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Journal articles on the topic 'Period costs'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 30 May 2022

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Beggs, Alan, and Paul Klemperer. "Multi-Period Competition with Switching Costs." Econometrica 60, no. 3 (1992): 651. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2951587.

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2

김승용 and 마승수. "A Comparison of the behavior of Product Costs and Period Costs." Korea International Accounting Review ll, no. 53 (2014): 128–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.21073/kiar.2014..53.007.

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3

Howe, Keith M., and Paul L. Gronewoller. "Issue Costs in Fisher's Two-Period Model." Financial Review 25, no. 2 (1990): 335–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6288.1990.tb00800.x.

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4

Trzebiński, Artur A. "Mutual Funds’ Cost Persistence." Financial Internet Quarterly 18, no. 2 (2022): 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/fiqf-2022-0009.

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Abstract The research aimed to check whether investment fund managers maintain costs similarly from period to period. The research verified the hypothesis that managers maintain costs in the subsequent periods at a similar level. The study used a method based on contingency tables which are used to analyse the persistence of performance. In this study, we replaced performance with costs, assuming that managers also control these values. Costs were defined as: (1) total costs, (2) total costs minus management fees and (3) active management costs (expressed as the active expense ratio). Based on

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5

Pechen, V. "The cost structure of products of woodworking enterprises." Bulletin of Science and Practice 270, no. 9(10) (2016): 103–7. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.154306.

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The article discusses the cost structure for the production woodworking enterprise, the analysis of the main changes in the structure of these costs during the study period, shows the factors influencing changes in the cost of production. Also noted the key areas for the reduction of production costs.

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6

Saracoglu, Rusdu, and Ahmet I. Soylemezoglu. "OPTIMUM MULTI-PERIOD PORTFOLIO STRATEGIES WITH ADJUSTMENT COSTS." Financial Review 20, no. 3 (1985): 104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6288.1985.tb00282.x.

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7

Simcock, Mathew, Pedram Sendi, Bruno Ledergerber, et al. "A Longitudinal Analysis of Healthcare Costs after Treatment Optimization following Genotypic Antiretroviral Resistance Testing: Does Resistance Testing pay off?" Antiviral Therapy 11, no. 3 (2005): 305–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/135965350601100305.

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Objective To assess the impact of antiretroviral therapy optimized by genotypic antiretroviral resistance testing (GRT) on healthcare costs over a 2-year period in patients after antiretroviral treatment failure. Study design Non-randomized, prospective, tertiary care, clinic-based study. Patients One-hundred and forty-two HIV patients enrolled in the ‘ZIEL’ study and the Swiss HIV Cohort Study who experienced virological treatment failure. Methods For all patients GRT was used to optimize the antiretroviral treatment regimen. All healthcare costs during 2 years following GRT were assessed usi

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Edoka, Ijeoma P., Stavros Petrou, and Paul G. Ramchandani. "Healthcare costs of paternal depression in the postnatal period." Journal of Affective Disorders 133, no. 1-2 (2011): 356–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2011.04.005.

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9

Kim, Sang Hyo, Se Jun Park, Dong Ho Lee, and Jin Hee Ahn. "User Costs Evaluation due to the Bridge Reconstruction Period." Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection 15, no. 1 (2011): 148–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.11112/jksmi.2011.15.1.148.

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10

Lee, Gabriel S. "Housing Investment Dynamics, Period of Production, and Adjustment Costs." Journal of Housing Economics 8, no. 1 (1999): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jhec.1999.0239.

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11

Delgado, Francisco, Bernard Dumas, and Giovanni W. Puopolo. "Hysteresis bands on returns, holding period and transaction costs." Journal of Banking & Finance 57 (August 2015): 86–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbankfin.2014.12.015.

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12

Khalilov, Sh. "Improvement of the Analysis of Period Costs in Construction Organizations." Bulletin of Science and Practice 7, no. 8 (2021): 264–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/69/29.

