Academic literature on the topic 'Period costs'

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Journal articles on the topic "Period costs"

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Beggs, Alan, and Paul Klemperer. "Multi-Period Competition with Switching Costs." Econometrica 60, no. 3 (1992): 651. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2951587.

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김승용 and 마승수. "A Comparison of the behavior of Product Costs and Period Costs." Korea International Accounting Review ll, no. 53 (2014): 128–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.21073/kiar.2014..53.007.

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Howe, Keith M., and Paul L. Gronewoller. "Issue Costs in Fisher's Two-Period Model." Financial Review 25, no. 2 (1990): 335–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6288.1990.tb00800.x.

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Trzebiński, Artur A. "Mutual Funds’ Cost Persistence." Financial Internet Quarterly 18, no. 2 (2022): 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/fiqf-2022-0009.

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Abstract The research aimed to check whether investment fund managers maintain costs similarly from period to period. The research verified the hypothesis that managers maintain costs in the subsequent periods at a similar level. The study used a method based on contingency tables which are used to analyse the persistence of performance. In this study, we replaced performance with costs, assuming that managers also control these values. Costs were defined as: (1) total costs, (2) total costs minus management fees and (3) active management costs (expressed as the active expense ratio). Based on
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Pechen, V. "The cost structure of products of woodworking enterprises." Bulletin of Science and Practice 270, no. 9(10) (2016): 103–7. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.154306.

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The article discusses the cost structure for the production woodworking enterprise, the analysis of the main changes in the structure of these costs during the study period, shows the factors influencing changes in the cost of production. Also noted the key areas for the reduction of production costs.
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Saracoglu, Rusdu, and Ahmet I. Soylemezoglu. "OPTIMUM MULTI-PERIOD PORTFOLIO STRATEGIES WITH ADJUSTMENT COSTS." Financial Review 20, no. 3 (1985): 104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6288.1985.tb00282.x.

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Simcock, Mathew, Pedram Sendi, Bruno Ledergerber, et al. "A Longitudinal Analysis of Healthcare Costs after Treatment Optimization following Genotypic Antiretroviral Resistance Testing: Does Resistance Testing pay off?" Antiviral Therapy 11, no. 3 (2005): 305–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/135965350601100305.

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Objective To assess the impact of antiretroviral therapy optimized by genotypic antiretroviral resistance testing (GRT) on healthcare costs over a 2-year period in patients after antiretroviral treatment failure. Study design Non-randomized, prospective, tertiary care, clinic-based study. Patients One-hundred and forty-two HIV patients enrolled in the ‘ZIEL’ study and the Swiss HIV Cohort Study who experienced virological treatment failure. Methods For all patients GRT was used to optimize the antiretroviral treatment regimen. All healthcare costs during 2 years following GRT were assessed usi
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Edoka, Ijeoma P., Stavros Petrou, and Paul G. Ramchandani. "Healthcare costs of paternal depression in the postnatal period." Journal of Affective Disorders 133, no. 1-2 (2011): 356–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2011.04.005.

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Kim, Sang Hyo, Se Jun Park, Dong Ho Lee, and Jin Hee Ahn. "User Costs Evaluation due to the Bridge Reconstruction Period." Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection 15, no. 1 (2011): 148–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.11112/jksmi.2011.15.1.148.

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Lee, Gabriel S. "Housing Investment Dynamics, Period of Production, and Adjustment Costs." Journal of Housing Economics 8, no. 1 (1999): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jhec.1999.0239.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Period costs"

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Lim, Jeffrey Cheong Kee. "Multi-period mean-variance option portfolio strategies." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.337901.

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Ronkainen, J. (Johanna). "Costs in today's radiology:aBC analysis of typical situations in the transitional period." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2007. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514284816.

