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Lawal, Adedoyin Isola, Yinka D. Olufemi, IfeOluwa Adewuyi, and Olubukoye Opeyemi Oye. "The Impact of International Financial Reporting Standards on Financial Performance." Indonesian Journal of Business Finance and Accounting 1, no. 1 (January 10, 2018): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.32455/ijbfa.v1i1.12.
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Globalization, capital market crash and the Enron’s case led the accounting profession to insist on the need for a single set of high quality reporting standards. International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) were first adopted in 2005 by EU countries while Nigeria agreed to adopt in 2012. The question is: How does IFRS adoption improve the monetary relevance of accounting information? Several studies have explored the monetary relevance of IFRS adoption; however, they are based on foreign countries while Nigerian researches do not contain empirical evidence as they are mostly theoretical. This study therefore seeks to investigate the effect of IFRS adoption on financial performance. The study used correlation research design and data on Earnings per Share (EPS), Change in Earnings per Share (CEPS), Book Value per Share (BVPS) and net profit margin
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Martins, Otuedon Ajuyitse, and Ogbole Philip Osemudiamen. "BOARD SIZE AND CORPORATE PERFORMANCE OF QUOTED COMMERCIAL BANKS IN NIGERIA." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 7, no. 1 (January 31, 2019): 328–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v7.i1.2019.1059.
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The study examines board size and corporate performance of quoted companies in Nigeria. The objectives of the study are to examine the relationship between board size and total asset of quoted Nigerian banks; to examine the relationship between board size and total revenue of quoted Nigerian banks; to examine the relationship between board size and net profit of quoted Nigerian banks. The study adopted panel research design and census survey approach. The population of this research consists of 21 commercial banks in Nigeria. Data were collected from secondary sources that is audited financial statements. The findings of the study showed that there is a negative relationship between board size and total assets; there is a positive relationship between board size and gross revenue; there is a positive relationship between board size and Net profit. From the above findings, the study concluded that there is a relationship exist between board size and corporate performance of quoted Nigerian banks. The study further recommend that commercial banks and quoted firms must ensure that a proper board of directors is composed in other to institute standards and controls that will boost the net income of the firm; regulatory bodies should ensure that firms constitute a board with a standard size of seven members. The board also must have professionals who have requisite knowledge in the business; firm’s board must ensure that the committees in the board are most effective in safeguarding the asset of the organization and should continuously make decisions that will boost the revenue and net profit of the firm.
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Aggreh, Meshack, Charles A. Malgwi, Amanda E. Enyi-Igbokwe, and Mercy S. Aggreh. "Does Adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) Affect Financial Performance? Evidence from Nigerian Deposit Money Banks." International Journal of Accounting and Financial Reporting 8, no. 3 (July 24, 2018): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijafr.v8i3.13309.
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This paper examines the effect of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) adoption on financial performance of eleven (11) deposit money banks listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange (NSE) as at December 31, 2014. The Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test was used to test whether significant differences exist in the profitability, liquidity and leverage ratios of the selected banks using IFRS and Nigerian Statement of Accounting Standards (SAS) based financial statements. The results show that adoption of IFRS does significantly affect financial performance of Nigerian deposit money banks. Specifically, IFRS adoption significantly and positively affects profitability of Nigerian deposit money banks, while it significantly, but negatively affects their liquidity and financial leverage. The study recommends continuous enlightenment campaigns on the potential effects of IFRS implementation by the regulatory authorities, professional bodies and the government as more and more firms in Nigeria change from SAS based financial reporting to IFRS. Furthermore, firms should endeavour to use the opportunity presented by the IFRS to improve their business processes in all ramifications so as to promote uniformity and transparency.
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Abdullahi, U., S. A. Bustani, F. E. Rotimi, and A. Hassan. "Assessing Quality Management Practice in Nigerian Construction Industry." Journal of Construction Business and Management 3, no. 2 (August 20, 2019): 17–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.15641/jcbm.3.2.569.
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Several adverse reports on quality performance drive the need to assess quality management practice in the Nigerian construction industry. Incidences of building failures and in extreme cases, building collapse have been attributed to poor quality management among other factors. This paper assesses the quality management practices of Nigerian construction firms intending to suggest appropriate courses of action for improving quality performance. Data were collected through questionnaires administered to management staff in 20 construction firms in Abuja, Nigeria. Findings from the study show that inspections and statistical quality control techniques are the most widely used quality management tools by construction firms in Nigeria. However, the study found that the preparation of quality management plans (QMP) and quality auditing (a measure of quality assurance in building production), is not popular among Nigerian construction firms. Inadequate planning arrangements for quality, poor communication of quality requirements and lack of awareness of the benefits of quality management were identified as the most significant issues affecting quality management practice. Therefore there is a low uptake of quality management practice principles within construction organizations in Nigeria. Hence, the need to create awareness for implementing quality management principles and concepts in its construction industry.
Keywords: Assessment, Construction industry, Nigeria, Quality management, Quality standards
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Ofoegbu, N. Grace, Ndubuisi Odoemelam, and Collins G. Ntim. "International financial reporting standards (IFRS) disclosure and performance of Nigeria listed companies." Cogent Business & Management 5, no. 1 (January 1, 2018): 1542967. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2018.1542967.
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Ogunmakin, Adeduro Adesola, Bamikole Samson Fajuyagbe, and Micah Juwon Akinleye. "Adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) and Financial Performance of Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria." Management and Accounting Review 20, no. 1 (April 30, 2021): 155–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/mar.v20i01-08.
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The study explored adoption of the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) on financial performance of banks in Nigeria over a time period of ten years spreading over from 2006 to 2016. Data set utilized were randomly gathered across 10 (ten) banks, and analyzed with the use of pooled OLS, fixed effect and random effect estimations alongside the F-test and Hausman test. Result showed that embracing IFRS had insignificant positive effect on ROA of banks in Nigeria (β=0.0038609 p=0.366). It was likewise shown that loan to deposit ratio had a significant negative influence on return on asset (β=-0.0017625 p=0.046). The study established that IFRS implementation had not significantly spurred financial performance of banks in Nigeria, however it has the possibility of doing as such if banks can completely receive and fuse all parts of the Standard in their monetary detailing structure. Subsequently, it is suggested that Regulatory Authorities of deposit money banks should set up an administrative board that will be burdened with the obligation of following the pace of adoption of the IFRS in the country.
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Uchenna Okoye, Lawrence, Felicia Olokoyo, Johnson I. Okoh, Felix Ezeji, and Rhoda Uzohue. "Effect of corporate governance on the financial performance of commercial banks in Nigeria." Banks and Bank Systems 15, no. 3 (August 14, 2020): 55–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/bbs.15(3).2020.06.
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Banks are expected to operate within acceptable standards of governance for consistent profitable operations. They run heavily on customer deposits, which is confidence-driven. Since the quality of governance is critical to winning and retaining customer confidence and patronage, the imperative for good governance practices in banks cannot be overemphasized. This research paper explores the nexus between governance practices and bank profitability in Nigeria. It adopts the size of bank board and directors’ stake as proxies for corporate governance, with return on assets and return on equity as representations for financial performance. The research incorporates firm size as a controlled variable. The estimation technique of the Generalized Method of Moments was employed. Evidence from the research reveals that board size, directors’ equity, and firm size substantially affect Nigerian banks’ financial performance. Besides, the study shows a robust effect of lagged return on equity on the current level of performance. Therefore, the study asserts that governance in business entities strongly affects their financial performance and recommends maintaining optimum board size to minimize boardroom conflicts. It further prescribes that the requirement for substantial equity stake by directors of banking institutions be sustained, as it secures commitment to governance practices that support profitability. AcknowledgmentThe authors acknowledge the support of Covenant University towards the publication of this paper.
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Abdullahi, Aminu, Musa Yelwa Abubakar, and Sunusi Sa’ Ad Ahmad. "International financial reporting standards (IFRS) adoption and oil & gas companies performance in Nigeria." International Journal of Accounting and Economics Studies 5, no. 2 (September 29, 2017): 146. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijaes.v5i2.8209.
