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Mancini, Sabrina. "Assessment of a screening test for MMP-8 activity in the diagnosis of periodontal diseases." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0028/MQ40755.pdf.
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Ng, Kwai-sang Sam. "Psychological perspectives of periodontal disease." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2005. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B36918210.
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Ng, Kwai-sang Sam, and 吳桂生. "Psychological perspectives of periodontal disease." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2005. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B36918210.
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Abuaisha, Karim Belkais Faraj. "Prognostic biomarkers of periodontal disease." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2016. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/prognostic-biomarkers-of-periodontal-disease(77882787-a695-42a3-b7e4-7caa8e9c4bde).html.
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Objectives: Previous studies in our laboratory have identified the antimicrobial proteins Human Neutrophil Protein 1 – 3 (HNP1-3), Myeloid Related Protein 8 (S100A8/MRP8) and LL-37 as putative periodontal salivary biomarkers. The aims of the studies reported in this thesis were to investigate the diagnostic and prognostic potential of these markers, together with Matrix Metalloproteinase- 8 (MMP-8), serum markers C - reactive protein (CRP) and Interleukin-6 (IL-6), on the initial outcome of nonsurgical periodontal treatment. Material & Methods: We carried out a cross sectional study which aimed to verify and establish a diagnostic threshold for a group of salivary biomarkers (MMP-8, HNP1-3, S100A8 and LL-37) and to test the validity of the diagnostic utility of these biomarkers. A total of 133 unstimulated saliva samples (46 with chronic periodontitis, 38 with aggressive periodontitis and 49 with gingivitis) were analysed by ELISA. In addition multiple markers were combined to give a single combined cut off point by normalising each biomarker to percentage of cut-off point value, (such that x + y = combined cut off point). These pre-determined cut-off points were applied to salivary AMPs levels in an independent cohort originally collected to investigate the effects of diabetes on periodontitis. To investigate prognostic potential a total of 66 participants were recruited to a longitudinal intervention study of patients with moderate–severe Chronic Periodontitis. 53 subjects completed the protocol and were included in the final analysis. Subjects (28 male, 25 female) age range (23-65 years) with were recruited, with 14 smokers and 3 with type II diabetes, and saliva and serum samples were collected prior to periodontal examination. Patients were then given a course of non-surgical periodontal therapy over 2 visits. 8-10 weeks post-operatively saliva/serum sampling and clinical examination were repeated. Salivary MMP-8, S100A8 and HNP1-3 concentrations were all determined by ELISAs. In addition we measured serum levels of CRP and Interleukin 6. Results: In the cross-sectional study the HNP1-3 and S100A8 could differentiate between gingivitis and chronic periodontitis with high specificity (around 90%) and around 75% sensitivity compared to MMP-8 which was able to discriminate between gingivitis and periodontitis (chronic and aggressive) with both high 3 specificity and sensitivity. LL37 showed no significant diagnostic potential. Within the independent cohort the application of pre-determined thresholds, either individual or combined cut-offs, were able to detect periodontitis with specificity of between 75 – 85 % but with very low sensitivity. In addition diabetic status was found to result in significantly increased MMP-8 and S100A8 concentrations in subjects with periodontal disease. In the intervention study, treatment resulted in reductions in the mean: a) number of deep sites (>4mm) (33.57 ± 20.75 vs 18.51 ± 13.87; mean ± SD, p<0.0001); b) probing pocket depths (5.92 ± 0.47 mm vs 4.74 ± 0.76 mm, p<0.0001); c) bleeding index (0.32 ± 0.20 vs 0.21 ± 0.16, p<0.0001); d) plaque index (0.46 ± 0.20 vs 0.37 ± 0.18, p=0.0003). Only the mean concentrations of MMP-8 and S100A8 showed significant reductions post-treatment (MMP-8: 355.4 ± 319.9 ng/ml vs 216.6 ± 217.2 ng/ml, p<0.0001), (S100A8: 1182 ± 1095 ng/ml vs 693.9 ± 719.6 ng/ml, p=0.0007). Only the change in concentrations of MMP-8 were strongly associated with magnitude of treatment response (MMP-8: r2= 0.1, p=0.02). In addition, the baseline levels of MMP-8 & S100A8 were also associated with treatment response (MMP-8: r2= 0.1, p=0.03; S100A8: r2=0.1, p=0.02). Overall, there were 13 out of 53 participants who did not respond to the treatment (24.5% of cases). MMP-8 baseline concentrations were significantly higher in responders (419.3 ± 343.1 ng/ml) than non-responders (158.8 ± 73.3 ng/ml) (p=0.009). MMP-8 concentrations at baseline that were above the cut-off (<182.8 ng/ml) predicted a good response to periodontal treatment with 77% sensitivity and 70% specificity. There was no effect of the single round of non-surgical periodontal treatment on the levels of systemic markers CRP & IL-6, and also there was no correlation between local and systemic markers. Conclusion: These results of both studies suggest that MMP-8, HNP1-3 and S100A8 may be useful to identify cases of periodontitis with good specificity and moderate sensitivity and may give superior results when combined. In addition the salivary MMP-8 and S100A8 showed promising periodontal prognostic ability to detect the likelihood of a good response to treatment, with MMP-8 showed the best results with moderate sensitivity and specificity. However, further validation studies would be useful in larger, non-diabetic cohorts.
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Chan, Chi-chun. "Periodontal risk spider-web periodontal assessment in Hong Kong Chinese." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B37666319.
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Moreira, Maria Mônica Studart Mendes [UNESP]. "Comparação entre o periodontal screening and recording e parâmetros clínicos e radiográficos associados às doenças periodontais." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/104753.
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moreira_mmsm_dr_arafo.pdf: 363537 bytes, checksum: 63c6ed9a8b9ecded120506264d2ecbb4 (MD5)<br>Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)<br>O diagnóstico precoce das doenças periodontais é fundamental para a identificação da doença nos estágios iniciais. Com o intuito de incentivar o exame periodontal, uma nova metodologia, o Periodontal Screening and Recording (PSR) foi desenvolvida nos Estados Unidos, com o apoio da Academia Americana de Peridontologia e da Associação Dentária Americana. Este estudo foi realizado para analisar a relação entre o PSR e os principais parâmetros associados à patologia periodontal: sangramento à sondagem, presença de fatores retentivos de placa, profundidade de sondagem, recessão gengival, mobilidade dentária, envolvimento de furca, presença de placa bacteriana e perda óssea visível radiograficamente e também para comparar os dados obtidos entre o PSR e o exame convencional. 50 adolescentes com idade entre 15 a 19 anos e 50 indivíduos na faixa etária de 35 a 44 anos foram examinados clinicamente através da aplicação de índices que verificam a presença destes parâmetros e radiograficamente através das técnicas periapical e interproximal. Os resultados indicaram haver existência de uma associação significativa entre os códigos do PSR e os parâmetros clínicos e radiográficos, pois quanto maior o código do PSR, maior a probabilidade do dente apresentar um dos sinais citados acima. A comparação entre o método simplificado e o convencional mostrou haver concordância moderada e o autor conclui que o PSR deve ser usado, não como um instrumento para substituir o exame convencional e determinar o diagnóstico periodontal, mas como um exame simplificado capaz de verificar sinais associados às doenças periodontais.<br>The early diagnosis of periodontal pathologies is essential to identify diseases in initial stages. In order to promote periodontal examination, a new methodology, the Periodontal Screening and Recording (PSR) was developed in the USA, supported by American Academy of Periodontology and American Dental Association. This study was conducted to analyses the relationship between PSR and the main parameters related to periodontal diseases: bleeding on probing, presence of plaque retentive factors, probing depth, gingival recession, dental mobility, furcation involvement, presence of bacterial plaque and bone loss identified by radiograph and also to compare the data obtained with PSR and the conventional method. Fifty adolescents aging from 15 to 19 years old and fifty subjects aging from 35 to 44 years old were examined clinically through application of indices which verify the presence of those parameters and radiographically through periapical and bitewing techniques. The results indicated existence of a significant association between PSR codes and radiographic and clinical parameters, because the higher the PSR code, the bigger the probability of a tooth having one of the signs mentioned above. The comparison between the simplified and the conventional method of examination revealed moderate concordance, and the author concludes that PSR must be used, not as a tool to substitute conventional examination and determine periodontal diagnosis, but as a simplified examination able to identify signs related to periodontal disease.
