Full textCabane, Charlotte. "Pratique sportive et accès à l'emploi." Paris 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA010060.
Full textLoew, Guy-Lionel. "L' amateurisme dans la presse internationale : les jeux olympiques d'hiver de Sapporo 1972." Strasbourg 2, 2007. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2007/LOEW_Guy-Lionel_2007.pdf.
Full textAt the time of the Winter Olympic Games of Sapporo 1972, the International Olympic Committee chaired by Avery Brundage (1952-1972) excluded the Austrian skier Karl Schranz because of his professionalism. This event concluded a debate of four years on the rule of eligibility of the IOC and, more particularly, on the question of amateurism. Athletes, sport leaders, journalists and the public authorities all took part in this debate. This work analyzes the speeches of nine daily newspapers coming from five different nations. 708 articles were investigated and constitute the base for this analysis. Together with these, the archives of the Olympic Museum and the Avery Brundage Collection were also consulted. The speeches of the daily newspapers on amateurism reflect marketing and nationalistic interests. The events surrounding the exclusion of Karl Schranz and the definition of Olympic values are reinterpreted throughout the Sapporo Games according to the interests and characteristics of each daily newspaper