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There is a growing need to attract foreign investment in the construction industry, to determine the effectiveness of ongoing construction work, to form information on the financial and economic activities of construction companies. It also requires an analysis of the period costs of construction organizations by origin, by analyzing information related to operational activities. In this article, an author’s approach has been developed by studying the approaches to the costs of the period in the scientific and educational works of local and foreign economists. Theoretical and methodological as

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13

Iyidiobi-Agaba, F. C., I. M. Okwo, and F. N. Nkwo. "Evaluating the Impact of Environmental Costs on the Market Values of Oil and Gas and Communication Firms in Nigeria." International Journal of Advanced Finance and Accounting 4, no. 5 (2023): 1–16. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10207109.

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<i>This study evaluates the impact of Environmental Cost on Market Value of publicly listed oil and gas and communication firms in Nigeria. The specific objectives are to assess the impact of environmental investment costs on market capitalization, examine the impact of environmental remedial costs on market capitalization and determine the impact of environmental law compliance and penalty costs on market capitalization of publicly listed oil and gas and communication firms in Nigeria. The study adopted an ex-post-facto research design which made use of secondary data obtained from the annual

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14

Yusrina, Hasibuan Yenni Samri Juliati Nuwani. "Analisis Pengaruh Biaya Produksi dan Biaya Penjualan Untuk Meningkatkan Profitabilitas Pada PT. Alpen Food Industry." Madani: Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin 1, no. 8 (2023): 201–16. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8360194.

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<em>This study aims to determine the effect of production costs and selling costs on profitability at PT. Alpine Food Industry. This research uses quantitative methods. The population and sample in this study are the quarterly financial reports of PT. Alpen Food Industry 2014-2021 period. The sampling technique is using purposive sampling. Data collection techniques with documentation using data from the quarterly financial reports of PT. Alpen Food Industry 2014-2021 period. Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis method. The results of this study indicate that Production

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15

Martínez Matute, Marta, and Carlos Pérez Domínguez. "El impacto de los costes de despido sobre el empleo en España: Una estimación con datos de panel." Studies of Applied Economics 30, no. 1 (2020): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.25115/eea.v30i1.3383.

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This paper examines the effect of firing costs on the Spanish employment. On the basis of a theoretical model with two periods of time and firing costs, a regional dynamic panel data is estimated for the period 2005-2011. According to this model, two opposite effects take place: on the one hand, the presence of firing cost makes the employer more careful to hire new workers in the first period; but, on the other hand, the firing penalty makes the firm more reluctant to reduce employment in period 2. Then, the global effect of mandatory firing costs remains unclear. The main result obtained in

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16

Kashlan, Osama N., Thomas J. Wilson, Neeraj Chaudhary, et al. "Reducing costs while maintaining quality in endovascular neurosurgical procedures." Journal of Neurosurgery 121, no. 5 (2014): 1071–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2014.7.jns14236.

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Object As medical costs continue to rise during a time of increasing medical resource utilization, both hospitals and physicians must attempt to limit superfluous health care expenses. Neurointerventional treatment has been shown to be costly, but it is often the best treatment available for certain neuropathologies. The authors studied the effects of 3 policy changes designed to limit the costs of performing neurointerventional procedures at the University of Michigan. Methods The authors retrospectively analyzed the costs of performing neurointerventional procedures during the 6-month period

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17

Deng, Liurui, Lan Yang, and Bolin Ma. "Multi-period Investment Strategies with Transaction Costs Under Cumulative Prospect Theory." Applied Finance and Accounting 5, no. 2 (2019): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/afa.v5i2.4432.

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This paper focuses on optimal investment strategies under cumulative prospect theory (CPT). Considering transaction costs, we investigate CPT investors multi-period optimal portfolios. Our main contributions relative to previous work are expanding a single-period optimization problem to a multi-period optimization problem and investigating the impact of transaction costs on optimal portfolio selections. In a numerical analysis that applied original data on four stocks from the NASDAQ, we examine the effects of different risks on the optimal portfolio. Moreover, in contrast with the results wit

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18

Ravi, Peruvemba S. "A two-period newsvendor model with concave capacity acquisition costs." Journal of Statistics and Management Systems 8, no. 3 (2005): 639–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09720510.2005.10701184.

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19

Rudi, Nils, Harry Groenevelt, and Taylor R. Randall. "End-of-Period vs. Continuous Accounting of Inventory-Related Costs." Operations Research 57, no. 6 (2009): 1360–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/opre.1090.0752.

