Relevant bibliographies by topics / Periderma

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Periderma'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 9 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Periderma"

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Nebija, Flurim, Gjose Stefkov, Marija Karapandzova, Biljana Bauer Petrovska, and Svetlana Kulevanova. "Morphological and anatomical characteristics of the root and herb from Eryngium campestre L. (Apiaceae)." Macedonian Pharmaceutical Bulletin 52 (2006): 57–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.33320/maced.pharm.bull.2006.52.008.

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Research on the morphological and anatomical constitution of the root and herb from the plant Eryngium campestre L., Apiaceae has been done in this work. The follow elements important for the identification of drug have been defined: in leafs thick cuticle, isolateral mesophill with palisade tissue on the upper and lower region of the leaf and much reduced spongy parenchyma; characteristic arrangement of the mechanical collenchyma tissue, especially in leafs, characteristic wrinkles in the leaf cuticle. In the herb's powder the follow elements could be found: trachea fragments with specific ring wrinkles, parts from the epiderma with stomata, druses and knee-shaped mechanical hairs. In the root and the stem characteristic are secretory tubes and the presence of calcium oxalate druses in great quantity. Additionally in the root typical arrangement of tissues characteristic for the secondary root construction could be noticed, with: xylem rays in wood and in a bark, laticifers, periderma on the periphery, characteristic arrangement of the vascular bundles and great number of druses, esspecialy in the wood. In the root powder: trachea fragments with spiral thickenings, fragments of periderm and cork, parts from parenchyma of the bark with druses could been put aside.
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Inácio, Vera, Carolina Lobato, José Graça, and Leonor Morais-Cecílio. "Cork cells in cork oak periderms undergo programmed cell death and proanthocyanidin deposition." Tree Physiology 41, no. 9 (February 22, 2021): 1701–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/treephys/tpab031.

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Abstract Vascular plants with secondary growth develop a periderm mostly composed of dead suberized cork cells to face environmental hostile conditions. Cork oak has a highly active and long-living phellogen forming a remarkably thick periderm that is periodically debarked for industrial purposes. This wounding originates the quick formation of a new traumatic periderm, making cork oak an exceptional model to study the first periderm differentiation during normal development in young sprigs and traumatic (wound) periderm formation after debarking. Here, we studied the poorly known first periderm differentiation steps that involve cell wall suberization, polyphenolic accumulation and programmed cell death (PCD) by combining transmission electron microscopy, histochemical and molecular methods in periderms from young sprigs. These processes were further compared with traumatic periderms formed after wounding using molecular and histochemical techniques, such as the polyphenolic accumulation. In the first periderms from young sprigs, four distinct differentiation stages were defined according to the presence of PCD morphological features. First young and traumatic periderms showed an upregulation of genes related to suberin biosynthesis, proanthocyanidins biosynthesis and transport, autophagy, and PCD. Traumatic periderms revealed an overall upregulation of these genes, likely resulting from ontogeny differences and distinct phellogen origin associated with a faster metabolism, highlighting the impact of wounding on phellogen activity after debarking. First periderms from young sprigs showed gradual accumulation of proanthocyanidins in the vacuoles throughout PCD stages until total filled lumens, whereas in traumatic periderms, these compounds were found cell wall linked in already empty cells. This work enabled a comprehensive overview of the cork cells differentiation processes contributing to deepening the knowledge of the fundamental ontogenic program of this protective tissue, which is also a unique forest product, constituting the basis of a sustainable and profitable industry.
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O'Gara, E., K. Howard, I. J. Colquhoun, B. Dell, J. McComb, and G. St E. J. Hardy. "The development and characteristics of periderm and rhytidome in Eucalyptus marginata." Australian Journal of Botany 57, no. 3 (2009): 221. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt08225.