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Pontarolli, Kamille Barbosa. "Relação entre doença periodontal induzida e seus efeitos sobre a prenhez : estudo experimental em ratas." [s.n.], 2007. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/289996.
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Orientadores: Sergio de Toledo, Antonio W. Sallum<br>Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba<br>Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-09T01:24:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
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Previous issue date: 2007<br>Resumo: A infecção periodontal atua como um reservatório de microrganismos gram-negativos anaeróbicos, lipopolissacarídeos e mediadores inflamatórios como a PGE2 e o TNF-a. Estes mediadores atuam também no trabalho de parto. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar, em ratas, a relação entre a doença periodontal induzida e seus efeitos sobre a prenhez. Para isto foram utilizadas ratas Wistar divididas em três grupos: o grupo prenhez (PR) (n=16); o grupo prenhez + doença periodontal (PRDP) (n=21) e o grupo doença periodontal (DP) (n=09). A indução da doença periodontal foi feita com ligaduras de fio de algodão colocadas em 06 molares, 60 dias antes da indução à reprodução. As fêmeas adultas foram sacrificadas após os nascimentos das proles para análise da evolução da doença periodontal entre os diferentes grupos de pesquisa, através de histometria das furcas dos primeiros molares inferiores. O resultado da histometria demonstrou que ambos os grupos com doença periodontal induzida, apresentaram maior perda óssea em relação ao grupo não doente (PRDP: 191,6 ± 72,99; DP: 148,7 ± 44,37; PR: 53,05 ± 12,86; p<0.0001). Não houve diferença entre os grupos com relação ao tempo de gestação (PR: 23,12 ± 0,88; PRDP: 22,61 ± 0,86 dias). Não houve diferença no peso de filhotes vivos entre os grupos (PR: 6,20g ± 0,48; PRDP: 6,10g ± 0,44; p=0.5404). Foi identificada significância estatística entre o peso dos filhotes não-viáveis de ratas saudáveis (PR: 6,34g ± 0,41) e de ratas doentes (PRDP: 4,96g ± 0,52; p=0.0062). De acordo com o presente estudo, a doença periodontal experimental em ratas associou-se à embrioletalidade e restrição do crescimento fetal<br>Abstract: The periodontal infection is a reserve of gram-negative anaerobic microrganisms, lipopolysaccharidaes and inflammatory mediators like the PGE2 and the TNF-a. These mediators also act in the childbirth. The aim of this study was to evaluate, in female rats, the relationship between the induced periodontal disease and your effects on pregnancy. To this, Wistar rats were divided in three groups: the pregnancy group (PR) (n=16); the pregnancy + periodontal disease group (PRDP) (n=21) and the periodontal disease group (DP) (n=09). The induction of the periodontal disease was made by cotton ligatures around 06 molar teeth, 60 days before the reproduction induction. Additionally, the adult females were sacrificed after the births of offsprings to analyse the evolution of the periodontal disease between the different groups of research, through histometric of furcation area of the first molars inferiors. On histometric procedure, both groups with induced periodontal disease showed a increased bone loss when compared with no-disease group (PRDP: 191,6 ± 72,99; DP: 148,7 ± 44,37; PR: 53,05 ± 12,86; p<0.0001). It was not found difference between groups with relation to pregnancy time (PR: 23,12 ± 0,88; PRDP: 22,61 ± 0,86 days). It was not found differences between the average of the weight of livings puppies between groups (PR: 6,20g ± 0,48; PRDP: 6,10g ± 0,44; p=0.5404). It was identified significance statistic between stillborn puppies of healthful rats (PR: 6,34g ± 0,41) and sick rats (PRDP: 4,96 ± 0,52; p=0.0062). In agreement with this study, the experimental periodontal disease in rats could be associated with the embryolethality and fetal growth restriction<br>Mestrado<br>Periodontia<br>Mestre em Clínica Odontológica
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Irani, Dilshad Minocher. "Role of the surface associated material of Eikenella corrodens in bone resorption associated with periodontal disease : a research thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Dentistry." Title page, contents and summary only, 1998. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09DSM/09dsmi65.pdf.
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Forte, Lilibeth Ferraz de Brito Penna [UNESP]. "Influência da ovariectomia associada à dieta deficiente em cálcio na periodontite experimental." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/104564.
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forte_lfbp_dr_sjc.pdf: 3420418 bytes, checksum: f685f519c07d1d05a09ab4c8189add5e (MD5)<br>Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)<br>Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)<br>A deficiência de estrógeno e de cálcio na dieta são condições que potencialmente causam alterações no osso alveolar e como consequência podem agravar a doença periodontal. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a influência da deficiência estrogênica, associada ou não à dieta deficiente em cálcio, sobre a perda óssea, a atividade de osteoclastos e os marcadores teciduais de remodelação óssea, na doença periodontal induzida em ratas. Foram utilizadas 96 ratas, aos 90 dias de idade, das quais 64 foram submetidas à ovariectomia e 32 à falsa-ovariectomia (Sham). Das 64 ratas ovariectomizadas, 32 receberam dieta comercial padrão (OVZ) e as outras receberam dieta deficiente em cálcio (OVZ’). Em todas as ratas, 60 dias após a cirurgia, foi induzida doença periodontal por meio da colocação de ligadura ao redor do primeiro molar inferior esquerdo. Com 3, 7, 14 e 30 dias após a inserção das ligaduras, efetuou-se a eutanásia. As hemi-mandíbulas esquerdas foram desmineralizadas e processadas para a obtenção de cortes microscópicos. Os cortes corados por H.E. foram analisados qualitativamente e quantitativamente por histomorfometria, utilizando-se planimetria por contagem de pontos, com o auxilio do programa Image J. Foi realizada reação enzimoistoquímica para marcação da fosfatase ácida tartarato resistente (TRAP) e reação imunoistoquímica para marcação do receptor ativador de NF-kappa B (RANK), de seu ligante (RANKL) e de osteoprotegerina (OPG). Os dados obtidos foram analisados estatisticamente por meio do teste de Mann-Whitney. Os resultados mostraram que o grupo Sham apresentou maior quantidade de matriz óssea e menor quantidade de marcação de células TRAP+ comparado com o grupo OVZ. Entretanto, o grupo OVZ apresentou menor quantidade de matriz óssea e marcação similar de células TRAP+ comparado ao grupo OVZ’. Em relação aos marcadores...<br>Estrogen and dietary calcium deficiencies are conditions that potentially lead to alveolar bone alterations and might consequently worsen periodontal disease. The aims of the present study were to evaluate estrogen deficiency associated or not to dietary calcium deficiency over bone loss and to evaluate the activity of osteoclasts and bone remodeling tissue markers on induced periodontal disease in rats. Ninety six rats aging 90 days were used in the present study, being 64 submitted to ovariectomy and 32 to sham-ovariectomy (Sham). Thirty-two rats from the ovariectomized group received standard diet (OVZ), while the rest received calcium deficient diet (OVZ’). Periodontal disease was induced 60 days after the surgery in all rats by placing a ligature surrounding the first mandibular left molar. Euthanasia was performed 3, 7, 14 and 30 days after ligature placement. Left hemi-mandibles were demineralized and processed for obtaining the microscopic slices. HE stained slices were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed by histomorphometry using a point-counting planimetry, and the Image J software. Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) was marked by enzyme histochemistry, while factor NF-Kappa B receptor activator (RANK), its ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) were marked by immunohistochemistry. Obtained data were submitted to statistical analysis by Mann-Whitney test. The results revealed that Sham group presented greater bone matrix quantity and lower TRAP+ cell in comparison to OVZ group. However, OVZ group presented lower bone matrix quantity and similar TRAP+ cells as OVZ’ group. Regarding bone remodeling markers, Sham group presented the greatest marking index for OPG and RANKL, being the RANK quantity similar to OVZ group. The OVZ’ group presented higher marking indices for RANK and similar levels of OPG and RANKL in comparison to OVZ. It was concluded that... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Leung, Wai Keung. "Effects of Treponema denticola on an oral epithelial cell model." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape17/PQDD_0009/NQ34575.pdf.
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Oliveira, Christiane Peres Caldas Barony de. "Comparação dos parâmetros periodontais com a condição sistêmica de pacientes em hemodiálise." Universidade de Taubaté, 2008. http://www.bdtd.unitau.br/tedesimplificado/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=462.