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This study investigates the effect of IFRS adoption on the performance of oil and gas marketing companies in Nigeria. The study utilise financial statements of a sample of eight (8) oil and gas companies operating in the country. These companies were purposively selected due to availability of data. Firms’ performance was proxied by Profit Margin (PM), Return on Assets (ROA) and Return on Equity (ROE) ratios and were considered as dependent variables to be determined by reporting regime (RR) as independent variable. While Current Ratio (CR), quick Test (QT), Total Debt Ratio (TDR) Earnings per Share (EPS) and Equity Debt Ratio (EDR) are use as control variables. The ratios were computed and compared for 4 years (2010 to 2011) before mandatory IFRS adoption and 2012 to 2013 often mandatory adoption OLS, regression with help of eviews 9 was employed for the analysis. The study reveals IFRS adoption has not improved the performance of oil and gas companies in Nigeria. The paper recommended that, oil and gas companies should continue to comply with provisions of IFRS as it will improve their reporting quality which may also improve their performance as result of more investment flow, easy access to capital and comparability.
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Ojo, Adegbola, Nikolaos Papachristodoulou, and Samuel Ibeh. "The Development of an Infrastructure Quality Index for Nigerian Metropolitan Areas Using Multivariate Geo-Statistical Data Fusion." Urban Science 2, no. 3 (July 17, 2018): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/urbansci2030059.
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Nigeria recently witnessed a decade of urban, economic, and social transformation. However, certain features of the Nigerian business environment act as constraints on economic growth. These characteristics also deter investment and exasperate business competitiveness. Inadequate infrastructure is identified as a major constraint to growth and competitiveness. This article summarises the technical development of a City Infrastructure Quality Index (CIQI) aimed at providing a relative measure of performance in urban infrastructure in Nigeria, focusing specifically on factors of production and resources for inclusive economic growth and development. The design of the CIQI adopts quality assurance principles undergirded by a five-stage systematic integration and calibration of spatial statistics derived from secondary data sources. The results have allowed for the piloting of a comparative framework for gauging good practice, excellence and adherence to recognisable standards in the provision of infrastructure across 37 Nigerian urban and metropolitan areas.
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Chukwu, M. N., and C. N. Oranu. "Performance Assessment of Biological Wastewater Treatment at WUPA Wastewater Treatment Plant, Abuja, Nigeria." Nigerian Journal of Environmental Sciences and Technology 2, no. 1 (March 2018): 46–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.36263/nijest.2018.01.0062.
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Biological treatment of wastewater from Wupa Wastewater Treatment Plant, Abuja was investigated. Wastewater samples were collected from the inlet and effluent point (before and after the ultra violet radiation unit) of the treatment plant. The physicochemical parameters; temperature, pH, conductivity, total dissolved solids (TDS), total suspended solids (TSS) and dissolved oxygen (DO) were measured. The Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) were obtained from samples collected from the influent and effluent points using Standard methods specified by the American Public Health Association (APHA). The water samples were also analysed for the presence of bacterial organisms via Total Coliform Count (TCC), Total Bacteriological Count (TBC) and Faecal Count (FC). At the end of the analysis, the percentage removal efficiency of the ultra violet radiation for TCC, TBC and FC were calculated. Results showed that the mean removal efficiency for TCC, TBC and FC were 99.6% , 89.9% and 98.9% respectively; all within the permissible limit of World Health Organization and Federal Ministry of Environment. There was a reduction of 81.5% in COD, 98.9% in BOD which met the required effluent standards. There was significant differences between the pH, TSS, DO, COD and BOD of the influent and effluent (P<0.05). These results showed that there is an urgent need for appropriate steps to be taken for proper management and sanitation of the wastewater before discharging it to the stream, to ensure total conformity with the approved standards.
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Ojeka, Stephen, Alex Adegboye, Dorcas Titilayo Adetula, Kofo Adegboye, and Inemesit Udoh. "IFRS adoption and CEO compensation: evidence from listed banks in Nigeria." Banks and Bank Systems 14, no. 3 (July 15, 2019): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/bbs.14(3).2019.01.
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The study investigates the influence of International Financial Reporting Standards adoption, using accounting performance measure, to determine the CEO pay in listed banks in Nigeria. The audited annual financial statements of listed banks in Nigeria covering the period of 2009–2015 are analyzed. Fixed effect model, viz panel data analysis is adopted to establish the findings. The findings indicate that adoption of IFRS in Nigeria results in an inverse relationship with accounting performance in determining the CEO compensation after controlling for firm and corporate governance mechanism. However, the adoption of IFRS shows significant positive influence on the CEO pay. This result has policy implication, which encourages the regulatory agencies like Central Bank of Nigeria to monitor the compliance of all banks in Nigeria to the IFRS adoption.
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Jungjohann, Svenja, Ekene Onyeagba, Adeyemi Opeoluwa, Charles Nwachukwu, Michael Ojo, and Mduduzi Mbuya. "Methods and Outcomes of an Assessment of Foods Available to the Nigerian Population That Are Compliant with the Mandatory National Vitamin A Fortification Standards." Current Developments in Nutrition 4, Supplement_2 (May 29, 2020): 849. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzaa053_054.
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Abstract Objectives The fortification program in the Nigeria can only be effective if the food brands consumed by most of the population comply with the vitamin A fortification standards. We conducted two market assessments designed to, (1) quantify the fortification quality (extent to which levels of fortification align with food standards) of key food brands, (2) establish the degree of food brand penetration into Nigerian markets, and (3) estimate the market share weighted availability of fortified oil, margarine, & sugar in Nigeria. Methods We visited 3500 retail outlets across zones in Nigeria to ascertain oil, margarine & sugar availability and volumes sold. In parallel, government regulators collected 10 samples from different batches of the main packaged food brands across 20 market hubs. The vitamin A content was quantified using HPLC, the average content by brand computed, and compared to the national fortification standards considering labs’ measurement uncertainties. The brand level results were weighted using the availability and market volume data to estimate fortified food coverage in the country and the proportion of the fortified food volume. Results We found 98% of margarine, 86% of oil and 85% of sugar available in Nigeria to be fortified with vitamin A. In comparison, 96%, 71% and 87% of all brands analyzed, respectively were fortified. The main 3 margarine brands (of 56) make up 90% of the margarine market and are fortified according to standard (min. 7.5 mg/kg). The main 3 oil brands (of 145) represent 75% of the oil market and are also fortified to standard (min. 6 mg/kg). The main 3 sugar brands (of 39) making up 70% of the sugar market are fortified but below the standard minimum (7.8 mg/kg). The main 3 main brands are available across all 6 geographic zones, except for the second and third sugar brands that are available in 4–5 zones. Conclusions Focus on fortification quality improvements should be directed mainly to sugar fortification. Data on brand availability and penetration permits (a) focused performance monitoring towards brands and producers reaching most consumers and geographic areas at greatest need, (b) extrapolation of brand fortification quality to estimate epidemiologic risk and benefit in the population that can be linked to one food or across multiple food vehicles providing the same micronutrients. Funding Sources Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation.
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Asogwa, Brendan E., Cyprian I. Ugwu, and Ferdinand C. Ugwuanyi. "Evaluation of electronic service infrastructures and quality of e-services in Nigerian academic libraries." Electronic Library 33, no. 6 (November 2, 2015): 1133–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/el-04-2014-0071.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the quality of online services in academic libraries in Nigeria. It seeks to assess the functionality of electronic infrastructures, to expose areas where the service needs of users are not adequately provided and to recommend solutions. Design/methodology/approach – The sample population was 210 staff and students who used electronic resources in Nigerian university libraries during the 2012-2013 academic session. A questionnaire was the main instrument for data collection. Modified WebQual four performance indicators were designed and used to measure: library equipment, library website, online public access catalogue (OPAC) and e-user education in the university libraries. The five-point service performance scale that ranged from very poor performance to excellent was used in measuring the views of the respondents. Findings – None of the indicators was rated excellent; six were rated good; nine were average; two and five indicators scored poor and very poor, respectively. Poor funding, intermittent power supply and weak telecommunication infrastructures were among the major impediments to online services in Nigerian universities. Through adequate funding and prudent management of library funds, online services in Nigerian university libraries could meet global standards. Practical implications – Results from this paper could guide library management on several concrete remedial actions to sustain e-service performance that could meet the missions and visions of contemporary academic libraries. Originality/value – This paper was the first to apply WebQual model in the evaluation of electronic performance quality of academic libraries in Nigeria.
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., DR ISRAEL, PAUL CHIJIOKE, ISRAEL ., and HAPPINESS CHERECHI. "OVERLOAD OF MINIMUM STANDARDS FOR COLLEGES OF EDUCATION AND STUDENTS’S PERFORMANCE IN NIGERIA CERTIFICATE IN EDUCATION EXAMINATION IN SOUTH-SOUTH, NIGERIA." Scientific Research Journal 07, no. 12 (December 27, 2019): 37–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.31364/scirj/v7.i12.2019.p1219735.