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Abstract The purpose of this study was to analyze the costs incurred during the transitional period when a radiology department is gradually digitalized and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is gaining ground as guidance for interventions. The specific aims were: to compare the costs of computed (CR) radiography with the costs of conventional radiography, to analyze the cost structures of procedures and the effects of procedure volumes in a multipurpose interventional MRI (IMRI) unit, to compare the costs of MRI and computed tomography (CT)-guided bone biopsies, and to compare the costs of MRI-
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Jiang, Tian. "Optimization problem in single period markets." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2013. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/5650.

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There had been a number of researches that investigated on the security market without transaction costs. The focus of this research is in the area that when the security market with transaction costs is fair and in such fair market how one chooses a suitable portfolio to optimize the financial goal. The research approach adopted in this thesis includes linear algebra and elementary probability. The thesis provides evidence that we can maximize expected utility function to achieve our goal (maximize expected return under certain risk tolerance). The main conclusions drawn from this study
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Yassir, Jedra. "Multi-period portfolio optimization given a priori information on signal dynamics and transactions costs." Thesis, KTH, Optimeringslära och systemteori, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-227264.

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Multi-period portfolio optimization (MPO) has gained a lot of interest in modern portfolio theory due to its consideration for inter-temporal trading e effects, especially market impacts and transactions costs, and for its subtle reliability on return predictability. However, because of the heavy computational demand, portfolio policies based on this approach have been sparsely explored. In that regard, a tractable MPO framework proposed by N. Gârleanu & L. H. Pedersen has been investigated. Using the stochastic control framework, the authors provided a closed form expression of the optima
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Rahman, Anisur. "Modelling and analysis of reliability and costs for lifetime warranty and service contract policies." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2007. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/16460/1/Anisur_Rahman_Thesis.pdf.

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Reliability of products is becoming increasingly important due to rapid technological development and tough competition in the product market. One effective way to ensure reliability of sold product/asset is to consider after sales services linked to warranty and service contract. One of the major decision variables in designing a warranty is the warranty period. A longer warranty term signals better reliability and provides higher customer/user peace of mind. The warranty period offered by the manufacturer/dealer has been progressively increasing since the beginning of the 20th Century. Curre
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Rahman, Anisur. "Modelling and analysis of reliability and costs for lifetime warranty and service contract policies." Queensland University of Technology, 2007. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16460/.

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Reliability of products is becoming increasingly important due to rapid technological development and tough competition in the product market. One effective way to ensure reliability of sold product/asset is to consider after sales services linked to warranty and service contract. One of the major decision variables in designing a warranty is the warranty period. A longer warranty term signals better reliability and provides higher customer/user peace of mind. The warranty period offered by the manufacturer/dealer has been progressively increasing since the beginning of the 20th Century. Curre
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Gregoriou, Andros. "The impact of transactions costs in the UK stock market : evidence and implications." Thesis, Brunel University, 2003. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/5243.

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There has been an increasing interest in the finance literature regarding the impact of transactions costs on US equity markets. The US empirical evidence indicates that transactions costs influence both trading volume (Atkins and Dyl (1997)) and asset returns (Amihud and Mendelson (1986)). Additionally, the theoretical finance literature also indicates that transactions costs affect equilibrium asset returns (Fisher (1994)). In this thesis we assess the impact of transactions costs on the UK equity markets, from four aspects. Firstly, we provide empirical support to the hypothesis that transa
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Malkin, Jesse D. "The postpartum mandate estimated costs and benefits /." Santa Monica, CA : Rand, 1998. http://books.google.com/books?id=Uw_bAAAAMAAJ.

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Lind, Kristoffer, and Daniel Gleimar. "Optimering av produktionsflöden för ett byggnadsprojekt." Thesis, KTH, Byggvetenskap, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-174366.