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Este estudo transversal teve o objetivo de correlacionar as condições periodontais de pacientes renais crônicos em tratamento de hemodiálise (HD), com suas condições sistêmicas observadas em exames laboratoriais. O presente trabalho foi realizado na Clínica de Nefrologia de Rondônia NEFRON - localizada na cidade de Porto Velho Rondônia. Foram analisados os prontuários dos pacientes para a obtenção dos resultados de exames laboratoriais, como uréia (UR) pré e pós-diálise, creatinina (CREA), cálcio (Ca++), hormônio paratireoidiano (PTH) e fosfatase alcalina (FA). Realizou-se exame clínico periodontal, avaliando: índice de placa (IP), índice
gengival (IG), profundidade a sondagem (PS), nível de inserção clinica (NIC) em 79 pacientes. Após o tratamento estatístico com os testes t de Student e de Mann Whitney verificou-se que o IG foi maior nos indivíduos com UR pré-normal (p = 0,0124), e houve uma diferença significante de NIC com o PTH alterado (p = 0,0388). Com relação às variáveis avaliadas observou-se que não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa entre elas. As condições periodontais encontradas nos pacientes demonstrou um perfil inflamatório leve, observado por meio do IG; o IP demonstrou uma população com moderado acúmulo de biofilme dental, mas com profundidade de sondagem média de 1,86 mm, e NIC de 2,45 mm. IG e IP foram maiores no grupo de pacientes com valores de exames laboratoriais dentro dos padrões de normalidade, mas sem diferenças estatisticamente significativas, o que demonstra serem fatores apenas locais na determinação das condições periodontais encontradas, não alterando as condições sistêmicas. A FA utilizada como marcador ósseo, apresentou valores mais elevados em pacientes com NIC > 2 mm mas sem diferença estatisticamente significante. Concluiu-se que neste grupo de pacientes as condições que caracterizam a doença renal crônica não influenciaram na condição periodontal de indivíduos submetidos ao tratamento de hemodiálise.<br>This transversal study whose the central hang was collect dates from periodontal conditions of patients with chronic renal disease undergoing on hemodialysis treatment (HD) with their systemic conditions observed on laboratorial exams. The present work was realizes on Nephrology Clinic of Rondônia NEFRON localized at Porto Velho city - Rondônia. It was accessed the handbooks from all patients to obtain the results of laboratorial exams, like urea (UR) before and after dialysis treatment, creatinin (CREA), calcium (Ca++), parathyroid hormone (PTH) and alkaline phosphatase (AP). It was realized clinical periodontal exam evaluating: plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), depth on probing (DP), clinical attachment loss (CAL), on 79 patients. After the statistic treatment with tests t-Student and Mann Whitney, we observed that GI was higher in patients with normal UR before-dialysis (p = 0,0124), and occurred a significative difference of CAL with altered PTH (p = 0,0388). In relation of the evaluated parameters, it was observed no difference statistically significative between them. The periodontal conditions found in these patients demonstrated light inflammatory status, observed in GI. PI showed a group with moderate accumulation of dental biofilm, but with 1,86 mm of medium DP, and 2,45 mm of CAL. GI and PI were higher in patients group with normal values of laboratorial exams, but with no difference statistically significative, proving being only local factors on determination of periodontal conditions found, dont altering the systemic conditions. The AP, used as bone marker, presented higher values in patients with CAL > 2 mm but with no difference statistically significative. It was possible to conclude that in this group of patients the conditions that characterize the chronic renal disease dont influence on periodontal status of patients undergoing on hemodialysis treatment.
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Shub, Alexis. "Periodontal disease and adverse pregnancy outcomes." University of Western Australia. School of Women's and Infants' Health, 2007. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2007.0184.
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[Truncated abstract] Periodontal disease is a common and underdiagnosed disease in humans that may have adverse effects on pregnancy outcomes. The aim of this thesis was to investigate the effects of periodontal disease in pregnancy by means of two observational human studies and the development of animal models of fetal and uterine exposure to periodontopathic bacteria and lipopolysaccharide. I performed a prospective study examining the rates of preterm birth, small for gestational age neonates and neonatal inflammation in 277 women who had undergone a detailed antenatal periodontal examination and oral health questionnaire. Periodontal disease was associated with small for gestational age neonates, and increased CRP levels in umbilical cord blood, but no effect was seen on the rate of preterm birth. Maternal oral health symptoms predicted both periodontal disease and newborn biometry. In a retrospective case control study, I examined the role of periodontal disease in perinatal mortality. Participants included 53 women who had experienced a perinatal loss for which no cause could be found after thorough investigation, and 111 control women. Women who had experienced a perinatal loss were more than twice as likely as controls to have periodontal disease. The incidence of periodontal disease was even higher in women in whom the perinatal loss was due to extreme prematurity. In contrast to my prospective study, risks to the pregnancy could not be predicted by maternal oral health behaviours or oral health symptoms. In order to better understand the mechanisms regulating the associations described in the human studies, two animal models were developed; one to investigate acute exposure and the second to investigate long-term exposure to periodontal pathogens. The first study examined the effects of administration of a bolus of periodontopathic bacteria and lipopolysaccharide to the pregnant sheep. Injection of bacteria and lipopolysaccharide in the amniotic fluid of the pregnant preterm sheep caused a high rate of fetal lethality, disturbance of fetal acid base status and inflammation of the fetus and membranes. Given the circumstances of exposure to periodontopathic pathogens in human periodontal disease, a model investigating long-term exposure to periodontopathic lipopolysaccharide on pregnancy outcomes was developed. ... Overall, I have demonstrated that maternal periodontal disease is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes including fetal growth restriction and possibly perinatal loss. Mechanisms regulating these effects are likely to be mediated by fetal adaptations to intrauterine inflammation resulting in altered fetal development, growth or survival. Randomised controlled trials that are currently in progress will provide further information on the effects of periodontal disease in human pregnancy, and the efficacy of treatment to reduce these adverse outcomes.
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Hang, Thi Thu Le Sutthi Jareinpituk. "Maternal periodontal disease and preterm birth /." Abstract, 2007. http://mulinet3.li.mahidol.ac.th/thesis/2550/cd401/4737317.pdf.
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Yu, Wendy Hsiao-Wen. "Advanced Glycation Endproducts In Periodontal Disease." Thesis, Faculty of Dentistry, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/4240.
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Moreira, Maria Mônica Studart Mendes. "Comparação entre o periodontal screening and recording e parâmetros clínicos e radiográficos associados às doenças periodontais /." Araraquara : [s.n.], 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/104753.
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Resumo: O diagnóstico precoce das doenças periodontais é fundamental para a identificação da doença nos estágios iniciais. Com o intuito de incentivar o exame periodontal, uma nova metodologia, o Periodontal Screening and Recording (PSR) foi desenvolvida nos Estados Unidos, com o apoio da Academia Americana de Peridontologia e da Associação Dentária Americana. Este estudo foi realizado para analisar a relação entre o PSR e os principais parâmetros associados à patologia periodontal: sangramento à sondagem, presença de fatores retentivos de placa, profundidade de sondagem, recessão gengival, mobilidade dentária, envolvimento de furca, presença de placa bacteriana e perda óssea visível radiograficamente e também para comparar os dados obtidos entre o PSR e o exame convencional. 50 adolescentes com idade entre 15 a 19 anos e 50 indivíduos na faixa etária de 35 a 44 anos foram examinados clinicamente através da aplicação de índices que verificam a presença destes parâmetros e radiograficamente através das técnicas periapical e interproximal. Os resultados indicaram haver existência de uma associação significativa entre os códigos do PSR e os parâmetros clínicos e radiográficos, pois quanto maior o código do PSR, maior a probabilidade do dente apresentar um dos sinais citados acima. A comparação entre o método simplificado e o convencional mostrou haver concordância moderada e o autor conclui que o PSR deve ser usado, não como um instrumento para substituir o exame convencional e determinar o diagnóstico periodontal, mas como um exame simplificado capaz de verificar sinais associados às doenças periodontais.<br>Abstract: The early diagnosis of periodontal pathologies is essential to identify diseases in initial stages. In order to promote periodontal examination, a new methodology, the Periodontal Screening and Recording (PSR) was developed in the USA, supported by American Academy of Periodontology and American Dental Association. This study was conducted to analyses the relationship between PSR and the main parameters related to periodontal diseases: bleeding on probing, presence of plaque retentive factors, probing depth, gingival recession, dental mobility, furcation involvement, presence of bacterial plaque and bone loss identified by radiograph and also to compare the data obtained with PSR and the conventional method. Fifty adolescents aging from 15 to 19 years old and fifty subjects aging from 35 to 44 years old were examined clinically through application of indices which verify the presence of those parameters and radiographically through periapical and bitewing techniques. The results indicated existence of a significant association between PSR codes and radiographic and clinical parameters, because the higher the PSR code, the bigger the probability of a tooth having one of the signs mentioned above. The comparison between the simplified and the conventional method of examination revealed moderate concordance, and the author concludes that PSR must be used, not as a tool to substitute conventional examination and determine periodontal diagnosis, but as a simplified examination able to identify signs related to periodontal disease.<br>Orientador: Benedicto Egbert Corrêa de Toledo<br>Coorientador: Ercília Leal Dini<br>Banca: Carlos Rossa Júnior<br>Banca: Andréia Affonso Barretto Montandon Pompeu<br>Banca: Gisela Estela Rapp<br>Banca: Lili Luschke Bammann<br>Doutor
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Mak, Yun-lok Raymond. "Profile changes of putative periodontal pathogens after non-surgical periodontal treatment." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2002. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31954236.
