Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Période de Contact'
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Théoleyre, Malcolm. "Musique arabe, folklore de France ? : musique, politique et communautés musiciennes en contact à Alger durant la période coloniale (1862-1962)." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016IEPP0038/document.
Full textIn this dissertation, we seek to demonstrate that the history of music in Algiers from the 1860s to independence must be apprehended in terms of meeting and transfers between European and indigenous musical expressions. Characterized by live performance and being a point of contact, musical practice has been understood, as early as the beginning of the 20th century, as a means to create and tighten ties between communities; a purpose to which many actors of civil society have worked, increasingly supported by public authorities. Rubbed together, the different musical genres were modelled and consolidated, so that the Algiers’s so-called “Andalusian” musical tradition was, in fact, shaped by the dialogue between Europeans and indigenes. Thus, from 1862 to 1962, one can speak of Algerian music’s “franco-muslim” path; a path which reveals that the historical significance of Algerian independence in the field of music is as limited as its memorial weight is overwhelming in contemporary nationalist narratives on Algerian music. However, the Algiers musical case might be more telling from a cultural history of modern France point of view: it shows – surprisingly? – that in France, multiculturalism is not tied to imperialism. If one considers for a moment that Algiers, from 1862 to 1962, is not fundamentally “colonial”, admits that it has for a time shared a common destiny with the hexagone, and yields to the fact that it hosted a genuine cultural policy aimed at the promotion of diversity, one is led to wonder if Jacobinism, as is often said, is consubstantial to France
Poitevin, Claire. "L'avant-contrat en droit des contrats d'auteur." Phd thesis, Université d'Avignon, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00944059.
Full textBelaiche, Omar. "La période précontractuelle dans les droits des pays arabes." Thesis, Paris 2, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA020071.
Full textGlobalization promotes all kinds of exchanges. The legal field with its ideas, concepts and categories finds fertile ground to contribute to the socio-economic development of the peoples. Today, the continental and the Islamic tradition characterize Arab laws. In order to have an accurate idea of those laws and study the pre-contractual period, it is fundamental to determine the mechanism of construction and validity of the legal rule in Islamic land according to a historical, objective and positive approach. Our methodology has allowed us to propose a new definition of Islamic law that integrates the different normative authorities, thus making it possible to correct the numerous misunderstandings noted. Therefore, it was necessary to verify our theoretical results in the light of current realities in order to clarify the legal nature of the Arab legal orders. This has led us to refute the duality of Arab legal orders in favor of unity and coherence. Finally, we were able to approach the pre-contractual period in order to enhance the compatibility between tradition and modernism, using a comparative approach between French, Moroccan and Kuwaiti laws, to propose ways of reforming the pre-contractual period thanks to a new legal classification in this subject, which has been little studied in the Arab countries. In fine, our study seems to be able to be extended to all legal matters, thus creating a bridge between the theoretical thinking contained in the first part of our thesis and the action sketched during the second part
Elsehly, Mahmoud. "La période précontractuelle : étude comparée des régimes français et égyptien." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU10047/document.
Full textPre-contractual phase form an important part of contracts’ life cycle; for reasons including globalization and the complexity of legal and economic relations gathering the concerned parties. Building on this importance this phase arises numerous problems and questions concerning its definition, regulation, rights and duties of the parties and nature of liability during this stage including the negotiations and preparatory contracts. Despite the importance and vitality of this phase, and the necessity to answer the risen questions legislations tend to neglect the regulation of this period. A perfect example of this lack of legislative action is the Egyptian law in addition to the French one preceding the major contract law reform that took place in 2016. This reform tried to codify this period. The question rising in this regard is the following: did this reform attend its mission? If so, can the Egyptian civil code be inspired by the experience of the French legislature? This thesis aims to answer these questions using a comparative analytical legal approach
Couture, Andréanne. "Configuration de l'espace domestique des Inuits historiques du nord du Labrador pendant la période de contacts - approches archéologique, micromorphologique et géochimique." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26077.
