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Cañadas, Laura. "Evaluación formativa en el contexto universitario: oportunidades y propuestas de actuación." Revista Digital de Investigación en Docencia Universitaria 14, no. 2 (December 10, 2020): e1214. http://dx.doi.org/10.19083/10.19083/ridu.2020.1214.
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La evaluación es uno de los elementos más importantes y a la vez más controvertidos de la formación universitaria. A pesar de la amplia bibliografía que apoya el empleo de los procesos de evaluación formativa en Educación Superior, en la práctica todavía hoy no se da un uso generalizado de esta, predominando los sistemas tradicionales de evaluación que buscan únicamente establecer una calificación al final del periodo formativo. El principal objetivo de este artículo es realizar una revisión sobre las concepciones de la evaluación y mostrar las características que deben tener los procesos de evaluación formativa en Educación Superior, para posteriormente realizar una serie de recomendaciones y propuestas que puedan servir como referencia para el cambio en los procesos de evaluación. Es necesario avanzar hacia la utilización de estos procedimientos de forma sistemática y planificada para conseguir un entorno lo más formativo posible y que únicamente tenga en cuenta la nota como la culminación de este proceso.
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Sánchez Huaringa, Carlos D. "INSTRUMENTOS MUSICALES PRECOLOMBINOS: LA “ANTARA” O LA FLAUTA DE PAN ANDINA EN EL FORMATIVO FINAL (300 A.C.) E INTERMEDIO TEMPRANO (100.C.)." Arqueología y Sociedad, no. 31 (June 13, 2017): 065–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.15381/arqueolsoc.2016n31.e13293.
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La música en el Perú prehispánico, del periodo de crecimiento regional o también llamado del Intermedio Temprano es representado principalmente por las sociedades Mochica y Nazca y significa también el máximo desarrollo de los instrumentos musicales basados en los aerófonos más simbólicos del mundo andino: las flautas de pan (antaras) y las “quenas”. Así, los Mochicas habrían conocido (¿inventado?) la flauta de Pan dual complementaria y la sociedad Nazca, las “antaras” en juego separadas por mitades (distancia de octavas) además de una técnica inigualable en cerámica para la elaboración de estos instrumentos.
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Robles-Rodríguez, Andrés, Manuel Tomás Abad-Robles, José Robles-Rodríguez, and Francisco Javier Giménez Fuentes-Guerra. "Factores psicológicos asociados a la formación y al rendimiento en judokas de elite." JUMP, no. 1 (November 20, 2019): 27–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.17561/jump.n1.3.
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El proceso de formación de los deportistas desde que se inician hasta que llegan a la elite va a depender de aspectos de tipo biológico, psicológico, perceptivo-cognitivo y social. El objetivo principal de este estudio ha sido analizar la importancia que los factores psicológicos tienen en el proceso formativo recorrido por los judokas de elite españoles que han representado a España en los Juegos Olímpicos celebrados en el siglo XXI (Sidney 2000, Atenas 2004, Pekín 2008, Londres 2012, y Rio 2016). Este periodo abarca cinco Juegos Olímpicos y 25 judokas (15 mujeres y 10 hombres). La muestra final a los que se pudo acceder fue de 20 deportistas (80% de la población total) distribuidos de la siguiente forma: mujeres (n=12, 60%) y hombres (n=8, 40%). El instrumento de investigación fue una entrevista semiestructurada. Las conclusiones de este trabajo destacan, en primer lugar, la gran importancia de los aspectos psicológicos en el proceso formativo según la opinión de los propios deportistas. En este sentido, los contenidos psicológicos más importantes para llegar a la elite, según los entrevistados, son la perseverancia, la constancia, la capacidad de sacrifico y la autoconfianza. También la motivación es valorada de forma muy necesaria, sobre todo en los comienzos para conseguir hábitos de práctica y evitar abandonos prematuros.
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Flores Morán, John Freddy, and Edgar Xavier Salazar Ojeda. "Proyecto de emprendimiento y economía familiar, Guasmo, 2019. Una experiencia de vinculación." INNOVA Research Journal 5, no. 3 (September 3, 2020): 35–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.33890/innova.v5.n3.2020.1373.
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El artículo refiere la experiencia de ejecución del proyecto de vinculación con la colectividad, en el campo de emprendimiento y economía familiar, en la Parroquia Nuestra Señora de la Encarnación, ubicada en la Unión de Bananeros, del Guasmo Sur, de la ciudad de Guayaquil; por estudiantes de la carrera de Administración de Empresas de la Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (UPS), con monitoreo docente; teniendo como objetivo evaluar su implementación, con una metodología de tipo descriptiva, a partir de la valoración que realizaron los participantes en una encuesta tipo likert, tomada al final del periodo formativo. Sus resultados principales reflejan las opiniones de los beneficiarios en las categorías de organización, desarrollo de contenidos prácticos, a través de los cuales se alcanzó un alto nivel de participación, y donde el proceso de evaluación fue clave para mejorar la asimilación de los contenidos; la calidad de los instructores y el nivel de aprendizaje adquirido; que permitió estimular el espíritu emprendedor. Se concluye que el desarrollo de estas temáticas, dirigidas a sectores vulnerables de la sociedad, constituye una estrategia para enfrentar los altos niveles de desempleo que se viven en el país.
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Vicario-Molina, Isabel, Elena Martín-Pastor, Alejandro Gómez-Gonçalves, and Luis María González Rodero. "Nuevos desafíos en la Educación Superior: análisis de resultados obtenidos y dificultades experimentadas en la realización del Trabajo Fin de Grado de estudiantes de los Grados de Maestro de la Universidad de Salamanca." Revista Complutense de Educación 31, no. 2 (April 1, 2020): 185–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.5209/rced.62003.
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En la universidad española, el Trabajo Fin de Grado (TFG) es el último escalón en el periodo formativo de los estudiantes de grado, y desempeña una importante función en la evaluación de las competencias, conocimientos y aptitudes adquiridas. Esta asignatura supone un reto para los futuros graduados ya que deben hacer frente a diferentes dificultades durante su proceso de elaboración. La base de inicio de este trabajo se encuentra en el estudio de las variables que determinan estas dificultades, así como de aquellas que influyen en el resultado final del TFG. Por tanto, el objetivo de esta investigación es analizar los resultados obtenidos –nota y satisfacción- y las dificultades experimentadas por una muestra de alumnos universitarios durante la elaboración de su TFG. Para alcanzar el objetivo formulado, se contó con la participación de 251 estudiantes egresados de los Grados de Maestro (Infantil y Primaria) de la Universidad de Salamanca, a los que se administró un cuestionario online, elaborado ad hoc para el presente estudio, compuesto por 17 ítems. Los resultados desvelan que las principales dificultades experimentadas por los alumnos se concretan en el uso correcto de la normativa APA y en la compatibilidad del TFG con el desarrollo de otras actividades. Además, el nivel de satisfacción de los estudiantes con el trabajo realizado es inferior a la nota obtenida, siendo el papel que desempeña el tutor, uno de los principales factores predictivos de los resultados obtenidos. Este trabajo pretende complementar los estudios existentes sobre el TFG al profundizar en aquellos aspectos que más entorpecen su desarrollo desde la perspectiva del propio alumnado, así como las variables que más directamente se relacionan con el resultado final.
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Rego-Agraso, Laura, and Antonio Rial-Sánchez. "¿Por qué elegir formación profesional? Satisfacción, motivaciones y expectativas del alumnado sobre el empleo y la formación/Why choose vocational training? Satisfaction, motivations and expectations of trainees about employment and training." REOP - Revista Española de Orientación y Psicopedagogía 28, no. 3 (March 13, 2018): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5944/reop.vol.28.num.3.2017.21618.