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Apeh, Hosea Abalaka, and Fati Binta Shuaibu. "COMPARATIVE STUDY OF STUDENTS’ PERFORMANCE IN CONVENTIONAL AND OPEN DISTANCE EDUCATION PROGRAMMES IN NIGERIA." Sokoto Educational Review 16, no. 1 (June 28, 2015): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.35386/ser.v16i1.60.
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This study was carried out to discern the relative effectiveness of open distance instruction delivery mode as compared to conventional (face-to-face) instruction delivery mode by understudying the academic performance of students enrolled in the University of Abuja, (a dual-mode university in Nigeria) from 2004-2008. Using the descriptive survey research method, students’ academic performance records for four academic sessions were collected and analyzed using mean scores, standard deviations and t-test statistical analysis technique. The findings indicate that there were significant differences between the academic performance of students in conventional education and open distance education delivery modes. Students of conventional education programmes appear to perform better than their open distance education counterparts. This was contrary to many researches on distance education which indicated a finding of no significant difference between the two delivery modes. The findings can be explained by the way and manner in which the open distance programmes are run in Nigeria, which have perennially fallen short of internationally acceptable standards especially as it pertains to use of technology in open distance education. The paper recommends improvement in the distance learning as practiced in Nigeria, in order to harness the known comparative advantage of this delivery mode, for improving access to higher education by bridging the instructor-learner gap via modern information and communications technology.
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Adeola, Ogechi, and Kennedy Ezenwafor. "The hospitality business in Nigeria: issues, challenges and opportunities." Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes 8, no. 2 (April 11, 2016): 182–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/whatt-11-2015-0053.
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Purpose This paper aims to advance cooperation and collaboration as solutions to problems in the Nigerian hospitality industry. The issues and challenges plaguing the hospitality industry in Nigeria are discussed in the context of the case company, a small independent restaurant in Lagos. Design/methodology/approach Phenomenological research strategies guided the approach to this study. The authors identified a specific problem and gathered information, primarily through one-on-one interviews and a focus group, to learn how individuals within a defined industry experienced the ramifications of the phenomenon. Findings The operating environment of the hospitality sector in Nigeria has an effect on the supply of skills and the financial performance of the case restaurant and similar hospitality businesses. To improve overall performance of the industry, private-public partnerships between government agencies, hospitality colleges and hospitality businesses, strategic partnerships between expert hospitality institutions and business schools, cooperation among hospitality business owners and improvement in managerial practices could be strategic moves for an industry operating under heavy institutional hindrances peculiar to Nigeria. Research limitations/implications The authors analysed the environmental trickle-down effect that could impact the profits of the restaurant. Organisational qualities such as leadership styles, the psychology of employment and the operations or policies of the company are not viewed in this context. The issues of the restaurant and a few hospitality businesses in Lagos were flagged as a representation for the industry in Nigeria. Practical implications Predisposing factors contributing to the attributed negative trickle-down effect on the enabling business environment for the industry, strategic partnerships, attaining high standards for curriculum development at educational institutions and enhanced training, with the goal of assuring creditable skills within the hospitality industry. Originality/value This paper is among the first to examine the critical issues, challenges and opportunities facing the hospitality industry in Nigeria.
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Orji, Bright. "Strengthening Malaria Service Delivery through Measurement of Quality Improvement of Performance Standards in Nigeria: evaluation of Community Health Workers Performance." TEXILA INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 6, no. 2 (June 29, 2018): 74–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.21522/tijph.2013.06.02.art010.
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Ifeanyi, Ukwuaba Samuel. "Performance Evaluation of Biogas Yields Potential from Co-Digestion of Water Hyacinth and Kitchen Waste." European Journal of Engineering Research and Science 3, no. 4 (April 20, 2018): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejers.2018.3.4.684.
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Solid wastes are generated and dump indiscriminately in Nigeria due to poor implementation of standards, thus causing environmental and public health hazards. Nigeria generates more than 32 million tons of solid waste annually, out of which only 20-30% is collected and disposed in an open dump site. Different researchers have reported that organic waste fraction of solid waste generated in Nigeria has the highest percentage which is over 50%. However, this fraction of organic waste is yet to be properly utilized for biogas production. This research work is focused on the performance evaluation of biogas potential yields from co-digestion of kitchen wastes and water hyacinth. A 0.030m3 anaerobic mild steel digester was fabricated and used to digest the composition of water hyacinth and kitchen wastes. The experiment was conducted under mesophilic temperature range and a pH range of 6.0-7.4. The results obtained show that a cumulative biogas yield of 0.0499m3 was obtained from 30kg of substrates composition of kitchen waste and water hyacinth. Besides, optimum biogas yields were obtained at optimum mesophilic temperature.
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Modugu, Kennedy Prince. "Firm Performance and Corporate Disclosure Level of Listed Companies in Nigeria." Asian Journal of Finance & Accounting 9, no. 2 (September 21, 2017): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ajfa.v9i2.11778.
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The study investigates the relationship between firm performance (proxied by profitability and liquidity) and corporate disclosure in Nigerian listed firms. The data used in the study were obtained from the annual reports of 60 companies listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange from the various sectors of the country’s economy. The study covers the post International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRSs) adoption period of three years (2012 – 2014). Corporate disclosure (dependent variable) was disaggregated into mandatory, voluntary and total disclosure. The data were analysed using both descriptive statistics and the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression. Findings from the descriptive statistics reveal that, contrary to prior findings, there is a steady improvement in mandatory disclosure by Nigerian companies since the country’s adoption of IFRSs. However, voluntary disclosure still remains relatively low. The regression results show no significant relationship between profitability and the three components of corporate disclosure. But liquidity shows a significant positive relationship with mandatory and total disclosure. The combined effect of profitability and liquidity shows no significant relationship with any of the components of corporate disclosure. The findings suggest that improved performance of companies does not necessarily induce them to disclosure more information as widely reported by previous researchers. These findings notwithstanding, the decision to disclose sufficiently and timely must be accorded priority attention by companies, considering the critical role of adequate and timely information disclosure in the global marketplace.
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Suleiman, Ismail A., Shitu Abubakar, Muhammad Usman Kaisan, Suleiman Magaji, Aminu Sahabi Abubakar, Sabiu Shitu, Isaaac Ajunwa, Ibrahim Umar Ibrahim, and Samaila Umaru. "PRODUCTION AND PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL OF BIODIESEL DERIVED FROM USED COOKING OIL ON COMPRESSION IGNITION ENGINE." FUDMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCES 4, no. 2 (July 14, 2020): 658–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2020-0402-240.
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The present study is concerned with the production of biodiesel produced from used cooking groundnut oils using alkali trans-esterification reaction. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analyses were carried out on the biodiesel produced and the presence of methyl esters and their various functional groups were detected. The Physico-chemical properties of the biodiesels produced were also carried out and most of the properties conformed to ASTM standards. The biodiesel samples were tested in a 165F- Horizontal Single Cylinder Direct Injection Diesel Engine at Bayero University Kano (BUK), Kano State, Nigeria, investigating parameters such as: Brake power, Specific fuel consumption and Brake mean effective pressure. The exhaust gas was analysed in an NHA-506EN automotive gas analyzer, from Nigerian Institute of Transport Technology, Zaria, Kaduna State, where parameters such as hydrocarbon (HC), nitrogen oxide (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon (IV) oxide (CO2) were all analyzed. The results showed that the oil from frying yam yielded 87.5% while that from frying fish yielded 94% and the biodiesels produced conformed to most of the Physico-chemical properties according to the ASTM standards. Also, the engine results demonstrated that there was improved brake power and mean effective pressure but the specific fuel consumptions were higher than that of the control sample. Lastly, the exhaust gas emissions results showed that there were significant reductions in carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxide (NOx), carbon IV oxide (CO2) and hydrocarbon emissions showing us that biodiesel is more eco-friendly.
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Junaidu, Abubakar Sambo, and Haruna Ahmadu. "International Financial Reporting Standards Adoption and Liquidity Performance of Food and Beverages Listed Companies: Empirical Evidence from Nigeria." Growth 6, no. 1 (2019): 20–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.20448/journal.511.2019.61.20.26.