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20

Liu, Yong-Jun, Wei-Guo Zhang, and Xue-Jin Zhao. "Fuzzy multi-period portfolio selection model with discounted transaction costs." Soft Computing 22, no. 1 (2016): 177–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00500-016-2325-5.

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21

To, Theodore. "Multi-Period Competition with Switching Costs: An Overlapping Generations Formulation." Journal of Industrial Economics 44, no. 1 (1996): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2950562.

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22

Savage, Ian. "The analysis of bus costs and revenues by time period." Transport Reviews 8, no. 4 (1988): 283–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01441648808716694.

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23

Menzefricke, Ulrich. "Prediction Of Warranty Costs During A Given Period Of Time." INFOR: Information Systems and Operational Research 31, no. 3 (1993): 127–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03155986.1993.11732222.

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24

Warner, David O., Bijan J. Borah, James Moriarty, Darrell R. Schroeder, Yu Shi, and Nilay D. Shah. "Smoking Status and Health Care Costs in the Perioperative Period." JAMA Surgery 149, no. 3 (2014): 259. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamasurg.2013.5009.

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25

Balachandran, K. R., and Richard A. Maschmeyer. "Accounting for Product Wearout Cost." Journal of Accounting, Auditing & Finance 7, no. 1 (1992): 49–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0148558x9200700105.

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Maintenance agreements typically take effect when products have survived their warranty periods and begun to wear out. This paper proposes a stochastic model that both describes the breakdown phenomena that affect products and facilitates estimating repair costs during a maintenance agreement period. The model, thus, may be used for pricing decisions. The usefulness of the approach in estimating costs during an arbitrary accounting period is illustrated.

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26

Ibrahim, Awad Elsayed Awad. "Economic growth and cost stickiness: evidence from Egypt." Journal of Financial Reporting and Accounting 13, no. 1 (2015): 119–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfra-06-2014-0052.

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Purpose – This paper aims to examine whether costs respond asymmetrically to demand change, and examine the influence of economic growth on cost stickiness, in the pre- and post-2008 financial crisis periods. Design/methodology/approach – This study uses multiple regression models to investigate the behavior of three costs: selling, general and administrative (SG & A), cost of goods sold (COGS) and operating costs (OCs) for the 2004-2011 period. Moreover, the study compares cost stickiness during the economic prosperity period (2006-2008) with cost stickiness during the economic recession

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27

GOŚCIŃSKI, ANDRZEJ, BOŻENA PIEKARZ, and KRZYSZTOF ZIELINSKI. "Influence of the length of disturbance measurement period and measurement costs on the costs of process control." International Journal of Systems Science 16, no. 1 (1985): 113–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207728508926659.

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28

Gaul, Charly, Julia Finken, Janine Biermann, et al. "Treatment costs and indirect costs of cluster headache: A health economics analysis." Cephalalgia 31, no. 16 (2011): 1664–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0333102411425866.

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Background: Cluster headache (CH) is the most frequent trigemino-autonomic cephalgia. CH can manifest as episodic (eCH) or chronic cluster headache (cCH) causing significant burden of disease and requiring attack therapy and prophylactic treatment. Methods: Treatment costs (direct costs) due to healthcare utilisation, as well as costs caused by disability and reduction in earning capacity (indirect costs), were obtained using a questionnaire in CH patients treated in a tertiary headache centre based at the University Duisburg-Essen over a 6-month period. Results: A total 179 patients (72 cCH,

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29

Yang, Yong. "Construction period and cost optimization for river dredging engineering based on NSGA-II." Journal of Computational Methods in Sciences and Engineering 24, no. 4-5 (2024): 2879–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jcm-247524.

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To improve the economic benefits of river dredging engineering construction, studies have been undertaken to optimize construction period costs. This study suggests a scheme for optimizing schedule costs through the use of three algorithms: non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm with elite strategy, simulated annealing colony algorithm, and ant colony algorithm. To achieve the preliminary algorithm selection of construction duration cost, the objectives have single and multi-objective, and iterative models are constructed separately. The validation results showed that the simulated annealing

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30

Ha, Young-Kyou, and Su-Han Woo. "Causes and Prospects of SCFI Fluctuations During the COVID Period." Korea International Trade Research Institute 19, no. 2 (2023): 161–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.16980/jitc.19.2.202304.161.