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RESUMEN Las aspiraciones y expectativas del alumnado de formación profesional a tenor de sus estudios y de su futura inserción laboral representan los ejes alrededor de los cuales gira este artículo, tomando en consideración que esta realidad influye decididamente en elementos como la elección vocacional, el nivel de satisfacción con la formación o el desempeño académico y laboral. La investigación que aquí se presenta pretende analizar pues, variables como las expectativas del alumnado de formación profesional de grado medio y superior, los motivos por los que han decidido cursar estas enseñanzas, la satisfacción con el ciclo formativo y la expectativa de empleo al finalizar su periodo formativo. Se trata de un estudio de tipo descriptivo que combina metodología cuantitativa y cualitativa, centrándose en una comarca gallega (Barbanza) siguiendo el paradigma de desarrollo humano local. Se ha realizado un muestreo aleatorio probabilístico estratificado en función del centro educativo, alcanzando una muestra productiva de 267 alumnos/as, a los cuales se les aplicó un cuestionario diseñado ad hoc y validado mediante juicio de expertos y prueba piloto. A modo de resultado, cabe destacar que la mayor parte del alumnado alude a la salida profesional como razón prioritaria a la hora de elegir el ciclo formativo que cursan, seguido por la vocación y por la proximidad geográfica al domicilio familiar. Tras el análisis realizado, se concluye que existe relación estadísticamente significativa entre la familia profesional del ciclo que cursa el alumnado y la expectativa de empleo al finalizar su formación.ABSTRACTThe aspirations and expectations of students in vocational training about their studies and their future employability represent the main theme of this paper. This items strongly influences in elements such as career choice, the level of satisfaction with training and on the job performance. The research presented here aims to analyze variables such as expectations of students in vocational education, the reasons why they have chosen these studies, satisfaction with training and expectation of employment at the end of their training period. It is a descriptive study that combines quantitative and qualitative methodology, focusing on a Galician county (called Barbanza) and following the paradigm of human and local development. We performed a probabilistic stratified random sampling in function of the vocational school trainees are in, reaching a final sample of 267 trainees, to which was applied a questionnaire designed ad hoc and validated using expert judgment and pilot test. As a result, it is noteworthy that most of the trainees thought about the labour insertion as a priority when they chose their training, followed by the vocational interest and geographical proximity of the school to the family home. After the analysis, it is concluded that there is a statistically significant relationship between the professional field of training and the expectation of employability at the end of it.
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Ikehara, Hugo C. "The Final Formative Period in the North Coast of Peru: cooperation during violent times." World Archaeology 48, no. 1 (January 2016): 70–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00438243.2015.1092883.
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Pokorný, J., J. Pulkrábek, P. Štranc, and D. Bečka. "Photosynthetic activity of selected genotypes of hops (Humulus lupulus L.) in critical periods for yield formation." Plant, Soil and Environment 57, No. 6 (June 8, 2011): 264–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/30/2011-pse.
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This paper evaluates the influence of genotype on the photosynthetic activity of hops in the period critical for generating yield. Results over three years from measuring the photosynthesis rate statistically show an increase in the photosynthetic activity of hop plants in the flowering stage. The average photosynthetic rates from measurements on the second date (BBA 65) in the years 2007, 2008, and 2009 increased by 17.9%, 45.6%, and 49.2%, respectively. Different photosynthesis curve trends during the final stage of ontogenesis of the plants indicate the maturity level of each hop genotype. As regards the genotypes for which photosynthesis did not reduce significantly, it may be assumed that such plants had not reached technical maturity. The results from the three-year study also show that any promising genotype, with respect to the photosynthesis rate and yield, is the result of breeding of new varieties with greater resistance to drought and high temperatures. Very good results in photosynthetic activity were reached by the new varieties exhibiting high yield and a similar chemical composition to Saaz hop and those sharing the same origins to Saaz, showing a higher content of bitter substances. In 2008 and 2009, all three new forms reached yield levels of 2.35 to 3.12 t/ha of dry hops.
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Marsh, Erik J., Andrew P. Roddick, Maria C. Bruno, Scott C. Smith, John W. Janusek, and Christine A. Hastorf. "Temporal Inflection Points in Decorated Pottery: A Bayesian Refinement of the Late Formative Chronology in the Southern Lake Titicaca Basin, Bolivia." Latin American Antiquity 30, no. 4 (December 2019): 798–817. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/laq.2019.73.
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The Late Formative period immediately precedes the emergence of Tiwanaku, one of the earliest South American states, yet it is one of the most poorly understood periods in the southern Lake Titicaca Basin (Bolivia). In this article, we refine the ceramic chronology of this period with large sets of dates from eight sites, focusing on temporal inflection points in decorated ceramic styles. These points, estimated here by Bayesian models, index specific moments of change: (1) cal AD 120 (60–170, 95% probability): the first deposition of Kalasasaya red-rimmed and zonally incised styles; (2) cal AD 240 (190–340, 95% probability): a tentative estimate of the final deposition of Kalasasaya zonally incised vessels; (3) cal AD 420 (380–470, 95% probability): the final deposition of Kalasasaya red-rimmed vessels; and (4) cal AD 590 (500–660, 95% probability): the first deposition of Tiwanaku Redwares. These four modeled boundaries anchor an updated Late Formative chronology, which includes the Initial Late Formative phase, a newly identified decorative hiatus between the Middle and Late Formative periods. The models place Qeya and transitional vessels between inflection points 3 and 4 based on regionally consistent stratigraphic sequences. This more precise chronology will enable researchers to explore the trajectories of other contemporary shifts during this crucial period in Lake Titicaca Basin's prehistory.
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Tauris, Thomas M. "The Origin of Millisecond Pulsar Velocities." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 160 (1996): 51–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100041002.
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We have developed a computer code (Tauris & Bailes 1996) to follow the evolution of a binary system from the zero-age main sequence to its “final” state as a binary millisecond pulsar (BMSP), at all stages keeping careful track of the mass and orbital separation of the two stars.To help determine the origin of millisecond pulsars, we compute the space velocities predicted by various models of their formation. It is difficult to produce a millisecond pulsar velocity greater than 270 km s−1with any model, unless the formation of the neutron star is accompanied by some form of asymmetric kick. We obtain average 3-D system velocities of 〈vrecoil〉= 99.6, 137.6 and 160.7 km s−1using Gaussian kicks of 〈vkick〉=0, 200 and 450 km s−1(σ=0, 100 and 200 km s - 1, respectively). Our computations show that, in general, we expect those systems with shorter orbital periods to have larger velocities than those with longer periods, but any relation between the final orbital period and space velocity is fairly weak, especially if asymmetries are involved.
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Babenko, A. A., L. A. Smirnov, E. V. Protopopov, and L. Yu Mikhailova. "Smelting of steel semi-product in BOF and EAF under magnesian slags." Izvestiya. Ferrous Metallurgy 63, no. 7 (October 5, 2020): 491–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/0368-0797-2020-7-491-498.
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Basics for the development of a rational composition of the main magnesian slags and technological methods for their formation according to the periods of BOF bath blowing and the periods of smelting in EAF are the results of fundamental studies of the slags physicochemical properties. Implementation in the converter shop of OJSC “EVRAZ NTMK” of a developed set of technological methods of magnesian slags formation in the main period of blowing and a wearresistant skull on the basis of magnesian final slags ensured record durability of converter linings. These slags have low aggressive effect on the lining of converters, while maintaining high refining properties. The durability of the converters’ lining exceeds 7000 heats, while maintaining high technological and technical-economic indicators of the process. During heats of low manganese cast irons in 350-metric ton heavy converters of JSC “EVRAZ ZSMK” under magnesian slags, the features of slag formation and changes in chemical composition of the slag were studied by the periods of the BOF bath blowing. During the process stage of phosphorous cast irons in 300-metric ton BOF at JSC “ArcelorMittal Temirtau”, a set of technological methods was developed for the formation of magnesian slags of the recommended chemical composition by the periods of phosphorus cast irons blowing and wear-resistant skulls based on final magnesian slags of moderate basicity. The implementation of the developed technological methods ensured the lining stability of BOF of more than 5 000 heats while maintaining high technological, technical and economic indicators of phosphorous process stage. In the EAF shop of PJSC “Seversky Pipe Plant” a technology for the formation of magnesian slags of rational composition was developed over the smelting periods in EAF-135. Introduction of the technology ensured the record resistance of the refractory lining of the furnace up to 1900 heats per campaign and high level of technological and technical-economic indicators of the process.