Full textRenaud, Roger. "Les Tribus et les errants : contacts entre indiens et européens, au 16e siècle en Amérique du Nord." Paris 7, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA070169.
Full textThe common failure of colonial attempts, during the 16th century in north america is usually ascribed to essentially unfavourable or adverse native conditions. A critical study of original documents contradict this tradition. Against the numerous opportunities available to them, the europeans cling stubbornly to the chimerical project of finding locally an equivalent of mexico or peru and abstain, till to starvation, from any kind of economic pursuit. Against the offer of cultural relationship, addressed to them by hospitable, populous and prosperous indian communities, they take refuge in a fanciful dream of superiority, which at that time can only be signified soon or late by violence, a violence then always victorious, but gratuitous, useless and without any bebefit for them. Thus their failure is due to a systematic and irrational refusal of the indigenous reality. And this refusal has its source in a deep feeling of insecurity, in a crisis of identity, resulting for them from the contact with a different world and different peoples
Sood, Aditi. "Wiring the adaptive response of mitochondria to metabolic transitions : a Mitofusin-2- dependent proteolytic elimination of OPA1 accompanies cristae and mitochondria-ER contacts remodelling in the postprandial mouse liver." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25772.
Full textIt is well established in cultured models that mitochondrial dynamics and cristae remodeling regulate mitochondrial function under different stress conditions, such as starvation and apoptosis. Despite the tremendous amount of research in this field, relatively little is known about the significance of mitochondrial dynamics and ultrastructure remodeling under normal physiological conditions in vivo. In the 1960’s, Hackenbrock demonstrated that isolated mitochondria adopt distinct internal conformations under different metabolic states. Based on these observations, he predicted that mitochondrial ultrastructural changes regulate the organelles functional output. However, whether these ultrastructural changes also accompany metabolic transitions in vivo, under physiological conditions, is not known. Further, hepatic metabolism requires mitochondria to adapt their bioenergetic and biosynthetic output to the ever-changing anabolic/catabolic state of the liver cell, but the wiring of this process is still largely elusive. In this study, we provide the first in vivo quantitative description of the adaptive response of the mitochondrial reticulum to hepatic metabolic transitions. Using a postprandial mouse liver model and quantitative cryo-EM analysis we show that at 5 hours after feeding the mTORC1 signaling is blocked, the mitochondria network fragments, the cristae density decreases and the mitochondrial respiratory capacity drops. These changes are accompanied with a parallel increase in the mitochondria-ER contact (MERCs) lengths, which control calcium and phospholipids fluxes between the two organelles. Further, these events are associated with the transient expression of two previously unidentified C-terminal fragments (CTFs) of Optic atrophy-1 (OPA1), a mitochondrial GTPase that regulates cristae and mitochondrial dynamics. Using an in vitro assay, we show that these CTFs originate from a novel OPA1 processing, termed C-cleavage that eliminates OPA1 activity by breaking off the GTPase. Importantly, we show that C-cleavage requires the presence of Mitofusin-2 (MFN2), a key regulator of mitochondria fusion and MERCs biogenesis, but not that of its homolog Mitofusin-1 (MFN1), thereby linking cristae remodeling to MERCs assembly.
Savalle, Caroline. "Premiers contacts entre britanniques et indiens d'Amérique du Nord et conséquences sur leurs modes de vie respectifs." Thesis, Tours, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TOUR2017/document.