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To understand the pathway used by Phytophthora cinnamomi Rands to penetrate the bark of jarrah, the present study describes unwounded periderm and rhytidome development. Periderm formation is described from its initiation in 4-week-old seedlings to the formation of rhytidome in saplings. Periderm in young seedlings consists of a single type of phellem, namely thin-walled suberised cells. In older seedlings where multiple layers of periderm have formed, layers of thick-walled lignified phellem cells in compacted bands alternate with thin-walled suberised cells. Rhytidome formation in older lignotuberous seedlings and in sapling jarrah occurs through the isolation of secondary phloem by periderm. The rhytidome consists of expanded and partially disintegrated secondary phloem tissue sandwiched between layers of phellem cells. Localised periderm formation beneath stomata results in the formation of lenticels, which are ephemeral features. Superficial periderms occur at sites of leaf and shoot abscission, and of lateral shoot emergence. Concealed axillary shoots lack cuticle on emergence. As the trees age, the internal production of lignified and suberised periderm and rhytidome results in an impenetrable barrier to invasion by P. cinnamomi. However, external sites including lenticels and leaf and shoot abscission and emergence areas, all provide points of ingress in unwounded stems.
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Bates, Rick M., and Alexander X. Niemiera. "A Comparison of Morphological Features Affecting Water Loss in Norway Maple and Washington Hawthorn Stems." Journal of Environmental Horticulture 14, no. 2 (June 1, 1996): 71–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.24266/0738-2898-14.2.71.

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Abstract Crataegus phaenopyrum (Washington hawthorn) stems are known to be more sensitive to water stress during cold storage than Acer platanoides (Norway maple). Histological examination revealed that maple stems had a highly suberized periderm, and uniform cuticle with few disruptions. Periderm suberization of hawthorn stems was variable and extensive peridermal cracking was evident. Cuticle wax decreased with increasing distance from the stem apex for both species. No differences in lenticellar characteristics were found between species. Results indicated that hawthorn stems had anatomical features that allowed for more water loss than maple stems, which may provide a possible explanation for differences in maple and hawthorn stem water loss rates.
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Kitamura, Kunio, Mariko Sezaki, and Masako Yanazawa. "Analysis of Embryonic Chick Periderm by Monoclonal Antibody Specific against Periderm1. (periderm/ectoderm/monoclonal antibody/cytokeratin/chick embryo)." Development, Growth and Differentiation 32, no. 2 (April 1990): 157–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-169x.1990.00157.x.

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Antonio Alonso, Alexandre, and Silvia Rodrigues Machado. "Stem Protective Tissue in Erythroxylum Tortuosum (Erythroxylaceae), A Fire Tolerant Species from Cerrado." IAWA Journal 29, no. 1 (2008): 69–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22941932-90000171.

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The origin and structure are described of the secondary protective tissue in the stem of Erythorxylum tortuosum Mart., a fire tolerant shrubby species common in Brazilian cerrado. The highly tortuous stems are covered with thick bark which is more developed at the base of the stem. After fire in the cerrado, rhytidome fragments of the burned stem flake off, revealing newly formed cork. The first periderm appears near of the terminal buds and is iniated by periclinal divisions in subepidermal cells giving rise to radial rows of cells. The first phellogen is discernible only after the differentiation of the several radial rows of cork cells. Other phellogens have their origin in successively deeper layers of the cortex. The sucessive periderms are discontinuous around the circumference. The collapsed cells with phenolic substances and the accumulated dead cells cause the formation of discontinuous blackish lines, which delimit the sucessive periderms in the rhytidome. The rhytidome contains large quantities of sclereids developed from cell wall thickening of cortex cells. The occurrence of periderm in the young parts of the stem and of rhytidome in the older parts represents pyrophytic characteristics and may explain, in part, the fire tolerance of this species.
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Decombeix, Anne-Laure, Edith L. Taylor, and Thomas N. Taylor. "BARK ANATOMY OF LATE PERMIAN GLOSSOPTERID TREES FROM ANTARCTICA." IAWA Journal 37, no. 3 (September 7, 2016): 444–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22941932-20160146.