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Mak, Yun-lok Raymond, and 麥潤樂. "Profile changes of putative periodontal pathogens after non-surgical periodontal treatment." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31954236.
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Gully, Neville. "Studies on the growth and metabolism of Eikenella corrodens /." Title page, summary and table of contents only, 2000. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phg973.pdf.
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Ye, Ping. "Autoimmunity in chronic periodontitis." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/4256.
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Profound perturbation of epithelial structure is a characteristic feature of the immunopatholoical response to bacterial antigens considered to be central in the pathogenesis of the destructive lesion of periodontitis. The pathological basis for the disturbance of epithelial structure is not understood. It was demonstrated that the structural integrity and functional differentiation of the lining epithelium is compromised in relation to inflammatory changes associated with destructive periodontitis. In the pathological lining epithelium of the periodontal pocket there was a marked reduction of epithelial cadherin important in intercellular adhesion, of involucrin, a marker of terminal differentiation, and of the gap junction connexions that form intercellular communication channels. These changes were associated with alterations of filamentous actin expression, collectively indicating profound perturbation of epithelial structure. The data reported support the concept that the ability of the pathological lining epithelium to function as an effective barrier against the ingress of microbial products into the tissues is severely compromised (Ye et al., 2000). In addition, a recent study (Ye et al., 2003) by Western analysis of serum IgG from all 22 patients with chronic periodontitis tested indicated recognition of multiple epithelial components in individual patterns. In contrast, subjects with a healthy periodontium displayed only trace recognition of epithelial antigens. Levels of epithelial-reactive antibodies were significantly correlated with attachment loss as an indication of disease activity. To investigate a possible relationship between the bacterial flora adjacent to the diseased sites and the presence of epithelial-reactive antibodies, subgingival plague samples were taken from deep periodontal pockets and cultured anaerobically. Gram positive bacteria containing antigens potentially cross-reactive with epithelial cells were reproducibly isolated by probing membrane colony lifts with affinity-isolated (epitheial-specific) antibodies. The bacteria were identified as streptococci (S. mitis, S. constellatus and two S. intermedius strains) and Actinomyces (A. georgiae, and A. sp. oral clone) by 16S rDNA sequence homology. Recognition by affinity-isolated antibodies of antigens from the captured organisms was confirmed by Western analysis. Conversely, absorption of affinity-isolated antibodies with bacterial species specifically reduced subsequent recognition of epithelial antigens. To identify the auto-antigens, a human keratinocyte cDNA expression library in Lambda phage was probed using a pooled sera. Groups of responders were detected for CD24 (a recently described adhesion molecule also known as P-selectin ligand), antioxidant protein 2 (a newly recognised member of the thiol-dependment anti-oxidant proteins), lavtate dehydrogenase A, the transcription factor NFAT5, and for three genes encoding novel proteins. Six identified bacteria, especially S intermedius were demonstrated to absorb antibodies reaching with identified auto-antigens in patterns varying between individuals. This evidence indicated that during the course of periodontits, subjects develop increased levels of antibodies to common oral bacteria amongst which are included tissue cross-reactive antigens. Periodontitis could therefore present a risk for the subsequent initiation or exacerbation of a broad spectrum of disease processes including autoimmune, inflammatory, proliferative and degenerative disorders.
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Ye, Ping. "Autoimmunity in chronic periodontitis." University of Sydney, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/4256.
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Doctor of Philosophy<br>Profound perturbation of epithelial structure is a characteristic feature of the immunopatholoical response to bacterial antigens considered to be central in the pathogenesis of the destructive lesion of periodontitis. The pathological basis for the disturbance of epithelial structure is not understood. It was demonstrated that the structural integrity and functional differentiation of the lining epithelium is compromised in relation to inflammatory changes associated with destructive periodontitis. In the pathological lining epithelium of the periodontal pocket there was a marked reduction of epithelial cadherin important in intercellular adhesion, of involucrin, a marker of terminal differentiation, and of the gap junction connexions that form intercellular communication channels. These changes were associated with alterations of filamentous actin expression, collectively indicating profound perturbation of epithelial structure. The data reported support the concept that the ability of the pathological lining epithelium to function as an effective barrier against the ingress of microbial products into the tissues is severely compromised (Ye et al., 2000). In addition, a recent study (Ye et al., 2003) by Western analysis of serum IgG from all 22 patients with chronic periodontitis tested indicated recognition of multiple epithelial components in individual patterns. In contrast, subjects with a healthy periodontium displayed only trace recognition of epithelial antigens. Levels of epithelial-reactive antibodies were significantly correlated with attachment loss as an indication of disease activity. To investigate a possible relationship between the bacterial flora adjacent to the diseased sites and the presence of epithelial-reactive antibodies, subgingival plague samples were taken from deep periodontal pockets and cultured anaerobically. Gram positive bacteria containing antigens potentially cross-reactive with epithelial cells were reproducibly isolated by probing membrane colony lifts with affinity-isolated (epitheial-specific) antibodies. The bacteria were identified as streptococci (S. mitis, S. constellatus and two S. intermedius strains) and Actinomyces (A. georgiae, and A. sp. oral clone) by 16S rDNA sequence homology. Recognition by affinity-isolated antibodies of antigens from the captured organisms was confirmed by Western analysis. Conversely, absorption of affinity-isolated antibodies with bacterial species specifically reduced subsequent recognition of epithelial antigens. To identify the auto-antigens, a human keratinocyte cDNA expression library in Lambda phage was probed using a pooled sera. Groups of responders were detected for CD24 (a recently described adhesion molecule also known as P-selectin ligand), antioxidant protein 2 (a newly recognised member of the thiol-dependment anti-oxidant proteins), lavtate dehydrogenase A, the transcription factor NFAT5, and for three genes encoding novel proteins. Six identified bacteria, especially S intermedius were demonstrated to absorb antibodies reaching with identified auto-antigens in patterns varying between individuals. This evidence indicated that during the course of periodontits, subjects develop increased levels of antibodies to common oral bacteria amongst which are included tissue cross-reactive antigens. Periodontitis could therefore present a risk for the subsequent initiation or exacerbation of a broad spectrum of disease processes including autoimmune, inflammatory, proliferative and degenerative disorders.
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Chan, Chi-chun, and 陳之駿. "Periodontal risk spider-web periodontal assessment in Hong Kong Chinese." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B37666319.
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Barr, Agholme Monica. "Periodontal disease in adolescents with Down syndrome /." Stockholm, 1999. http://diss.kib.ki.se/1999/91-628-3391X/.
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Abukhres, Omar Mohamed Omar. "Microaerophilic gram-negative rods in periodontal disease." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.320280.
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Hendler, Assi. "The link between autoimmunity and periodontal disease." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2012. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/3344.