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Purpose – It is very important to forecast and analyze the shipping market in business operation and national policy establishment. However, it has become very difficult to forecast the shipping market cycle after COVID based on the balance of supply and demand as before. It is necessary to analyze this in a new way. Design/Methodology/Approach – In this study, we try to examine the relationship with freight using a new variable in a situation where traditional analysis is impossible. The basic analysis method of this study is panel regression analysis. In the basic formula, the COVID dummy va

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31

Vintr, Zdenek, and Michal Vintr. "Warranty Costs Assessment for Automotive Applications." Advanced Materials Research 433-440 (January 2012): 6108–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.433-440.6108.

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The article deals with current problems of warranty costs in automotive applications. The two-dimensional warranty widely used in automotive industry is presented. The relationship between warranty costs and product reliability is also presented. The article analyses problems with estimation of a number of failure occurrence over a warranty period and estimation of costs related to repair failures. The mathematical model enables to predict warranty costs for two-dimensional warranty is presented. The article also deals with problems of estimation of an instant of warranty period expiration and

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32

Salisbury, Christine, and Arthur Chambers. "Instructional Costs of Inclusive Schooling." Journal of the Association for Persons with Severe Handicaps 19, no. 3 (1994): 215–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154079699401900309.

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Relatively little is known about the relative costs of inclusion, particularly as they compare to more prevalent self-contained and/or segregated out-of-district placement options. This investigation was conducted to report longitudinal cost data associated with one district's evolution toward more inclusive schooling practices. Results of archival data analysis revealed: (a) that District costs were significantly less on an annual basis relative to comparable costs for out-of-district services; (b) a significant increase in the number of students with severe disabilities over the 5-year perio

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33

Gut, Liubov. "ANALYTICAL STUDY OF CURRENT COSTS OF UKRAINIAN TRADE ENTERPRISES DURING THE QUARANTINE PERIOD." BULLETIN OF CHERNIVTSI INSTITUTE OF TRADE AND ECONOMICS 2, no. 86 (2022): 95–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.34025/2310-8185-2021-2.86.07.

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To ensure the overcoming of the negative consequences of the financial crisis and the further effective functioning of Ukrainian trade enterprises, it is necessary to optimize costs and develop a strategy for managing them to ensure the development of their operating, investment, innovation and financial activities. The most important element of the cost management system is the analysis, the main purpose of which is information support, comprehensive evaluation of the results achieved and justification of management decisions for their further rationalization. Both absolute and relative indic

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34

Abad, P. L. "Optimal single period order size under uncertain demand incorporating freight costs." International Journal of Services and Operations Management 2, no. 1 (2006): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijsom.2006.009030.

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35

Lamminen, Johanna, Heikki Forsvik, Ville Vopio, and Keijo Ruohonen. "Teleconsultation: changes in technology and costs over a 12-year period." Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare 17, no. 8 (2011): 412–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/jtt.2011.110211.

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In our previous study, in 1997, we evaluated the cost of teleconsultations in a primary care centre compared with the cost of the conventional alternative, travelling to the hospital. The results showed that teleconsultations were cheaper than patient travel when the annual workload was more than 110 patients in ophthalmology and 115 patients in dermatology. Using the same method of analysis for 2009 data showed that cost savings would occur if the annual workload was 20 patients in ophthalmology and 17 patients in dermatology. The main differences between the two studies are the reduced cost

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36

Liagkouras, K., and K. Metaxiotis. "Multi-period mean–variance fuzzy portfolio optimization model with transaction costs." Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence 67 (January 2018): 260–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.engappai.2017.10.010.

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37

Takano, Yuichi, Nobuaki Ishii, and Masaaki Muraki. "Multi-period resource allocation for estimating project costs in competitive bidding." Central European Journal of Operations Research 25, no. 2 (2016): 303–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10100-016-0438-7.