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I produktionen för ett byggnadsprojekt krävs ett optimalt produktionsflöde för att uppnå bästa ekonomiska och kvalitetsmässiga resultat. Dock uppstår problem i produktionen som leder till ett försämrat produktionsflöde som resulterar i kostnadsökningar och en förlängd byggtid. Målet med detta arbete var att identifiera de problem som uppstår i produktionen för att sedan utvärdera och analysera möjliga åtgärdsförslag på dessa problem. Arbetet har genomförts på uppdrag av företaget X där undersökningar har utförts vid deras projekt Y, som också ligger till grund för resultatet.  Genom insamlad i
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Aiu, Eugene K. "A search for factors causing training costs to rise by examining the U.S. Navy's AT, AW, and AX ratings during their first enlistment period." Thesis, Monterey, California: U.S. Naval Postgraduate School, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/22088.

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Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited<br>Training costs have increased in the U.S. Navy. This study examines accession data to determine if the following events caused training costs to rise; length of basic training, attrition, and amount of specialized training. The examination of these issues is restricted to three enlisted ratings, AT, AW, and AX. The time frame encompasses year group's 77 through 84. On the basis of this limited study, there is no reason to associate these three variables with increased costs.
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Books on the topic "Period costs"

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Beggs, Alan. Multi-period competition with switching costs. Centre for Economic Policy Research, 1990.

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Raskin-Levine, Lynn. A study of claims costs during the 1980-1988 period. Peat Marwick Stevenson & Kellogg, 1990.

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United States. Advisory Council on Social Security (1989-1991). State governments : the effects of health care program expansion in a period of fiscal stress: A report of. the Council, 1991.

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Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development., OECD Nuclear Energy Agency, and International Energy Agency, eds. Projected costs of generating electricity from power stations for commissioning in the period 1995-2000. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 1989.

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Manzoor, Khaleda. Cost effectiveness study of a district for the family planning component of the population welfare programme: Period of study, 1991-92. National Institute of Population Studies, 1994.

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Kirsch, F. William. Energy conserved and costs saved by small and medium-size manufacturers: 1986-87 EADC Program period. University City Science Center, 1989.

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Kirsch, F. William. Energy conserved and costs saved by small and medium-size manufacturers: 1985-86 EADC Program period. University City Science Center, 1988.

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Kirsch, F. W. Energy conserved and costs saved by small and medium size manufacturers: 1983-84 EADC Program period. University City Science Center, 1986.

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Kamara, Kasala. Foreign direct investment in Trinidad and Tobago during the period of the 1990s: Trends, benefits, costs & prospects. K. Kamara, 1998.

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United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., ed. Manufacturing and cost considerations in multidisciplinary aircraft design: (research on mathematical modeling of manufacturability factors) : NASA grant NAG-1-1716, grant report, period of performance: May 1995 - October 1996. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1996.

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Book chapters on the topic "Period costs"

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Naimzada, Ahmad, and Marina Pireddu. "Eductive Stability, Heterogeneous Information Costs and Period-Two Cycle Multiplicity." In Games and Dynamics in Economics. Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-3623-6_7.

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Hasuike, Takashi, and Hiroaki Ishii. "Single-Period Inventory Models with Fuzzy Shortage Costs Dependent on Random Demands." In Advances in Intelligent and Soft Computing. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-11960-6_19.

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Radulescu, Marius, and Constanta Zoie Radulescu. "A Multi-objective Approach to Multi-period: Portfolio Optimization with Transaction Costs." In Multiple Criteria Decision Making. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-68876-3_4.

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Pyżalski, Jacek, and Natalia Walter. "Mental Health and Well-being During Covid-19 Forced Distance Learning Period: Good and Bad News from Polish Studies." In The Unequal Costs of Covid-19 on Well-being in Europe. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-14425-7_7.

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Neronov, Serhii, Ganna Pliekhova, Oleg Fedorovych, Svitlana Kashkevych, and Maryna Kostikova. "Modeling of transport logistics during the period of special legal regime." In STRATEGIC-ORIENTED MANAGEMENT OF THE TRANSPORT INDUSTRY: LOGISTICS APPROACHES, INNOVATIVE SOLUTIONS AND MANAGEMENT MODELS. TECHNOLOGY CENTER PC, 2025. https://doi.org/10.15587/978-617-8360-14-6.ch5.