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The Glossopteridales are an extinct group of seed plants that dominated Gondwanan floras during the Permian. Their remains are found across a wide range of habitats and paleolatitudes, and it is particularly interesting to understand the anatomical characteristics that might have enabled such an extensive distribution. Here, we document for the first time the bark anatomy of high-latitude glossopteridalean trees using peels and thin sections made from a Late Permian trunk from Skaar Ridge, Antarctica. The bark is 3 cm thick. The secondary phloem is composed of sieve cells, axial and ray parenchyma, and fibers arranged in discontinuous unicellular tangential layers. The outer bark is a rhytidome, with numerous alternating layers of periderm and non-conducting secondary phloem showing some proliferation of the axial parenchyma. Successive periderms mostly run parallel to the cambium, with some longitudinal undulation and rare connections between two periderms. A similar anatomy was observed in bark fragments found isolated in the matrix or closely associated with large glossopterid stems or roots. The anatomy of the Skaar Ridge specimens shows that Antarctic Glossopteridales had a relatively thick, probably stringy bark. The retention of a significant amount of insulating dead bark tissue on the trunk likely provided protection of the cambium, conducting secondary phloem, and potential latent buds against biotic and abiotic environmental hazards (fire, frost, scalding, insects, etc.) and may have contributed to the extensive paleolatitudinal distribution of the Glossopteridales during the Permian.
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Heneen, W. K., M. Gustafsson, K. Brismar, and G. Karlsson. "Interactions between Norway spruce (Picea abies) and Heterobasidion annosum. II. Infection of woody roots." Canadian Journal of Botany 72, no. 6 (June 1, 1994): 884–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b94-113.

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Woody roots, 2 – 4 mm in diameter, of Norway spruce (Picea abies) were inoculated with an S strain of Heterobasidion annosum. After 8 – 20 days the roots were prepared for examination by light microscopy as well as transmission and scanning electron microscopy. The roots had one or several periderms and sometimes remnant cortex cells on the surface. The fungal infection was restricted to the remnant cortex cells and the rhytidome after an incubation period of 20 days. Accumulation of granular materials, most likely phenolic in nature, prevailed in the infected periderm cells. Fungal hyphae enclosed in these materials showed signs of degeneration. Based on these results, we conclude that the rhytidome acts as a successful barrier to infection of the inner parts of the root for at least 20 days following inoculation with H. annosum. Both structural and chemical defence mechanisms are involved. Key words: Norway spruce, Heterobasidion annosum, root infection, woody roots, microscopy.
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Serra, Olga, Marçal Soler, Carolin Hohn, Rochus Franke, Lukas Schreiber, Salomé Prat, Marisa Molinas, and Mercè Figueras. "Silencing of StKCS6 in potato periderm leads to reduced chain lengths of suberin and wax compounds and increased peridermal transpiration." Journal of Experimental Botany 60, no. 2 (December 26, 2008): 697–707. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jxb/ern314.

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Schreiber, Lukas, Rochus Franke, and Klaus Hartmann. "Wax and suberin development of native and wound periderm of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) and its relation to peridermal transpiration." Planta 220, no. 4 (September 17, 2004): 520–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00425-004-1364-9.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Periderma"

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Fernández, Piñán Sandra. "Identificació de gens i processos rellevants pel fel·lema i la suberina usant noves aproximacions." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/667085.