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Ergma, E., M. J. Sarna, and J. Antipova. "An Evolutionary Scenario for Short Period (≤10 Days) Millisecond Binary Pulsars." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 158 (1996): 473–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100039476.
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We present numerical calculations that simulate the evolution of a low mass (1M⊙) star transfering mass to a compact object (Muslimov & Sarna 1993; Ergma & Sarna 1996). Mass transfer starts when the secondary turns off the main sequence (having a small helium core). We have calculated 14 evolutionary sequences with the assumption of non-conservative or conservative evolution. We can conclude that near the bifurcation point the evolution is very sensitive to: (i) the assumption of conservative or non-conservative evolution, (ii) the structure of the mass losing star. Small changes in the initial period when the secondary fills its Roche lobe will lead to large changes in the final period and final mass of the remnant. Presently there are 40 known low-mass binary pulsars (LMBP). The evolutionary scenario for the wider systems (10 < Porb(d) < 1000) is connected with that of wide low-mass X-ray binaries (LMXB) in which the donor star will fill its Roche lobe after helium core formation.
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Soethe, L. T. T., and S. O. Kepler. "Convection and rotation boosted prescription of magnetic braking: application to the formation of extremely low-mass white dwarfs." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 506, no. 3 (July 9, 2021): 3266–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab1916.
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ABSTRACT Extremely low-mass white dwarfs (ELM WDs) are the result of binary evolution in which a low-mass donor star is stripped by its companion leaving behind a helium-core white dwarf (WD). We explore the formation of ELM WDs in binary systems considering the Convection And Rotation Boosted magnetic braking treatment. Our evolutionary sequences were calculated using the Modules for Experiments in Stellar Astrophysics code, with initial masses of 1.0 and 1.2 M⊙ (donor), and 1.4 (accretor), compatible with low-mass X-ray binary (LMXB) systems. We obtain ELM models in the range 0.15–0.27 M⊙ from a broad range of initial orbital periods, 1–25 d. The bifurcation period, where the initial period is equal to the final period, ranges from 20 to 25 d. In addition to LMXBs, we show that ultracompact X-ray binaries (UCXBs) and wide-orbit binary millisecond pulsars can also be formed. The relation between mass and orbital period obtained is compatible with the observational data from He WD companions to pulsars.
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Khokhlova, Olga, Nina Morgunova, Alexander Khokhlov, and Alexandra Golyeva. "Dynamics of paleoenvironments in the Cis-Ural steppes during the mid- to late Holocene." Quaternary Research 91, no. 1 (June 11, 2018): 96–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/qua.2018.23.
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AbstractThe multi-layered settlement of Turganik in the Tok River valley (steppe region west of the Urals) has been studied using paleopedological and microbiomorphical methods. Early humans lived in the settlement during the Eneolithic epoch (the fifth millennium BC) and in the Early Bronze Age (the fourth millennium BC). The cultural layers attributable to the Atlantic period of the Holocene developed under conditions of a rather dry climate, with the landscapes being dominated by the grass and herb steppe. The settlement area was above the flood water level and was suitable for habitation. The soils in its vicinity were Kastanozems (Endosalic Protosodic). The final stages of the cultural layer formation bear traces of strong (though short-term) floods, with the deposits of the latter partly concealed traces of the preceding long-term arid phase. Maximum aridity was during the final interval of the Atlantic period. The Subboreal and Subatlantic periods were noted for meadow-chernozem soil formation (Luvic Chernozems [Stagnic]) and an increasing proportion of arboreal species in the pollen assemblages. Some phytoliths of aquatic plants were found in the assemblages dominated by those of meadow grasses. The climate was more humid and cool, although short episodes of aridity were possible.
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Bodečková, Božena, and Erich Maca. "An analysis of time series of the goods and services national accounts in the Czech Republic within the period of 1993– 2003." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 54, no. 3 (2006): 7–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun200654030007.
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The paper presents results of a statistical analysis of time series obtained in studies on the absolute level, variability, dynamics and developmental trends of selected items of national accounts in the transformation period of the Czech national economy and its transition to a market economy. The volume of gross turnover of goods and services, gross value added, gross domestic product and imports of goods and services were explored a base of final expenditure on the one hand and the volume of final consumption expenditure, gross capital formation, gross national final expenditure and exports of goods and services as factors influencing the volume of total final expenditures on the other. Short-terms point extrapolations were calculated on the basis of applied models of developmental trends within the period 1993– 2003.
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van den Heuvel, Edward P. J. "High-Mass X-ray Binaries: progenitors of double compact objects." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 14, S346 (August 2018): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921319001315.
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AbstractA summary is given of the present state of our knowledge of High-Mass X-ray Binaries (HMXBs), their formation and expected future evolution. Among the HMXB-systems that contain neutron stars, only those that have orbital periods upwards of one year will survive the Common-Envelope (CE) evolution that follows the HMXB phase. These systems may produce close double neutron stars with eccentric orbits. The HMXBs that contain black holes do not necessarily evolve into a CE phase. Systems with relatively short orbital periods will evolve by stable Roche-lobe overflow to short-period Wolf-Rayet (WR) X-ray binaries containing a black hole. Two other ways for the formation of WR X-ray binaries with black holes are identified: CE-evolution of wide HMXBs and homogeneous evolution of very close systems. In all three cases, the final product of the WR X-ray binary will be a double black hole or a black hole neutron star binary.
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Hepp, Guy David, Sarah B. Barber, Jeffrey S. Brzezinski, Arthur A. Joyce, and Rachael L. Wedemeyer. "The Symbolism, Use, and Archaeological Context of Masks in Formative Period Coastal Oaxaca, Mexico." Cambridge Archaeological Journal 30, no. 2 (November 25, 2019): 257–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959774319000623.
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The production and use of masks at multiple scales and in diverse contexts is a millennia-long tradition in Mesoamerica. In this paper, we explore some implications of Mesoamerican masking practices in light of materiality studies and the archaeology of the senses. We also discuss a collection of 22 masks, miniature masks and representations of masks from the lower Río Verde valley of coastal Oaxaca, Mexico. The iconography of these artefacts as well as their recovery from well-documented archaeological contexts inform our interpretations of masking practices during an approximately 2000-year span of the Formative period (2000 bc–ad 250). Specifically, we argue that these masking-related artefacts index sociocultural changes in the region, from the first villages and the advent of ceramic technology during the Early Formative period (2000–1000 bc) to a time of increasing consolidation of iconographic influence in the hands of the elite in the final centuries before the Classic period. As indicated by their continued use today, masks have long been intimates of communal activities in Oaxaca.
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Matkivskyi, Serhii, and Oleksandr Kondrat. "Studying the influence of the carbon dioxide injection period duration on the gas recovery factor during the gas condensate fields development under water drive." Mining of Mineral Deposits 15, no. 2 (2021): 95–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.33271/mining15.02.095.
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Purpose. Studying the process of carbon dioxide injection at the boundary of the initial gas-water contact in order to slow down the formation water inflow into producing reservoirs and increase the final hydrocarbon recovery factors. Methods. To assess the influence on gas recovery factor of the duration of carbon dioxide injection period at the initial gas-water contact, a reservoir development is studied using the main Eclipse and Petrel hydrodynamic modeling tools of the Schlumberger company on the example of a hypothetical three-dimensional model of a gas-condensate reservoir. Findings. The dependence of the main technological indicators of reservoir development on the duration of the carbon dioxide injection period at the initial gas-water contact has been determined. It has been revealed that an increase in the duration of the non-hydrocarbon gas injection period leads to a decrease in the formation water cumulative production. It has been found that when injecting carbon dioxide, an artificial barrier is created due to which the formation water inflow into the gas-saturated intervals of the productive horizon is partially blocked. The final gas recovery factor when injecting carbon dioxide is 61.98%, and when developing the reservoir for depletion – 48.04%. The results of the research performed indicate the technological efficiency of carbon dioxide injection at the boundary of the initial gas-water contact in order to slow down the formation water inflow into producing reservoirs and increase the final hydrocarbon recovery factors for the conditions of a particular field. Originality. The optimal value of duration of the carbon dioxide injection period at the initial gas-water contact has been determined, which is 16.32 months based on the statistical processing of calculated data for the conditions of a particular field. Practical implications. The use of the results makes it possible to improve the existing technologies for the gas condensate fields development under water drive and to increase the final hydrocarbon recovery factor.