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Adedeji, Babatunji Samuel, Tze San Ong, Md Uzir Hossain Uzir, and Abu Bakar Abdul Hamid. "Corporate governance and performance of medium-sized firms in Nigeria: does sustainability initiative matter?" Corporate Governance: The International Journal of Business in Society 20, no. 3 (February 10, 2020): 401–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/cg-09-2019-0291.
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Purpose The non-existence of the corporate governance (CG) concept for practices by non-financial medium-sized firms (MSFs) in Nigeria informed. This study aims to determine whether CG practices influence firms’ performance and whether sustainability initiative (SI) mediates the relationship between CG and MSFs’ performance in Nigeria. Design/methodology/approach A total of 300 firms were selected on convenience sampling basis from South Western Nigeria using a structured questionnaire. The authors used Statistical Package for Social Sciences for exploratory data analysis and hypotheses were tested using covariance-based structural equation modelling. Findings The results show that CG has a significant positive effect on performance [financial performance (FNP) and non-financial performance (NFP)] and SI. SI has a mixed impact on performance, e.g. a significant positive impact on NFP but insignificant negative impact on FNP. Similarly, SI has a combined mediating effect in the relationship between CG and performance, e.g. fully mediates CG → NFP and does not mediate CG → FNP. Firms are to invest in social and environmental initiatives substantially. CG codes will complement the International Financial Reporting Standards for MSFs. Research limitations/implications This study supports the assumptions of theories (institutional, stakeholder and agency) as the basis for the usage of multiple approaches to determine the outcome of hypotheses, especially in developing climes. Practical implications The study contributes to CG and performance literature by examining the mediating effects of SI. The paper also shows the necessity to emphasise NFP aspect. Policymakers should evolve CG codes to encourage stakeholders to believe more in the corporate existence of MSFs for strengthening capital-base and quality personnel engagement. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is one of the first empirical attempts showing the evidence on the relationship between CG and NFP in Nigeria.
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Ibrahim, Nura, and Shafi’u Abubakar Kurfi. "An Assessment of Compliance with Disclosure Requirements of IAS 41 (Agriculture) By Listed Agricultural Firms in Nigeria." American International Journal of Agricultural Studies 2, no. 1 (June 24, 2019): 9–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.46545/aijas.v2i1.95.
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This study examined the extent of compliance with disclosure requirements of IAS 41 by agricultural companies listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange (NSE) for the period of 5 years (2013-2017). The data for the study were obtained from the published financial statements of the sampled firms for the period under review from which a compliance index were constructed, The tools for analysis used were the qualitative grading using a compliance index and the one way ANOVA purposely to test the hypotheses proposed. The study observed that three out of the four Companies achieved more than 70% with overall mean scores of 76.02%. This shows that majority of the agricultural firms in Nigeria strongly complied with the disclosure requirements of IAS 41. Based on the findings the study recommends among others that firms should strive at all times to comply with all regulatory and statutory requirement in the preparation and presentation of financial statements, giving the fact that it is a set of documents that prescribe the performance of the reporting entity. The Financial Reporting Council of Nigeria should publish annually the compliance status of all listed firms in Nigeria; so that the compliance status of every firm will become known to all interested users of financial statements; and also the Council should urge external auditors of firms to ensure that their clients are complying with the requirements of IASs issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB).
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Zayum, Solomon Sumumma, Oravee Aule, and A. A. Hangeior. "Performance Appraisal and Employee Productivity in Plateau State Internal Revenue Service, Nigeria." Journal of Public Administration and Governance 7, no. 4 (October 8, 2017): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jpag.v7i4.11973.
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The study examined the effect of Performance Appraisal on Employee Productivity in Plateau State Internal Revenue Service. The study was guided by two objectives and two null hypotheses of no significant relationship. The study adopts survey research design. The population of the study consists of all 1580 employees of PSIRS. The sample size of the study was 319; this was determined using Taro Yamane formula. The sample size was allocated to the population using Bourley’s Proportional formula. The instrument of data collection was a structured questionnaire. The instrument was subjected to face and content validity. Cronbach alpha method was used to establish the internal consistency of the questionnaire items. A reliability coefficient of 0.85 was obtained. Data collected were analyzed using frequency, percentages and tables. Logit regression model was used to assess the nature and degree of relationship between dependent variable and independent variables. Log likelihood ratio Chi-square and Log likelihood estimates were used to test model fit of the 2 hypotheses for the study; the z-statistics test was also used to test the independent variables influence on the dependent variable. The study revealed that management by objectives and 360 degree feedback appraisal techniques enhanced employee productivity in PSIRS. It was recommended that, PSIRS should enforce management by objectives in order to enable staff participate in organizational goal setting and understand areas of responsibility so as to further improve productivity. The 360 degree feedback appraisal techniques should also be encouraged to serve as pre-requisite for supervisors and employees to discuss organizational weaknesses, productivity standards and areas of improvement.
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Amasuomo, Ebikapade, and Jim Baird. "Investigating the Wastes Management Practices of Businesses in Nigeria." Journal of Management and Sustainability 6, no. 4 (November 28, 2016): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jms.v6n4p107.
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<p class="EbiBody">Wastes and environmental management in many Nigerian cities have suffered tremendous setbacks in the last few decades. Literatures and environmental reports confirm a below average performance in relation to wastes and environmental management practices. Apart from unwholesome practices that characterises wastes management at household levels, many businesses across Nigeria have also capitalized on the lack of proper monitoring and enforcement of wastes and environmental laws to adopt practices that promotes organizational profits over environmental quality.</p><p class="EbiBody">Hence, the current research investigates wastes management practices of small businesses (retailers) in Nigeria with a view to identify where corrections should be made in order to improve the overall wastes management standards in the country.</p><p class="EbiBody">In order to achieve these aims and to proffer adequate solutions to the wastes management issues in the city, the paper employed a mixed method approach using closed and open-ended questionnaires in collecting data. In all about 900 questionnaires were collected and analysed for the study. A multi stage cluster sampling technique was employed due to the unavailability of an up-to-date sampling frame in the study area.</p><p>It was found that businesses were heavily involved in unfriendly environmental practices such as; burning of wastes, random and indiscriminate disposal, dumping of wastes on water bodies and disposal on illegal dumpsites. These wastes management practices were found to be a clear violation of standard international best practices as only a fraction of businesses dispose their wastes using official disposal points. The study therefore advocates that the wastes management authorities develop a means of influencing the environmental culture of organizations (retailers) in order to improve wastes management among businesses. Similarly, the research argues that adequate environmental policies be formulated and enforced in order to encourage retailers to embrace sustainable wastes management practices.</p>
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Olojede, Paul, Francis Iyoha, Ben-Caleb Egbide, and Olayinka Erin. "Regulatory agencies and creative accounting practices in Nigeria." Problems and Perspectives in Management 18, no. 3 (October 12, 2020): 465–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.18(3).2020.38.
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Regulation and regulatory agencies are to serve as external control mechanisms to ensure that the financial statements provide a fair view of the company’s operating performance and financial position, free of any unethical practice and suitable for all stakeholders’ needs. Despite the increasing importance of regulatory agencies in enforcing compliance with the standards and laws, it occupies a limited space in accounting research. This study, therefore, investigated the impact of regulatory agencies on creative accounting practices. The study used descriptive and survey research design to achieve its aim. It employed a multi-stage sampling technique, also questionnaires were distributed among 405 respondents consisting of preparers of accounts, users of accounts, and regulators. Out of the number distributed, the respondents returned 241 copies, and all of them were found suitable. The study used Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) to analyze the data and test the hypothesis. The empirical findings showed that the regulatory agencies jointly show a significant impact on creative accounting practices, but the level of contribution to the overall impact by each regulatory agency varies. The study concludes that Nigeria’s regulatory agencies are weak and inefficient in enforcing compliance with the relevant rules. The study recommends that the institutional capacity of the regulatory agencies should be strengthened by enforcing compliance with financial reporting rules and regulation. Most of these agencies should develop capacity in the areas of manpower, information technology infrastructures, and funding. Acknowledgment The authors acknowledge Covenant University who has solely provided the platform for this research and has also fully sponsored the research cluster search for data across the country.
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Obeta, Michael Chukwuma. "Private for-profit rural water supply in Nigeria: Policy constraints and options for improved performance." Journal of Water and Land Development 41, no. 1 (June 1, 2019): 101–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jwld-2019-0033.