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The problems of relocation of high-tech enterprises, cargo and people under martial law, as well as optimization of supply of components after changing the location of production, are studied. Logistics planning models are proposed that take into account the risks caused by military actions, disruptions of transport chains and resource shortages. The key stages of relocation are identified: selection of a safe location, adaptation of logistics infrastructure, establishment of new supply channels. Factors affecting the supply of components are analyzed, in particular the availability of transpo
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Sebastião, Helder, and Pedro Godinho. "Forecasting and Trading Cryptocurrencies with Machine Learning Under Changing Market Conditions." In Blockchain, Crypto Assets, and Financial Innovation. Springer Nature Singapore, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-6839-7_10.

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Abstract This study examines the predictability of three major cryptocurrencies—bitcoin, ethereum, and litecoin—and the profitability of trading strategies devised upon machine learning techniques (e.g., linear models, random forests, and support vector machines). The models are validated in a period characterized by unprecedented turmoil and tested in a period of bear markets, allowing the assessment of whether the predictions are good even when the market direction changes between the validation and test periods. The classification and regression methods use attributes from trading and netwo
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Bettayeb, Belgacem, Oussama Ben-Ammar, and Alexandre Dolgui. "Multi-period Multi-sourcing Supply Planning with Stochastic Lead-Times, Quantity-Dependent Pricing, and Delivery Flexibility Costs." In Advances in Production Management Systems. Artificial Intelligence for Sustainable and Resilient Production Systems. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-85874-2_54.

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Deolalkar, S. P. "Capital Costs, Payback Period and Benefits." In Designing Green Cement Plants. Elsevier, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-803420-0.00015-9.

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Deolalkar, S. P. "Capital Costs, Savings, and Payback Period." In Designing Green Cement Plants. Elsevier, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-803420-0.00028-7.

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Friston, Mark. "Solicitors’ Rights and Remedies (Proceedings, Lien, Charging Orders and Equitable Interference)." In Friston on Costs, 4th ed. Oxford University Press, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1093/law/9780192869081.003.0040.

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Abstract This chapter looks into the rights of a solicitor when faced with a client who either will not pay or is at risk of defaulting on payment. Solicitors can sue for their unpaid fees by bringing a claim under certain protections, such as the right to deliver a bill and one month period after delivery. Moreover, a solicitor is not prohibited from taking security for fees incurred or yet to be incurred. In certain circumstances, a solicitor will have the right to claim a lien wherein the lien is claimed as a result of the property being in the solicitor’s possession. The chapter explores s
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Conference papers on the topic "Period costs"

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Yunovich, M., N. G. Thompson, and Y. P. Virmani. "Life-Cycle Cost Analysis for Reinforced Concrete Bridge Decks." In CORROSION 2003. NACE International, 2003. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2003-03309.

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Abstract The article presents an example of a life-cycle cost analysis for reinforced concrete bridge decks based on the selected deterioration model. The calculations consider different construction/repair/rehabilitation options and several maintenance scenarios and yield annual cash outflows over the period of the deck’s service life for both direct and indirect (user costs). The analysis shows that indirect costs can exceed the direct costs by a factor 10 or more. Another significant conclusion is that at prevailing interest rates more corrosion resistant rebar designs are favored over the
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Naghizadeh, M., Y. Savguira, and M. Fatakdawala. "Life-Cycle Cost Evaluation of Corrosion Mitigation Strategies in the Mining Industry." In CONFERENCE 2022. AMPP, 2022. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2022-18146.