Full textThis study investigates the consequences that contacts between British people and Native American populations had on their respective ways of life. There is a widespread cliché in people’s minds according to which only British people would have had (heavily) left their marks on the North American ground and peoples that they encountered. Nevertheless, and contrarily to this idea, we shall tackle here their reciprocal influence, that is the way in which Native tribes also deeply impacted British colonists’ everyday life in the New World. We were able to witness such an influence thanks to archaeological, historical and ethnohistorical evidence. Various angles of study were chosen for this paper: the cultural habits and behaviors directly or indirectly linked to food (how did people have access to food supplies? How were foodstuffs prepared or cooked? Were food and/or meals shared? Which social links and practices -if any- derived from such habits?...). We shall also have to present to the audience what Native people’s connections and attitudes towards other tribes, or colonists from different European nations, were. And these could have been friendly, diplomatic, economical or even hostile relationships, implying political management and thinking ahead of taking actions, which was commonly omitted in the past
Claquin, Laurent. "Cuisines et céramiques de cuisine dans le monde grec colonial aux époques archaïque et classique (début VIIe-fin IVe s. av. J.C.) : approche archéologique des pratiques culinaires à Marseille, Mégara Hyblaea et Apollonia du Pont." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM3089.
Full textThis work on the kitchen ceramics is focused on three sites from different mother cities, a distinct and discontinuous geographic environment, and in contact with diverse populations: Marseille, Megara Hyblaea and Apollonia Pontica.The goal is not to get a holistic view of the Greek kitchen from the 7th to the 4th century BC., which would be reductive, but a comparative analysis to evaluate the nature of the relationship between the Greek colonies each other, and these with the communities with which they are in contact.It is divided into three distinct and complementary parts. The first lays the foundations by placing this work in its historiographical context while specifying the methodology adopted; a large part is dedicated to characterize the function, uses, culinary processes and terminology of each shape, by crossing the sources (text, iconography, coroplasty, ethnography and archaeology).The second part develops the typo-chronological analysis of the Greek kitchen ceramics from the preparation of the food to its cooking, sometimes using various devices and utensils. Finally, the third part highlights, by an intrinsic diachronic analysis, the culinary faciès for each of these three colonies and its evolution due to multiple phenomena of cultural interactions between the pre-Roman societies.This approach allows to reveal, in a common cultural framework to the Greeks, a discontinuity of the perceptible eating behaviours in the Greek colonial world, varying according to the scale (local, regional, interregional) and the socio-economic context considered
Barcat, Dominique. "Les contacts entre l’Égypte et le monde égéen aux époques géométrique et orientalisante (env. 900 - env. 600 avant J..C) : "question homérique" et modalités d’une rencontre de l’altérité." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCD101.
Full textIn Homers‟ Odyssey, a poem usually dated circa 700 BC, the famous and shrewd Odysseus, when he finally comes back home incognito, pretends to be a Cretan sailor just arrived from Egypt. His lie is so convincing that everybody at Ithaka believes it. This dissertation is, in a sense, intended to show that, if the Homeric poems are of course fictional creations, they express, in this specific case, some historical reality. In other words, we see here something that we can interpret as representative of a socio-cultural fact, namely the existence of nautical ties connecting the Aegean world to Egypt duringthe “Geometric” (IXth-VIIIth c.BC) and early “Orientalizing” (beginning VIIth c. BC) Periods. These connections have so far been ignored or underestimated even in recent scholarly tradition. This scientific bias rests on some preconceived ideas, namely : the trust unduly given to the Herodotean narrative according to which there were no Greeks in Egypt before Psammetichus I (664 BC) and the belief in the so-called “Phoenician middleman” as an exclusive intermediary. On the contrary, recent researches on the Mediterranean world in the “longue durée” point to new appreciation of Greek presence on every coast of the Eastern Mediterranean in the first half of the first Millennium BC.Greek presence on the Nile Delta shore, which is not archeologically visible because of geological subsidence, can be, if not altogether proven, at least clearly suggested by the huge amount of so-called Aegyptiaca found in many sites of the Aegean world. Relying on the invaluable catalogue created by N. Skon-Jedele, supplemented by new discoveries, we conclude that these artefacts, some of which are earlier than previously thought, are too numerous to be understood without the mediation of, among others, Greek traders attracted by their effectiveness, and notably by the protection they were thought to afford to the family circle
Crouzet, Yann. "Les aspects politiques et juridiques de l'écrit en Bretagne romaine." Thesis, Paris 10, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA100088.