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The primary etiologic factor of periodontitis is bacterial plaque biofilm. Nevertheless, the factors that determine the progression of periodontitis are complex and poorly understood. Hence, the potential involvement of autoimmunity in the pathogenesis of periodontitis has been considered intermittently for years. The basic hypothesis for this PhD was that autoimmunity to native and/or posttranslationally modified periodontal extracellular matrix proteins is involved in the progression of periodontitis. Objectives The main objective of the study was to extend the understanding of periodontal disease pathogenesis beyond the common bacterial etiology and to address the hypothesis that periodontal disease is an auto-immune disease. This research will try to identify the exact neoepitope. Specific aims (i). To investigate the involvement of autoimmune reactivity towards native collagen type I (CI) and collagen type III (CIII), as well as CI and CIII posttranslationally modified by reactive oxygen specious (ROS) known to present in the inflamed tissue, ROS-CI and ROS-CIII, respectively. (ii). Develop human antibody fragment(s) specific to CI, ROS-CI, CIII and ROSCIII for diagnostic application. Methods Modification of CI or CIII was confirmed by SGS-PAGE, Capillary Electrophoresis and 3D-fluorescence. The presence of autoantibodies to ROS-CI and ROS-CIII in sera and saliva were then studied by ELISA and Western blotting using sera and saliva from individuals with Aggressive Periodontitis (AgP), Chronic Periodontitis (CP) and Gingivitis (G). Antibodies specific to ROS-CI and ROS-CIII were developed using phage display semi-synthetic human single chain fragment variable (scFv) libraries. Results Autoantibodies to native CI, native CIII, ROS-CI and ROS-CIII were observed exclusively in patients with AgP. Human antibody fragments specific to native and ROS-CI were developed and evaluated. Conclusions A. Autoimmune reactions to native and post-translationally modified self antigens may play a role specifically in the pathogenesis of AgP. B. Anti-ROS scFv specific to ROS-CI and ROS-CIII may have diagnostic future applications.
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Leow, Natalie M. "The relationship between cotinine and periodontal disease." Thesis, Faculty of Dentistry, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/4291.
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Kaufman, DeAnn L. "An analysis of periodontal therapy practices by Wausau, Wisconsin area dental hygienists." Online version, 2008. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2008/2008kaufmand.pdf.
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Deschene, Joseph. "Examining periodontal disease as a possible risk factor for Alzheimer's disease." Thesis, Boston University, 2012. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/31534.
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Thesis (M.A.)--Boston University<br>PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis or dissertation. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you.<br>Studies have revealed an association between periodontal disease and a number of systemic diseases, including atherosclerosis and diabetes. These findings may help physicians identify correctable causes of disease early in the course of progression or prevent disease onset entirely. As the number of possible systemic diseases associated with oral infection is being explored and expanded, cognitive impairment associated with dementia has been added to the list as a possible end organ target. This paper examines the available research focused on exploring this potential link between Alzheimer's disease and periodontal disease.
Alzheimer's disease and periodontal disease are both major public health concerns that most commonly affect the elderly population. Recently, several cross-sectional studies have investigated the oral health status of individuals with Alzheimer's disease, finding that often these individuals are not able to take care of their own oral needs. This has alerted healthcare professionals and caretakers to the need for more focused attention to oral health in this population.
Conversely, a small number of studies have also set out to investigate the role of pre-existing poor oral health in the development of Alzheimer's disease. The mechanisms and evidence recently published on this possible bi-directional link are reviewed in this paper. The central focus is on the role of inflammation in the central nervous system of patients with Alzheimer's disease. It is believed that chronic diseases, such as periodontal disease, can cause systemic inflammation by directly introducing bacterial pathogens, toxins, and other inflammation inducing substances into the bloodstream.
Some of these studies have used detection methods to determine the presence of oral pathogens in distant body parts, including the brain. Several bacteria identified in these sites are major periodontal pathogens, which have also been linked to other systemic diseases such as atherosclerosis. Other studies have focused their research on the detection of inflammatory markers and endotoxins associated with pathogens involved in oral infection. Some studies have also indicated a significant correlation between lifetime tooth loss and impaired cognition later in life.
Future research must continue to examine how periodontal pathogens and inflammation contribute to the pathology in AD, and whether the two diseases merely share common risk factors or are interrelated. Potential confounders including viral infections, head injury, low socioeconomic status, malnutrition and genetic inflammatory susceptibility must also be controlled for ill order for the results to be more conclusive While there is evidence indicating that a bidirectional link may exist between AD and periodontal disease, at this point there is still not enough evidence to establish this conclusively. Still, the studies presented here do serve as an important foundation for future research; such as randomized-controlled intervention trials with long term followup that would help elucidate causation. The results of these preliminary investigations are certainly promising enough to warrant these future studies to determine if preventative oral health measures could potentially reduce the risk of developing AD.<br>2031-01-01
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Wagner, Michael. "Periotestwerte und Okklusion im gesunden Gebiss." Tübingen : Aus der Abteilung Poliklinik für Zahnärztliche Chirurgie und Parodontologie des Zentrums für Zahn-, Mund- und Kieferheilkunde der Universität Tübingen, 1988. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/39329690.html.
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Sardi, Janaina de Cassia Orlandi. "Análise genética e dos fatores de virulência de isolados clínicos de Candida albicans de pacientes com periodontite crônica portadores de diabetes mellitus tipo II." [s.n.], 2010. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/288639.
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Orientadores: Reginaldo Bruno Gonçalves, Cristiane Duque<br>Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba<br>Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-16T07:13:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
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Previous issue date: 2010<br>Resumo: Candida spp. são leveduras comensais que habitam diferentes sítios da cavidade bucal. Em indivíduos saudáveis, sem alterações imunológicas, esses microrganismos não causam doença. Entretanto, diante de condições imunossupressoras, essas leveduras podem se tornar mais virulentas e expressar patogenicidade. Espécies de Candida apresentam diversos fatores de virulência, incluindo mecanismos de adesão e invasão celular associado à produção de enzimas que auxiliam na degradação tecidual e facilitam sua proliferação na mucosa bucal. Estudos têm demonstrado a presença de Candida sp. em sítios periodontais de pacientes com periodontite crônica, principalmente quando estes são imunologicamente comprometidos. Entretanto, ainda é desconhecido o papel desses microrganismos na patogênese da doença periodontal. Os objetivos do presente trabalho foram: 1) identificar a presença de espécies de Candida e periodontopatógenos por PCR em sítios bucais de pacientes diabéticos ou não com periodontite crônica; 2) isolar cepas de Candida albicans desses pacientes e avaliá-las quanto à atividade das enzimas proteinase, fosfolipase e hemolisina e os graus de hidrofobicidade da superfície celular, sob diferentes condições atmosféricas, além de realizar a análise genotípica desses isolados; 3) avaliar a capacidade de adesão e invasão de cepas de Candida albicans com diferentes graus de hidrofobicidade, em fibroblastos gengivais humanos. As reações de PCR mostraram que os diabéticos tiveram maior prevalência de Candida spp. principalmente C. albicans e C. dubliniensis, e menor freqüência de Tannerella forsythia, quando comparado aos pacientes não diabéticos, para bolsa periodontal e furcas. C. glabrata e C. tropicalis não foram encontradas em sítios periodontais de pacientes não diabéticos. Dos pacientes diabéticos, foram isoladas 128 cepas de C. albicans, das quais 51.6% foram determinadas como genótipo B e 48.4% como genótipo A. As condições ambientais consideradas neste estudo, níveis reduzidos de oxigênio ou anaerobiose, não modificaram o tipo de hemólise realizado pelo microrganismo, sendo que a maioria das cepas foi alfa-hemolítica. Nesses ensaios, 100% das cepas em anaerobiose apresentaram as colônias rugosas, enquanto que em ambiente de oxigênio reduzido, houve variação em relação à morfologia e a maioria delas apresentou colônia lisa. Com relação à atividade de proteinase e fosfolipase, cepas de C. albicans não produziram as enzimas na ausência total de oxigênio. Em ambiente com nível reduzido de oxigênio, a maioria das cepas de C. albicans foram fortemente produtoras de proteinase e a maioria das cepas foi positiva para fosfolipase. A hidrofobicidade foi mais alta na condição de anaerobiose. A partir desses resultados, foram selecionadas 16 cepas com alta ou baixa hidrofobicidade e avaliadas quanto à capacidade de adesão e invasão em fibroblastos gengivais humanos. Foi verificado que ambos os processos foram maiores nas cepas com alta hidrofobicidade. A produção de óxido nítrico foi maior para as cepas mais hidrofóbicas. Os resultados demonstraram que as espécies de Candida podem ser encontradas, em grande proporção, em bolsas periodontais e furcas de pacientes portadores de