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Abstract Corrosion-related challenges are usually addressed during the detailed engineering phase to meet the specified service life of the asset, but a comprehensive strategy to lower corrosion costs is rarely implemented. A life-cycle cost (LCC) analysis is often used to optimize the design and consider direct and indirect costs. The approach allows to quantify the capital and operating costs and costs associated with the failure of assets and potential implications associated with safety and environmental damage. The present paper explores the cost of corrosion in the mining industry and at
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Zaman, Tanzina, and Abdel Bayoumi. "Estimation of Economic Effectiveness of HUMS Equipped AH-64 Aircraft: An ROI Approach." In Vertical Flight Society 72nd Annual Forum & Technology Display. The Vertical Flight Society, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4050/f-0072-2016-11516.

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Cost-benefit analysis has always been a prime requirement to demonstrate the success of Condition-based Maintenance (CBM) practice in Army rotorcraft (Apache, Blackhawk, Kiowa, and Chinook, etc.). This study investigates whether the benefit of CBM practice in AH-64 aircraft over a 14-year period overweighs the investment cost. The benefit is calculated in terms of direct cost and operating cost analyzing maintenance logs and flight records. Direct cost is calculated in monetary value but operating cost is first calculated in hours and then converted into a monetary value. The direct and operat
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Price, Joshua, Sylvester Ashok, Ryan Armstrong, Kyle Collins, Dimitri Mavris, and Daniel Schrage. "Integrated Discrete-Event Simulation Environment for Analysis of Rotorcraft Reliability, Availability, and Maintainability." In Vertical Flight Society 73rd Annual Forum & Technology Display. The Vertical Flight Society, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4050/f-0073-2017-12217.

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Operations and support cost constitutes nearly 70% of rotorcraft lifecycle cost. When considering new rotorcraft concepts and technology infusion for current concepts, quantitative performance evaluation is undertaken during conceptual design. However, the effect of design decisions on operations and support metrics are typically evaluated qualitatively. Since operation and support costs constitute an overwhelming majority of rotorcraft lifecycle cost, quantitative evaluation of these metrics is required to fully capture the design trade space. To this end, an integrated discrete-event simulat
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Poncio, Steve, and Phil Adkison. "Economics of a Total Maintenance Coatings Program." In CORROSION 1994. NACE International, 1994. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1994-94443.

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Abstract Coating costs are escalating due to increased environmental awareness (Clean Air Act, lead paint disposal, etc.) and increased awareness of safety and health issues (OSHA 29 CFR 1926.62). Owners can reduce the overall cost of maintenance painting projects through the implementation of a Total Quality Program. This program should encompass project pre-planning, evaluation of safety and quality assurance programs, and analysis of employee absenteeism and turnover. The information presented is a case history of one utility's experience managing a maintenance painting program over a five
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Poncio, Steve. "Developing and Managing a Coatings & Linings Program in an Electric Utility." In CORROSION 2017. NACE International, 2017. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2017-08812.

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Abstract Coating costs are escalating due to increased environmental awareness (Clean Air Act1, lead paint disposal, etc.) and increased awareness of safety and health issues (OSHA 29 CFR 1926.62 Occupational Safety and Health Administration in the USA)2. Owners can reduce the overall cost of maintenance painting projects through the implementation of a Total Quality Program. This program should encompass project pre-planning, evaluation of safety and quality assurance programs, and analysis of employee absenteeism and turnover. The information presented is a case history of one utility's expe
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McGreal, Joe. "A Viable Alternative to Mineral Abrasive." In Coatings+ 2020. SSPC, 2020. https://doi.org/10.5006/s2020-00037.

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Abstract Mineral abrasives such as glass bead and aluminum oxide have been traditionally used in the surface finishing industry. The general perception is that they offer acceptable cleaning at a low operating cost. Often dismissed is the potential of metallic alternatives that though seemingly higher in initial procurement cost, offer several differentiating advantages in terms of recyclability, consistency of finish, repeatable results and ultimately resulting in overall, reduced operating costs. This case study compares the use of stainless steel grit in a grit blast installation that in th
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Aiello, Lorenzo. "Condition Based Corrosion Health Monitoring: an Italian Air Force Prospect." In CORROSION 2004. NACE International, 2004. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2004-04262.