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The periderm is a complex structure that protects plants’ secondary organs and wounded tissues. This function is given by the phellem, a multilayered tissue formed by cells with suberized cell walls located on the outer part of the periderm. Suberin is a basic polymer for protection thanks to its lipid nature. Exceptionally, the cork oak has a great capacity to produce layers of phellem. Recently, transcriptomics studies, as well as reverse genetic approaches, have contributed to the knowledge of the formation and regulation of the periderm and the synthesis and transport of the suberin components. However, the molecular bases that control these processes are still quite unknown. For this reason, new regulatory and transport candidate genes have been characterized. In addition, a faster and less expensive roots transformation system has been developed. Finally, a global transcriptome analysis of the outer bark of cork oak during its growth has been performed
El periderma és una estructura complexa que protegeix els òrgans secundaris i els teixits cicatricials. Aquesta funció la dóna el fel·lema,teixit pluriestratificat format per cèl·lules amb parets suberificades situat a la part externa del periderma. La suberina és un polímer bàsic per la protecció gràcies a la seva naturalesa lipídica. De forma excepcional l’alzina surera té una gran capacitat per produir capes de fel·lema. En els últims anys, estudis transcriptòmics, així com de genètica inversa, han contribuït al coneixement de la formació i regulació del periderma i la síntesi i transport de la suberina. No obstant, les bases moleculars que controlen aquests processos són encara força desconegudes. Per aquest motiu s'han caracteritzat nous gens candidats reguladors i de transport. A més, s'ha posat a punt un sistema de transformació d'arrels més ràpid i menys costós. Per últim, s'ha realitzat un anàlisi global del transcriptoma de l'excorça externa de l'alzina surera durant el seu creixement
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Boher, Genís Pau. "Functional genomics of the periderm: the biosynthetic gene FHT, the transcriptional regulator StRiK and the transcriptome deciphering." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/403400.

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We have developed new molecular tools to characterize the FHT and StRIK genes in the tuber periderm. Regarding FHT gene, our results demonstrated that is induced very specifically in suberizing tissues what makes FHT a good marker of the suberization process. Regarding StRIK gene, it has been shown to be a good candidate for the periderm regulation since its silencing causes changes in genes expression related to the transposition of DNA, RNA processing and stress. Finally, by RNA-seq we have identified a wide range of new candidate genes for the formation of the cork oak periderm. Among these genes several are related to the formation of the cell wall, cell primary metabolism and suberin accumulation. Other relevant genes are those involved in the regulation of meristem such as auxin transporters and the ethylene metabolism and signaling. The expression patterns of some genes have been studied during the cork growing season.
Hem desenvolupat noves eines moleculars per a la caracterització dels gens FHT i StRIK en el peridermis del tubercle. Els nostres resultats mostren que FHT s’indueix de forma molt específica en teixits suberificats el que el fa un bon marcador del procés de suberificació. En relació al gen StRIK, hem vist que es un bon candidat a la regulació de la peridermis ja que el seu silenciament provoca canvis d’expressió en gens relacionats amb la transposició de l’ADN, el processament de l’RNA i l’estrès. Mitjançant RNA-seq hem identificat nous gens candidats per la formació de la peridermis en l’alzina surera, entre ells destaquen gens relacionats amb la formació de la paret cel·lular, el metabolisme primari i l’acumulació de suberina. També destaquen gens relacionats amb la regulació del meristema com ara els transportadors d’auxines i el metabolisme i senyalització per etilè. L’expressió d’alguns gens s’ha analitzat durant la formació del suro.
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Verdaguer, i. Serrat Roger. "Estudi de la funció del factor de transcripció StNAC103 en el fel·lema." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/668781.