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Teyssandier, Jean, Dong Lai, and Michelle Vick. "Formation of hot Jupiters through secular chaos and dynamical tides." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 486, no. 2 (April 10, 2019): 2265–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz1011.
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Abstract The population of giant planets on short-period orbits can potentially be explained by some flavours of high-eccentricity migration. In this paper, we investigate one such mechanism involving ‘secular chaos’, in which secular interactions between at least three giant planets push the inner planet to a highly eccentric orbit, followed by tidal circularization and orbital decay. In addition to the equilibrium tidal friction, we incorporate dissipation due to dynamical tides that are excited inside the giant planet. Using the method of Gaussian rings to account for planet–planet interactions, we explore the conditions for extreme eccentricity excitation via secular chaos and the properties of hot Jupiters formed in this migration channel. Our calculations show that once the inner planet reaches a sufficiently large eccentricity, dynamical tides quickly dissipate the orbital energy, producing an eccentric warm Jupiter, which then decays in semimajor axis through equilibrium tides to become a hot Jupiter. Dynamical tides help the planet avoid tidal disruption, increasing the chance of forming a hot Jupiter, although not all planets survive the process. We find that the final orbital periods generally lie in the range of 2–3 d, somewhat shorter than those of the observed hot Jupiter population. We couple the planet migration to the stellar spin evolution to predict the final spin-orbit misalignments. The distribution of the misalignment angles we obtain shows a lack of retrograde orbits compared to observations. Our results suggest that high-eccentricity migration via secular chaos can only account for a fraction of the observed hot Jupiter population.
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Kamei, Tsubasa, Naoto Koiwa, and Nobuhiko Kamijo. "Natural formation processes of the Nakayama site (late to final stage of Jomon period) in Akita Prefecture, Northern Japan : a preliminary report." Quaternary Research (Daiyonki-Kenkyu) 53, no. 5 (2014): 241–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4116/jaqua.53.241.
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A. Zhogol, R., and . "Prebiological Organization of Molecules in Models and in the Matter of the Origin of Life." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 3.14 (July 25, 2018): 467. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.14.17044.
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The theoretical model of cell formation in cell selection is considered. The phenomenology of the process shows that molecular evolution did not have a Darwinian basis for development. According to the described model, cell formation is an inevitable process that develops a clear molecular mechanism. This mechanism is observed throughout the entire period of early development, beginning with the stage of initiation of the process, then at the stage of molecular complications and at the final final stage. The mechanism reveals the ideological concept according to which at an early stage there was a group of ribosome structures catalyzing reversible aminoacyltransfer, their activity led to the formation of a self-replicating cycle on a translational basis.
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Delissio, Lisa J., Richard B. Primack, Pamela Hall, and H. S. Lee. "A decade of canopy-tree seedling survival and growth in two Bornean rain forests: persistence and recovery from suppression." Journal of Tropical Ecology 18, no. 5 (August 21, 2002): 645–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467402002420.
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The population dynamics of 8500 shade-tolerant tree seedlings of 13 tree species were followed for 10 years at rain forests in Lambir Hills National Park and Bako National Park, Malaysian Borneo. Since these dipterocarp forests have lower rates of canopy gap formation than do rain forests elsewhere, tree seedling biology was predicted to differ. Approximately 50% of seedlings present in 1986 were still alive in 1996. Seven out of thirteen had seedling populations composed predominantly of individuals that were at least 10 years old. These seedlings can undergo alternating periods of relatively rapid and slow growth. Many seedlings that grew rapidly in the first census interval survived through a period of suppression in the second census interval, and conversely many seedlings with a history of suppression had exceptionally high growth in the final census interval. Seedlings of South-East Asian forest tree species are long-lived and appear to be adapted to long periods of suppression in the understorey.
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Wilson, E. C., and J. Nordhaus. "Convection and spin-up during common envelope evolution: the formation of short-period double white dwarfs." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 497, no. 2 (July 16, 2020): 1895–903. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa2088.
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ABSTRACT The formation channels and predicted populations of double white dwarfs (DWDs) are important because a subset will evolve to be gravitational-wave sources and/or progenitors of Type Ia supernovae. Given the observed population of short-period DWDs, we calculate the outcomes of common envelope (CE) evolution when convective effects are included. For each observed white dwarf (WD) in a DWD system, we identify all progenitor stars with an equivalent proto-WD core mass from a comprehensive suite of stellar evolution models. With the second observed WD as the companion, we calculate the conditions under which convection can accommodate the energy released as the orbit decays, including (if necessary) how much the envelope must spin-up during the CE phase. The predicted post-CE final separations closely track the observed DWD orbital parameter space, further strengthening the view that convection is a key ingredient in CE evolution.
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Spek, Theo, Willy Groenman-van Waateringe, Maja Kooistra, and Lideweij Bakker. "Formation and Land-Use History of Celtic Fields in North-West Europe – an Interdisciplinary Case Study at Zeijen, the Netherlands." European Journal of Archaeology 6, no. 2 (2003): 141–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/eja.2003.6.2.141.
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Celtic field research has so far been strongly focused on prospection and mapping. As a result of this there is a serious lack of knowledge of formation and land-use processes of these fields. This article describes a methodological case study in The Netherlands that may be applied to other European Celtic fields in the future. By interdisciplinary use of pedological, palynological and micromorphological research methods the authors were able to discern five development stages in the history of the field, dating from the late Bronze Age to the early Roman Period. There are strong indications that the earthen ridges, very typical for Celtic fields in the sandy landscapes of north-west Europe, were only formed in the later stages of Celtic field agriculture (late Iron Age and early Roman period). They were the result of a determined raising of the surface by large-scale transportation of soil material from the surroundings of the fields. Mainly the ridges were intensively cultivated and manured in the later stages of Celtic field cultivation. In the late Iron Age a remarkable shift in Celtic field agriculture took place from an extensive system with long fallow periods, a low level of manuring and extensive soil tillage to a more intensive system with shorter fallow periods, a more intensive soil tillage and a higher manuring intensity. There are also strong indications that rye (Secale cereale) was the main crop in the final stage of Celtic field agriculture.
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Zhunusova, M. K., and A. Zh Sayazhanova. "The syntactic structure of the initial and final sentences." Bulletin of the Karaganda University. Philology series 99, no. 3 (September 30, 2020): 65–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.31489/2020ph3/65-72.
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The article analyzes the key role of syntactic features in the composition of the text. It was determined that the first and last sentences of the text are syntactically diverse. Sentence words, simple, introductory, and complex sentences perform communicative, expressive, and stylistic functions in the text. The semantic and compressed structures, modality, expressiveness, and stylistic skills that are based on various structures of these sentences were studied to reveal the clarity and comprehensibility of the idea of sentences. It is emphasized that with the help of syntactic laws, by means of one-or two-part sentences that convey the idea of the text, the features of the character are briefly and concisely revealed. The features of the formation of various initial sentences are defined. The syntactic structure of initial and final sentences is different: simple, ambiguous, complete, incomplete, positive, negative. All types of single-part components are nominal, vocative, and non-articulate sentences. However, such sentences are not complex, they are mostly simple short sentences. Semantic and syntactic characteristics of initial and final sentences are described in their idiomatic, narrative, interrogative, and complex forms. It was determined by the semantic properties of rhetorical questions in the initial proposals. It should be noted that the nominal structure of the initial sentences of the text is used not only for ease of description but also for emotionality as if it is related to certain aspects of the plot or the general content of the story and affects the reader's feelings. It is believed that the authors in the initial sentences not only indicate the time or place of the event, but also describe human behavior in relation to the environment and nature, and thus allow the reader to predict the end of the story. It was ascertained that the initial and final sentences, depending on the historical period, can be used in both positive and negative meanings.