periodontite crônica, principalmente naqueles acometidos por diabetes mellitus. A maioria das cepas de C. albicans apresentou atividade enzimática, que atuaria diretamente na degradação tecidual. Além disso, a hidrofobicidade das cepas de C. albicans mostrou estar relacionada à maior capacidade de adesão e invasão em fibroblastos. Todos esses fatores de virulência aumentam a patogenicidade da Candida, que poderia colaborar na progressão da doença periodontal, principalmente em pacientes imunodeficientes<br>Abstract: Candida spp. are commensal yeasts that inhabit different sites of the oral cavity. In healthy subjects, without immunological alterations, these microorganisms do not cause disease. However, in immunosuppressive conditions, these yeasts can become more virulent and express pathogenicity. Candida species have different virulence factors, including mechanisms of cell adhesion and invasion associated with the production of enzymes that facilitate tissue degradation and their proliferation in oral mucosa. Studies have shown the presence of Candida spp. in periodontal sites of patients with chronic periodontitis, especially when they are immunologically compromised. However is still unknown their role in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease. The objectives of this study were: 1) to identify the presence of Candida species and putative periodontopathogens by PCR in periodontal sites of diabetic or non-diabetic patients with chronic periodontitis; 2) to isolate strains of Candida albicans in these patients and evaluate the proteinase, phospholipase and haemolysin activities and degrees of cell surface hydrophobicity under different atmospheric conditions, besides to performe the genotypic analysis of these isolates; 3) to evaluate the ability of adhesion and invasion of Candida albicans strains with different degrees of hydrophobicity, in human gingival fibroblasts. The PCR reactions revealed that diabetics had higher prevalence of Candida spp., mainly C. albicans and C. dubliniensis, and lower T. forsythia frequency, when compared to non-diabetic patients, for both periodontal sites. C. glabrata and C. tropicalis were not found in periodontal pockets and furcation sites of non-diabetic patients. From diabetic patients, it was isolated 128 strains of C. albicans and 51.6% were determined as genotype B and 48.4% as genotype A. The atmospheric conditions, reduced oxygen and anaerobiosis, did not change the type of hemolysis, and the most of strains were alpha-hemolytic. From these assays, 100% of the strains under anaerobiosis showed rough colonies, whereas in an environment with reduced oxyen was no change in relation to morphology and most of them had smooth colony. Considering proteinase and phospholipase activities, C. albicans strains did not produce the enzymes in the total absence of oxygen. In reduced oxygen, the majority of C. albicans strains were strong proteinase producers and most strains were positive for phospholipase. Hydrophobicity was higher in anaerobic condition. From these results, 16 hydrophobic or hydrophilic strains were selected and evaluated their ability of adhesion and invasion in human gingival fibroblasts. Both processes were greater in strains with high hydrophobicity. The production of nitric oxide was higher for hydrophobic strains. The results showed that Candida species can be found in large proportion, in periodontal pockets and furcation of patients with chronic periodontitis, especially diabetics. The most of C. albicans strains showed enzymatic activity, which could act directly on tissue degradation. Moreover, the hydrophobicity of C. albicans seems to be related to higher capacity of adhesion and invasion in fibroblasts. All these virulence factors enhance the pathogenicity of Candida that could collaborate for the progression of periodontal disease<br>Doutorado<br>Microbiologia e Imunologia<br>Doutor em Biologia Buco-Dental
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Ren, Lei, and Ph D. 任蕾. "Lipopolysaccharide-binding protein and CD14 in human gingiva." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2005. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31374281.
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Nadeem, Muhammad. "The association between periodontitis and end-stage renal disease." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2006. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_6748_1194349692.
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<p>Patients who are in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) experience a significantly increased rate of atherosclerotic complications. Inflammation plays a central role in the pathogenesis of these complications. The major acute phase protein, C-reactive protein (CRP) has been found to predict all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in ESRD patients. Many patients in ESRD experience elevated CRP levels without an overt infection. Periodontal diseases in the general population have been associated with both an increased prevalence of atherosclerotic complications and an elevation in serum CRP values. The aim of this present study was to investigate whether periodontal disease is associated with increased systemic inflammation reflected by CRP values, in patients with ESRD on maintenance haemodialysis (HD) or perioneal dialysis (PD).</p>
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Ford, Pauline J. "The immunopathology of atherosclerosis : links with periodontal disease /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2005. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe19169.pdf.
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Mazen, Alotaibi Kitab. "Smad2 overexpression and the progression of periodontal disease." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/54077.
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Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease, characterized by destruction of the periodontal attachment apparatus including the alveolar bone. Previous studies have provided evidence for the involvement of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) signaling in periodontitis progression. TGF-β signaling is responsible for a variety of cellular processes including proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. The SMAD2 transcription factor lies at the heart of TGF-β intracellular mediators. Previous authors have reported the effect of Smad2 overexpression on multiple mouse tissues (Ito et al 2001), but did not report the role of Smad2 overexpression on the progression of periodontal disease. We hypothesized that Smad2 overexpression alters apoptosis, cell proliferation, and inflammatory cytokine secretions in the junctional epithelium (JE), leading to periodontal attachment loss. A mouse model that overexpresses Smad2 in epithelial cells driven by the cytokeratin 14 promoter (K14) was used to test the hypotheses. The K14-Smad2 mice findings were compared to those observed in wild type (WT) mice that served as controls. The results of the study showed that Smad2 overexpression reduced the histological surface area of JE when compared to WT mice. The reduction of the JE surface area in K14-Smad2 mice was attributed to an increased apoptotic index and a reduced proliferation rate. The overexpression of Smad2 increased the apoptotic index by down regulating Bcl2, an antiapoptotic molecule. Smad2 overexpression also reduced the proliferation rate of the JE cells in K14-Smad2 mice by upregulating c-Myc, which in turn upregulates phosphorylated retinoblastoma P15, and P27. The overexpression of Smad2 resulted in severe alveolar bone loss in the K14-Smad2 mice when compared to the WT controls. Smad2 overexpression resulted in a reduction in the bone density and bone volume in the K14-Smad2 mice when compared to their WT counterparts. The severe alveolar bone loss in K14-Smad2 mice was attributed to an upregulation in tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) , RANKL and increased osteoclast numbers.
In summary the overexpression of Smad2 reduced the histological surface of JE and resulted in severe bone loss that follows a chronic disease pattern in K14-Smad2 mice.<br>Dentistry, Faculty of<br>Graduate
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Gkranias, N. "Investigation of diabetes mellitus and periodontal disease associations." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2014. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1453380/.
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This thesis had as an overall aim to investigate some of the possible associations between periodontitis and diabetes mellitus. Three areas of investigations were identified: i) clinical/epidemiological ii) genetic/immunological iii) microbiological. 630 outpatients diagnosed with type 1 or type 2 diabetes were included in the first study. The periodontal health of the patients was assessed by means of the Basic Periodontal Examination. For the most advanced cases a full mouth periodontal examination was sought at a later time. The same subjects donated venous blood for genetic analysis. Single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with Interleukin-6, Interleukin-18, Chromosome 9 and FTO (Obesity gene) were analysed. The leukocyte telomere length of the same subjects was also assessed. Associations were found between some of the Interleukin-6 and Interleukin-18 polymorphisms and the presence of severe periodontitis. Also an association of the FTO gene polymorphism was found between severe periodontal disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Furthermore, the leukocyte telomere length of the periodontal patients was found to be significantly shorter that that of the periodontally healthy or gingivitis patients. This may be a manifestation of the systemic inflammatory burden that chronic periodontal disease constitutes. A second group of 40 type 2 diabetic patients that were receiving either subgingival debridement or minimal supragingival debridement as part of an ongoing clinical study were chosen for microbiological assessment by means of pyrosequencing at baseline and 2 months following treatment. The results showed a significant clinical improvement in a subgroup (“good responders”) accompanied with a shift of the subgingival microbial population to one more aerobic and one closer to the microbial population associated in the literature with clinical healthy periodontium. Overall several associations on clinical and genetic level were identified. Further observational and experimental studies are needed to elucidate the nature of these associations.