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The results obtained in this thesis indicate that StNAC103 promoter activity is induced in tissues undergoing suberin synthesis. Moreover StNAC103 transcript accumulation is concomitant to that of CYP86A33 and takes place after that of FHT. Nonetheless, an increase of the suberin and wax accumulation in the silenced periderms for StNAC103 suggests its role as a repressor in suberin and wax accumulation. Altogether these studies support the hypothesis that there exists a very fine regulation of the suberin and wax synthesis in the periderm, in which StNAC103 plays an important role.
Els resultats obtinguts en aquesta tesi indiquen que l’activitat del promotor d’StNAC103 s’indueix en teixits on és activa la síntesi de suberina i l’acumulació del transcrit corresponent es dóna concomitantment a la de l'ω-hidroxilasa d’acids grassos CYP86A33 i s’inicia posteriorment a la de la feruloïl transferasa d’ω-hidroxiacids i alcohols FHT. Tanmateix, l’augment en l’acumulació de suberina i ceres en els peridermes silenciats per StNAC103 suggereix un paper repressor d’aquest factor de transcripció. Tot plegat fa pensar que hi ha d’haver una regulació molt fina de la síntesi de suberina i ceres en el periderma i que StNAC103 hi té un paper destacat.
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Nascimento, Marcela Blagitz Ferraz do. "Anatomia caulinar de Zanthoxylum rhoifolium Lam. (Rutaceae) e Moquiniastrum polymorphum (Less.) G. Sancho (Asteraceae) que ocorrem em Cerrado e Mata Atlântica." Botucatu, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/148945.

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Orientador: Carmen Regina Marcati
Resumo: Avaliar a estrutura anatômica de plantas que crescem em diferentes ambientes é uma maneira de compreender como as plantas se adaptam às variações destes ambientes. Algumas destas adaptações influenciam no transporte de água e de fotoassimilados, na proteção dos tecidos internos, na força mecânica e na capacidade de armazenamento dos tecidos, que são funções associadas ao caule das plantas. Assim, neste trabalho, avaliamos a estrutura caulinar de duas espécies, Moquiniastrum polymorphum e Zanthoxylum rhoifolium que ocorrem simultaneamente em diferentes tipos vegetacionais: o cerrado sensu stricto, o cerradão, a floresta estacional semidecídua e a floresta ombrófila densa. Os três primeiros tipos vegetacionais têm um período de seca durante o ano, enquanto que na floresta ombrófila densa o regime pluviométrico é relativamente constante ao longo do ano. Os solos de cada local apresentam diferentes propriedades físicas e químicas e no cerrado sensu stricto o fogo é um fator ambiental que pode ocorrer naturalmente. Estes fatores podem influenciar a estrutura anatômica dos tecidos vegetais. Para a descrição anatômica coletamos amostras do caule (a 1,30 m do solo) contendo xilema secundário e casca, pelo método não destrutivo, de cinco indivíduos de cada tipo vegetacional, que foram processadas conforme técnicas usuais em anatomia da madeira. Para verificar as diferenças entre os tipos vegetacionais, nós comparamos as características anatômicas por meio de uma análise de variância. ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
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Fowler, Tiffany B. Rushing Ann E. "Early periderm development in the shoots of Ulmus alata michx." Waco, Tex. : Baylor University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2104/4899.

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Wunderling, Anna [Verfasser], and Laura [Akademischer Betreuer] Ragni. "Molecular networks of periderm development in Arabidopsis / Anna Wunderling ; Betreuer: Laura Ragni." Tübingen : Universitätsbibliothek Tübingen, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1199929689/34.

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Neubauer, Jonathan David. "Gene Expression Associated with Wound and Native Periderm Maturation in Potato Tubers." Thesis, North Dakota State University, 2011. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/29771.