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Abstract Corrosion detection and monitoring are essential diagnostic and prognostic means for preserving both equipment integrity and mission readiness and reducing life cycle cost of military aircraft. The costs of corrosion, as well as its structural impact, become significantly larger with aging fleets. To date, corrosion has been managed via periodic inspections, with the assumption that all corrosion damages would be found and repaired prior to becoming critical. This very expensive approach seems unsuitable for all aircraft parts and does not consider the structural impacts of existing c
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Powell, D. E., L. C. Frazer, B. L. Dibrell, B. D. Arnold, and J. S. Ryman. "Optimization of Scale Inhibitor Squeeze Procedures in a North Slope Oil Field." In CORROSION 1996. NACE International, 1996. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1996-96185.

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Abstract Downhole scale inhibitor squeeze treatments and monitoring have been performed for several years at the Kuparuk River Field (KRF) as part of an overall scale inhibition program. This paper discusses the evolution of these treatments during the past two years. During this period, the diesel-based preflush used to prepare the reservoir rock for adsorption of the scale inhibitor has been replaced by an aqueous-based preflush. This has resulted in reduced costs by replacing the diesel with water and by reduced equipment and manpower requirements for each treatment. In other testing, it wa
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Klassen, Bob, and Pierre Roberge. "When Do We Need to Wash Aircraft?" In CORROSION 2007. NACE International, 2007. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2007-07229.

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Abstract Washing aircraft is a routine maintenance chore that is intended to reduce corrosion damage by removing corrodents. However, this exercise incurs costs that, when applied to a fleet, are substantial. The US Air Force (USAF) algorithm for setting wash intervals was based on an environmental severity index and an implied set of economic assumptions. A novel approach is described based on a corrosion model, explicit economic parameters, maintenance records and ground-based corrosivity measurements. A time-averaged maintenance factor can be calculated from maintenance records of aircraft
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Reports on the topic "Period costs"

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Weibezahn, Jens, and Björn Steigerwald. The Economics of Nuclear Power. Copenhagen School of Energy Infrastructure, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22439/csei.pb.015.

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The levelized costs of electricity from renewables have decreased by up to 90% in the past decade. During the same period, the cost of nuclear power has increased by more than a third. This led to a domination of renewables in new investments worldwide. Even when factoring in integration costs of renewables and new nuclear technologies, building new nuclear power remains multiple times more expensive than new solar or wind projects. Given the financial, project, and technological risks, the role of nuclear in the energy transition should be questioned.
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Kirsch, F. W. Energy conserved and costs saved by small and medium-size manufacturers: 1986-1987 EADC program period. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6304982.

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van Kooten, Sebastian, Adriaan Perrels, and Eeva Kuntsi-Reunanen. Report on the expert workshop on current and future costs and learn curves. OceanNets, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3289/oceannets_d1.3.

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In this report the workshop on cost and scale of deployment scenarios for ocean liming is described. Participants discussed potential configurations of ocean liming deployment scenarios and the associated cost and scale levels. A simulation tool was used as a means to structure the discussions. Cost and scale scenarios for the period 2030-2050 were covered.
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van Kooten, Sebastian, Adriaan Perrels, and Eeva Kuntsi-Reunanen. Report on the expert workshop on current and future costs and learn curves. OceanNets, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3289/oceannets_d1.3_v1.2.

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In this report the workshop on cost and scale of deployment scenarios for ocean liming is described. Participants discussed potential configurations of ocean liming deployment scenarios and the associated cost and scale levels. A simulation tool was used as a means to structure the discussions. Cost and scale scenarios for the period 2030-2050 were covered.
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Benvenuti, B., C. Marshall-Denton, S. McCann, and Frontières) MSF (Médecins Sans. Death, despair and destitution: the human costs of the EU’s migration policies. Doctors Without Borders/Médecins Sans Frontières, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.57740/jvow8383.