Full textSince Roman Britain became a province, it experienced a profound acculturation, amending the past political and economical activities. Among the imports, writing is a novelty, that became a tool of daily communication and a vector of power. Shared by various provinces of the Empire, it allows establishing an administrative, and commercial and cultural link with the Roman capital city, as much as widening a gap between those who know how to master it and the others. As the instrument of everyday life in the Roman forts, writing is an essential binder for the legions in place to manage the territory. The civilian world is not outdone. Beyond the symbolism, all funeral, economic, religious or food related activities seem to have been affected. Every Breton is immersed, to various degrees, in this new culture of written communication, that of a long lasting expression of the individual or common willpower. This act plays a pioneering role in the law relationships within Roman Britain
Hampton, Ellen. "La propriété foncière aux premières heures de la colonisation aux Amériques : une comparaison de l'acquisition par les cinq Etats européens colonisateurs." Paris, EHESS, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EHES0025.
Full textThis dissertation aims to compare the methods and means used by the five European states Spain, Portugal, England, France and the Netherlands -to acquire land in the Americas at the beginning of colonization. It examines the contracts issued by the metropoles for the initial claims of American territory, followed by the actual physical occupation of the land. The manner in which the Europeans located and built their first settlements is compared, as well as the type of immigration each colony received, and the effect of land acquisition on the social composition of the colony. Finally, the colonists' relations with their indigenous neighbors influenced their ability to acquire land, but territorial expansion was not always at the root of conflicts between the two groups. Two English colonies are considered, Virginia and Massachusetts Bay, because of their extraordinary differences in formation. Despite the chronological gap between the Iberians and the northern Europeans, all five states went through the same process of land acquisition in America. Their challenges were the same whether developing natural resources, finding peace with the local Indians or exerting control over their colonial communities. Comparing their responses brings some surprising parallels in geopolitical, social and cultural aspects
Padilla, Aguilera Tania. "Imagen autorial y estrategias de mercado en José Joaquín Benegasi y Luján (1707-1770)." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BOR30064.
Full textAuthoritative image and market strategies in José Joaquín Benegasi y Luján (1707-1770) presents the study of this not very well known author of the Spanish barroco bajo. José Joaquín Benegasi y Luján, even though he was considered a "minor" by the traditional criticism of the eighteenth century, is a writer with an authorial profile that preludes some of the features of the modern author. Moreover, the specific network of sociability (Bourdieu) of Madrid, which he belonged to, as well as the personal imprint of his texts –which are summarized in this distinctive mark, the "jocoserio"–, allowed me to anticipate some affirmations that guaranteed a fruitful study of his figure, his context and his work. It is from these statements that I began my research, which I structured around the two traditional axes of life and the work of the author, while striving to provide them with a greater versatility and wealth. In the present study, we can distinguish historical and archival research work, the intention of which was to reconstruct as reliably as possible the historical-social evolution of the author, his texts and the context in which they appear, as well as the more strictly philological research work. This late one aims at making a detailed analysis of the printed texts which helps us to better understand, from a literary perspective, both the author and the socio-editorial context in which they were produced. With this dual approach that aims to be complementary, my goal was to articulate a solid and coherent study that can allow us to enrich to some extent our still weak knowledge about this author. In general, some tentative conclusions can be drawn from the research carried out:1. The presence of a certain professional profile (signature, denatured accreditations, editorial control, identifiable style, thematic diversification, engraving) in the work of Benegasi. 2. The awareness of the importance of one's own insertion and professional connection with a more or less complex sociability network. 3. The development of publishing strategies within a book market in which Benegasi places, in addition to his aspirations of notoriety, his interest in economic survival. 4. The relative public recognition of Benegasi, which is attested both by its extensive network of contacts and the testimonies that flow from them, as well as by the frequency of printing of the compilations and re-editions
Balvay, Arnaud. "L'épée et la plume : Amérindiens et soldats des troupes de la Marine en Louisiane et au Pays d'en Haut (1683-1763)." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/17953.