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Abstract Water scarcity is a major and growing problem in Nigerian rural areas, leading to the emergence of private for-profit water services providers (PPWSPs). This paper characterizes the landscape of PPWSPs in Nigerian rural communities using information collected from field observations, in-depth interviews, questionnaire surveys, and from published water resources literature. The data collected were analysed through the use of descriptive statistical tools. The results revealed the characteristics, categories, contributions and concerns of water users regarding water supplies by PPWSPs. Responses show that PPWSPs are helping to engender development, guarantee end-users with access to sufficient and reliable supplies and reduce water shortages in the study communities. Sixty four percent of sampled households depend on PPWSPs for their water requirements. Many PPWSPs operate outside the purview of government regulations and have differentiated service modes and prizes to gain wider acceptability. Despite the progress made by PPWSPs, however, the strategy can neither guarantee universal access nor the supply of safe drinking water. Significant barriers to the operations of PPWSPs, how to close the policy-gaps that constrain services delivery by PPWSPs and improve performances through setting of standards and regulatory reforms are discussed.
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Emoarehi, Eriki, Nwanneka J. Modebe, and Lawrence Uchenna Okoye. "International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) Adoption and the Performance of Key Financial Ratios : Evidence from Quoted Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria." Journal of Policy and Development Studies 11, no. 3 (October 2017): 40–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.12816/0040641.
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Nimota Jibola, Abdullahi. "ETHICAL LEADERSHIP AND STAFF INNOVATIVE BEHAVIOUR IN NIGERIA." Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities 59, no. 1 (June 30, 2020): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.46568/jssh.v59i1.322.
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This study investigated ethical leadership and staff innovative behaviour in Nigeria. The aims of this study are to find out the relationships that exist among ethical leadership and staff innovative behaviour. This study also seeks to find the level of practice for the parts in ethical leadership and staff innovative. Quantitative research design was adopted in the study. Sample of 350 participants were randomly selected from the sample university in line with Research Advisor (2006), table of determining sample size of known population. Pearson correlations and linear regression analysis were used to analyze the collected data. The findings show that leadership integrity, power sharing and fairness positively and significantly correlated with staff innovative behaviour. The result also shows that staff innovative behaviour can be influenced by ethics behaviour of academic leaders. In order to improve staff innovative behaviour and development of universities, academic leaders must demonstrate high standards of professional conduct, encourage an open and transparent culture, develop framework that will encourage staff to work together irrespective of their race, gender, religion or age, as well as demonstrate effective fairness in terms of unbiased evaluation of staff performance. If all these are put in place, staff innovative behaviour (self-efficacy, knowledge sharing, and idea generation) will be achieved.
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C.J, Igbokwe-Ibeto,. "The Effect of Job Analysis on Service Delivery in Federal Airports Authority of Nigeria (FAAN) 2005-2014." International Journal of Human Resource Studies 9, no. 2 (May 5, 2019): 195. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijhrs.v9i2.14745.
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The issue of public service delivery has been a high priority subject for organizational researchers and practitioners alike in Nigeria. However, linking human resource management practices such as job analysis that has received considerable attention in developed western countries as a useful human resource planning tool towards improving service delivery in the country is relatively new and requires scholarly attention particularly in the context of Nigerian public sector organizations. Within the framework of New Public Management (NPM) theory, the study examined the effect of job analysis on service delivery in the Federal Airports Authority of Nigeria (FAAN) 2005-2014. The study was guided by two research questions and hypotheses. The study adopted the survey research design. The study relied on primary and secondary data, and multiple stage sampling technique was used to select the sample population. Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient and Simple Regression Analyses statistical techniques were used with the aid of Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) to test the research hypotheses. Findings of the study show that job analysis has a significant effect on employee commitment in Federal Airports Authority of Nigeria at the 5percent levels. There is also a significant relationship between job analysis and quality of service delivery at the conventional 5percent levels. Given the pivotal role that job analysis plays in the 21st century, FAAN should adopt the conduct of job analysis as a basic human resource management tool for proper personnel utilization and improve quality of service delivery. FAAN should through job analysis, identify and develop proper employee commitment scheme, such as training and retraining, and performance review standards that could enhance service delivery. It should also make expertise available to conduct job analysis. This would assist to ensure that all critical aspects such as skills, knowledge and competencies are taken into consideration thereby eliminate the concept of garbage in garbage out.
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NWOKWU, TOCHUKWU CHRISTIAN, PRADEEP M. P. DHARMADASA, and PRASATH D. L. M. RATHNASINGHA. "Board Involvement on Earnings Per Share (EPS)." International Journal for Innovation Education and Research 6, no. 5 (May 31, 2018): 130–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol6.iss5.1031.
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This research aims to investigate the effect of board involvement on earnings per share. The current study uses the correlation and regression models to analyze publicly available data for a sample of 69 firms quoted in the Nigerian Stock Exchange for the fiscal year 2011. This indicates that the research made use of cross sectional data. Several diagnostic tests have been applied to justify the validity of the results. The empirical investigations reveal that director’ shareholdings, board size and board skills have significant impact on performance. Good corporate governance standards are very essential to every organization and should be encouraged and practiced for the interest of the investors, shareholders and other stakeholders. Is worthy of note, that from a developing country like Nigeria, especially in sub-Saharan Africa, this paper is the first of its kind and offers evidence on the effect of board involvement on earnings per share. The paper provides useful information that is of great value to policy makers, academia, corporate firms and other stakeholders.
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Atikpo, E., J. E. Ago, T. M. Peretomode, O. S. Edema, E. E. Oisakede, G. G. Agbi, and A. Michael. "Remediation of zinc contaminated soils from a farm settlement in Nigeria." Nigerian Journal of Technology 39, no. 2 (July 17, 2020): 600–606. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njt.v39i2.31.
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This work is on remediation of zinc concentration (330.0 mg/kg) in soils from farm settlement at Agbabu community in Ondo State of Nigeria to below maximum allowable 300 mg/kg specified for safe agriculture by standards to ensure that farm products from this farm settlement close to area of mining are safe for human beings. Three indigenous organisms: Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis), Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Proteus mirabilis (P. mirabilis) were engaged for the remediation study. The organisms were isolated and cultured. Optimum weights of the distinct organisms were inoculated in 4g soils each conditioned with optimum values of pH, temperature, stirring frequency and nutrient in thirty-six 50 ml beakers; and experimented for residual zinc ion at times 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35 days in triplicate with Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. Each organism maintained its performance position from day 5 to day 35. Bacillus subtilis took the lead, seconded by P. mirabilis while E. coli lagged. Removal to safe concentration first occurred at 10 days for B. subtilis, 15 days for P. mirabilis and 20 days for E. coli with respective 292.09 mg/kg, 294.37 mg/kg, and 290. 71 mg/kg residual concentrations. The respective residual concentrations and efficiencies at 35 days were 247.33 mg/kg and 25.06 %; 253.47 mg/kg and 23.20 %; and 267.11 mg/kg and 19.07 %. Two-ways ANOVA at (P < 0.05) showed that a combination of 2 or 3 of the organisms would result in lower residual concentration; and relevant performances at shorter times.
Keywords: Zinc, contaminated soils, farm settlement, bioremediation
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Christopher, Nkechi M. "Teacher Motivation as a Factor in Language Teaching and Learning in Nigeria." Journal of NELTA 17, no. 1-2 (May 20, 2013): 14–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nelta.v17i1-2.8089.
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A survey was carried out to investigate the level of teacher motivation, the association between teacher motivation and language learning and teaching, as well as the factors that could impact on them in two states in the Nigeria federation. This study became necessary in order to assess the impact that government efforts, particularly the use of salary incentives, have made in restoring standards in the school system. The view is held that there has been no commensurate improvement in student performance in response to government’s gesture. However, this study indicates that most teachers are more intrinsically than extrinsically motivated in their exhibition of commendable classroom behaviours. Teachers’ claim that they are not motivated to teach is supported by negative assessment of several variables in the teaching/learning environment that are critical in raising and maintaining teacher motivation, teaching efficiency and effective language learning. Journal of NELTA, Vol. 17 No. 1-2, December 2012, Page 14-25 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nelta.v17i1-2.8089
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Omisore, Bernard Oladosu. "Strategies to Improve the Competence of Public Service Officials In Nigeria." Journal of Public Administration and Governance 3, no. 4 (January 7, 2014): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jpag.v3i4.4929.