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Huertas, Rafael. "Psychiatrists and mental health activism during the final phase of the Franco regime and the democratic transition." History of Psychiatry 30, no. 1 (November 1, 2018): 77–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0957154x18808127.
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In the final years of the Franco dictatorship and during the period known as the democratic transition, there were a significant number of protests in the sphere of mental health in Spain. This article analyses the origins and functioning of the Psychiatric Network, which emerged in 1971, its connection to the formation of professional organizations and its role in the reception of anti-psychiatry ideas in Spain. We reach the conclusion that, although the Network’s activities took place within a left-wing political and ideological framework, and at such an important time of social change as the end of the dictatorship, its discourse and practices always demonstrated a marked professional approach.
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Ntormousi, E., P. Hennebelle, J. Dawson, and F. Del Sordo. "Formation of cold clumps and filaments around superbubbles." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 11, A29B (August 2015): 231. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921316005068.
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AbstractThe majority of young massive stars are found in close binary systems. Recently, dedicated observing campaigns have provided strong constraints on the binary fraction as well as the distribution of the parameters that characterize the binary systems: the masses of both components, the orbital period and eccentricities. Most strikingly these findings imply that the majority of massive stars experience strong interaction (roche lobe overflow, a common envelope phase and or a merger) with a binary companion before their final explosion. I will discuss recent results from detailed binary star models and population synthesis models.
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Perez, Yolenda, Douglas Delgado, and Juan E. Manzano. "Phenology of Four Melon Hybrids Cultivated in the Lara State Conditions in Venezuela." HortScience 31, no. 4 (August 1996): 687d—687. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.31.4.687d.
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Phenologycal studies of melon hybrids (Chando, Concorde, Explorer, and Durango) were made through the parameter days to enmergency, type of flowers, days to initiate flowering after sowing, flowering period until first fruit appeared, first cycle fruit formation until new cycle, and days from sowing until the first and final harvest. Chando and Concorde hybrids germinated 4 days after sowing, and Explorer and Durango hybrids germinated 1 day later. All hybrids presented andromonoic flowers. The first flower bottom was present at 25 days after sowing, especially in the hybrid Concorde, while for Explorer and Durango hybrids, it was 26 days. The period of time from flower initiation until the first fruit appeared for Concorde and Chando was 5 days, while for Explorer and Durango hybrids, it was 7 days. Fruit formation occurred in the first cycle and had a duration of 9 days from Concorde. For Chando, Explorer, and Durango, the formation of first fruit group (first cycle) was 12 days. The period of time from sowing until first harvest was 61 days for Concorde and 69 days for the final harvest and from 63 to 72 days, respectively, for the Chando hybrids. For Explorer and Durango, it was 67 to 78 days, respectively.
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Ryabchenko, T. O., and D. V. Murach. "Establishment of state language institute in Ukraine." Legal horizons, no. 18 (2019): 13–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/legalhorizons.2019.i18.p13.
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The article deals with the peculiarities of becoming a constitutional-legal institute of the state language in Ukraine. The main part of the research is devoted to the analysis of the laws of origin of the considered institute, the prerequisites of the modern stage of its development, and therefore the generalization of the factors that led to the establishment and final consolidation at the legislative level of the status of the state language in the context of creating the national language of the people of Ukraine, the establishment of the Ukrainian political nation. Within the framework of this article, considerable attention is given to the characterization of the stages of the genesis of the institute of the state language, starting from the 9th to the beginning of the twentieth centuries. The author of the article emphasizes the conditions that contributed to the formation of regulations in the field of language policy in Ukraine. The subject of the study is the legal monuments of Ukraine, the legislation in force in the territory of Ukraine during the period under review, which regulated the language relations and, consequently, the approval of the state language as a legal institute. Critical analysis of the normative mechanisms of functioning of the Institute of the State Language was carried out. It is suggested to take into account certain features of the legal system, characteristic of a specific historical period of development of Ukraine. This approach, in the author’s opinion, is expedient, since it provides an opportunity to distinguish the main stages of becoming a state language as an institution of constitutional law and to understand the mechanism of constitutional and legal regulation of linguistic relations. At the same time, a chronological division of the process of formation of the state language institute into periods according to belonging to the stages of its formation was made. The regularity of the relevant division is determined, which defines the purpose of this study, and therefore, the legal characterization of the selected periods and stages of formation of the Ukrainian language, the search for regularities in their correlation. Keywords: constitutional-legal institute, state language, Ukrainian language, periods of formation of state language institute.
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Буневич, К., K. Bunevich, Э. Гаврилова, E. Gavrilova, О. Иванова, and O. Ivanova. "Features of the Formation of Direct Investment Articles and Its Impact on the Balance of Payments and the International Investment Position of the Country." Scientific Research and Development. Economics 7, no. 2 (May 13, 2019): 14–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_5ccfcf0a899357.64046358.
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The balance of payments and the international investment position (hereinafter referred to as the IIP) reflect the specifics and peculiarities of the country's economy. However, the data of statistical reports on the economic activities of the country represent only the final formed results for a certain period or date. They do not reflect the nature of the formation of their individual articles. For a deeper understanding of the country's economic processes, it is necessary to analyze the qualitative nature of the formation of the final articles included in the statistical reports under consideration; economic relations due to the flow of direct investment and the role of this flow in reflecting the economic processes of the country.
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González-Brusi, Leopoldo, Blanca Algarra, Carla Moros-Nicolás, Mª José Izquierdo-Rico, Manuel Avilés, and Maria Jiménez-Movilla. "A Comparative View on the Oviductal Environment during the Periconception Period." Biomolecules 10, no. 12 (December 17, 2020): 1690. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom10121690.
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The oviduct plays important roles in reproductive events: sperm reservoir formation, final gamete maturation, fertilization and early embryo development. It is well known that the oviductal environment affects gametes and embryos and, ultimately, the health of offspring, so that in vivo embryos are better in terms of morphology, cryotolerance, pregnancy rates or epigenetic profile than those obtained in vitro. The deciphering of embryo–maternal interaction in the oviduct may provide a better understanding of the embryo needs during the periconception period to improve reproductive efficiency. Here, we perform a comparative analysis among species of oviductal gene expression related to embryonic development during its journey through the oviduct, as described to date. Cross-talk communication between the oviduct environment and embryo will be studied by analyses of the secreted or exosomal proteins of the oviduct and the presence of receptors in the membrane of the embryo blastomeres. Finally, we review the data that are available to date on the expression and characterization of the most abundant protein in the oviduct, oviductin (OVGP1), highlighting its fundamental role in fertilization and embryonic development.
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Travina, M. L., A. G. Popov, S. A. Popov, and E. V. Kulikova. "Cystic changes in the mammary gland structure in different age periods." HEALTH OF WOMAN, no. 1(117) (February 28, 2017): 37–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.15574/hw.2017.117.37.
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The article is devoted to problems of diagnosis of cystic disease of breast at different ages including children and teens. Analyzed various options for classification of cystic changes. The main method of detecting liquid formation is breast ultrasound, then, as a final verification is possible after thorough laboratory studies education (cytological, biochemical and histological method). Therapeutic and diagnostic puncture cysts do not affect the continued operation of the glandular tissue and can be used at any age. Active sonirovanie cysts in children due to the high probability of occurrence of inflammation on the available background cystic cavity. In the adult diagnostic and treatment interventions have a diagnostic character and for reducing local pain symptoms associated with overexertion cysts. Analysis of the results carried out on the basis of examination and treatment of 22 381 patients aged 8 to 72 years, who applied to receive a specialized mammography department of the Federal State Autonomous Institution «National Health Research and Practical Center for Children» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation for the period from 2008 to 2015. Key words: mammalogy, breast cysts, fibrocystic breast disease, breast ultrasound, puncture the cyst.