Full textDallaire-Fortier, Coralie. "Une étude technologique des ornements abénakis de la période de contact et de la période historique amérindienne retrouvés sur le site archéologique d’Odanak." Thèse, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/19265.
Full textThe archaeological site located in the historical part of the Abenaki reserve of Odanak has been occupied for several centuries. From 2010 to 2013, excavations of this site were carried out under the direction of Geneviève Treyvaud and Michel Plourde. The excavations led to the discovery of several features including many artéfacts relating to personal ornaments. These objects were studied to determine which chaîne opératoire led to their presence on the site and which operations were carried out at Odanak. Ornaments crafted from stone, metal, glass and various organic materials were worn by the Abenakis. Several different production techniques were used to craft these ornaments and these techniques left characteristic traces on the objects. Three areas are apparent on the site: a domestic zone, a production zone and a palisade. Several artifacts appear to have been manipulated and transformed in the production zone, stored in the domestic zone, and abandoned near the palisade.
Eid, Patrick. "Analyse techno-économique des chaînes opératoires lithiques du Témiscouata (Québec), durant le Sylvicole et la période de Contact." Thèse, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/18427.
Full textThis thesis presents data and analyses on chipped stone tool techno-economic patterns of nomadic hunters-gatherers at a quarry source area in the Témiscouata region (Québec, Canada) during the latter part of the Middle Woodland (500-1000 AD), the Late Woodland (1000-1550 AD) and also the early historic period (XVIe-XVIIe centuries AD). Located in the hinterland of the Bas-Saint-Laurent region, in the upper St. John river drainage, the Témiscouata region is rich in natural resources, perhaps among the most important is an important chert outcrop. The Touladi chert is present in two main quarries and is also found in pebble form scattered in the vicinity of the surrounding lakes and rivers. We applied a technological analysis, from the technological approach in the French tradition, to five lithic collections with the objective of reconstructing the chaînes opératoires and their economic management patterns (techno-economy). The most prominent artifacts found are of course the countless flakes which have been derived from three different chaînes opératoires: the bifacial process, the multidirectional (ad hoc) core reduction, and the use of pièces esquillées. The production of bifacial tools is the most important process in the Témiscouata lithic industries and is the one which produced most of the flakes found on the prehistoric settlements. The tool assemblage is first characterized by the bifacial tools which are primarily manufactured from tabular blocks of chert. As for the flake tools, they are mostly represented by informal (ad hoc) tools (retouched and used flakes), endscrapers and pièces esquillées. Techno-economic patterns of Touladi chert use have demonstrated that most of the flake tools were made on flake blanks derived from the bifacial process, mostly from the early and middle stages of this chaîne opératoire. The bifacial process was also segmented in time and space so that blanks and preforms could be carried throughout the territory to be used as “cores”. The two other production sequences are quite secondary based on the small amount of tools manufactured and they are far less mobile than the bifacial process. Stone tools that are made of exotic materials, even if they represent a small part of the archaeological record, reveal the patterns that prevailed while hunters-gatherers were outside the quarries zone. The technological analysis provides empirical evidence that hunter-gatherers of the Témiscouata region adopted flexible and simple, yet efficient, techno-economical strategies. These management schemes, which use the bifacial chaîne opératoire as the central element of tool manufacturing, are well adapted to their way of life based on a generalist, seasonal and flexible subsistence economy.
Treyvaud, Geneviève. "Le cuivre dans tous ses états : métallurgie de la période Thulé (750 à 1900 de notre ère) dans la région du golfe du Couronnement." Thèse, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/16935.
Full textBellen, Simon van. "Carbon accumulation in three ombrotrophic peatlands of the Eastmain region, Quebec, Canada : influence of hydrology, vegetation and fire in the Holocene climatic context." Thèse, 2011. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/4015/1/D2176.pdf.
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