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Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is the world's fourth largest food crop and large financial losses are incurred each year from wound and bruise related injuries. However, little is known about the coordinate induction of genes that may be associated with, or mark major wound-healing and periderm maturation events. Also, one of the key defense mechanisms for potato tubers is the robust barrier provided by the phellem (skin) of the native periderm. Many biological processes are involved in the formation of this stout tissue. However, little is known about induction of genes that may be associated with this process. The objectives of this research were to molecularly assess the processes of wound periderm development and maturation, and native periderm maturation in potato tubers. In this study, these processes were determined in coordination with expression profiles of selected genes. The cell cycle, cell wall protein, and pectin methyl esterase genes were determined from two diverse potato genotypes and two harvests NDTX4271-5R (ND) and Russet Burbank (RB) tubers; 2008 and 2009 harvests. Cell cycle genes encoding epidermal growth factor binding protein (StEBP), cyclin-dependent kinase B (StCDKB), and cyclin-dependent kinase regulatory subunit (StCKS1At) expression profiles were coordinated with related phellogen formation and the induction and cessation of phellem cell formation. Genes encoding the structural cell wall proteins extensin (StExt1) and extensin-like (StExtlk) expression profiles suggested involvement with closing layer formation and subsequent phellem cell layer formations. The coordinate induction and expression profile of StTLRP, a gene encoding a cell wall strengthening "tyrosine- and lysine-rich protein," suggested a role in the formation of the closing layer followed by phellem cell generation and lastly cell wall thickening in nonmeristematic phellogen cells. StPME and StPrePME expression increased during periderm development, implicating involvement in modifications for closing layer and phellem cell formation. Collectively, these results indicate that the genes monitored were involved in and their expression profiles markedly coordinated with periderm formation and the on-set of periderm maturation; results were more influenced by harvest than genotype. Importantly, StTLRP was the only gene examined that may be involved in phellogen cell wall strengthening or thickening after cessation of cell division.
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Serra, i. Figueras Olga. "Functional Genetics of Suberin: The Role of CYP86A33 and StKCS6 in potato tuber periderm." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/7634.

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La caracterització funcional de dos gens en la peridermis, la ω hidroxilasa d'àcids grassos CYP86A33 -candidata per la funcionalització del carboni ω-terminal dels monòmers alifàtics de la suberina- i la ketoacyl-CoA sintasa StKCS6 -candidata per elongar àcids grassos o derivats llargs de suberina i ceres- es realitza per silenciament per RNA d'interferència en patata.
La deficiència de CYP86A33 comporta una gran reducció dels monòmers principals de la suberina, l'àcid gras ω-hidroxilat i l'α,ω-diàcid C18:1, juntament amb una reducció total de la quantitat de suberina del 60%. Aquesta deficiència altera l'estructura lamel·lar típica de la suberina, així com també la funció barrera de la peridermis.
La deficiència en StKCS6 comporta que els monòmers de la suberina de 28 carbonis o més llargs es redueixin i que els de 26 carbonis o més curts s'incrementin. Aquesta deficiència suggereix que la llargada dels compostos alifàtics pot contribuir a les propietats impermeabilitzants de la peridermis.
The functional characterization of two genes in the periderm, the ω-hydroxylase CYP86A33 -candidate for the functionalization of the ω-terminal carbon of suberin aliphatic compounds- and the putative ketoacyl-CoA synthase StKCS6 -candidate for the elongation of VLCFA and derivatives of suberin and waxes of periderm- is performed by RNA interference-mediated silencing in potato
The CYP86A33 deficiency leads to a great reduction of the main suberin monomers, the C18:1 ω-hydroxyacid and α,ω-diacid, together with an overall decrease of the suberin total amount by 60%. The deficiency in these ω-oxidized fatty acids alters the typical suberin lamellar structure as well as the periderm water barrier function.
StKCS6 deficiency leads to a decrease of suberin and wax compounds with chain-length C28 and higher and an increase of those with chain-length C26 and lower. This deficiency suggests that the aliphatics chain-length can contribute to the sealing properties of periderm.
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Vergílio, Paula Cristina Benetton. "Relações entre estrutura, química e densidade da casca com sua função em caules e raízes de espécies do cerrado paulista." Botucatu, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/181310.