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Public services play a central role in the well-being, sustainability and growth of communities, cities, and nations. Nigeria’s quest to attain the United Nation’s Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) will be a mirage without the public officers taking the driving seat to lead the process. Improvement in the capacity and ability of public service officials can be harnessed to improve a range of public services (e.g. health, policing, education, environment, local government, policy-making, etc.). The changing global economy, technology, politics, and increased expectations for government performance demand new attention to the complex set of public skills and capacity. Public officials are experiencing intense pressures emanating from increasing global integration - economic, political, social and cultural.New technology, new ways of organizing work, new means of delivering services and an increasing reliance on temporary employment have redefined the nature of public service. Meeting all these challenges requires a unique combination of knowledge, skills, abilities, traits and behaviours, effective human resource development policies and strategies to nurture those competencies. Against the background problems of persistent low performance of the Nigerian Public Service and the inability of the sector to deliver efficient and effective public goods and services, the Obasanjo civilian administration (1999 – 2007) identified the need for a more comprehensive and wide-ranging public sector reforms as part of its overall development framework.The success of the plethora of reform programmes of the federal government of Nigeria will largely depend on the quality of its workforce (public officers) that is statutorily charged with the responsibility to analysing, implementing, monitoring and evaluating policies and programmes of government. For example, if the service fails to deliver to certain standards, a country can lose its competitiveness, lose its direct investments and can lose its talented individuals to other countries (brain drain). While the choices are not always this simple, the ramifications and repercussions of a non-performing public sector are great in its impact and implications to the nation, its people, and its economy. To be able to deliver such levels of service, on the current scale and complexity, the fundamental personal qualities of those who deliver the service becomes imperative and vital.The objective of this paper is to identify strategies for improving the competence of public service officials in Nigeria with a view to moving public management beyond bureaucracy and promote greater economy, efficiency and effectiveness in public service delivery.
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Iheme, Gideon O. "The Undernutrition Situation of School-age Children in Nigeria: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis." Current Nutrition & Food Science 17, no. 8 (September 10, 2021): 826–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573401317666210216114311.
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Background: Under-nutrition in school-age children has proven to be responsible for poor academic performance as well as declined work capacity and poor health/reproductive function later in life. Nutritional assessment is key to monitoring the effectiveness of intervention programs aimed at reducing under-nutrition. Yet, there is a gross absence of national data on the nutritional status of school-age children. Objective: This study was designed to pool existing recent data on anthropometrically determined under-nutrition prevalence of school-age children and provide a clear picture of the regional and national malnutrition situation of school-age children in Nigeria. Methods: Published studies on the anthropometric status of school-age children in Nigeria from 2005 to 2019 were reviewed. Eligible studies were those that used the acceptable international growth standards. A total of 27 articles that assessed 17,820 school-age children met the inclusion criteria. Results: Results showed that 37.9% of studies had adopted the WHO 2007 growth reference. The overall pooled stunting, underweight, and wasting/thinness prevalence of school-age children in Nigeria are 25.5+20.4%, 24.4+18.8%, 20.6+17.4%, respectively. More than half of the studies had their under-nutrition prevalence above the public health significance thresholds. Stunting (53.2%) and underweight (36.9%) were most prominent in the North West region, while the South Southern part of Nigeria had the highest prevalence of acute malnutrition (39.5%). Conclusion: The study suggests that the inclusion of school-age children in national nutrition surveys and scale-up of intervention programs will reduce this high under-nutrition prevalence.
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Asogwa, Maximus N. O., and Severus I. Odoziobodo. "Public Private Partnership in the Provision of Health Services for the Millennium Development Goals: The Imperative Need for Optimizing the Public-Private Mix." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 12, no. 29 (October 31, 2016): 175. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2016.v12n29p175.
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Nigeria, with its large public sector, equally has an extensive wellestablished private sector; even with the ravages of the recent economic crisis. Both sectors play complementary and important roles as providers of expertise and as implementing agencies. Public-Private Partnership (PPP), the paper posits, is therefore an effort where the government of Nigeria provides the minimum standards required for coordinated collaboration with private sector, in the case of this study, the health sector. Notwithstanding various investment efforts from the public and private sectors into the Nigeria health economy, the performance of the national health system remains deplorable. The paper believes that the declining resource allocation to health, increasing costs and the breakdown in the public health facilities, make the achievement of health-related MDGs’, Millennium Development Goals’, (now SDGs, Sustainable Development Goals’) targets difficult. It is on the basis of this that the study, examines the pattern and scope of existing collaborations, including the nature, distribution of stakeholders in the sector and the characteristics of PPP in the health sector. It also examines the challenges, options and potentials for future partnership. These are examined within the strategic framework of MDGs and suggestions are made on how to overcome the challenges of public-private interventions to ensure effective policy interventions in the current Sustainable Development Goals, SDGs.
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Evans, Akpunonu, Uju, Obialor, Michael C., and Dim EthelMary O. Egungwu, Ikenna. "Stock Market Performance Indicators and Standard of Living in Nigeria- Entrepreneurial Approach." International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development Volume-1, Issue-5 (August 31, 2017): 941–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.31142/ijtsrd2379.
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John, Eze, Felix, Odigbo, Ben E., and Bassey, Agness Edem. "Small and Medium-Scale Agro-Produce Entrepreneurship and Promotion of Non-Oil Exports from Nigeria." International Business Research 11, no. 11 (October 23, 2018): 164. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ibr.v11n11p164.
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The study undertook a critical appraisal of marketing communications’ tools for the promotion of non-oil exports by small and medium-scale agro-produce entrepreneurs in Nigeria. It was motivated by the problem of low performance of the non-oil export sub-sector in the country. This is in spite of government’s incentives and the introduction of African Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA) in May 2000 by the United States of America, which was to improve export of products particularly in agriculture from Sub-Saharan Africa to the United States. The focus of AGOA was to enhance the economic growth of countries in Sub-Saharan Africa through export leverages rooted in the reduction of tariffs and non-tariff barriers. The specific objectives of the study were to: determine the effect of internet-marketing communications media as tools for promoting small and medium-scale farming entrepreneurs’ non-oil exports from Nigeria; and ascertain the effect of social-media communications as tools for promoting small and medium-scale farming entrepreneurs’ non-oil exports from Nigeria. Survey research design was adopted in the study. The sample frame comprised small and medium-scale agro-produce farmers drawn from three States representing the three-former regional structure of the country. Data sourced were statistically analyzed. Results indicate that both internet marketing and social media communications were not yet significant for promoting non-oil exports by small and medium-scale farming entrepreneurs from Nigeria, because of other serious diluting variables like poor products’ quality, packaging, processing, storage and other systemic bottlenecks. It was then recommended that the Governments in sub-Saharan Africa, particularly Nigeria, should introduce and educate small and medium-scale agro-produce entrepreneurs wishing to go into non-oil exports, among other things, to improve their products’ qualities to meet international markets’ standards, before employing internet and social media marketing communications to create global awareness and demands for them.
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Margret N., Dr Kabuoh, Smith Olufolake M., Dr Okwu Andy T., and Erigbe Patience A. "Sales Promotion and Customer’s Retention in Selected Foods and Beverages Companies in Lagos State Nigeria." Journal of Social Sciences Research, no. 63 (March 15, 2020): 276–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.32861/jssr.63.276.285.
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Organisations’ customers are the greatest asset they have to remain sustained and to retain these customers, effective sales promotion is required to push company’s products and services to various customers at satisfaction with view of making profit. However, some organisations especially those in consumable goods pay little attention to customers’ satisfaction by not imbibing effective sales promotion leading to poor sales performance and customers’ turnover. This study examines the effect of sales promotion on customer retention of selected food and beverages companies in Lagos, Nigeria. Survey research design was adopted for this study. The population of the study comprised of customers of Foods and Beverages (FandB) Companies estimated at 4,209,483 from the selected five local governments in Lagos State, Nigeria. Sample size of 1019 was derived via Krejcie and Morgan method and through simple random sampling technique. Data were elucidated from the respondents via research instrument. The Cronbach’s Alpha reliability co-efficient as well as the Kaiser-Meyer-Oklin (KMO) was established for both reliability and validity of the research instrument. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were adopted for analysis and the hypothesis was tested with simple linear regression. Result indicated that sales promotion had positive effect on customer retention of selected Foods and Beverages Companies in Lagos State Nigeria (R2=.367; t = 22.595; P<0.05). The study concludes that sales promotion has significant effect on customer retention and recommended that adequate promotional budget incentives should be considered by the F&B companies’ management to encourage effective sales promotion especially at special periods to boost sales and enhance customer retention. Quality food processing and safety measures should be enforced by the government through regulating agencies like National Foods and Drug Administration Council (NAFDAC), the Standards Organization of Nigeria (SON), and the Ministry of Health.