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38

Rudolfová, Lucie. "The costs of debt in the short period - methods of estimation." Oceňování 12, no. 3 (2019): 34–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.18267/j.ocenovani.234.

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39

Fu, Ying Hui, Kien Ming Ng, Boray Huang, and Huei Chuen Huang. "Portfolio optimization with transaction costs: a two-period mean-variance model." Annals of Operations Research 233, no. 1 (2014): 135–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10479-014-1574-x.

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40

Subiyanto, Effnu. "Assessing Total Logistics Costs." International Journal of Applied Logistics 10, no. 2 (2020): 45–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijal.2020070103.

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Logistics infrastructure is widely known as the most significant economics hurdle in Indonesia over recent decades due to the limited logistics infrastructure. This study aims to examine total logistics costs during the execution of several cement projects in Indonesia within the period 2010-2018. The panel data method of eight cement projects in Indonesia has been developed, analysed, and measured. Due to the limited logistics infrastructures, the logistics cost rose to 27.129% of the Gross National Product (GNP) in Indonesia. Further, this paper provides suggestions for Indonesia's governmen

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41

Ahapov, Oleh, and Yevhen Pelypenko. "ANALYSIS OF CAR OPERATING COSTS." Bulletin of the National Technical University «KhPI». Series: Automobile and Tractor Construction, no. 1 (June 19, 2024): 3–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.20998/2078-6840.2024.1.01.

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The paper considers a general approach to determining the cost of car ownership, including the costs of entry into ownership, the costs of operation and the costs of exit from ownership. Particular attention is paid to real operating costs, which were taken into account on the example of a particular car over a fairly long period of time. On the basis of their analysis, the items of expenditure and the degree of influence of each of them were identified. In operating costs, the most important items are those related to the purchase of fuel and storage of the car, while in the total cost of own

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42

Monterrey-Mayoral, Juan, and Aurora Rabazo Martín. "La histéresis de los costes en la empresa española. Un análisis empírico." Revista de Contabilidad 27, no. 1 (2024): 3–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.6018/rcsar.475891.

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This paper presents the results of an empirical analysis of cost hysteresis in Spanish companies. Based on a wide sample of non-listed Spanish firms for the period 2009-2019, he obtained evidence on the existence of an asymmetric behaviour of costs. In the presence of decreases in activity, the reduction experienced by costs is less than proportional, as they appear to remain stuck or retained. However, this asymmetric behaviour, also called sticky behaviour, is not present in all types of cost, shows significantly different degrees and does not appear to exist in certain industries. Our resul

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Landa, Martin. "Analysis of operating cost variability in selected sectors of the Czech Republic for the period 2007–2010." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 60, no. 2 (2012): 165–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201260020165.

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One of the major approaches to the analysis of economic performance is the concept of variable and fixed costs. This concept analyzes the relationship between corporate costs and profits. The tightness of this relationship (i.e. the costs variability rate) is an essential element of cost and profit management in different periods of a business life cycle. The type of business activity (production, trade and services) has a significant influence on the relationship between costs and profit (in particular of the operating type). This relationship can be examined mainly on the basis of the financ

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Ginevičius, Romualdas, and Algirdas Andruškevičius. "MODELLING MAINTENANCE COSTS OF BUILDINGS UNDER WARRANTY." Technological and Economic Development of Economy 10, no. 1 (2004): 22–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13928619.2004.9637648.

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An essential link in building construction is maintenance under warranty. It is hardly possible to predict now how the cost and time of building construction will affect maintenance costs and alternations during this period. A correlation regression analysis has shown that the higher is the cost of the project, the higher the expenses, while the longer the time of the contract, the lower the costs. The total effect of the size and time of the project on the maintenance costs is positive implying that the higher they are, the greater are the expenses. Expenses under warranty spread parabolicall

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BUCK, P. O., J. L. MEYERS, L. D. GORDON, R. PARIKH, S. K. KUROSKY, and K. L. DAVIS. "Economic burden of diagnosed pertussis among individuals with asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the USA: an analysis of administrative claims." Epidemiology and Infection 145, no. 10 (2017): 2109–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268817000887.