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Heaton, Brenda. "Predictors and systemic effects of periodontal disease progression." Thesis, Boston University, 2012. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/12418.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Boston University
PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis or dissertation. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you.<br>Periodontal disease is a chronic and inflammatory oral condition, common among adults, with important outcomes such as tooth loss and systemic inflammatory-related events such as coronary heart disease [CHD]. Studies of periodontal disease occurrence permeate the literature; however, longitudinal studies of disease progression are rare. Using data from the Veterans Administration Dental Longitudinal Study and Normative Aging Study we compiled a population of adult men suffering from periodontal disease. Within this population we conducted three prospective cohort studies; two examined the impact of exposures on the progression of disease and one that examined the impact of disease progression on the incidence of CHD events.
In the first study, we estimated the effect of smoking on progression of disease. After restricting the population according to age and periodontal disease status at entry, smokers displayed greater progression of periodontal disease over time than nonsmokers (Difference in slopes: 0.14; 95% CI: 0.05, 0.23) after controlling for heavy alcohol use, body mass index [BMI] and diabetic diagnoses.
The second study estimated the effect of uric acid on progression of periodontal disease. After implementing marginal structural modeling to address the influence of time-varying covariates and adjusting for heavy alcohol use and smoking, we did not observe any effect of high uric acid levels (Difference in slopes: 0.01; 95% CI: -0.003, 0.02).
In the third study, we evaluated the continuous effect of periodontal disease progression on incident CHD events. After restricting the population according to periodontal disease status at entry, incremental increases in periodontal disease were found to be associated with a two-fold increase in risk of CHD events (HR: 1.99; 95% CI: 0.45, 8.83), adjusting for age, SES, BMI, diabetic diagnoses, heavy alcohol use and smoking. This association also appeared to depend on smoking status and heavy alcohol use with smokers and heavy alcohol users observed to have a higher risk of CHD.
The results of the current studies provide initial insight into the possible predictors and effects of periodontal disease progression. Most importantly, they highlight the influence of prevalent cohort biases studies of progression and the unique intricacies of
studying periodontal health over time.
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Murphy, Anthony M. "Chewing-Induced Bacteraemia In Patients With Periodontal Disease." Thesis, Faculty of Dentistry, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/4409.
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Kennedy, Rebekah Storm. "Microbiological and immunological aspects of equine periodontal disease." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2017. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/8064/.
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Periodontal disease is a common and painful condition in the horse. Although awareness of the condition is growing amongst the veterinary profession and horse owners, the presence of the disease is often overlooked and treatment can be difficult. Despite this, there have been few recent studies of the aetiopathogenesis of the condition. Certain species of bacteria may act as periodontal pathogens, stimulating a destructive inflammatory response in periodontal tissues and this has been well recognised as being important to the aetiopathogenesis of the disease in man. However few equine studies on this aspect of the disease have been carried out. The main aims of this study were: - 1) to identify the bacteria associated with a healthy oral cavity and periodontitis in horses using culture dependent and independent methods; 2) to assess the differences in bacterial populations between the healthy and periodontitis groups and identify putative pathogens; 3) to quantify the expression patterns of TLRs 2, 4 and 9, the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and TNFα, anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 and Th1/Th2/Th17 cytokines IL-4, IL-6/ IL-12, IFNɣ/ IL-17, within gingival tissue from each sample group; 4) to use matched data to establish if associations exist between the presence and quantity of bacterial species present and TLR expression and 5) to determine activation of TLRs 2, 4 and 9 by putative pathogens using specific in- vitro TLR assays. Swabs were taken from the gingival sulcus of 42 orally healthy horses and plaque samples were taken from the periodontal pockets of 61 horses with periodontal disease. The location and grade of the lesion was noted and an equine dental chart completed for each case. Bacteria were identified using high throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing, QPCR, whole genome sequencing and conventional culture followed by 16S gene sequencing. Gingival biopsies were taken from 13 orally healthy horses and 20 horses with periodontitis and gene expression of TLR 2, TLR 4, TLR 9, IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, IL-17, TNFα and IFNɣ was measured. THP-1X Blue, MyD88 THP-1X Blue, HEK hTLR 2 Blue and HEK hTLR 4 Blue human cell lines were co-cultured with putative periodontal pathogens and their response measured via level of secreted embryonic alkaline phosphatase. Clinical, microbiological and immunological data underwent cross-matching analysis. Microbial populations showed 89% dissimilarly between oral health and periodontitis with a less diverse population present in diseased equine periodontal pockets. The most discriminative bacteria between health and disease identified at genus level were Fusobacteria and Acinetobacter in health and Pseudomonas and Prevotella in periodontitis. The most abundant genera were Gemella (36.5%), Pseudomonas (14%) and Acinetobacter (8%) in orally healthy samples and Pseudomonas (25%), Prevotella (14%) and Acinetobacter (9.4%) in periodontitis samples. Whole genome sequencing revealed the presence of 75 species of Prevotella in the equine oral cavity and a significantly higher number of reads corresponding to Prevotella bivia, Prevotella dentalis, Prevotella denticola, Prevotella intermedia, Prevotella melaninogenica, Prevotella nigrescens were noted in diseased samples. Significant increases in expression of TLR 4 mRNA, TLR 9 mRNA and, in particular TLR 2, mRNA were noted in diseased equine gingival tissue in addition to increased pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine mRNA expression. Presence of P. intermedia was significantly positively correlated with expression of TLR 2 in equine periodontitis. In addition, the presence of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans was positively associated with disease severity and expression of TLR 4 mRNA in the horse. Co-culture of periodontal pathogens with human cell lines revealed that the innate immune response to the presence of these bacteria is mainly mediated through TLR 2 activation. The use of both culture dependent and culture independent methods to investigate the equine oral microbiome has provided significant breadth and depth of information on the microbiology of equine periodontal disease. Microbial populations are significantly different as expected and bacteria belonging to the Prevotella genus have been strongly implicated in the aetiopathogenesis of the condition. The innate immune response produced in periodontally diseased equine gingival tissue has been characterised for the first time in the horse.
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Yiu, Kar-yung Cynthia. "Evaluation of interdental cleaning in adolescents and young adults in Hong Kong." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1989. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B12556518.
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Andrade, Jussara Maria Villasbôas de. "Diabetes Mellitus e doença periodontal: uma revisão sistemática." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2009. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=1520.
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Diabetes Mellitus está associado a diversos tipos de complicações, envolvendo diferentes áreas do organismo, dentre elas, o periodonto. A correlação entre diabetes e doença periodontal é uma constante preocupação entre os dentistas uma vez, que comprovada esta associação, surgirão novos conceitos para diagnóstico e tratamento das respectivas doenças. O presente estudo apresenta uma revisão sistemática, tendo como fonte principal dos estudos as bases eletrônicas de dados disponíveis na Internet
(Medline, Scielo, Lilacs, HealthStar, SciSearch) e, como foco, os estudos transversais, longitudinais e de caso controle. Esta revisão sistemática procura estudar as evidências científicas de 26 estudos sobre a associação entre diabetes e doença periodontal, buscando contribuir para o entendimento do processo saúde-doença periodontal, através das evidências para o estabelecimento de fatores de risco. Dos 26 estudos analisados, 73% deles apresentaram significância estatística da associação diabetes e doença periodontal,confirmando assim que o diabetes é um fator de risco para o estabelecimento da doença periodontal. Desta forma, o estudo pretende fortalecer a importância da atuação do dentista na saúde integral do indivíduo diabético e em ações de promoção e prevenção de saúde bucal.<br>Diabetes Mellitus is associated with various types of complications, which involved differents areas of the organism, including the periodontium. The association between diabetes and periodontal disease is, nowadays, a constant preoccupation between the dentists, and if this inter-relationship is proved, will appear new concepts to diagnosis and treatment for those diseases. This present study presents a systematic review and the main source of studies is the eletronic databases available in the internet (Medline, Scielo, Lilacs, HealthStar, SciSearch). It focus on case control, longitudinal and cross sectional studies. This systematic review aims to obtain the scientific evidences of the 26 studies about the association between diabetes and periodontal disease. Besides it applies for contribute to understand the health-periodontal disease process, the evidences to establish the risk factors. 73% of the total studies obtained statistics evidence about the association between diabetes and periodontal disease. This fact confirmed that diabetes is a risk factor of establishment of periodontal disease. This study tends to strengthen the importance of professional action in the integral health of the diabetic and the promotion and preventing actions in bucal health.