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Orientador: Carmen Regina Marcati
Resumo: A casca é um sistema biológico complexo que desempenha diversas funções na planta, incluindo condução de fotoassimilados, suporte mecânico, armazenamento de substâncias e proteção contra herbívoros, patógenos e intempéries como o fogo. A casca é composta, principalmente, pelo floema secundário e pela periderme, e reveste tanto caules quanto raízes. O caule está exposto à atmosfera e tem funções de elevação e suporte da planta, enquanto a raiz está exposta ao solo e tem funções de fixar a planta ao solo, armazenar substâncias e absorver e conduzir água e nutrientes. Contudo, pouco se sabe se as diferentes funções de caules e raízes indicam diferentes funções na casca de cada órgão. Neste trabalho, comparamos a casca de caules e raízes de 15 espécies representativas do cerrado paulista e testamos se a casca do caule apresentaria funções de suporte e proteção, enquanto a casca da raiz apresentaria função de armazenamento de substâncias. Também testamos se encontraríamos maior eficiência na condução de fotoassimilados na casca da raiz. Para tanto, selecionamos 15 espécies de árvores e arbustos do cerrado sensu stricto e amostramos a casca do caule e da raiz. Analisamos a estrutura (espessura e anatomia), a densidade e a química (água, açúcares solúveis, amido, nitrogênio, fósforo e carbono) e relacionamos com as funções da casca em cada órgão. Na casca do caule, encontramos maior espessura da periderme, devido ao felema mais largo com células maiores e mais espessas, e menor dens... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Bark is a complex biological system that performs multiple functions in plant, including photoassimilates conduction, mechanical support, storage and protection against herbivores, pathogens and fire. Bark comprises mainly the secondary phloem and the periderm, and covers both trunks and roots. The trunk is exposed to the atmosphere and has the main functions of plant elevation and plant support, whereas the root is exposed to the ground and has the main functions of fix the plant to the ground, store substances, provide water and nutrients to the plant. However, remain unclear whether the different functions of trunk s and roots indicate different functions in the bark of each organ. In this work, we compared the bark of trunk and roots of species in the cerrado of São Paulo, tested whether the trunk bark presents both support and protection functions, whereas the root bark presents storage function. We also tested whether we would find higher efficiency of photoassimilates conduction in the root bark. For this purpose, we selected 15 representative species of trees and shrubs in the cerrado sensu stricto and sample both trunk and root barks. We analyzed the structure (thickness and anatomy), density and chemistry (water, soluble sugars, starch, nitrogen, phosphorus and carbon) and associated to the bark functions in each organ. In the trunk bark, we found thicker periderm, due to thicker phellem with larger cell and thicker wall cells, and lower periderm density, suggesting... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Duncan, Kaylia Mekelda. "The structure of the zebrafish periderm gene regulatory network and its relevance to orofacial clefting." Diss., University of Iowa, 2019. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/6940.