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Zhang, Yao, Qiming Qin, Huazhong Ren, Yuanheng Sun, Minzan Li, Tianyuan Zhang, and Shilong Ren. "Optimal Hyperspectral Characteristics Determination for Winter Wheat Yield Prediction." Remote Sensing 10, no. 12 (December 12, 2018): 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs10122015.
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Crop growth in different periods influences the final yield. This study started from the agronomic mechanism of yield formation and aimed to extract useful spectral characteristics in different phenological phases, which could directly describe the final yield and dynamic contributions of different phases to the yield formation. Hyperspectral information of the winter wheat canopy was acquired during three important phases (jointing stage, heading stage, and grain-filling stage). An enhanced 2D correlation spectral analysis method modified by mutual information was proposed to identify the sensitive wavebands. The selected wavebands performed well with good mechanism interpretation and close correlation with important crop growth parameters and main physiological activities related to yield formation. The quantitative contribution proportions of plant growth in three phases to the final yield were estimated by determining the coefficients of partial least square models based on full spectral information. They were then used as single-phase weight factors to merge the selected wavebands. The support vector machine model based on the weighted spectral dataset performed well in yield prediction with satisfactory accuracy and robustness. This result would provide rapid and accurate guidance for agricultural production and would be valuable for the processing of hyperspectral remote sensing data.
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Baklagin, V. N. "Influence of meteorological conditions on the formation of ice regime of the Lake Onega." Ice and Snow 59, no. 4 (December 1, 2019): 546–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.15356/2076-6734-2019-4-413.
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The formation of the ice regime on large lakes is mostly determined by the complex meteorological processes occurring over the water area. Previous studies of the air temperature influence on the ice regime formation on the Lake Onega were based on observational data on the state of the ice cover in the Petrozavodsk Bay, as well as the materials of the rare missions of aerial reconnaissance performed in the second half of the XX century. So, it was necessary to revise the previously established dependencies using the present-day satellite data for 2000-2018, and to determine the nature of influence of other meteorological factors, among which a thickness of the snow cover on the Lake area. The authors obtained regularities of changes in the characteristic dates (complete freeze-up – ±5 days/°C and final clearing of ice – ±3 days/°C) of the ice regime on the Lake Onega, depending on changes in the average air temperature that preceded these dates (autumn and spring) for the period of two months. The regression equations to calculate these dates on the basis of the previous three - and four-month periods from the data of 2000-2018 are also given. Relative to the above mentioned results for the previous period, a certain shift by a month ahead of two- and three- period exerting influence on the date of the complete freezeup is noted. Dependencies to calculate the cumulative daily temperatures for the period of the ice regime formation (the beginning of the formation of ice phenomena, complete freeze-up phase, the beginning of the breakup phase, clearing of the ice) were also deduced. Together with the data on the expected air temperature over the Lake these dates provide a potential possibility to estimate (predict) the characteristic dates of the ice regime. The significant influence of the average snow cover thickness on the process of destruction of the ice cover was shown, and the nature of the statistical relationship (along with the air temperature) was also determined.
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Bussotti, Paolo. "THE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION OF THE 17TH CENTURY. THE ASPECTS CONNECTED TO PHYSICS AND ASTRONOMY: AN EDUCATIONAL ITINERARY IN SEVEN LESSONS." Problems of Education in the 21st Century 58, no. 1 (March 25, 2014): 5–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.33225/pec/14.58.05.
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In the period 2012-2013 I got the qualification (abilitazione) to teach history and philosophy in the Italian high schools. The course I followed was called TFA (Tirocinio Formativo Attivo, Active Formative Training). The final examination was constituted by various proofs. Two of them were the written presentations of one educational itinerary in history and one in philosophy. Both of them had to be structured in a series of interconnected lessons. In this editorial I will expose, with some minor modifications, the translation of the educational itinerary I prepared for philosophy. It concerns the scientific revolution of the 17th century. The interest of this itinerary is not limited to the schools in which philosophy is taught, but it can also provide ideas useful in a course of physics at the high school or of history and philosophy of science at the university. What follows is divided into two parts: 1) a general presentation of the aims and methods followed in the lessons; 2) the lessons of the educational itinerary. In my training in philosophy – developed in September and October 2013 in an Italian scientific high school – I presented the following lessons concerning the scientific revolution.
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Kosanovic, Darko, Nebojsa Labus, Jelena Zivojinovic, Adriana Peles-Tadic, Vladimir Blagojevic, and Vladimir Pavlovic. "Effects of mechanical activation on the formation and sintering kinetics of barium strontium titanate ceramics." Science of Sintering 52, no. 4 (2020): 371–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sos2004371k.
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The influence of mechanical activation on the formation, sintering kinetics and morphology was investigated in sintered barium strontium titanate (BST) ceramics with different Ba-to-Sr ratios. Initial powders were mechanically activated for 20 and 120 min, leading to mechano-chemical reaction and formation of BaxSr1-xTiO3 phases. Agglomeration was found to represent an important factor in the process of formation of BaxSr1-xTiO3 phases around 800?C and during sintering. It reduces the effectiveness of mechanical activation on formation of BaxSr1-xTiO3 phases beyond the short period (20 min), while in the process of sintering, prolonged mechanical activation (120 min) leads to a significant reduction in sintering temperature and the corresponding value of activation energy. In addition, all three systems show a phase transformation around 1100?C, attributed to the hexagonal-to-cubic phase transition. Morphology of the final sintered ceramics can be correlated primarily with the state of the pre-sintered powder, where mechanically activated powders with smaller particle size produced more compact and less porous final product.
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Zhadan, Aleksandr V. "NKVD bodies of Khabarovsk Krai during the final stage of World War II and the first post-war period (June–December 1945)." Historia provinciae – the journal of regional history 5, no. 1 (2021): 183–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.23859/2587-8344-2021-5-1-5.
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The article is devoted to the currently little-studied topic which is the influence of the political and socio-economic processes of the final stage of the World War II on the activities of the Khabarovsk Krai NKVD organs. The study was based on the archival documents related to the work of the NKVD organs of the Far East in the second half of 1945. The collections of documents stored in the departmental archive and information center of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Khabarovsk Krai constituted the source base of the research. Most of the archival sources used by the author are being introduced into scientific circulation for the first time. The techniques of historical criminological analysis were applied in the process of research. The author considered the peculiarities of the transition of law enforcement agencies of Khabarovsk Krai to work under martial law connected with the events of the Soviet-Japanese war; structural transformations of the first post-war period, including the formation of new territorial bodies in South Sakhalin; activities in combating crime and protecting public order. It is concluded that the geopolitical events in the region and the internal social processes of the period under study demanded that the NKVD of Khabarovsk Krai not only strengthen the traditional activities to combat crime and protect law and order but also organize work in a number of new areas. The study of archival documents showed that the internal affairs bodies paid considerable attention to the organization of civil defense and the protection of population from possible attacks by Japanese aircraft during that period. Assessing the effectiveness of the activities of the territorial bodies of the Khabarovsk Krai NKVD in the period between June and December of 1945, the author concludes that despite a number of difficulties which were largely caused by the problems connected with personnel and logistics, the internal affairs bodies managed to ensure public safety and law and order in the front-line region and to prevent criminal excesses (outbreaks of banditry, group escapes or prisoner riots, etc.) and sabotage at strategically important facilities.
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Sherkova, T. "Traditions and Innovations in Funeral Rites for the Social Elite in Predynastic and Early Dynastic Egypt." Bulletin of Science and Practice 7, no. 8 (August 15, 2021): 359–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/69/42.
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Elite necropolises are the most important sources for studying the process of the formation of early states. In Ancient Egypt, this process took place over a long period of development of the sedentary culture Naqada, which developed in the 4th millennium BC, from its early phases to the final stages, when the political unification of Egypt took shape. Analysis of the burial architecture of elite burials from Hierakonpolis and Abydos, iconography, motifs and images depicted on ritual objects from tombs of the Late Dynastic and Early Dynastic times continue the scenes of hunting and battles characteristic of the earlier phases of the Naqada culture. However, their style is changing. The motives associated with the king as the protector of society, a successful warrior responsible for the stability and prosperity of Egypt come to the fore. Traditions and innovations, being oppositions, nevertheless work in an integral field, a kind of cultural and historical unity. And in terms of the socio-cultural development of Egypt, the elite necropolises of the Predynastic and Early dynastic periods provide extremely important and objective information about the formation of the first state in Egypt.