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This report considers the health and humanitarian consequences of violent policies and practices on people moving along EU migration routes. It details findings from MSF medical humanitarian operations in 12 countries in Europe and Africa, as well as in the Central Mediterranean Sea. Taking stock of MSF operational experiences between August 2021 and September 2023, and drawing upon routine medical and operational data from MSF project and accounts from MSF patients and medical teams during that period, the report highlights how, at every step of people’s migration journey towards and within t
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สุวรรณมาลา, จรัส, อุดมโชค อาษาวิมลกิจ, นุชจรี แก้วมะเริง та ін. การศึกษาค่าใช้จ่ายต่อหัวนักศึกษา : รายงานผลการศึกษาฉบับสมบูรณ. จุฬาลงกรณ์มหาวิทยาลัย, 1998. https://doi.org/10.58837/chula.res.1998.26.

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This research project is aimed at constructing cost per output unit in Thailand's public universities. It is expected that the research findings will provide alternatives for university funding reform based on formular block grants. Studied cases are 21 public universities in Thailand including, Burapa University, Chiangmai University, Chulalongkorn University, Kasetsat University, King Mongkul Institute of Technology (Ladkrabang), King Mongkut Institute of Technology (North Bangkok), King Mongkut Institute of Technology (Thonburee), Konkean University, Maejo University, Mahasarakam University
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Windsor, Callan, and Max Zang. Firms' Price-setting Behaviour: Insights from Earnings Calls. Reserve Bank of Australia, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.47688/rdp2023-06.

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We introduce new firm-level indices covering input costs, demand and final prices based on listed Australian firms' earnings calls going back to 2007. These indices are constructed using a powerful transformer-based large language model. We show the new indices track current economic conditions, consistent with a simple conceptual framework we use to explain why there is real-time information in firms' earnings calls. Focusing on firms' price-setting behaviour, the reduced-form associations we estimate appear to show that discussions around final prices have become more sensitive to import cos
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Micco, Alejandro, Ugo Panizza, and Mónica Yañez. Bank Ownership and Performance. Inter-American Development Bank, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0010835.

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This paper builds a new dataset on bank ownership and bank performance covering approximately 50,000 observations for 119 countries over the 1995-2002 period. The paper then uses the dataset to reassess the relationship between bank ownership and bank performance, providing separated estimations for developing and industrial countries. It is found that, while ownership is strongly correlated with performance in developing countries, that ownership is not correlated with performance in industrial countries. In particular, the paper suggests that state-owned banks operating in developing countri
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Gotsadze, George, Ivdity Chikovani, David Gzirishvili, et al. Adult Vaccination in Asia and the Pacific: Policies, Financial Needs, and Fiscal Impacts. Asian Development Bank, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.22617/wps230559-2.

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Immunization is one of the most cost-effective tools for improving health and well-being. The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic illustrated the importance of having a well-functioning vaccination delivery system that can deliver vaccines to all population groups. Adult immunization rates throughout the world, however, remain low due to gaps in immunization policy and implementation. This working paper assesses the costs to 40 Asian Development Bank developing member countries to implement adult vaccination programs recommended in national policy documents, including for COVID-19, over a
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Busso, Matías, Santiago Levy Algazi, and Maria Victoria Fazio. (In)Formal and (Un)Productive: The Productivity Costs of Excessive Informality in Mexico. Inter-American Development Bank, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011401.

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The laws that regulate relations between firms and workers in Mexico distinguish sharply between salaried and non-salaried workers, and they are at the root of the existence of informality. This paper provides a clear definition of informality, distinguishing it from illegality. Using Mexico's Economic Census, the paper shows that the majority of firms are informal but legal, that there are more small formal firms than large ones, and that some large firms are informal. It also shows that informality and illegality increased in the period 1998-2008. Using a simple model of monopolistic competi
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