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Akpan, Emma, Surajudeen Abiola Abdulrahman, and Nne Pepple. "Comparison of the Level of Adherence to Laboratory Quality Management System between Public and Private Secondary Health Facilities in Southern Nigeria." Global Journal of Health Science 12, no. 12 (October 19, 2020): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v12n12p27.
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BACKGROUND: To achieve improved health outcomes of HIV positive patients receiving ART services, quality laboratory services must form an essential part of the services provided. The aim of this study was to compare service quality by assessing the level of adherence to quality system essentials (QSEs) in laboratory services delivered by public and private health institutions in Southern Nigeria.
METHODS: This was an analytical cross-sectional study conducted among 50 health facilities’ laboratories in 5 Southern States (Akwa Ibom, Anambra, Cross River, Edo and Rivers) of Nigeria. Randomly selected sample of secondary health facilities’ laboratories (ten per state, and a total of 25 public and 25 private health facilities) receiving equal level of support from the same USAID/PEPFAR implementing partner and had been providing ART services to clients for a minimum of one year, were included in the study. Quarterly Internal quality audit was conducted in the ART Laboratory section of the selected health facilities spanning July 2015 to September 2016. 200 audit reports were checked, cleaned, and analyzed using SPSS version 23. We analyzed changes in mean performance scores over time across 6 quality management essentials using Repeated Measures ANOVA. Results were considered significant at P<0.05.
RESULTS: The result of the study showed that the private health facilities laboratory achieved a significantly higher improvement in Facility and Safety score over time (p=0.019) compared to public health facilities. Overall, temporal improvements were recorded in all facilities in three out of the six QSEs (document and record, p=0.045; organization and personnel, p=0.020; equipment, p<0.001) and total laboratory quality score (p=0.004). But there was no significant quarterly difference in performances on QSEs between public and private health facilities laboratories.
CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate that despite receiving the same level of external support, private hospital laboratories adhere better to the quality standards on Facility and safety than public hospital laboratories in Southern Nigeria.
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Nangih, Efeeloo, Samuel Chikwuchehia Wali, and Peggy Oluchi Anyanwu. "Accounting Policies, Management Judgements And Financial Reporting Quality Of Small And Medium Enterprises In Nigeria: A Survey." International Journal of Finance Research 2, no. 2 (September 1, 2021): 58–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.47747/ijfr.v2i2.326.
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The accounting policy adopted by an enterprise, together with the level of approximations done by the management in financial statements, could either enhance or impair their relevance and reliability, and by extension, the credibility of financial decisions made by users of such reports. This is because financial statements portray the financial position and performance of entities. This study assesses the influence of management’s choice of accounting policy and accounting approximations in financial statements on the quality of financial reports of Small and Medium Enterprises in Nigeria. The study was anchored on the Stakeholders’ theory. The study also adopted the survey design approach. Data were mainly collected through the questionnaire and was analyzed using descriptive statistics and regression techniques. Findings revealed that wrong approximations may affect the quality of financial reports, together with other factors. It was recommended that management of small and medium enterprises should adhere to the provisions of accounting standards when designing their accounting policies and in their judgements/approximations; in order to reduce material errors and enhance the quality of their financial report.
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Udiba, Udiba Ugumanim, Ekpo Eyo Antai, and Ekom Robert Akpan. "Assessment of Lead (Pb) Remediation Potential of Senna obtusifolia in Dareta Village, Zamfara, Nigeria." Journal of Health and Pollution 10, no. 25 (March 2020): 200301. http://dx.doi.org/10.5696/2156-9614-10.25.200301.
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Background. Environmental contamination by lead (Pb) and other toxic metals is of significant environmental and human health concern. Heavy metals are not readily eliminated by degradation, and thus remediation of contaminated media (soil, sediment and water/sludge) requires the outright removal or cleanup of these metals. Evaluation of the performance and cost efficiency of various remediation methods has led to the development of bioremediation as an inexpensive, innovative and environmentally friendly cleanup strategy. Objectives. The present study was designed to assess the Pb remediation potential of wild Senna obtusifolia (Sicklepod), in Dareta Village, Zamfara, Nigeria. Methods. Soil and Senna obtusifolia samples were collected from established plots and Pb content was determined using a Shimadzu atomic absorption spectrophotometer (model AA-6800, Japan) after wet digestion. Results. The mean concentrations of Pb (mg/kg) in soil, roots, stems and leaves, respectively, were 130.68±5.2, 61.33±17.86, 66.64±18.10 and 173.39±13.73 for plot 1, 287.84±6.5, 69.42±11.62, 123.4±3.67 and 294.28±4.38 for plot 2, 315.73±4.13, 68.42±10.22, 86.89±6.08 and 290.61±7.47 for plot 3, 396.86±5.48, 91.64±2.87, 150.58±2.21 and 282.53±5.69 for plot 4 and 264.23±8.02, 72.71±2.18, 124.60±2.27 and 282.40±3.79 for plot 5. Average values for the translocation factor, bioaccumulation factor and bioconcentration factor were 3.65±0.66, 1.01±0.23 and 0.29±0.10, respectively. Discussion. Soil Pb levels in the present study were found to be within the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) standards and the Dutch Intervention Values for Pb in soil. Lead content of Senna obtusifolia leaves was found to be higher than the Pb content of the stem and root, indicating relatively low restriction and the efficiency of internal transport of the toxic metal from the roots towards the aerial parts. High translocation and bioaccumulation factors indicate that the plant has vital characteristics for phytoextraction of Pb. The mean Pb concentration of Senna obtusifolia leaves was found to be far above Codex general standards and the European Union (EU) maximum levels for Pb in leafy vegetables. Conclusions. The study concludes that wild Senna obtusifolia has significant characteristics for phytoextraction of Pb and that consumption of Senna obtusifolia leaves from the study area would pose a serious risk of Pb intoxication. Competing Interests. The authors declare no competing financial interests.
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Tamunosiki-Amadi, Jasmine Okponanabofa, and Okolai, Dinanga Gladys. "SITUATIONAL AWARENESS AND EMPLOYEE COMMITMENT IN THE HEALTH SECTOR OF BAYELSA STATE." International Journal of Engineering Technologies and Management Research 6, no. 8 (March 31, 2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/ijetmr.v6.i8.2019.435.
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This study examined the relationship between situational awareness a dimension of Social Intelligence and Employee Commitment in the health sector of Bayelsa State, Nigeria. The research design adopted for this study is cross sectional survey research design. A total of 339 questionnaires were distributed out of which 313 questionnaires were retrieves of which 273 was found useable. The population of the study is made up of medical Doctors, Nurses, Laboratory Technicians, Pharmacists, Engineers and Administrative staff of the Federal Medical Centre YenagoaBayelsa State, numbering 2220. The study employed the Taro Yamen’s technique to arrive at the sample size of 339. Spearman’s Rank Order correlation coefficient was used for the bivariate analysis and partial correction was used for the multivariate analysis with the aid of SPSS 20.0. The findings revealed a highly significant level of relationship between Situational Awareness and Employee Commitment. In conclusion the study found out that situational awreness influences employee commitment and this enhances outcomes such as maintaining high performance standards and achieving high performance goals which is further enhanced by the culture of the organization. The study recommends that leadership in the health sector should apply social intelligence skills to connect with others in order to boost employees performance.
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Yusuf-Habeeb, Munirat Olafemi, and Aina Olalekan Kazeem. "Appraisal of Conflict Management as a Tool for Achieving Industrial Harmony." Nile Journal of Business and Economics 3, no. 7 (December 14, 2017): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.20321/nilejbe.v3i7.119.