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DRAGOMIR BĂLĂNICĂ, Carmelia Mariana, Daniela Ecaterina ZECA, Vasile BAȘLIU, and Ștefan PINTILIE. "Assessment of PM2.5 and PM10 Emissions in the Metallurgical Industry from Romania." Annals of “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati. Fascicle IX, Metallurgy and Materials Science 44, no. 2 (June 15, 2021): 24–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.35219/mms.2021.2.04.
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The article focuses on the evaluation of PM2.5 and PM10, pollutants resulting from the metallurgical industry in Romania. The analysed period is 2008-2018 and the dataset was provided by the National Institute of Statistics. The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of final energy consumption in the metallurgical industry on PM10 and PM2.5 emissions. We included in the study three fundamental factors: the final energy consumption in the metallurgical industry and the particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5). The average of PM10 for reference period is 4026 Tone (Mg) while for the PM2.5 the average is 3645 Tone (Mg). The trend of final energy consumption in the metallurgical industry is identical to the trend of PM2.5 and PM10, which indicates that this factor has a major influence on the amount of PM2.5 and PM10 emissions. PM2.5 and PM10 emission factors represent primary emissions from the metallurgical industry activities and do not consider the formation of secondary aerosol from chemical reaction in the environment afterwards the discharge.
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Boudignon, Benjamin M., Daniel D. Bikle, Pam Kurimoto, Hashem Elalieh, Shigeki Nishida, Yongmei Wang, Andrew Burghardt, et al. "Insulin-like growth factor I stimulates recovery of bone lost after a period of skeletal unloading." Journal of Applied Physiology 103, no. 1 (July 2007): 125–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00111.2007.
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IGF-I stimulates osteoblast proliferation, bone formation, and increases bone volume in normal weight-bearing animals. During skeletal unloading or loss of weight bearing, bone becomes unresponsive to the anabolic effects of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I). To determine whether skeletal reloading after a period of unloading increases bone responsiveness to IGF-I, we examined bone structure and formation in response to IGF-I under different loading conditions. Twelve-week-old rats were divided into six groups: loaded (4 wk), unloaded (4 wk), and unloaded/reloaded (2/2 wk), and treated with IGF-I (2.5 mg·kg−1·day−1) or vehicle during the final 2 wk. Cortical bone formation rate (BFR), cancellous bone volume and architecture in the secondary spongiosa (tibia and vertebrae), and total volume and calcified volume in the primary spongiosa (tibia) were assessed. Periosteal BFR decreased during unloading, remained low during reloading in the vehicle-treated group, but was dramatically increased in IGF-I-treated animals. Cancellous bone volume decreased with unloading and increased with reloading, but the effect was exaggerated in the tibia of IGF-I-treated animals. Total and calcified volumes in the primary spongiosa decreased during unloading in the vehicle-treated animals. IGF-I treatment prevented the loss in volume. These data show that reloading after a period of skeletal unloading increases bone responsiveness to IGF-I, and they suggest that IGF-I may be of therapeutic use in patients who have lost bone as a consequence of prolonged skeletal disuse.
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Heliati, Ratni, and Intan Putri Wandiva. "Military Budget and Economic Growth: Case of Middle East, North Africa and South Asia Countries." TRIKONOMIKA 16, no. 2 (December 28, 2017): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.23969/trikonomika.v16i2.598.
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Conflict became one of the biggest problems in the Middle East region. This situation will deteriorated the country and will impact on economic perfomance, so defense budget is important to resolve these problems. This study aims to determine the effect of military budget on economic perfomance in 22 countries of the Middle East, North Africa and South Asia 2000-2014 period. This study uses 5 variables namely GDP per capita, military budget, gross capital formation, human capital and final consumption expenditure. This study uses panel data analysis with fixed effect model. The results of model estimation suggest that military budget has a significant negative effect on economic perfomance, while gross capital formation, final consumption expenditure have significant positive effect on economic perfomance. Meanwhile, human capital does not have significant effect on economic perfomance in 22 countries.
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Neily, Will, Peter R. Hicklenton, and David N. Kristie. "394 HIGH-AND-LOW RESOLUTION ANALYSIS OF GROWTH IN SNAPDRAGON (Antirrhinum majus cv. Giant Tetra) AND ZINNIA (Zinnia elegens cv. Pompom)." HortScience 29, no. 5 (May 1994): 487e—487. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.29.5.487e.
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Stem elongation rates (SER) in snapdragon end zinnia were recorded in 3 DIF regimes (+5, -5, and 0; Daily average: 18C) using both high resolution (linear transducers), and low resolution techniques. Three developmental stages were chosen for study: Stage 1 was vegetative growth, preceding the formation of a flower bud. Stage 2 was the period from bud formation to preliminary expansion. Stage 3 was the period just before anthesis. Low resolution measurements showed a decrease in snapdragon height in response to a negative DIF. A negative DIF was less effective in reducing zinnia height especially after the third developmental stage. Final plant height for both species was not affected by placing plants in the 3 DIF regimes for 1 week during the growth cycle. Snapdragon and zinnia displayed unique diurnal SER patterns. Snapdragon showed a large peak in SER at the start of the dark period followed by a gradual decline. SER increased again during the light period. Most growth in vegetative zinnias occurred around the light/dark transition. This peak growth tended to shift to the night period as buds were formed and flowering proceeded. High resolution measurements revealed a reduction in SER for both species at negative DIP; greatest decreases occurred during the night. DIF exerts an influence on diurnal SER in both snapdragon and zinnia, despite well defined differences in SER patterns. Negative DIF suppresses the SER of both species at all 3 developmental stages, but must be applied consistently in order to produce significant differences in final plant height.
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Amezhnov, A. V., I. G. Rodionova, and B. M. Mogutnov. "Establishment of optimal technological regimes of out-of-furnace processing of low-alloyed steels in order to ensure their high corrosion resistance in aqueous media through the formation of favorable non-metallic inclusions." NOVYE OGNEUPORY (NEW REFRACTORIES), no. 10 (January 23, 2020): 54–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/1683-4518-2019-10-54-60.
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Based on the analysis of the technological principles of managing the formation of nonmetallic inclusions and the results of additional studies, optimal process conditions for out-of-furnace processing of steel were established, ensuring not only low contamination of nonmetallic inclusions (HB), but also the formation of nonmetallic inclusions of a favorable morphology that do not adversely affect the corrosion resistance of steel. It is shown that this is achieved by regulated input of aluminum for deoxidation and alloying of steel, limiting its content in steel, limiting the input temperature of aluminum and calcium at the final processing stage, as well as the duration of the flushing period. For steel, micro-alloyed with titanium, it is also possible to form another type of HB, which also do not adversely affect the corrosion resistance of steel. The oxide component of such HB with a high content of calcium and titanium acquires a rounded shape. The formation of such HB is achieved by the regulated input of aluminum, titanium and calcium at the final stage of processing.
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Kolesov, S. V., M. L. Sazhnev, A. A. Snetkov, and A. I. Kaz’min. "Auto Preservation and Use of Auto Rib at Two-Step Surgical Treatment of Spine Deformities." N.N. Priorov Journal of Traumatology and Orthopedics 23, no. 3 (September 15, 2016): 28–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/vto201623328-32.
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The possibility of preservation and use of a resected rib for dorsal fusion at final correction of spinal deformity was studied. Treatment results for 80 patients aged 15 to 45 years, with severe spine deformity (scoliosis or kyphoscoliosis) were analyzed. In all patients two step surgical interventions was performed. Either transpedicular or hybrid (screws and sublaminar cerclage) fixation of the vertebral column were performed in 37 and 43 cases, respectively. After ventral release the resected ribs were stitched to subcutaneous fatty tissue and preserved until the time of final dorsal correction. The follow-up period made up 1 - 2 years. Fusion formation and autograft reconstruction was confirmed by radiologic methods. It was shown that rib auto preservation technique was a simple one, did not require special preservation conditions and allowed to preserve sufficient volume of autograft for final spinal deformity correction.