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SUMMARYIndividuals with chronic respiratory conditions may be at increased risk for pertussis. We conducted a retrospective administrative claims analysis to examine the incidence and economic burden of diagnosed pertussis among adolescents and adults in the USA with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or asthma. Patients aged ⩾11 years with diagnosed pertussis and pre-existing COPD (n = 343) or asthma (n = 1041) were matched 1:1 to patients with diagnosed pertussis but without COPD or asthma. Differences in all-cause costs (‘excess’ costs) during the 45-day and 3-month and 6-month pe

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Sum, Grace, Mumtaz Mohamed Kadir, Soon Hoe Ho, Joanne Yoong, Junxing Chay, and Chek Hooi Wong. "Cost analysis of a Patient-Centred Medical Home for community-dwelling older adults with complex needs in Singapore." Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore 51, no. 9 (2022): 553–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.2022165.

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Introduction: The Patient-Centred Medical Home (PCMH) demonstration in Singapore, launched in November 2016, aimed to deliver integrated and patient-centred care for patients with biopsychosocial needs. Implementation was based on principles of comprehensiveness, coordinated care and shared decision-making. Method: We conducted a prospective single-arm pre-post study design, which aimed to perform cost analysis of PCMH from the perspectives of patients, healthcare providers and society. We assessed short-to-intermediate-term health-related costs by analysing data on resource use and unit costs

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Sepehri, M., and K. Fayazbakhsh. "A multi-period and multi-product optimizer for cooperative supply chains." South African Journal of Business Management 43, no. 1 (2012): 77–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajbm.v43i1.178.

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Members in a traditional supply chain compete to reduce their individual costs. But total cost is minimized in a cooperative, or a corporate managed, supply chain. A lower average cost and a lower cost variation are achieved by cooperative individual members in the long-run. The problem is formulated and solved as an integrated flow network. Previous research is expanded to include multi-period and multi-product cooperative supply chain with possibility of holding inventory in a multi-stage, multi-member setup. A Cooperative Supply Optimizer System (CSOS), a software-based coordination mechani

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48

Song, Xin, Daofang Chang, and Tian Luo. "A Single-Product Multi-Period Inventory Routing Problem under Intermittent Demand." Information 14, no. 6 (2023): 331. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info14060331.

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Demand fluctuations and uncertainty bring challenges to inventory management, and intermittent demand patterns increase the risk of inventory backlogs and raise inventory holding costs. In previous studies on inventory routing problems, different variants have been proposed to cope with complicated industrial scenarios. However, there are few studies on inventory routing problems with intermittent demand patterns. To solve this problem, we introduce a lateral transshipment strategy and build a single-product multi-period inventory routing mixed integer programming model to reduce customers’ in

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Gilev, Leonid B., and Anna S. Novikova. "Analysis of defects in residential buildings identifi ed during the warranty period." Innotrans, no. 2 (2021): 21–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.20291/2311-164x-2021-2-21-26.

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The article is devoted to the analysis of defects in residential buildings identified during the warranty period. The purpose of the study is to reduce the costs of construction organizations during the warranty period of maintenance of residential buildings and improve the quality of construction. A residential complex consisting of twenty low-rise buildings was selected to study the operation of residential buildings and estimate costs. Key defects were identified and analysed. In the course of the research, a scheme of operational quality control has been developed, with the help of which i

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Ferrell, C. L., L. J. Koong, and J. A. Nienaber. "Effect of previous nutrition on body composition and maintenance energy costs of growing lambs." British Journal of Nutrition 56, no. 3 (1986): 595–605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn19860140.

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Abstract:

1. Forty-eight intact male lambs (30 kg) were fed to gain 16 (H), 5 (M) or –6 (L) kg during a 42 d interval (period 1). Lambs from each of the H and M groups were fed to gain either 16 (HH, MH), 5 (HM, MM) or –6 (HL, ML) kg and lambs from the L group were fed to gain 27 (LS), 16 (LH) or 5 (LM) kg during the ensuing 42 d (period 2).2. Fasting heat production (FHP) of four lambs from each treatment was determined at the end of period 2.3. Weights and compositions of the carcass, offal and digesta-free body as well as weights of major internal organs were determined for four lambs of each treatme

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