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Browning, Jordan Rae, and Jordan Rae Browning. "The flossophy of oral hygiene: the relationship between periodontal disease and cardiovascular disease." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/626734.
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It has been estimated that approximately half of the US population has some level of periodontal disease (Paul, 2015). The following paper analyzes four different studies that support my hypothesis which states that a relationship does exist between periodontal disease and cardiovascular disease. For example, in rabbits, it was observed that periodontal inflammation stimulated by P. gingivalis dramatically increased lipid deposition in the rabbit’s arteries (Jain, A. et al., 2003). Moreover, it was demonstrated that statins have a pleiotropic effect on arterial and non-arterial inflammation. Along with my literature research, I educated first-graders about the importance of oral hygiene. The first part of the lesson included a PowerPoint presentation about a superhero tooth stopping a villain from causing cavities. Following the presentation, the students participated in an activity where they sorted food and activities into different categories based on healthy and unhealthy habits. Overall, this study confirms a relationship between periodontitis and cardiovascular disease in US adults; and encourages public health educational programs to educate cavity prevention starting at an early age.
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Kampits, Cassio. "Condição periodontal como fator de prognóstico em pacientes com doença arterial coronariana crônica : ênfase em citocinas sistêmicas." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/110766.
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A doença periodontal é um processo inflamatório crônico local em resposta ao acúmulo de biofilme bacteriano; porém, nas últimas décadas tem-se observado uma atenção maior aos efeitos sistêmicos da mesma. Estes efeitos sistêmicos podem acarretar em um aumento no risco à doença cardiovascular. As citocinas, as quais são produzidas pela resposta imunológica do hospedeiro, podem ser importantes marcadores da doença periodontal e das doenças cardiovasculares. Este estudo objetivou avaliar a associação entre condição periodontal e citocinas sanguíneas em pacientes com doença arterial coronariana crônica. Foi realizado um estudo observacional transversal no qual foram incluídos 89 pacientes com doença arterial coronariana que estavam sob cuidados cardiovasculares por no mínimo 6 meses. Amostras sanguíneas foram coletadas para mensuração dos níveis sistêmicos das citocinas IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IFN-γ e TNF-α através da plataforma Multiplex. Foram realizados exames periodontais (seis sítios por dente em toda a boca) para registro da profundidade de sondagem (PS) e perda de inserção (PI). Modelos de regressão linear múltipla ajustado para gênero, índice de massa corporal e fumo foram usados para associação entre diversos parâmetros clínicos periodontais e níveis sistêmicos das citocinas individualmente. Observamos associação entre PS e PI com IFN-γ, TNF-α e IL-10. Número de dentes com PI e PS ≥6mm foram significativamente associados com maiores concentrações de IFN-γ. Média de PI e PS foram significativamente relacionadas com IL-10. Concentrações mais elevadas de TNF-α foram associadas com a média de PI. Pode-se concluir que pior condição periodontal é associada com maiores níveis de inflamação sistêmica em pacientes cardiopatas. Estes achados provém adicional evidência para suportar a doença periodontal como um provável fator de prognóstico em pacientes cardiopatas crônicos.<br>Periodontal disease is a chronic inflammatory disease resulting from dental biofilm deposition. However, in recent decades it has been observed an increased attention to the systemic effects of periodontal inflammation and destruction. This systemic effect could be associated to increased risk for cardiovascular diseases. Cytokines, which are produced by the host response, could be important predictors in periodontal disease and cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to assess the association between periodontal disease and low-grade inflammatory blood markers in stable coronary artery disease (CAD) patients. 89 patients under cardiovascular care for at least 6 months were included in this cross-sectional study. Blood levels of cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IFN-y and TNF-α were measured using the Multiplex technology. A full-mouth six sites per tooth periodontal examination was conducted to record probing depth (PD) and clinical attachment loss (CA loss). Multiple linear regression models adjusting for gender, body mass index and smoking were used to study the association between periodontal status and log levels of cytokines. Significant associations between periodontal parameters and IFN-γ, IL-10 and TNFα were observed. Higher numbers of teeth with CA loss and PD ≥6 mm were significantly associated with higher concentrations of IFN-γ. Mean CA loss and PD were significantly related to IL-10. Elevated concentrations of TNF-α were associated with higher mean CA loss. It can be concluded that periodontal disease is associated with increased systemic inflammation in cardiovascular patients. These findings provide additional evidence for supporting periodontal disease as a prognostic factor in cardiovascular patients.
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Mak, Yiu-fai. "Microbial flora of root canals at the time of obturation and the outcome of treatment." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2000. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/HKUTO/record/B38628053.
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Hennig, Branwen Johanna Wanda. "Genetic polymorphisms and early-onset periodontal diseases." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.311107.
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Iancu, Simona Ioana. "Epithelial mechanisms in the microbial pathogenesis of periodontal disease." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2016. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/epithelial-mechanisms-in-the-microbial-pathogenesis-of-periodontal-disease(90dedf1b-d1dd-455b-92ff-47c8af10b995).html.
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Periodontitis, a major cause of tooth loss, is a bacterially induced inflammatory disease that has been associated with certain bacterial species. The aim of this thesis was to identify the epithelial mechanisms activated by commensal and periodontal pathogens to determine which signalling pathways, transcription factors, and pro-inflammatory cytokine responses are associated with periodontitis. The H400 gingival epithelial cell line was infected with the health-associated Actinomyces naeslundii and periodontopathogens Fusobacterium nucleatum and Porphyromonas gingivalis. Differential pathway activation was observed between the three species. A. naeslundii induced phosphorylation of JNK and NF-κB, similarly to F. nucleatum which activated all MAPK pathways (including p38 and ERK1/2) and NF-κB. P. gingivalis induced minimal levels of p-JNK. Differential transcription factor activation was observed in response to the three bacteria. A. naeslundii and F. nucleatum induced activation of c-Fos and c-Jun, while P. gingivalis transiently activated binding of ATF-2. Notably, F. nucleatum was the most potent activator. Both A. naeslundii and F. nucleatum induced a pro-inflammatory response, together stimulating release of IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, GM-CSF and G-CSF. P. gingivalis was the least stimulatory bacterium, an observation supported by a lack of cytokine production, IL-8 down-regulation and a reduction in lactate dehydrogenase release (measure of damage). To determine the functional role of these signalling pathways in inducing effector responses, the MAPK and NF-κB pathways were inhibited. Results indicate that the p38 MAPK pathway is the main regulator of inflammatory responses in A. naeslundii and F. nucleatum infections while in P. gingivalis infections, the JNK pathway appears to be the major regulator of oral epithelial responses. Furthermore, the possible involvement of P. gingivalis virulence factors in the bacterium’s ability to prevent epithelial cell activation was investigated. It was observed that the Lys-gingipain (Kgp) of P. gingivalis plays a role in supressing activation of the MAPK and NF-κB pathways and the c-Fos transcription factors in oral epithelial cells. Overall, the data in this thesis suggests that epithelial cells recognise and respond differently to commensal bacteria compared to periodontal pathogens and that P. gingivalis Kgp may be a key virulence factor involved in immune subversion.
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Dong, Xiaoxiao. "A preliminary investigation of periodontal disease and rheumatoid arthritis /." View the Table of Contents & Abstract, 2005. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B37433830.
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Johansson, Birgit. "Bad breath : prevalence, periodontal disease, microflora and inflammatory markers /." Huddinge, 2005. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2005/91-7140-295-0/.
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Dong, Xiaoxiao, and 董瀟瀟. "A preliminary investigation of periodontal disease and rheumatoid arthritis." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2005. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B4500772X.
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Shelburne, C. E. "Stress-induced P. gingivalis gene expression in periodontal disease." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.269172.
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Roberts, Anthony. "Microbial responses to human stress hormones in periodontal disease." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.433441.
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Preber, Hans. "Cigarette smoking and periodontal disease clinical and therapeutic aspects /." Stockholm : Dept. of Periodontology, Karolinska Institutet, 1986. http://books.google.com/books?id=4ulpAAAAMAAJ.
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