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Kolesov, S. V., M. L. Sazhnev, A. A. Snetkov, and A. I. Kaz’Min. "Auto Preservation and Use of Auto Rib at Two-Step Surgical Treatment of Spine Deformities." Vestnik travmatologii i ortopedii imeni N.N. Priorova, no. 3 (September 30, 2016): 28–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.32414/0869-8678-2016-3-28-32.
Full textAbstract:
The possibility of preservation and use of a resected rib for dorsal fusion at final correction of spinal deformity was studied. Treatment results for 80 patients aged 15 to 45 years, with severe spine deformity (scoliosis or kyphoscoliosis) were analyzed. In all patients two step surgical interventions was performed. Either transpedicular or hybrid (screws and sublaminar cerclage) fixation of the vertebral column were performed in 37 and 43 cases, respectively. After ventral release the resected ribs were stitched to subcutaneous fatty tissue and preserved until the time of final dorsal correction. The follow-up period made up 1 - 2 years. Fusion formation and autograft reconstruction was confirmed by radiologic methods. It was shown that rib auto preservation technique was a simple one, did not require special preservation conditions and allowed to preserve sufficient volume of autograft for final spinal deformity correction.
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Jurík, Luboš, Peter Halaj, Tatiana Kaletová, Józef Mosiej, Jozefína Pokrývková, and Miroslava Sedmáková. "Environmental effects of temperature rise and long periods without precipitation on soil processes – case study for southern Slovakia." Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW. Land Reclamation 50, no. 3 (September 1, 2018): 273–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/sggw-2018-0022.
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Abstract Environmental effects of temperature rise and long periods without precipitation on soil processes - case study for southern Slovakia. The general purpose of the article is to evaluate the environmental effects of temperature rise and long periods without precipitation on soil processes in southern Slovakia. Observed climate change (increase in average temperature) can cause changes in the fertility of the soil, especially in the direction of faster mineralization of organic matter. As an example, very accurate measurements of air temperature, rainfall and water content in the soil profile to a depth of 1 m are used. The more specific objective of the study was to evaluate the formation of soil water retention resources under high temperature conditions and over 30 days without rainfall. Based on the measured values, they were created graphs for extended period of time without precipitation. The graph shows the average daily soil moisture in each layer, which is measured at the hydrological network of stations in operation by Centre of Excellence for Integrated River Basin Management at SUA in Nitra. The final evaluation for the stations Žirany and Dolné Naštice, soil water content is showing the vulnerability of crops due to changes in water content, especially in layers from 0.3 to 0.5 m.
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Rodríguez, Ángel, Susana Domínguez, Mario Cantín, and Mariana Rojas. "Nervous System Embriology." International Journal of Medical and Surgical Sciences 2, no. 1 (October 26, 2018): 385–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.32457/ijmss.2015.004.
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This study briefly reviews the main events and processes that lead to the formation of the nervous system in mammals. At the end of gastrulation, they begin a series of fundamental morphogenetic processes with the formation of the neural plate (start of neurulation) culminating in the attainment of a normal nervous system. Embryological ectodermal primordia involved in the formation of the nervous system are the neuroectoblast, the neural crest cells and placodes that will evolve based on inductive phenomena, mainly from the notochord, prechordal plate and ectoderm. During the embryonic period consolidates the final development plan of the nervous system: 1) it comes complete neural tube formation when closing the rostral and caudal neuropores, 2) the different placodes invaginate to help form the organs of senses and sensory ganglia of the head, 3) the neural crest cells migrate to give rise to sensory and autonomic constituents of the peripheral nervous system and 4) developing brain vesicles, which will derive all the constituents of the brain. In the fetal period nervous system increases its mass and ultimately strengthens their functional organization.
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Lipatov, I. S., Yu V. Tezikov, M. S. Amosov, and E. M. Zumorina. "Clinical and pathogenetic variants of fetal growth restriction with different periods of manifestation." Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council, no. 3 (April 15, 2021): 54–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.21518/2079-701x-2021-3-54-65.
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The article presents data on the clinical and pathogenetic variants of fetal growth restriction (FGR). FGR is one of the typical clinical manifestations of large obstetric syndromes, is associated with a high perinatal morbidity and has a significant impact on the quality and duration of human life. The emphasis is made on the differences in pathogenesis, the features of prediction, diagnosis, obstetric management and the assessment of perinatal outcomes in the early and late phenotype of the FGR. The review includes materials from domestic and foreign scientific literature that found in eLibrary and PubMed on this topic and published for the last 10 years. This article discusses the role of the formation of the embryo(feto)placental system under the influence of existing periconceptional risk factors in the implementation of various phenotypes of FGR. An analysis of the literature shows that the fetal growth potential, which genetically and epigenetically determined, changes during pregnancydepending on maternal, placental and fetal factors, which ultimately determine the final weight-growth parameters of the newborn. The issues of informativeness of clinical, laboratory and instrumental predictors, diagnostic criteria, the choice of rational obstetric management in case of FGR of various periods of manifestation are discussed in this article. Convincing data on the perinatal and long-term consequences of intrauterine growth restriction are presented. The pathogenetic variant of FGR determines the features of the functioning of the immune system, has a significant impact on the programming of metabolic and endocrine processes, the formation of fetal brain structures. Identification of pregnant women at risk for the development of FGR of various periods of manifestation, timely diagnosis, selection of the timing and method of delivery should correspond to the main directions of the "4P-model" of modern medicine and represent an integral predictive, preventive and personalized system of examination and observation based on evidence-based medicine data and the requirements of practical obstetrics and perinatology.
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Ramos, Ana Sofia, M. Teresa Vieira, Sonia Simões, Filomena Viana, and Manuel F. Vieira. "Reaction-Assisted Diffusion Bonding of Advanced Materials." Defect and Diffusion Forum 297-301 (April 2010): 972–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.297-301.972.
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The aim of this work is to join -TiAl intermetallics to Ni based superalloys by solid state diffusion bonding. The surface of the -TiAl alloys and Ni superalloys to be joined was prepared by magnetron sputtering with a few microns thick Ni/Al reactive multilayer thin films with nanometric modulation periods. Sound joining without cracks or pores is achieved along the central region of the bond, especially at 800°C and when a 14 nm period Ni/Al film is used as filler material. During the diffusion bonding experiments interdiffusion and reaction inside the Ni/Al multilayer thin film and between the interlayer film and the base materials is promoted with the formation of intermetallic phases. The final reaction product in the multilayer films is the B2-NiAl intermetallic phase. The interfacial diffusion layers between the base materials and the multilayer films should correspond to: 3-NiTiAl and 4-Ni2TiAl phases from the -TiAl side; Ni-rich aluminide and -phase from the Inconel side. These intermetallic phases are responsible for the hardness increase observed on the diffusion layers.
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Eggenberger, Anne, Stéphane Udry, Gaël Chauvin, Thierry Forveille, Jean-Luc Beuzit, Anne-Marie Lagrange, and Michel Mayor. "Probing the impact of stellar duplicity on the frequency of giant planets: Final results of our VLT/NACO survey." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 6, S276 (October 2010): 409–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921311020564.
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AbstractIf it is commonly agreed that the presence of a (moderately) close stellar companion affects the formation and the dynamical evolution of giant planets, the frequency of giant planets residing in binary systems separated by less than 100 AU is unknown. To address this issue, we have conducted with VLT/NACO a systematic adaptive optics search for moderately close stellar companions to 130 nearby solar-type stars. According to the data from Doppler surveys, half of our targets host at least one planetary companion, while the other half show no evidence for short-period giant planets. We present here the final results of our survey, which include a new series of second-epoch measurements to test for common proper motion. The new observations confirm the physical association of two companion candidates and prove the unbound status of many others. These results strengthen our former conclusion that circumstellar giant planets are slightly less frequent in binaries with mean semimajor axes between 35 and 100 AU than in wider systems or around single stars.