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<p>This study sought to appraise the efficacy of conflict management in achieving industrial harmony in Etisalat Nig. Ltd. Conflict has been observed to take a dangerous trend in Nigeria thus the urgent need for its proper management and transformation as essential for peace and progress in the workplace. The problem of conflict in organizations has not only persistently led to low productivity in the industries but also in the disruption in the growth and development of the economy as a whole. The major concern of this study was to determine ways of sustaining harmonious industrial relations in the future thereby avoiding disruptive conflicts. The study adopted the survey research design using questionnaires to collect primary data where a total of 320 respondents were randomly selected from the population as the sample size and 300 respondents returned their questionnaires representing 97% response rate. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Hypotheses were tested through chi-square method. The findings revealed that poor conflict management has devastating effects on Industrial Harmony of Etisalat Nigeria. It was also revealed that conflict is associated to performance standard targets. To this end, it was recommended that the standards set by management be specific, measurable, achievable, realistic and should have time limit. It was also recommended that management should enhance communication with staff to address issues that can produce conflicts before they break open. And also, the management should disseminate information or give orders clearly by formally instructing employees on the use of written guidelines (e.g. memos, circular etc.) and procedures to prevent communication gap, so that staffs will have a clear understanding and correct interpretation of all information and instructions which in turn lead to industrial Harmony.</p>
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Shimawua, Dominic. "IMPACT OF INDUSTRIAL UNIONS STRIKE ON THE PERFORMANCE OF PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES IN NIGERIA." International Journal of Innovative Research in Social Sciences and Strategic Management Techniques 7, no. 1 (September 3, 2020): 247–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.48028/iiprds/ijirsssmt.v7.i1.19.
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The Nigerian University system, which is designed and packaged to be a fulcrum for national development has witnessed so much industrial unrest. Strikes of various and reasons have become a normal phenomenon in growing inconsiderate policy making relationship between the government and academia. Though it is stipulated in the constitution that strikes can be used as avenues to express public opinion which can bring positive changes, and the frequency of industrial crisis/disputes has affects the standard and products of public Universities in Nigeria despite highly improved inputs and this situation is mirrored effectively in the Nigerian economy. This paper reviews the impact of industrial unions strike on the performance of public universities in Nigeria. The study revealed that the problem of industrial relations in the Nigerian University system were found to be lack of education of some labour leaders, the rigid structure of relationships, lack of flow of communication, management and government meddling with union affairs, frequent trade disputes, under funding and inadequate teaching facilities. Political factors were also discovered as some of the causes of industrial disputes within the university system. These affect student academic performance and generally loss of productivity in economic sector of Nigeria. The study recommended that both union leaders and management representatives should from time to time embark on training to understand the workings of industrial relations.
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N., Elosiuba, J., and Prof Emma Okoye. "Effect of International Financial Reporting Standard on Corporate Performance of Selected Banks Listed on Nigeria Stock Exchange." International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development Volume-2, Issue-2 (February 28, 2018): 506–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.31142/ijtsrd9461.
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Okundamiya, Michael S., Joy O. Emagbetere, and Emmanuel A. Ogujor. "Assessment of Renewable Energy Technology and a Case of Sustainable Energy in Mobile Telecommunication Sector." Scientific World Journal 2014 (2014): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/947281.
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The rapid growth of the mobile telecommunication sectors of many emerging countries creates a number of problems such as network congestion and poor service delivery for network operators. This results primarily from the lack of a reliable and cost-effective power solution within such regions. This study presents a comprehensive review of the underlying principles of the renewable energy technology (RET) with the objective of ensuring a reliable and cost-effective energy solution for a sustainable development in the emerging world. The grid-connected hybrid renewable energy system incorporating a power conversion and battery storage unit has been proposed based on the availability, dynamism, and technoeconomic viability of energy resources within the region. The proposed system’s performance validation applied a simulation model developed in MATLAB, using a practical load data for different locations with varying climatic conditions in Nigeria. Results indicate that, apart from being environmentally friendly, the increase in the overall energy throughput of about 4 kWh/$ of the proposed system would not only improve the quality of mobile services, by making the operations of GSM base stations more reliable and cost effective, but also better the living standards of the host communities.
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Aminu, Lawal, and Shehu Usman Hassan. "ACCOUNTING CONSERVATISM AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF NIGERIAN DEPOSIT MONEY BANKS: AN ANALYSIS OF RECENT ECONOMIC RECESSION." Scholedge International Journal of Business Policy & Governance ISSN 2394-3351 4, no. 12 (April 16, 2018): 124. http://dx.doi.org/10.19085/journal.sijbpg041201.
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This study explores the relationship between Accounting conservatism and Bank performance in Nigeria. The study uses ex-post facto research design in a sample of 10 Nigerian deposit money banks (NDMBs). Secondary data for a period of 5 years (2012-2016) was used. The study model examined the relationship between the independent variables (Accounting conservatism) and the dependent variable (Bank performance), by applying the Advance panel Multiple regression analysis (Panel Corrected Standard Error).The results obtained from this research indicate that there is a significant relationship between accounting conservatism and Bank performance in Nigeria. From the result conditional accounting conservatism (C-ACC) has a positive relationship with Bank performance (ROA) while unconditional accounting conservatism (UC-ACC) is negatively related to Bank performance (ROA). The study concluded that there is a significant relationship between accounting conservatism and bank performance in Nigeria. The study suggest that Managers of NDMBs should use conditional conservatism as a means to manage information asymmetry in their financial reporting strategies. Also it is recommended that accounting standard setters and bank regulators should consider the effects of unconditional accounting conservatism on banks performance when designing rules and regulations for banks.
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IGBOJIONU, Donatus Okwudiri, Christopher Ikechi OBINECHE, and Juliet Nnennaya IGBOJIONU. "Design, Development and Evaluation of a Bucket Drip Irrigation System for Dry Season Vegetable Production in South-Eastern Nigeria." Turkish Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research 2, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 183–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.46592/turkager.2021.v02i01.014.
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In South-Eastern Nigeria, during the dry season from November to April, vegetables are always in short supply and consequently expensive. Hence, there is a need to design, develop an affordable and simple bucket drip irrigation system that can be used to grow vegetables under limited water supply conditions. Using the estimated consumptive use of the proposed crop okra and the area occupied by the crop stands, the capacity of the bucket as a source of water was computed. The bucket filled with water was placed at a head of 1 m. The water was allowed to flow through emitters located at 30 cm intervals along the lateral lines laid at the land slope of 2%. Two lengths of PVC tubes 11 m long, 1 mm thick and internal diameters 16 mm, Micro-tubes 5 cm long and internal diameter 1.2 mm, were used. The discharge from each emitter was determined through volumetric measurements. The system was then evaluated using the Christiansen’s method and the Merriam and Keller’s method and assessed using ASAE standards 1996(a) and 1996(b) performance rating. 22 sampled emitters evaluated from the lateral line showed total energy drop of 2.5 x 10-5 m, flow variation (FV) of 8%, coefficient of variation (CV) of emitter discharge of 0.02, uniformity coefficient (UC) of 97% and emission uniformity (EU) of 73%. The results show that the system is efficient and can be used by farmers to meet the demands for vegetables in the dry season.
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Lwahas, Sarah. "COVID-19 Infodemic." Glimpse 22, no. 2 (2021): 119–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/glimpse202122228.
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Journalism like many other professions is facing a crucial phase with the emergence of Coronavirus pandemic. The impact of Coronavirus phenomenon is enormous on social and cultural relationships of many communities who depend on the media for information to connect with each other and participate in governance freely. Journalists globally are facing enormous crisis of managing the infodemic of the pandemic streaming particularly from social media; as well as controversies of the media perpetuating disinfodemic or disinformation and distrust in the society. Besides arrests and restrictions of movement, journalists are also under intense threats of losing their jobs, and exacerbated psychological and physical pressures owing to the devastating effects of COVID-19. Using the Social Responsibility theory, that emphasises improved standards of journalism, safeguarding the interests of journalism and journalists among others, and the Agenda setting theory, that controls access to news, information, and entertainment; this research interrogates how journalists from selected states in Northern Nigeria are responding to the challenges of reportage of COVID-19. This research sampled the views of journalists using structured questionnaire administered online and interviewed seven senior journalists holding managerial positions. Findings revealed that journalists are embracing fact checking of the avalanche of information even within familiar sources to verify reports on COVID-19. Similarly, they are deploying digital and multimedia strategies to provide a continuum of media services and sensitive reporting to engage this new infodemic of COVID-19, now globally considered the “new normal”. This research recommends that, since COVID-19 is a novel disease, professionals across countries need to talk with each other, and journalists particularly from Africa and indeed Nigeria; need to put some structure and some science in place, especially in the performance of their jobs, so that professionalism can be sustained without compromising the future of the journalism.