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Non-syndromic orofacial clefting (nsOFC) is among the most common congenital birth defects occurring up to 1 in 800 live births, with genetic and environmental causes. Genome wide association studies (GWAS) have identified several genetic loci that confer risk for nsOFC. However, more than half the heritable risk for nsOFC remains unknown and is considered ‘missing’. Moreover, continued sequencing of nsOFC patient DNA by whole exome sequencing and whole exome sequencing identify hundreds of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs). The identification of causal SNPs, however, continues to be a challenge in the OFC community. This is fueled partly by a lack of understanding of: (i) molecular mechanism and, (i) the gene regulatory network (GRN) governing differentiation of the relevant tissue, the embryonic superficial epithelia, also known as the periderm. Research has demonstrated that aberrant differentiation of the periderm, particularly the oral periderm results in pathological adhesions of surfaces within the developing oral cavity resulting in OFC. Further these adhesions can extend to the limbs which is a hallmarks feature in some forms of syndromic OFC (sOFC). In zebrafish, our model system of choice, knock-out of interferon regulatory factor 6 (irf6) ablated periderm marker expression and subsequently induces early embryonic lethality. The ortholog of IRF6 is a major genetic locus of Van der Woude syndrome (VWS) the most common form of sOFC and variants of IRF6 elevate risk for nsOFC. Therefore, we hypothesize that GRN of zebrafish periderm differentiation under the control of irf6 is a tool that can be used to identify novel OFC loci. Supporting this view, we have recently demonstrated that knock-down of an irf6 dependent gene encoding transcription factor Grainy-head like 3 (Grhl3) results in aberrant zebrafish periderm differentiation and GRHL3 was recently discovered as a novel VWS genetic locus. Hence it is likely that orthologs of genes encoding additional members of the periderm GRN harbor mutations in OFC patients. To identify cis–regulatory and transcriptional components in the periderm GRN, we performed: (i) a screen for periderm enhancers through in vivo green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporter assays, and, (ii) irf6 RNA-seq, followed by irf6 ChIP-seq to identify direct targets. From our screen for cis-regulatory elements we have identified a candidate human ZNF750 enhancer that directs GFP reporter expression in the zebrafish periderm. From our screen for irf6 direct targets we have identified several transcription factors including klf17, tfap2a and grhl3, all of which have variants in the human orthologs found in OFC patients. We further resolve the structure of the periderm differentiation GRN in zebrafish by assessing loss of function profiles for klf17, tfap2a and grhl3. Additionally, among the irf6 direct targets is a gene encoding another transcription factor, Zinc finger protein 750 (Znf750). We provide evidence to show that znf750 is expressed weakly in the zebrafish periderm. Further, we sequenced DNA in 500 nsOFC patient samples and identify a novel missense Ser160Pro ZNF750 variant which phenocopies the early embryonic lethality observed in irf6 mutants. Therefore, investigation of the zebrafish periderm GRN structure has facilitated the identification of OFC-associated risk loci.
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Books on the topic "Periderma"

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Hoffknecht, Andreas. Mikropetrographische, organisch-geochemische, mikrothermometrische und mineralogische Untersuchungen zur Bestimmung der organischen Reife von Graptolithen-Periderm. Göttingen: Selbstverlag der Geologischen Institute der Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, 1991.

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Book chapters on the topic "Periderma"

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Crang, Richard, Sheila Lyons-Sobaski, and Robert Wise. "Periderm." In Plant Anatomy, 553–75. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-77315-5_16.

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Romberger, John A., Zygmunt Hejnowicz, and Jane F. Hill. "Periderm." In Plant Structure: Function and Development, 437–58. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-01662-6_21.

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Bates, Denis, and Nancy Kirk. "The Fine Structure of Graptolite Periderm." In Biology of Invertebrate and Lower Vertebrate Collagens, 389–96. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-7636-1_34.

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"Periderm." In Esau's Plant Anatomy, 427–45. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/0470047380.ch15.

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"Kapitel 15 Das Periderm." In Esaus Pflanzenanatomie. Berlin, New York: Walter de Gruyter, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110211320.391.

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"15 Das Periderm – Isolierung und Fraßschutz." In Mikroskopisch-botanisches Praktikum, edited by Gerhard Wanner. Stuttgart: Georg Thieme Verlag, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/b-0034-42372.

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"15 Das Periderm – Isolierung und Fraßschutz." In Mikroskopisch-botanisches Praktikum, edited by Gerhard Wanner. Stuttgart: Enke Verlag, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/b-0037-147402.

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"Periderm, rhytidome, and the nature of bark." In An Introduction to Plant Structure and Development, 240–47. Cambridge University Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9781139165365.014.

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Conference papers on the topic "Periderma"

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Agunsoye, J., S. Hassan, S. Bello, M. Haris, J. Agboola, and J. Adebisi. "Synthesis of Silicon Nanoparticles from Cassava Periderm by Reduction Method." In MS&T18. MS&T18, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.7449/2018mst/2018/mst_2018_701_709.

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Agunsoye, J., S. Hassan, S. Bello, M. Haris, J. Agboola, and J. Adebisi. "Synthesis of Silicon Nanoparticles from Cassava Periderm by Reduction Method." In MS&T18. MS&T18, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.7449/2018/mst_2018_701_709.

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